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Yao XT, Feng WP, Gong ZP, Li XP. Clinical Significance of Long Non-Coding RNA SNHG5 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2024; 21:2363630. [PMID: 38973373 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2363630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable and requires early screening. The study aimed to examine the clinical values of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG5 in COPD diagnosis and prognosis. Out of 160 COPD patients, 80 were in the stable stage and 80 were in the acute exacerbation of COPD stage (AECOPD). SNHG5 expression was detected via qRT-PCR. The survival analysis was conducted using Cox regression analysis and K-M curve. SNHG5 levels significantly reduced in both stable COPD and AECOPD groups compared with the control group, with AECOPD group recording the lowest values. SNHG5 levels were negatively correlated with GOLD stage. Serum SNHG5 can differentiate stable COPD patients from healthy individuals (AUC = 0.805), and can screen AECOPD from stable ones (AUC = 0.910). SNHG5 negatively influenced the release of inflammatory cytokines. For AECOPD patients, those with severe cough and wheezing dyspnea symptoms exhibited the lowest values of SNUG5. Among the 80 AECOPD patients, 16 cases died in the one-year follow-up, all of whom had low levels of SNHG5. SNHG5 levels independently influenced survival outcomes, patients with low SNHG5 levels had a poor prognosis. Thus, lncRNA SNHG5, which is downregulated in patients with COPD (especially AECOPD), can potentially protect against AECOPD and serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for AECOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ting Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhangjiakou First Hospital, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Wen-Ping Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhangjiakou First Hospital, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhangjiakou First Hospital, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Xin-Peng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhangjiakou First Hospital, Zhangjiakou, China
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Shatunova S, Aktar R, Peiris M, Lee JYP, Vetter I, Starobova H. The role of the gut microbiome in neuroinflammation and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 979:176818. [PMID: 39029779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most debilitating adverse effects caused by chemotherapy drugs such as paclitaxel, oxaliplatin and vincristine. It is untreatable and often leads to the discontinuation of cancer therapy and a decrease in the quality of life of cancer patients. It is well-established that neuroinflammation and the activation of immune and glial cells are among the major drivers of CIPN. However, these processes are still poorly understood, and while many chemotherapy drugs alone can drive the activation of these cells and consequent neuroinflammation, it remains elusive to what extent the gut microbiome influences these processes. In this review, we focus on the peripheral mechanisms driving CIPN, and we address the bidirectional pathways by which the gut microbiome communicates with the immune and nervous systems. Additionally, we critically evaluate literature addressing how chemotherapy-induced dysbiosis and the consequent imbalance in bacterial products may contribute to the activation of immune and glial cells, both of which drive neuroinflammation and possibly CIPN development, and how we could use this knowledge for the development of effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Shatunova
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Rubina Aktar
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Madusha Peiris
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Yu Peppermint Lee
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woollsiana, QLD, Australia
| | - Hana Starobova
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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He Y, Nong Y, Qin J, Feng L, Qin J, Wang Q, Deng L, Tang S, Zhang M, Fan X, Dong M, Wei J, Pan S, Su Z. Protective effects of oyster polypeptide on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:7143-7158. [PMID: 38629663 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oyster polypeptide (OP) is a mixture of oligopeptides extracted from oysters through enzyme lysis, separation, and purification. It is associated with immunomodulatory effects, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. This study therefore combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) urinary metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiome to determine the immunoprotective mechanisms of OP in rats subjected to cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. RESULTS Oyster polypeptide restored the body weight and the structure of spleen and thymus in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. It upregulated the levels of white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), platelets (PLT), red blood cells (RBCs), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), cytokines such as interleukin‑6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and increased the numbers of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in the immunosuppressed rats. The 1H-NMR metabolomics results showed that OP significantly reversed the levels of ten metabolites in urine, including 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, dimethylamine, taurine, N-phenylacetylglycine, alanine, betaine, creatinine, uracil, and benzoate. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that OP restored the gut microbiome homeostasis by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Finally, a combination of metabolomics and microbiomics found that the metabolism of taurine and hypotaurine, and the metabolism of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate were disturbed, but these metabolic pathways were restored by OP. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that OP had immunoprotective effects in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression by restoring key metabolic pathways and the gut microbiome homeostasis. Our findings provide a framework for further research into the immunoregulatory mechanisms of OP and its potential use in drugs and nutritional supplements. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- First clinical medical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yunyuan Nong
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Junliang Qin
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Linlin Feng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinghua Qin
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qianyi Wang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lijun Deng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Siqi Tang
- First clinical medical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Min Dong
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinbin Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shihan Pan
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Biomedicine Precision Development and High-value Utilization Engineering Research Center, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Antigeriatric Drugs, Nanning, China
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Ho LJ, Wu CH, Luo SF, Lai JH. Vitamin D and systemic lupus erythematosus: Causality and association with disease activity and therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 227:116417. [PMID: 38996931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The major role of bioactive vitamin 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D or calcitriol) is to maintain the levels of calcium and phosphorus to achieve bone and mineral homeostasis. Dietary intake and adequate natural light exposure are the main contributors to normal vitamin D status. In addition to regulating metabolism, vitamin D exerts various immunomodulatory effects that regulate innate and adaptive immunity through immune effector cells such as monocytes, macrophages, T and B lymphocytes, and natural killer cells and nonimmune cells that express vitamin D receptors. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology, and the association between vitamin D and SLE remains incompletely understood. Given that the current treatment for SLE relies heavily on corticosteroids and that SLE patients tend to have low vitamin D status, vitamin D supplementation may help to reduce the dosage of corticosteroids and/or attenuate disease severity. In this review, we address the associations between vitamin D and several clinical aspects of SLE. In addition, the underlying immunomodulatory mechanisms accounting for the potential vitamin D-mediated therapeutic effects are discussed. Finally, several confounding factors in data interpretation and the execution of clinical trials and perspectives targeting vitamin D supplementation in patients with SLE are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Jun Ho
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiang Wu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shue-Fen Luo
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Haung Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Ruiz-Sastre P, Gómez-Sánchez-Lafuente C, Martín-Martín J, Herrera-Imbroda J, Mayoral-Cleries F, Santos-Amaya I, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Guzmán-Parra J, Rivera P, Suárez J. Pharmacotherapeutic value of inflammatory and neurotrophic biomarkers in bipolar disorder: A systematic review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111056. [PMID: 38879067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The various pharmacological interventions, ranging from mood stabilizers and antipsychotics to antidepressants, reflect the diff/iculty of treating depressive/manic symptomatology of bipolar disorder (BD). Among a broad range of mechanisms implicated, immune dysregulation may contribute to the increased inflammation that influences the course of BD. Inflammatory, neurotrophic and oxidative stress factors may be identified as promising peripheral biomarkers in brain functioning, perhaps serving as predictors of an effective response to treatment for BD. The present systematic review aimed to examine the evidence supporting the pharmacotherapeutic value of inflammatory and neurotrophic biomarkers in BD. METHODS PubMed, PsychINFO, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from inception to May 2024 by two independent reviewers. A total of 40 studies with 3371 patients with diagnosis and intervention of BD were selected. RESULTS Inconsistencies in the effects of pharmacological treatments on the connection between the expected anti-inflammatory response and symptomatologic improvement were identified. Mood stabilizers (lithium), antipsychotics (quetiapine), antidepressants (ketamine) or their combination were described to increase both pro-inflammatory (TNFα, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-8) factors. Other medications, such as memantine and dextromethorphan, autoimmune (infliximab) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (aspirin, celecoxib) drugs, antidiabetics (pioglitazone), and even dietary supplementation (omega-3), or their combination, clearly decrease inflammatory factors (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, C-reactive protein) and/or increase the neurotrophic factor BDNF in BD patients. CONCLUSION Inflammation in BD requires further investigation to understand the underlying immunologic mechanism, to identify predictors of treatment response, and to make informed decisions about the use and development of more effective pharmacological interventions for BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ruiz-Sastre
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucia Tech, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain; UGC Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Sánchez-Lafuente
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; UGC Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jaime Martín-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Anatomía Humana, Medicina Legal e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Málaga, Bulevar Louis Pasteur 32, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Herrera-Imbroda
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; UGC Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Fermín Mayoral-Cleries
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; UGC Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ignacio Santos-Amaya
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Anatomía Humana, Medicina Legal e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Málaga, Bulevar Louis Pasteur 32, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; Servicio Neurologia, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Guzmán-Parra
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; UGC Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Patricia Rivera
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; UGC Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Juan Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Calle Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Anatomía Humana, Medicina Legal e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Málaga, Bulevar Louis Pasteur 32, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
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Alobaidy A, Alsulaimi M, Alajmi A. Spectrum of neurological manifestations, existence of diabetes mellitus, and 5-year mortality and cancer association outcomes in a cohort of Omani patients with positive anti- GAD autoimmunity. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024. [PMID: 39167450 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2395853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is scarce data in the literature concerning the anti-GAD65 antibodies (GAD-Abs) autoimmunity in the Omani population. METHODS Retrospective cohort study included GAD-Abs positive patients (n = 444) presented to a tertiary referral center in Oman from January 2005 until January 2018, with a five-year follow-up to study the cancer association and mortality outcomes. RESULTS Out of 444 patients, 27 patients (6.1%) showed GAD-Abs related neurological disorders. Adult age group was significantly associated with more GAD-Abs related neurological manifestations compared to pediatric and adolescents age group (P = 0.045). There was no association between the presence or absence of neurological manifestations with diabetes mellitus nor the titer level of GAD-Abs. Refractory status epilepticus and stiff person syndrome were the main causes of death in patients with neurological manifestations over five years and none of them found to have associated cancer. CONCLUSION The GAD-Abs autoimmunity represents a spectrum of neurological manifestations with variable severity and outcome among Omanis with positive GAD-Abs testing. The results of this study will serve as a platform for future studies to address the impact of GAD-Abs autoimmunity on the morbidity, mortality and treatment efficacy in the Omani population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Alobaidy
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Department of Medicine- Neurology Unit, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mulham Alsulaimi
- Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ameer Alajmi
- Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman
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Balasundaram D, Veerasamy V, Sylvia Singarayar M, Neethirajan V, Ananth Devanesan A, Thilagar S. Therapeutic potential of probiotics in gut microbial homeostasis and Rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112501. [PMID: 38885604 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and joint damage. Existing treatment options primarily focus on managing symptoms and slowing disease progression, often with side effects and limitations. The gut microbiome, a vast community of microorganisms present in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in health and disease. Recent research suggests a bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and RA, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic option. This review focuses on the interaction between the gut microbiome and RA development, by discussing how dysbiosis, an imbalance in gut bacteria, can contribute to RA through multiple mechanisms such as molecular mimicry, leaky gut, and metabolic dysregulation. Probiotics, live microorganisms with health benefits, are emerging as promising tools for managing RA. They can prevent the negative effects of dysbiosis by displacing harmful bacteria, producing anti-inflammatory metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), Directly influencing immune cells, and modifying host metabolism. animal and clinical studies demonstrate the potential of probiotics in improving RA symptoms and disease outcomes. However, further research is needed to optimize probiotic strains, dosages, and treatment protocols for personalized and effective management of RA. This review summarizes the current understanding of the gut microbiome and its role in RA and discusses future research directions. In addition to the established role of gut dysbiosis in RA, emerging strategies like fecal microbiota transplantation, prebiotics, and postbiotics offer exciting possibilities. However, individual variations in gut composition necessitate personalized treatment plans. Long-term effects and clear regulations need to be established. Future research focusing on metagenomic analysis, combination therapies, and mechanistic understanding will unlock the full potential of gut microbiome modulation for effective RA management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veeramurugan Veerasamy
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - Magdalin Sylvia Singarayar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - Vivek Neethirajan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | | | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India.
