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Zhang Y, Cao F, Xu M, Li X, Tao M, Wu S, Xu W, Liu Y, Zhu W. Integration of Magnetic-Field-Directed Self-Assembly-Based Cell Culture and Biosensing Platform for Improving hPSCs-Derived Neurons and Quantitative Detection of Neurotransmitter. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:58230-58240. [PMID: 38063343 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that human neural cell models have played significant roles in both research and cell replacement therapies for neurological diseases, the existing techniques for obtaining neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are arduous and intricate. Additionally, the evaluation of neuron quality in the natural environment remains deficient. Consequently, we have developed a comprehensive platform utilizing magnetic-field-directed self-assembly (MDSA) of MXenes@Fe3O4 (M/F) nanocomposites. This platform facilitates the cultivation and in situ analysis of differentiated dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Our results showed that the introduction of M/F enhances neurite outgrowth and leads to the development of more intricate ramifications. Moreover, with the increase of magnetic field intensity, neurite outgrowth is further enhanced, and the proportion of differentiated mature neurons from hPSCs increases. This suggests that our platform promotes the maturation of neurons, emphasizing the crucial role of biophysical cues in expediting the differentiation process. The homogenization platform formed by MDSA of M/F nanocomposites exhibits high conductivity, leading to its exceptional performance in the real-time monitoring of the release of dopamine neurotransmitter from hPSC-derived DA neurons. Hence, this platform demonstrates significant potential for monitoring cell quality. In conclusion, our integrated platform, based on MDSA of M/F nanocomposites, offers a reliable and efficient means for the in vitro generation of human neurons with a controllable quality. The as-prepared platform holds potential for enhancing neuronal maturation and ensuring consistent cell quality, showing significant implications for in vitro biological research, disease modeling, and cell replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Fan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mengdan Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wanying Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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152
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Guardiola O, Iavarone F, Nicoletti C, Ventre M, Rodríguez C, Pisapia L, Andolfi G, Saccone V, Patriarca EJ, Puri PL, Minchiotti G. CRIPTO-based micro-heterogeneity of mouse muscle satellite cells enables adaptive response to regenerative microenvironment. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2896-2913.e6. [PMID: 38056454 PMCID: PMC10855569 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle repair relies on heterogeneous populations of satellite cells (SCs). The mechanisms that regulate SC homeostasis and state transition during activation are currently unknown. Here, we investigated the emerging role of non-genetic micro-heterogeneity, i.e., intrinsic cell-to-cell variability of a population, in this process. We demonstrate that micro-heterogeneity of the membrane protein CRIPTO in mouse-activated SCs (ASCs) identifies metastable cell states that allow a rapid response of the population to environmental changes. Mechanistically, CRIPTO micro-heterogeneity is generated and maintained through a process of intracellular trafficking coupled with active shedding of CRIPTO from the plasma membrane. Irreversible perturbation of CRIPTO micro-heterogeneity affects the balance of proliferation, self-renewal, and myogenic commitment in ASCs, resulting in increased self-renewal in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that CRIPTO micro-heterogeneity regulates the adaptative response of ASCs to microenvironmental changes, providing insights into the role of intrinsic heterogeneity in preserving stem cell population diversity during tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Guardiola
- Stem Cell Fate Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Francescopaolo Iavarone
- Stem Cell Fate Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Chiara Nicoletti
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Maurizio Ventre
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80125, Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Stem Cell Fate Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Laura Pisapia
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Gennaro Andolfi
- Stem Cell Fate Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Valentina Saccone
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome 00143, Italy; Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Eduardo J Patriarca
- Stem Cell Fate Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabriella Minchiotti
- Stem Cell Fate Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Naples 80131, Italy.
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153
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Simpson L, Alberio R. Interspecies control of development during mammalian gastrulation. Emerg Top Life Sci 2023; 7:397-408. [PMID: 37933589 PMCID: PMC10754326 DOI: 10.1042/etls20230083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastrulation represents a pivotal phase of development and aberrations during this period can have major consequences, from minor anatomical deviations to severe congenital defects. Animal models are used to study gastrulation, however, there is considerable morphological and molecular diversity of gastrula across mammalian species. Here, we provide an overview of the latest research on interspecies developmental control across mammals. This includes single-cell atlases of several mammalian gastrula which have enabled comparisons of the temporal and molecular dynamics of differentiation. These studies highlight conserved cell differentiation regulators and both absolute and relative differences in differentiation dynamics between species. Recent advances in in vitro culture techniques have facilitated the derivation, maintenance and differentiation of cell lines from a range of species and the creation of multi-species models of gastrulation. Gastruloids are three-dimensional aggregates capable of self-organising and recapitulating aspects of gastrulation. Such models enable species comparisons outside the confines of the embryo. We highlight recent in vitro evidence that differentiation processes such as somitogenesis and neuronal maturation scale with known in vivo differences in developmental tempo across species. This scaling is likely due to intrinsic differences in cell biochemistry. We also highlight several studies which provide examples of cell differentiation dynamics being influenced by extrinsic factors, including culture conditions, chimeric co-culture, and xenotransplantation. These collective studies underscore the complexity of gastrulation across species, highlighting the necessity of additional datasets and studies to decipher the intricate balance between intrinsic cellular programs and extrinsic signals in shaping embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Simpson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, U.K
| | - Ramiro Alberio
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, U.K
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154
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Kitamura T, Misu M, Yoshikawa M, Ouji Y. Differentiation of embryonic stem cells into lung-like cells using lung-derived matrix sheets. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 686:149197. [PMID: 37924668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Various extracellular matrix (ECM) in the lungs regulate tissue development and homeostasis, as well as provide support for cell structures. However, few studies regarding the effects of lung cell differentiation using lung-derived ECM (LM) alone have been reported. The present study investigated the capability of lung-derived matrix sheets (LMSs) to induce lung cell differentiation using mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Expressions of lung-related cell markers were significantly upregulated in ES-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) cultured on an LMS for two weeks. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of EBs grown on LMSs revealed differentiation of various lung-related cells. These results suggest that an LMS can be used to promote differentiation of stem cells into lung cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Kitamura
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masayasu Misu
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masahide Yoshikawa
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yukiteru Ouji
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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155
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Stephens DC, Mungai M, Crabtree A, Beasley HK, Garza-Lopez E, Vang L, Neikirk K, Vue Z, Vue N, Marshall AG, Turner K, Shao JQ, Sarker B, Murray S, Gaddy JA, Davis J, Damo SM, Hinton AO. Protocol for isolating mice skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes via differential antibody validation. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102591. [PMID: 37938976 PMCID: PMC10663959 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolation of skeletal muscles allows for the exploration of many complex diseases. Here, we present a protocol for isolating mice skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes that have been differentiated through antibody validation. We describe steps for collecting and preparing murine skeletal tissue, myoblast cell maintenance, plating, and cell differentiation. We then detail procedures for cell incubation, immunostaining, slide preparation and storage, and imaging for immunofluorescence validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique C Stephens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Margaret Mungai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Heather K Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Edgar Garza-Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Neng Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Andrea G Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyrin Turner
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jian-Qiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Bishnu Sarker
- School of Applied Computational Sciences, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sandra Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, TN 15260, USA
| | - Jennifer A Gaddy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Tennessee Valley Healthcare Systems, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jamaine Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology. Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Steven M Damo
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Antentor O Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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156
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Qi X, Luo Y, Xiao M, Zhang Q, Luo J, Ma L, Ruan L, Lian N, Liu Y. Mechanisms of Alveolar Type 2 Epithelial Cell Death During Acute Lung Injury. Stem Cells 2023; 41:1113-1132. [PMID: 37715783 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) death occurs extensively during acute lung injury (ALI). Due to the limited proliferative capacity of alveolar type 1 epithelial (AT1) cells, the differentiation and regenerative capacity of alveolar type 2 epithelial (AT2) cells are required to restore the barrier function of AECs. However, during lung injury, AT1 cells are particularly susceptible to injury, and ATII cells die in the presence of severe or certain types of injury. This disruption ultimately results in a hindrance to the ability of AT2 cells to proliferate and differentiate into AT1 cells in time to repair the extensively damaged AECs. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of injury death of AT2 cells may be beneficial to reverse the above situation. This article reviews the main death modes of AT2 cells, including apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagic cell death, and ferroptosis. It compares the various forms of death, showing that various cell injury death modes have unique action mechanisms and partially overlapping pathways. Studying the mechanism of AT2 cell death is helpful in screening and analyzing the target pathway of AEC barrier function recovery. It opens up new ideas and strategies for preventing and treating ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Qi
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yali Luo
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases for Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu province, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mengyong Xiao
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiuju Zhang
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Linna Ma
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Linfeng Ruan
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Nini Lian
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases for Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu province, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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157
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Gerschenfeld G, Coulpier F, Gresset A, Pulh P, Job B, Topilko T, Siegenthaler J, Kastriti ME, Brunet I, Charnay P, Topilko P. Neural tube-associated boundary caps are a major source of mural cells in the skin. eLife 2023; 12:e69413. [PMID: 38095361 PMCID: PMC10786459 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to their roles in protecting nerves and increasing conduction velocity, peripheral glia plays key functions in blood vessel development by secreting molecules governing arteries alignment and maturation with nerves. Here, we show in mice that a specific, nerve-attached cell population, derived from boundary caps (BCs), constitutes a major source of mural cells for the developing skin vasculature. Using Cre-based reporter cell tracing and single-cell transcriptomics, we show that BC derivatives migrate into the skin along the nerves, detach from them, and differentiate into pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. Genetic ablation of this population affects the organization of the skin vascular network. Our results reveal the heterogeneity and extended potential of the BC population in mice, which gives rise to mural cells, in addition to previously described neurons, Schwann cells, and melanocytes. Finally, our results suggest that mural specification of BC derivatives takes place before their migration along nerves to the mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Gerschenfeld
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- Sorbonne Université, Collège DoctoralParisFrance
| | - Fanny Coulpier
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- nstitut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955-Team 9CréteilFrance
- Genomic facility, Ecole normale supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS)ParisFrance
| | - Aurélie Gresset
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
| | - Pernelle Pulh
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- nstitut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955-Team 9CréteilFrance
| | - Bastien Job
- Inserm US23, AMMICA, Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuifFrance
| | - Thomas Topilko
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225ParisFrance
| | - Julie Siegenthaler
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Isabelle Brunet
- Inserm U1050, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), Collège de FranceParisFrance
| | - Patrick Charnay
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
| | - Piotr Topilko
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- nstitut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955-Team 9CréteilFrance
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158
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Babaeijandaghi F, Kajabadi N, Long R, Tung LW, Cheung CW, Ritso M, Chang CK, Cheng R, Huang T, Groppa E, Jiang JX, Rossi FMV. DPPIV + fibro-adipogenic progenitors form the niche of adult skeletal muscle self-renewing resident macrophages. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8273. [PMID: 38092736 PMCID: PMC10719395 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult tissue-resident macrophages (RMs) are either maintained by blood monocytes or through self-renewal. While the presence of a nurturing niche is likely crucial to support the survival and function of self-renewing RMs, evidence regarding its nature is limited. Here, we identify fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) as the main source of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) in resting skeletal muscle. Using parabiosis in combination with FAP-deficient transgenic mice (PdgfrαCreERT2 × DTA) or mice lacking FAP-derived CSF1 (PdgfrαCreERT2 × Csf1flox/null), we show that local CSF1 from FAPs is required for the survival of both TIM4- monocyte-derived and TIM4+ self-renewing RMs in adult skeletal muscle. The spatial distribution and number of TIM4+ RMs coincide with those of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV)+ FAPs, suggesting their role as CSF1-producing niche cells for self-renewing RMs. This finding identifies opportunities to precisely manipulate the function of self-renewing RMs in situ to further unravel their role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Babaeijandaghi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada.
