151
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Zhao JY, Zhou LJ, Ma KL, Hao R, Li M. MHO or MUO? White adipose tissue remodeling. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13691. [PMID: 38186200 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we delve into the intricate relationship between white adipose tissue (WAT) remodeling and metabolic aspects in obesity, with a specific focus on individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). WAT is a highly heterogeneous, plastic, and dynamically secreting endocrine and immune organ. WAT remodeling plays a crucial role in metabolic health, involving expansion mode, microenvironment, phenotype, and distribution. In individuals with MHO, WAT remodeling is beneficial, reducing ectopic fat deposition and insulin resistance (IR) through mechanisms like increased adipocyte hyperplasia, anti-inflammatory microenvironment, appropriate extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, appropriate vascularization, enhanced WAT browning, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SWAT) deposition. Conversely, for those with MUO, WAT remodeling leads to ectopic fat deposition and IR, causing metabolic dysregulation. This process involves adipocyte hypertrophy, disrupted vascularization, heightened pro-inflammatory microenvironment, enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT) whitening, and accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VWAT) deposition. The review underscores the pivotal importance of intervening in WAT remodeling to hinder the transition from MHO to MUO. This insight is valuable for tailoring personalized and effective management strategies for patients with obesity in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yi Zhao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Juan Zhou
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Le Ma
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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152
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de Luis D, Primo D, Izaola O, Gomez JJL. Relationship between adiponectin and muscle mass in patients with metabolic syndrome and obesity. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108706. [PMID: 38490125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin is one of the most important adipokines in human beings. Obesity and sarcopenia are associated with a low-level chronic inflammatory status, and adiponectin plays an anti-inflammatory role. AIMS The objective of the current work was to study the association between muscle mass, determined via bioelectrical impedance (BIA), and circulating adiponectin levels among obese patients with metabolic syndrome who are older than 60 years of age. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study incorporating 651 patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Anthropometric data, BIA data (total fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), fat-free mass index (FFMi), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMMi)), arterial pressure, HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), and biochemical parameters were recorded. RESULTS The patients were separated into two groups based on their median SMMi (skeletal muscle mass index) levels. The low-SMMi group presented adiponectin levels that were higher than those in the high-SMMi group (delta value: 4.8 + 0.7 ng/dl: p = 0.02). Serum adiponectin values were negatively correlated with fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), fat-free mass index (FFMi), SMM, and SMMi. Adiponectin presented a negative correlation with HOMA-IR and a positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol. In the final multivariate model using SMMi as a dependent variable, adiponectin levels explained 18 % of the variability (Beta -0.49, CI95% -0.89 to -0.16) after adjusting for age and gender. CONCLUSIONS Serum adiponectin levels are negatively associated with low skeletal muscle mass among obese subjects with metabolic syndrome who are older than 60 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel de Luis
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Medicine School, Hospital Clinico Universitario, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - David Primo
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Medicine School, Hospital Clinico Universitario, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Olatz Izaola
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Medicine School, Hospital Clinico Universitario, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan José Lopez Gomez
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Medicine School, Hospital Clinico Universitario, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
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153
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Al Gharrash A, Schricker T. Comment on "In reply: Comment on 'Strategies for intraoperative glucose management: a scoping review'". Can J Anaesth 2024; 71:557-558. [PMID: 38459366 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-024-02710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Schricker
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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154
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Kuryłowicz A, Babicki M, Wąsowski M, Jankowski P, Kapusta J, Chudzik M. Triglicerydes/high-density lipoprotein ratio as a risk factor of post-Covid-19 sinus tachycardia: A retrospective study. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29586. [PMID: 38587173 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) is one of the manifestations of the post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), which pathogenesis remains largely unknown. This study aimed to identify potential risk factors for IST in individuals with PCS. The 1349 patients with PCS were included into the study. Clinical examination, 24H Holter ECG, 24H ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and biochemical tests were performed 12-16 weeks after the COVID-19 in all participants. IST was found in 69 (3.5%) individuals. In the clinical assessment IST patients were characterized by a higher age (p < 0.001) and lower prevalence of the diagnosed hypertension (p = 0.012), compared to remaining patients. Biochemical testing showed higher serum triglycerides (1.66 vs. 1.31 pmol/L, p = 0.007) and higher prevalence of a low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (24.6% vs. 15.2%, p = 0.035) in the IST group. Subsequently, the triglicerydes (TG)/HDL ratio, an indicator of insulin resistance, was significantly higher in the IST individuals (3.2 vs. 2.4, p = 0.005). 24H monitoring revealed a significantly higher minimum diastolic, maximum systolic and mean arterial blood pressure values in the IST group (p < 0.001 for all), suggesting a high prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension. A multivariate analysis confirmed the predictive value TG/HDL ratio >3 (OR 2.67, p < 0.001) as predictors of IST development. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the relationship between the TG/HDL ratio and the IST risk showed that the predictive cut-off point for this parameter was 2.46 (area under the ROC curve = 0.600, p = 0.004). Based on these findings, one can conclude that insulin resistance seems to be a risk factor of IST, a common component of PCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kuryłowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Science Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Babicki
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michał Wąsowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Jankowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kapusta
- Department of Internal Diseases, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Chudzik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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155
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Guo D, Zhang C, Zhang M, Wu Z, Liu X, Zhang Y, Liu L, Sun M, Yang J. Metabolic score for insulin resistance predicts major adverse cardiovascular event in premature coronary artery disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6364-6383. [PMID: 38568104 PMCID: PMC11042949 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) index serves as a simple surrogate marker for insulin resistance (IR) and is associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the prognostic significance of METS-IR in patients with premature CAD remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of METS-IR in premature CAD. METHODS This retrospective study included 582 patients diagnosed with premature CAD between December 2012 and July 2019. The median follow-up duration was 63 months (interquartile range, 44-81 months). The primary endpoint was Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE), defined as a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), repeat coronary artery revascularization, and non-fatal stroke. RESULTS Patients with MACE had significantly higher METS-IR levels than those without MACE (44.88±8.11 vs. 41.68±6.87, p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival curves based on METS-IR tertiles demonstrated a statistically significant difference (log-rank test, p<0.001). In the fully adjusted model, the Hazard Ratio (95% CI) for MACE was 1.41 (1.16-1.72) per SD increase in METS-IR, and the P for trend based on METS-IR tertiles was 0.001 for MACE. Time-dependent Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis of METS-IR yielded an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.74 at 2 years, 0.69 at 4 years, and 0.63 at 6 years. CONCLUSIONS METS-IR serves as a reliable prognostic predictor of MACE in patients with premature CAD. Therefore, METS-IR may be considered a novel, cost-effective, and dependable indicator for risk stratification and early intervention in premature CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachuan Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiyang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Mingyan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, People Hospital of Huantai County, Zibo, China
| | - Yerui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meili Sun
- Department of Cardiology, People Hospital of Huantai County, Zibo, China
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Shandong First Medical University, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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156
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Uzawa M, Koda K, Kimura H, Kimura R, Ito Y, Saito A, Motomura N, Kitamura T. Time course changes in insulin sensitivity during cardiac surgery: A retrospective study on intraoperative glycemic management using an artificial pancreas. Perfusion 2024; 39:593-602. [PMID: 36757374 DOI: 10.1177/02676591231156366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycemic control is essential for improving the prognosis of cardiac surgery, although precise recommendations have not yet been established. Under a constant blood glucose level, the insulin infusion rate correlates with insulin resistance during glycemic control using an artificial pancreas (AP). We conducted this retrospective study to elucidate changes in intraoperative insulin sensitivity as a first step to creating glycemic control guidelines. METHODS Fifty-five cardiac surgery patients at our hospital who underwent intraoperative glycemic control using an AP were enrolled. Twenty-three patients undergoing surgical procedures requiring cardiac arrest under hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with minimum rectal temperatures lower than 32°C, 13 patients undergoing surgical procedures requiring cardiac arrest under hypothermic CPB with minimum rectal temperatures of 32°C, eight patients undergoing on-pump beating coronary artery bypass grafting and 11 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass were assigned to groups A, B, C and D, respectively. We analyzed the time course of changes in the data derived from glycemic control using the AP. RESULTS Significant time course changes were observed in groups A and B, but not in groups C and D. Insulin resistance was induced after the start of hypothermic CPB in groups A and B, and the induced change was not resolved by the rewarming procedure, remaining sustained until the end of surgery. CONCLUSIONS Hypothermia is the predominant factor of the induced insulin resistance during cardiac surgery. Thus, careful glycemic management during hypothermic CPB is important. Prospective clinical studies are required to confirm the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Uzawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Koda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Haruka Kimura
- Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rie Kimura
- Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuya Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aya Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noboru Motomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kitamura
- Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
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157
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Pedersen MGB, Rittig N, Bangshaab M, Berg-Hansen K, Gopalasingam N, Gormsen LC, Søndergaard E, Møller N. Effects of exogenous lactate on lipid, protein, and glucose metabolism-a randomized crossover trial in healthy males. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E443-E453. [PMID: 38324259 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00301.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Lactate may inhibit lipolysis and thus enhance insulin sensitivity, but there is a lack of metabolic human studies. This study aimed to determine how hyperlactatemia affects lipolysis, glucose- and protein metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in healthy men. In a single-blind, randomized, crossover design, eight healthy men were studied after an overnight fast on two occasions: 1) during a sodium-lactate infusion (LAC) and 2) during a sodium-matched NaCl infusion (CTR). Both days consisted of a 3-h postabsorptive period followed by a 3-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC). Lipolysis rate, endogenous glucose production (EGP), and delta glucose rate of disappearance (ΔRdglu) were evaluated using [9,10-3H]palmitate and [3-3H]glucose tracers. In addition, whole body- and forearm protein metabolism was assessed using [15N]phenylalanine, [2H4]tyrosine, [15N]tyrosine, and [13C]urea tracers. In the postabsorptive period, plasma lactate increased to 2.7 ± 0.5 mmol/L during LAC vs. 0.6 ± 0.3 mmol/L during CTR (P < 0.001). In the postabsorptive period, palmitate flux was 30% lower during LAC compared with CTR (84 ± 32 µmol/min vs. 120 ± 35 µmol/min, P = 0.003). During the HEC, palmitate flux was suppressed similarly during both interventions (P = 0.7). EGP, ΔRdglu, and M value were similar during LAC and CTR. During HEC, LAC increased whole body phenylalanine flux (P = 0.02) and protein synthesis (P = 0.03) compared with CTR; LAC did not affect forearm protein metabolism compared with CTR. Lactate infusion inhibited lipolysis by 30% under postabsorptive conditions but did not affect glucose metabolism or improve insulin sensitivity. In addition, whole body phenylalanine flux was increased. Clinical trial registrations: NCT04710875.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Lactate is a decisive intermediary metabolite, serving as an energy substrate and a signaling molecule. The present study examines the effects of lactate on substrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity in healthy males. Hyperlactatemia reduces lipolysis by 30% without affecting insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. In addition, hyperlactatemia increases whole body amino acid turnover rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette G B Pedersen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Rittig
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maj Bangshaab
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Lars C Gormsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Søndergaard
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Møller
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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158
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Santos RKF, Costa SSLD, Santos SHD, Rocha VDS, Silva AMDOE, Pires LV. Association between circulating micronutrient pattern, glycemic control, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biometals 2024; 37:527-537. [PMID: 38197982 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The circulating micronutrient pattern in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may impact glycemic control and insulin resistance; however, there is a scarcity of studies that have evaluated the circulating micronutrient pattern in the T2DM population. Therefore, our objective was to identify circulating micronutrient pattern and their association with markers of glycemic control and insulin resistance in individuals with T2DM. We developed a cross-sectional observational study involving adults with T2DM in Sergipe, Brazil. We assessed plasma levels of magnesium, zinc, calcium, potassium, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Additionally, also measured fasting glucose levels, the percentage of glycated hemoglobin (%HbA1c), and calculated the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Patterns of body reserve were established using principal component analysis and categorized into quartiles. Binary logistic regression models were employed. We evaluated 114 individuals (63.7% women), with a median age and body mass index of 49 years and 29.6 kg/m², respectively. Two circulating micronutrient patterns were identified, explaining 62.5% of the variance: Pattern 1 (positive contributions from magnesium, zinc, calcium, and potassium) and Pattern 2 (positive contributions from 25-hydroxyvitamin D and zinc, with a negative contribution from potassium). Lowest quartile for Pattern 1 and Pattern 2 exhibiting a 4.32-fold (p = 0.019) and 3.97-fold (p = 0.038) higher likelihood of increasing HOMA-IR and %HbA1c values, respectively, compared to the larger quartiles. However, no associations were found between these patterns and fasting glucose values. Lowest quartile for both patterns of micronutrients was associated with inadequate metabolic control in individuals with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramara Kadija Fonseca Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Samir Hipólito Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Mara de Oliveira E Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenida Marcelo Deda Chagas, S/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49107-230, Brazil
| | - Liliane Viana Pires
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenida Marcelo Deda Chagas, S/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49107-230, Brazil.