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Hu HJ, Wang XH, Zhang ZZ, Ou Y, Ning ZH, Yang JY, Huang H, Tang HF, Jiang ZS. SIRT3 sulfhydration using hydrogen sulfide inhibited angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation via suppression of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024:176900. [PMID: 39168432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrosis is associated with the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and regulated by the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of regulation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3-induced atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to AF remain still unknown. Previous studies have shown that sirtuin3 (SIRT3) sulfhydration has strong anti-fibrotic effects. We hypothesised that SIRT3 sulfhydration inhibits angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced atrial fibrosis via blocking the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. In this study, we found that SIRT3 expression was decreased in the left atrium of patients with AF compared to that in those with sinus rhythm (SR). In vitro, SIRT3 knockdown by small interfering RNA significantly expanded Ang-II-induced atrial fibrosis and TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway activation, whereas supplementation with Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaHS, exogenous hydrogen sulfide donor and sulfhydration agonist) and SIRT3 overexpression using adenovirus ameliorated Ang-II-induced atrial fibrosis. Moreover, we observed suppression of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway when Ang-II was combined with NaHS treatment, and the effect of this co-treatment was consistent with that of Ang-II combined with LY3200882 (Smad pathway inhibitor) on reducing atrial fibroblast proliferation and cell migration in vitro. Supplementation with dithiothreitol (DTT, a sulfhydration inhibitor) and adenovirus SIRT3 shRNA blocked the ameliorating effect of NaHS and AngII co-treatment on atrial fibrosis in vitro. Finally, continued treatment with NaHS in rats ameliorated atrial fibrosis and remodelling, and further improved AF vulnerability induced by Ang-II, which was reversed by DTT and adenovirus SIRT3 shRNA, suggesting that SIRT3 sulfhydration might be a potential therapeutic target in atrial fibrosis and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Jing Hu
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Heng Wang
- Department of medical-record, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yun Ou
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hong Ning
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Yan Yang
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Fang Tang
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China.
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Battista T, Picone V, Noto M, Potestio L, Ruggiero A, Martora F, Megna M, Genco L. Injection site reactions resulting from the use of biological therapy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39129459 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2392007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biological medications have significantly improved the prognosis of psoriasis patients. All biological drugs (except infliximab) for psoriasis require subcutaneous (SC) administration. Adverse events of biologic drug treatment include injection site reactions. ISRs are a local phenomenon characterized by swelling, erythema, pruritus, and pain around the injection site. AREAS COVERED We conducted a review to analyze the differences between the ISRs of various biologics approved for psoriasis. Specifically, the review focused on anti-TNF-α, anti-IL12/23, anti-IL-17, and anti-IL-23 drugs. EXPERT OPINION Etanercept and adalimumab have reported ISR rates of 37% and 20%, respectively, with erythema, pruritus, pain, and irritation being the most common. Citrate free (CF) solution and thinner needles have reduced ISR associated with adalimumab. Ustekinumab showed a low risk of ISR. Regarding secukinumab and ixekizumab, pain was found to be the most common ISR. The introduction of CF ixekizumab formulation has shown promise in reducing ISRs associated with ixekizumab. The risk of ISR appears insignificant with bimekizumab, brodalumab, and anti-IL23 drugs, with ISR rates ranging from less than 1% to 7.1%. The choice of biologic agent should consider ISR risk. Education on injection techniques and the use of single-dose autoinjectors/pens can mitigate ISR risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Battista
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Picone
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Noto
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Genco
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Masoumi M, Bodaghi AB, Khorramdelazad H, Ebadi E, Houshmandfar S, Saeedi-Boroujeni A, Karami J. Unraveling the immunometabolism puzzle: Deciphering systemic sclerosis pathogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35445. [PMID: 39170585 PMCID: PMC11336762 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The article delves into the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) with an emphasis on immunometabolism dysfunctions. SSc is a complex autoimmune connective tissue disorder with skin and organ fibrosis manifestation, vasculopathy, and immune dysregulation. A growing amount of research indicates that immunometabolism plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including SSc. The review explores the intricate interplay between immune dysfunction and metabolic alterations, focusing on the metabolism of glucose, lipids, amino acids, the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle, and oxidative stress in SSc disease. According to recent research, there are changes in various metabolic pathways that could trigger or perpetuate the SSc disease. Glycolysis and TCA pathways play a pivotal role in SSc pathogenesis through inducing fibrosis. Dysregulated fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and consequent lipid metabolism result in dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown and fibrosis induction. The altered metabolism of amino acids can significantly be involved in SSc pathogenesis through various mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has a crucial role in tissue damage in SSc patients. Indeed, immunometabolism involvement in SSc is highlighted, which offers potential therapeutic avenues. The article underscores the need for comprehensive studies to unravel the multifaceted mechanisms driving SSc pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Masoumi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Ali Bayat Bodaghi
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Erfan Ebadi
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Sheyda Houshmandfar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Jafar Karami
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
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11
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Shen S, Hu M, Peng Y, Zheng Y, Zhang R. Research Progress in pathogenesis of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease from the perspective of pulmonary cells. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103600. [PMID: 39151642 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The lungs are a principal factor in the increased morbidity and mortality observed in patients with Connective Tissue Disease (CTD), frequently presenting as CTD-associated Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD). Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive descriptions of the pulmonary cells implicated in the development of CTD-ILD. This review leverages the Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA) and spatial multi-omics atlases to discuss the advancements in research on the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD from a pulmonary cell perspective. This facilitates a more precise localization of disease sites and a more systematic consideration of disease progression, supporting further mechanistic studies and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China.
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12
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Conley J, Genenger B, Ashford B, Ranson M. Micro RNA Dysregulation in Keratinocyte Carcinomas: Clinical Evidence, Functional Impact, and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8493. [PMID: 39126067 PMCID: PMC11313315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The keratinocyte carcinomas, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), are the most common cancers in humans. Recently, an increasing body of literature has investigated the role of miRNAs in keratinocyte carcinoma pathogenesis, progression and their use as therapeutic agents and targets, or biomarkers. However, there is very little consistency in the literature regarding the identity of and/or role of individual miRNAs in cSCC (and to a lesser extent BCC) biology. miRNA analyses that combine clinical evidence with experimental elucidation of targets and functional impact provide far more compelling evidence than studies purely based on clinical findings or bioinformatic analyses. In this study, we review the clinical evidence associated with miRNA dysregulation in KCs, assessing the quality of validation evidence provided, identify gaps, and provide recommendations for future studies based on relevant studies that investigated miRNA levels in human cSCC and BCC. Furthermore, we demonstrate how miRNAs contribute to the regulation of a diverse network of cellular functions, and that large-scale changes in tumor cell biology can be attributed to miRNA dysregulation. We highlight the need for further studies investigating the role of miRNAs as communicators between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we explore the clinical benefits of miRNAs as biomarkers of keratinocyte carcinoma prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Conley
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia; (J.C.); (B.G.)
| | - Benjamin Genenger
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia; (J.C.); (B.G.)
| | - Bruce Ashford
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District (ISLHD), NSW Health, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia;
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Marie Ranson
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia; (J.C.); (B.G.)
