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Lv Z, Wang Z, Hu J, Su H, Liu B, Lang Y, Yu Q, Liu Y, Fan X, Yang M, Shen N, Zhang D, Zhang X, Wang R. LncRNA PVT1 induces mitochondrial dysfunction of podocytes via TRIM56 in diabetic kidney disease. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:697. [PMID: 39349450 PMCID: PMC11442824 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-07107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant contributor to podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). While previous studies have shown that PVT1 might play a vital role in DKD, the precise molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. By analyzing the plasma and kidney tissues of DKD patients, we observed a significant upregulation of PVT1 expression, which exhibited a positive correlation with albumin/creatinine ratios and serum creatinine levels. Then, we generated mice with podocyte-specific deletion of PVT1 (Nphs2-Cre/Pvt1flox/flox) and confirmed that the deletion of PVT1 suppressed podocyte mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in addition to ameliorating diabetes-induced podocyte injury, glomerulopathy, and proteinuria. Subsequently, we cultured podocytes in vitro and observed that PVT1 expression was upregulated under hyperglycemic conditions. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that PVT1 was involved in mitochondrial dysfunction by interacting with TRIM56 post-transcriptionally to modulate the ubiquitination of AMPKα, leading to aberrant mitochondrial biogenesis and fission. Additionally, the release of mtDNA and mtROS from damaged mitochondria triggered inflammation in podocytes. Subsequently, we verified the important role of TRIM56 in vivo by constructing Nphs2-Cre/Trim56flox/flox mice, consistently with the results of Nphs2-Cre/Pvt1flox/flox mice. Together, our results revealed that upregulation of PVT1 could promote mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation of podocyte by modulating TRIM56, highlighting a potential novel therapeutic target for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Jinxiu Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yating Lang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Qun Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xiaoting Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Meilin Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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Gonzalez-Orozco M, Rodriguez-Salazar CA, Giraldo MI. The Dual Role of TRIM7 in Viral Infections. Viruses 2024; 16:1285. [PMID: 39205259 PMCID: PMC11360163 DOI: 10.3390/v16081285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM7 is known to have dual roles during viral infections. Like other TRIM proteins, TRIM7 can regulate the IFN pathway via the regulation of the cytosolic receptors RIG-I or MDA-5, which promote the production of type I interferons (IFN-I) and antiviral immune responses. Alternatively, under certain infectious conditions, TRIM7 can negatively regulate IFN-I signaling, resulting in increased virus replication. A growing body of evidence has also shown that TRIM7 can, in some cases, ubiquitinate viral proteins to promote viral replication and pathogenesis, while in other cases it can promote degradation of viral proteins through the proteasome, reducing virus infection. TRIM7 can also regulate the host inflammatory response and modulate the production of inflammatory cytokines, which can lead to detrimental inflammation. TRIM7 can also protect the host during infection by reducing cellular apoptosis. Here, we discuss the multiple functions of TRIM7 during viral infections and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gonzalez-Orozco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (M.G.-O.); (C.A.R.-S.)
| | - Carlos A. Rodriguez-Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (M.G.-O.); (C.A.R.-S.)
- Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Corporación Universitaria Empresarial Alexander von Humboldt, Armenia 630003, Colombia
| | - Maria I. Giraldo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (M.G.-O.); (C.A.R.-S.)
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3
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Gong X, He S, Cai P. Roles of TRIM21/Ro52 in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1435525. [PMID: 39165359 PMCID: PMC11333224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1435525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple factors contribute to the development of connective tissue diseases (CTD), often alongside a range of interstitial lung diseases (ILD), including Sjögren's syndrome-associated ILD, systemic sclerosis-associated ILD, systemic lupus erythematosus-associated ILD, idiopathic inflammatory myositis-associated ILD. TRIM21(or Ro52), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a vital role in managing innate and adaptive immunity, and maintaining cellular homeostasis, and is a focal target for autoantibodies in various rheumatic autoimmune diseases. However, the effectiveness of anti-TRIM21 antibodies in diagnosing CTD remains a matter of debate because of their non-specific nature. Recent studies indicate that TRIM21 and its autoantibody are involved in the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD and play an important role in diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we focus on the contribution of TRIM21 in the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD, as well as the potential diagnostic value of its autoantibodies in different types of CTD-ILD for disease progression and potential as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pengcheng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Cannac M, Nisole S. TRIMming down Flavivirus Infections. Viruses 2024; 16:1262. [PMID: 39205236 PMCID: PMC11359179 DOI: 10.3390/v16081262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses comprise a large number of arthropod-borne viruses, some of which are associated with life-threatening diseases. Flavivirus infections are rising worldwide, mainly due to the proliferation and geographical expansion of their vectors. The main human pathogens are mosquito-borne flaviviruses, including dengue virus, Zika virus, and West Nile virus, but tick-borne flaviviruses are also emerging. As with any viral infection, the body's first line of defense against flavivirus infections is the innate immune defense, of which type I interferon is the armed wing. This cytokine exerts its antiviral activity by triggering the synthesis of hundreds of interferon-induced genes (ISGs), whose products can prevent infection. Among the ISGs that inhibit flavivirus replication, certain tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have been identified. Although involved in other biological processes, TRIMs constitute a large family of antiviral proteins active on a wide range of viruses. Furthermore, whereas some TRIM proteins directly block viral replication, others are positive regulators of the IFN response. Therefore, viruses have developed strategies to evade or counteract TRIM proteins, and some even hijack certain TRIM proteins to their advantage. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the interactions between flaviviruses and TRIM proteins, covering both direct and indirect antiviral mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sébastien Nisole
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France
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5