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159
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Riley TM, Kris-Etherton PM, Hart TL, Petersen KS. Intake of Pistachios as a Nighttime Snack Has Similar Effects on Short- and Longer-Term Glycemic Control Compared with Education to Consume 1-2 Carbohydrate Exchanges in Adults with Prediabetes: A 12-Wk Randomized Crossover Trial. J Nutr 2024; 154:1219-1231. [PMID: 38278217 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nut intake is associated with better glycemic control and lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It remains unclear if nut intake timing affects glycemic control and CVD risk factors. Intake of pistachios as a nighttime snack may attenuate morning glucose production and lower fasting plasma glucose (FPG). OBJECTIVES We assessed the effects of a nighttime (after dinner and before bedtime) pistachio snack (57 g/d) on glycemic control markers, vascular health, lipids/lipoproteins, and diet quality compared with education to consume 1-2 carbohydrate (CHO) exchanges (usual care) in individuals with prediabetes. METHODS A 2-period, randomized crossover trial was conducted. Participants were provided 57 g/d of dry roasted unsalted pistachios (319 kcal; fat 26 g; CHO 16 g; protein 12 g; fiber 6 g) as a nighttime snack or received usual care for 12 wk. Primary (FPG) and secondary outcomes [hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids/lipoproteins, vascular health, and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015)] were measured before and after each condition. RESULTS A total of 66 participants (50.9 ± 11.6 y, FPG: 106.2 ± 6.4 mg/dL) were randomly assigned, and 51 participants completed the trial. No between-condition differences in FPG {0.9 mg/dL [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.2, 3.1]}, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipids/lipoproteins, blood pressure, or vascular health were observed. The HEI-2015 score was higher after the pistachio condition [6.8 points (95% CI: 1.5, 12.1)] than after usual care driven by higher component scores for seafood and plant proteins [2.0 points (95% CI: 1.0, 2.9)], refined grains [2.3 points (95% CI: 1.1, 3.5)], and the fatty acid ratio [1.7 points (95% CI: 0.0, 3.5)]. CONCLUSIONS In adults with prediabetes, consuming 57 g/d of pistachios as a nighttime snack increased diet quality but had similar effects on glycemic markers, lipids/lipoproteins, blood pressure, and vascular health compared with the usual care comparator. Pistachios may be a healthful alternative to carbohydrate-rich nighttime snacks to increase alignment with Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04056208.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrence M Riley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Tricia L Hart
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Kristina S Petersen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
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Ragland TJ, Malin SK. Exercise increases TCA intermediate concentrations during low-calorie diet independent of insulin resistance among women with obesity. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15987. [PMID: 38561248 PMCID: PMC10984826 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (TCAi) have been proposed to act as myokines that influence energy metabolism. We determined if 2-weeks of low-calorie diet with interval exercise (LCD + INT) would increase TCAi more than a low-calorie diet (LCD). Twenty-three women were randomized to 2-weeks of LCD (n = 12, 48.4 ± 2.5 years, 37.8 ± 1.5 kg/m2, ~1200 kcal/d) or LCD + INT (n = 11, 47.6 ± 4.3 years, 37.9 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 60 min/d supervised INT of 3 min 90% & 50% HRpeak). TCAi and amino acids (AA) were measured at 0 min of a 75 g OGTT, while glucose, insulin, and FFA were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min to assess total area under the curve (tAUC180min) and insulin resistance (IR; tAUC180min of Glucose × Insulin). Fuel use (indirect calorimetry) was also collected at 0, 60, 120, and 180 min as was fitness (VO2peak) and body composition (BodPod). Treatments reduced weight (p < 0.001), fasting RER (p = 0.01), and IR (p = 0.03), although LCD + INT increased VO2peak (p = 0.02) and maintained RER tAUC180min (p = 0.05) versus LCD. Treatments increased FFA tAUC180min (p = 0.005), cis-aconitate, isocitrate, and succinate (p ≤ 0.02), as well as reduced phenylalanine and tryptophan, cysteine (p ≤ 0.005). However, LCD + INT increased malate, citrate, α-ketoglutarate, and alanine more than LCD (p ≤ 0.04). Thus, INT enhanced LCD effects on some TCAi in women with obesity independent of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan J. Ragland
- Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationPittsburg State UniversityPittsburgKansasUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & NutritionRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- New Jersey Institute for FoodNutrition and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and ScienceRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
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161
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Wang Z, Van Faassen M, Groen H, Cantineau AEP, Van Oers A, Van der Veen A, Hawley JM, Keevil BG, Kema IP, Hoek A. Discriminatory Value of Steroid Hormones on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Clustering of Hyperandrogenism and Metabolic Factors. Endocr Pract 2024; 30:348-355. [PMID: 38244859 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We determined (1) if 11-oxygenated androgens better identify polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis in women with obesity compared to total or free testosterone (T) and free androgen index; (2) how biochemical hyperandrogenism and metabolic factors cluster in a cohort of women with infertility and obesity. METHODS Women with obesity and PCOS comprised the study group (N = 132). Ovulatory women with obesity and idiopathic, tubal or male factor infertility were the control group (N = 83). Steroid hormones were measured by means of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Receiver operating characteristic curves and principal component analysis were used. RESULTS Women with obesity and PCOS had higher 11-ketotestosterone (11 KT) (1.22 nmol/L [0.84; 1.65] vs 1.05 [0.78; 1.35], P = .04) compared to controls, but not 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione 4.30 [2.87; 5.92] vs 4.06 [3.22; 5.73], P = .44). 11-ketotestosterone (area under the curve: 0.59) did not better discriminate PCOS in women with obesity compared to: total T (0.84), free T (0.91), and free androgen index (0.85). We identified 4 principal components (PCs) in the PCOS group (72.1% explained variance): (1) insulin resistance status; (2) blood pressure; (3) obesity; (4) androgen status and 4 PCs in the control group (68.7% explained variance) with variables representing metabolism being dispersed in component 2, 3, and 4. CONCLUSIONS Eleven-oxygenated androgens do not aid in the diagnosis of PCOS in women with obesity. Insulin resistance is the strongest PC in the PCOS group. There is no major dominant characteristic that defines obese non-PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Van Faassen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Groen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid E P Cantineau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Van Oers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Van der Veen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James M Hawley
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Brian G Keevil
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Hoek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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162
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Kalmpourtzidou A, Di Napoli I, Vincenti A, De Giuseppe R, Casali PM, Tomasinelli CE, Ferrara F, Tursi F, Cena H. Epicardial fat and insulin resistance in healthy older adults: a cross-sectional analysis. GeroScience 2024; 46:2123-2137. [PMID: 37857994 PMCID: PMC10828363 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are relevant concerns in the elderly population; as the world's population ages, IR and CVD are two universal public health problems. While a link between IR a CVD has been established, the mediating mechanisms are uncertain and rigorous investigations are needed to fully elucidate them. The study aimed at assessing the relationship between epicardial fat (EF), an indicator of cardiovascular risk, and IR in Italian free-living elderly (n = 89). Baseline data from a previous cohort was used. Anthropometric measurements, EF, and IR-related variables, including the HOMA-IR index and other biochemical parameters were obtained. The correlation between EF and IR was explored. Further analysis was conducted to identify significant differences regarding IR variables among EF quartiles. EF correlated positively with glucose levels in females, males and the total population. The pairwise comparison among EF quartiles showed significant differences in glucose levels, HOMA-IR index, triglycerides, and total cholesterol levels. To our knowledge, this is the only study assessing the relationship between EF and IR in healthy elderly, while most of the studies have investigated EF and IR in diseased populations. Further research with a longitudinal approach should be conducted to design concrete conclusions about this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliki Kalmpourtzidou
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Napoli
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vincenti
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Pietro Mariano Casali
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Elena Tomasinelli
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ferrara
- Laboratory Medicine Department - Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Tursi
- Complife Italia s.r.l., Piazzale Siena 11, 20146, Milano, Italy
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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163
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Shan Q, Liu J, Qu F, Chen A, He W. Polychlorinated biphenyls exposure and type 2 diabetes: Molecular mechanism that causes insulin resistance and islet damage. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:2466-2476. [PMID: 38305644 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are typical persistent organic pollutants that have been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in cohort studies. This review aims to comprehensively assess the molecular mechanisms of PCBs-induced T2DM. Recent progress has been made in the research of PCBs in liver tissue, adipose tissue, and other tissues. By influencing the function of nuclear receptors, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), pregnancy X receptor (PXR), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), as well as the inflammatory response, PCBs disrupt the balance of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. This is associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the target organ of insulin. Through androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor α/β (ERα/β), and pancreato-duodenal-homeobox gene-1 (PDX-1), PCBs affect the secretion of insulin and increase blood glucose. Thus, this review is a discussion on the relationship between PCBs exposure and the pathogenesis of T2DM. It is hoped to provide basic concepts for diabetes research and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Fan Qu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Anhui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Resource Development and Quality Safe, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenxing He