- Altos Labs Inc, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Nasim Kajabadi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Reece Long
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Lin Wei Tung
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Chun Wai Cheung
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Morten Ritso
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Chih-Kai Chang
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan Cheng
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Tiffany Huang
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Elena Groppa
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Jean X Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, TX, USA
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, BC, Canada.
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159
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Volmert B, Kiselev A, Juhong A, Wang F, Riggs A, Kostina A, O'Hern C, Muniyandi P, Wasserman A, Huang A, Lewis-Israeli Y, Panda V, Bhattacharya S, Lauver A, Park S, Qiu Z, Zhou C, Aguirre A. A patterned human primitive heart organoid model generated by pluripotent stem cell self-organization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8245. [PMID: 38086920 PMCID: PMC10716495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids can recapitulate significant features of organ development in vitro. We hypothesized that creating human heart organoids by mimicking aspects of in utero gestation (e.g., addition of metabolic and hormonal factors) would lead to higher physiological and anatomical relevance. We find that heart organoids produced using this self-organization-driven developmental induction strategy are remarkably similar transcriptionally and morphologically to age-matched human embryonic hearts. We also show that they recapitulate several aspects of cardiac development, including large atrial and ventricular chambers, proepicardial organ formation, and retinoic acid-mediated anterior-posterior patterning, mimicking the developmental processes found in the post-heart tube stage primitive heart. Moreover, we provide proof-of-concept demonstration of the value of this system for disease modeling by exploring the effects of ondansetron, a drug administered to pregnant women and associated with congenital heart defects. These findings constitute a significant technical advance for synthetic heart development and provide a powerful tool for cardiac disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Volmert
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Artem Kiselev
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Aniwat Juhong
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Biomedical Devices, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ashlin Riggs
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aleksandra Kostina
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Colin O'Hern
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Priyadharshni Muniyandi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aaron Wasserman
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amanda Huang
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yonatan Lewis-Israeli
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Vishal Panda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Systems Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sudin Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Systems Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Adam Lauver
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sangbum Park
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Biomedical Devices, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Neto NGB, Suku M, Hoey DA, Monaghan MG. 2P-FLIM unveils time-dependent metabolic shifts during osteogenic differentiation with a key role of lactate to fuel osteogenesis via glutaminolysis identified. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:364. [PMID: 38087380 PMCID: PMC10717614 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) utilize discrete biosynthetic pathways to self-renew and differentiate into specific cell lineages, with undifferentiated hMSCs harbouring reliance on glycolysis and hMSCs differentiating towards an osteogenic phenotype relying on oxidative phosphorylation as an energy source. METHODS In this study, the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was assessed and classified over 14 days using a non-invasive live-cell imaging modality-two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2P-FLIM). This technique images and measures NADH fluorescence from which cellular metabolism is inferred. RESULTS During osteogenesis, we observe a higher dependence on oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) for cellular energy, concomitant with an increased reliance on anabolic pathways. Guided by these non-invasive observations, we validated this metabolic profile using qPCR and extracellular metabolite analysis and observed a higher reliance on glutaminolysis in the earlier time points of osteogenic differentiation. Based on the results obtained, we sought to promote glutaminolysis further by using lactate, to improve the osteogenic potential of hMSCs. Higher levels of mineral deposition and osteogenic gene expression were achieved when treating hMSCs with lactate, in addition to an upregulation of lactate metabolism and transmembrane cellular lactate transporters. To further clarify the interplay between glutaminolysis and lactate metabolism in osteogenic differentiation, we blocked these pathways using BPTES and α-CHC respectively. A reduction in mineralization was found after treatment with BPTES and α-CHC, demonstrating the reliance of hMSC osteogenesis on glutaminolysis and lactate metabolism. CONCLUSION In summary, we demonstrate that the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs has a temporal metabolic profile and shift that is observed as early as day 3 of cell culture using 2P-FLIM. Furthermore, extracellular lactate is shown as an essential metabolite and metabolic fuel to ensure efficient osteogenic differentiation and as a signalling molecule to promote glutaminolysis. These findings have significant impact in the use of 2P-FLIM to discover potent approaches towards bone tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo by engaging directly with metabolite-driven osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno G B Neto
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Parsons Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meenakshi Suku
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Parsons Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- CURAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David A Hoey
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Parsons Building, Dublin 2, Ireland
- CURAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- Advanced Materials for Bioengineering Research (AMBER), Centre, Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael G Monaghan
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Parsons Building, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- CURAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
- Advanced Materials for Bioengineering Research (AMBER), Centre, Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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161
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Zhang YW, Schönberger K, Cabezas‐Wallscheid N. Bidirectional interplay between metabolism and epigenetics in hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112348. [PMID: 38010205 PMCID: PMC10711668 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, remarkable progress has been made in further understanding the complex molecular regulatory networks that maintain hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. Cellular and organismal metabolisms have been shown to directly instruct epigenetic alterations, and thereby dictate stem cell fate, in the bone marrow. Epigenetic regulatory enzymes are dependent on the availability of metabolites to facilitate DNA- and histone-modifying reactions. The metabolic and epigenetic features of HSCs and their downstream progenitors can be significantly altered by environmental perturbations, dietary habits, and hematological diseases. Therefore, understanding metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms that regulate healthy HSCs can contribute to the discovery of novel metabolic therapeutic targets that specifically eliminate leukemia stem cells while sparing healthy HSCs. Here, we provide an in-depth review of the metabolic and epigenetic interplay regulating hematopoietic stem cell fate. We discuss the influence of metabolic stress stimuli, as well as alterations occurring during leukemic development. Additionally, we highlight recent therapeutic advancements toward eradicating acute myeloid leukemia cells by intervening in metabolic and epigenetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei Zhang
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and EpigeneticsFreiburgGermany
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162
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Fernandes I, Funakoshi S, Hamidzada H, Epelman S, Keller G. Modeling cardiac fibroblast heterogeneity from human pluripotent stem cell-derived epicardial cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8183. [PMID: 38081833 PMCID: PMC10713677 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts play an essential role in the development of the heart and are implicated in disease progression in the context of fibrosis and regeneration. Here, we establish a simple organoid culture platform using human pluripotent stem cell-derived epicardial cells and ventricular cardiomyocytes to study the development, maturation, and heterogeneity of cardiac fibroblasts under normal conditions and following treatment with pathological stimuli. We demonstrate that this system models the early interactions between epicardial cells and cardiomyocytes to generate a population of fibroblasts that recapitulates many aspects of fibroblast behavior in vivo, including changes associated with maturation and in response to pathological stimuli associated with cardiac injury. Using single cell transcriptomics, we show that the hPSC-derived organoid fibroblast population displays a high degree of heterogeneity that approximates the heterogeneity of populations in both the normal and diseased human heart. Additionally, we identify a unique subpopulation of fibroblasts possessing reparative features previously characterized in the hearts of model organisms. Taken together, our system recapitulates many aspects of human cardiac fibroblast specification, development, and maturation, providing a platform to investigate the role of these cells in human cardiovascular development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Fernandes
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada.
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Homaira Hamidzada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Slava Epelman
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Networ, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Gordon Keller
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G1L7, Canada.