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13
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Iqhrammullah M, Gusti N, Andika FF, Abdullah A. Association of serum vitamin D and the risk of cardiovascular diseases among diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 62:66-75. [PMID: 38901950 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emerging role of vitamin D has drawn the attention of researchers around the world, including its involvement in cardiovascular complications among individuals with diabetes. AIM This study aimed to obtain comprehensive evidence on the association between serum vitamin D level and the risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with diabetes. METHODS Systematic search was performed on July 1st, 2023, to identify and screen published literature reporting the association between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease among diabetic patients in six databases. Each eligible study was appraised for its quality using modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional and cohort studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Dersimonian-Laird random effect model or fix-effect model. The heterogeneity and publication bias were judged based on percentage of I2 and the symmetry of Begg's funnel plot, respectively. RESULTS As many as 22 studies were found eligible for the systematic review. A meta-analysis from 13 studies comprising of 3850 and 1797 (control and exposure groups, respectively) revealed that serum vitamin D level was significantly lower in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (Z = 4.89; p-total<0.001; SMD = 0.68 [95%CI: 0.41-0.95]), yet the heterogeneity was high. Following the adjustment of removing the potential outliers, the same results were still observed (Z = 6.19; p-total<0.001; SMD = 0.35 [95%CI: 0.24-0.46]). Though decreased, high heterogeneity could not be resolved, resulting in moderate level of this evidence. Another pooled analysis of 7 studies with 4211 patients in control group and 2381 patients in exposure group revealed that lower level of serum vitamin D is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease incidence among diabetic patients (Z = 4.89; p-total<0.001; OR: 1.76 [95%CI: 1.4-2.2]). CONCLUSION Serum vitamin D level status is a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases among diabetic patients, hence should be carefully monitored and maintained. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42023437698.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqhrammullah
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
| | - Naufal Gusti
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
| | - Fina Fitria Andika
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
| | - Asnawi Abdullah
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
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Swain HN, Boyce PD, Bromet BA, Barozinksy K, Hance L, Shields D, Olbricht GR, Semon JA. Mesenchymal stem cells in autoimmune disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-clinical studies. Biochimie 2024; 223:54-73. [PMID: 38657832 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are of interest in the clinic because of their immunomodulation capabilities, capacity to act upstream of inflammation, and ability to sense metabolic environments. In standard physiologic conditions, they play a role in maintaining the homeostasis of tissues and organs; however, there is evidence that they can contribute to some autoimmune diseases. Gaining a deeper understanding of the factors that transition MSCs from their physiological function to a pathological role in their native environment, and elucidating mechanisms that reduce their therapeutic relevance in regenerative medicine, is essential. We conducted a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of human MSCs in preclinical studies of autoimmune disease, evaluating 60 studies that included 845 patient samples and 571 control samples. MSCs from any tissue source were included, and the study was limited to four autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, and lupus. We developed a novel Risk of Bias tool to determine study quality for in vitro studies. Using the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy's criteria to define an MSC, most studies reported no difference in morphology, adhesion, cell surface markers, or differentiation into bone, fat, or cartilage when comparing control and autoimmune MSCs. However, there were reported differences in proliferation. Additionally, 308 biomolecules were differentially expressed, and the abilities to migrate, invade, and form capillaries were decreased. The findings from this study could help to explain the pathogenic mechanisms of autoimmune disease and potentially lead to improved MSC-based therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey N Swain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA
| | - Parker D Boyce
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA
| | - Bradley A Bromet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA
| | - Kaiden Barozinksy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA
| | - Lacy Hance
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA
| | - Dakota Shields
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA
| | - Gayla R Olbricht
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA
| | - Julie A Semon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA.
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15
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Gerhards C, Teufel A, Gerigk M, French M, Antoni C, Ebert M, Neumaier M, Evliyaoglu O. Potential role of Vitamin D in immune response in patients with viral hepatitis. Nutrition 2024; 124:112447. [PMID: 38669827 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the relationship of Vitamin D with innate and adaptive immune response parameters in chronic hepatitis B and C patients. METHODS The laboratory data between January 1, 2013 and February 1, 2023, for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) were extracted. Serum 25-hydroxyl vitamin D, hepatitis B virus serological markers, complements, and subsets of T lymphocytes were determined. Study cohorts were divided into groups based on serum 25-hydroxyl vitamin D levels with further evaluation of laboratory data. RESULTS In CHB and CHC patients the percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio significantly decreased (P < 0.05), but the percentage of CD8+ increased (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. In CHB patients Vitamin D decrease was significant (P < 0.001) but not in CHC patients. Vitamin D showed a moderate negative influence on the CD8 cell count in CHB patients. The positive ratio of HBV DNA and HBsAg decreased with increasing serum vitamin D levels. The vitamin D deficient group showed significantly lower antibody production compared to the normal group, and exhibited significantly decreased CD4 numbers and increased CD8 numbers (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively), while the CD4/CD8 ratio was also significantly decreased in the insufficiency group (P < 0.001). Complement C3 levels were not associated with CD4 and CD8, but had an inverse relation with Vitamin D. Vitamin D levels were significantly associated with complement C3, CD8+, CD4+, CD19+ cells, and HBV DNA levels. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D may be a modulator of immune function not only via CD8+ and CD4+ cells but also via CD19+ cells in the course of chronic HBV infection. The negative relationship between vitamin D and complement C3 needs elucidation. Moreover, the increased proportion of B cells and decreased CD4+ cells in Vitamin D deficiency disrupt the immune response against HBV since the expected antibody response was not obtained despite the increase in B cell ratio. This indicates an influence of CD4+ cells for B cell functionality. In summary, sufficient levels of Vitamin D may lead to a sustained virological response that is debatable by artificially correcting the deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Gerhards
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Teufel
- Division of Hepatology, Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marlis Gerigk
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael French
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Antoni
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center for Disease Prevention and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ebert
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center for Disease Prevention and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Medicine II, University, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Neumaier
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Osman Evliyaoglu
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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16
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Liu R, Wang F, Luo X, Yang F, Gao J, Shen H, Zheng Z. The immunomodulatory of interleukin-33 in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review. Clin Immunol 2024; 265:110264. [PMID: 38825072 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints and surrounding soft tissues, characterized by chronic inflammation and proliferation of the synovium. Various immune cells are involved in the pathophysiology of RA. The complex interplay of factors such as chronic inflammation, genetic susceptibility, dysregulation of serum antibody levels, among others, contribute to the complexity of the disease mechanism, disease activity, and treatment of RA. Recently, the cytokine storm leading to increased disease activity in RA has gained significant attention. Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 family, plays a crucial role in inflammation and immune regulation. ST2 (suppression of tumorigenicity 2 receptor), the receptor for IL-33, is widely expressed on the surface of various immune cells. When IL-33 binds to its receptor ST2, it activates downstream signaling pathways to exert immunoregulatory effects. In RA, IL-33 regulates the progression of the disease by modulating immune cells such as circulating monocytes, tissue-resident macrophages, synovial fibroblasts, mast cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, B cells, endothelial cells, and others. We have summarized and analyzed these findings to elucidate the pathways through which IL-33 regulates RA. Furthermore, IL-33 has been detected in the synovium, serum, and synovial fluid of RA patients. Due to inconsistent research results, we conducted a meta-analysis on the association between serum IL-33, synovial fluid IL-33, and the risk of developing RA in patients. The pooled SMD was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.15-1.44), indicating that IL-33 promotes the onset and pathophysiological progression of RA. Therefore, IL-33 may serve as a biomarker for predicting the risk of developing RA and treatment outcomes. As existing drugs for RA still cannot address drug resistance in some patients, new therapeutic approaches are needed to alleviate the significant burden on RA patients and healthcare systems. In light of this, we analyzed the potential of targeting the IL-33/ST2-related signaling pathway to modulate immune cells associated with RA and alleviate inflammation. We also reviewed IL-33 and RA susceptibility-related single nucleotide polymorphisms, suggesting potential involvement of IL-33 and macrophage-related drug-resistant genes in RA resistance therapy. Our review elucidates the role of IL-33 in the pathophysiology of RA, offering new insights for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renli Liu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Fengfan Yang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Haomiao Shen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Zhaohui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province 710032, China.
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17
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Xu X, Liu R, Li Y, Zhang C, Guo C, Zhu J, Dong J, Ouyang L, Momeni MR. Spinal Cord Injury: From MicroRNAs to Exosomal MicroRNAs. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5974-5991. [PMID: 38261255 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03954-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an unfortunate experience that may generate extensive sensory and motor disabilities due to the destruction and passing of nerve cells. MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that do not code for proteins but instead serve to regulate protein synthesis by targeting messenger RNA's expression. After SCI, secondary damage like apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy occurs, and differentially expressed microRNAs show a function in these procedures. Almost all animal and plant cells release exosomes, which are sophisticated formations of lipid membranes. These exosomes have the capacity to deliver significant materials, such as proteins, RNAs and lipids, to cells in need, regulating their functions and serving as a way of communication. This new method offers a fresh approach to treating spinal cord injury. Obviously, the exosome has the benefit of conveying the transported material across performing regulatory activities and the blood-brain barrier. Among the exosome cargoes, microRNAs, which modulate their mRNA targets, show considerable promise in the pathogenic diagnosis, process, and therapy of SCI. Herein, we describe the roles of microRNAs in SCI. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of exosomal microRNAs in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Xu
- Spinal Surgery, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Ruyin Liu
- Spinal Surgery, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Yunpeng Li
- Spinal Surgery, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics and Traumatology, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Chuanghao Guo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics and Traumatology, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Jiong Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics and Traumatology, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Jiaan Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics and Traumatology, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Liyun Ouyang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11700, Malaysia.
