1
|
Aguirre Del-Pino R, Monahan RC, Huizinga TWJ, Eikenboom J, Steup-Beekman GM. Risk Factors for Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Semin Thromb Hemost 2024; 50:817-828. [PMID: 38228166 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Persistence of serum antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) is associated with a high thrombotic risk, both arterial and venous, and with pregnancy complications. Due to the potential morbidity and mortality associated with the presence of aPL, identifying and recognizing risk factors for the development of aPL and thrombosis in aPL carriers may help to prevent and reduce the burden of disease. Multiple elements are involved in the pathomechanism of aPL development and aPL-related thrombosis such as genetics, malignancy, and infections. This review will address the role of both well-known risk factors and their evolution, and of emerging risk factors, including COVID-19, in the development of aPL and thrombosis in aPL carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Aguirre Del-Pino
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Division of Rheumatology, A Coruña University Hospital (CHUAC), Galicia, Spain
| | - Rory C Monahan
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Eikenboom
- Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda M Steup-Beekman
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun HJ, Lu QB, Zhu XX, Ni ZR, Su JB, Fu X, Chen G, Zheng GL, Nie XW, Bian JS. Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide and Its Donors in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:846-895. [PMID: 38866561 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are major contributors to global mortality, emphasizing the critical need for novel therapeutic interventions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has garnered enormous attention as a significant gasotransmitter with various physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological impacts within mammalian cardiometabolic systems. In addition to its roles in attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response, burgeoning research emphasizes the significance of H2S in regulating proteins via persulfidation, a well known modification intricately associated with the pathogenesis of CMDs. This review seeks to investigate recent updates on the physiological actions of endogenous H2S and the pharmacological roles of various H2S donors in addressing diverse aspects of CMDs across cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Of note, advanced methodologies, including multiomics, intestinal microflora analysis, organoid, and single-cell sequencing techniques, are gaining traction due to their ability to offer comprehensive insights into biomedical research. These emerging approaches hold promise in characterizing the pharmacological roles of H2S in health and diseases. We will critically assess the current literature to clarify the roles of H2S in diseases while also delineating the opportunities and challenges they present in H2S-based pharmacotherapy for CMDs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This comprehensive review covers recent developments in H2S biology and pharmacology in cardiometabolic diseases CMDs. Endogenous H2S and its donors show great promise for the management of CMDs by regulating numerous proteins and signaling pathways. The emergence of new technologies will considerably advance the pharmacological research and clinical translation of H2S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Qing-Bo Lu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xue-Xue Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Zhang-Rong Ni
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jia-Bao Su
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao Fu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guo Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guan-Li Zheng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pernomian L, Blascke de Mello MM, Parente JM, Sanches-Lopes JM, Tanus-Santos JE, Parreiras E Silva LT, Antunes-Rodrigues J, da Conceição Dos Santos R, Elias LLK, Fabro AT, Silva CAA, Fazan R, de Castro MM. The hydrogen sulfide donor 4-carboxyphenyl-isothiocyanate decreases blood pressure and promotes cardioprotective effect through reduction of oxidative stress and nuclear factor kappa B/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 axis in hypertension. Life Sci 2024; 351:122819. [PMID: 38857651 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Our aim was to evaluate whether the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, 4-carboxyphenyl-isothiocyanate (4-CPI), exerts cardioprotective effect in the two kidney- one clip (2K-1C) rats through oxidative stress and MMP-2 activity attenuation and compare it with the classical H2S donor, Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaHS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Renovascular hypertension (two kidneys-one clip; 2K-1C) was surgically induced in male Wistar rats. After two weeks, normotensive (2K) and hypertensive rats were intraperitoneally treated with vehicle (0.6 % dimethyl sulfoxide), NaHS (0.24 mg/Kg/day) or with 4-CPI (0.24 mg/Kg/day), for more 4 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was evaluated weekly by tail-cuff plethysmography. Heart function was assessed by using the Millar catheter. Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, and Picrosirius Red staining, respectively. The H2S was analyzed using WSP-1 fluorimetry and the cardiac oxidative stress was measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence and Amplex Red. MMP-2 activity was measured by in-gel gelatin or in situ zymography assays. Nox1, gp91phox, MMP-2 and the phospho-p65 subunit (Serine 279) nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) levels were evaluated by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS 4-CPI reduced blood pressure in hypertensive rats, decreased cardiac remodeling and promoted cardioprotection through the enhancement of cardiac H2S levels. An attenuation of oxidative stress, with inactivation of the p65-NF-κB/MMP-2 axis was similarly observed after NaHS or 4-CPI treatment in 2K-1C hypertension. SIGNIFICANCE H2S is a mediator that promotes cardioprotective effects and decreases blood pressure, and 4-CPI seems to be a good candidate to reverse the maladaptive remodeling and cardiac dysfunction in renovascular hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Todorovic Fabro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo S, Zhang Y, Lian J, Su C, Wang H. The role of hydrogen sulfide in the regulation of necroptosis across various pathological processes. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05090-1. [PMID: 39138751 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a programmed cell death form executed by receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 1, RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), which assemble into an oligomer called necrosome. Accumulating evidence reveals that necroptosis participates in many types of pathological processes. Hence, clarifying the mechanism of necroptosis in pathological processes is particularly important for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. For over 300 years, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been widely known in the scientific community as a toxic and foul-smelling gas. However, after discovering the important physiological and pathological functions of H2S, human understanding of this small molecule changed, believing that H2S is the third gas signaling molecule after carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO). H2S plays an important role in various diseases, but the related mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that H2S regulation of necroptosis is involved in various pathological processes. Herein, we focus on the recent progress on the role of H2S regulation of necroptosis in different pathological processes and profoundly analyze the related mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Jingwen Lian
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Chunqi Su
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Markou M, Katsouda A, Papaioannou V, Argyropoulou A, Vanioti M, Tamvakopoulos C, Skaltsounis LA, Halabalaki M, Mitakou S, Papapetropoulos A. Anti-obesity effects of Beta vulgaris and Eruca sativa-based extracts. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39120436 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major source of morbidity worldwide with more than 2 billion adults being overweight or obese. The incidence of obesity has tripled in the last 50 years, leading to an increased risk for a variety of noncommunicable diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of green leafy vegetables on weight gain and obesity and have attributed these beneficial properties, at least in part, to nitrates and isothiocyanates. Nitrates are converted to nitric oxide (NO) and isothiocyanates are known to release hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Herein, we investigated the effect of extracts and fractions produced from Beta vulgaris and Eruca sativa for their ability to limit lipid accumulation, regulate glucose homeostasis, and reduce body weight. Extracts from the different vegetables were screened for their ability to limit lipid accumulation in adipocytes and hepatocytes and for their ability to promote glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cultures; the most effective extracts were next tested in vivo. Wild type mice were placed on high-fat diet for 8 weeks to promote weight gain; animals receiving the selected B. vulgaris and E. sativa extracts exhibited attenuated body weight. Treatment with extracts also led to reduced white adipose tissue depot mass, attenuated adipocyte size, reduced expression of Dgat2 and PPARγ expression, and improved liver steatosis. In contrast, the extracts failed to improve glucose tolerance in obese animals and did not affect blood pressure. Taken together, our data indicate that extracts produced from B. vulgaris and E. sativa exhibit anti-obesity effects, suggesting that dietary supplements containing nitrates and sulfide-releasing compounds might be useful in limiting weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Markou
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Katsouda
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Varvara Papaioannou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Argyropoulou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- PharmaGnose S.A., Oinofyta, Greece
| | - Marianna Vanioti
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantin Tamvakopoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leandros A Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Mitakou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang K, Chen Y, Zhang M, Wang S, Yao S, Gong Z, Fei B, Huang Z. Metformin suppresses gastric cancer progression by disrupting the STAT1-PRMT1 axis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116367. [PMID: 38876258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common form of cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for patients with unresectable or partially resectable GC. However, its adverse effects and chemoresistance greatly restrict its applicability and efficacy. Although HER2-targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been successfully used for GC treatment, their beneficial population is limited. To expand the range of cancer treatments, drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy. In this study, we evaluated the potential of Metformin, an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent, to suppress GC progression both in vivo and in vitro. Functional investigations showed that Metformin significantly inhibits GC proliferation and migration. Furthermore, we discovered that Metformin bound and disrupted STAT1 phosphorylation, inhibiting PRMT1 expression and consequently GC progression. In conclusion, our study not only provides further evidence for the anti-GC role of Metformin but also identifies the direct target mediating the tumor-inhibitory effects of Metformin in GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqing Wang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China; Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China; Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meimei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Suzeng Wang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China; Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China
| | - Surui Yao
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China; Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China; Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bojian Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China; Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hou S, Liu H, Hu Y, Zhang J, Deng X, Li Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Li Y, Ma L, Yao J, Chen X. Discovery of a novel homocysteine thiolactone hydrolase and the catalytic activity of its natural variants. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5098. [PMID: 38980003 PMCID: PMC11232049 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), a toxic metabolite of homocysteine (Hcy) in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), is known to modify protein structure and function, leading to protein damage through formation of N-Hcy-protein. HTL has been highly linked to HHcy-associated cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The protective role of HTL hydrolases against HTL-associated vascular toxicity and neurotoxicity have been reported. Although several endogeneous enzymes capable of hydrolyzing HTL have been identified, the primary enzyme responsible for its metabolism remains unclear. In this study, three human carboxylesterases were screened to explore new HTL hydrolase and human carboxylesterase 1 (hCES1) demonstrates the highest catalytic activity against HTL. Given the abundance of hCES1 in the liver and the clinical significance of its single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), six common hCES1 nonsynonymous coding SNP (nsSNPs) variants were examined and characterized for their kinetic parameters. Variants E220G and G143E displayed 7.3-fold and 13.2-fold lower catalytic activities than its wild-type counterpart. In addition, the detailed catalytic mechanism of hCES1 for HTL hydrolysis was computational investigated and elucidated by Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) molecular dynamics (MD) method. The function of residues E220 and G143 in sustaining its hydrolytic activity of hCES1 was analyzed, and the calculated energy difference aligns well with experimental-derived results, supporting the validity of our computational insights. These findings provide insights into the potential protective role of hCES1 against HTL-associated toxicity, and warrant future studies on the possible association between specific genetic variants of hCES1 with impaired catalytic function and clinical susceptibility of HTL-associated cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yihui Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xingyu Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yishuang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Lei Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Jianzhuang Yao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of JinanJinanChina