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Brousse B, Mercier O, Magalon K, Gubellini P, Malapert P, Cayre M, Durbec P. Characterization of a new mouse line triggering transient oligodendrocyte progenitor depletion. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21959. [PMID: 38081969 PMCID: PMC10713661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) are the main proliferative cells in the healthy adult brain. They produce new myelinating oligodendrocytes to ensure physiological myelin remodeling and regeneration after various pathological insults. Growing evidence suggests that OPC have other functions. Here, we aimed to develop an experimental model that allows the specific ablation of OPC at the adult stage to unravel possible new functions. We generated a transgenic mouse expressing a floxed human diphtheria toxin receptor under the control of the PDGFRa promoter, crossed with an Olig2Cre mouse to limit the recombination to the oligodendrocyte lineage in the central nervous system. We determined a diphtheria toxin dose to substantially decrease OPC density in the cortex and the corpus callosum without triggering side toxicity after a few daily injections. OPC density was normalized 7 days post-treatment, showing high repopulation capacity from few surviving OPC. We took advantage of this strong but transient depletion to show that OPC loss was associated with behavioral impairment, which was restored by OPC recovery, as well as disruption of the excitation/inhibition balance in the sensorimotor cortex, reinforcing the hypothesis of a neuromodulatory role of OPC in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Brousse
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - O Mercier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - K Magalon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - P Gubellini
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LNC UMR7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331, Marseille Cedex 3, France
| | - P Malapert
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - M Cayre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LNC UMR7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331, Marseille Cedex 3, France
| | - P Durbec
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
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Rifes P, Isaksson M, Rusimbi C, Ramón Santonja A, Nelander J, Laurell T, Kirkeby A. Identifying secreted biomarkers of dopaminergic ventral midbrain progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:354. [PMID: 38072935 PMCID: PMC10712201 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventral midbrain (VM) dopaminergic progenitor cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells have the potential to replace endogenously lost dopamine neurons and are currently in preclinical and clinical development for treatment of Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, one main challenge in the quality control of the cells is that rostral and caudal VM progenitors are extremely similar transcriptionally though only the caudal VM cells give rise to dopaminergic (DA) neurons with functionality relevant for cell replacement in PD. Therefore, it is critical to develop assays which can rapidly and reliably discriminate rostral from caudal VM cells during clinical manufacturing. METHODS We performed shotgun proteomics on cell culture supernatants from rostral and caudal VM progenitor cells to search for novel secreted biomarkers specific to DA progenitors from the caudal VM. Key hits were validated by qRT-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS We identified and validated novel secreted markers enriched in caudal VM progenitor cultures (CPE, LGI1 and PDGFC), and found these markers to correlate strongly with the expression of EN1, which is a predictive marker for successful graft outcome in DA cell transplantation products. Other markers (CNTN2 and CORIN) were found to conversely be enriched in the non-dopaminergic rostral VM cultures. Key novel ELISA markers were further validated on supernatant samples from GMP-manufactured caudal VM batches. CONCLUSION As a non-invasive in-process quality control test for predicting correctly patterned batches of caudal VM DA cells during clinical manufacturing, we propose a dual ELISA panel measuring LGI1/CORIN ratios around day 16 of differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Rifes
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine - reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers Väg 3, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 17, BMC-B11, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Sölvegatan 17, BMC-B11, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Rusimbi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adrián Ramón Santonja
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jenny Nelander
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 17, BMC-B11, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Laurell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers Väg 3, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
| | - Agnete Kirkeby
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine - reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 17, BMC-B11, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Sölvegatan 17, BMC-B11, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.
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Kusano M, Sakai K, Tomiga Y, Ito A, Nakashima S, Uehara Y, Kawanaka K, Kitajima Y, Higaki Y. The neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression increases during satellite cell-derived primary myoblasts differentiation. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:128-133. [PMID: 38158677 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.13.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; encoded by NOS1)-derived nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in maintaining skeletal muscle mass. In adult skeletal muscle, nNOS localizes to the cell membrane, cytosol, and nucleus, and regulates muscle hypertrophy and atrophy in various subcellular fractions. However, its role in muscle stem cells (also known as muscle satellite cells), which provide myonuclei for postnatal muscle growth, maintenance, and regeneration, remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine nNOS expression in muscle satellite cell-derived primary myoblasts during differentiation and its DNA methylation levels, an epigenetic modification that controls gene expression. Undifferentiated and differentiated satellite cell-derived primary myoblasts were found to express nNOS. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that nNOS colocalized with Pax7 (satellite cell marker) only in the undifferentiated myoblasts. Furthermore, nNOS immunoreactivity spread to the cytosol of Pax7-negative differentiated myotube-like cells. The level of Nos1µ mRNA, the main isoform of skeletal muscle nNOS, was increased in differentiated satellite cell-derived primary myoblasts compared to that in the undifferentiated cells. However, Nos1 methylation levels remained unchanged during differentiation. These findings suggest that nNOS induction and the appropriate transition of its subcellular localization may contribute to muscle differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kusano
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Sakai
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Yuki Tomiga
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Ai Ito
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Shihoko Nakashima
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Yoshinari Uehara
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Kawanaka
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Kitajima
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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Gall L, Duckworth C, Jardi F, Lammens L, Parker A, Bianco A, Kimko H, Pritchard DM, Pin C. Homeostasis, injury, and recovery dynamics at multiple scales in a self-organizing mouse intestinal crypt. eLife 2023; 12:e85478. [PMID: 38063302 PMCID: PMC10789491 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of the functional integrity of the intestinal epithelium requires a tight coordination between cell production, migration, and shedding along the crypt-villus axis. Dysregulation of these processes may result in loss of the intestinal barrier and disease. With the aim of generating a more complete and integrated understanding of how the epithelium maintains homeostasis and recovers after injury, we have built a multi-scale agent-based model (ABM) of the mouse intestinal epithelium. We demonstrate that stable, self-organizing behaviour in the crypt emerges from the dynamic interaction of multiple signalling pathways, such as Wnt, Notch, BMP, ZNRF3/RNF43, and YAP-Hippo pathways, which regulate proliferation and differentiation, respond to environmental mechanical cues, form feedback mechanisms, and modulate the dynamics of the cell cycle protein network. The model recapitulates the crypt phenotype reported after persistent stem cell ablation and after the inhibition of the CDK1 cycle protein. Moreover, we simulated 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced toxicity at multiple scales starting from DNA and RNA damage, which disrupts the cell cycle, cell signalling, proliferation, differentiation, and migration and leads to loss of barrier integrity. During recovery, our in silico crypt regenerates its structure in a self-organizing, dynamic fashion driven by dedifferentiation and enhanced by negative feedback loops. Thus, the model enables the simulation of xenobiotic-, in particular chemotherapy-, induced mechanisms of intestinal toxicity and epithelial recovery. Overall, we present a systems model able to simulate the disruption of molecular events and its impact across multiple levels of epithelial organization and demonstrate its application to epithelial research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Gall
- Clinical Pharmacology and Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZenecaCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Carrie Duckworth
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Ferran Jardi
- Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, JanssenBeerseBelgium
| | - Lieve Lammens
- Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, JanssenBeerseBelgium
| | - Aimee Parker
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram InstituteNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Ambra Bianco
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, AstraZenecaCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Holly Kimko
- Clinical Pharmacology and Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZenecaCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - David Mark Pritchard
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Carmen Pin
- Clinical Pharmacology and Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZenecaCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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Fiore F, Alhalaseh K, Dereddi RR, Bodaleo Torres F, Çoban I, Harb A, Agarwal A. Norepinephrine regulates calcium signals and fate of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the mouse cerebral cortex. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8122. [PMID: 38065932 PMCID: PMC10709653 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43920-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) generate oligodendrocytes, contributing to myelination and myelin repair. OPCs contact axons and respond to neuronal activity, but how the information relayed by the neuronal activity translates into OPC Ca2+ signals, which in turn influence their fate, remains unknown. We generated transgenic mice for concomitant monitoring of OPCs Ca2+ signals and cell fate using 2-photon microscopy in the somatosensory cortex of awake-behaving mice. Ca2+ signals in OPCs mainly occur within processes and confine to Ca2+ microdomains. A subpopulation of OPCs enhances Ca2+ transients while mice engaged in exploratory locomotion. We found that OPCs responsive to locomotion preferentially differentiate into oligodendrocytes, and locomotion-non-responsive OPCs divide. Norepinephrine mediates locomotion-evoked Ca2+ increases in OPCs by activating α1 adrenergic receptors, and chemogenetic activation of OPCs or noradrenergic neurons promotes OPC differentiation. Hence, we uncovered that for fate decisions OPCs integrate Ca2+ signals, and norepinephrine is a potent regulator of OPC fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Fiore
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Khaleel Alhalaseh
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ram R Dereddi
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felipe Bodaleo Torres
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilknur Çoban
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ali Harb
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amit Agarwal