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18
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Barosa M, Ioannidis JPA, Prasad V. Evidence base for yearly respiratory virus vaccines: Current status and proposed improved strategies. Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14286. [PMID: 39078026 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Annual vaccination is widely recommended for influenza and SARS-CoV-2. In this essay, we analyse and question the prevailing policymaking approach to these respiratory virus vaccines, especially in the United States. Every year, licensed influenza vaccines are reformulated to include specific strains expected to dominate in the season ahead. Updated vaccines are rapidly manufactured and approved without further regulatory requirement of clinical data. Novel vaccines (i.e. new products) typically undergo clinical trials, though generally powered for clinically unimportant outcomes (e.g. lab-confirmed infections, regardless of symptomatology or antibody levels). Eventually, the current and future efficacy of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines against hospitalization or death carries considerable uncertainty. The emergence of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants and waning vaccine-induced immunity led to plummeting vaccine effectiveness, at least against symptomatic infection, and booster doses have since been widely recommended. No further randomized trials were performed for clinically important outcomes for licensed updated boosters. In both cases, annual vaccine effectiveness estimates are generated by observational research, but observational studies are particularly susceptible to confounding and bias. Well-conducted experimental studies, particularly randomized trials, are necessary to address persistent uncertainties about influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. We propose a new research framework which would render results relevant to the current or future respiratory viral seasons. We demonstrate that experimental studies are feasible by adopting a more pragmatic approach and provide strategies on how to do so. When it comes to implementing policies that seriously impact people's lives, require substantial public resources and/or rely on widespread public acceptance, high evidence standards are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Barosa
- NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - John P A Ioannidis
- Departments of Medicine, of Epidemiology and Population Health, of Biomedical Data Science, and of Statistics, and Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Vinay Prasad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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19
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Cao W, Xiong J. Causal associations and potential mechanisms between inflammatory skin diseases and IgA nephropathy: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1402302. [PMID: 39119579 PMCID: PMC11306082 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1402302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing evidence of an association between inflammatory skin diseases and chronic kidney disease, but the association between inflammatory skin diseases and IgA nephropathy has rarely been studied. Thus, bi-directional Mendelian randomization was employed to explore the causality between inflammatory skin diseases (including atopic dermatitis, acne and psoriasis) and IgA nephropathy. Methods The selection of instrumental variables for inflammatory skin diseases and IgA nephropathy were based on genome-wide association studies. Following the heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests, the bidirectional causality was evaluated by inverse variance weighted along with four other approaches. Three atopic dermatitis-related datasets were obtained from the GEO database and then combined. In the combined dataset, the expression of galactose-deficient IgA1-associated genes (including GALNT2, GALNT12, C1GALT1, C1GALT1C1 and ST6GALNAC2) were compared between atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. Results Atopic dermatitis was associated with an increased risk of IgA nephropathy (OR = 1.054, 95% CI = 1.014-1.095, p = 0.007). However, acne and psoriasis showed no significant causal relationship with IgA nephropathy (OR = 0.988, 95% CI = 0.948-1.031, p = 0.583; OR = 0.996, 95% CI = 0.966-1.028, p = 0.821). In the combined microarray dataset, the expression levels of GALNT12 and C1GALT1C1 in atopic dermatitis patients were significantly lower compared with controls (p = 2.3e-9; p = 0.00067), which may contribute to an increase in aberrant IgA1 synthesis. Conclusion Among inflammatory skin diseases, atopic dermatitis was found to increase the risk of IgA nephropathy, which may result from the decrease of GALNT12 and C1GALT1C1 expression and the increase of aberrant IgA1 production. Therefore, active management of atopic dermatitis may help prevent the occurrence and progression of IgA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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20
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Georgieva E, Ananiev J, Yovchev Y, Arabadzhiev G, Abrashev H, Zaharieva V, Atanasov V, Kostandieva R, Mitev M, Petkova-Parlapanska K, Karamalakova Y, Tsoneva V, Nikolova G. Stable Nitroxide as Diagnostic Tools for Monitoring of Oxidative Stress and Hypoalbuminemia in the Context of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8045. [PMID: 39125614 PMCID: PMC11312055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major source of ROS-mediated damage to macromolecules, tissues, and the whole body. It is an important marker in the severe picture of pathological conditions. The discovery of free radicals in biological systems gives a "start" to studying various pathological processes related to the development and progression of many diseases. From this moment on, the enrichment of knowledge about the participation of free radicals and free-radical processes in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and endocrine diseases, inflammatory conditions, and infections, including COVID-19, is increasing exponentially. Excessive inflammatory responses and abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels may disrupt mitochondrial dynamics, increasing the risk of cell damage. In addition, low serum albumin levels and changes in the normal physiological balance between reduced and oxidized albumin can be a serious prerequisite for impaired antioxidant capacity of the body, worsening the condition in patients. This review presents the interrelationship between oxidative stress, inflammation, and low albumin levels, which are hallmarks of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Georgieva
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine, Deontology and Dermatovenerology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (E.G.); (J.A.); (V.Z.)
| | - Julian Ananiev
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine, Deontology and Dermatovenerology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (E.G.); (J.A.); (V.Z.)
| | - Yovcho Yovchev
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, University Hospital “Prof. Dr. St. Kirkovich”, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Y.Y.); (G.A.)
| | - Georgi Arabadzhiev
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, University Hospital “Prof. Dr. St. Kirkovich”, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Y.Y.); (G.A.)
| | - Hristo Abrashev
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Vyara Zaharieva
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine, Deontology and Dermatovenerology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (E.G.); (J.A.); (V.Z.)
| | - Vasil Atanasov
- Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Military Medical Academy, 3 G. Sofiiski, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria; (V.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Rositsa Kostandieva
- Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Military Medical Academy, 3 G. Sofiiski, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria; (V.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Mitko Mitev
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital “Prof. Dr. St. Kirkovich”, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Kamelia Petkova-Parlapanska
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (K.P.-P.); (G.N.)
| | - Yanka Karamalakova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (K.P.-P.); (G.N.)
| | - Vanya Tsoneva
- Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Galina Nikolova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (K.P.-P.); (G.N.)
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Li W, Li H, Zha C, Che B, Yu Y, Yang J, Li T. Lipids, lipid-modified drug target genes, and the risk of male infertility: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1392533. [PMID: 39114294 PMCID: PMC11303150 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1392533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous observational studies have reported a possible association between circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs and male infertility (MIF), as well as the mediating role of circulating vitamin D. Then, due to issues such as bias, reverse causality, and residual confounding, inferring causal relationships from these studies may be challenging. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effects of circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs on MIF through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and evaluate the mediating role of vitamin D. Method Genetic variations related to lipid traits and the lipid-lowering effect of lipid modification targets are extracted from the Global Alliance for Lipid Genetics Genome-Wide Association Study. The summary statistics for MIF are from the FinnGen 9th edition. Using quantitative expression feature loci data from relevant organizations to obtain genetic variations related to gene expression level, further to explore the relationship between these target gene expression levels and MIF risk. Two-step MR analysis is used to explore the mediating role of vitamin D. Multiple sensitivity analysis methods (co-localization analysis, Egger intercept test, Cochrane's Q test, pleiotropy residuals and outliers (MR-PRESSO), and the leave-one-out method) are used to demonstrate the reliability of our results. Result In our study, we observed that lipid modification of four lipid-lowering drug targets was associated with MIF risk, the LDLR activator (equivalent to a 1-SD decrease in LDL-C) (OR=1.94, 95% CI 1.14-3.28, FDR=0.040), LPL activator (equivalent to a 1-SD decrease in TG) (OR=1.86, 95% CI 1.25-2.76, FDR=0.022), and CETP inhibitor (equivalent to a 1-SD increase in HDL-C) (OR=1.28, 95% CI 1.07-1.53, FDR=0.035) were associated with a higher risk of MIF. The HMGCR inhibitor (equivalent to a 1-SD decrease in LDL-C) was associated with a lower risk of MIF (OR=0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.83, FDR=0.39). Lipid-modifying effects of three targets were partially mediated by serum vitamin D levels. Mediation was 0.035 (LDLR activator), 0.012 (LPL activator), and 0.030 (CETP inhibitor), with mediation ratios of 5.34% (LDLR activator), 1.94% (LPL activator), and 12.2% (CETP inhibitor), respectively. In addition, there was no evidence that lipid properties and lipid modification effects of six other lipid-lowering drug targets were associated with MIF risk. Multiple sensitivity analysis methods revealed insignificant evidence of bias arising from pleiotropy or genetic confounding. Conclusion This study did not support lipid traits (LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, Apo-A1, and Apo-B) as pathogenic risk factors for MIF. It emphasized that LPL, LDLR, CETP, and HMGCR were promising drug targets for improving male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hu Li
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zha
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bangwei Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Wu Z, Yang L, Wang R, Yang J, Liang P, Ren W, Yu H. Exploring the Mechanism of Asiatic Acid against Atherosclerosis Based on Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, and Experimental Verification. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:969. [PMID: 39065817 PMCID: PMC11279847 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) is a pentacyclic triterpene derived from the traditional medicine Centella asiatica. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-regulating properties. Though previous studies have suggested its potential therapeutic benefits for atherosclerosis, its pharmacological mechanism is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of AA in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Therefore, network pharmacology was employed to uncover the mechanism by which AA acts as an anti-atherosclerotic agent. Furthermore, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and in vitro experiments were performed to elucidate the mechanism of AA's anti-atherosclerotic effects. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated a strong affinity between AA and PPARγ. Further MD simulations demonstrated the favorable stability of AA-PPARγ protein complexes. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AA can dose-dependently inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells. This effect may be mediated through the PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway. This research underscores anti-inflammation as a crucial biological process in AA treatments for atherosclerosis, with PPARγ potentially serving as a key target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (Z.W.); (R.W.)
| | - Luyin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.)
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (Z.W.); (R.W.)
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (Z.W.); (R.W.)
| | - Pan Liang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.)
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wei Ren
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.)
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hong Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (Z.W.); (R.W.)