| | - Xiabin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Godbole S, Solomon JL, Johnson M, Srivastava A, Carsons SE, Belilos E, De Leon J, Reiss AB. Treating Cardiovascular Disease in the Inflammatory Setting of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Ongoing Challenge. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1608. [PMID: 39062180 PMCID: PMC11275112 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite progress in treating rheumatoid arthritis, this autoimmune disorder confers an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Widely used screening protocols and current clinical guidelines are inadequate for the early detection of CVD in persons with rheumatoid arthritis. Traditional CVD risk factors alone cannot be applied because they underestimate CVD risk in rheumatoid arthritis, missing the window of opportunity for prompt intervention to decrease morbidity and mortality. The lipid profile is insufficient to assess CVD risk. This review delves into the connection between systemic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis and the premature onset of CVD. The shared inflammatory and immunologic pathways between the two diseases that result in subclinical atherosclerosis and disrupted cholesterol homeostasis are examined. The treatment armamentarium for rheumatoid arthritis is summarized, with a particular focus on each medication's cardiovascular effect, as well as the mechanism of action, risk-benefit profile, safety, and cost. A clinical approach to CVD screening and treatment for rheumatoid arthritis patients is proposed based on the available evidence. The mortality gap between rheumatoid arthritis and non-rheumatoid arthritis populations due to premature CVD represents an urgent research need in the fields of cardiology and rheumatology. Future research areas, including risk assessment tools and novel immunotherapeutic targets, are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Allison B. Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (S.G.); (J.L.S.); (M.J.); (A.S.); (S.E.C.); (E.B.); (J.D.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang G, Liu Z, Dong S, Zhao X, Ge Z, Cheng Z, Zhang X, Wang K. Duodenal-jejunal bypass surgery activates eNOS and enhances antioxidant system by activating AMPK pathway to improve heart oxidative stress in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13516. [PMID: 38087869 PMCID: PMC11212293 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a serious complication of obesity with type 2 diabetes and is a major cause of mortality. Metabolic surgery, such as duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB), can effectively improve diabetic cardiomyopathy; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Oxidative stress is one of the pivotal mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our objective was to investigate the effect and potential mechanisms of DJB on oxidative stress in the heart of diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. METHODS High-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to establish diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. DJB was performed on diabetic cardiomyopathy rats, and high glucose and palmitate were used to simulate diabetic cardiomyopathy in H9C2 cells in vitro. Sera from different groups of rats were used for experiments in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS DJB effectively improved oxidative stress and activated the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway to increase endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation level and the expression of antioxidative system-related proteins and genes in the heart of diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. AMPK agonists and serum from DJB rats activated the AMPK pathway to increase eNOS phosphorylation level and the expression of antioxidative system-related proteins and genes and decreased the content of reactive oxygen species in H9C2 cells, but this improvement was almost eliminated by the addition of AMPK inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS DJB activates eNOS and enhances the antioxidant system by activating the AMPK pathway-and not solely by improving blood glucose-to improve oxidative stress in the heart of diabetic cardiomyopathy rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Yang
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Zitian Liu
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Shuohui Dong
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Zheng Ge
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of General SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tudurachi BS, Anghel L, Tudurachi A, Sascău RA, Zanfirescu RL, Stătescu C. Unraveling the Cardiac Matrix: From Diabetes to Heart Failure, Exploring Pathways and Potential Medications. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1314. [PMID: 38927520 PMCID: PMC11201699 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) often leads to heart failure (HF) through acute or chronic maladaptive remodeling processes. This establishes coronary artery disease (CAD) and HF as significant contributors to cardiovascular illness and death. Therefore, treatment strategies for patients with CAD primarily focus on preventing MI and lessening the impact of HF after an MI event. Myocardial fibrosis, characterized by abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, is central to cardiac remodeling. Understanding these processes is key to identifying new treatment targets. Recent studies highlight SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) as favorable options in managing type 2 diabetes due to their low hypoglycemic risk and cardiovascular benefits. This review explores inflammation's role in cardiac fibrosis and evaluates emerging anti-diabetic medications' effectiveness, such as SGLT2i, GLP1-RAs, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), in preventing fibrosis in patients with diabetes post-acute MI. Recent studies were analyzed to identify effective medications in reducing fibrosis risk in these patients. By addressing these areas, we can advance our understanding of the potential benefits of anti-diabetic medications in reducing cardiac fibrosis post-MI and improve patient outcomes in individuals with diabetes at risk of HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Sorin Tudurachi
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I. M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.T.); (R.-L.Z.)
| | - Larisa Anghel
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I. M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.T.); (R.-L.Z.)
| | - Andreea Tudurachi
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I. M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.T.); (R.-L.Z.)
| | - Radu Andy Sascău
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I. M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.T.); (R.-L.Z.)
| | - Răzvan-Liviu Zanfirescu
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I. M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.T.); (R.-L.Z.)
- Physiology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Stătescu
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute “Prof. Dr. George I. M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.T.); (R.-L.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Berardino C, Barceviciute U, Camerano Spelta Rapini C, Peserico A, Capacchietti G, Bernabò N, Russo V, Gatta V, Konstantinidou F, Donato M, Barboni B. High-fat diet-negative impact on female fertility: from mechanisms to protective actions of antioxidant matrices. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1415455. [PMID: 38915855 PMCID: PMC11194403 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1415455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Excessive calorie intake poses a significant threat to female fertility, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive challenges. Overconsumption of unhealthy fats exacerbates ovarian dysfunction, with an overproduction of reactive oxygen species causing oxidative stress, impairing ovarian follicle development and leading to irregular ovulation and premature ovarian failure. Interest in biological matrices with high antioxidant properties to combat diet-related oxidative stress has grown, as they contain various bioactive factors crucial for neutralizing free radicals potentially preventing female reproductive health. This systematic review evaluates the female reproductive impact of biological matrices in mitigating oxidative damages induced by over calory habits and, in particular, high fat diets. Methods A comparative approach among mammalian models was utilized to interpret literature available data. This approach specifically investigates the antioxidant mechanisms of biological matrices on early and late ovarian folliculogenesis, under physiological and hormone-induced female reproductive cycle. Adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, only English-language publications from peer-reviewed international indexes were considered. Results The analysis of 121 publications meeting the inclusion criteria facilitated the identification of crucial components of biological matrices. These components, including carbocyclic sugars, phytonutrients, organosulfur compounds, and vitamins, were evaluated for their impact on ovarian follicle resilience, oocyte quality, and reproductive lifespan. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress on female fertility, particularly exacerbated by high saturated fat diets, are well-documented. In vivo studies across mammalian preclinical models have underscored the potential of antioxidants derived from biological matrices to mitigate diet-induced conditions. These antioxidants enhance steroidogenesis and ovarian follicle development, thereby improving oocyte quality. Additionally, discussions within these publications emphasized the clinical significance of these biological matrices, translating research findings into practical applications for female health. Conclusion Further research is essential to fully exploit the potential of these matrices in enhancing female reproduction and mitigating the effects of diets rich in fatty acids. This requires intensified in vitro studies and comprehensive collection of in vivo data before clinical trials. The promotion of ovarian resilience offers promising avenues for enhancing understanding and advancing female reproductive health world-wide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Berardino
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Urte Barceviciute
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Peserico
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Giulia Capacchietti
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Russo
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Valentina Gatta
- Department of Psychological Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Fani Konstantinidou
- Department of Psychological Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marisa Donato
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Psychological Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chaudhary S, Kulkarni A. Metformin: Past, Present, and Future. Curr Diab Rep 2024; 24:119-130. [PMID: 38568468 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-024-01539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides the most recent update of metformin, a biguanide oral antihyperglycemic drug used as a first-line treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus. RECENT FINDINGS Metformin continues to dominate in the world of antidiabetics, and its use will continue to rise because of its high efficiency and easy availability. Apart from type 2 diabetes, research is exploring its potential in other conditions such as cancer, memory loss, bone disorders, immunological diseases, and aging. Metformin is the most prescribed oral antidiabetic worldwide. It has been in practical use for the last six decades and continues to be the preferred drug for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. It reduces glucose levels by decreasing hepatic glucose production, reducing intestinal glucose absorption, and increasing insulin sensitivity. It can be used as monotherapy or combined with other antidiabetics like sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors, or insulin, improving its efficacy. Metformin can be used once or twice daily, depending on requirements. Prolonged usage of metformin may lead to abdominal discomfort, deficiency of Vitamin B12, or lactic acidosis. It should be used carefully in patients with renal impairment. Recent studies have explored additional benefits of metformin in polycystic ovarian disease, gestational diabetes mellitus, cognitive disorders, and immunological diseases. However, more extensive studies are needed to confirm these additional benefits.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bahardoust M, Mousavi S, Yariali M, Haghmoradi M, Hadaegh F, Khalili D, Delpisheh A. Effect of metformin (vs. placebo or sulfonylurea) on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and incident cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:27-38. [PMID: 38932855 PMCID: PMC11196519 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Purpose The current umbrella review aimed to evaluate the effect of metformin on all-cause mortality (ACM), cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in DM patients. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched with special keywords. Related studies were included after screening by two independent investigators based on title and full texts. The AMSTAR2 checklist was used to assess the quality of studies, and Cochran tests were used to assess the heterogeneity between studies. Overall, seventeen systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies were included. The results revealed that the risk of ACM in patients who received metformin was lower than in patients who did not receive metformin. (OR: 0.80, 95% CI:0.744,0.855); also, the risk of CVD mortality in metformin patients was lower than in the other two groups (placebo and other anti-diabetic drugs) (OR: 0.771, 95% CI:0.688,0.853, P:0.001). The risk of CVD in metformin users was also lower than in the other two groups (OR: 0.828, 95% CI:0.781,0.785). Summary This comprehensive review showed that the risk of ACM, death due to CVD, and incidents of CVD in DM who use metformin was lower than the patients who received a placebo only or other diabetic drugs, which can guide clinicians in medical decision-making. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01309-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Bahardoust
