2451
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Abstract
This study determined whether exercise training in rats would prevent the accumulation of lipids and depressed glucose utilization found in hearts from diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Trained diabetic rats were run on a treadmill for 60 min, 27 m/min, 10% grade, 6 days/wk for 10 wk. Training of diabetic rats had no effect on glycemic control but decreased plasma lipids. In vivo myocardial long-chain acylcarnitine, acyl-CoA, and high-energy phosphate levels were similar in sedentary control, sedentary diabetic, and trained diabetic groups. The levels of myocardial triacylglycerol were similar in sedentary control and diabetic rats but decreased in trained diabetic rats. Hearts were perfused with buffer containing diabetic concentrations of glucose (22 mM) and palmitate (1.2 mM). D-[U-14C] glucose oxidation rates (14CO2 production) were depressed in hearts from sedentary diabetic rats relative to sedentary control rats. Hearts from trained diabetic rats exhibited increased glucose oxidation relative to those of sedentary diabetic rats, but this improvement was below that of the sedentary control rats. [9,10(-3)H]palmitate oxidation rates (3H2O production) were identical in all three groups. These findings suggest that exercise training resulted in a partial normalization of myocardial glucose utilization in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Paulson
- Department of Physiology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515
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2452
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Abstract
The chloramphenicol resistant gene (cat) encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) in a transferable R plasmid (pJA7324) isolated from the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum strain PT24 was cloned into the plasmid vector pUC19. The nucleotide sequence analysis of 1,348 base pair DNA identified an open reading frame encoding a protein of 216 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 25,471 daltons. The predicted amino acid sequences for this cat gene are 37-69% homologous with other CAT proteins of both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Colony hybridization performed with a PvuII-BamHI fragment including this cat gene as a probe, revealed that the same or similar chloramphenicol resistance genes existed among V. anguillarum isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Biological Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan
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2453
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Zhao J, Li N, Warren PV, Golbeck JH, Bryant DA. Site-directed conversion of a cysteine to aspartate leads to the assembly of a [3Fe-4S] cluster in PsaC of photosystem I. The photoreduction of FA is independent of FB. Biochemistry 1992; 31:5093-9. [PMID: 1318744 DOI: 10.1021/bi00137a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The terminal electron acceptors FA and FB exist as two [4Fe-4S] clusters located on the 8.9-kDa PsaC protein in photosystem I. We have used site-directed mutagenesis to produce a complementary pair of mutant PsaC proteins in which specific cysteine ligands to the [4Fe-4S] clusters were changed to aspartic acid residues. The mutant proteins, denoted C14D and C51D, were overproduced in Escherichia coli; the iron-sulfur clusters were inserted in vitro; and the reconstituted proteins were rebound to the P700-FX core of Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 in the presence of the PsaD protein. In complexes reconstituted with C51D a rhombic ESR spectrum with g-values of 2.063, 1.934, and 1.879 in the reduced state identifies the intact [4Fe-4S] cluster as FB, while an intense axial spectrum with g-values of 2.020 and 1.997 in the oxidized state identifies the altered cluster in the aspartate site as a [3Fe-4S] cluster. The [3Fe-4S] cluster corresponding to FA can be reduced chemically with dithionite and photochemically by illumination at room temperature but is not reduced by illumination at 15 K. With reconstituted C14D a rhombic ESR spectrum with g-values of 2.043, 1.942, and 1.853 in the reduced state identified the unaltered [4Fe-4S] cluster as FA, while a complex spectrum with a gz-value of 2.194 and an asymmetric gx,y set of resonances between 2.092 and 1.999 indicates an altered cluster of unknown identity in the site containing the aspartate ligand. The ESR signals arising from the altered cluster corresponding to FB are not diminished by illumination at either room temperature or 15 K.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
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2454
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Abstract
Conditions for in vitro unfolding and refolding of dimeric thymidylate synthase from Lactobacillus casei were found. Ultraviolet difference and circular dichroism spectra showed that the enzyme was completely unfolded at concentrations of urea over 5.5 M. As measured by restoration of enzyme activity, refolding was accomplished when 0.5 M potassium chloride was included in the refolding mixture. Recombination of subunits from catalytically inactive mutant homodimers to form an active hybrid dimer was achieved under these unfolding-refolding conditions, demonstrating a monomer to dimer association step.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Perry
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco 94143
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2455
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Abstract
The roles of changes in refractory and recovery properties of the atrioventricular node as affected by facilitation and fatigue in the genesis of Wenckebach periodicity were studied in isolated rabbit heart preparations. The contribution of nodal recovery time, facilitation, and fatigue to beat-to-beat changes in nodal conduction time (NCT) and effective (ERPN) and functional refractory periods of node (FRPN) occurring during stable 4:3 Wenckebach cycles was determined with premature stimulation protocols performed during these cycles. Fatigue prolonged, equally for each beat, NCT, ERPN, and FRPN, and therefore did not contribute to Wenckebach periodicity. Beat-to-beat increases in facilitation broadened the range of recovery times for which conduction was successful and decreased NCT, ERPN, and FRPN below the values expected from fatigue alone. However, ERPN and NCT increased overall from beat to beat because of NCT-induced (effects of NCT on ensuing refractoriness) increases in nodal refractoriness and consequent shortenings of the recovery time. These findings establish a complementary role for the recovery and refractory properties in generating the Wenckebach periodicity and demonstrate the modulating roles of facilitation and fatigue on this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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2456