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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Babiker-Mohamed MH, Bhandari S, Ranganathan P. Pharmacogenetics of therapies in rheumatoid arthritis: An update. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2024:101974. [PMID: 39034216 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2024.101974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory arthritis. Despite many treatment advances, achieving remission or low-disease activity in RA remains challenging, often requiring trial and error approaches with numerous medications. Precision medicine, particularly pharmacogenomics, explores how genetic factors influence drug response in individual patients, and incorporates such factors to develop personalized treatments for individual patients. Genetic variations in drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and targets may contribute to inter-individual differences in drug efficacy and toxicity. Advancements in molecular sequencing have allowed rapid identification of such variants, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This review highlights recent major findings in the pharmacogenetics of therapies in RA, focusing on key genes and SNPs to provide insights into current trends and developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Babiker-Mohamed
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sambhawana Bhandari
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Prabha Ranganathan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Xiang C, Zhong G, Wang H. IL-9 plays a critical role in helminth-induced protection against COVID-19-related cytokine storms. mBio 2024; 15:e0122924. [PMID: 38899916 PMCID: PMC11253585 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01229-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
A recent study published in mBio by Cao et al. demonstrated that the helminth Trichinella sprialis (Ts) alleviates COVID-19-related cytokine storms in an IL-9-dependent way (Z. Cao, J. Wang, X. Liu, Y. Liu, et al., mBio 15:e00905-24, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00905-24). A cytokine storm is a severe immune response characterized by the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IFN-γ, leading to tissue damage and mortality in COVID-19 patients. This study indicated that IL-9 is crucial in protecting against cytokine storm syndromes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and proposed that anti-inflammatory molecules from Ts excretory/secretory (TsES) products could be a novel source for treating such illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunXiao Xiang
- Medical Simulation Centre, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Zhong
- University/Trauma Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiqing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Chen Z, Zhang C, Jiang J, Ouyang J, Zhang D, Chen T, Chu Y, Hu K. The efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in dry eye disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024:102169. [PMID: 39025755 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D (VD) is a vitamin with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Several studies have shown that VD deficiency is associated with the incidence and severity of dry eye disease (DED) in humans. This meta-analysis compared signs and symptoms in patients with DED before and after VD supplementation. METHODS Ten databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Web of science, Ovid, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, CSTJ, Wanfang, Sinomed) and four clinical trials registry websites (ISRCTN, CT, ICTRP, ICH GCP) were searched for studies on the efficacy of VD supplement in patients with DED that were published up to 2023 January. A total of 8 studies with 439 cases were included. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the literature and extracted data to calculate standard mean differences (SMD) for the Schirmer's test (SH test), tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining scores (CFSS, Oxford Scale, 0-5), lid hyperemia, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and visual analogue pain scale (VAS). RESULTS The analysis showed that VD supplementation improved tear production (SMD 1.43, 95% CI 0.81, 2.05, p = 0.000) and tear film stability (SMD 1.19, 95% CI 0.83, 1.55, p = 0.000) and reduced lid hyperemia (SMD -0.71, 95% CI -1.09, -0.32, p = 0.000) and OSDI (SMD -1.10, 95% CI -1.45, -0.74, p = 0.000), which is effective in alleviating the signs and symptoms of DED. CONCLUSIONS VD supplementation could be an adjuvant treatment to alleviate the signs and symptoms of dry eye in the future. However, further studies regarding its most appropriate administration and dosage need to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Chengxiao Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Jiaxuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Junwen Ouyang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Taige Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Yiran Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, PR China.
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Li W, Wang X, An H. Linkage of serum ITIH4 with Th2 signature cytokine, inflammation, exacerbation risk and severity in childhood asthma. Biomark Med 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39011671 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2366149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: ITIH4 has anti-inflammatory properties toward eosinophilic/neutrophilic inflammation. This study aimed to explore clinical value of ITIH4 in childhood asthma. Materials & methods: Serum ITIH4 and inflammatory cytokines were determined in 120 childhood asthma patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In the entire and acute exacerbation patients, ITIH4 positively associated with IFN-γ, but negatively related to proinflammatory cytokines. ITIH4 was lowest in patients with acute exacerbation, followed by chronic persistent, and highest in clinical remission. By receiver-operating characteristic analysis, ITIH4 potentially estimated acute exacerbation asthma risk. Moreover, ITIH4 negatively related to exacerbation severity in acute exacerbation patients. Conclusion: Serum ITIH4 negatively links with Th2 cell signature cytokine, proinflammatory cytokines, exacerbation risk and severity in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Li
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Hong An
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
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Singh G, Sharma P, Forrest G, Harkema S, Behrman A, Gerasimenko Y. Spinal Cord Transcutaneous Stimulation in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Review Examining Upper Extremity Neuromotor Control, Recovery Mechanisms, and Future Directions. J Neurotrauma 2024. [PMID: 38874496 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) results in significant sensorimotor impairments below the injury level, notably in the upper extremities (UEs), impacting daily activities and quality of life. Regaining UE function remains the top priority for individuals post-cervical SCI. Recent advances in understanding adaptive plasticity within the sensorimotor system have led to the development of novel non-invasive neurostimulation strategies, such as spinal cord transcutaneous stimulation (scTS), to facilitate UE motor recovery after SCI. This comprehensive review investigates the neuromotor control of UE, the typical recovery trajectories following SCI, and the therapeutic potential of scTS to enhance UE motor function in individuals with cervical SCI. Although limited in number with smaller sample sizes, the included research articles consistently suggest that scTS, when combined with task-specific training, improves voluntary control of arm and hand function and sensation. Further, the reported improvements translate to the recovery of various UE functional tasks and positively impact the quality of life in individuals with cervical SCI. Several methodological limitations, including stimulation site selection and parameters, training strategies, and sensitive outcome measures, require further advancements to allow successful translation of scTS from research to clinical settings. This review also summarizes the current literature and proposes future directions to support establishing approaches for scTS as a viable neuro-rehabilitative tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Singh
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Kosair for Kids School of Physical Therapy, Spalding University, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Gail Forrest
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Kessler Foundation, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Susan Harkema
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Frazier Rehabilitation Institute, University of Louisville Health, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andrea Behrman
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Frazier Rehabilitation Institute, University of Louisville Health, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Yury Gerasimenko
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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AlGhalawin LS, Alomar M, Al Bassam S, AlHamdan AA, Anan H, Altaweel M, Alomran ZA, Al khamis R, Alqatri AI, Alamoudi MM, Alamer A. Incidence Rate of Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Observational Cohort Study in Saudi Arabia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:3357-3370. [PMID: 39045492 PMCID: PMC11264283 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s459555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) doubles the morbidity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and leads to a 50% increase in mortality compared to the general population. This study aims to estimate the CVD incidence among RA patients in Saudi Arabia (SA), vital for assessing CVD burdens within this group. Patients and Methods This retrospective study took place at two centers in the Eastern Province of SA, including all adult RA patients who visited the rheumatology clinic from 2016 to 2021 and were prescribed disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). CVD incidence was determined by the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), venous thromboembolism (VTE), heart failure (HF), and arrhythmia post-RA diagnosis. Additional data collected included demographics, CVD risk factors, comorbidities, RA-related factors, and medication usage. Results The study comprised 651 patients, 80.5% of whom were females with an average age of 51. The overall CVD incidence was 11.2 per 1000 person-years, with males experiencing five times more incidents than females. The prevalence of CVD risk factors included 18.7% with hypertension, 7.8% with hyperlipidemia, 18.9% with diabetes, and 42.9% with obesity. Significant predictors of CVD were male gender and RA duration, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of 3.17 (95% CI 1.10 to 9.14, P=0.033) and 64.81 (95% CI 3.68 to 1140.6, P=0.004), respectively. Conclusion This unique study from SA examined the CVD incidence in RA patients, identifying long disease duration and male gender as significant predictors. Effective reduction of CVD risk in RA patients requires aggressive management of modifiable risk factors and regular risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Saleh AlGhalawin
- Pharmaceutical Care Affairs, Dammam Medical Complex, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtar Alomar
- Pharmaceutical Care Affairs, Dammam Medical Complex, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Al Bassam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hadeel Anan
- Pharmaceutical Care and Formulary Management Affairs, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwah Altaweel
- Pharmaceutical Care Affairs, Saud AlBabtain Cardiac Center, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Abbas Alomran
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Marwan M Alamoudi
- Rheumatology Department, Dammam Medical Complex, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alamer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
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Hu Y, Zhang R, Li J, Wang H, Wang M, Ren Q, Fang Y, Tian L. Association Between Gut and Nasal Microbiota and Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:633-651. [PMID: 39006241 PMCID: PMC11246088 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s472632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis is a chronic non-infectious inflammation of the nasal mucosa mediated by specific IgE. Recently, the human microbiome has drawn broad interest as a potential new target for treating this condition. This paper succinctly summarizes the main findings of 17 eligible studies published by February 2024, involving 1044 allergic rhinitis patients and 954 healthy controls from 5 countries. These studies examine differences in the human microbiome across important mucosal interfaces, including the nasal and intestinal areas, between patients and controls. Overall, findings suggest variations in the gut microbiota between allergic rhinitis patients and healthy individuals, although the specific bacterial taxa that significantly changed were not always consistent across studies. Due to the limited scope of existing research and patient coverage, the relationship between the nasal microbiome and allergic rhinitis remains inconclusive. The article discusses the potential immune-regulating role of the gut microbiome in allergic rhinitis. Further well-designed clinical trials with large-scale recruitment of allergic rhinitis patients are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiya Wang
- Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyi Ren
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueqi Fang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Tian
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang P, Xu Q, Zhu R. Vitamin D and allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1420883. [PMID: 39026686 PMCID: PMC11254667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1420883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the relationship between vitamin D and allergic diseases has received widespread attention. As a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin D plays a crucial role in regulating the immune system and may influence the onset and progression of diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we have summarized the current research on the association between vitamin D and allergic diseases. We also discuss the impact of vitamin D on the immune system and its role in the course of allergic diseases, particularly focusing on how vitamin D supplementation affects the treatment outcomes of these conditions. We aim to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for optimizing the management and treatment of allergic diseases by modulating vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panyu Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingxiu Xu
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongfei Zhu
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Tahri S, Elloumi N, Khabou B, Frikha R, Turki H, Mahfoudh N, Bahloul E, Hachicha H, Masmoudi H, Abida O. Exploring the role of vitamin D-VDR pathway in pemphigus foliaceous: a novel perspective on disease pathogenesis. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:449. [PMID: 38958777 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03192-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Several auto-immune diseases have been linked to vitamin D deficiency as a contributing environmental factor. Its pleiotropic effects on the immune system, especially its essential role in maintaining immune tolerance, make the vitamin D pathway of great interest. In this study, we focused on Pemphigus foliaceous (PF) in Tunisian population. we aimed to quantify the Serum 25[OH]D levels using chemiluminescence assay and to analyze the differential expression of the VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 genes in the circulating blood cells and lesional skin tissue of PF patients using Q-PCR. A genetic explanation was then sought to explore any direct relationship between tag polymorphisms and the inherited features of PF. Results confirmed a vitamin D hypovitaminosis in Tunisian PF patients. Interestingly, a differential gene expression correlated to the disease stratification was noted. Indeed, at the systemic level, an upregulation of VDR and CYP27B1 genes was observed in healthy controls compared to PF patients. Notably, in lesional skin tissue, the clinical and serological remission phase was correlated with high transcriptional levels of the VDR gene and conversely a drop in expression of the CYP24A1 gene. Genetic analysis indicated the involvement of the most appealing polymorphisms, rs2228570 and poly (A) microsatellite, in PF etiopathogenesis. Indeed, CAC13 haplotype was associated with a higher risk of PF development. Our findings suggest that alterations in the vitamin D-VDR pathway may influence PF physiopathology, making this pathway a potential target for pharmacological modulation, especially for cortico-resistant PF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Tahri
- Research Laboratory LR18/SP12 Auto-Immunity, Cancer and Immunogenetics, Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Nesrine Elloumi
- Research Laboratory LR18/SP12 Auto-Immunity, Cancer and Immunogenetics, Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Boudour Khabou
- Research Laboratory LR18/SP12 Auto-Immunity, Cancer and Immunogenetics, Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Frikha
- Research Laboratory LR18/SP12 Auto-Immunity, Cancer and Immunogenetics, Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamida Turki
- Dermatology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Mahfoudh
- Immunology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Emna Bahloul
- Dermatology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hend Hachicha
- Research Laboratory LR18/SP12 Auto-Immunity, Cancer and Immunogenetics, Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Masmoudi
- Research Laboratory LR18/SP12 Auto-Immunity, Cancer and Immunogenetics, Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Abida
- Research Laboratory LR18/SP12 Auto-Immunity, Cancer and Immunogenetics, Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Papa V, Li Pomi F, Borgia F, Vaccaro M, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Alarmins in cutaneous malignant melanoma: An updated overview of emerging evidence on their pathogenetic, diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic role. J Dermatol 2024; 51:927-938. [PMID: 38775220 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Malignant cutaneous melanoma is the leading cause of death for skin cancer to date, with globally increasing incidence rates. In this epidemiological scenario, international scientific research is exerting efforts to identify new clinical strategies aimed at the prognostic amelioration of the disease. Very promising and groundbreaking in this context is the scientific interest related to alarmins and their pioneering utility in the setting of the pathogenetic understanding, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy for malignant cutaneous melanoma. However, the scientific investigations on this matter should not overlook their still well-presented dual and contradictory role. The aim of our critical analysis is to provide an up-to-date overview of the emerging evidence concerning the dichotomous role of alarmins in the aforementioned clinical settings. Our literature revision was based on the extensive body of both preclinical and clinical findings published on the PubMed database over the past 5 years. In addition to this, we offer a special focus on potentially revolutionary new therapeutic frontiers, which, on the strength of their earliest successes in other clinical areas, could inaugurate a new era of personalized and precision medicine in the field of dermato-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Papa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Li Pomi
- Department of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Borgia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Liu Y, Xu T, Ma Z, Zhang C, Xu M, Li Q, Chen W, Zhang Y, Liu C, Lin N. Cartilage protective and anti-edema effects of JTF in osteoarthritis via inhibiting NCOA4-HMGB1-driven ferroptosis and aquaporin dysregulation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155593. [PMID: 38621329 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preventing joint edema is crucial in halting osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Growing clinical evidence indicate that Jianpi-Tongluo Formula (JTF) may have a promising anti-edema effect. However, the therapeutic properties of JTF and the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS An OA rat model was established and employed to evaluate pharmacological effects of JTF in vivo based on dynamic histopathologic assessments and micro-CT observations. Then, OA-related genes and potential targets of JTF were identified through clinical transcriptomic data analysis and "disease gene-drug target" network analysis, which were verified by a series of in vivo experiments. RESULTS JTF administration effectively reduced pain and joint edema, inhibited matrix degradation, chondrocyte apoptosis, and aquaporin expression in OA rats. Notably, JTF dose-dependently reversed damage-associated molecular patterns and inflammatory factor upregulation. Mechanically, our "disease gene-drug target" network analysis indicated that the NCOA4-HMGB1-GSK3B-AQPs axis, implicated in ferroptosis and aquaporin dysregulation, may be potentially served as a target of JTF against OA. Accordingly, JTF mitigated NCOA4, HMGB1, and GSK3B expression, oxidative stress, and iron metabolism aberrations in OA rats. Furthermore, JTF treatment significantly attenuated the aberrant upregulation of AQP1, AQP3, and AQP4 proteins observed in cartilage tissues of OA rats. CONCLUSION Our data reveal for the first time that JTF may exert cartilage protective and anti-edema effects in osteoarthritis therapy by inhibiting NCOA4-HMGB1-driven ferroptosis and aquaporin dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tengteng Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhaochen Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mingzhu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Weiheng Chen
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 51 Anwai Xiaoguanjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanqiong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Chunfang Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Na Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China.
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Santana NNM, Silva EHA, Santos SFD, Bezerra LLF, da Silva MMO, Cavalcante JS, Fiuza FP, Morais PLADG, Engelberth RC. Neuronal Stability, Volumetric Changes, and Decrease in GFAP Expression of Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Subcortical Visual Nuclei During Aging. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25649. [PMID: 38967410 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The physiological aging process is well known for functional decline in visual abilities. Among the components of the visual system, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (DLG) and superior colliculus (SC) provide a good model for aging investigations, as these structures constitute the main visual pathways for retinal inputs reaching the visual cortex. However, there are limited data available on quantitative morphological and neurochemical aspects in DLG and SC across lifespan. Here, we used optical density to determine immunoexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and design-based stereological probes to estimate the neuronal number, total volume, and layer volume of the DLG and SC in marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), ranging from 36 to 143 months of age. Our results revealed an age-related increase in total volume and layer volume of the DLG, with an overall stability in SC volume. Furthermore, a stable neuronal number was demonstrated in DLG and superficial layers of SC (SCv). A decrease in GFAP immunoexpression was observed in both visual centers. The results indicate region-specific variability in volumetric parameter, possibly attributed to structural plastic events in response to inflammation and compensatory mechanisms at the cellular and subcellular level. Additionally, the DLG and SCv seem to be less vulnerable to aging effects in terms of neuronal number. The neuropeptidergic data suggest that reduced GFAP expression may reflect morphological atrophy in the astroglial cells. This study contributes to updating the current understanding of aging effects in the visual system and stablishes a crucial foundation for future research on visual perception throughout the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelyane N M Santana
- Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, Brazil
| | - Eryck H A Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Sâmarah F Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Lyzandro L F Bezerra
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Maria M O da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jeferson S Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Felipe P Fiuza
- Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, Brazil
| | - Paulo L A de G Morais
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, College of the Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Rovena Clara Engelberth
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Rothenberg-Lausell C, Bar J, Dahabreh D, Renert-Yuval Y, Del Duca E, Guttman-Yassky E. Biologic and small-molecule therapy for treating moderate to severe atopic dermatitis: Mechanistic considerations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:20-30. [PMID: 38670231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex and heterogeneous skin disease for which achieving complete clinical clearance for most patients has proven challenging through single cytokine inhibition. Current studies integrate biomarkers and evaluate their role in AD, aiming to advance our understanding of the diverse molecular profiles implicated. Although traditionally characterized as a TH2-driven disease, extensive research has recently revealed the involvement of TH1, TH17, and TH22 immune pathways as well as the interplay of pivotal immune molecules, such as OX40, OX40 ligand (OX40L), thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and IL-33. This review explores the mechanistic effects of treatments for AD, focusing on mAbs and Janus kinase inhibitors. It describes how these treatments modulate immune pathways and examines their impact on key inflammatory and barrier biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Rothenberg-Lausell