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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164
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Mi Y, Wen O, Lei Z, Ge L, Xing L, Xi H. Insulin resistance and osteocalcin associate with the incidence and severity of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing joint replacement. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:421-429. [PMID: 38438300 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM While insulin sensitivity plays an important role in maintaining glucose metabolic homeostasis and cognitive function, its impact on postoperative delirium (POD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between POD and indicators of insulin sensitivity, including insulin resistance and osteocalcin. METHODS A total of 120 elderly patients undergoing joint replacement were recruited and divided into delirium and non-delirium groups. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected for the analysis of biomarkers, including insulin, uncarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), total osteocalcin (tOC), and glucose. Insulin resistance was assessed through the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). MAIN RESULTS Out of the total, 28 patients (23.3%) experienced POD within 5 days after surgery. Patients with delirium exhibited higher levels of preoperative HOMA-IR and ucOC in CSF and plasma, and of tOC in CSF (P = 0.028, P < 0.001, P = 0.005, P = 0.019). After adjusting for variables, including age, Mini-Mental State Examination score, surgical site and preoperative fracture, only preoperative ucOC in CSF and HOMA-IR were significantly linked to the incidence of delirium (OR = 5.940, P = 0.008; OR = 1.208, P = 0.046, respectively), both of which also correlated with the severity of delirium (P = 0.007, P < 0.001). Receiver operating curve analysis indicated that preoperative HOMA-IR and ucOC in CSF might partly predict POD (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.697, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.501-0.775, AUC = 0.745, 95% CI = 0.659-0.860). CONCLUSIONS We observed that preoperative elevated HOMA-IR and ucOC in CSF were associated with the incidence and severity of POD. While these preliminary results need confirmation, they suggest a potential involvement of insulin resistance and osteocalcin in the pathological mechanism of POD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 421-429.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ouyang Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhou Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Long Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - He Xi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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165
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Chenna H, Khelef Y, Halimi I, Yilmaz MA, Çakir O, Djouder C, Tarhan A, Idoughi K, Boumendjel M, Boumendjel A, Messarah M. Potential Hepatoprotective Effect of Matricaria Pubescens on High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302005. [PMID: 38451246 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the phytochemical compounds of Matricaria pubescens by LC-MS/MS and evaluate the potential protective effect of its supplementation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adult rats through modulation of oxidative stress and histopathological changes. Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group served as control and received the standard diet. The second group (HFD) received a high-fat diet only (30 % of sheep fat). The third group's (control+MP) animals received a standard diet supplemented with 5 % M. pubescens (w/w). The fourth group (HFD+MP) received a high-fat diet supplemented with 5 % M. pubescens for 16 weeks. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that M. pubescens contains many phytochemical compounds. It was observed that the ethanolic extract of M. pubescens has a higher phenolic content than the aqueous extract. The supplementation of M. pubescens (5 % w/w) to HFD rats decreased significantly (p<0.01) body weight, liver and epididymal adipose tissue relative weights, glycemia, triglycerides (TG), insulin resistance, liver markers, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) level, and increased reduced glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activities as well as ameliorated histological alterations through the reduction hepatic lipid deposition and adipocytes hypertrophy compared to the HFD group. We conclude that M. pubescens powder may be effective for correcting hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and liver markers while decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver of high-fat diet-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssem Chenna
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Yahia Khelef
- Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, El Oued University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Imen Halimi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz
- Dicle University Science and Technology Research and Application Center, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Çakir
- Dicle University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Chaouki Djouder
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Abbas Tarhan
- Dicle University Science and Technology Research and Application Center, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Khouloud Idoughi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mahieddine Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Amel Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mahfoud Messarah
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
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166
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Huang X, Zhao Y, Liu T, Wu D, Shu J, Yue W, Zhang W, Liu S. β-Cell Function and Insulin Dynamics in Obese Patients With and Without Diabetes After Sleeve Gastrectomy. Diabetes 2024; 73:572-584. [PMID: 37257028 DOI: 10.2337/db22-1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Improved β-cell function seems to be essential for better glucose homeostasis after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass but is less studied after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). We evaluated the effects of SG on β-cell function in obese patients with diabetes (DM group) and without (control group) in response to both oral and intravenous glucose stimulation. The DM group demonstrated impaired insulin sensitivity and insulin response to glucose before surgery. The insulin sensitivity index of both groups significantly improved after SG. In addition, the insulin response to glucose (early insulinogenic index in oral glucose tolerance test and acute insulin response to glucose in an intravenous glucose tolerance test) increased in the DM group but decreased in the control group. As a result, β-cell function improved significantly in both groups after SG since the disposition index (DI) increased in both. However, the DI of the DM group was not restored to the level of control group up to 1 year after SG. Our results support that obese patients, with and without diabetes, could benefit from SG in β-cell function. For obese patients at risk for or who have been diagnosed with diabetes, interventions should be recommended early to preserve or restore β-cell function, and SG could be an effective choice. Further studies are needed for long-term effects. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Division of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yian Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Division of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaxin Shu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenwen Yue
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaozhuang Liu
- Division of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Rivera CN, Smith CE, Draper LV, Watne RM, Wommack AJ, Vaughan RA. Physiological 4-phenylbutyrate promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism in C2C12 myotubes. Biochimie 2024; 219:155-164. [PMID: 38008282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by elevated circulating blood metabolites such as glucose, insulin, and branched chain amino acids (BCAA), which often coincide with reduced mitochondrial function. 4-Phenylbutyrate (PBA), an ammonia scavenger, has been shown to activate BCAA metabolism, resolve endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and rescue BCAA-mediated insulin resistance. To determine the effect of PBA on the altered metabolic phenotype featured in type 2 diabetes, the present study investigated the effect of PBA on various metabolic parameters including mitochondrial metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. C2C12 myotubes were treated with PBA at 0.5 mM (representing physiologically attainable blood concentrations) or 10 mM (representing physiologically unattainable/proof-of-concept levels) for up to 24 h. Mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism were assessed via oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rate, respectively. Mitochondrial content, lipid content, and ER stress were measured by fluorescent staining. Metabolic gene expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Both doses of PBA increased expression of indicators of mitochondrial biogenesis, though only PBA at 0.5 mM increased mitochondrial function and content while 10 mM PBA reduced mitochondrial function and content. PBA at 0.5 mM also rescued reduced mitochondrial function during insulin resistance, though PBA also caused a reduced insulin stimulated pAkt expression during insulin resistance. PBA treatment also increased extracellular BCAA accumulation during insulin resistance despite unchanged pBCKDH expression. Taken together, PBA may increase mitochondrial biogenesis, content, and function in a dose-dependent fashion which may have implications for prevention or treatment of metabolic disease such as insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline N Rivera
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Carly E Smith
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Lillian V Draper
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Rachel M Watne
- Department of Chemistry, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Andrew J Wommack
- Department of Chemistry, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Roger A Vaughan
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA.