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Paulson DJ, Smith JM, Zhao J, Bowman J. Effects of dietary fish oil on myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury of Wistar Kyoto and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Metabolism 1992; 41:533-9. [PMID: 1588834 DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(92)90214-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether 15 weeks of dietary fish oil supplementation to Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SP-SHR) would alter cardiac contractile performance. Isolated perfused working hearts were used to determine the effects of varying left atrial filling pressures on cardiac pump output and pressure development. In addition, the ability of these hearts to recover cardiac output after a 60-minute period of low-flow ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion was assessed. Myocardial high-energy phosphate levels and long-chain acylcarnitine content were measured. Fish oil supplementation had no effect on indirect tail-cuff systolic blood pressure of WKY rats, but produced a small decrease in systolic blood pressure of SP-SHR. In response to varying left atrial filling pressures, hearts from WKY rats and SP-SHR exhibited no major differences in aortic flow, left intraventricular diastolic pressure, systolic pressure, positive and negative rate of pressure change per unit of time (dP/dt), or relaxation time; however, coronary flow values were lower in SP-SHR groups relative to respective WKY groups. Fish oil supplementation had no effect on these cardiac parameters. When these hearts were subjected to ischemia and reperfusion, the recovery of cardiac contractile performance was significantly improved in fish oil-fed WKY and SP-SHR groups, compared with their corn oil-fed counterparts. There were no differences in the recovery of the above cardiac hemodynamic parameters between corn oil-fed WKY and SP-SHR. These results provide further support to the hypothesis that dietary fish oil can significantly reduce the mortality risk from cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Paulson
- Department of Physiology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Downers Grove, IL 50515
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2457
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Ninomiya H, Stewart BH, Rollins SA, Zhao J, Bothwell AL, Sims PJ. Contribution of the N-linked carbohydrate of erythrocyte antigen CD59 to its complement-inhibitory activity. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:8404-10. [PMID: 1373727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of N-linked carbohydrate to the complement-inhibitory function of the human erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein, CD59, was investigated. Amino acid sequence analysis of tryptic peptides labeled with [3H]borohydride revealed an N-linked carbohydrate moiety at the Asn18 residue. No O-linked carbohydrate was detected, as judged by the failure of asialo-CD59 to bind peanut agglutinin and by its resistance to digestion by O-glycanase. The apparent molecular mass of CD59 was reduced from 18-20 to 14 kDa upon complete digestion with N-glycanase, with no detectable proteolysis. N-glycanase digestion of CD59 was associated with an 88 +/- 4% loss of the complement-inhibitory activity of the protein, as assessed by its capacity to protect chicken erythrocytes from lysis by the human C5b-9 proteins. By contrast, no change in function was observed after digestion of CD59 with neuraminidase, under conditions that removed greater than 60% of [3H]sialic acid residues. Despite loss of functional activity after N-glycanase digestion, we detected no change in the capacity of the deglycosylated CD59 to incorporate into erythrocyte membranes or to bind specifically and with species selectivity to the C8 and C9 components of the membrane attack complex. In order to alter the branched-chain structure of the N-linked carbohydrate of CD59 without enzymatic digestion, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with cDNA for human CD59 were grown in the alpha-mannosidase inhibitor, 1-deoxymannojirimycin, resulting in conversion of approximately 70% of the membrane glycoprotein to a high mannose. When grown in the presence of 1-deoxymannojirimycin, the C5b-9-inhibitory activity of CD59 expressed on the surface of the transfected CHO cells was reduced by an amount comparable to that observed for the N-glycanase digested protein. Taken together, these data suggest that normal glycosylation of Asn18 in CD59 is required for the normal expression of its complement-inhibitory activity on membrane surfaces, although these N-linked sugar residues do not contribute to CD59's affinity for the C8 and C9 components of the C5b-9 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ninomiya
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City
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2458
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Feng Z, Qiao W, Guo B, Zu A, Zhao J. [Immunological identification of tiger-bone]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1992; 17:196-8, 254. [PMID: 1418546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Anti-tiger sera were prepared by using tiger serum proteins to immunize the rabbits. Tiger-bone can be identified by the specific serological reaction between the anti-tiger sera and the tiger-bone proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Feng
- Harbin Municipal Institute for Drug Control
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2459
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Knop W, Hirai M, Schink HJ, Stuhrmann HB, Wagner R, Zhao J, Schärpf O, Crichton RR, Krumpolc M, Nierhaus KH, Rijllart A, Niinikoski TO. A new polarized target for neutron scattering studies on biomolecules: first results from apoferritin and the deuterated 50S subunit of ribosomes. J Appl Crystallogr 1992. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889891011093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A new polarized target for neutron scattering has been designed by CERN and tested successfully using the reactor FRG-1 at the GKSS Research Centre. The nuclear spins are aligned with respect to the external field – parallel or antiparallel – by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). To avoid absorption of neutrons by 3He, the frozen solutions of biomolecules are immersed in liquid 4He which in turn is thermally coupled to the cooling mixture of 3He/4He of the dilution refrigerator. Compared with earlier experiments where the sample had been cooled directly by 3He, the rate of detectable neutrons increased by a factor of 30. Another factor of 30 is due to the installation of the cold source and the beryllium reflector in FRG-1. Polarized neutron scattering from apoferritin in deuterated solvent shows that the proton spin polarization is homogeneous in apoferritin molecules. After saturation of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), polarized neutron scattering is dominated by deuteron spin contrast. With the deuterated large subunit of E. coli ribosomes, three different basic scattering functions are derived from spin-contrast variation, reflecting the known scattering-length-density distribution of the architecture of rRNA and ribosomal proteins. The planned in situ structure determination of a mRNA fragment is discussed in the light of the present results.