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Nenasheva VV, Stepanenko EA, Tarantul VZ. Multi-Directional Mechanisms of Participation of the TRIM Gene Family in Response of Innate Immune System to Bacterial Infections. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1283-1299. [PMID: 39218025 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924070101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The multigene TRIM family is an important component of the innate immune system. For a long time, the main function of the genes belonging to this family was believed to be an antiviral defense of the host organism. The issue of their participation in the immune system response to bacterial invasion has been less studied. This review is the first comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms of functioning of the TRIM family genes in response to bacterial infections, which expands our knowledge about the role of TRIM in the innate immune system. When infected with different types of bacteria, individual TRIM proteins regulate inflammatory, interferon, and other responses of the immune system in the cells, and also affect autophagy and apoptosis. Functioning of TRIM proteins in response to bacterial infection, as well as viral infection, often includes ubiquitination and various protein-protein interactions with both bacterial proteins and host cell proteins. At the same time, some TRIM proteins, on the contrary, contribute to the infection development. Different members of the TRIM family possess similar mechanisms of response to viral and bacterial infection, and the final impact of these proteins could vary significantly. New data on the effect of TRIM proteins on bacterial infections make an important contribution to a more detailed understanding of the innate immune system functioning in animals and humans when interacting with pathogens. This data could also be used for the search of new targets for antibacterial defense.
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Xi X, Ruffieux H. A modeling framework for detecting and leveraging node-level information in Bayesian network inference. Biostatistics 2024:kxae021. [PMID: 38916966 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bayesian graphical models are powerful tools to infer complex relationships in high dimension, yet are often fraught with computational and statistical challenges. If exploited in a principled way, the increasing information collected alongside the data of primary interest constitutes an opportunity to mitigate these difficulties by guiding the detection of dependence structures. For instance, gene network inference may be informed by the use of publicly available summary statistics on the regulation of genes by genetic variants. Here we present a novel Gaussian graphical modeling framework to identify and leverage information on the centrality of nodes in conditional independence graphs. Specifically, we consider a fully joint hierarchical model to simultaneously infer (i) sparse precision matrices and (ii) the relevance of node-level information for uncovering the sought-after network structure. We encode such information as candidate auxiliary variables using a spike-and-slab submodel on the propensity of nodes to be hubs, which allows hypothesis-free selection and interpretation of a sparse subset of relevant variables. As efficient exploration of large posterior spaces is needed for real-world applications, we develop a variational expectation conditional maximization algorithm that scales inference to hundreds of samples, nodes and auxiliary variables. We illustrate and exploit the advantages of our approach in simulations and in a gene network study which identifies hub genes involved in biological pathways relevant to immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Xi
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, East Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom
| | - Hélène Ruffieux
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, East Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom
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Hernández-Sarmiento LJ, Tamayo-Molina YS, Valdés-López JF, Urcuqui-Inchima S. Interleukin 27, Similar to Interferons, Modulates Gene Expression of Tripartite Motif (TRIM) Family Members and Interferes with Mayaro Virus Replication in Human Macrophages. Viruses 2024; 16:996. [PMID: 38932287 PMCID: PMC11209095 DOI: 10.3390/v16060996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Tripartite motif (TRIM) family includes more than 80 distinct human genes. Their function has been implicated in regulating important cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, transcription, autophagy, and innate immunity. During viral infections, macrophages are key components of innate immunity that produce interferons (IFNs) and IL27. We recently published that IL27 and IFNs induce transcriptional changes in various genes, including those involved in JAK-STAT signaling. Furthermore, IL27 and IFNs share proinflammatory and antiviral pathways in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), resulting in both common and unique expression of inflammatory factors and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) encoding antiviral proteins. Interestingly, many TRIM proteins have been recognized as ISGs in recent years. Although it is already very well described that TRIM expression is induced by IFNs, it is not fully understood whether TRIM genes are induced in macrophages by IL27. Therefore, in this study, we examined the effect of stimulation with IL27 and type I, II, and III IFNs on the mRNA expression profiles of TRIM genes in MDMs. METHODS We used bulk RNA-seq to examine the TRIM expression profile of MDMs treated with IFNs or IL27. Initially, we characterized the expression patterns of different TRIM subfamilies using a heatmap. Subsequently, a volcano plot was employed to identify commonly differentially expressed TRIM genes. Additionally, we conducted gene ontology analysis with ClueGO to explore the biological processes of the regulated TRIMs, created a gene-gene interaction network using GeneMANIA, and examined protein-protein interactions with the STRING database. Finally, RNA-seq data was validated using RT-qPCR. Furthermore, the effect of IL27 on Mayaro virus replication was also evaluated. RESULTS We found that IL27, similar to IFNs, upregulates several TRIM genes' expression in human macrophages. Specifically, we identified three common TRIM genes (TRIM19, 21, and 22) induced by IL27 and all types of human IFNs. Additionally, we performed the first report of transcriptional regulation of TRIM19, 21, 22, and 69 genes in response to IL27. The TRIMs involved a broad range of biological processes, including defense response to viruses, viral life cycle regulation, and negative regulation of viral processes. In addition, we observed a decrease in Mayaro virus replication in MDMs previously treated with IL27. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that IL27, like IFNs, modulates the transcriptional expression of different TRIM-family members involved in the induction of innate immunity and an antiviral response. In addition, the functional analysis demonstrated that, like IFN, IL27 reduced Mayaro virus replication in MDMs. This implies that IL27 and IFNs share many similarities at a functional level. Moreover, identifying distinct TRIM groups and their differential expressions in response to IL27 provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying the antiviral response in human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050001, Colombia; (L.J.H.-S.); (Y.S.T.-M.); (J.F.V.-L.)