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mousavi
- Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yariali
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Meisam Haghmoradi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Delpisheh
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Province, Velenjak7 ،th Floor, Bldg No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pulipaka S, Chempon H, Singuru G, Sahoo S, Shaikh A, Kumari S, Thennati R, Kotamraju S. Mitochondria-targeted esculetin and metformin delay endothelial senescence by promoting fatty acid β-oxidation: Relevance in age-associated atherosclerosis. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111931. [PMID: 38554949 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) plays a role in the onset of several age-associated diseases, including atherosclerosis. In the current work, we investigated the efficacies of mitochondria-targeted esculetin (Mito-Esc) and metformin in enhancing FAO in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), and its relevance in the delay of cellular senescence and age-associated atherosclerotic plaque formation in Apoe-/- mice. Chronic culturing of HAECs with either Mito-Esc or metformin increased oxygen consumption rates (OCR), and caused delay in senescence features. Conversely, etomoxir (CPT1 inhibitor) reversed Mito-Esc- and metformin-induced OCR, and caused premature endothelial senescence. Interestingly, Mito-Esc, unlike metformin, in the presence of etomoxir failed to preserve OCR. Thereby, underscoring Mito-Esc's exclusive reliance on FAO as an energy source. Mechanistically, chronic culturing of HAECs with either Mito-Esc or metformin led to AMPK activation, increased CPT1 activity, and acetyl-CoA levels along with a concomitant reduction in malonyl-CoA levels, and lipid accumulation. Similar results were observed in Apoe-/- mice aorta and liver tissue with a parallel reduction in age-associated atherosclerotic plaque formation and degeneration of liver with either Mito-Esc or metformin administration. Together, Mito-Esc and metformin by potentiating FAO, may have a role in the delay of cellular senescence by modulating mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriravali Pulipaka
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Hridya Chempon
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gajalakshmi Singuru
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shashikanta Sahoo
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Altab Shaikh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India; Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sunita Kumari
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rajamannar Thennati
- High Impact Innovations-Sustainable Health Solutions (HISHS), Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Vadodara 390012, India
| | - Srigiridhar Kotamraju
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Syed SU, Cortez JI, Wilson SJ. Depression, Inflammation, and the Moderating Role of Metformin: Results From the Midlife in the United States Study and Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:473-483. [PMID: 37910133 PMCID: PMC11039570 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression can promote inflammation and accelerate aging. Metformin, a widely prescribed antidiabetic, has shown promising preclinical evidence of aging-related health benefits, including decreased inflammation. The current study examined whether metformin usage buffers the association between depressive symptoms and inflammatory markers in two large samples of middle-aged and older, primarily White adults, and older Latino adults. METHODS Data from the Midlife in the United States Study ( N = 1255) and the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging ( N = 1786) included information on medication use, depressive symptoms, and inflammatory markers, namely, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α, and C-reactive protein (CRP). These data were merged into a harmonized sample, and the sample group variable was included in a three-way interaction for analysis. RESULTS Specifically, in the Midlife in the United States Study sample, metformin buffered the association between depressive symptoms and CRP ( b = -0.029, standard error [SE] = 0.013, p = .007) and IL-6 ( b = 0.21, SE = 0.010, p = .046), whereas no significant association was found with tumor necrosis factor α. Metformin nonusers displayed higher depressive symptoms associated with elevated CRP ( b = 0.01, SE = 0.003, p < .001) and IL-6 ( b = 0.011, SE = 0.003, p < .001), whereas this association was not present among metformin users ( p values > .068). Conversely, in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging sample, metformin use did not show a significant protective link. CONCLUSIONS Results from mostly White, highly educated adults supported a mitigating role of metformin in ties between depression, a well-known behavioral risk factor, and inflammation, a key source of biological aging. However, the benefits did not extend to a large sample of older Mexican Americans. The findings reveal a hidden potential benefit of this therapeutic agent and raise important questions around its health equity. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was preregistered on OSF ( https://osf.io/c92vw/ ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiyah U. Syed
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jared I. Cortez
- Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Moradi Digehsara M, Naghshiband Hassani R, Mahna N, Nicola S. Enhanced H 2S biogenesis followed by its postharvest application retarded senescence development by promoting multiple antioxidant protection systems in button mushroom during cold storage. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024; 30:293-306. [PMID: 37312521 DOI: 10.1177/10820132221133144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid postharvest quality deterioration of button mushroom as fruit body surface browning brings about senescence development and limits its distribution potential and postharvest storage. In this investigation, 0.5 mM of NaHS as the optimum concentration for H2S fumigation was applied to retain the quality of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms concerning some qualitative and biochemical attributes evaluation throughout 15 storage-day at 4 °C and 80-90% relative humidity. In H2S fumigated mushrooms, pileus browning index, weight loss and softening decreased, concomitant with higher cell membrane stability as revealed by subsidiary electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents compared to the control during the cold storage period. H2S fumigation boosted total phenolics, as presented by the enhanced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and total antioxidant scavenging activity, while polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity diminished. Moreover, in H2S fumigated mushrooms not only peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities but also ascorbic acid and glutathione (GSH) contents increased, even though glutathione (GSSG) content declined. The raised endogenous H2S level prompted by greater cystathionine ß-synthase (CBS), cystathionine ?-lyase (CSE), cysteine synthase (CS), L-cysteine desulfhydrases (LCD) and D-cysteine desulfhydrases (DCD) enzymes activities until 10d in fumigated mushrooms. In general, the increase in endogenous H2S biogenesis promoted by H2S fumigation in button mushrooms resulted in retarding senescence development, maintaining redox balance by boosting multiple enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants defense parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Moradi Digehsara
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Nasser Mahna
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Silvana Nicola
- Department of Agricultural, Forest, and Food Sciences -DISAFA, Horticultural Sciences -INHORTOSANITAS, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Greenwood JC, Morgan RW, Abella BS, Shofer FS, Baker WB, Lewis A, Ko TS, Forti RM, Yodh AG, Kao SH, Shin SS, Kilbaugh TJ, Jang DH. Carbon monoxide as a cellular protective agent in a swine model of cardiac arrest protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302653. [PMID: 38748750 PMCID: PMC11095756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) affects over 360,000 adults in the United States each year with a 50-80% mortality prior to reaching medical care. Despite aggressive supportive care and targeted temperature management (TTM), half of adults do not live to hospital discharge and nearly one-third of survivors have significant neurologic injury. The current treatment approach following cardiac arrest resuscitation consists primarily of supportive care and possible TTM. While these current treatments are commonly used, mortality remains high, and survivors often develop lasting neurologic and cardiac sequela well after resuscitation. Hence, there is a critical need for further therapeutic development of adjunctive therapies. While select therapeutics have been experimentally investigated, one promising agent that has shown benefit is CO. While CO has traditionally been thought of as a cellular poison, there is both experimental and clinical evidence that demonstrate benefit and safety in ischemia with lower doses related to improved cardiac/neurologic outcomes. While CO is well known for its poisonous effects, CO is a generated physiologically in cells through the breakdown of heme oxygenase (HO) enzymes and has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. While CO has been studied in myocardial infarction itself, the role of CO in cardiac arrest and post-arrest care as a therapeutic is less defined. Currently, the standard of care for post-arrest patients consists primarily of supportive care and TTM. Despite current standard of care, the neurological prognosis following cardiac arrest and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) remains poor with patients often left with severe disability due to brain injury primarily affecting the cortex and hippocampus. Thus, investigations of novel therapies to mitigate post-arrest injury are clearly warranted. The primary objective of this proposed study is to combine our expertise in swine models of CO and cardiac arrest for future investigations on the cellular protective effects of low dose CO. We will combine our innovative multi-modal diagnostic platform to assess cerebral metabolism and changes in mitochondrial function in swine that undergo cardiac arrest with therapeutic application of CO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John C. Greenwood
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Ryan W. Morgan
- Resuscitation Science Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Benjamin S. Abella
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Frances S. Shofer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Wesley B. Baker
- Resuscitation Science Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Alistair Lewis
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Tiffany S. Ko
- Resuscitation Science Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo M. Forti
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Shih-Han Kao
- Resuscitation Science Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Samuel S. Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Todd J. Kilbaugh
- Resuscitation Science Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - David H. Jang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Resuscitation Science Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ravic M, Srejovic I, Novakovic J, Andjic M, Sretenovic J, Muric M, Nikolic M, Bolevich S, Alekseevich Kasabov K, Petrovich Fisenko V, Stojanovic A, Jakovljevic V. Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:525. [PMID: 38675485 PMCID: PMC11053642 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents an important factor that increases the risk of myocardial infarction, and more severe complications. Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) exhibit cardioprotective potential, but their efficacy in MetS-related myocardial dysfunction has not been fully explored. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of exenatide and dulaglutide on heart function and redox balance in MetS-induced rats. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats with induced MetS were divided into three groups: MetS, exenatide-treated (5 µg/kg), dulaglutide-treated (0.6 mg/kg). After 6 weeks of treatment, in vivo heart function was assessed via echocardiography, while ex vivo function was evaluated using a Langendorff apparatus to simulate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Heart tissue samples were analyzed histologically, and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured spectrophotometrically from the coronary venous effluent. Both exenatide and dulaglutide significantly improved the ejection fraction by 3% and 7%, respectively, compared to the MetS group. Histological analyses corroborated these findings, revealing a reduction in the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes by 11% in the exenatide and 18% in the dulaglutide group, indicating reduced myocardial damage in GLP-1RA-treated rats. Our findings suggest strong cardioprotective potential of GLP-1RAs in MetS, with dulaglutide showing a slight advantage. Thus, both exenatide and dulaglutide are potentially promising targets for cardioprotection and reducing mortality in MetS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Ravic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Jovana Novakovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Marijana Andjic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Jasmina Sretenovic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Maja Muric