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2460
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Abstract
Sensors that provide reliable, rapid measurement of toxic substances are needed to solve significant human health and safety problems. We developed a new biosensor design that combines the advantages of immunoassay with electrochemical response. We established that this enzyme-linked immunosensor measures toxic substances in biological samples. The biosensor consists of two major elements: (1) an electrical conducting layer having immobilized enzyme, polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, and other necessary reagents, and (2) the electronic components used in the signal readout. The result is an amperometric immunoassay based on coupling the immunochemical reaction to the enzyme electrode response by using a soluble, electrochemically active mediator. The specific question addressed was: Does the system's immunochemical detection reliably respond at sufficiently low analyte concentrations? We present our results in these areas: (1) enzyme immobilization on colloidal gold; (2) colloidal gold-enzyme deposition on the electrode surface; (3) mediator-antigen conjugate synthesis; (4) antibody incorporation at the electrode surface; (5) bioelectrode characterization and optimization; and (6) immunosensor demonstration to detect antigen. Sensors that employ immunochemical detection will have broad applicability to detect/diagnose toxic substances in biological samples such as blood and urine and in environmental samples such as wastewater and drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P O'Daly
- Enzyme Technology Research Group, Inc., Durham, North Carolina 27701
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2461
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Yoshioka K, Zhao J, Uchino M, Miike T. Dystrophin isoforms and/or cross-reactive proteins on neurons and glial cells in control and mdx central nervous systems. J Neurol Sci 1992; 108:214-20. [PMID: 1517755 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(92)90054-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied the central nervous system (CNS) of control mice in comparison with that of mdx mice, immunohistochemically and immunoelectrophoretically, using 5 kinds of polyclonal antibodies against dystrophin (DMDP-II, 60-kDa, 30-kDa, P-20 and DMDP-IV) to determine whether or not and, if so, how dystrophin exists in the central nervous system. A positive dystrophin reaction was seen on the neurons and glial cells in both control and mdx tissue, without any immunohistochemical difference. In control mice, Western blot analysis showed two relatively clear bands corresponding to 400-kDa, with all 4 antibodies used (60-kDa, 30-kDa, P-20 and DMDP-IV), and 280-kDa, with 3 of them, the exception being 30-kDa, and 2 other faint bands corresponding to larger M(r) than 400-kDa, with 3 of them, the exception being P-20, respectively. In the mdx CNS, the 400-kDa band was absent, the other 3 bands being seen. The results suggest that dystrophin really exists in the control CNS, and some dystrophin isoforms or cross-reactive proteins exist on the neurons and glial cells in mdx as well as control mice. The localization of dystrophin in CNS also suggests its physiological function in the conduction system rather than a mechanical one, and a defect of it in CNS is a possible cause of the mental retardation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshioka
- Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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2462
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Knop W, Stuhrmann HB, Wagner R, Wenkow-EsSouni M, Zhao J, Schärpf O, Krumpolc M, Nierhaus KH, Niinikoski TO, Rijllart A. Polarized Neutron Scattering from Dynamically Polarized Targets in Biology. NUCL SCI ENG 1992. [DOI: 10.13182/nse92-a23906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Knop
- GKSS Forschungszentrum, W-2054 Geesthacht, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - H. B. Stuhrmann
- GKSS Forschungszentrum, W-2054 Geesthacht, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - R. Wagner
- GKSS Forschungszentrum, W-2054 Geesthacht, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - M. Wenkow-EsSouni
- GKSS Forschungszentrum, W-2054 Geesthacht, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - J. Zhao
- GKSS Forschungszentrum, W-2054 Geesthacht, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - O. Schärpf
- Institut Laue-Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - M. Krumpolc
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Chemistry Chicago, Illinois 60689
| | - K. H. Nierhaus
- Max-Planck-Institut fiir Molekulare Genetik, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - T. O. Niinikoski
- European Organization for Nuclear Research, PPE, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A. Rijllart
- European Organization for Nuclear Research, PPE, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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2463
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Filmus J, Zhao J, Buick RN. Overexpression of H-ras oncogene induces resistance to the growth-inhibitory action of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta 1) and alters the number and type of TGF-beta 1 receptors in rat intestinal epithelial cell clones. Oncogene 1992; 7:521-6. [PMID: 1312703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we utilize rat intestinal cell (IEC-18) clones expressing an activated human H-ras gene to investigate the relationship between malignant transformation and growth control by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). We demonstrate that clones expressing high levels of H-ras oncogene lose sensitivity to the growth inhibitory action of TGF-beta. The loss of sensitivity is related to the degree of H-ras expression and is shown to be a direct consequence of H-ras expression through the use of a clonal cell line with inducible expression of activated H-ras. Co-incident with the loss of growth inhibition, ras-expressing clones display an altered expression of TGF-beta-binding proteins as detectable by [125I]TGF-beta cross-linking. While IEC-18 cells express type II (92 kDa) binding protein predominantly, H-ras expression induces a shift to predominantly type I (69 kDa) binding protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Filmus
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2464
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Zhao J. [A control study of intravenous versus oral clomipramine in major depression]. Zhonghua Shen Jing Jing Shen Ke Za Zhi 1992; 25:9-12, 60. [PMID: 1591963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous clomipramine (n = 105) and oral clomipramine (n = 64) were compared in a control study of 169 inpatients with major depression. The therapeutic effects were evaluated with four-degree scale and the rating scales of HDS and CGI. The results showed intravenous group has earlier response and better antidepressive effects than oral group within treatment period of 2 weeks. No significant differences between two groups were found in anticholinergic side-reaction. Clinical useful values of intravenous clomipramine were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Mental Health Institute of Hunan Medical University, Changsha
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2465