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168
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Abuelazm MT, Mohamed I, Naeem A, Khlidj Y, Tanashat M, Katamesh BE, Abusuilik H, Altobaishat O, Abdelnabi M, Abdelazeem B. Intermittent fasting regimens for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:371-381. [PMID: 38407890 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation. Intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy with the ability to induce weight loss, improve insulin sensitivity and reduce hepatic steatosis. We aim to compare the efficacy of different IF regimens for MASLD management. A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating different IF regimens for MASLD. PubMed , EMBASE , WOS , SCOPUS and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched until 10 April 2023. Analysis was performed using R software with the meta and netmeta packages. Mean difference (MD) was used to pool continuous outcomes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Our meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023418467). Our meta-analysis included eight randomized controlled trials with a total of 635 participants. The 5 : 2 diet significantly improved liver stiffness (MD, -0.32; 95% CI, -0.55 to -0.09; P < 0.01). Time-restricted feeding significantly improved liver steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter score) (MD, -39.83; 95% CI, -64.78 to -14.87; P < 0.01). No significant changes were observed in asparate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, low-density lipoproteins cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, basal metabolic index, blood pressure, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, fasting blood sugar, lean body mass or waist circumference across all IF regimens. However, alternate-day fasting showed positive results in anthropometric measures, including significant improvements in lean body mass, waist circumference, fat mass and weight reduction ( P < 0.05). IF regimens showed various positive effects on clinical outcomes in MASLD patients; however, these effects were not consistent. Therefore, a patient-tailored IF regimen should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Islam Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas, Missouri, USA
| | - Ahmed Naeem
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Yehya Khlidj
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | | | | | | | - Obieda Altobaishat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohamed Abdelnabi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Basel Abdelazeem
- Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University, West Virginia, USA
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Villumsen BR, Frystyk J, Jørgensen MG, Hørdam B, Borre M. Exergaming Improves Cardiac Risk Factors in Prostate Cancer Patients: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Games Health J 2024; 13:93-99. [PMID: 37917926 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2023.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may induce unfavorable changes in metabolic outcomes, insulin sensitivity, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and in serum levels of adipocyte-derived hormones. In this preplanned randomized ancillary study, we aimed to investigate the ability of exercise to counteract alterations in triglyceride, cholesterol, waist circumference, and insulin caused by ADT in men with locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and Methods: Forty-six PCa patients undergoing treatment were randomized to 12 weeks of 180 minutes of weekly unsupervised home-based exergaming or usual care. Blood glucose, lipids, cholesterol, adiponectin, leptin, insulin sensitivity, and the insulin growth factor axis were measured at baseline, and after 12 and 24 weeks. Biomarkers were analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model of the difference between the groups from baseline to week 24. In addition, blood pressure, body mass index, body weight, and waist circumference were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks/end of intervention and analyzed using adjusted linear regression analysis. Results: After 24 weeks, a significant difference was seen between the intervention and usual care groups in plasma triglyceride (diff: 0.5 mmol/L, P = 0.02) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL; diff: 0.2 mmol/L, P = 0.01) favoring the intervention group, whereas IGF-binding protein-3 (diff: 148 μg/L, P = 0.01) favored the usual care group. The remaining outcomes were unaffected. Conclusion: Improvement in HDL cholesterol could be used as a primary biomarker in future randomized controlled trials investigating the cardiovascular protecting properties of exergaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta R Villumsen
- Department of Urology, Gødstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jan Frystyk
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Martin Grønbech Jørgensen
- Department of Geriatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Britta Hørdam
- Department of Political Science, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Michael Borre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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170
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Behnoush AH, Mousavi A, Ghondaghsaz E, Shojaei S, Cannavo A, Khalaji A. The importance of assessing the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) in patients with depression: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105582. [PMID: 38360331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) has been proposed as a potential risk factor for depression, a major common disorder affecting a significant proportion of adults worldwide. Based on this premise, this study systematically investigated all the studies examining the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of IR, in patients with depression or suicidal ideas/attempts. Four online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science) were comprehensively searched. After screening, seven studies were included, comprised of 58,981 participants and 46.4% male. While there were some discrepancies among the reports of studies, most of the included studies reported higher levels of TyG index in patients with depression. Moreover, in most cases, a 1-unit increase in the TyG index was associated with significantly higher odds of depression. At last, higher TyG levels were associated with suicidal ideation and attempts. Therefore, this study emphasizes the critical need to further research in this regard and possibly integrate the TyG index measure with routine depression screening to avoid fatal events in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asma Mousavi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elina Ghondaghsaz
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shayan Shojaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alessandro Cannavo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
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171
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Fu CH, Lee LY, Huang LC, Tsay SL, Chen SC. Psychological insulin resistance and its impact on self-management in type II diabetes mellitus patients treated with insulin therapy. Int J Nurs Pract 2024; 30:e13190. [PMID: 37596927 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Psychological insulin resistance is a common barrier to initiation and persistence with insulin therapy that affects approximately 42.7% of people living with type II diabetes mellitus, which may negatively impact self-management. This study aimed to assess patients' levels of psychological insulin resistance and to identify factors associated with self-management in patients with type II diabetes mellitus treated with insulin therapy. METHODS We adopted a cross-sectional design. Subjects from the metabolism and endocrinology outpatient departments of a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan were recruited by consecutive sampling. Patients were assessed for psychological insulin resistance and self-management using the barriers to insulin treatment questionnaire and the partners in health scale. RESULTS A total of 222 patients with type II diabetes mellitus were recruited. Patients had an average psychological insulin resistance score of 3.14 (maximum of 8). Positive self-management was associated with insulin therapy injection by patient, fewer expectations regarding positive insulin-related outcomes, no diabetes-related complications, less fear of injection and self-testing, no hypoglycaemia within the previous year, and younger age. CONCLUSION Insulin therapy injection by patient and no diabetes-related complications were the most common factors associated with overall self-management and with each domain of self-management in patients with type II diabetes mellitus treated with insulin therapy. Insulin therapy education should be offered to improve patients' beliefs about insulin therapy and enhance patients' ability to perform self-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Hui Fu
- Department of Nursing, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chaiyi, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, YAYEH University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chuan Huang
- Department of Nursing, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Luan Tsay
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, YAYEH University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ching Chen
- School of Nursing and Geriatric and Long-Term Care Research Center, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton and Radiation Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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172
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Sasaki N, Ueno Y, Higashi Y. Indicators of insulin resistance in clinical practice. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:978-980. [PMID: 38177290 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Sasaki
- Health Management and Promotion Center, Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Casualty Council, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Radiation Medical Science, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Ueno
- Health Management and Promotion Center, Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Casualty Council, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Radiation Medical Science, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Kleiboeker B, He A, Tan M, Lu D, Hu D, Liu X, Goodarzi P, Hsu FF, Razani B, Semenkovich CF, Lodhi IJ. Adipose tissue peroxisomal lipid synthesis orchestrates obesity and insulin resistance through LXR-dependent lipogenesis. Mol Metab 2024; 82:101913. [PMID: 38458567 PMCID: PMC10950804 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue mass is maintained by a balance between lipolysis and lipid storage. The contribution of adipose tissue lipogenesis to fat mass, especially in the setting of high-fat feeding, is considered minor. Here we investigated the effect of adipose-specific inactivation of the peroxisomal lipid synthetic protein PexRAP on fatty acid synthase (FASN)-mediated lipogenesis and its impact on adiposity and metabolic homeostasis. METHODS To explore the role of PexRAP in adipose tissue, we metabolically phenotyped mice with adipose-specific knockout of PexRAP. Bulk RNA sequencing was used to determine transcriptomic responses to PexRAP deletion and 14C-malonyl CoA allowed us to measure de novo lipogenic activity in adipose tissue of these mice. In vitro cell culture models were used to elucidate the mechanism of cellular responses to PexRAP deletion. RESULTS Adipose-specific PexRAP deletion promoted diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance through activation of de novo lipogenesis. Mechanistically, PexRAP inactivation inhibited the flux of carbons to ethanolamine plasmalogens. This increased the nuclear PC/PE ratio and promoted cholesterol mislocalization, resulting in activation of liver X receptor (LXR), a nuclear receptor known to be activated by increased intracellular cholesterol. LXR activation led to increased expression of the phospholipid remodeling enzyme LPCAT3 and induced FASN-mediated lipogenesis, which promoted diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS These studies reveal an unexpected role for peroxisome-derived lipids in regulating LXR-dependent lipogenesis and suggest that activation of lipogenesis, combined with dietary lipid overload, exacerbates obesity and metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Kleiboeker
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anyuan He
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Min Tan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dongliang Lu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Donghua Hu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xuejing Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Parniyan Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Irfan J Lodhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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174
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Henson J, Tziannou A, Rowlands AV, Edwardson CL, Hall AP, Davies MJ, Yates T. Twenty-four-hour physical behaviour profiles across type 2 diabetes mellitus subtypes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:1355-1365. [PMID: 38186324 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate how 24-h physical behaviours differ across type 2 diabetes (T2DM) subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included participants living with T2DM, enrolled as part of an ongoing observational study. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 days to quantify physical behaviours across 24 h. We used routinely collected clinical data (age at onset of diabetes, glycated haemoglobin level, homeostatic model assessment index of beta-cell function, homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance, body mass index) to replicate four previously identified subtypes (insulin-deficient diabetes [INS-D], insulin-resistant diabetes [INS-R], obesity-related diabetes [OB] and age-related diabetes [AGE]), via k-means clustering. Differences in physical behaviours across the diabetes subtypes were assessed using generalized linear models, with the AGE cluster as the reference. RESULTS A total of 564 participants were included in this analysis (mean age 63.6 ± 8.4 years, 37.6% female, mean age at diagnosis 53.1 ± 10.0 years). The proportions in each cluster were as follows: INS-D: n = 35, 6.2%; INS-R: n = 88, 15.6%; OB: n = 166, 29.4%; and AGE: n = 275, 48.8%. Compared to the AGE cluster, the OB cluster had a shorter sleep duration (-0.3 h; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.5, -0.1), lower sleep efficiency (-2%; 95% CI -3, -1), lower total physical activity (-2.9 mg; 95% CI -4.3, -1.6) and less time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (-6.6 min; 95% CI -11.4, -1.7), alongside greater sleep variability (17.9 min; 95% CI 8.2, 27.7) and longer sedentary time (31.9 min; 95% CI 10.5, 53.2). Movement intensity during the most active continuous 10 and 30 min of the day was also lower in the OB cluster. CONCLUSIONS In individuals living with T2DM, the OB subtype had the lowest levels of physical activity and least favourable sleep profiles. Such behaviours may be suitable targets for personalized therapeutic lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Henson
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Aikaterina Tziannou
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alex V Rowlands
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew P Hall
- Hanning Sleep Laboratory, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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175