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Nikolic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Kirill Alekseevich Kasabov
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Vladimir Petrovich Fisenko
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Aleksandra Stojanovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kamenshchyk A, Belenichev I, Oksenych V, Kamyshnyi O. Combined Pharmacological Modulation of Translational and Transcriptional Activity Signaling Pathways as a Promising Therapeutic Approach in Children with Myocardial Changes. Biomolecules 2024; 14:477. [PMID: 38672493 PMCID: PMC11047929 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is the most common condition that accompanies heart development in children. Transcriptional gene expression regulating pathways play a critical role both in cardiac embryogenesis and in the pathogenesis of congenital hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, neonatal posthypoxic myocardial hypertrophy, and congenital heart diseases. This paper describes the state of cardiac gene expression and potential pharmacological modulators at different transcriptional levels. An experimental model of perinatal cardiac hypoxia showed the downregulated expression of genes responsible for cardiac muscle integrity and overexpressed genes associated with energy metabolism and apoptosis, which may provide a basis for a therapeutic approach. Current evidence suggests that RNA drugs, theaflavin, neuraminidase, proton pumps, and histone deacetylase inhibitors are promising pharmacological agents in progressive cardiac hypertrophy. The different points of application of the above drugs make combined use possible, potentiating the effects of inhibition in specific signaling pathways. The special role of N-acetyl cysteine in both the inhibition of several signaling pathways and the reduction of oxidative stress was emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Kamenshchyk
- Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Zaporizhzhya State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69035 Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine
| | - Igor Belenichev
- Department of Pharmacology, Zaporizhzhya State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69035 Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine;
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bates JN, Getsy PM, Coffee GA, Baby SM, MacFarlane PM, Hsieh YH, Knauss ZT, Bubier JA, Mueller D, Lewis SJ. Lipophilic analogues of D-cysteine prevent and reverse physical dependence to fentanyl in male rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1336440. [PMID: 38645835 PMCID: PMC11026688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1336440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We examined whether co-injections of the cell-permeant D-cysteine analogues, D-cysteine ethyl ester (D-CYSee) and D-cysteine ethyl amide (D-CYSea), prevent acquisition of physical dependence induced by twice-daily injections of fentanyl, and reverse acquired dependence to these injections in freely-moving male Sprague Dawley rats. Injection of the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone HCl (NLX, 1.5 mg/kg, IV), elicited a series of withdrawal phenomena that included cardiorespiratory and behavioral responses, and falls in body weight and body temperature, in rats that received 5 or 10 injections of fentanyl (125 μg/kg, IV), and the same number of vehicle co-injections. Regarding the development of physical dependence, the NLX-precipitated withdrawal phenomena were markedly reduced in fentanyl-injected rats that had received co-injections of D-CYSee (250 μmol/kg, IV) or D-CYSea (100 μmol/kg, IV), but not D-cysteine (250 μmol/kg, IV). Regarding reversal of established dependence to fentanyl, the NLX-precipitated withdrawal phenomena in rats that had received 10 injections of fentanyl (125 μg/kg, IV) was markedly reduced in rats that received co-injections of D-CYSee (250 μmol/kg, IV) or D-CYSea (100 μmol/kg, IV), but not D-cysteine (250 μmol/kg, IV), starting with injection 6 of fentanyl. This study provides evidence that co-injections of D-CYSee and D-CYSea prevent the acquisition of physical dependence, and reverse acquired dependence to fentanyl in male rats. The lack of effect of D-cysteine suggests that the enhanced cell-penetrability of D-CYSee and D-CYSea into cells, particularly within the brain, is key to their ability to interact with intracellular signaling events involved in acquisition to physical dependence to fentanyl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bates
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Paulina M. Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Gregory A. Coffee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Santhosh M. Baby
- Section of Biology, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Peter M. MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Yee-Hsee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zackery T. Knauss
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | | | - Devin Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mangoni AA, Zinellu A. Transsulfuration and folate pathways in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14158. [PMID: 38214126 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomic assessment of the transsulfuration and folic acid biochemical pathways could lead to the identification of promising biomarkers of nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of transsulfuration (methionine, homocysteine, and cysteine) and folic acid (folic acid, vitamin B6 , and vitamin B12 ) metabolites in RA patients in remission and healthy controls. Electronic databases were searched from inception to 15 July 2023 for relevant articles. We assessed the risk of bias using the JBI checklist and the certainty of evidence using GRADE. RESULTS In 28 eligible studies, compared to controls, RA patients had significantly higher concentrations of homocysteine (standardized mean difference, SMD = 0.74, 95% CI 0.54-0.93, p < 0.001; low certainty of evidence) and methionine (SMD = 1.00, 95% CI 0.57-1.44, p < 0.001; low certainty) and lower concentrations of vitamin B6 (SMD = -6.62, 95% CI -9.65 to -3.60, p < 0.001; low certainty). By contrast, there were non-significant between-group differences in vitamin B12 and folic acid. In meta-regression and subgroup analysis, there were no associations between the effect size and several study and patient characteristics except for homocysteine (year of publication, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, and analytical method) and folic acid (biological matrix). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study suggest that homocysteine, methionine, and vitamin B6 are promising biomarkers to assess nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress in RA. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023461081).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shi X, Li H, Guo F, Li D, Xu F. Novel ray of hope for diabetic wound healing: Hydrogen sulfide and its releasing agents. J Adv Res 2024; 58:105-115. [PMID: 37245638 PMCID: PMC10982866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disease accompanied by difficulties in wound healing placing a severe financial and physical burden on patients. As one of the important signal transduction molecules, both endogenous and exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was found to promote diabetic wound healing in recent studies. H2S at physiological concentrations can not only promote cell migration and adhesion functions, but also resist inflammation, oxidative stress and inappropriate remodeling of the extracellular matrix. AIM OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize current research on the function of H2S in diabetic wound healing at all stages, and propose future directions. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In this review, first, the various factors affecting wound healing under diabetic pathological conditions and the in vivo H2S generation pathway are briefly introduced. Second, how H2S may improve diabetic wound healing is categorized and described. Finally, we discuss the relevant H2S donors and new dosage forms, analyze and reveal the characteristics of many typical H2S donors, which may provide new ideas for the development of H2S-released agents to improve diabetic wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Shi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Haonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Fengrui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Fanxing Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Y, Zhao H, Fu X, Wang K, Yang J, Zhang X, Wang H. The role of hydrogen sulfide regulation of pyroptosis in different pathological processes. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116254. [PMID: 38377826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is one kind of programmed cell death in which the cell membrane ruptures and subsequently releases cell contents and pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-18. Pyroptosis is caused by many types of pathological stimuli, such as hyperglycemia (HG), oxidative stress, and inflammation, and is mediated by gasdermin (GSDM) protein family. Increasing evidence indicates that pyroptosis plays an important role in multiple diseases, such as cancer, kidney diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the regulation of pyroptosis is crucial for the occurrence, development, and treatment of many diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a biologically active gasotransmitter following carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NO) in mammalian tissues. So far, three enzymes, including 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphurtransferase (3-MST), cystathionine γ- Lyase (CSE), and Cystine β-synthesis enzyme (CBS), have been found to catalyze the production of endogenous H2S in mammals. H2S has been reported to have multiple biological functions including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis and so on. Hence, H2S is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, many studies have demonstrated that H2S plays a critical role by regulating pyroptosis in various pathological processes, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, alcoholic liver disease, and diabetes cardiomyopathy. However, the relevant mechanism has not been completely understood. Therefore, elucidating the mechanism by which H2S regulates pyroptosis in diseases will help understand the pathogenesis of multiple diseases and provide important new avenues for the treatment of many diseases. Here, we reviewed the progress of H2S regulation of pyroptosis in different pathological processes, and analyzed the molecular mechanism in detail to provide a theoretical reference for future related research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Huijie Zhao
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiaodi Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Kexiao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Jiahao Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | | | - Honggang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Skórkowska A, Krzyżanowska W, Bystrowska B, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, Pomierny B, Budziszewska B. The Hydrogen Sulfide Donor AP39 Reduces Glutamate-mediated Excitotoxicity in a Rat Model of Brain Ischemia. Neuroscience 2024; 539:86-102. [PMID: 37993086 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of stroke cases are classified as ischemic stroke, but effective pharmacotherapy strategies to treat brain infarction are still limited. Glutamate, which is a primary mediator of excitotoxicity, contributes to neuronal damage in numerous pathologies, including ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the hydrogen sulfide donor AP39 on excitotoxicity. AP39 was administered as a single dose of 100 nmol/kg b.w. i.v. 10 min after the restoration of blood flow and 100 min after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Neurological deficits by Phillips's score, and infarct volume by TTC staining were evaluated (n = 8). LC-MS was used to determine the extracellular glutamate concentration in microdialysates collected intrasurgically and from freely moving animals 24 h and 3 days after reperfusion (n = 6). The expression of proteins involved in the regulation of glutamatergic transmission was investigated 24 h after reperfusion by Western-blot analysis (n = 6). The results were verified by double-immunostaining of brain cryosections (n = 6). The results showed a significant longitudinal decrease in extracellular glutamate concentrations in the motor cortex and hippocampus in MCAO + AP39 rats compared to MCAO rats. Moreover, the administration of AP39 increased the content of the GLT-1 transporter and reduced the content of VGLUT1 in the ischemic core. Upregulation of the GLT-1 transporter responsible for glutamate reuptake from the synaptic cleft, and downregulation of VGLUT1, which regulates glutamate transport to synaptic vesicles, indicate that these are important mechanisms by which AP39 reduces extracellular glutamate concentrations and, consequently, excitotoxicity after ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Skórkowska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Weronika Krzyżanowska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Beata Bystrowska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter Medical School, EX1 2LU Exeter, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter Medical School, EX1 2LU Exeter, United Kingdom.