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Zhao J, Storb U. Fusion of a scid pre-B cells with a wild type (myeloma) B cell results in correct rearrangement of a V(D)J recombination substrate. Dev Immunol 1992; 2:285-93. [PMID: 1343097 PMCID: PMC2275866 DOI: 10.1155/1992/84537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mice with the scid mutation have a defect in the V(D)J recombinase. In order to determine whether the SCID product is normally present in mature B cells that do not have the recombinase activity, scid pre-B cells were fused with myeloma cells. It was found that in the hybrid cells, a rearrangement test gene was correctly joined immediately after fusion. The same test gene was aberrantly rearranged in the scid pre-B cells. Stable hybrids between the scid pre-B and the myeloma cells had lost the expression of RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes, supporting the previous finding of an inhibitor of rearrangement in myeloma cells that acts shortly after fusion. Thus, mature B cells apparently contain the SCID product, the wild type SCID function is not competitively interfered with by products present in scid pre-B cells, and the SCID product seems not to be a target for the recombinase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, IL 60637
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2466
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Abstract
The nature of the enzyme(s) catalyzing the major metabolic pathway (5'-hydroxylation) of oxicam NSAIDs was investigated in subcellular preparations of human liver tissue. Microsomal, but not cytosolic, fractions catalyzed the 5'-hydroxylation of tenoxicam. This reaction required NADPH and was inhibited by various nonselective P450 inhibitors (CO, SKF-525A, ketoconazole), but not by the peroxidase inhibitor NaN3. Tenoxicam 5'-hydroxylation exhibited simple Michaelis-menten kinetics compatible with catalysis by a single enzyme, but it strongly inhibited its own oxidation at concentrations higher than 100-150 microM. Piroxicam competitively inhibited tenoxicam 5'-hydroxylation and, conversely, tenoxicam competitively inhibited piroxicam 5'-hydroxylation. Tenoxicam 5'-hydroxylation kinetics were similar in microsomes from one poor and five extensive metabolizers of debrisoquin (CYP2D6). Dextromethorphan (CYP2D6 prototype substrate) and midazolam (CYP3A prototype substrate) had no influence on tenoxicam 5'-hydroxylation, whereas mephenytoin, tolbutamide and sulfaphenazole (Ki = 0.1 microM) inhibited it. This indicates that the 5'-hydroxylation of both piroxicam and tenoxicam is predominantly catalyzed by at least one cytochrome P450 isozyme of the CYP2C subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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2467
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Zhao J. Acupuncture at huatuojiaji (extra 21) points for treatment of acute epigastric pain. J TRADIT CHIN MED 1991; 11:258. [PMID: 1795541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Hedong Clinic, Qinhuangdao Harbor Hospital
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2468
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Knop W, Meerwinck W, Olah G, Schink HJ, Stuhrmann HB, Wagner R, Wenkow-Es-Souni M, Zhao J, Schärpf O, Nierhaus KH, Niinikoski TO, Rijllart A. Nuclear spin order and excitation of inner-shell electrons in macromolecular structure research. An application to the large subunit of the E. coli ribosome. J Appl Crystallogr 1991. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889891004752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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2469
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Zhao J. [Preliminary serological survey on Mycoplasma and Chlamydia infection among gonorrhoea cases]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 1991; 12:269-72. [PMID: 1782655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The antibodies to Mycoplasma hominis (Mh) and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) in 123 sera from the patients with gonorrhoea and 108 sera from the healthy persons control were detected with micro-indirect hemagglutination test. The results showed that the antibody to Mh positive rate was 23.58%, GMT 1: 7.60, and to Ct 72.35%, GMT 1: 8.71 in the patients. The differences of the antibody levels between the patients and the controls were significant. It was suggested that the urogenital infections caused by Mh and/or Ct are common in the patients with gonorrhoea in Liuzhou area, Guang Xi Autonomous Region of China. The significance and distributional characteristics of Mh and Ct infections in the urogenital system and the reasons about higher positive rate in the patients with gonorrhea were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Nanjing Railway Medical College
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2470
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Henkens R, O'Daly J, Perine S, Stonehuerner J, Tubergen K, Zhao J, Crumbliss A. Biosensor electrodes using colloidal gold supported oxidase enzymes. J Inorg Biochem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(91)84116-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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2471
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Abstract
We evaluated the acute effects of varying dialysate calcium concentration on plasma concentrations and dialyzer fluxes of calcium and phosphorus in adult hemodialysis patients. Seven individuals with stable end-stage renal failure were dialyzed 4 hours, three times weekly. The effects of dialysates containing 1.75, 1.25, or 0.75 mmol/L (70.1, 50.1, or 30.1 mg/L) of calcium were compared. Each patient was studied once at each bath calcium concentration. Compared with the predialysis mean value of 2.27 mmol/L (9.1 mg/dL), plasma total calcium concentration increased, remained constant, or decreased with the 1.75-, 1.25-, or 0.75-mmol/L calcium dialysates, respectively. The 0.75-mmol/L calcium dialysate did not cause signs or symptoms of hypocalcemia (and the plasma calcium concentration did not fall below 1.80 mmol/L [7.2 mg/dL]). Plasma phosphorus concentrations decreased equally from a predialysis mean value of 2.16 mmol/L (6.7 mg/dL), regardless of the dialysate calcium concentration. After 4 hours of treatment with the three different dialysates, the cumulative calcium fluxes were significantly different. With 1.75 mmol/L calcium, mean bodily calcium accumulation was 21.9 mmol (879 mg). With 1.25 mmol/L, there was no net calcium flux. With 0.75 mmol/L, mean patient calcium loss was 5.8 mmol (231 mg). Mean phosphorus removal after 4 hours was 32.5 mmol (1,006 mg) and was unaffected by dialysate calcium concentration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hou
- Division of Renal Medicine, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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2472
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Brereton CMH, Lim CJ, Legros R, Zhao J, Li H, Grace JR. Circulating fluidized bed combustion of a high-sulphur eastern canadian coal. CAN J CHEM ENG 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450690406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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2473