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8
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Won J, Kang HS, Kim NY, Dezhbord M, Marakkalage KG, Lee EH, Lee D, Park S, Kim DS, Kim KH. Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 is involved in IFN-γ-induced suppression of hepatitis B virus by regulating hepatocyte nuclear factors. J Virol 2024; 98:e0046824. [PMID: 38780244 PMCID: PMC11237615 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00468-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The antiviral role of the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family , a member of the E3-ubiquitin ligase family, has recently been actively studied. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major contributor to liver diseases; however, the host factors regulated by cytokine-inducible TRIM21 to suppress HBV remain unclear. In this study, we showed the antiviral efficacy of TRIM21 against HBV in hepatoma cell lines, primary human hepatocytes isolated from patient liver tissues, and mouse model. Using TRIM21 knock-out cells, we confirmed that the antiviral effects of interferon-gamma, which suppress HBV replication, are diminished when TRIM21 is deficient. Northern blot analysis confirmed a reduction of HBV RNA levels by TRIM21. Using Luciferase reporter assay, we also discovered that TRIM21 decreases the activity of HBV enhancers, which play a crucial role in covalently closed circular DNA transcription. The participation of the RING domain and PRY-SPRY domain in the anti-HBV effect of TRIM21 was demonstrated through experiments using deletion mutants. We identified a novel interaction between TRIM21 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) through co-immunoprecipitation assay. More specifically, ubiquitination assay revealed that TRIM21 promotes ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of HNF4α. HNF1α transcription is down-regulated as a result of the degradation of HNF4α, an activator for the HNF1α promoter. Therefore, the reduction of key HBV enhancer activators, HNF4α and HNF1α, by TRIM21 resulted in a decline in HBV transcription, ultimately leading to the inhibition of HBV replication.IMPORTANCEDespite extensive research efforts, a definitive cure for chronic hepatitis B remains elusive, emphasizing the persistent importance of this viral infection as a substantial public health concern. Although the risks associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are well known, host factors capable of suppressing HBV are largely uncharacterized. This study elucidates that tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) suppresses HBV transcription and consequently inhibits HBV replication by downregulating the hepatocyte nuclear factors, which are host factors associated with the HBV enhancers. Our findings demonstrate a novel anti-HBV mechanism of TRIM21 in interferon-gamma-induced anti-HBV activity. These findings may contribute to new strategies to block HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Won
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mehrangiz Dezhbord
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eun-Hwi Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyo Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soree Park
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sik Kim
- Department of Surgery, Division of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Velez-Brochero M, Behera P, Afreen KS, Odle A, Rajsbaum R. Ubiquitination in viral entry and replication: Mechanisms and implications. Adv Virus Res 2024; 119:1-38. [PMID: 38897707 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitination process is a reversible posttranslational modification involved in many essential cellular functions, such as innate immunity, cell signaling, trafficking, protein stability, and protein degradation. Viruses can use the ubiquitin system to efficiently enter host cells, replicate and evade host immunity, ultimately enhancing viral pathogenesis. Emerging evidence indicates that enveloped viruses can carry free (unanchored) ubiquitin or covalently ubiquitinated viral structural proteins that can increase the efficiency of viral entry into host cells. Furthermore, viruses continuously evolve and adapt to take advantage of the host ubiquitin machinery, highlighting its importance during virus infection. This review discusses the battle between viruses and hosts, focusing on how viruses hijack the ubiquitination process at different steps of the replication cycle, with a specific emphasis on viral entry. We discuss how ubiquitination of viral proteins may affect tropism and explore emerging therapeutics strategies targeting the ubiquitin system for antiviral drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Velez-Brochero
- Center for Virus-Host-Innate Immunity and Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Padmanava Behera
- Center for Virus-Host-Innate Immunity and Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Kazi Sabrina Afreen
- Center for Virus-Host-Innate Immunity and Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Abby Odle
- Center for Virus-Host-Innate Immunity and Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Ricardo Rajsbaum
- Center for Virus-Host-Innate Immunity and Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.