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Ivan A, Cristea MI, Telea A, Oprean C, Galuscan A, Tatu CA, Paunescu V. Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Functional Assessment: Exploring the Changes of Free Fatty Acids Composition during Cultivation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17249. [PMID: 38139076 PMCID: PMC10743411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic regulation of stemness is widely recognized as a crucial factor in determining the fate of stem cells. When transferred to a stimulating and nutrient-rich environment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) undergo rapid proliferation, accompanied by a change in protein expression and a significant reconfiguration of central energy metabolism. This metabolic shift, from quiescence to metabolically active cells, can lead to an increase in the proportion of senescent cells and limit their regenerative potential. In this study, MSCs from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) were isolated and expanded in vitro for up to 10 passages. Immunophenotypic analysis, growth kinetics, in vitro plasticity, fatty acid content, and autophagic capacity were assessed throughout cultivation to evaluate the functional characteristics of SHEDs. Our findings revealed that SHEDs exhibit distinctive patterns of cell surface marker expression, possess high self-renewal capacity, and have a unique potential for neurogenic differentiation. Aged SHEDs exhibited lower proliferation rates, reduced potential for chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation, an increasing capacity for adipogenic differentiation, and decreased autophagic potential. Prolonged cultivation of SHEDs resulted in changes in fatty acid composition, signaling a transition from anti-inflammatory to proinflammatory pathways. This underscores the intricate connection between metabolic regulation, stemness, and aging, crucial for optimizing therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ivan
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Mirabela I. Cristea
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Ada Telea
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
- Department of Drug analysis, Chemistry of the Environment and Food, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Calin A. Tatu
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
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169
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Liu J, Murray JI. Mechanisms of lineage specification in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad174. [PMID: 37847877 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The studies of cell fate and lineage specification are fundamental to our understanding of the development of multicellular organisms. Caenorhabditis elegans has been one of the premiere systems for studying cell fate specification mechanisms at single cell resolution, due to its transparent nature, the invariant cell lineage, and fixed number of somatic cells. We discuss the general themes and regulatory mechanisms that have emerged from these studies, with a focus on somatic lineages and cell fates. We next review the key factors and pathways that regulate the specification of discrete cells and lineages during embryogenesis and postembryonic development; we focus on transcription factors and include numerous lineage diagrams that depict the expression of key factors that specify embryonic founder cells and postembryonic blast cells, and the diverse somatic cell fates they generate. We end by discussing some future perspectives in cell and lineage specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - John Isaac Murray
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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170
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Maimaitili M, Chen M, Febbraro F, Ucuncu E, Kelly R, Niclis JC, Christiansen JR, Mermet-Joret N, Niculescu D, Lauritsen J, Iannielli A, Klæstrup IH, Jensen UB, Qvist P, Nabavi S, Broccoli V, Nykjær A, Romero-Ramos M, Denham M. Enhanced production of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons from lineage-restricted human undifferentiated stem cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7871. [PMID: 38052784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current differentiation protocols for generating mesencephalic dopaminergic (mesDA) neurons from human pluripotent stem cells result in grafts containing only a small proportion of mesDA neurons when transplanted in vivo. In this study, we develop lineage-restricted undifferentiated stem cells (LR-USCs) from pluripotent stem cells, which enhances their potential for differentiating into caudal midbrain floor plate progenitors and mesDA neurons. Using a ventral midbrain protocol, 69% of LR-USCs become bona fide caudal midbrain floor plate progenitors, compared to only 25% of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Importantly, LR-USCs generate significantly more mesDA neurons under midbrain and hindbrain conditions in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that midbrain-patterned LR-USC progenitors transplanted into 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats restore function in a clinically relevant non-pharmacological behavioral test, whereas midbrain-patterned hESC-derived progenitors do not. This strategy demonstrates how lineage restriction can prevent the development of undesirable lineages and enhance the conditions necessary for mesDA neuron generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyesier Maimaitili
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Muwan Chen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Fabia Febbraro
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ekin Ucuncu
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Noëmie Mermet-Joret
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center of Excellence PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dragos Niculescu
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center of Excellence PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johanne Lauritsen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Angelo Iannielli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Ida H Klæstrup
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, CGPM, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sadegh Nabavi
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center of Excellence PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Anders Nykjær
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center of Excellence PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marina Romero-Ramos
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mark Denham
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000C, Aarhus, Denmark.
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171
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Fasciano S, Luo S, Wang S. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 in regulating osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation using a double-stranded gapmer locked nucleic acid nanobiosensor. Analyst 2023; 148:6261-6273. [PMID: 37937546 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are non-protein coding RNA molecules that are longer than 200 nucleotides. The lncRNA molecule plays diverse roles in gene regulation, chromatin remodeling, and cellular processes, influencing various biological pathways. However, probing the complex dynamics of lncRNA in live cells is a challenging task. In this study, a double-stranded gapmer locked nucleic acid (ds-GapM-LNA) nanobiosensor is designed for visualizing the abundance and expression of lncRNA in live human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The sensitivity, specificity, and stability were characterized. The results showed that this ds-GapM-LNA nanobiosensor has very good sensitivity, specificity, and stability, which allows for dissecting the regulatory roles of cellular processes during dynamic physiological events. By incorporating this nanobiosensor in living hMSC imaging, we elucidated lncRNA MALAT1 expression dynamics during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The data reveal that lncRNA MALAT1 expression is correlated with distinct sub-stages of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Fasciano
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Tagliatela College of Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Art and Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Shuai Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Tagliatela College of Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Shue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Tagliatela College of Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
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172
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Yang C, Gao Q, Xu N, Yang K, Bian Z. Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Are Subjected to Metabolic Reprogramming and Repressed Proliferation and Migration by the Sympathetic Nervous System via α1B-Adrenergic Receptor. J Endod 2023; 49:1641-1651.e6. [PMID: 37769871 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) reside in specialized microenvironments in the dental pulp, termed "niches," which are composed of diverse cellular components including nerves. Sensory nerves can positively regulate the expansion and differentiation of pulp cells, while the biological effects of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on hDPSCs remain elusive. This study is devoted to investigating the effects and underlying mechanisms of the SNS on the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs. METHODS The distribution of sympathetic nerve fibers in human dental pulp was examined by immunofluorescence staining of tyrosine hydroxylase. The concentration of norepinephrine in healthy and carious human dental pulp tissues was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RNA-sequencing was applied to identify the dominant sympathetic neurotransmitter receptor in hDPSCs. Seahorse metabolic assay, adenosine triphosphate assay, lactate assay, and mitochondrial DNA copy number were performed to determine the level of glycometabolism. Transwell assay, wound healing assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining assay, cell cycle assay, and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay were conducted to analyze the migratory and proliferative capacities of hDPSCs. RESULTS Sprouting of sympathetic nerve fibers and an increased concentration of norepinephrine were observed in inflammatory pulp tissues. Sympathetic nerve fibers were mainly distributed along blood vessels, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive hDPSCs resided in close proximity to neurovascular bundles. ADRA1B was identified as the major sympathetic neurotransmitter receptor expressed in hDPSCs, and its expression was enhanced in inflammatory pulp tissues. In addition, the SNS inhibited the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs through metabolic reprogramming via ADRA1B and its crosstalk with serine-threonine kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the SNS can shift the metabolism of hDPSCs from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis via ADRA1B and its crosstalk with serine-threonine kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting the proliferative and migratory abilities of hDPSCs. This metabolic shift may facilitate the maintenance of the quiescent state of hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Gao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhuan Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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173
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Cappitti A, Palmieri F, Garella R, Tani A, Chellini F, Salzano De Luna M, Parmeggiani C, Squecco R, Martella D, Sassoli C. Development of accessible platforms to promote myofibroblast differentiation by playing on hydrogel scaffold composition. Biomater Adv 2023; 155:213674. [PMID: 37922662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanomimetic materials are particularly attractive for modeling in vitro fibroblast to myofibroblast (Myof) transition, a key process in the physiological repair of damaged tissue, and recognized as the core cellular mechanism of pathological fibrosis in different organs. In vivo, mechanical stimuli from the extracellular matrix (ECM) are crucial, together with cell-cell contacts and the pro-fibrotic transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, in promoting fibroblast differentiation. Here, we explore the impact of hydrogels made by polyacrylamide with different composition on fibroblast behavior. By appropriate modulation of the hydrogel composition (e.g. adjusting the crosslinker content), we produce and fully characterize three kinds of scaffolds with different Young modulus (E). We observe that soft hydrogels (E < 1 kPa) induced fibroblast differentiation better than stiffer ones, also in the absence of TGF-β1. This study provides a readily accessible biomaterial platform to promote Myof generation. The easy approach used and the commercial availability of the monomers make these hydrogels suitable to a wide range of biomedical applications combined with high reproducibility and simple preparation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Cappitti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Francesco Palmieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Rachele Garella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Flaminia Chellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Salzano De Luna
- Department of chemical, materials and industrial production engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Camilla Parmeggiani
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Roberta Squecco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Daniele Martella
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM), 10135 Torino, Italy.