| | - Bartosz Pomierny
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Bogusława Budziszewska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fu WJ, Huo JL, Mao ZH, Pan SK, Liu DW, Liu ZS, Wu P, Gao ZX. Emerging role of antidiabetic drugs in cardiorenal protection. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1349069. [PMID: 38384297 PMCID: PMC10880452 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1349069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has led to widespread multi-system damage, especially in cardiovascular and renal functions, heightening morbidity and mortality. Emerging antidiabetic drugs sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) have demonstrated efficacy in preserving cardiac and renal function, both in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. To understand the exact impact of these drugs on cardiorenal protection and underlying mechanisms, we conducted a comprehensive review of recent large-scale clinical trials and basic research focusing on SGLT2i, GLP-1RAs, and DPP-4i. Accumulating evidence highlights the diverse mechanisms including glucose-dependent and independent pathways, and revealing their potential cardiorenal protection in diabetic and non-diabetic cardiorenal disease. This review provides critical insights into the cardiorenal protective effects of SGLT2i, GLP-1RAs, and DPP-4i and underscores the importance of these medications in mitigating the progression of cardiovascular and renal complications, and their broader clinical implications beyond glycemic management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jia Fu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ling Huo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zi-Hui Mao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shao-Kang Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Wei Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Xiuzi Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zou J, Yuan Z, Chen X, Chen Y, Yao M, Chen Y, Li X, Chen Y, Ding W, Xia C, Zhao Y, Gao F. Hydrogen sulfide responsive nanoplatforms: Novel gas responsive drug delivery carriers for biomedical applications. Asian J Pharm Sci 2024; 19:100858. [PMID: 38362469 PMCID: PMC10867614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic, essential gas used in various biological and physical processes and has been the subject of many targeted studies on its role as a new gas transmitter. These studies have mainly focused on the production and pharmacological side effects caused by H2S. Therefore, effective strategies to remove H2S has become a key research topic. Furthermore, the development of novel nanoplatforms has provided new tools for the targeted removal of H2S. This paper was performed to review the association between H2S and disease, related H2S inhibitory drugs, as well as H2S responsive nanoplatforms (HRNs). This review first analyzed the role of H2S in multiple tissues and conditions. Second, common drugs used to eliminate H2S, as well as their potential for combination with anticancer agents, were summarized. Not only the existing studies on HRNs, but also the inhibition H2S combined with different therapeutic methods were both sorted out in this review. Furthermore, this review provided in-depth analysis of the potential of HRNs about treatment or detection in detail. Finally, potential challenges of HRNs were proposed. This study demonstrates the excellent potential of HRNs for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Zou
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zeting Yuan
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - You Chen
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Yao
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenxing Ding
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chuanhe Xia
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Optogenetics and Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Optogenetics and Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Machado-Neto JA, Cerqueira ARA, Veríssimo-Filho S, Muscará MN, Costa SKP, Lopes LR. Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications in Cancer Progression and Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:250-271. [PMID: 37597204 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Cancer is a complex and heterotypic structure with a spatial organization that contributes to challenges in therapeutics. Enzymes associated with producing the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are differentially expressed in tumors. Indeed, critical and paradoxical roles have been attributed to H2S in cancer-promoting characteristics by targeting both cancer cells and their milieu. This review focuses on the evidence and knowledge gaps of H2S on the tumor redox microenvironment and the pharmacological effects of H2S donors on cancer biology. Recent Advances: Endogenous and pharmacological concentrations of H2S evoke different effects on the same cell type: physiological H2S concentrations have been associated with tumor development and progression. In contrast, pharmacological concentrations have been associated with anticancer effects. Critical Issues: The exact threshold between the promotion and inhibition of tumorigenesis by H2S is largely unknown. The main issues covered in this review include H2S-modulated signaling pathways that are critical for cancer cells, the potential effects of H2S on cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, temporal modulation of H2S in promoting or inhibiting tumor progression (similar to observed for inflammation), and pharmacological agents that modulate H2S and which could play a role in antineoplastic therapy. Future Directions: Given the complexity and heterogeneity of tumor composition, mechanistic studies on context-dependent pharmacological effects of H2S donors for cancer therapy are necessary. These studies must determine the critical signaling pathways and the cellular components involved to allow advances in the rational use of H2S donors as antineoplastic agents. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 250-271.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sidney Veríssimo-Filho
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nicolás Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Soraia Kátia Pereira Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Rossetti Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Baby SM, May WJ, Young AP, Wilson CG, Getsy PM, Coffee GA, Lewis THJ, Hsieh YH, Bates JN, Lewis SJ. L-cysteine ethylester reverses the adverse effects of morphine on breathing and arterial blood-gas chemistry while minimally affecting antinociception in unanesthetized rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116081. [PMID: 38219385 PMCID: PMC10922989 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
L-cysteine ethylester (L-CYSee) is a membrane-permeable analogue of L-cysteine with a variety of pharmacological effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of L-CYSee on morphine-induced changes in ventilation, arterial-blood gas (ABG) chemistry, Alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient (i.e., a measure of the index of alveolar gas-exchange), antinociception and sedation in male Sprague Dawley rats. An injection of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) produced adverse effects on breathing, including sustained decreases in minute ventilation. L-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV) given 15 min later immediately reversed the actions of morphine. Another injection of L-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV) after 15 min elicited more pronounced excitatory ventilatory responses. L-CYSee (250 or 500 μmol/kg, IV) elicited a rapid and prolonged reversal of the actions of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) on ABG chemistry (pH, pCO2, pO2, sO2) and A-a gradient. L-serine ethylester (an oxygen atom replaces the sulfur; 500 μmol/kg, IV), was ineffective in all studies. L-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV) did not alter morphine (10 mg/kg, IV)-induced sedation, but slightly reduced the overall duration of morphine (5 or 10 mg/kg, IV)-induced analgesia. In summary, L-CYSee rapidly overcame the effects of morphine on breathing and alveolar gas-exchange, while not affecting morphine sedation or early-stage analgesia. The mechanisms by which L-CYSee modulates morphine depression of breathing are unknown, but appear to require thiol-dependent processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh M Baby
- Department of Drug Discovery, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, USA
| | - Walter J May
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alex P Young
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Christopher G Wilson
- Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, USA
| | - Paulina M Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gregory A Coffee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Yee-Hee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James N Bates
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Stephen J Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sabbar R, Kadhim SAA, Fawzi HA, Flayih A, Mohammad B, Swadi A. The impact of empagliflozin and metformin on cardiac parameters in patients with mid-range ejection fraction heart failure without diabetes. J Med Life 2024; 17:57-62. [PMID: 38737651 PMCID: PMC11080507 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains a significant problem for healthcare systems, requiring the use of intervention and multimodal management strategies. We aimed to assess the short-term effect of empagliflozin (EMPA) and metformin on cardiac function parameters, including ventricular dimension-hypertrophy, septal thickness, ejection fraction (EF), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in patients with HF and mildly reduced EF. A case-control study included 60 newly diagnosed patients with HF. Patients were divided into two groups: Group E received standard HF treatment (carvedilol, bumetanide, sacubitril-valsartan, spironolactone) plus EMPA 10 mg daily, and Group M received standard HF treatment plus metformin 500 mg daily. After three months of treatment, Group E had a significantly higher EF than Group M compared to initial measurements (a change of 9.2% versus 6.1%, respectively). We found similar results in the left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD), with mean reductions of 0.72 mm for Group E and 0.23 mm for Group M. Regarding cardiac indicators, the level of NT-proBNP was considerably decreased in both groups. However, the reduction was significantly greater in group E than in group M compared to the initial level (mean reduction: 719.9 vs. 973.6, respectively). When combined with quadruple anti-heart failure therapy, metformin enhanced several echocardiographic parameters, showing effects similar to those of EMPA when used in the same treatment regimen. However, the benefits of EMPA were more pronounced, particularly regarding improvements in EF and LVESD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reeman Sabbar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | - Sinaa Abdul Amir Kadhim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | | | - Ali Flayih
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | - Bassim Mohammad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | - Asma Swadi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cao LN, Wang YY, Hou XY, Zheng HD, Wei RZ, Zhao RR, Shen WY, Yang Y, Chu JF, Tian GY, Xiao J, Tian T. New insights on the association of weight loss with the reduction in carotid intima-media thickness among patients with obesity: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2024; 226:248-254. [PMID: 38091813 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a noninvasive marker of atherosclerosis, a typical pathologic process underlying cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It is essential to explore the relationships between weight loss and the reduction of CIMT. STUDY DESIGN This was an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to collect relevant clinical trials. The pooled results of meta-analyses were assessed by weighted mean difference (WMD) and the corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS Thirty-three articles involving 2273 participants were collected in this meta-analysis. Among all participants with obesity, the pooled mean of weight loss was -23.26 kg (95% CI: -27.71 to -18.81), and the pooled mean change of CIMT was -0.06 mm (95% CI: -0.08 to -0.04). Compared with Non-surgical interventions, Surgical ones could lead to much higher weight loss (Pbetween groups < 0.001). A more significant CIMT reduction was identified among Surgical intervention patients than among Non-surgical intervention participants (Pbetween groups < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Effective interventions, especially Surgical interventions, could reduce the weight of patients with obesity, followed by the decline of CIMT, which might further disturb atherosclerosis progression and lower CVD risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L N Cao
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Y Y Wang
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - X Y Hou
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nantong, Nantong 226007, China
| | - H D Zheng
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - R Z Wei
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - R R Zhao
- The Department of Oncology, Jiangdu People's Hospital of Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225202, China
| | - W Y Shen
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Y Yang
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - J F Chu
- The Department of Oncology, Jiangdu People's Hospital of Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225202, China
| | - G Y Tian
- The Department of Oncology, Jiangdu People's Hospital of Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225202, China.