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Hsu CH, Yu YL. The interconnected roles of TRIM21/Ro52 in systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, cancers, and cancer metabolism. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:289. [PMID: 37993883 PMCID: PMC10664372 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21/Ro52), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is an essential regulator of innate immunity, and its dysregulation is closely associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, predominantly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). TRIM21 /Ro52 also features anti-cancer and carcinogenic functions according to different malignancies. The interconnected role of TRIM21/Ro52 in regulating autoimmunity and cell metabolism in autoimmune diseases and malignancies is implicated. In this review, we summarize current findings on how TRIM21/Ro52 affects inflammation and tumorigenesis, and investigate the relationship between TRIM21/Ro52 expression and the formation of lymphoma and breast cancer in SLE and pSS populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Hsuan Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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Wang H, Canasto-Chibuque C, Kim JH, Hohl M, Leslie C, Reis-Filho JS, Petrini JH. Chronic Interferon Stimulated Gene Transcription Promotes Oncogene Induced Breast Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.16.562529. [PMID: 37905095 PMCID: PMC10614814 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.16.562529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The Mre11 complex (comprising Mre11, Rad50, Nbs1) is integral to the maintenance of genome stability. We previously showed that a hypomorphic Mre11 mutant mouse strain ( Mre11 ATLD1/ATLD1 ) was highly susceptible to oncogene induced breast cancer. Here we used a mammary organoid system to examine which Mre11 dependent responses are tumor suppressive. We found that Mre11 ATLD1/ATLD1 organoids exhibited an elevated interferon stimulated gene (ISG) signature and sustained changes in chromatin accessibility. This Mre11 ATLD1/ATLD1 phenotype depended on DNA binding of a nuclear innate immune sensor, IFI205. Ablation of Ifi205 in Mre11 ATLD1/ATLD1 organoids restored baseline and oncogene-induced chromatin accessibility patterns to those observed in WT . Implantation of Mre11 ATLD1/ATLD1 organoids and activation of oncogene led to aggressive metastatic breast cancer. This outcome was reversed in implanted Ifi205 -/- Mre11 ATLD1/ATLD1 organoids. These data reveal a connection between innate immune signaling and tumor suppression in mammary epithelium. Given the abundance of aberrant DNA structures that arise in the context of genome instability syndromes, the data further suggest that cancer predisposition in those contexts may be partially attributable to tonic innate immune transcriptional programs.
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12
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Ren Z, Yan D, Li G. The role of TRIM family in metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1210330. [PMID: 37867509 PMCID: PMC10585262 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1210330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) ranks among the most prevalent chronic liver conditions globally. At present, the mechanism of MAFLD has not been fully elucidated. Tripartite motif (TRIM) protein is a kind of protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which participates in highly diversified cell activities and processes. It not only plays an important role in innate immunity, but also participates in liver steatosis, insulin resistance and other processes. In this review, we focused on the role of TRIM family in metabolic associated fatty liver disease. We also introduced the structure and functions of TRIM proteins. We summarized the TRIM family's regulation involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic associated fatty liver disease, as well as insulin resistance. We deeply discussed the potential of TRIM proteins as targets for the treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze Ren
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Stepanenko E, Bondareva N, Sheremet A, Fedina E, Tikhomirov A, Gerasimova T, Poberezhniy D, Makarova I, Tarantul V, Zigangirova N, Nenasheva V. Identification of Key TRIM Genes Involved in Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Chlamydia spp. Infections in Human Cell Lines and in Mouse Organs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13290. [PMID: 37686095 PMCID: PMC10487655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections represent an unsolved problem today since bacteria can evade antibiotics and suppress the host's immune response. A family of TRIM proteins is known to play a role in antiviral defense. However, the data on the involvement of the corresponding genes in the antibacterial response are limited. Here, we used RT-qPCR to profile the transcript levels of TRIM genes, as well as interferons and inflammatory genes, in human cell lines (in vitro) and in mice (in vivo) after bacterial infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Chlamydia spp. As a result, the genes were identified that are involved in the overall immune response and associated primarily with inflammation in human cells and in mouse organs when infected with both pathogens (TRIM7, 8, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 47, 68). TRIMs specific to the infection (TRIM59 for P. aeruginosa, TRIM67 for Chlamydia spp.) were revealed. Our findings can serve as a basis for further, more detailed studies on the mechanisms of the immune response to P. aeruginosa and Chlamydia spp. Studying the interaction between bacterial pathogens and the immune system contributes to the search for new ways to successfully fight bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Stepanenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics and Innate Immunity, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.S.)
| | - Natalia Bondareva
- Laboratory for Chlamydiosis, National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after N. F. Gamaleya, Russian Health Ministry, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Anna Sheremet
- Laboratory for Chlamydiosis, National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after N. F. Gamaleya, Russian Health Ministry, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Elena Fedina
- Laboratory for Chlamydiosis, National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after N. F. Gamaleya, Russian Health Ministry, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Alexei Tikhomirov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics and Innate Immunity, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.S.)