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Jonathan Bar
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dante Dahabreh
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Yael Renert-Yuval
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel and the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ester Del Duca
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Dermatology, University of La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
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Farhana A, Khan YS, Alsrhani A. Vitamin D at the intersection of health and disease: The immunomodulatory perspective. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2024; 18:1-4. [PMID: 38974647 PMCID: PMC11226939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Farhana
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yusuf Saleem Khan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Hail Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alsrhani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia
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Mirbagheri A, Rinkel GJE, Berneburg M, Etminan N. Association of Global Ultraviolet Radiation With the Incidence of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2024:00006123-990000000-01261. [PMID: 38949385 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000003091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Inflammation is a key pathomechanism for growth and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Anti-inflammatory mechanisms may reduce rupture of intracranial aneurysms and the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight exposure induces systemic anti-inflammatory responses through immunosuppressive mechanisms. We studied whether SAH incidence is associated with UV radiation. METHODS Global SAH incidence, time trends, and regional differences from 32 countries were linked to UV radiation data from the Tropospheric Emission Monitoring Internet Service. Odds between low vs high UV exposure and SAH incidence were calculated. Correlation analysis was performed using R (R 4.1.2). RESULTS SAH incidences ranged from 1.3 to 27 per 100 000 patient-years (p-y) and UV index from 1.76 to 11.27. The correlation coefficient (rho) between SAH incidence and UV index was -0.48 (P = .012). SAH incidence was highest in Japan (13.7-27.9 p-y) with an UV index 6.28. UV index was highest in Chile 11.27 with a lower SAH incidence (3.8-4.8 p-y). The lowest UV index 1.76 was seen in Iceland with higher SAH incidence (9.8 p-y).Within Europe, regions with higher UV indices reported lower SAH incidences (Northwest Europe: SAH incidence p-y 8.61/UV index 2.85; Southeast Europe: SAH incidence p-y 7.37/UV index 4.65) with a significant inverse correlation (rho = -0.68, P = .004) and not a significant correlation between non-European countries (rho = -0.43, P = .19). Low exposure of UV radiation in global regions predicted higher than median incidences of SAH with an odds ratio 5.13 (95% CIs 1.02-31.5). CONCLUSION The incidence of SAH is inversely associated with UV radiation. Further studies should assess the actual UV exposure in relation to SAH incidence and potential biological explanations for the relation we found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andia Mirbagheri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gabriel J E Rinkel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mark Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nima Etminan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Wang Y, Jiang H, Yu X, Peng Q, Zheng Z, Wu Y, Li C. Coexistence of adult-onset Still's disease and SAPHO syndrome. Arch Med Sci 2024; 20:1053-1056. [PMID: 39050173 PMCID: PMC11264156 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/189502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yunuo Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixu Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbo Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuwei Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zixiang Zheng
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanhao Wu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zhang F, Tang T, Liu J, Wang W, Wang Y, Yan Y, Liu J, Liu H. Calcium and vitamin D supplements and burnout of anesthesiologists: National cross-sectional study from China. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024:912174241262120. [PMID: 38904249 DOI: 10.1177/00912174241262120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Job burnout among anesthesiologists has been consistently high. This study evaluated the association of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with burnout among Chinese anesthesiologists. METHOD A cross-sectional online survey was conducted during April and May 2023. Burnout was evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which assesses emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. Data on calcium and vitamin D supplementations were self-reported. Sociodemographic information and medical history were also assessed. Binary and ordinal logistic regression were used to evaluate the risk of burnout and burnout levels, respectively. The relative excess risk due to interaction and the attributable proportion due to interaction were examined to determine the synergistic effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementations on burnout risk. RESULTS Among the 4222 invited anesthesiologists, 3766 submitted eligible questionnaires. Approximately 49.8% met the criteria for general burnout. Among anesthesiologists with burnout, 58.4% experienced emotional exhaustion, 35.8% depersonalization, and 61.2% low personal accomplishment. Anesthesiologists receiving calcium supplementation had a decreased risk of emotional exhaustion (OR = .83, 95% CI = .70-.99). Supplementation of vitamin D with or without calcium was not associated with overall burnout and any of its dimensions. No additive interaction of calcium and vitamin D on burnout was observed. CONCLUSIONS Job burnout among anesthesiologists is of concern in China. Burnout is negatively associated with calcium supplementation but not with vitamin D. Further research is warranted to confirm the mechanism and causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianying Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangtian Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
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Ene CD, Nicolae I, Tampa M, Georgescu SR, Ene C, Matei C, Leulescu IMT, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Capusa C. The Cellular Stress and Cutaneous Manifestations in Renal Cell Carcinomas-A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3640. [PMID: 38999207 PMCID: PMC11242689 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The carcinomas originating from the renal cortex are the most aggressive renal malignancies, with a high tendency for metastasis. Understanding the incidence of cutaneous manifestations caused by renal carcinomas is a challenge. In the first part, this article summarizes a series of factors that promote oncogenesis, invasiveness, and the ability of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to develop secondary cutaneous manifestations. It is postulated that the cellular stress response is one of the leading causes of developing dermatological events induced by cancers located at distant sites. Furthermore, the paper provides an overview of cutaneous complications associated with renal cancer, categorized as malignant manifestations (metastases, synchronous or metachronous cutaneous malignancies associated with renal cancer), non-malignant indirect cutaneous manifestations associated with renal cancer, and treatment consequences. The data presented in this article suggest that recognizing certain cutaneous disorders could assist the physician in the early identification of renal neoplasms and could lead to a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Daniela Ene
- Department of Nephrology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.E.); (C.C.)
- Department of Nephrology, ‘Carol Davila’ Nephrology Hospital, 010731 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Nicolae
- Research Department, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mircea Tampa
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cosmin Ene
- Department of Urology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Urology, “Saint John” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 13 Vitan-Barzesti, 042122 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Clara Matei
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | | | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.M.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Madalina Irina Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.M.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Cristina Capusa
- Department of Nephrology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.E.); (C.C.)
- Department of Nephrology, ‘Carol Davila’ Nephrology Hospital, 010731 Bucharest, Romania
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Wang H, Hosakote YM, Boor PJ, Yang J, Zhang Y, Yu X, Gonzales C, Levine CB, McLellan S, Cloutier N, Xie X, Shi PY, Ren P, Hu H, Sun K, Soong L, Sun J, Liang Y. The alarmin IL-33 exacerbates pulmonary inflammation and immune dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 infection. iScience 2024; 27:110117. [PMID: 38947521 PMCID: PMC11214397 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated host immune responses contribute to disease severity and worsened prognosis in COVID-19 infection and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we observed that IL-33, a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, is significantly increased in COVID-19 patients and in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice. Using IL-33-/- mice, we demonstrated that IL-33 deficiency resulted in significant decreases in bodyweight loss, tissue viral burdens, and lung pathology. These improved outcomes in IL-33-/- mice also correlated with a reduction in innate immune cell infiltrates, i.e., neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer cells, and activated T cells in inflamed lungs. Lung RNA-seq results revealed that IL-33 signaling enhances activation of inflammatory pathways, including interferon signaling, pathogen phagocytosis, macrophage activation, and cytokine/chemokine signals. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the alarmin IL-33 plays a pathogenic role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and provides new insights that will inform the development of effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yashoda M. Hosakote
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Paul J. Boor
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yuanyi Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Casey Gonzales
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Corri B. Levine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Susan McLellan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nicole Cloutier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Xuping Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Haitao Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Keer Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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Soffritti I, D’Accolti M, Bini F, Mazziga E, Di Luca D, Maccari C, Arcangeletti MC, Caselli E. Virus-Induced MicroRNA Modulation and Systemic Sclerosis Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1360. [PMID: 38927567 PMCID: PMC11202132 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA sequences that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are involved in the regulation of multiple pathways, related to both physiological and pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Specifically, SSc is recognized as a complex and multifactorial disease, characterized by vascular abnormalities, immune dysfunction, and progressive fibrosis, affecting skin and internal organs. Among predisposing environmental triggers, evidence supports the roles of oxidative stress, chemical agents, and viral infections, mostly related to those sustained by beta-herpesviruses such as HCMV and HHV-6. Dysregulated levels of miRNA expression have been found in SSc patients compared to healthy controls, at both the intra- and extracellular levels, providing a sort of miRNA signature of the SSc disease. Notably, HCMV/HHV-6 viral infections were shown to modulate the miRNA profile, often superposing that observed in SSc, potentially promoting pathological pathways associated with SSc development. This review summarizes the main data regarding miRNA alterations in SSc disease, highlighting their potential as prognostic or diagnostic markers for SSc disease, and the impact of the putative SSc etiological agents on miRNA modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria D’Accolti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Bini
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mazziga
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Di Luca
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Clara Maccari
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.M.); (M.-C.A.)
| | - Maria-Cristina Arcangeletti
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.M.); (M.-C.A.)