| | - J Xiao
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - T Tian
- The Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Agress S, Sheikh JS, Ramos AAP, Kashyap D, Razmjouei S, Kumar J, Singh M, Lak MA, Osman A, Zia Ul Haq M. The Interplay of Comorbidities in Chronic Heart Failure: Challenges and Solutions. Curr Cardiol Rev 2024; 20:13-29. [PMID: 38347774 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x289572240206112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (HF) is frequently associated with various comorbidities. These comorbid conditions, such as anemia, diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, and sleep apnea, can significantly impact the prognosis of patients with HF. OBJECTIVE This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the prevalence, impact, and management of comorbidities in patients with chronic HF. METHODS A comprehensive review was conducted, with a rigorous selection process. Out of an initial pool of 59,030 articles identified across various research modalities, 134 articles were chosen for inclusion. The selection spanned various research methods, from randomized controlled trials to observational studies. RESULTS Comorbidities are highly prevalent in patients with HF and contribute to increased hospitalization rates and mortality. Despite advances in therapies for HF with reduced ejection fraction, options for treating HF with preserved ejection fraction remain sparse. Existing treatment protocols often lack standardization, reflecting a limited understanding of the intricate relationships between HF and associated comorbidities. CONCLUSION There is a pressing need for a multidisciplinary, tailored approach to manage HF and its intricate comorbidities. This review underscores the importance of ongoing research efforts to devise targeted treatment strategies for HF patients with various comorbid conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jannat S Sheikh
- CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Durlav Kashyap
- West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Soha Razmjouei
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Joy Kumar
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
| | | | - Muhammad Ali Lak
- Department of Internal Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Osman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ul Haq
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tong Y, Zuo Z, Li X, Li M, Wang Z, Guo X, Wang X, Sun Y, Chen D, Zhang Z. Protective role of perivascular adipose tissue in the cardiovascular system. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1296778. [PMID: 38155947 PMCID: PMC10753176 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1296778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the key role played by perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the protection of cardiovascular health. PVAT is a specific type of adipose tissue that wraps around blood vessels and has recently emerged as a critical factor for maintenance of vascular health. Through a profound exploration of existing research, this review sheds light on the intricate structural composition and cellular origins of PVAT, with a particular emphasis on combining its regulatory functions for vascular tone, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial function. The review then delves into the intricate mechanisms by which PVAT exerts its protective effects, including the secretion of diverse adipokines and manipulation of the renin-angiotensin complex. The review further examines the alterations in PVAT function and phenotype observed in several cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure. Recognizing the complex interactions of PVAT with the cardiovascular system is critical for pursuing breakthrough therapeutic strategies that can target cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this review aims to augment present understanding of the protective role of PVAT in cardiovascular health, with a special emphasis on elucidating potential mechanisms and paving the way for future research directions in this evolving field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tong
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Zuo
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinqi Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minghua Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenggui Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxue Guo
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xishu Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bates JN, Getsy PM, Coffee GA, Baby SM, MacFarlane PM, Hsieh YH, Knauss ZT, Bubier JA, Mueller D, Lewis SJ. L-cysteine ethyl ester prevents and reverses acquired physical dependence on morphine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1303207. [PMID: 38111383 PMCID: PMC10726967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1303207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of addiction/dependence on morphine may result from the ability of the opioid to diminish the transport of L-cysteine into neurons via inhibition of excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAA3). The objective of this study was to determine whether the co-administration of the cell-penetrant L-thiol ester, L-cysteine ethyl ester (L-CYSee), would reduce physical dependence on morphine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Injection of the opioid-receptor antagonist, naloxone HCl (NLX; 1.5 mg/kg, IP), elicited pronounced withdrawal phenomena in rats which received a subcutaneous depot of morphine (150 mg/kg) for 36 h and were receiving a continuous infusion of saline (20 μL/h, IV) via osmotic minipumps for the same 36 h period. The withdrawal phenomena included wet-dog shakes, jumping, rearing, fore-paw licking, 360° circling, writhing, apneas, cardiovascular (pressor and tachycardia) responses, hypothermia, and body weight loss. NLX elicited substantially reduced withdrawal syndrome in rats that received an infusion of L-CYSee (20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) for 36 h. NLX precipitated a marked withdrawal syndrome in rats that had received subcutaneous depots of morphine (150 mg/kg) for 48 h) and a co-infusion of vehicle. However, the NLX-precipitated withdrawal signs were markedly reduced in morphine (150 mg/kg for 48 h)-treated rats that began receiving an infusion of L-CYSee (20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) at 36 h. In similar studies to those described previously, neither L-cysteine nor L-serine ethyl ester (both at 20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) mimicked the effects of L-CYSee. This study demonstrates that 1) L-CYSee attenuates the development of physical dependence on morphine in male rats and 2) prior administration of L-CYSee reverses morphine dependence, most likely by intracellular actions within the brain. The lack of the effect of L-serine ethyl ester (oxygen atom instead of sulfur atom) strongly implicates thiol biochemistry in the efficacy of L-CYSee. Accordingly, L-CYSee and analogs may be a novel class of therapeutics that ameliorate the development of physical dependence on opioids in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bates
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Paulina M. Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Gregory A. Coffee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Santhosh M. Baby
- Section of Biology, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Peter M. MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Yee-Hsee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zackery T. Knauss
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | | | - Devin Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Valentini A, Cardillo C, Della Morte D, Tesauro M. The Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in the Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3006. [PMID: 38002006 PMCID: PMC10669084 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two of the four major chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) representing the leading cause of death worldwide. Several studies demonstrate that endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these chronic diseases. Although it is well known that systemic chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are primarily involved in the development of ED, recent studies have shown that perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is implicated in its pathogenesis, also contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis and to insulin resistance (IR). In this review, we describe the relationship between PVAT and ED, and we also analyse the role of PVAT in the pathogenesis of CVDs and T2DM, further assessing its potential therapeutic target with the aim of restoring normal ED and reducing global cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Valentini
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.V.); (D.D.M.)
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Department of Aging, Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - David Della Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.V.); (D.D.M.)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.V.); (D.D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Reshma A, Tamilanban T, Chitra V, Subramaniyan V, Gupta G, Fuloria NK, Sekar M, Fuloria S, Sahu R, Narayanan J, Chakravarthy S, Selvaraj S. Anti-obesity effects of olivetol in adult zebrafish model induced by short-term high-fat diet. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18449. [PMID: 37891223 PMCID: PMC10611697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease caused by various factors, and synthetic drugs used to treat it can have side effects. Natural compounds, such as olivetol, could be a promising alternative. Olivetol is a substance found in certain lichen species and has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. In this study, researchers conducted in-silico molecular docking studies and found that olivetol had significant binding affinity with receptors involved in obesity. They also investigated the effects of olivetol on a diet-induced obese zebrafish model and found that high doses of olivetol reduced excessive fat accumulation and triglyceride and lipid accumulation. The low dose of olivetol showed a significant reduction in liver enzymes' levels. However, the high dose of olivetol resulted in a significant increase in HMG-CoA levels. These results suggest that olivetol may be a promising anti-obesity agent for the treatment of hyperlipidemia-related disorders, but further research is necessary to understand its full effects on the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andukuri Reshma
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - T Tamilanban
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - V Chitra
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, India.
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | | | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia , Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, 08100, Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | | | - J Narayanan
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Srikumar Chakravarthy
- SEGi University, Jalan Teknologi, Taman Sains Selangor, Kota Damansara, PJU 5, 47810, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kong F, Huang J, Xu C, Huang T, Wen G, Cheng W. System inflammation response index: a novel inflammatory indicator to predict all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in the obese population. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:195. [PMID: 37821960 PMCID: PMC10566161 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aims to investigate the relationship between two novel inflammatory markers, namely, the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and the Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index (SII), as well as the all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the obese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study based on the data of 13,026 obese adults (age ≥ 18 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2014 and followed until December 2019. SIRI was calculated by the formula: (neutrophil count × monocyte count) / lymphocyte count, while that of SII was: (platelet count × neutrophil count)/lymphocyte count. The association of SIRI and SII with all-cause and CVD mortality was evaluated using Cox regression. In addition, the nomogram was performed to predict 10-year survival probability. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 137 months, 1959 and 553 all-cause and CVD deaths were recorded, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that SIRI and SII were unrelated to almost all baseline characteristics (r < 0.15). Multivariate Cox regression models displayed that each standard deviation (SD) increase in SIRI was associated with a 16% (HR 1.16; 95% CI 1.09-1.24) and 22% (HR 1.22; 95% CI 1.10-1.36) increase in the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. Likewise, every SD increase in SII was correlated with a 9% (HR 1.09; 95% CI 1.02-1.16) and 14% (HR 1.14; 95% CI 1.04-1.26) increase in the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. The predictive value of SIRI for all-cause and CVD mortality (AUC = 0.601 and 0.624) exceeded that of SII (AUC = 0.528 and 0.539). Moreover, the nomogram displayed a substantial predictive value for 10-year survival (AUC = 0.847) with sensitivity and specificity exceeding 75%. CONCLUSIONS In the obese population, SIRI and SII are independent risk factors for all-cause and CVD mortality. Notably, the predictive ability of SIRI for both all-cause and CVD mortality significantly outperforms that of SII, suggesting that SIRI is a more valuable marker of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanliang Kong
- University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Junhao Huang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chunhua Xu
- Department of Recuperation, Lintong Rehabilitation, and Recuperation Center, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingyuan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Grace Wen
- University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wenke Cheng
- Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mollace R, Scarano F, Bava I, Carresi C, Maiuolo J, Tavernese A, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Muscoli S, Palma E, Muscoli C, Salvemini D, Federici M, Macrì R, Mollace V. Modulation of the nitric oxide/cGMP pathway in cardiac contraction and relaxation: Potential role in heart failure treatment. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106931. [PMID: 37722519 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Evidence exists that heart failure (HF) has an overall impact of 1-2 % in the global population being often associated with comorbidities that contribute to increased disease prevalence, hospitalization, and mortality. Recent advances in pharmacological approaches have significantly improved clinical outcomes for patients with vascular injury and HF. Nevertheless, there remains an unmet need to clarify the crucial role of nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signalling in cardiac contraction and relaxation, to better identify the key mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of myocardial dysfunction both with reduced (HFrEF) as well as preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Indeed, NO signalling plays a crucial role in cardiovascular homeostasis and its dysregulation induces a significant increase in oxidative and nitrosative stress, producing anatomical and physiological cardiac alterations that can lead to heart failure. The present review aims to examine the molecular mechanisms involved in the bioavailability of NO and its modulation of downstream pathways. In particular, we focus on the main therapeutic targets and emphasize the recent evidence of preclinical and clinical studies, describing the different emerging therapeutic strategies developed to counteract NO impaired signalling and cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Irene Bava
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation PTV Polyclinic Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy; Renato Dulbecco Institute, Lamezia Terme, Catanzaro 88046, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yu T, Tang W, Hung W, Lee T, Tsai I, Hsuan C, Chen C, Chung F, Lee Y, Wu C. Elevated plasma leptin levels are associated with vascular access dysfunction in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24974. [PMID: 37840358 PMCID: PMC10681410 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has been associated with vascular access (VA) dysfunction. The adipocytokine leptin can directly induce pro-inflammatory T helper 1 immune responses and the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation. We explored the association between plasma leptin and VA dysfunction in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HEMO). METHODS A total of 344 consecutive patients who received anastomosis for VA at a single HEMO center between June 1, 2010 and December 31, 2021 were screened. Of these patients, 267 met the inclusion criteria and were included. ELISA was used to measure circulating levels of leptin. RESULTS The VA dysfunction group had a higher leptin level than the patent VA group. A higher concentration of leptin was independently and significantly associated with an elevated risk of VA dysfunction. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that leptin, female sex, and hypertension were independently associated with VA dysfunction, even after adjusting for known biomarkers. We then evaluated the ability of leptin, female sex, and hypertension to predict the risk of VA dysfunction, and the area under the curve (AUC) for leptin was 0.626 (p = 0.0001). When leptin, female sex, and hypertension were added to this multivariate model, the AUC increased to 0.679 (p = 0.001) for leptin and hypertension, and 0.690 for leptin, hypertension, and female sex (p = 0.004). In addition, plasma leptin levels were associated with sex, body mass index, and hemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the association between leptin and VA dysfunction, hypertension and female sex independently predicted VA dysfunction in patients with HEMO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng‐Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Hua Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineTaipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuli BranchHualienTaiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Chin Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Thung‐Lip Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - I‐Ting Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of EmergencyE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Feng Hsuan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Dachang Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Chi Chen