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biomedical Pharmaceuticals, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - Tatiana Gerasimova
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics and Innate Immunity, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.S.)
| | - Daniil Poberezhniy
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics and Innate Immunity, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.S.)
| | - Irina Makarova
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics and Innate Immunity, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.S.)
| | - Vyacheslav Tarantul
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics and Innate Immunity, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.S.)
| | - Nailya Zigangirova
- Laboratory for Chlamydiosis, National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after N. F. Gamaleya, Russian Health Ministry, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Valentina Nenasheva
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics and Innate Immunity, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.S.)
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Pan Z, Yang Q, Zhang X, Xu X, Sun Y, Zhou F, Wen L. TRIM5 Promotes Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Through CD4(+) T Cells and Macrophage. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3567-3580. [PMID: 37614552 PMCID: PMC10443694 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s416493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a typical autoimmune disease characterized by the involvement of multiple organs and the production of antinuclear antibodies. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of SLE. Patients and Methods We retrieved genome-wide gene expression levels from five public datasets with relatively large sample sizes from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and we compared the expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from SLE patients and healthy controls (HCs). The expression of seven target genes in PBMCs from 25 cases and 3 HCs was further validated by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT‒qPCR). Flow cytometry was used for verifying the proportion of naive CD4(+) T cells and M2 macrophages in PBMCs from 5 cases and 4 HCs. Results We found 14 genes (TRIM5, FAM8A1, SHFL, LHFPL2, PARP14, IFIT5, PARP12, DDX60, IRF7, IF144, OAS1, OAS3, RHBDF2, and RSAD2) that were differentially expressed among all five datasets. The heterogeneity test under the fixed effect model showed no obvious heterogeneity of TRIM5, FAM8A1, and SHFL across different populations. TRIM5 was positively correlated with the remaining 13 genes. By separating patient samples into TRIM5-high and TRIM5-low groups, we found that up-regulated genes in the TRIM5-high group were mainly enriched in virus-related pathways. Immune cell proportion analysis and flow cytometry revealed that naive CD4(+) T cells were significantly decreased while M2 macrophages were increased in the SLE group. TRIM5 expression levels were negatively correlated with naive CD4(+) T cells but positively correlated with M2 macrophages. Conclusion Our data indicated that TRIM5 might be a key factor that modulates SLE etiology, possibly through naive CD4(+) T cells and M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobing Pan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoshan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fusheng Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leilei Wen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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Feng W, Zhou L, Zhao P, Du H, Diao C, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Jin W, Yu J, Han J, Okoth E, Mrode R, Liu JF. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Warthog and Sus Scrofa Identifies Adaptive Genes Associated with African Swine Fever. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1001. [PMID: 37508430 PMCID: PMC10376286 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) have innate immunity against African swine fever (ASF), it is critical to understand the evolutionary novelty of warthogs to explain their specific ASF resistance. METHODS Here, we present two completed new genomes of one warthog and one Kenyan domestic pig as fundamental genomic references to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of ASF tolerance. RESULTS Multiple genomic variations, including gene losses, independent contraction, and the expansion of specific gene families, likely molded the warthog genome to adapt to the environment. Importantly, the analysis of the presence and absence of genomic sequences revealed that the DNA sequence of the warthog genome had an absence of the gene lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) on chromosome 2 compared with the reference genome. The overexpression and siRNA of LDHB inhibited the replication of the African swine fever virus. Combined with large-scale sequencing data from 42 pigs worldwide, the contraction and expansion of tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) gene families revealed that TRIM family genes in the warthog genome are potentially responsible for its tolerance to ASF. CONCLUSION Our results will help improve the understanding of genetic resistance to ASF in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Shenzhen Kingsino Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pengju Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Heng Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chenguang Diao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenjiao Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Edward Okoth
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Raphael Mrode