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Zhao J, Rollins SA, Maher SE, Bothwell AL, Sims PJ. Amplified gene expression in CD59-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells confers protection against the membrane attack complex of human complement. J Biol Chem 1991; 266:13418-22. [PMID: 1712784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protection against the pore-forming activity of the human C5b-9 proteins was conferred on a nonprimate cell by transfection with cDNA encoding the human complement regulatory protein CD59. CD59 was stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells using the pFRSV mammalian expression vector. After cloning and selection, the transfected cells were maintained in media containing various concentrations of methotrexate, which induced surface expression of up to 4.2 x 10(6) molecules of CD59/cell. Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C removed greater than 95% of surface-expressed CD59 antigen, confirming that recombinant CD59 was tethered to the Chinese hamster ovary plasma membrane by a lipid anchor. The recombinant protein exhibited an apparent molecular mass of 21-24 kDa (versus 18-21 kDa for human erythrocyte CD59). After N-glycanase digestion, recombinant and erythrocyte CD59 comigrated with apparent molecular masses of 12-14 kDa, suggesting altered structure of asparagine-linked carbohydrate in recombinant versus erythrocyte CD59. The function of the recombinant protein was evaluated by changes in the sensitivity of the CD59 transfectants to the pore-forming activity of human C5b-9. Induction of cell-surface expression of CD59 antigen inhibited C5b-9 pore formation in a dose-dependent fashion. CD59 transfectants expressing greater than or equal to 1.2 x 10(6) molecules of CD59/cell were completely resistant to human serum complement. By contrast, CD59 transfectants remained sensitive to the pore-forming activity of guinea pig C8 and C9 (bound to human C5b67). Functionally blocking antibody against erythrocyte CD59 abolished the human complement resistance observed for the CD59-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. These results confirm that the C5b-9 inhibitory function of the human erythrocyte membrane is provided by CD59 and suggest that the gene for this protein can be expressed in xenotypic cells to confer protection against human serum complement.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104
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2474
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Zhao J. [Sweeping methods of floors and beds in burn ward]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1991; 26:293-4. [PMID: 1889099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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2475
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Zhao J, Rollins S, Maher S, Bothwell A, Sims P. Amplified gene expression in CD59-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells confers protection against the membrane attack complex of human complement. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)98856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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2476
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O'Daly J, Zhao J, Henkens R. Electrochemical enzyme immunoassay for detection of toxic substances. Enzyme Microb Technol 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(91)90037-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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2477
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Zhao J. [Treatment of acute cerebral infarction with PGI2--evaluating the clinical effect and observation of dynamic changes in plasma TXB2 and 6-keto PGF1 alpha levels]. Zhonghua Shen Jing Jing Shen Ke Za Zhi 1991; 24:138-40, 186-7. [PMID: 1889319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
18 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly subdivided into two groups: PGI2-treated group (11 cases) and low-molecular-weight Dextran-treated group (7 cases). Dosage of PGI2 was 2-5 ng/kg/min intravenous drip. Infusion was started within 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. The data showed that the plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were increased, the plasma TXB2 levels, MAR as well as the scores of neurological deficit were decreased in the PGI2-treated group. The clinical improvement in PGI2-treated group is better than that in the dextran-treated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Chongqing University of Medical Science
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2478
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2479
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Mascia L, Zhao J. Transverse orientation dies for solid-state extrusion of polymers. Part II: Orientation and properties of extrudates. POLYM ENG SCI 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.760310909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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2480
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Narukami H, Yoshioka K, Zhao J, Miike T. Experimental serotonin myopathy as an animal model of muscle degeneration and regeneration in muscular dystrophy. Acta Neuropathol 1991; 81:510-6. [PMID: 1858482 DOI: 10.1007/bf00310131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Degenerating and regenerating muscle fibers, in serotonin-induced myopathy (SM) of rats, were investigated histochemically, immunohistochemically and electron microscopically with polyclonal antibodies against dystrophin, type IV collagen and laminin. The myopathy produced was characterized by grouping of degenerating and regenerating muscle fibers, and degeneration of capillary endothelial cells. Dystrophin disappeared in an early stage of muscle degeneration and reappeared in an early stage of regeneration. On the other hand, type IV collagen and laminin were well preserved throughout the degeneration and regeneration processes, even on the shrunk and wrinkled basement membrane of empty muscle fibers after phagocytosis. Muscle fiber regeneration was completed within each tube of the preserved basement membrane through the fusion of myoblasts derived from satellite cells of single necrotic fibers, myotubes already being visible on the 1st or 2nd day of regeneration on light microscopy. These small regenerating myotubes did not fuse with each other at all. The findings in the present experimental SM study are compatible with those in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, especially at the preclinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Narukami
- Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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2481
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Rollins SA, Zhao J, Ninomiya H, Sims PJ. Inhibition of homologous complement by CD59 is mediated by a species-selective recognition conferred through binding to C8 within C5b-8 or C9 within C5b-9. J Immunol 1991; 146:2345-51. [PMID: 1706395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of the human complement regulatory protein CD59 to interact with terminal complement proteins in a species-selective manner was examined. When incorporated into chicken E, CD59 (purified from human E membranes) inhibited the cytolytic activity of the C5b-9 complex in a manner dependent on the species of origin of C8 and C9. Inhibition of C5b-9-mediated hemolysis was maximal when C8 and C9 were derived from human (hu) or baboon serum. By contrast, CD59 showed reduced activity when C8 and C9 were derived from dog or sheep serum, and no activity when C8 and C9 were derived from either rabbit or guinea pig (gp) serum. Similar specificity on the basis of the species of origin of C8 and C9 was also observed for CD59 endogenous to the human E membrane, using functionally blocking antibody against this cell surface protein to selectively abrogate its C5b-9-inhibitory activity. When E bearing human CD59 were exposed to C5b-8hu, CD59 was found to inhibit C5b-9-mediated lysis, regardless of the species of origin of C9, suggesting that the inhibitory function of CD59 can be mediated through recognition of species-specific domains expressed by human C8. Consistent with this interpretation, CD59 was found to bind to C5b-8hu but not to C5b67hu or C5b67huC8gp. Although CD59 failed to inhibit hemolysis mediated by C5b67huC8gpC9gp, its inhibitory function was observed for C5b67huC8gpC9hu, suggesting that, in addition to its interaction with C5b-8hu, CD59 also interacts in a species-selective manner with C9hu incorporated into C5b-9. Consistent with this interpretation, CD59 was found to bind both C5b67huC8gpC9hu and C5b-8huC9gp, but not C5b67huC8gpC9gp. Taken together, these data suggest that the capacity of CD59 to restrict the hemolytic activity of human serum complement involves a species-selective interaction of CD59, which involves binding to both the C8 and C9 components of the membrane attack complex. Although CD59 expresses selectivity for C8 and C9 of human origin, this "homologous restriction" is not absolute, and this human complement regulatory protein retains functional activity toward C8 and C9 of some nonprimate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Rollins