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Mu X, Wu A, Hu H, Yang M, Zhou H. Correlation between alternative insulin resistance indexes and diabetic kidney disease: a retrospective study. Endocrine 2024; 84:136-147. [PMID: 37906402 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between alternative insulin resistance (IR) indexes not reliant on insulin and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) incidence in a newly diagnosed cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of baseline characteristics in a cohort of 521 individuals with T2DM, then followed up on the outcome of DKD. To assess the predictive ability of IR indexes, we compared the performance of four non-insulin-based IR indexes and the homeostasis model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) using logistic regression and consistency-statistics (C-statistics). Furthermore, we computed the net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) to evaluate the additional effects of the indexes. RESULTS The four alternative IR indexes of DKD patients were significantly higher than those of non-DKD. After adjustment for other variables, the highest tertile of all indexes was significantly related to DKD incidence, compared with the lowest tertile. Furthermore, the C-statistics for the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein ratio (TG/HDL) were all 0.652, while triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) were 0.639 and 0.651, respectively. The incorporation of the alternative IR indexes into the baseline model revealed positive additional effects, leading to an improved prediction of the risk for DKD. CONCLUSIONS It was discovered that the alternative IR indexes served as independent risk factors of DKD. Among the four alternative indexes, TyG index and TG/HDL had the best prediction performance for DKD, followed by METS-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodie Mu
- Department of Nephrology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Aihua Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Huiyue Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
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176
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Braga RAM, Bezerra IN, Nogueira MDDA, Souza ADM, Martins GDS, Almondes KGDS, Moreno LA, Maia CSC. Cardiometabolic risk assessment: A school-based study in Brazilian adolescent. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1069-1079. [PMID: 38220511 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recently, new indices combining routine and low-cost anthropometric and biochemical measurements have emerged. Among them, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) are being investigated for the prediction of altered blood pressure (BP) and insulin resistance (IR). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether visceral adiposity index (VAI) and height-corrected lipid accumulation product (HLAP) are predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were obtained from the Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) study, a cross-sectional, national, multicenter, school-based survey conducted between 2013 and 2014 in Brazil. The sample consisted of 37,815 adolescents aged 12-17 years of both genders attending the last 3 years of elementary or secondary school from public and private schools located in 273 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. A Poisson regression was performed to verify associations between VAI and HLAP indices and the presence of altered BP and IR according to sex. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was applied to compare the predictive ability and determine the cut-off points of the VAI and HLAP indices in identifying cardiometabolic risk obtained by altered BP and IR. The prevalences of altered BP and IR were 24.49 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 23.14-25.87) and 24.22 % (95 % CI: 22.70-25.80), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The VAI and HLAP indices are good predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. HLAP showed better performance in identifying insulin resistance in males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilana Nogueira Bezerra
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda de Moura Souza
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luis Alberto Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, School of Health Science (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carla Soraya Costa Maia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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177
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Yigman M, Dogan AE. Effects of Novel Insulin Resistance Indices on Early Renal Functions in Donors. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2024; 34:429-433. [PMID: 38576285 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2024.04.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between quickly calculable new insulin resistance (IR) indices used to evaluate IR in early kidney functions after donor nephrectomy. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive design. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Urology, Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye, between January 2016 and August 2021. METHODOLOGY The preoperative biochemical analyses of patients undergoing open donor nephrectomies and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were recorded in the preoperative and first postoperative month. The IR indices (triglyceride glucose [TyG] index, TyG-body mass index [TyG-BMI], triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio [TG/HDL-C], and metabolic score for IR [METS-IR]) were computed. Additionally, the patients were separated into two categories. Group 1 had a less than 30% decrease in eGFR values in the postoperative first-month period, and group 2 had a more than 30% decrease. The relationship between variables was analysed using the Spearman correlation, and comparisons between groups were analysed using the independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS A total of 107 patients were included in the study. The mean eGFR reduction rate was 31.81 ± 8.87 %. In the correlation analyses, an increase in the rate of decrease in postoperative GFR was associated with higher IR indices, specifically TyG (r = 0.19, p = 0.04), TG/HDL-C (r = 0.21, p = 0.02), and METS-IR (r = 0.21, p = 0.02). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding all the calculated IR indices (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results suggest a possible link between increased IR and postoperative renal function decline. KEY WORDS Insulin resistance, Glomerular filtration rate, Donor nephrectomy, Triglyceride-Glucose index, METS-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Yigman
- Department of Urology, Ankara Etlik Integrated Health Campus, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Ahmet Emin Dogan
- Department of Urology, Ankara Etlik Integrated Health Campus, Ankara, Turkiye
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178
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Trinh B, Rasmussen Rinnov A, Winning Iepsen U, Winding Munch G, Munch Winding K, Lauridsen C, Gluud LL, van Hall G, Ellingsgaard H. Glucose turnover at whole-body and skeletal muscle level in response to parenteral nutrition in male patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 60:240-246. [PMID: 38479917 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cirrhosis is associated with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance, which may be caused by impairments at different tissue levels (liver, skeletal muscle, and/or beta cell). METHODS Here, glucose kinetics at whole-body and skeletal muscle level in patients with cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A and B) were studied during parenteral nutrition using the isotope dilution technique and arteriovenous balance approach across the leg. As opposed to the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp or glucose tolerance tests applied in previous studies, this approach provides a nutrient composition more similar to a normal meal while circumventing any possible portal-systemic shunting, impaired hepatic uptake and incretin effect. RESULTS We confirmed the presence of hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance in our patient population. Endogenous glucose production was less suppressed in response to parenteral nutrition. However, glucose uptake in skeletal muscle was increased. CONCLUSION Our results suggests that in our study participants with cirrhosis, the hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance is compensated for by increased insulin secretion and thus, increased glucose uptake in muscle. Hereby, glucose homeostasis is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beckey Trinh
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
| | - Anders Rasmussen Rinnov
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Winning Iepsen
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital - Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gregers Winding Munch
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Munch Winding
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Carsten Lauridsen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark; Department of Technology, Copenhagen University College, Denmark
| | - Lise Lotte Gluud
- Gastrounit, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Gerrit van Hall
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Facility, Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helga Ellingsgaard
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark
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179
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Cerón-Solano G, Pacheco-López R, Hernández-Ordoñez R, Covarrubias-Noriega A, Vázquez-Morales L, Morin JP. The effect of liposuction versus liposuction with abdominoplasty on insulin resistance in normoglycemic non-obese Mexican females: A prospective cohort study. Cir Esp 2024; 102:194-201. [PMID: 38242232 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have evaluated the effect of liposuction or abdominoplasty on metabolic health, including insulin resistance, with mixed results. Many overweight patients, with no marked obesity, are recommended to undergo liposuction combined with abdominoplasty, but no study has evaluated the effectiveness of combining the two procedures on metabolic health. METHODS The present prospective cohort study compares the metabolic parameters of 2 groups of normoglycemic Hispanic women without obesity. The first group underwent liposuction only (LIPO), while the second group had combined liposuction and abdominoplasty (LIPO + ABDO). RESULTS A total of 31 patients were evaluated, including 13 in the LIPO group and 18 in the LIPO + ABDO group. The 2 groups had similar HOMA-IR before surgery (P > 0.72). When tested 60 days after surgery, women in the LIPO group had similar HOMA-IR compared to their preoperative levels (2.98 ± 0.4 vs 2.70 ± 0.3; P > .20). However, the LIPO+ABDO group showed significantly reduced HOMA-IR values compared to their preoperative levels (2.37 ± 0.2 vs 1.73 ± 0.1; P < .001). In this group, this decrease also positively correlated with their preoperative HOMA-IR (Spearman r = 0.72; P < .001) and, interestingly, we observed a negative correlation between the age of the subjects and the drop in HOMA-IR after surgery (Spearman r = -0.56; P < .05). No changes were observed in the other biochemical parameters that were assessed. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that, when combined with abdominoplasty, liposuction does improve insulin resistance in healthy Hispanic females. More studies are warranted to address this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cerón-Solano
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Pacheco-López
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rubén Hernández-Ordoñez
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Lya Vázquez-Morales
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General Rubén Leñero, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jean-Pascal Morin
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Lee MJ, Kim J. The pathophysiology of visceral adipose tissues in cardiometabolic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116116. [PMID: 38460909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Central pattern of fat distribution, especially fat accumulation within the intraabdominal cavity increases risks for cardiometabolic diseases. Portal hypothesis combined with a pathological remodeling in visceral fat is considered the major etiological factor explaining the independent contribution of visceral obesity to cardiometabolic diseases. Excessive remodeling in visceral fat during development of obesity leads to dysfunctions in the depot, characterized by hypertrophy and death of adipocytes, hypoxia, inflammation, and fibrosis. Dysfunctional visceral fat secretes elevated levels of fatty acids, glycerol, and proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines into the portal vein directly impacting the liver, the central regulator of systemic metabolism. These metabolic and endocrine products induce ectopic fat accumulation, insulin resistance, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver, which in turn causes or exacerbates systemic metabolic derangements. Elucidation of underlying mechanisms that lead to the pathological remodeling and higher degree of dysfunctions in visceral adipose tissue is therefore, critical for the development of therapeutics to prevent deleterious sequelae in obesity. We review depot differences in metabolic and endocrine properties and expendabilities as well as underlying mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiological aspects of visceral adiposity in cardiometabolic diseases. We also discuss impacts of different weight loss interventions on visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jeong Lee
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Jeehoon Kim
- Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminology, Idaho State University, Idaho 83209, USA
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181
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Rocha ALL, Baêta T, Nazareth IR, Costa JM, Caporalli JD, Oliveira MA, Couto MG, Azevedo RC, Comim FV, Oliveira FR, Reis FM, Cândido AL. The role of the visceral adiposity index in the assessment of metabolic syndrome of polycystic ovary syndrome patients: a new anthropometric index. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:1643-1649. [PMID: 38321350 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder often linked to metabolic syndrome (MS), raising the risk of cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Certain indicators, such as the lipid accumulation product (LAP) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), can predict MS in PCOS patients. This study aimed to assess the predictive power of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) in comparison to LAP and HOMA-IR as predictors of MS in PCOS patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional observational study, data from 317 diagnosed PCOS women were analyzed. VAI, LAP, and HOMA-IR were computed as indexes. Participants were categorized into two groups for index accuracy comparison: PCOS patients with and without MS. The data were assessed using a ROC curve. RESULTS Among PCOS women with MS, 92.3% had abnormal VAI results, 94.5% had abnormal LAP results, and only 50.5% had abnormal HOMA-IR results. Conversely, the majority of PCOS women without MS had normal HOMA-IR (64.6%). When comparing these indexes using the ROC curve, VAI displayed the highest accuracy, followed by LAP and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION The VAI index proved to be a superior predictor of metabolic MS in PCOS women when compared to other indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza L Rocha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110 - 9° Andar, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130-100, Brazil.