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Altered Expression of TRIM Proteins - Inimical Outcome and Inimitable Oncogenic Function in Breast Cancer with Diverse Carcinogenic Hallmarks. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:44-53. [PMID: 35021972 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220111122450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of ubiquitin-mediated degradation of oncogene products or tumor suppressors appears to be implicated in the genesis of carcinomas, according to new clinical findings. Conferring to recent research, some members of the tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins (a subfamily of the RING type E3 ubiquitin ligases) act as significant carcinogenesis regulators. Intracellular signaling, development, apoptosis, protein quality control, innate immunity, autophagy, and carcinogenesis are all regulated by TRIM family proteins, the majority of which have E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The expression of TRIMs in tumors is likely to be related to the formation and/or progression of the disease, and TRIM expression could be used to predict cancer prognosis. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and also the leading cause of death. TRIM family proteins have unique, vital activities, and their dysregulation, such as TRIM 21, promotes breast cancer, according to growing evidence. Many TRIM proteins have been identified as important cancer biomarkers, with decreased or elevated levels of expression. TRIM29 functions as a hypoxia-induced tumor suppressor gene, revealing a new molecular mechanism for ATM-dependent breast cancer suppression. In breast cancer cells, the TRIM28-TWIST1-EMT axis exists, and TRIM28 enhances breast cancer metastasis by stabilizing TWIST1, and thereby increasing epithelial-tomesenchymal transition. Interestingly, many TRIM proteins are involved in the control of p53, and many TRIM proteins are likewise regulated by p53, according to current research. Furthermore, TRIMs linked to specific tumors may aid in the creation of innovative TRIM-targeted cancer treatments. This review focuses on TRIM proteins that are involved in tumor development, progression, and are of clinical significance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
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Yu C, Rao D, Wang T, Song J, Zhang L, Huang W. Emerging roles of TRIM27 in cancer and other human diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1004429. [PMID: 36200036 PMCID: PMC9527303 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1004429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a member of the TRIM protein family, TRIM27 is a RING-mediated E3 ubiquitin ligase that can mark other proteins for degradation. Its ubiquitination targets include PTEN, IκBα and p53, which allows it to regulate many signaling pathways to exert its functions under both physiological and pathological conditions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. During the past decades, TRIM27 was reported to be involved in many diseases, including cancer, lupus nephritis, ischemia-reperfusion injury and Parkinson’s disease. Although the research interest in TRIM27 is increasing, there are few reviews about the diverse roles of this protein. Here, we systematically review the roles of TRIM27 in cancer and other human diseases. Firstly, we introduce the biological functions of TRIM27. Next, we focus on the roles of TRIM27 in cancer, including ovarian cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer. At the same time, we also describe the roles of TRIM27 in other human diseases, such as lupus nephritis, ischemia-reperfusion injury and Parkinson’s disease. Finally, we discuss the future directions of TRIM27 research, especially its potential roles in tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Yu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dean Rao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Song, ; Lei Zhang, ; Wenjie Huang,
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
- Tongji Medical College, Shanxi Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Song, ; Lei Zhang, ; Wenjie Huang,
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Song, ; Lei Zhang, ; Wenjie Huang,
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Luo Q, Jahangir A, He J, Huang C, Xia Y, Jia L, Wei X, Pan T, Du Y, Mu B, Gong H, Liu W, Ur-Rehman S, Pan K, Chen Z. Ameliorating Effects of TRIM67 against Intestinal Inflammation and Barrier Dysfunction Induced by High Fat Diet in Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7650. [PMID: 35887011 PMCID: PMC9317707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite Motif 67 (TRIM67) is an important member of TRIM family proteins, which participates in different cellular processes including immune response, proliferation, differentiation, carcinogenesis, and apoptosis. In recent years, a high fat diet (HFD) has remained one of the main causes of different metabolic diseases and increases in intestinal permeability as well as inducing intestinal inflammation. The current study investigated the protective effects of TRIM67 in the ileum and colon of obese mice. 4-week-old wild-type (WT) C57BL/6N mice and TRIM67 knockout (KO) C57BL/6N mice were selected and randomly divided into four sub-groups, which were fed with control diet (CTR) or HFD for 14 weeks. Samples were collected at the age of 18 weeks for analysis. To construct an in vitro obesity model, over-expressed IPEC-J2 cells (porcine intestinal cells) with Myc-TRIM67 were stimulated with palmitic acid (PA), and its effects on the expression level of TRM67, inflammatory cytokines, and barrier function were evaluated. The KO mice showed pathological lesions in the ileum and colon and this effect was more obvious in KO mice fed with HFD. In addition, KO mice fed with a HFD or CTR diet had increased intestinal inflammation, intestinal permeability, and oxidative stress compared to that WT mice fed with these diets, respectively. Moreover, IPEC-J2 cells were transfected with TRIM67 plasmid to perform the same experiments after stimulation with PA, and the results were found consistent with the in vivo evaluations. Taken together, our study proved for the first time that HFD and TRIM67 KO mice have synergistic damaging effects on the intestine, while TRIM67 plays an important protective role in HFD-induced intestinal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Asad Jahangir
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Junbo He
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Yu Xia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Lanlan Jia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Ting Pan
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Yanni Du
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Bin Mu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Huan Gong
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Saif Ur-Rehman
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, FV&AS, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan;
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.L.); (A.J.); (J.H.); (Y.X.); (L.J.); (X.W.); (T.P.); (Y.D.); (B.M.); (H.G.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