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104
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2482
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Rollins SA, Zhao J, Ninomiya H, Sims PJ. Inhibition of homologous complement by CD59 is mediated by a species-selective recognition conferred through binding to C8 within C5b-8 or C9 within C5b-9. The Journal of Immunology 1991. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.146.7.2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The capacity of the human complement regulatory protein CD59 to interact with terminal complement proteins in a species-selective manner was examined. When incorporated into chicken E, CD59 (purified from human E membranes) inhibited the cytolytic activity of the C5b-9 complex in a manner dependent on the species of origin of C8 and C9. Inhibition of C5b-9-mediated hemolysis was maximal when C8 and C9 were derived from human (hu) or baboon serum. By contrast, CD59 showed reduced activity when C8 and C9 were derived from dog or sheep serum, and no activity when C8 and C9 were derived from either rabbit or guinea pig (gp) serum. Similar specificity on the basis of the species of origin of C8 and C9 was also observed for CD59 endogenous to the human E membrane, using functionally blocking antibody against this cell surface protein to selectively abrogate its C5b-9-inhibitory activity. When E bearing human CD59 were exposed to C5b-8hu, CD59 was found to inhibit C5b-9-mediated lysis, regardless of the species of origin of C9, suggesting that the inhibitory function of CD59 can be mediated through recognition of species-specific domains expressed by human C8. Consistent with this interpretation, CD59 was found to bind to C5b-8hu but not to C5b67hu or C5b67huC8gp. Although CD59 failed to inhibit hemolysis mediated by C5b67huC8gpC9gp, its inhibitory function was observed for C5b67huC8gpC9hu, suggesting that, in addition to its interaction with C5b-8hu, CD59 also interacts in a species-selective manner with C9hu incorporated into C5b-9. Consistent with this interpretation, CD59 was found to bind both C5b67huC8gpC9hu and C5b-8huC9gp, but not C5b67huC8gpC9gp. Taken together, these data suggest that the capacity of CD59 to restrict the hemolytic activity of human serum complement involves a species-selective interaction of CD59, which involves binding to both the C8 and C9 components of the membrane attack complex. Although CD59 expresses selectivity for C8 and C9 of human origin, this "homologous restriction" is not absolute, and this human complement regulatory protein retains functional activity toward C8 and C9 of some nonprimate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Rollins
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104
| | - J Zhao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104
| | - H Ninomiya
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104
| | - P J Sims
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104
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2483
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Mintz SL, Pourkaviani M, Zhao J. Higgs boson production in 0(+) 0(+) nuclear transitions. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 43:1582-1584. [PMID: 9967211 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.43.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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2484
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Jiang YB, Wang YZ, Zhao J, Marchal G, Wang YX, Shen YL, Xing SZ, Li RG, Baert AL. Bone remodeling in hypervitaminosis D3. Radiologic-microangiographic-pathologic correlations. Invest Radiol 1991; 26:213-9. [PMID: 1647377 DOI: 10.1097/00004424-199103000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of bone changes in hypervitaminosis D3, we compared contact radiographs, microangiograms by injection of Chinese ink, and corresponding histopathologic macrosections of 66 rabbits that received different doses of vitamin D3. In early stages, radiographs showed subperiosteal bone resorption and porotic cortical bone. The corresponding microangiograms showed proliferating vessels in the periosteum and cortical bone with associated dilatation of the Haversian and Volkmann's canals. When metastatic calcification fills these intracortical caverns or the intertrabecular spaces in the metaphysis and physis, the bone shows a diffuse increased density on radiographs. A dense band in the metaphysis reflects a thickening of calcified chondromatrix due to a hypotrophy of the distal metaphyseal capillaries. Six to 12 weeks after vitamin D3 withdrawal, radiographs showed further increased density of the cortical bone, due to newly formed bone and metastatic calcification. Alternating bands of increased and decreased density in the metaphysis and physis reflect the reinvasion of normal vasculature between growth cartilage and calcified chondromatrix, with normalization of endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Jiang
- Department of Radiologic Pathology, Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, People's Republic of China
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2485
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Zhao J, Yoshioka K, Miike T, Kageshita T, Arao T. Nerve growth factor receptor immunoreactivity on the tunica adventitia of intramuscular blood vessels in childhood muscular dystrophies. Neuromuscul Disord 1991; 1:135-41. [PMID: 1668370 DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(91)90061-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Muscle tissues from cases of childhood neuromuscular disorders were examined immunohistochemically and immunoelectrophoretically using a monoclonal antibody against the human nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR). Strong NGFR immunoreactivity on the tunica adventitia of blood vessels and proliferating peripheral nerve endings in biopsied muscle specimens from muscular dystrophy patients was observed, but it was almost completely absent in specimens from non-diagnostic controls and cases of other neuromuscular disorders. This suggests a process in the sympathetic nervous system involving blood vessels in muscular dystrophies. Immunoblot analysis failed to show a band corresponding to 70-75 kd, the reported molecular size of the NGFR, but showed a clear band corresponding to 25 kd in muscular dystrophy patients, which is assumed to be a detached amino-terminal domain of the NGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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2486