| | - Chiara Sassoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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174
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Tolouei AE, Oruji F, Tehrani S, Rezaei S, Mozaffari A, Jahri M, Nasiri K. Gingival mesenchymal stem cell therapy, immune cells, and immunoinflammatory application. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10461-10469. [PMID: 37904011 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
MSC-based therapeutic strategies have proven to be incredibly effective. Robust self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and potential for tissue regeneration and disease treatments are all features of MSCs isolated from oral tissue. Human exfoliated deciduous teeth, dental follicles, dental pulp, apical papilla SCs, and alveolar bone are the primary sources of oral MSC production. The early immunoinflammatory response is the first stage of the healing process. Oral MSCs can interact with various cells, such as immune cells, revealing potential immunomodulatory regulators. They also have strong differentiation and regeneration potential. Therefore, a ground-breaking strategy would be to research novel immunomodulatory approaches for treating disease and tissue regeneration that depend on the immunomodulatory activities of oral MSCs during tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farshid Oruji
- College of Medicine, Department of Genetics Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sahar Tehrani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sara Rezaei
- Restorative Dentistry Resident, Faculty of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Asieh Mozaffari
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jahri
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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175
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Takahashi H, Fujimoto T, Yaoi T, Fushiki S, Itoh K. Leukemia inhibitory factor shortens primary cilia by upregulating C-C motif chemokine 2 in human neural stem/progenitor cells. Genes Cells 2023; 28:868-880. [PMID: 37837427 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia on neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) play an important role in determining cell fate, although the regulatory mechanisms involved in the ciliogenesis remain largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the effect of the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) for the primary cilia in immortalized human NSPCs. LIF withdrawal elongated the primary cilia length, whereas the addition of LIF shortened it. Microarray gene expression analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with LIF treatment were related with the multiple cytokine signaling pathways. Among the DEGs, C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) had the highest ranking and its increase in the protein concentration in the NSPCs-conditioned medium after the LIF treatment was confirmed by ELISA. Interestingly, we found that CCL2 was a negative regulator of cilium length, and LIF-induced shortening of primary cilia was antagonized by CCL2-specific antibody, suggesting that LIF could influence cilia length via upregulating CCL2. The shortening effect of LIF and CCL2 on primary cilia was also observed in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the study suggested that the LIF-CCL2 axis may well be a regulator of NSPCs and its primary cilia length, which could affect multiple cellular processes, including NSPC proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Takahashi
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fujimoto
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yaoi
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Fushiki
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
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176
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Surve MV, Lin B, Reedy JL, Crossen AJ, Xu A, Klein BS, Vyas JM, Rajagopal J. Single-Cell Transcriptomes, Lineage, and Differentiation of Functional Airway Microfold Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:698-701. [PMID: 38038398 PMCID: PMC10704116 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0292le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manalee V. Surve
- Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridge, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Brian Lin
- Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridge, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridge, Massachusetts
- Tufts University School of MedicineBoston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer L. Reedy
- Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Anthony Xu
- Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts
- Harvard UniversityCambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce S. Klein
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadison, Wisconsin
| | - Jatin M. Vyas
- Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, Massachusetts
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridge, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridge, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, Massachusetts
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177
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Zhang Z, Wang P, Zheng Y, Wang M, Chou J, Wang Z. Exosomal microRNA-223 from neutrophil-like cells inhibits osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1315-1325. [PMID: 37715968 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Neutrophils-derived exosomes have been shown to cause tissue inflammation in many diseases, but their role in periodontitis, a neutrophil-mediated disease, is unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes on osteogenic dysfunction of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in periodontitis. METHODS Neutrophil-like cells were derived from HL-60 cells by dimethylsulfoxide stimulation. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoflow cytometry and western blot. MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. Western blot, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alizarin red staining were conducted to assess whether exosomes could affect the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. The expression of miR-223 was inhibited in PDLSCs by transfecting with miR-223 inhibitor. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) expression was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We found that miR-223 was significantly increased in neutrophils and neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes. Treatment with exosomes derived from neutrophil-like cells upregulated miR-223 expression and inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, while transfection with miR-223 inhibitor significantly promoted PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation. In addition, co-treatment with KT5823, a cGMP-PKG pathway inhibitor, markedly abrogated the rescue effects of miR-223 inhibitor on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes might inhibit osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by transporting miR-223 and regulating the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Youli Zheng
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiashu Chou
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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178
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Huang RL, Li Q, Ma JX, Atala A, Zhang Y. Body fluid-derived stem cells - an untapped stem cell source in genitourinary regeneration. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:739-761. [PMID: 37414959 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Somatic stem cells have been obtained from solid organs and tissues, including the bone marrow, placenta, corneal stroma, periosteum, adipose tissue, dental pulp and skeletal muscle. These solid tissue-derived stem cells are often used for tissue repair, disease modelling and new drug development. In the past two decades, stem cells have also been identified in various body fluids, including urine, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid, breastmilk and menstrual blood. These body fluid-derived stem cells (BFSCs) have stemness properties comparable to those of other adult stem cells and, similarly to tissue-derived stem cells, show cell surface markers, multi-differentiation potential and immunomodulatory effects. However, BFSCs are more easily accessible through non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches than solid tissue-derived stem cells and can be isolated without enzymatic tissue digestion. Additionally, BFSCs have shown good versatility in repairing genitourinary abnormalities in preclinical models through direct differentiation or paracrine mechanisms such as pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, antifibrotic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, optimization of protocols is needed to improve the efficacy and safety of BFSC therapy before therapeutic translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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179
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Xu Y, Wang Y, Xiao H, Li Y. Hypoxia dissociates HDAC6/FOXO1 complex and aggregates them into nucleus to regulate autophagy and osteogenic differentiation. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1248-1260. [PMID: 37767803 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the periodontitis-associated bone loss, with particular emphasis on the contributory role of hypoxic microenvironment in this process. BACKGROUND Periodontitis generally causes alveolar bone loss and is often associated with a hypoxic microenvironment, which affects bone homeostasis. However, the regulating mechanism between hypoxia and jaw metabolism remains unclear. Hypoxia triggers autophagy, which is closely related to osteogenic differentiation, but how hypoxia-induced autophagy regulates bone metabolism is unknown. HDAC6 and FOXO1 are closely related to bone metabolism and autophagy, respectively, but whether they are related to hypoxia-induced bone loss and their internal mechanisms is still unclear. METHODS Established rat nasal obstruction model and hypoxia cell model. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression and localization of HDAC6 and FOXO1 proteins, analysis of autophagic flux and transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the autophagy level and observe the autophagosomes, co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation were preformed to investigate the interaction of HDAC6 and FOXO1. RESULTS Hypoxia causes increased autophagy and reduced osteogenic differentiation in rat mandibles and BMSCs, and blocking autophagy can attenuate hypoxia-induced osteogenic differentiation decrease. Moreover, hypoxia dissociated the FOXO1-HDAC6 complex and accumulated them in the nucleus. Knocking down of FOXO1 or HDAC6 alleviated hypoxia-induced autophagy elevation or osteogenic differentiation reduction by binding to related genes, respectively. CONCLUSION Hypoxia causes mandibular bone loss and autophagy elevation. Mechanically, hypoxia dissociates the FOXO1-HDAC6 complex and aggregates them in the nucleus, whereas HDAC6 decreases osteogenic differentiation and FOXO1 enhances autophagy to inhibit osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Xu
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongming Li
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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180
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Li X, Jiang O, Wang S. Molecular mechanisms of cellular metabolic homeostasis in stem cells. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:52. [PMID: 38040705 PMCID: PMC10692173 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many tissues and organ systems have intrinsic regeneration capabilities that are largely driven and maintained by tissue-resident stem cell populations. In recent years, growing evidence has demonstrated that cellular metabolic homeostasis plays a central role in mediating stem cell fate, tissue regeneration, and homeostasis. Thus, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms that regulate metabolic homeostasis in stem cells may contribute to our knowledge on how tissue homeostasis is maintained and provide novel insights for disease management. In this review, we summarize the known relationship between the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and molecular pathways in stem cells. We also discuss potential targets of metabolic homeostasis in disease therapy and describe the current limitations and future directions in the development of these novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ou Jiang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory for Oral and General Health Integration and Translation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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181