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Stormo AE, Shavarebi F, FitzGibbon M, Earley EM, Ahrendt H, Lum LS, Verschueren E, Swaney DL, Skibinski G, Ravisankar A, van Haren J, Davis EJ, Johnson JR, Von Dollen J, Balen C, Porath J, Crosio C, Mirescu C, Iaccarino C, Dauer WT, Nichols RJ, Wittmann T, Cox TC, Finkbeiner S, Krogan NJ, Oakes SA, Hiniker A. The E3 ligase TRIM1 ubiquitinates LRRK2 and controls its localization, degradation, and toxicity. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202010065. [PMID: 35266954 PMCID: PMC8919618 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD); however, pathways regulating LRRK2 subcellular localization, function, and turnover are not fully defined. We performed quantitative mass spectrometry-based interactome studies to identify 48 novel LRRK2 interactors, including the microtubule-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM1 (tripartite motif family 1). TRIM1 recruits LRRK2 to the microtubule cytoskeleton for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation by binding LRRK2911-919, a nine amino acid segment within a flexible interdomain region (LRRK2853-981), which we designate the "regulatory loop" (RL). Phosphorylation of LRRK2 Ser910/Ser935 within LRRK2 RL influences LRRK2's association with cytoplasmic 14-3-3 versus microtubule-bound TRIM1. Association with TRIM1 modulates LRRK2's interaction with Rab29 and prevents upregulation of LRRK2 kinase activity by Rab29 in an E3-ligase-dependent manner. Finally, TRIM1 rescues neurite outgrowth deficits caused by PD-driving mutant LRRK2 G2019S. Our data suggest that TRIM1 is a critical regulator of LRRK2, controlling its degradation, localization, binding partners, kinase activity, and cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne E.D. Stormo
- Departments of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Farbod Shavarebi
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Molly FitzGibbon
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Elizabeth M. Earley
- Departments of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hannah Ahrendt
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Lotus S. Lum
- Departments of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Erik Verschueren
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Danielle L. Swaney
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Gaia Skibinski
- Taube/Koret Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
| | - Abinaya Ravisankar
- Taube/Koret Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jeffrey van Haren
- Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emily J. Davis
- Departments of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jeffrey R. Johnson
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - John Von Dollen
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Carson Balen
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Jacob Porath
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Claudia Crosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - William T. Dauer
- Departments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Torsten Wittmann
- Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
- School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | - Steve Finkbeiner
- Departments of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Departments of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Taube/Koret Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nevan J. Krogan
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
| | - Scott A. Oakes
- Departments of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Annie Hiniker
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
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20
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Feng H, Yi R, Wu S, Wang G, Sun R, Lin L, Zhu S, Nie Z, He Y, Wang S, Wang P, Shu J, Wu L. KAP1 Positively Modulates Influenza A Virus Replication by Interacting with PB2 and NS1 Proteins in Human Lung Epithelial Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040689. [PMID: 35458419 PMCID: PMC9025026 DOI: 10.3390/v14040689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus only encodes a dozen of viral proteins, which need to use host machinery to complete the viral life cycle. Previously, KAP1 was identified as one host protein that potentially interacts with influenza viral proteins in HEK 293 cells. However, the role of KAP1 in influenza virus replication in human lung alveolar epithelial cells and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we first generated KAP1 KO A549 cells by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. KAP1 deletion had no significant effect on the cell viability and lack of KAP1 expression significantly reduced the influenza A virus replication. Moreover, we demonstrated that KAP1 is involved in the influenza virus entry, transcription/replication of viral genome, and viral protein synthesis in human lung epithelial cells and confirmed that KAP1 interacted with PB2 and NS1 viral proteins during the virus infection. Further study showed that KAP1 inhibited the production of type I IFN and overexpression of KAP1 significantly reduced the IFN-β production. In addition, influenza virus infection induces the deSUMOylation and enhanced phosphorylation of KAP1. Our results suggested that KAP1 is required for the replication of influenza A virus and mediates the replication of influenza A virus by facilitating viral infectivity and synthesis of viral proteins, enhancing viral polymerase activity, and inhibiting the type I IFN production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Feng
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (J.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Ruonan Yi
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Shixiang Wu
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Genzhu Wang
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Ruolin Sun
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Liming Lin
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Shunfan Zhu
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Zhenyu Nie
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Siquan Wang
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Jianhong Shu
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (S.W.); (G.W.); (R.S.); (L.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.N.); (Y.H.); (S.W.); (P.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (J.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (J.S.); (L.W.)