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Abstract
To determine whether or not dystrophin really exists in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) of the retina, we studied control and mdx mice, using four kinds of polyclonal antibodies (DMDP-II, 60 kd, 30 kd and DMDP-IV) against dystrophin. Although control OPL showed a positive immunohistochemical reaction with all four antibodies, mdx OPL showed a positive reaction with DMDP-II and DMDP-IV, a negative reaction with 60 kd and 30 kd antibodies. Immunoblot analysis showed the positive band compatible with the immunohistochemical reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Division of Child Development, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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2487
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Jiang YB, Wang YZ, Zhao J, Marchal G, Wang YX, Shen YL, Xing SZ, Zhang XY, Baert AL. Metastatic calcification within bone. The main cause of osteosclerosis in hypervitaminosis D3. Radiologic-pathologic correlation. Invest Radiol 1990; 25:1188-96. [PMID: 2174836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Because the pathogenesis of osteosclerosis in hypervitaminosis D is still not well elucidated, the authors experimentally studied hypervitaminosis D3 in 66 rabbits by injecting different doses of vitamin D3. Contact radiographs of bone specimens showed various signs of osteosclerosis, including dense epiphyses and metaphyses, thickened bony articular surfaces, dense metaphyseal bands, modeling defects at the metaphysis, and dense and thickened cortical bone. The corresponding pathologic sections showed that conspicuous metastatic calcification coated the trabeculae and filled bone marrow cavity and caverns in the original but porotic cortical and periosteal new bone. Rather than being resorbed, the metastatic calcifications were embedded in a thick layer of newly formed bone 6 to 14 weeks after vitamin D3 withdrawal. This study suggests that in hypervitaminosis D3, the osteoblasts and bone marrow undergo degeneration, leading to necrosis and calcification. After vitamin D3 withdrawal, osteoblasts reappear and become overactive, leading to overossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Jiang
- Department of Radiologic Pathology, Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Peoples Republic of China
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2488
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Zhao J, Ding L, Li R. [Study of dental maturity in children aged 3-16 years in Chengdu]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1990; 21:242-6. [PMID: 2093059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dental maturity was studied in a group of 903 healthy children (boys: 465, girls: 438) born in Chengudu from 1972 through 1988. Dental maturity was estimated by the method of Demirjian and Goldstein, which is based on the development of seven left mandibular permanent teeth; teeth formation was studied. The standard and curves of dental maturity for Chengdu children (boys and girls) were constructed. At 3-5 years old, boys had their dental maturity slightly earlier than girls; there was no significant difference between boys and girls (P greater than 0.05). At the age of 7-14, girls were more advanced than boys (P less than 0.05). Developmental curves of seven left mandibular permanent teeth were plotted. The sexual difference was smaller at the crown developmental stage, and it increased during the root development. In all, girls were more advanced by 0.45 year than boys. The maximum average difference was 0.85 year for the canine. The time that each developmental stage has taken was shorter in 50% of girls as compared with that in boys, and it was longer in 28% of girls. There was no difference between boys and girls in the remaining 22% of cases.
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2489
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2490
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Abstract
Based on the results of previous investigations that pollen Typhae, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Had antiatherogenic effects, several components were isolated successively from the drug and their effects on porcine aortic endothelial cell (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) cultures as well as on platelet aggregation were examined. 12 components isolated from Pollen Typhae have been identified on their chemical structures and biological effects. 4 of them showed different evident antiatherogenic effects. 1) Isorhamnetin-3-O-rhamnosyl-glucoside could stimulate EC to produce tPA and PGI2; 2) Quercetin-3-O-neohesperidose could protect EC from injury by fibrin, as well as raise tPA activity; 3) beta-Sitosterol palmitate could inhibit SMC proliferation and 4) beta-Sitosterol glucoside showed an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. These results would provide some information for the search of new drugs in the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Shanghai Ins. of Hematol., Shanghai 2nd Med. Univ., China
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2491
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Zhao J. [Study chronic radiation-induced lens lesions]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 1990; 12:37-41. [PMID: 2140721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper observed the relationships among site, dose pathological morphology, pathogenesis, incidence, and diagnostic criteria in retrospectively evaluating 685 cases of chronic radiation-induced lens damage. We conclude that early diagnosis together with protective measures are indispensible to preventing and treating radiation-induced lens damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Zhejiang Branch, Hangzhou
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2492
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Zhao J, Liu Z, Ma C, Deng D. [A study on pathogen antigen and serodiagnosis of Malleus and Melioidosis with McAbs]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1990; 30:63-9. [PMID: 2343587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A study on pathogen antigen and serodiagnosis of Malleus and Mlioidosis was made with McAbs which are against Ps. mallei or Ps. pseudomallei. The results showed that (1) Ps. mallei and Ps. pseudomallei express different surface antigen types respectively, and there are antigen overlapping in some degree between them; (2) Epitope 2D4 is common to Ps. mallei and Ps. pseudomallei; (3) The antibody which is similar to McAbs 4D4 or 1A9 might be a common serum antibody of Malleus and Melioidosis; and (4) McAb 3A1 is a high specific one which reacts with Ps. pseudomallei only, and with it, it is possible to resolve the immunological problem of distinguishing diagnosis between Malleus and Melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- The Military Veterinary Institute, Veterinary College of PLA, Changchun
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2493
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2494
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Abstract