| | - Thais Baêta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabel R Nazareth
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Julia M Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Julia D Caporalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maraisa A Oliveira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marina G Couto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rosana C Azevedo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fábio V Comim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávia R Oliveira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Reis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana L Cândido
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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182
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McNeil J, Berry NT, Dollar JM, Shriver LH, Keane SP, Shanahan L, Wideman L. Associations of actigraphy-assessed sleep variables with adiposity and serum cardiometabolic outcomes in emerging adults. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14068. [PMID: 37803814 PMCID: PMC10947974 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed associations of actigraphy-assessed sleep with adiposity and serum cardiometabolic outcomes in emerging adults, and whether sex and race modified these associations. Data on 147 emerging adults (age = 19.4 ± 1.3 years; body mass index = 26.4 ± 7.0 kg m-2 ; 59% female; 65% White) from RIGHT Track Health were used. Actigraphy-based sleep measures included sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep timing midpoint, day-to-day sleep duration and sleep timing midpoint variability. Combined sleep duration and sleep timing behaviours were also derived (early-bed/late-rise, early-bed/early-rise, late-bed/late-rise, late-bed/early-rise). Outcomes included body mass index and BodPod-assessed fat mass index, fasting serum leptin, C-reactive protein, and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance. Sleep duration was 5.4 h per night. We noted an inverse association between sleep duration and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance. The early-bed/early-rise group had greater body mass index, C-reactive protein and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance compared with the early-bed/late-rise group (referent). Sex modified associations of sleep efficiency with C-reactive protein; stratified results revealed positive association between sleep efficiency and C-reactive protein in males, but not females. Race modified associations of sleep duration with body mass index and leptin, and of sleep duration variability with C-reactive protein. Stratified analyses revealed inverse associations between sleep duration with body mass index and leptin in Black, multiracial/other race individuals only. Positive association between sleep duration variability and C-reactive protein was noted in White individuals only. Shorter sleep duration, particularly when combined with earlier sleep timing, is associated with greater adiposity and serum cardiometabolic outcomes. Additional studies are needed to assess individual- and contextual-level factors that may contribute to sex and race differences in sleep health and cardiometabolic risk in emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McNeil
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nathaniel T. Berry
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
- Under Armour, Inc., Innovation, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica M. Dollar
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lenka H. Shriver
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susan P. Keane
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lilly Shanahan
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Wideman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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183
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Abdelgani S, Khattab A, Adams J, Baskoy G, Brown M, Clarke G, Larvenenko O, DeFronzo RA, Abdul-Ghani M. Empagliflozin Reduces Liver Fat in Individuals With and Without Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2024; 47:668-675. [PMID: 38295394 PMCID: PMC10973912 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of empagliflozin on liver fat content in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the relationship between the decrease in liver fat and other metabolic actions of empagliflozin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty individuals with T2D and 27 without were randomly assigned to receive in double-blind fashion empagliflozin or matching placebo (2:1 ratio) for 12 weeks. Participants underwent 75-g oral glucose tolerance testing and measurement of liver fat content with MRS before therapy and at study end. Hepatic glucose production before the start of therapy was measured with 3-3H-glucose. RESULTS Empagliflozin caused an absolute reduction of 2.39% ± 0.79% in liver fat content compared with an increase of 0.91% ± 0.64% in participants receiving placebo (P < 0.007 with ANOVA). The decrease in liver fat was comparable in both individuals with diabetes and those without (2.75% ± 0.81% and 1.93% ± 0.78%, respectively; P = NS). The decrease in hepatic fat content caused by empagliflozin was strongly correlated with baseline liver fat content (r = -0.62; P < 0.001), decrease in body weight (r = 0.53; P < 0.001), and improvement in insulin sensitivity (r = -0.51; P < 0.001) but was not related to the decrease in fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c or the increase in hepatic glucose production. CONCLUSIONS Empagliflozin is effective in reducing liver fat content in individuals with and without T2D. The decrease in liver fat content is independent of the decrease in plasma glucose concentration and is strongly related to the decrease in body weight and improvement in insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Abdelgani
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ahmed Khattab
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - John Adams
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Gozde Baskoy
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Marissa Brown
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Geoff Clarke
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Olga Larvenenko
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ralph A. DeFronzo
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Muhammad Abdul-Ghani
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
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Li R, Yang KL, Chen MP, Zhang HB, Mao JF, Li M, Zhu HJ, Wang T, Yang HB. [Type A insulin resistance syndrome complicated with tuberous sclerosis: a case report]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:419-421. [PMID: 38561290 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230713-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - K L Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M P Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H B Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J F Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H J Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H B Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
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Lin TC, Lin KJ, Chiang YJ, Chu SH, Liu KL, Lin CT, Pan PY, Chen SY, Wang JC, Wang HH. Prediction of Early Kidney Transplant Graft Outcome: Insulin Resistance Index. Transplant Proc 2024; 56:550-553. [PMID: 38395658 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2024.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-onset diabetes after transplantation and increased insulin resistance have both been shown to affect graft performance and survival after kidney transplantation. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the predictive roles of different insulin resistance indices on early graft function in kidney transplant recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of non-diabetic patients who received kidney transplantation between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2021. The primary outcome was the predictive role of different insulin resistance indices on early graft function of serum creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The secondary outcome analyzed was the possible clinical predictive factors for poor kidney graft function at 12 months. RESULTS Among 123 kidney transplantation patients, stratification with homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance showed no significant difference in kidney graft function outcome at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. However, patients with a higher insulin-to-glucose ratio exhibited a significantly higher serum creatinine level at 3 and 6 months and a significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate level at 3, 6, and 12 months. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, patients with a higher insulin-to-glucose ratio were associated with a poorer kidney graft function 12 months after transplantation. CONCLUSION Patients with a higher baseline insulin resistance with an insulin-to-glucose ratio ≥of 0.092 exhibited a significantly worse early kidney graft function. Thus, with the identification of patients with increased insulin resistance, early intervention, and preventive measures can be implemented to enhance graft performance further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsu-Chen Lin
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Jen Lin
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Transplant Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Jen Chiang
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Transplant Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsien Chu
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Transplant Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Lin Liu
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Transplant Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Te Lin
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Yen Pan
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Transplant Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Yuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Transplant Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chung Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southampton Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Hsu-Han Wang
- Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Transplant Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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186
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Li L, Xu Z, Jiang L, Zhuang L, Huang J, Liu D, Wu Q. Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Its Correlates: Associations with Serum Creatinine and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Cross-Sectional Study from CHARLS 2011-2015. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024; 22:179-189. [PMID: 38133543 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant global public health challenge, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is widely used due to its convenience, low cost, and broad clinical applicability. Concurrently, insulin resistance (IR) serves as a crucial marker of metabolic disturbance, and alternative indicators have garnered increasing attention in CKD research in recent years. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between IR-related indices (TyG index, TyG-BMI index, and TyG-WC index) and serum creatinine levels, as well as the eGFR, with the intention of uncovering their potential roles in the assessment of renal function. Methods: We analyzed nationally representative cross-sectional data from a cohort of individuals aged 45 and above in China, comprising 11,608 participants. Participants were categorized into different groups based on quartiles of the TyG index, and multiple factors, including gender, age, lifestyle, and co-morbidities, were adjusted for using linear regression models. Results: By linear regression, TyG, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WC indices were significantly positively correlated with serum creatinine and significantly negatively correlated with eGFR. Results showed similar trends when TyG, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WC indices were used as categorical variables. In the fully adjusted model, the highest quartile of serum creatinine was higher than the first quartile for TyG, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WC indices, with β values of 2.673, 3.67, and 1.937 mg/dL, respectively; the highest quartile of eGFR was lower than the first quartile, with β values of -2.4, -2.955, and -1.823 mL/min/1.73 m2. P values were statistically significant. Conclusions: This study indicates a consistent correlation between the TyG index and its related indices with serum creatinine levels and eGFR among the middle aged and elderly population in China. These findings suggest the potential utility of these indices in early screening and management of the risk of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zichen Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Luqing Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Lingdan Zhuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Daoqin Liu
- Department of Kidney Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiwen Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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187
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Bilen MN, Barman HA, Dogan O, Ebeoglu AO, Çetin I, Erdoğan A, Atıcı A. The triglyceride-glucose index as a predictive marker for coronary slow flow phenomenon. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2024; 28:3016-3023. [PMID: 38708458 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202404_36015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) has been proposed as a marker of insulin resistance (IR) and has shown associations with cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG and the coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) and explore the index's potential as a predictor of this condition. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 187 patients who underwent coronary angiography were included; of these, 91 patients were diagnosed with CSFP, and 96 patients with normal coronary flow served as a control group. The TyG was calculated using fasting triglyceride and glucose levels. RESULTS The results showed that the TyG was significantly higher in the CSFP group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Additionally, the TyG exhibited a moderate positive correlation with the thrombolysis-in-myocardial-infarction frame count in coronary arteries (p < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the TyG, along with gender, ejection fraction, and uric acid, remained significant predictors of CSFP (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study's findings suggest that the TyG may serve as a useful marker for identifying individuals at risk of CSFP and provide insights into the potential role of IR in its pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Bilen
- Department of Cardiology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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188
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Rugg C, Schmid S, Zipperle J, Kreutziger J. Stress hyperglycaemia following trauma - a survival benefit or an outcome detriment? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2024; 37:131-138. [PMID: 38390910 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000001350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Stress hyperglycaemia occur often in critically injured patients. To gain new consideration about it, this review compile current as well as known immunological and biochemical findings about causes and emergence. RECENT FINDINGS Glucose is the preferred energy substrate for fending immune cells, reparative tissue and the cardiovascular system following trauma. To fulfil these energy needs, the liver is metabolically reprogrammed to rebuild glucose from lactate and glucogenic amino acids (hepatic insulin resistance) at the expenses of muscles mass and - to a less extent - fat tissue (proteolysis, lipolysis, peripheral insulin resistance). This inevitably leads to stress hyperglycaemia, which is evolutionary preserved and seems to be an essential and beneficial survival response. It is initiated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), intensified by immune cells itself and mainly ruled by tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α and catecholamines with lactate and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α as intracellular signals and lactate as an energy shuttle. Important biochemical mechanisms involved in this response are the Warburg effect as an efficient metabolic shortcut and the extended Cori cycle. SUMMARY Stress hyperglycaemia is beneficial in an acute life-threatening situation, but further research is necessary, to prevent trauma patients from the detrimental effects of persisting hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rugg
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Schmid
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Zipperle
- Johannes Zipperle, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janett Kreutziger
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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189