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Schumacher MA. The emerging roles of deep crypt secretory cells in colonic physiology. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 325:G493-G500. [PMID: 37697924 PMCID: PMC10887841 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00093.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Deep crypt secretory (DCS) cells are a population of epithelial cells located at the colonic crypt base that share some similarities to Paneth and goblet cells. They were initially defined as c-Kit expressing cells, though subsequent work showed that they are more specifically marked by Reg4 in the murine colon. The best-understood function of DCS cells at present is supporting the stem cell niche by generating Notch and EGF ligands. However, as these cells also express immunoregulatory (e.g., Ccl6) and host defense (e.g., Retnlb) genes, it is likely they have additional functions in maintaining colonic health outside of maintenance of the stem niche. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomic profiling hint at additional epithelial and immune roles that may exist for these cells and have aided in elucidating their developmental lineage. This review highlights the emerging evidence supporting a crucial role for DCS cells in intestinal physiology, the current understanding of how these cells are regulated, and their potential role(s) in colonic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Schumacher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Here, we discuss the origin of chondrocytes, their destiny, and their plasticity in relationship to bone growth, articulation, and formation of the trabeculae. We also consider these processes from a biological, clinical, and evolutionary perspective. RECENT FINDINGS Chondrocytes, which provide the template for the formation of most bones, are responsible for skeletal growth and articulation during postnatal life. In recent years our understanding of the fate of these cells has changed dramatically. Current evidence indicates a paradoxical situation during skeletogenesis, with some cells of mesenchymal condensation differentiating directly into osteoblasts, whereas others of the same kind give rise to highly similar osteoblasts via a complex process of differentiation involving several chondrocyte intermediates. The situation becomes even more paradoxical during postnatal growth when stem cells in the growth plate produce differentiated, functional progenies, which thereafter presumably dedifferentiate into another type of stem cell. Such a remarkable transition from one cell type to another under postnatal physiological conditions provides a fascinating example of cellular plasticity that may have valuable clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei S Chagin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tsz Long Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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183
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Giafaglione JM, Crowell PD, Delcourt AML, Hashimoto T, Ha SM, Atmakuri A, Nunley NM, Dang RMA, Tian M, Diaz JA, Tika E, Payne MC, Burkhart DL, Li D, Navone NM, Corey E, Nelson PS, Lin NYC, Blanpain C, Ellis L, Boutros PC, Goldstein AS. Prostate lineage-specific metabolism governs luminal differentiation and response to antiandrogen treatment. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1821-1832. [PMID: 38049604 PMCID: PMC10709144 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Lineage transitions are a central feature of prostate development, tumourigenesis and treatment resistance. While epigenetic changes are well known to drive prostate lineage transitions, it remains unclear how upstream metabolic signalling contributes to the regulation of prostate epithelial identity. To fill this gap, we developed an approach to perform metabolomics on primary prostate epithelial cells. Using this approach, we discovered that the basal and luminal cells of the prostate exhibit distinct metabolomes and nutrient utilization patterns. Furthermore, basal-to-luminal differentiation is accompanied by increased pyruvate oxidation. We establish the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier and subsequent lactate accumulation as regulators of prostate luminal identity. Inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier or supplementation with exogenous lactate results in large-scale chromatin remodelling, influencing both lineage-specific transcription factors and response to antiandrogen treatment. These results establish reciprocal regulation of metabolism and prostate epithelial lineage identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Giafaglione
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Preston D Crowell
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amelie M L Delcourt
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Takao Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sung Min Ha
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aishwarya Atmakuri
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas M Nunley
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel M A Dang
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mao Tian
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnny A Diaz
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elisavet Tika
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, WEL Research Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie C Payne
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Deborah L Burkhart
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dapei Li
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora M Navone
- Department of GU Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Neil Y C Lin
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cedric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, WEL Research Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew S Goldstein
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Filippi MD. The multifaceted role of mitochondria in HSC fate decisions: energy and beyond. Exp Hematol 2023; 128:19-29. [PMID: 37832715 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the properties to self-renew and/or differentiate into all-mature blood cell lineages. The fate decisions to generate progeny that retain stemness properties or that commit to differentiation is a fundamental process to maintain tissue homeostasis and must be tightly regulated to prevent HSC overgrowth or exhaustion. HSC fate decisions are inherently coupled to cell division. The transition from quiescence to activation is accompanied by major metabolic and mitochondrial changes that are important for cell cycle entry and for balanced decisions between self-renewal and differentiation. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the role of mitochondrial metabolism in HSC transition from quiescence to activation and fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Dominique Filippi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
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185
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Sun Q, Li J, Ma J, Zheng Y, Ju R, Li X, Ren X, Huang L, Chen R, Tan X, Luo L. JAM-C Is Important for Lens Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Lens Fiber Maturation in Murine Lens Development. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:15. [PMID: 38095908 PMCID: PMC10723223 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.15.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The underlying mechanism of congenital cataracts caused by deficiency or mutation of junctional adhesion molecule C (JAM-C) gene remains unclear. Our study aims to elucidate the abnormal developmental process in Jamc-/- lenses and reveal the genes related to lens development that JAM-C may regulate. Methods Jamc knockout (Jamc-/-) mouse embryos and pups were generated for in vivo studies. Four key developmental stages from embryonic day (E) 12.5 to postnatal day (P) 0.5 were selected for the following experiments. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological analysis. The 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay and TUNEL staining were performed to label lens epithelial cell (LEC) proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to analyze the markers of lens epithelium, cell cycle exit, and lens fiber differentiation. Results JAM-C was expressed throughout the process of lens development. Deletion of Jamc resulted in decreased lens size and disorganized lens fibers, which arose from E16.5 and aggravated gradually. The LECs of Jamc-/- lenses showed decreased quantity and proliferation, accompanied with reduction of key transcription factor, FOXE3. The fibers in Jamc-/- lenses were disorganized. Moreover, Jamc-deficient lens fibers showed significantly altered distribution patterns of Cx46 and Cx50. The marker of fiber homeostasis, γ-crystallin, was also decreased in the inner cortex and core fibers of Jamc-/- lenses. Conclusions Deletion of JAM-C exhibits malfunction of LEC proliferation and fiber maturation during murine lens development, which may be related to the downregulation of FOXE3 expression and abnormal localization patterns of Cx46 and Cx50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuhua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
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Hewitt T, Alural B, Tilak M, Wang J, Becke N, Chartley E, Perreault M, Haggarty SJ, Sheridan SD, Perlis RH, Jones N, Mellios N, Lalonde J. Bipolar disorder-iPSC derived neural progenitor cells exhibit dysregulation of store-operated Ca 2+ entry and accelerated differentiation. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5237-5250. [PMID: 37402854 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
While most of the efforts to uncover mechanisms contributing to bipolar disorder (BD) focused on phenotypes at the mature neuron stage, little research has considered events that may occur during earlier timepoints of neurodevelopment. Further, although aberrant calcium (Ca2+) signaling has been implicated in the etiology of this condition, the possible contribution of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is not well understood. Here, we report Ca2+ and developmental dysregulations related to SOCE in BD patient induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural progenitor cells (BD-NPCs) and cortical-like glutamatergic neurons. First, using a Ca2+ re-addition assay we found that BD-NPCs and neurons had attenuated SOCE. Intrigued by this finding, we then performed RNA-sequencing and uncovered a unique transcriptome profile in BD-NPCs suggesting accelerated neurodifferentiation. Consistent with these results, we measured a slower rate of proliferation, increased neurite outgrowth, and decreased size in neurosphere formations with BD-NPCs. Also, we observed decreased subventricular areas in developing BD cerebral organoids. Finally, BD NPCs demonstrated high expression of the let-7 family while BD neurons had increased miR-34a, both being microRNAs previously implicated in neurodevelopmental deviations and BD etiology. In summary, we present evidence supporting an accelerated transition towards the neuronal stage in BD-NPCs that may be indicative of early pathophysiological features of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristen Hewitt
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Begüm Alural
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Manali Tilak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Wang
- Center for Quantitative Health, Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Natalina Becke
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ellis Chartley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Perreault
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Center for Quantitative Health, Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Steven D Sheridan
- Center for Quantitative Health, Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Roy H Perlis
- Center for Quantitative Health, Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Nina Jones
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Nikolaos Mellios
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jasmin Lalonde
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Zhou L, Wu D, Zhou Y, Wang D, Fu H, Huang Q, Qin G, Chen J, Lv J, Lai S, Zhang H, Tang K, Ma J, Fiskesund R, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Huang B. Tumor cell-released kynurenine biases MEP differentiation into megakaryocytes in individuals with cancer by activating AhR-RUNX1. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:2042-2052. [PMID: 37919525 PMCID: PMC10681900 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived factors are thought to regulate thrombocytosis and erythrocytopenia in individuals with cancer; however, such factors have not yet been identified. Here we show that tumor cell-released kynurenine (Kyn) biases megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitor cell (MEP) differentiation into megakaryocytes in individuals with cancer by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-Runt-related transcription factor 1 (AhR-RUNX1) axis. During tumor growth, large amounts of Kyn from tumor cells are released into the periphery, where they are taken up by MEPs via the transporter SLC7A8. In the cytosol, Kyn binds to and activates AhR, leading to its translocation into the nucleus where AhR transactivates RUNX1, thus regulating MEP differentiation into megakaryocytes. In addition, activated AhR upregulates SLC7A8 in MEPs to induce positive feedback. Importantly, Kyn-AhR-RUNX1-regulated MEP differentiation was demonstrated in both humanized mice and individuals with cancer, providing potential strategies for the prevention of thrombocytosis and erythrocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxiao Wu
- Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yabo Zhou
- Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dianheng Wang
- Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Fu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Qiusha Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Qin
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiadi Lv
- Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyang Lai
- The Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Roland Fiskesund
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China.