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of PathologyE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Physical TherapyI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Fu‐Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | | | - Cheng‐Ching Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Cancer Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sabbar R, Kadhim SAA, Fawzi HA, Flayih A, Mohammad B, Swadi A. Metformin effects on cardiac parameters in non-diabetic Iraqi patients with heart failure and mid-range ejection fraction - a comparative two-arm parallel clinical study. J Med Life 2023; 16:1400-1406. [PMID: 38107711 PMCID: PMC10719796 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains a difficult challenge to the healthcare system, necessitating promoting interventions and multidrug management. Metformin, typically used to manage diabetes, has emerged as a promising intervention in the treatment of HF. This study aimed to assess the effect of adding metformin to the standard treatment of HF on cardiac parameters. This clinical study comprised 60 newly diagnosed HF patients randomly assigned to two groups: Group C received standard HF treatment, while Group M received standard HF treatment in addition to daily metformin (500 mg). After 3 months of treatment, group M showed a significantly higher ejection fraction (EF) compared to Group C (6.1% and 3.2%, respectively; p-value=0.023) and a reduction in the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDD) (0.28, and 0.21 mm respectively; p-value=0.029). No significant differences were observed in the interventricular septal thickness (IVST) or left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVESD). For cardiac markers, N-Terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) showed the highest reduction in Group M compared to Group C (719.9 pg/ml and 271.9 pg/ml respectively; p-value=0.009). No significant changes were reported for soluble ST2. Metformin demonstrated cardiac protective effects by increasing EF and reducing NT-proBNP. Given its affordability and accessibility, metformin offers a valuable addition to the current HF treatment options. This positive effect may be attributed to mechanisms that enhance the impact of conventional HF treatments or vice versa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reeman Sabbar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | - Sinaa Abdul Amir Kadhim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | | | - Ali Flayih
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | - Bassim Mohammad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | - Asma Swadi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Coavoy-Sánchez SA, Cerqueira ARA, Teixeira SA, Santagada V, Andreozzi G, Corvino A, Scognamiglio A, Sparaco R, Caliendo G, Severino B, Costa SKP, Spolidorio LC, Muscará MN. Beneficial Effects of Two Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2S)-Releasing Derivatives of Dexamethasone with Antioxidant Activity on Atopic Dermatitis in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1907. [PMID: 37514093 PMCID: PMC10383635 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is particularly produced in the skin, where it participates in the regulation of inflammation, pruritus, cytoprotection, scarring, and angiogenesis. In this study, we compared the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) with two H2S-releasing Dex derivatives in a murine model of atopic dermatitis (AD) induced by topical application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). After sensitization with DNCB, the animals were topically treated for five consecutive days with either the H2S-releasing compounds 4-hydroxy-thiobenzamide (TBZ) and 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-dithione-3-thione (ADT-OH), Dex, or the derivatives Dex-TBZ or Dex-ADT. Topical treatment with equimolar doses of either Dex, Dex-TBZ, or Dex-ADT resulted in similar reductions in dermatitis score, scratching behavior, edema, eosinophilia, splenomegaly, and histological changes. In contrast with Dex, the H2S-releasing derivatives prevented IL-4 elevation and oxidative modification of skin proteins. On an equimolar dose basis, Dex-TBZ, but not Dex-ADT, promoted the elevation of endogenous H2S production and GPx activity. Neither Dex-TBZ nor Dex-ADT decreased GR activity or caused hyperglycemia, as observed with Dex treatment. We conclude that the presence of H2S-releasing moieties in the Dex structure does not interfere with the anti-inflammatory effects of this corticosteroid and adds beneficial therapeutical actions to the parent compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Abigail Coavoy-Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Aparecida Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Vincenzo Santagada
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Andreozzi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Corvino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonia Scognamiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Sparaco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caliendo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Beatrice Severino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Soraia Katia Pereira Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nicolás Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dutta S, Shah RB, Singhal S, Dutta SB, Bansal S, Sinha S, Haque M. Metformin: A Review of Potential Mechanism and Therapeutic Utility Beyond Diabetes. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1907-1932. [PMID: 37397787 PMCID: PMC10312383 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s409373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin has been designated as one of the most crucial first-line therapeutic agents in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Primarily being an antihyperglycemic agent, metformin also has a plethora of pleiotropic effects on various systems and processes. It acts majorly by activating AMPK (Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase) in the cells and reducing glucose output from the liver. It also decreases advanced glycation end products and reactive oxygen species production in the endothelium apart from regulating the glucose and lipid metabolism in the cardiomyocytes, hence minimizing the cardiovascular risks. Its anticancer, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on malignant cells might prove instrumental in the malignancy of organs like the breast, kidney, brain, ovary, lung, and endometrium. Preclinical studies have also shown some evidence of metformin's neuroprotective role in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and Huntington's disease. Metformin exerts its pleiotropic effects through varied pathways of intracellular signalling and exact mechanism in the majority of them remains yet to be clearly defined. This article has extensively reviewed the therapeutic benefits of metformin and the details of its mechanism for a molecule of boon in various conditions like diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, polycystic ovarian disease, metabolic derangement in HIV, various cancers and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Rima B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Shubha Singhal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Sudeshna Banerjee Dutta
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Sumit Bansal
- Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Khulna City Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mainul Haque
- Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wójcicka G, Pradiuch A, Fornal E, Stachniuk A, Korolczuk A, Marzec-Kotarska B, Nikolaichuk H, Czechowska G, Kozub A, Trzpil A, Góralczyk A, Bełtowski J. The effect of exenatide (a GLP-1 analogue) and sitagliptin (a DPP-4 inhibitor) on asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) metabolism and selected biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis in rats with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115637. [PMID: 37290595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, is a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction, a common pathophysiological denominator for both atherogenesis and cardiac fibrosis. We aimed to investigate whether the cardioprotective and antifibrotic effects of incretin drugs, exenatide and sitagliptin, may be associated with their ability to affect circulating and cardiac ADMA metabolism. Normal and fructose-fed rats were treated with sitagliptin (5.0/10 mg/kg) or exenatide (5/10 µg/kg) for 4 weeks. The following methods were used: LC-MS/MS, ELISA, Real-Time-PCR, colorimetry, IHC and H&E staining, PCA and OPLS-DA projections. Eight-week fructose feeding resulted in an increase in plasma ADMA and a decrease in NO concentration. Exenatide administration into fructose-fed rats reduced the plasma ADMA level and increased NO level. In the heart of these animals exenatide administration increased NO and PRMT1 level, reduced TGF-ß1, α-SMA levels and COL1A1 expression. In the exenatide treated rats renal DDAH activity positively correlated with plasma NO level and negatively with plasma ADMA level and cardiac α-SMA concentration. Sitagliptin treatment of fructose-fed rats increased plasma NO concentration, reduced circulating SDMA level, increased renal DDAH activity and reduced myocardial DDAH activity. Both drugs attenuated the myocardial immunoexpression of Smad2/3/P and perivascular fibrosis. In the metabolic syndrome condition both sitagliptin and exenatide positively modulated cardiac fibrotic remodeling and circulating level of endogenous NOS inhibitors but had no effects on ADMA levels in the myocardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Wójcicka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - A Pradiuch
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - E Fornal
- Department of Bioanalytic, Medical University of Lublin ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - A Stachniuk
- Department of Bioanalytic, Medical University of Lublin ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - A Korolczuk
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - B Marzec-Kotarska
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - H Nikolaichuk
- Department of Bioanalytic, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - G Czechowska
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - A Kozub
- Department of Bioanalytic, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - A Trzpil
- Department of Bioanalytic, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - A Góralczyk
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - J Bełtowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Aydın PK, Turkyılmaz IB, Gul IB, Bulan OK, Yanardag R. Drug repurposing: Metformin's effect against liver tissue damage in diabetes and prostate cancer model. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:225-236. [PMID: 37255805 PMCID: PMC10225428 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01109-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background There are evidences linking diabetes to the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers. Metformin is a well-known antidiabetic drug that reduces the levels of circulating glucose and insulin in patients with both insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of metformin on the liver of rats bearing prostate cancer, diabetes and prostate cancer + diabetes via histopathological and biochemical methods. Methods Male Copenhagen rats were divided into six groups. Control group, diabetic group, cancer group, diabetic + cancer group, diabetic + cancer + metformin group, cancer + metformin group. Diabetes was induced by injecting single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) to Copenhagen rats, cancer induced 2 × 104 Mat-LyLu cells. Metformin treatment was administered daily by gavage following inocculation of the Mat- Lylu cells to fifth and sixth group. The experiment was terminated on the 14th day following Mat-LyLu cell injection. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed, and liver tissue was taken. Liver damage was scored. Biochemically, serum prostate-specific antigen level was determined by employing Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay method. In addition, the activities of different enzyme and biochemical parameters were determined spectrophotometrically inform the hepatic tissue specimens. Results The findings of this study reveal that histopathological and biochemical damage in cancer and diabetic + cancer groups decreased significantly in the metformin treated groups. Conclusion These highlights that the antidiabetic drug metformin can be repositioned for attenuating liver tissue damage associated with prostate cancer and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Koroglu Aydın
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismet Burcu Turkyılmaz
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Bugan Gul
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omur Karabulut Bulan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Juin SK, Ouseph R, Gondim DD, Jala VR, Sen U. Diabetic Nephropathy and Gaseous Modulators. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051088. [PMID: 37237955 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains the leading cause of vascular morbidity and mortality in diabetes patients. Despite the progress in understanding the diabetic disease process and advanced management of nephropathy, a number of patients still progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The underlying mechanism still needs to be clarified. Gaseous signaling molecules, so-called gasotransmitters, such as nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), have been shown to play an essential role in the development, progression, and ramification of DN depending on their availability and physiological actions. Although the studies on gasotransmitter regulations of DN are still emerging, the evidence revealed an aberrant level of gasotransmitters in patients with diabetes. In studies, different gasotransmitter donors have been implicated in ameliorating diabetic renal dysfunction. In this perspective, we summarized an overview of the recent advances in the physiological relevance of the gaseous molecules and their multifaceted interaction with other potential factors, such as extracellular matrix (ECM), in the severity modulation of DN. Moreover, the perspective of the present review highlights the possible therapeutic interventions of gasotransmitters in ameliorating this dreaded disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subir Kumar Juin
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Rosemary Ouseph
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Dibson Dibe Gondim
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Venkatakrishna Rao Jala
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cui X, Liu R, Duan L, Zhang Q, Cao D, Zhang A. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts therapeutic potential in triple-negative breast cancer by affecting cell cycle and DNA replication pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114488. [PMID: 37002576 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype with a poor prognosis due to its high rates of proliferation and metastasis. Recently, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recognized as a novel gasotransmitter that plays a significant role in various pathological processes, including cancer. Here, we show that exogenous H2S inhibited TNBC cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and also decreased cancer malignances in the mouse model of TNBC. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of H2S's anti-cancer effects in TNBC, we performed transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. 2121 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were revealed, and mainly enriched in cell cycle and DNA replication pathways. Further analysis revealed changes in alternative splicing after exogenous H2S treatment. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed, which identified 458 interactions among 276 DEGs enriched in cell cycle and DNA replication pathways.We identified seven hub genes (MCM3, MCM4, MCM5, MCM6, CDC6, CDC45, and GINS2) through PPI network analysis, which were up-regulated in clinical human breast cancer but down-regulated after H2S treatment. Based on the hub genes selected, we developed a model predicting that exogenous H2S mainly exerts its anti-TNBC role by delaying DNA replication. Our findings suggest that exogenous H2S has potential as a therapeutic agent in TNBC and may exert its therapeutic potential through DNA replication and the cell cycle pathway.