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Ma Y, Wei S, Dang L, Gao L, Shang S, Hu N, Peng W, Zhao Y, Yuan Y, Zhou R, Wang Y, Gao F, Wang J, Qu Q. Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and cognitive impairment in China: a community population-based cross-sectional study. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:342-352. [PMID: 36976719 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2193765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance (IR) is a feature of metabolic syndrome and plays an important role in cognitive impairment (CI). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a convenient and cost-effective surrogate for assessing IR. This study aimed to assess the association between the TyG index and CI. METHODS This community population-based cross-sectional study used a cluster-sampling methodology. All participants underwent the education-based Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and those with CI were identified using standard thresholds. The fasting blood triglyceride and glucose levels were measured in the morning, and the TyG index was calculated as ln (½ fasting triglyceride level [mg/dL] × fasting blood glucose level [mg/dL]). Multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analysis were used to assess the relationship between the TyG index and CI. RESULTS This study included 1484 subjects, of which 93 (6.27%) met the CI criteria. Multivariable logistic regression showed that CI incidence increased by 64% per unit increase in the TyG index (odds ratio [OR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-2.63, p = 0.042). CI risk was 2.64-fold higher in the highest TyG index quartile compared to the lowest TyG index quartile (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.19-5.85, p = 0.016). Finally, interaction analysis showed that sex, age, hypertension, and diabetes did not significantly affect the association between the TyG index and CI. CONCLUSION The present study suggested that an elevated TyG index was associated with a higher CI risk. Subjects with a higher TyG index should manage and treat at an early stage to alleviate the cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangjun Dang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhang Shang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningwei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Gao
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Jiang W, Tan J, Zhang J, Deng X, He X, Zhang J, Liu T, Sun R, Sun M, Chen K, Xu T, Yan Y, Moazzami A, Wu EJ, Zhan J, Hu B. Polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale improve obesity-induced insulin resistance through the gut microbiota and the SOCS3-mediated insulin receptor substrate-1 signaling pathway. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3437-3447. [PMID: 38111200 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity induces insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, impacting human health. The relationship between obesity, gut microbiota, and regulatory mechanisms has been studied extensively. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, potentially reduces insulin resistance. However, the mechanism through which DOP affects gut microbiota and alleviates obesity-induced insulin resistance in rats requires further investigation. RESULTS The current study aimed to assess the impact of DOP on gut microbiota and insulin resistance in rats on a high-fat diet. The results revealed that DOP effectively reduced blood lipids, glucose disorders, oxidative stress, and inflammatory infiltration in the liver of obese Sprague Dawley rats. This was achieved by downregulating SOCS3 expression and upregulating insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) by regulating the JAK/STAT/SOCS3 signaling pathway. Notably, DOP intervention enhanced the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota and reduced harmful microbiota. Correlation analysis demonstrated significant associations among intestinal microbiota, SOCS3-mediated IRS-1 expression, and inflammatory factors. CONCLUSION Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide regulated the gut microbiota, enhanced IRS-1 expression, and mitigated liver injury and insulin resistance due to a high-fat diet. These findings depict the potential anti-insulin resistance properties of DOP and offer further evidence for addressing obesity and its complications. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Tan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue He
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengxun Sun
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuo Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingjia Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuling Yan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ali Moazzami
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E-Jiao Wu
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiasui Zhan
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Binhong Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Basatinya AM, Sajedianfard J, Nazifi S, Hosseinzadeh S. The analgesic effects of insulin and its disorders in streptozotocin-induced short-term diabetes. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16009. [PMID: 38639646 PMCID: PMC11027902 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that insulin resistance plays an important role in developing diabetes complications. The association between insulin resistance and pain perception is less well understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of peripheral insulin deficiency on pain pathways in the brain. Diabetes was induced in 60 male rats with streptozotocin (STZ). Insulin was injected into the left ventricle of the brain by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection, then pain was induced by subcutaneous injection of 2.5% formalin. Samples were collected at 4 weeks after STZ injection. Dopamine (DA), serotonin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial glutathione (mGSH) were measured by ELISA, and gene factors were assessed by RT-qPCR. In diabetic rats, the levels of DA, serotonin, and mGSH decreased in the nuclei of the thalamus, raphe magnus, and periaqueductal gray, and the levels of ROS increased. In addition, the levels of expression of the neuron-specific enolase and receptor for advanced glycation end genes increased, but the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was reduced. These results support the findings that insulin has an analgesic effect in non-diabetic rats, as demonstrated by the formalin test. ICV injection of insulin reduces pain sensation, but this was not observed in diabetic rats, which may be due to cell damage ameliorated by insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javad Sajedianfard
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | - Saied Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran
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Tinghäll Nilsson U, Lönnerdal B, Hernell O, Kvistgaard AS, Jacobsen LN, Karlsland Åkeson P. Low-Protein Infant Formula Enriched with Alpha-Lactalbumin during Early Infancy May Reduce Insulin Resistance at 12 Months: A Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1026. [PMID: 38613059 PMCID: PMC11013926 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
High protein intake during infancy results in accelerated early weight gain and potentially later obesity. The aim of this follow-up study at 12 months was to evaluate if modified low-protein formulas fed during early infancy have long-term effects on growth and metabolism. In a double-blinded RCT, the ALFoNS study, 245 healthy-term infants received low-protein formulas with either alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey (α-lac-EW; 1.75 g protein/100 kcal), casein glycomacropeptide-reduced whey (CGMP-RW; 1.76 g protein/100 kcal), or standard infant formula (SF; 2.2 g protein/100 kcal) between 2 and 6 months of age. Breastfed (BF) infants served as a reference. At 12 months, anthropometrics and dietary intake were assessed, and serum was analyzed for insulin, C-peptide, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Weight gain between 6 and 12 months and BMI at 12 months were higher in the SF than in the BF infants (p = 0.019; p < 0.001, respectively), but were not significantly different between the low-protein formula groups and the BF group. S-insulin and C-peptide were higher in the SF than in the BF group (p < 0.001; p = 0.003, respectively), but more alike in the low-protein formula groups and the BF group. Serum IGF-1 at 12 months was similar in all study groups. Conclusion: Feeding modified low-protein formula during early infancy seems to reduce insulin resistance, resulting in more similar growth, serum insulin, and C-peptide concentrations to BF infants at 6-months post intervention. Feeding modified low-protein formula during early infancy results in more similar growth, serum insulin, and C-peptide concentrations to BF infants 6-months post intervention, probably due to reduced insulin resistance in the low-protein groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Olle Hernell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | | | | | - Pia Karlsland Åkeson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Pediatrics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden;
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193
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Li S, Yang D, Zhou X, Chen L, Liu L, Lin R, Li X, Liu Y, Qiu H, Cao H, Liu J, Cheng Q. Neurological and metabolic related pathophysiologies and treatment of comorbid diabetes with depression. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14497. [PMID: 37927197 PMCID: PMC11017426 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The comorbidity between diabetes mellitus and depression was revealed, and diabetes mellitus increased the prevalence of depressive disorder, which ranked 13th in the leading causes of disability-adjusted life-years. Insulin resistance, which is common in diabetes mellitus, has increased the risk of depressive symptoms in both humans and animals. However, the mechanisms behind the comorbidity are multi-factorial and complicated. There is still no causal chain to explain the comorbidity exactly. Moreover, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, insulin and metformin, which are recommended for treating diabetes mellitus-induced depression, were found to be a risk factor in some complications of diabetes. AIMS Given these problems, many researchers made remarkable efforts to analyze diabetes complicating depression from different aspects, including insulin resistance, stress and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis, neurological system, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Drug therapy, such as Hydrogen Sulfide, Cannabidiol, Ascorbic Acid and Hesperidin, are conducive to alleviating diabetes mellitus and depression. Here, we reviewed the exact pathophysiology underlying the comorbidity between depressive disorder and diabetes mellitus and drug therapy. METHODS The review refers to the available literature in PubMed and Web of Science, searching critical terms related to diabetes mellitus, depression and drug therapy. RESULTS In this review, we found that brain structure and function, neurogenesis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glucose and lipid metabolism were involved in the pathophysiology of the comorbidity. Obesity might lead to diabetes mellitus and depression through reduced adiponectin and increased leptin and resistin. In addition, drug therapy displayed in this review could expand the region of potential therapy. CONCLUSIONS The review summarizes the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity. It also overviews drug therapy with anti-diabetic and anti-depressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of GastroenterologyBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Lini Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Ruoheng Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Huiwen Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PsychiatryBrain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province)ChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jian Liu
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, The First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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Utzschneider KM, Younes N, Butera NM, Balasubramanyam A, Bergenstal RM, Barzilay J, DeSouza C, DeFronzo RA, Elasy T, Krakoff J, Kahn SE, Rasouli N, Valencia WM, Sivitz WI. Impact of Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function Over Time on Glycemic Outcomes in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE): Differential Treatment Effects of Dual Therapy. Diabetes Care 2024; 47:571-579. [PMID: 38190619 PMCID: PMC10973903 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function over time on HbA1c and durability of glycemic control in response to dual therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS GRADE participants were randomized to glimepiride (n = 1,254), liraglutide (n = 1,262), or sitagliptin (n = 1,268) added to baseline metformin and followed for mean ± SD 5.0 ± 1.3 years, with HbA1c assessed quarterly and oral glucose tolerance tests at baseline, 1, 3, and 5 years. We related time-varying insulin sensitivity (HOMA 2 of insulin sensitivity [HOMA2-%S]) and early (0-30 min) and total (0-120 min) C-peptide (CP) responses to changes in HbA1c and glycemic failure (primary outcome HbA1c ≥7% [53 mmol/mol] and secondary outcome HbA1c >7.5% [58 mmol/mol]) and examined differential treatment responses. RESULTS Higher HOMA2-%S was associated with greater initial HbA1c lowering (3 months) but not subsequent HbA1c rise. Greater CP responses were associated with a greater initial treatment response and slower subsequent HbA1c rise. Higher HOMA2-%S and CP responses were each associated with lower risk of primary and secondary outcomes. These associations differed by treatment. In the sitagliptin group, HOMA2-%S and CP responses had greater impact on initial HbA1c reduction (test of heterogeneity, P = 0.009 HOMA2-%S, P = 0.018 early CP, P = 0.001 total CP) and risk of primary outcome (P = 0.005 HOMA2-%S, P = 0.11 early CP, P = 0.025 total CP) but lesser impact on HbA1c rise (P = 0.175 HOMA2-%S, P = 0.006 early CP, P < 0.001 total CP) in comparisons with the glimepiride and liraglutide groups. There were no differential treatment effects on secondary outcome. CONCLUSIONS Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function affected treatment outcomes irrespective of drug assignment, with greater impact in the sitagliptin group on initial (short-term) HbA1c response in comparison with the glimepiride and liraglutide groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M. Utzschneider
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Naji Younes
- The Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - Nicole M. Butera
- The Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - Ashok Balasubramanyam
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Joshua Barzilay
- Department of Endocrinology, Kaiser Permanente of Georgia, Duluth, GA
| | - Cyrus DeSouza
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Nebraska and Omaha VA Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ralph A. DeFronzo
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Tom Elasy
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jonathan Krakoff
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Public Health, Southwestern American Indian Center, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Steven E. Kahn
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Neda Rasouli
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO
| | - Willy M. Valencia
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - William I. Sivitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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Oliveira PWC, Mill JG, Santos IDS, Lotufo PA, Molina MDCB, Mendes FD, Santos HCD, de Faria CP. Triglyceride-glucose index demonstrates reasonable performance as a screening tool but exhibits limited diagnostic utility for insulin resistance: Data from the ELSA-Brasil cohort. Nutr Res 2024; 124:65-72. [PMID: 38394978 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a key risk factor for chronic metabolic diseases, but its laboratory diagnosis is still costly; thus, the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a surrogate method. Our aim was to provide a detailed analysis of cutoffs and test the hypothesis that the TyG index would present reasonable performance parameters for IR screening. This is a cross-sectional study with baseline data from 12,367 eligible participants of both sexes (aged 35-74 years) from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. TyG correlation and agreement with the Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance were analyzed. Positive and negative predictive values (PV+, PV-) and likelihood ratio (LR+, LR-) were calculated. A moderate positive correlation between TyG and Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance was observed (Pearson r = 0.419). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of TyG for IR diagnosis was 0.742 and the optimal cutoff was 4.665, reaching a kappa agreement value of 0.354. For this cutoff, a PV+ of 59.3% and PV- of 76.0%, as well as an LR+ of 2.07 and LR- of 0.45 were obtained. Alternatively, because high sensitivity is desired for screening tests, selecting a lower cutoff, such as 4.505, increases the PV- to 82.1%, despite decreasing the PV+ to 50.8%. We conclude that TyG has important performance limitations for detecting IR, but that it may still be reasonably useful to help screening for IR in adults because it can be calculated from low-cost routine blood tests.