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Immunology & National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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188
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Shen Q, Yuan Y, Jin J. [Relationship between Notch signaling pathway and mitochondrial energy metabolism]. Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2023; 35:1321-1326. [PMID: 38149397 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121430-20230719-00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling pathway is a highly conserved signaling pathway in the process of evolution. It is composed of three parts: Notch receptor, ligand and effector molecules responsible for intracellular signal transduction. It plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, development, migration, apoptosis and other processes, and has a regulatory effect on tissue homeostasis and homeostasis. Mitochondria are the sites of oxidative metabolism in eukaryotes, where sugars, fats and proteins are finally oxidized to release energy. In recent years, the regulation of Notch signaling pathway on mitochondrial energy metabolism has attracted more and more attention. A large number of data have shown that Notch signaling pathway has a significant effect on mitochondrial energy metabolism, but the relationship between Notch signaling pathway and mitochondrial energy metabolism needs to be specifically and systematically discussed. In this paper, the relationship between Notch signaling pathway and mitochondrial energy metabolism is reviewed, in order to improve the understanding of them and provide new ideas for the treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen 518034, Guangdong, China. Corresponding author: Jin Jinlan,
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189
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Hemati S, Hatamian-Zarmi A, Halabian R, Ghiasi M, Salimi A. Schizophyllan promotes osteogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10037-10045. [PMID: 37902909 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08877-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioactive polysaccharides are a promising way for bone disease prevention with high efficiency. Schizophyllan (SPG) is a polysaccharide derived from a species of fungus with anticancer, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, for the first time, the cell proliferation, osteogenic markers, mineral deposition, and osteogenic gene expression of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) grown on SPG were evaluated by in vitro assays. METHODS AND RESULTS The cytotoxicity of SPG was measured using the MTT assay and acridine orange staining. Differentiation of hADMSCs was assessed using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, cellular calcium content assay, and mineralized matrix staining. To this end, Alizarin red S, von Kossa staining, and the expression of bone-specific markers, including ALP, Runx2, and osteonectin, were used by real-time RT-PCR over a 2-week period. According to the results, SPG at 10 µg/ml concentration was determined as the optimal dosage for differentiation studies. The results of osteogenic differentiation tests showed that compared to the control groups in vitro, SPG enhanced the osteogenic markers and mineralization as well as upregulation of the expression of bone specific genes in differentiated hADMSCs during differentiation. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that SPG could be applied as effective factor for osteogenic differentiation in the future. The current study provides insights into the hADMSC-based treatment and introduces promising therapeutic material for individuals who suffer from bone defects and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saideh Hemati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashrafalsadat Hatamian-Zarmi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghiasi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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190
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Duan Y, Jin C, Wu Y, Chen Y, Zhang M, Qian J, Shuai T, Li J, Chen H, Li D. CREB1 alleviates the apoptosis and potentiates the osteogenic differentiation of zoledronic acid-treated human periodontal ligament stem cells via up-regulating VEGF. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102223. [PMID: 37776785 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis represents a severe inflammatory illness in tooth supporting tissue. It has been supported that cAMP response element binding protein 1 (CREB1), a common transcription factor, extensively participates in osteogenic differentiation. Here, the current study was to look into the impacts of CREB1 on the process of periodontitis and its possible action mechanism. After human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were challenged with zoledronic acid (ZA), CREB1 expression was examined with RT-qPCR and western blotting. CCK-8 assay appraised cell activity. Following CREB1 elevation or/and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) silencing in ZA-treated PDLSCs, CCK-8 and TUNEL assays separately estimated cell viability and apoptosis. Western blotting tested the expression of apoptosis- and osteogenic differentiation-associated proteins. ALP staining measured PDLSCs osteogenic ability and ARS staining estimated mineralized nodule formation. JASPAR predicted the potential binding of CREB1 with VEGF promoter, which was then testified by ChIP and luciferase reporter assays. RT-qPCR and western blotting tested VEGF expression. CREB1 expression was declined in ZA-exposed PDLSCs and CREB1 elevation exacerbated the viability and osteogenic differentiation while obstructed the apoptosis of PDLSCs. Additionally, CREB1 bond to VEGF promoter and transcriptionally activated VEGF expression. Further, VEGF absence partially stimulated the apoptosis while suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of CREB1-overexpressing PDLSCs treated by ZA. To be concluded, CREB1 might activate VEGF transcription to obstruct the apoptosis while contribute to the osteogenic differentiation of ZA-treated PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Duan
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Chanyuan Jin
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Minjuan Zhang
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jun Qian
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Ting Shuai
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Stomatology, Xiang'An Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, PR China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Department of General Dentistry II, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Dan Li
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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191
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Waxman EA, Dungan LV, DeFlitch LM, Merchant JP, Gagne AL, Goldberg EM, French DL. Reproducible Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Two-Dimensional Cortical Neuron Cultures with Checkpoints for Success. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e948. [PMID: 38148714 PMCID: PMC10753927 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The patterning of excitatory cortical neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is a desired technique for the study of neurodevelopmental disorders, as neurons can be created and compared from control hPSC lines, hPSC lines generated from patients, and CRISPR-modified hPSC lines. Therefore, this technique allows for the examination of disease phenotypes and assists in the development of potential new therapeutics for neurodevelopmental disorders. Many protocols, however, are optimized for use with specific hPSC lines or within a single laboratory, and they often provide insufficient guidance on how to identify positive stages in the differentiation or how to troubleshoot. Here, we present an efficient and reproducible directed differentiation protocol to generate two-dimensional cultures of hPSC-derived excitatory cortical neurons without intermediary embryoid body formation. This novel protocol is supported by our data generated with five independent hPSC lines and in two independent laboratories. Importantly, as neuronal differentiations follow a long time course to reach maturity, we provide extensive guidance regarding morphological and flow cytometry checkpoints allowing for early indications of successful differentiation. We also include extensive troubleshooting tips and support protocols to assist the operator. The goal of this protocol is to assist others in the successful differentiation of excitatory cortical neurons from hPSCs. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Directed differentiation of hPSCs into excitatory cortical neurons Support Protocol 1: Harvesting and fixing cells for flow cytometry analyses Support Protocol 2: Performing flow cytometry analyses Support Protocol 3: Thawing NPCs from a cryopreserved stock Alternate Protocol 1: Continuing Expansion of NPCs Alternate Protocol 2: Treatment of neurons with Ara-C to ablate radial glia Support Protocol 4: Experimental methods for validation of excitatory cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa A. Waxman
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Epilepsy and NeuroDevelopmental Disorders (ENDD), The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lea V. Dungan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Epilepsy and NeuroDevelopmental Disorders (ENDD), The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leah M. DeFlitch
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie P. Merchant
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alyssa L. Gagne
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ethan M. Goldberg
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Deborah L. French
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Epilepsy and NeuroDevelopmental Disorders (ENDD), The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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192
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Abstract
Periodontium is the rally of soft and hard tissues, which will be devastated continuously by the compromise of periodontitis. Current periodontal therapeutic methods cannot effectively reconstruct periodontal ligament (PDL), which is oriented at an angle with tooth root and combined hard tissues to form cementum-PDL-alveolar bone complex. Hence, it is urgent to find new techniques for PDL reconstruction to achieve functional regeneration of periodontium. Herein, we developed a novel method to manipulate the distribution and growth of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) by utilizing highly paralleled static magnetic field (SMF) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). PDLSCs were incubated with MNPs in vitro to label with them. Meanwhile, CCK8 and live/dead cell staining assay were used to detect the impact of SMF and MNPs on cell viability. The directional migration and growth of PDLSCs were visualized under microscope. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR and western blot were utilized to calculate the expression level of PDL-related genes. The results showed that PDLSCs could rapidly take up MNPs without compromising cell proliferation and viability, consequently endowed with the ability to respond via magnetic force. The cell migration analysis indicated that PDLSCs could move along the magnetic induction line, testifying that SMF exerted forces on PDLSCs that labeled with MNPs. It was demonstrated that collective application of SMF and MNPs not only induced PDLSCs organized and grew directionally, but also initiated elongation of cells and nucleus. Furthermore, the morphological alteration of the nucleus could also effectively enhance the gene and protein expression of Collagen Ⅰα2, Collagen Ⅲ, and Periostin, suggesting the capability of PDLSCs to differentiate into PDL. In conclusion, this study exhibits a new approach for directional reconstruction of PDL to obtain physiological and functional regeneration of periodontium. The Clinical Trial Registration number: WCHSIRB-D-2022-458.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Li
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yafei Wu
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Shujuan Guo
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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193
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Zhang G, Xie XX, Zhang SE, Zhang FL, Li CX, Qiao T, Dyce PW, Feng XL, Lin WB, Sun QC, Shen W, Cheng SF. Induced differentiation of primordial germ cell like cells from SOX9 + porcine skin derived stem cells. Theriogenology 2023; 212:129-139. [PMID: 37717516 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms behind porcine primordial germ cell like cells (pPGCLCs) development, differentiation, and gametogenesis is crucial in the treatment of infertility. In this study, SOX9+ skin derived stem cells (SOX9+ SDSCs) were isolated from fetal porcine skin and a high-purity SOX9+ SDSCs population was obtained. The SOX9+ SDSCs were induced to transdifferentiate into PGCLCs during 8 days of cultured. The results of RNA-seq, western blot and immunofluorescence staining verified SDSCs have the potential to transdifferentiate into PGCLCs from aspects of transcription factor activation, germ layer differentiation, energy metabolism, and epigenetic changes. Both adherent and suspended cells were collected. The adherent cells were found to be very similar to early porcine primordial germ cells (pPGCs). The suspended cells resembled late stage pPGCs and had a potential to enter meiotic process. This SDSCs culture-induced in vitro model is expected to provide suitable donor cells for stem cell transplantation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xin-Xiang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shu-Er Zhang
- Animal Husbandry General Station of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250010, China
| | - Fa-Li Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Tian Qiao
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Paul W Dyce
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Xin-Lei Feng
- Shandong Animal Products Quality and Safety Center, Jinan, 250010, China
| | - Wei-Bo Lin
- Animal Husbandry Development Center of Changyi City, Weifang, 261300, China
| | - Qi-Cheng Sun
- School of Finance, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Shun-Feng Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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194
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Lee WH, Hong KJ, Li H, Lee GR. Transcription Factor Id1 Plays an Essential Role in Th9 Cell Differentiation by Inhibiting Tcf3 and Tcf4. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2305527. [PMID: 37867222 PMCID: PMC10724384 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