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
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Xin S, Liu X, He C, Gao H, Wang B, Hua R, Gao L, Shang H, Sun F, Xu J. Inflammation accelerating intestinal fibrosis: from mechanism to clinic. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:335. [PMID: 38890719 PMCID: PMC11184829 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a prevalent complication of IBD that that can frequently be triggered by prolonged inflammation. Fibrosis in the gut can cause a number of issues, which continue as an ongoing challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. The primary causes of intestinal fibrosis are soluble molecules, G protein-coupled receptors, epithelial-to-mesenchymal or endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the gut microbiota. Fresh perspectives coming from in vivo and in vitro experimental models demonstrate that fibrogenic pathways might be different, at least to some extent, independent of the ones that influence inflammation. Understanding the distinctive procedures of intestinal fibrogenesis should provide a realistic foundation for targeting and blocking specific fibrogenic pathways, estimating the risk of fibrotic consequences, detecting early fibrotic alterations, and eventually allowing therapy development. Here, we first summarize the inflammatory and non-inflammatory components of fibrosis, and then we elaborate on the underlying mechanism associated with multiple cytokines in fibrosis, providing the framework for future clinical practice. Following that, we discuss the relationship between modernization and disease, as well as the shortcomings of current studies. We outline fibrosis diagnosis and therapy, as well as our recommendations for the future treatment of intestinal fibrosis. We anticipate that the global review will provides a wealth of fresh knowledge and suggestions for future fibrosis clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Clinical Medical College, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Boya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Rongxuan Hua
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hongwei Shang
- Experimental Center for Morphological Research Platform, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Luo X, Xie X, Zhang L, Shi Y, Fu B, Yuan L, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Ke W, Yang B. Uncovering the mechanisms of host mitochondrial cardiolipin release in syphilis: Insights from human microvascular endothelial cells. Int J Med Microbiol 2024; 316:151627. [PMID: 38908301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The release of host mitochondrial cardiolipin is believed to be the main factor that contributes to the production of anti-cardiolipin antibodies in syphilis. However, the precise mechanism by which mitochondria release cardiolipin in this context remains elusive. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial cardiolipin release in syphilis. We conducted a cardiolipin quantitative assay and immunofluorescence analysis to detect mitochondrial cardiolipin release in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), with and without Treponema pallidum (Tp) infection. Furthermore, we explored apoptosis, a key mechanism for mitochondrial cardiolipin release. The potential mediator molecules were then analyzed through RNA-sequence and subsequently validated using in vitro knockout techniques mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 and pathway-specific inhibitors. Our findings confirm that live-Tp is capable of initiating the release of mitochondrial cardiolipin, whereas inactivated-Tp does not exhibit this capability. Additionally, apoptosis detection further supports the notion that the release of mitochondrial cardiolipin occurs independently of apoptosis. The RNA-sequencing results indicated that microtubule-associated protein2 (MAP2), an axonogenesis and dendrite development gene, was up-regulated in HMEC-1 treated with Tp, which was further confirmed in syphilitic lesions by immunofluorescence. Notably, genetic knockout of MAP2 inhibited Tp-induced mitochondrial cardiolipin release in HMEC-1. Mechanically, Tp-infection regulated MAP2 expression via the MEK-ERK-HES1 pathway, and MEK/ERK phosphorylation inhibitors effectively block Tp-induced mitochondrial cardiolipin release. This study demonstrated that the infection of live-Tp enhanced the expression of MAP2 via the MEK-ERK-HES1 pathway, thereby contributing to our understanding of the role of anti-cardiolipin antibodies in the diagnosis of syphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Xie
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Litian Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanqiang Shi
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bo Fu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liyan Yuan
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yinbo Jiang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Wujian Ke
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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45
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Ritson M, Wheeler-Jones CPD, Stolp HB. Endothelial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease: Is endothelial inflammation an overlooked druggable target? J Neuroimmunol 2024; 391:578363. [PMID: 38728929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurological diseases with a neurodegenerative component have been associated with alterations in the cerebrovasculature. At the anatomical level, these are centred around changes in cerebral blood flow and vessel organisation. At the molecular level, there is extensive expression of cellular adhesion molecules and increased release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Together, these has been found to negatively impact blood-brain barrier integrity. Systemic inflammation has been found to accelerate and exacerbate endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and degeneration. Here, we review the role of cerebrovasculature dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease and discuss the potential contribution of intermittent pro-inflammatory systemic disease in causing endothelial pathology, highlighting a possible mechanism that may allow broad-spectrum therapeutic targeting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Ritson
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | | | - Helen B Stolp
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK.
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Wrześniewska M, Wołoszczak J, Świrkosz G, Szyller H, Gomułka K. The Role of the Microbiota in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis-A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6539. [PMID: 38928245 PMCID: PMC11203945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a high prevalence worldwide. AD pathogenesis is complex and consists of immune system dysregulation and impaired skin barrier, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of the review is to show the complex interplay between atopic dermatitis and the microbiota. Human microbiota plays an important role in AD pathogenesis and the course of the disease. Dysbiosis is an important factor contributing to the development of atopic diseases, including atopic dermatitis. The gut microbiota can influence the composition of the skin microbiota, strengthening the skin barrier and regulating the immune response via the involvement of bacterial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, in signaling pathways of the gut-skin axis. AD can be modulated by antibiotic intake, dietary adjustments, hygiene, and living conditions. One of the promising strategies for modulating the course of AD is probiotics. This review offers a summary of how the microbiota influences the development and treatment of AD, highlighting aspects that warrant additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Wrześniewska
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Julia Wołoszczak
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Gabriela Świrkosz
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Hubert Szyller
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Gomułka
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Cowan R, Mann G, Salibian AA. Ultrasound in Microsurgery: Current Applications and New Frontiers. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3412. [PMID: 38929941 PMCID: PMC11204189 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound has revolutionized reconstructive microsurgery, offering real-time imaging and enhanced precision allowing for preoperative flap planning, recipient vessel identification and selection, postoperative flap monitoring, and lymphatic surgery. This narrative review of the literature provides an updated evidence-based overlook on the current applications and emerging frontiers of ultrasound in microsurgery, focusing on free tissue transfer and lymphatic surgery. Color duplex ultrasound (CDU) plays a pivotal role in preoperative flap planning and design, providing real-time imaging that enables detailed perforator mapping, perforator suitability assessment, blood flow velocity measurement, and, ultimately, flap design optimization. Ultrasound also aids in recipient vessel selection by providing assessment of caliber, patency, location, and flow velocity of recipient vessels. Postoperatively, ultrasound enables real-time monitoring of flap perfusion, providing early detection of potential flap compromise and improved flap survival rates. In lymphatic surgery, ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) offers precise mapping and evaluation of lymphatic vessels, improving efficacy and efficiency by targeting larger dilated vessels. Integrating ultrasound into reconstructive microsurgery represents a significant advancement in the utilization of imaging in the field. With growing accessibility of devices, improved training, and technological advancements, using ultrasound as a key imaging tool offers substantial potential for the evolution of reconstructive microsurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ara A. Salibian
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Li S, Xiong F, Zhang S, Liu J, Gao G, Xie J, Wang Y. Oligonucleotide therapies for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102184. [PMID: 38665220 PMCID: PMC11044058 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a severe disease subtype of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is thought to be highly associated with systemic metabolic abnormalities. It is characterized by a series of substantial liver damage, including hepatocellular steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The end stage of NASH, in some cases, may result in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nowadays a large number of investigations are actively under way to test various therapeutic strategies, including emerging oligonucleotide drugs (e.g., antisense oligonucleotide, small interfering RNA, microRNA, mimic/inhibitor RNA, and small activating RNA) that have shown high potential in treating this fatal liver disease. This article systematically reviews the pathogenesis of NASH/NAFLD, the promising druggable targets proven by current studies in chemical compounds or biological drug development, and the feasibility and limitations of oligonucleotide-based therapeutic approaches under clinical or pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Songbo Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical, School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical, School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610066, China
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Gorini F, Tonacci A. Vitamin D: An Essential Nutrient in the Dual Relationship between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Celiac Disease-A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1762. [PMID: 38892695 PMCID: PMC11174782 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are among the most frequent autoimmune disorders, with a multifactorial etiology in which both genetic and environmental determinants are probably involved. Celiac disease (CeD) also represents a public concern, given its increasing prevalence due to the recent improvement of screening programs, leading to the detection of silent subtypes. The two conditions may be closely associated due to common risk factors, including genetic setting, changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota, and deficiency of nutrients like vitamin D. This comprehensive review discussed the current evidence on the pivotal role of vitamin D in modulating both gut microbiota dysbiosis and immune system dysfunction, shedding light on the possible relevance of an adequate intake of this nutrient in the primary prevention of AITD and CeD. While future technology-based strategies for proper vitamin D supplementation could be attractive in the context of personalized medicine, several issues remain to be defined, including standardized assays for vitamin D determination, timely recommendations on vitamin D intake for immune system functioning, and longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials to definitely establish a causal relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the onset of AITD and CeD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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50
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Hu Z, Zheng Y, Zheng J, Wang Y, Liao J, Liu Z, Li J, Cui H. Effect of body mass index and cholesterol-rich apolipoprotein-B-containing lipoproteins on clinical outcome in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors-based therapy: A retrospective analysis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7241. [PMID: 38819098 PMCID: PMC11140693 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity and hypercholesterolemia are linked to unfavor clinical outcomes. Recent studies declared the paradox that high body mass index (BMI) and serum cholesterol were independently connected to better clinical outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) monotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of the study is to investigate the prognosis of BMI and serum cholesterol in ICIs-based therapy. METHODS This is a retrospective study of 95 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs-based therapy at the Department of Oncology and Lung Cancer Center of China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Treatment efficacy was assessed using durable clinical benefit (DCB) versus nondurable benefit (NDB), best response (active vs. nonactive), and progression-free survival (PFS). The prognostic value of BMI, LDL-C, and RC was determined by multivariate regression analyses, while controlling for confounding factors including age, gender, diabetes status, smoking history, and statin usage. BMI was considered a confounding factor in the analysis when examining the impact of lipoproteins. RESULTS In our study, we found that in the whole group, BMI ≥25 kg/m2 was linked to a higher risk of poor therapeutic response (OR = 5.92, 95% CI 1.99-19.51, p.val = 0.002) and shorter progression-free survival (HR = 3.00, 95% CI 1.59-5.68, p.val = 0.001). In addition, low levels of RC were associated with better therapeutic response (OR = 0.12, 95% CI 0.02-0.64, p.val = 0.019), while low levels of serum LDL-C were found to predict longer PFS (HR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.19-0.82, p.val = 0.012). These associations were consistent in advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs and chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggest that BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and elevated levels of apoB-containing lipoproteins, including LDL-C and RC, could potentially serve as useful prognostic markers for predicting poor treatment outcomes in advanced NSCLC patients treated with the combination of chemotherapy and ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Hu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of OncologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yumin Zheng
- Department of OncologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiabin Zheng
- Department of OncologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of National Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Centre for Cardiovascular DiseaseChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jiangquan Liao
- Department of National Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Centre for Cardiovascular DiseaseChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zhening Liu
- Department of OncologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jia Li
- Department of OncologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Huijuan Cui
- Department of OncologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
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