To analyze phenobarbital-inducible genes in the P450IIC subfamily, fragments of rabbit genomic DNA containing portions of the P450IIC1 and P450IIC4 genes were isolated and the DNA sequences of the 5'-flanking regions and exons were determined and compared to that of the P450IIC2 gene. The sequences have consensus TATA motifs about 20 bp from the mRNA initiation sites as determined by single-strand nuclease mapping and primer extension. Sequences similar to those for proposed liver-specific regulatory factors, HNF-1 and CCAAT, are found in the P450 5'-flanking regions. A glucocorticoid response element is present in the P450IIC2 gene but is not conserved in P450IIC1 or P450IIC4. Other sequences similar to binding sites for AP-1, the octamer binding proteins, and SPH-1 are present. Except for the TATA motif, none of the potential regulatory sequences was conserved at the same location in the different genes. The P450IIC1 and P450IIC2 genes exhibited high similarity detectable by dot matrix analysis throughout the 700 bp of sequenced 5'-flanking region while the P450IIC4 gene exhibited high similarity to both P450IIC1 and P450IIC2 only for about -150 nucleotides from the RNA initiation site. Southern analysis using probes from the 5' region of the P450IIC4 gene suggests that there are at least three closely related members in the P450IIC4 subgroup in agreement with previous studies. After phenobarbital treatment, levels of P450IIC4 mRNA increased about fourfold, as measured by dot blot hybridization with a P450IIC4-specific oligonucleotide probe or by single-strand nuclease mapping of the 5' end of the mRNA, indicating that the P450IIC4 gene characterized in this study is responsive to phenobarbital. Phenobarbital treatment of rabbits increased in vitro transcription of RNA for both the P450IIC1/2 and P450IIC4 gene subgroups but only slightly and transiently for the constitutive P450IIC3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana-Champaign 61801
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2495
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Zhao J, Zhang CY, Xu DM, Huang GQ, Xu YL, Wang ZY, Fang SD, Chen Y, Gu YL. Further study of pollen typhae's effects on the production of tPA and PGI, by cultured endothelial cells. Thromb Res 1989; 56:677-85. [PMID: 2517363 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(89)90285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We had reported that Pollen Typhae, a Chinese traditional herbal medicine could reduce atherosclerotic plaque formation in experimental animals. Fraction IV isolated from Pollen Typhae had the ability to raise tPA and PGI2 productions by cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells (EC). In this paper we reported that F.IV was divided chemically into four subfractions named SubF.1-4 among them SubF.2-2 was further separated from SubF.2, and SubF.4-1 from SubF.4. The six subfractions were tested for their effects on the productions of tPA (125I-fibrin plate method) and PGI2(RIA) by porcine endothelial cells. The results showed that SubF.3 could enhance tPA activity and SubF.2-2 could increase PGI2 level. With Chrono-Log 500 Lumi-Aggregometer, SubF.1,2-2 and 3 were found to be able to inhibit platelet aggregation and release reaction. These data indicated that the mechanisms of Pollen Typhae in its antiatherosclerotic effects were multiple which resulted from various biologic effects exerted by various components of this drug. Chemical analyses were performed and their structures were identified, demonstrating that SubF.2-2 was a flavonoid, while SubF.3 was a group of flavonoids, implying there are some antiatherogenic components in flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, People's Republic of China
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2496
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2497
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Zhao J, Qian YJ, Yu Z, Haerle ML, Yin S, Sato H, Pratt WP, Schroeder PA, Bass J. Very-low-temperature electrical resistivity of KRb, KNa, and LiMg alloys. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 40:10309-10321. [PMID: 9991576 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.10309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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2498
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Miyatake M, Miike T, Zhao J, Yoshioka K, Uchino M, Usuku G. Possible systemic smooth muscle layer dysfunction due to a deficiency of dystrophin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Neurol Sci 1989; 93:11-7. [PMID: 2681539 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(89)90157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The localization of dystrophin was examined immunohistochemically in various tissues from mice and rats as well as from biopsied human muscle specimens, using polyclonal antibodies against dystrophin. Although dystrophin was completely absent in biopsied muscle specimens from 3 male DMD patients, it was faintly observed in the surface membrane of almost all muscle fibers examined in a female DMD patient. In all controls, human and animal, a strong dystrophin reaction was observed in the surface membrane of intrafusal muscle fibers and at the neuromuscular junctions, rather than in the surface membrane of skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers. In addition, dystrophin was clearly localized in the surface membrane of smooth muscle fibers in the viscera, bronchial system, ureter, and tunica media of blood vessels, including arteries and veins, in all examined animal tissues. In mdx mice, dystrophin was absent in almost all muscle and smooth muscle fibers in various tissues and blood vessels. These results suggested a possible systemic dysfunction of smooth muscle layers, especially those of blood vessels, as well as skeletal muscle fibers, due to a deficiency of dystrophin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miyatake
- Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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2499
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Abstract
Synechocystis (PCC 6714) is photoinhibited at low photon flux density when illuminated in medium devoid of Na(+). Photosynthetic activity and variable fluorescence yield were measured in intact cells during the course of inhibition and during recovery from inhibition in order to characterize sequential inhibitory events. Photosystem II antenna chlorophyll becomes functionally disconnected from the reaction center in the first stage of inhibition, although energy is still transferred from phycobilin pigments to the reaction center. This occurs simultaneously with, or subsequent to, the previously observed (J Zhao, JJ Brand [1988] Arch Biochem Biophys 264: 657-664) inactivation of O(2)-evolution units in Na(+)-stressed cells. Addition of Na(+) to the culture medium rapidly restores the O(2)-evolving system, but reassociation of photosystem II antenna chlorophyll is much slower and requires new protein synthesis. A site nearer to the reaction center of photosystem II becomes inactivated in a secondary inhibitory event. Recovery from secondary inhibition occurs slowly and requires protein synthesis. Cells recovering from secondary inhibition produce active photosystem II units with a fully functional complement of antenna chlorophyll. Synechocystis is photoinhibited in complete (Na(+)-containing) medium when illuminated at high photon flux density. These photoinhibited cells exhibit the same recovery behavior as cells at the second stage of inhibition in Na(+)-deficient medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713
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2500
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Zhao J, Montano PA. Effect of the electron mean free path in small particles on the extended. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 40:3401-3404. [PMID: 9992293 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.3401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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