T helper type 9 (Th9) cells play important roles in immune responses by producing interleukin-9 (IL-9). Several transcription factors are responsible for Th9 cell differentiation; however, transcriptional regulation of Th9 cells is not fully understood. Here, it is shown that Id1 is an essential transcriptional regulator of Th9 cell differentiation. Id1 is induced by IL-4 and TGF-β. Id1-deficient naïve CD4 T cells fail to differentiate into Th9 cells, and overexpression of Id1 induce expression of IL-9. Mass spectrometry analysis reveals that Id1 interacts with Tcf3 and Tcf4 in Th9 cells. In addition, RNA-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and transient reporter assay reveal that Tcf3 and Tcf4 bind to the promoter region of the Il9 gene to suppress its expression, and that Id1 inhibits their function, leading to Th9 differentiation. Finally, Id1-deficient Th9 cells ameliorate airway inflammation in an animal model of asthma. Thus, Id1 is a transcription factor that plays an essential role in Th9 cell differentiation by inhibiting Tcf3 and Tcf4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Ho Lee
- Department of Life ScienceSogang University35 Baekbeom‐roMapo‐guSeoul04107South Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Hong
- Department of Life ScienceSogang University35 Baekbeom‐roMapo‐guSeoul04107South Korea
| | - Hua‐Bing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine280 Chongqing South Rd, Building #5‐602Shanghai200025China
| | - Gap Ryol Lee
- Department of Life ScienceSogang University35 Baekbeom‐roMapo‐guSeoul04107South Korea
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195
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Strong CE, Zhang J, Carrasco M, Kundu S, Boutin M, Vishwasrao HD, Liu J, Medina A, Chen YC, Wilson K, Lee EM, Ferrer M. Functional brain region-specific neural spheroids for modeling neurological diseases and therapeutics screening. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1211. [PMID: 38017066 PMCID: PMC10684574 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
3D spheroids have emerged as powerful drug discovery tools given their high-throughput screening (HTS) compatibility. Here, we describe a method for generating functional neural spheroids by cell-aggregation of differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons and astrocytes at cell type compositions mimicking specific regions of the human brain. Recordings of intracellular calcium oscillations were used as functional assays, and the utility of this spheroids system was shown through disease modeling, drug testing, and formation of assembloids to model neurocircuitry. As a proof of concept, we generated spheroids incorporating neurons with Alzheimer's disease-associated alleles, as well as opioid use disorder modeling spheroids induced by chronic treatment of a mu-opioid receptor agonist. We reversed baseline functional deficits in each pilot disease model with clinically approved treatments and showed that assembloid activity can be chemogenetically manipulated. Here, we lay the groundwork for brain region-specific neural spheroids as a robust functional assay platform for HTS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Strong
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jiajing Zhang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Martin Carrasco
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Srikanya Kundu
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Molly Boutin
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Harshad D Vishwasrao
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Angelica Medina
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Kelli Wilson
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Emily M Lee
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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196
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Quintero M, Bangi E. Disruptions in cell fate decisions and transformed enteroendocrine cells drive intestinal tumorigenesis in Drosophila. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113370. [PMID: 37924517 PMCID: PMC10841758 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most epithelial tissues are maintained by stem cells that produce the different cell lineages required for proper tissue function. Constant communication between different cell types ensures precise regulation of stem cell behavior and cell fate decisions. These cell-cell interactions are often disrupted during tumorigenesis, but mechanisms by which they are co-opted to support tumor growth in different genetic contexts are poorly understood. Here, we introduce PromoterSwitch, a genetic platform we established to generate large, transformed clones derived from individual adult Drosophila intestinal stem/progenitor cells. We show that cancer-driving genetic alterations representing common colon tumor genome landscapes disrupt cell fate decisions within transformed tissue and result in the emergence of abnormal cell fates. We also show that transformed enteroendocrine cells, a differentiated, hormone-secreting cell lineage, support tumor growth by regulating intestinal stem cell proliferation through multiple genotype-dependent mechanisms, which represent potential vulnerabilities that could be exploited for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Quintero
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Erdem Bangi
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA.
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197
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He YF, Wang XL, Deng SP, Wang YL, Huang QQ, Lin S, Lyu GR. Latest progress in low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for studying exosomes derived from stem/progenitor cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1286900. [PMID: 38089611 PMCID: PMC10715436 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1286900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have self-renewal, replication, and multidirectional differentiation potential, while progenitor cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent or specialized stem cells. Stem/progenitor cells secrete various factors, such as cytokines, exosomes, non-coding RNAs, and proteins, and have a wide range of applications in regenerative medicine. However, therapies based on stem cells and their secreted exosomes present limitations, such as insufficient source materials, mature differentiation, and low transplantation success rates, and methods addressing these problems are urgently required. Ultrasound is gaining increasing attention as an emerging technology. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has mechanical, thermal, and cavitation effects and produces vibrational stimuli that can lead to a series of biochemical changes in organs, tissues, and cells, such as the release of extracellular bodies, cytokines, and other signals. These changes can alter the cellular microenvironment and affect biological behaviors, such as cell differentiation and proliferation. Here, we discuss the effects of LIPUS on the biological functions of stem/progenitor cells, exosomes, and non-coding RNAs, alterations involved in related pathways, various emerging applications, and future perspectives. We review the roles and mechanisms of LIPUS in stem/progenitor cells and exosomes with the aim of providing a deeper understanding of LIPUS and promoting research and development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-fang He
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xia-li Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Departments of Medical Imaging, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shuang-ping Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yan-li Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qing-qing Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guo-rong Lyu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Departments of Medical Imaging, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China
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198
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Qin Y, Liu T, Zhang Z, Xing S, Gong L, Ni Y. Scleral remodeling in early adulthood: the role of FGF-2. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20779. [PMID: 38012225 PMCID: PMC10682392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emmetropization, a natural process of ocular elongation, is closely associated with scleral remodeling. The Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) was reported involved in scleral remodeling in myopia models. Herein, we aimed to investigate the role of scleral fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and FGF-2 in scleral remodeling during maturation. Our findings revealed that the posterior scleral fibroblasts (SFs) from mature guinea pigs exhibit increased stiffness compared to those from young guinea pigs. Moreover, mature SFs displayed decreased cell proliferation but increased levels of α-SMA, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), and collagen 1, when compared to young SFs. Additionally, the mRNA expression of scleral Fgf-2, Fgf receptor 1 (Fgfr1), Fgfr2, Fgfr3, and Fgfr4 was increased in mature SFs. Notably, exogenous FGF-2 showed increased cell proliferation and led to decreased expression of α-SMA, MMP2, and collagen 1 in mature SFs. Overall, our findings highlight the influence of maturation on SFs from posterior scleral shells, resulting in increased stiffness and the manifestation of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation during development. Exogenous FGF-2 increased cell proliferation and reversed the age-related fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation, suggesting a potential role of FGF-2 in regulating scleral remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54S Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Taixiang Liu
- Guizhou Ophthalmic Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Zhaotian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54S Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shuwen Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54S Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li Gong
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135W Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Yao Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54S Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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199
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Mitaka T, Ichinohe N, Tanimizu N. "Small Hepatocytes" in the Liver. Cells 2023; 12:2718. [PMID: 38067145 PMCID: PMC10705974 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mature hepatocytes (MHs) in an adult rodent liver are categorized into the following three subpopulations based on their proliferative capability: type I cells (MH-I), which are committed progenitor cells that possess a high growth capability and basal hepatocytic functions; type II cells (MH-II), which possess a limited proliferative capability; and type III cells (MH-III), which lose the ability to divide (replicative senescence) and reach the final differentiated state. These subpopulations may explain the liver's development and growth after birth. Generally, small-sized hepatocytes emerge in mammal livers. The cells are characterized by being morphologically identical to hepatocytes except for their size, which is substantially smaller than that of ordinary MHs. We initially discovered small hepatocytes (SHs) in the primary culture of rat hepatocytes. We believe that SHs are derived from MH-I and play a role as hepatocytic progenitors to supply MHs. The population of MH-I (SHs) is distributed in the whole lobules, a part of which possesses a self-renewal capability, and decreases with age. Conversely, injured livers of experimental models and clinical cases showed the emergence of SHs. Studies demonstrate the involvement of SHs in liver regeneration. SHs that appeared in the injured livers are not a pure population but a mixture of two distinct origins, MH-derived and hepatic-stem-cell-derived cells. The predominant cell-derived SHs depend on the proliferative capability of the remaining MHs after the injury. This review will focus on the SHs that appeared in the liver and discuss the significance of SHs in liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Mitaka
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
| | - Norihisa Ichinohe
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
| | - Naoki Tanimizu
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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200
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Gardner OFW, Zhang Y, Khan IM. BMP9 is a potent inducer of chondrogenesis, volumetric expansion and collagen type II accumulation in bovine auricular cartilage chondroprogenitors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294761. [PMID: 37992123 PMCID: PMC10664884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of the outer ear currently requires harvesting of cartilage from the posterior of the auricle or ribs leading to pain and donor site morbidity. An alternative source for auricular reconstruction is in vitro tissue engineered cartilage using stem/progenitor cells. Several candidate cell-types have been studied with tissue-specific auricular cartilage progenitor cells (AuCPC) of particular interest. Whilst chondrogenic differentiation of competent stem cells using growth factor TGFβ1 produces cartilage this tissue is frequently fibrocartilaginous and lacks the morphological features of hyaline cartilage. Recent work has shown that growth factor BMP9 is a potent chondrogenic and morphogenetic factor for articular cartilage progenitor cells, and we hypothesised that this property extends to cartilage-derived progenitors from other tissues. In this study we show monoclonal populations of AuCPCs from immature and mature bovine cartilage cultured with BMP9 produced cartilage pellets have 3-5-fold greater surface area in sections than those grown with TGFβ1. Increased volumetric growth using BMP9 was due to greater sGAG deposition in immature pellets and significantly greater collagen accumulation in both immature and mature progenitor pellets. Polarised light microscopy and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the organisation of collagen fibrils within pellets is an important factor in the growth of pellets. Additionally, chondrocytes in BMP9 stimulated cell pellets had larger lacunae and were more evenly dispersed throughout the extracellular matrix. Interestingly, BMP9 tended to normalise the response of immature AuCPC monoclonal cell lines to differentiation cues whereas cells exhibited more variation under TGFβ1. In conclusion, BMP9 appears to be a potent inducer of chondrogenesis and volumetric growth for AuCPCs a property that can be exploited for tissue engineering strategies for reconstructive surgery though with the caveat of negligible elastin production following 21-day treatment with either growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver F. W. Gardner
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Yadan Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Ilyas M. Khan
- Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Wales, United Kingdom
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