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Rosales-Gómez CA, Martínez-Carrillo BE, Guadarrama-López AL, Reséndiz-Albor AA, Arciniega-Martínez IM, Aguilar-Rodríguez E. Pharmacological induction of diabetes mellitus in pregnant female mice: a comparison of two doses and routes of administration. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2024; 28:3275-3286. [PMID: 38708486 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202404_36056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare two routes of administration and different dosages of streptozotocin (STZ) for the pharmacological induction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant CD1 females. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 35 female CD1 mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 7). Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with STZ by two routes and two doses: 1) Control Group without administration of STZ (CL), 2) Intraperitoneal Group with 200 mg of STZ/Kg of weight (IP200), 3) Intraperitoneal Group with 230 mg of STZ/Kg of weight (IP230), 4) Subcutaneous Group with 200 mg of STZ/Kg of weight (SC200) and 5) Subcutaneous Group with 230 mg of STZ/Kg of weight (SC230). Body weight, food and water intake, glycemia, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR), survival, and birth rate were identified. RESULTS: The SC230 group turned out to be the most effective dose and route for the induction of GDM in pregnant females. This scheme managed to reproduce sustained hyperglycemia with high HOMA-IR, the presence of polyphagia, polydipsia, and weight loss. In addition, the birth rate and survival were high compared to the other doses and routes of administration. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of a single dose of 230 mg/kg of weight by subcutaneous route supposes advantages compared to previously used models since it decreases the physiological stress due to manipulation and the costs since it does not require repeated doses or adjuvants such as high lipid diets to potentiate the diabetogenic effect of STZ. Graphical Abstract https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Graphical-abstract-12.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Rosales-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esquina Jesús Carranza S/N, Colonia Moderna de la Cruz, Toluca, México.
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Zhang S, Zhang Y, Wen Z, Yang Y, Bu T, Wei R, Chen Y, Ni Q. Jinkui Shenqi pills ameliorate diabetes by regulating hypothalamic insulin resistance and POMC/AgRP expression and activity. Phytomedicine 2024; 126:155297. [PMID: 38342019 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the imbalance of proopiomelanocortin (POMC)/agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons in the hypothalamus holds potential insights into the pathophysiology of diabetes. Jinkui Shenqi pills (JSP), a prevalent traditional Chinese medicine, regulate hypothalamic function and treat diabetes. PURPOSE To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of JSP and explore the probable mechanism in treating diabetes. METHODS A type 2 diabetes mouse model was used to investigate the pharmacodynamics of JSP. The glucose-lowering efficacy of JSP was assessed through various metrics including body weight, food consumption, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin levels, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). To elucidate the modulatory effects of JSP on hypothalamic mechanisms, we quantified the expression and activity of POMC and AgRP and assessed the insulin-mediated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase A (AKT)/forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) pathway in diabetic mice via western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, primary hypothalamic neurons were exposed to high glucose and palmitic acid levels to induce insulin resistance, and the influence of JSP on POMC/AgRP protein expression and activation was evaluated by PI3K protein inhibition using western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Medium- and high-dose JSP treatment effectively inhibited appetite, resulting in a steady declining trend in body weight, FBG, and OGTT results in diabetic mice (p < 0.05). These JSP groups also had significantly increased insulin levels (p < 0.05). Importantly, the medium-dose group exhibited notable protection of hypothalamic neuronal and synaptic structures, leading to augmentation of dendritic length and branching (p < 0.05). Furthermore, low-, medium-, and high-dose JSP groups exhibited increased phosphorylated (p) INSR, PI3K, pPI3K, AKT, and pAKT expression, as well as decreased FOXO1 and increased pFOXO1 expression, indicating improved hypothalamic insulin resistance in diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Treatment with 10% JSP-enriched serum produced a marked elevation of both expression and activation of POMC (p < 0.05), with a concurrent reduction in AgRP expression and activation within primary hypothalamic neurons (p < 0.05). Intriguingly, these effects could be attributed to the regulatory dynamics of PI3K activity. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that JSP can ameliorate diabetes by regulating POMC/AgRP expression and activity. The insulin-mediated PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway plays an important regulatory role in this intricate process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yueying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhige Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yanan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Tianjie Bu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ruoyu Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Hospital of Xingtai, Hebei, 054000, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qing Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Dai Y, Xu R, Chen J, Fang J, Zhang H, Li H, Chen W. Thromboxane A2/thromboxane A2 receptor axis facilitates hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:967-986. [PMID: 37940413 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Defective insulin signalling and dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), driven by excessive lipid accumulation in the liver, is a characteristic feature in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thromboxane A2 (TXA2 ), an arachidonic acid metabolite, is significantly elevated in obesity and plays a crucial role in hepatic gluconeogenesis and adipose tissue macrophage polarization. However, the role of liver TXA2 /TP receptors in insulin resistance and lipid metabolism is largely unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TP receptor knockout (TP-/- ) mice were generated and fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Insulin sensitivity, ER stress responses and hepatic lipid accumulation were assessed. Furthermore, we used primary hepatocytes to dissect the mechanisms by which the TXA2 /TP receptor axis regulates insulin signalling and hepatocyte lipogenesis. KEY RESULTS TXA2 was increased in diet-induced obese mice, and depletion of TP receptors in adult mice improved systemic insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, we found that the TXA2 /TP receptor axis disrupts insulin signalling by activating the Ca2+ /calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II γ (CaMKIIγ)-protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-C/EBP homologous protein (Chop)-tribbles-like protein 3 (TRB3) axis in hepatocytes. In addition, our results revealed that the TXA2 /TP receptor axis directly promoted lipogenesis in primary hepatocytes and contributed to Kupffer cell inflammation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The TXA2 /TP receptor axis facilitates insulin resistance through Ca2+ /CaMKIIγ to activate PERK-Chop-TRB3 signalling. Inhibition of hepatocyte TP receptors improved hepatic steatosis and inflammation. The TP receptor is a new therapeutic target for NAFLD and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinxiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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199
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Pinheiro FI, Araújo-Filho I, do Rego ACM, de Azevedo EP, Cobucci RN, Guzen FP. Hepatopancreatic metabolic disorders and their implications in the development of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102250. [PMID: 38417711 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Dementia has been faced with significant public health challenges and economic burdens that urges the need to develop safe and effective interventions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the relationship between dementia and liver and pancreatic metabolic disorders that result in diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Previous reports have shown that there is a plausible correlation between pathologies caused by hepatopancreatic dysfunctions and dementia. Glucose, insulin and IGF-1 metabolized in the liver and pancreas probably have an important influence on the pathophysiology of the most common dementias: Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. This current review highlights recent studies aimed at identifying convergent mechanisms, such as insulin resistance and other diseases, linked to altered hepatic and pancreatic metabolism, which are capable of causing brain changes that ultimately lead to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco I Pinheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Surgical, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil; Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the Liga Norte Rio-Grandense Against Cancer
| | - Irami Araújo-Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Surgical, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Amália C M do Rego
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the Liga Norte Rio-Grandense Against Cancer
| | - Eduardo P de Azevedo
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ricardo N Cobucci
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Science Applied to Women`s Health, Medical School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Fausto P Guzen
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health and Society, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil.
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Nakamura Y, Otaki S, Tanaka Y, Adachi A, Wada N, Tajiri Y. Insulin Resistance Is Better Estimated by Using Fasting Glucose, Lipid Profile, and Body Fat Percent Than by HOMA-IR in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: An Exploratory Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024; 22:199-206. [PMID: 38190491 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of the present study is to estimate insulin resistance (IR) using clinically available parameters except for serum insulin or C-peptide concentration to overcome the limitation of homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), which has been widely used in clinical practice. Patients and Methods: Fifty-two admitted patients with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance were enrolled, and steady state plasma glucose (SSPG) method and cookie meal tolerance test were performed together with fasting blood sampling and anthropometric measurements. Insulin sensitivity measured by SSPG was estimated as glucose clearance corrected by the excretion of glucose into urine (C-GC). Results: Log-transformed (C-GC) was negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), log (Fasting triglyceride: TG), log (Fasting TG/Fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: HDLC), and their area under the curves (AUCs). Fasting and AUC-HDLC was positively and fasting free fatty acid (FFA) was negatively correlated with log (C-GC). Body fat (%) was negatively correlated with log (C-GC). Multiple regression analysis on log (C-GC) as an outcome variable revealed that FPG, log (AUC-TG/AUC-HDLC), body fat (%), and fasting FFA were selected as significant predictive variables and contributed to log (C-GC) by 60% (adjusted R2). Replacing log (AUC-TG/AUC-HDLC) with its fasting value, log (Fasting TG/Fasting HDLC), this model still showed a strong contribution to log (C-GC) by 57% (adjusted R2). These contributions were stronger than those in log (HOMA-IR) (52.5%), log (Fasting C-peptide) (45.7%) to log (C-GC). Conclusions: It is plausible that our estimation for IR without the inclusion of plasma insulin concentration can be applied in Japanese patients whose HOMA-IR is not appropriately available. The model using fasting values is less complicated and could be the best way for the estimation of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Nakamura
- Diabetes Center, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
| | - Soichiro Otaki
- Diabetes Center, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yohei Tanaka
- Diabetes Center, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ayaka Adachi
- Diabetes Center, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Wada
- Diabetes Center, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yuji Tajiri
- Diabetes Center, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
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