Collapse
|
46
|
Ahmed A, Bibi A, Valoti M, Fusi F. Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Vascular Smooth Muscle Tone: Friends or Foes? Cells 2023; 12:cells12081196. [PMID: 37190105 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a specialized type of adipose tissue that surrounds most mammalian blood vessels. PVAT is a metabolically active, endocrine organ capable of regulating blood vessel tone, endothelium function, vascular smooth muscle cell growth and proliferation, and contributing critically to cardiovascular disease onset and progression. In the context of vascular tone regulation, under physiological conditions, PVAT exerts a potent anticontractile effect by releasing a plethora of vasoactive substances, including NO, H2S, H2O2, prostacyclin, palmitic acid methyl ester, angiotensin 1-7, adiponectin, leptin, and omentin. However, under certain pathophysiological conditions, PVAT exerts pro-contractile effects by decreasing the production of anticontractile and increasing that of pro-contractile factors, including superoxide anion, angiotensin II, catecholamines, prostaglandins, chemerin, resistin, and visfatin. The present review discusses the regulatory effect of PVAT on vascular tone and the factors involved. In this scenario, dissecting the precise role of PVAT is a prerequisite to the development of PVAT-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amer Ahmed
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Aasia Bibi
- Nanotechnology Institute, CNR-NANOTEC, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Massimo Valoti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kumari K, Sharma GS, Gupta A, Singh KS, Singh LR. Functionally active cross-linked protein oligomers formed by homocysteine thiolactone. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5620. [PMID: 37024663 PMCID: PMC10079695 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32694-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Deposition of high-order protein oligomers is a common hallmark of a large number of human diseases and therefore, has been of immense medical interest. From the past several decades, efforts are being made to characterize protein oligomers and explore how they are linked with the disease pathologies. In general, oligomers are non-functional, rather cytotoxic in nature while the functional (non-cytotoxic) oligomers are quite rare. In the present study, we identified new protein oligomers of Ribonuclease-A and Lysozyme that contain functionally active fractions. These functional oligomers are disulfide cross-linked, native-like, and obtained as a result of the covalent modification of the proteins by the toxic metabolite, homocysteine thiolactone accumulated under hyperhomocysteinemia (a condition responsible for cardiovascular complications including atherosclerosis). These results have been obtained from the extensive analysis of the nature of oligomers, functional status, and structural integrity of the proteins using orthogonal techniques. The study implicates the existence of such oligomers as protein sinks that may sequester toxic homocysteines in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Kumari
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Gurumayum Suraj Sharma
- Department of Botany, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110075, India
| | - Akshita Gupta
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Huang Y, Omorou M, Gao M, Mu C, Xu W, Xu H. Hydrogen sulfide and its donors for the treatment of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114506. [PMID: 36906977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As an endogenous gas signalling molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is frequently present in a variety of mammals and plays a significant role in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in large quantities as a result of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion, which is a very serious class of cerebrovascular diseases. ROS cause oxidative stress and induce specific gene expression that results in apoptosis. H2S reduces cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion-induced secondary injury via anti-oxidative stress injury, suppression of the inflammatory response, inhibition of apoptosis, attenuation of cerebrovascular endothelial cell injury, modulation of autophagy, and antagonism of P2X7 receptors, and it plays an important biological role in other cerebral ischaemic injury events. Despite the many limitations of the hydrogen sulfide therapy delivery strategy and the difficulty in controlling the ideal concentration, relevant experimental evidence demonstrating that H2S plays an excellent neuroprotective role in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). This paper examines the synthesis and metabolism of the gas molecule H2S in the brain as well as the molecular mechanisms of H2S donors in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury and possibly other unknown biological functions. With the active development in this field, it is expected that this review will assist researchers in their search for the potential value of hydrogen sulfide and provide new ideas for preclinical trials of exogenous H2S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Huang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Moussa Omorou
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Meng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chenxi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Weijing Xu
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Khazaie S, Jafari M, Golamloo M, Asgari A, Heydari J, Salehi M, Salem F. Cumulative Effects of Paraoxon and Leptin on Oxidative Damages in Rat Tissues: Prophylactic and Therapeutic Roles of N-Acetylcysteine. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:165-178. [PMID: 37072331 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to paraoxon (POX) and leptin (LP) could cause an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in an organism, which can be prevented by introduction of exogenous antioxidants such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The aim of this study was to evaluate synergic or additive effects of administration of exogenous LP plus POX on the antioxidant status, as well as the prophylactic and therapeutic roles of NAC in various rat tissues. Fifty-four male Wistar rats were divided into nine groups treated with different compounds: Control (no treatment), POX (0.7 mg/kg), NAC (160 mg/kg), LP (1 mg/kg), POX+LP, NAC-POX, POX-NAC, NAC-POX+LP, and POX+LP-NAC. In the last five groups, only the order of administered compounds differed. After 24 h, plasma and tissues were sampled and examined. The results showed that administration of POX plus LP significantly increased biochemical indices in plasma and antioxidant enzymes activities and decreased glutathione content in the liver, erythrocytes, brain, kidney, and heart. In addition, cholinesterase and paraoxonase 1 activities in the POX+LP-treated group were decreased and malondialdehyde level was increased in the liver, erythrocytes, and brain. However, administration of NAC rectified induced changes although not to the same extent. Our study suggests that POX or LP administration engage the oxidative stress system per se; however, their combination did not produce significantly greater effects. Moreover, both prophylactic and therapeutic treatments of rats with NAC supported the antioxidant defense against oxidative damage in tissues, most probably through both its free radical scavenging ability and maintaining intracellular GSH levels. It can therefore be suggested that NAC has particularly protective effects against POX or/and LP toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khazaie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahvash Jafari
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Golamloo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Asgari
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Heydari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salehi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shati AA, Maarouf A, Dawood AF, Bayoumy NM, Alqahtani YA, A. Eid R, Alqahtani SM, Abd Ellatif M, Al-Ani B, Albawardi A. Lower Extremity Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Metformin Inhibits Femoral Artery Ultrastructural Alterations as well as Vascular Tissue Levels of AGEs/ET-1 Axis-Mediated Inflammation and Modulation of Vascular iNOS and eNOS Expression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020361. [PMID: 36830898 PMCID: PMC9953164 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is a major risk factor for amputation in diabetic patients. The advanced glycation end products (AGEs)/endothelin-1 (ET-1)/nitric oxide synthase (NOS) axis-mediated femoral artery injury with and without metformin has not been previously investigated. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was established in rats, with another group of rats treated for two weeks with 200 mg/kg metformin, before being induced with T2DM. The latter cohort were continued on metformin until they were sacrificed at week 12. Femoral artery injury was established in the diabetic group as demonstrated by substantial alterations to the femoral artery ultrastructure, which importantly were ameliorated by metformin. In addition, diabetes caused a significant (p < 0.0001) upregulation of vascular tissue levels of AGEs, ET-1, and iNOS, as well as high blood levels of glycated haemoglobin, TNF-α, and dyslipidemia. All of these parameters were also significantly inhibited by metformin. Moreover, metformin treatment augmented arterial eNOS expression which had been inhibited by diabetes progression. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between femoral artery endothelial tissue damage and glycemia, AGEs, ET-1, TNF-α, and dyslipidemia. Thus, in a rat model of T2DM-induced LEAD, an association between femoral artery tissue damage and the AGEs/ET-1/inflammation/NOS/dyslipidemia axis was demonstrated, with metformin treatment demonstrating beneficial vascular protective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayed A. Shati
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amro Maarouf
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B9 5SS, UK
| | - Amal F. Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nervana M. Bayoumy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef A. Alqahtani
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaat A. Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M. Alqahtani
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abd Ellatif
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Bahjat Al-Ani
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alia Albawardi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|