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21
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Roy M, Singh K, Shinde A, Singh J, Mane M, Bedekar S, Tailor Y, Gohel D, Vasiyani H, Currim F, Singh R. TNF-α-induced E3 ligase, TRIM15 inhibits TNF-α-regulated NF-κB pathway by promoting turnover of K63 linked ubiquitination of TAK1. Cell Signal 2021; 91:110210. [PMID: 34871740 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin E3-ligases are recruited at different steps of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation; however, their role in temporal regulation of the pathway remains elusive. The study systematically identified TRIMs as potential feedback regulators of the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway. We further observed that TRIM15 is "late" response TNF-α-induced gene and inhibits the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway in several human cell lines. TRIM15 promotes turnover of K63-linked ubiquitin chains in a PRY/SPRY domain-dependent manner. TRIM15 interacts with TAK1 and inhibits its K63-linked ubiquitination, thus NF-κB activity. Further, TRIM15 interacts with TRIM8 and inhibits cytosolic translocation to antagonize TRIM8 modualted NF-κB. TRIM8 and TRIM15 also show functionally inverse correlation in psoriasis condition. In conclusion, TRIM15 is TNF-α-induced late response gene and inhibits TNF-α induced NF-κB pathway hence a feedback modulator to keep the proinflammatory NF-κB pathway under control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Kritarth Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Anjali Shinde
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Minal Mane
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Sawani Bedekar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Yamini Tailor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Dhruv Gohel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Hitesh Vasiyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Fatema Currim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India.
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22
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Shen J, Wu Q, Liang T, Zhang J, Bai J, Yuan M, Shen P. TRIM40 inhibits IgA1-induced proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells by inactivating NLRP3 inflammasome through ubiquitination. Mol Immunol 2021; 140:225-232. [PMID: 34763147 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy, as the most common type of glomerulonephritis, causes chronic renal disease and progresses into kidney failure. Aberrant IgA deposition in the glomerular mesangium induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation for massive local inflammation, and is recognized as the primary pathogenesis in IgA nephropathy. Tripartite motif (TRIM)-containing proteins are E3 ubiquitin ligases that possess crucial regulatory functions in innate immunity, but their functional roles in IgA nephropathy are still unclear. Here, we aimed to identify TRIM-containing proteins that regulate IgA nephropathy and their underlying mechanisms. An in vitro IgA1-induction model was established in glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) and showed that IgA1 could promote GMC proliferation by activating NLRP3 inflammasome. TRIM40, which was downregulated by IgA1 and interacted with NLRP3, was recognized as a promising candidate. In addition, TRIM40 could suppress IgA1-induced GMC proliferation by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Based on coimmunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays, we confirmed that TRIM40 could mediate the ubiquitination of NLRP3, which explained its regulatory effects on NLRP3 inflammasome and GMC proliferation. More importantly, a dominant-negative mutant of TRIM40 lacking the RING domain (ΔRING) did not affect NLRP3 ubiquitination, and had no effects on IgA1-induced GMC proliferation or NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This study revealed the biological functions of TRIM40 in IgA nephropathy, facilitating its application as therapeutic target for IgA nephropathy and other NLRP3 inflammasome-relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; TCM Institute of Kidney Disease, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Tingyu Liang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jiayuan Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Meijie Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Peicheng Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; TCM Institute of Kidney Disease, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine (20DZ2272200), China.
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23
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Jones EL, Laidlaw SM, Dustin LB. TRIM21/Ro52 - Roles in Innate Immunity and Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738473. [PMID: 34552597 PMCID: PMC8450407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM21 (Ro52/SSA1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with key roles in immune host defence, signal transduction, and possibly cell cycle regulation. It is also an autoantibody target in Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other rheumatic autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarise the structure and function of this enzyme, its roles in innate immunity, adaptive immunity and cellular homeostasis, the pathogenesis of autoimmunity against TRIM21, and the potential impacts of autoantibodies to this intracellular protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther L Jones
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Laidlaw
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn B Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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24
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Roy M, Singh R. TRIMs: selective recruitment at different steps of the NF-κB pathway-determinant of activation or resolution of inflammation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6069-6086. [PMID: 34283248 PMCID: PMC11072854 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway is an essential component of innate and adaptive immune pathway, and it is tightly regulated by various post-translational modifications including ubiquitination. Oscillations in NF-κB activation and temporal gene expression are emerging as critical determinants of inflammatory response, however, the regulators of unique outcomes in different patho-physiological conditions are not well understood. Tripartite Motif-containing proteins (TRIMs) are RING domain-containing E3 ligases involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis, metabolism, cell death, inflammation, and host defence. Emerging reports suggest that TRIMs are recruited at different steps of TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway and modulate via their E3 ligase activity. TRIMs show synergy and antagonism in the regulation of the NF-κB pathway and also regulate it in a feedback manner. TRIMs also regulate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) mediated inflammatory pathways and may have evolved to directly regulate a specific arm of immune signalling. The review emphasizes TRIM-mediated ubiquitination and modulation of TNF-α-regulated temporal and NF-κB signaling and its possible impact on unique transcriptional and functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
- Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, MRB 731, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
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25
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Li C, Ou R, Hou Y, Chen Y, Gu X, Wei Q, Cao B, Zhang L, Liu K, Chen X, Song W, Zhao B, Wu Y, Shang H. Genetic analysis of TRIM family genes for early-onset Parkinson's disease in Chinese population. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 90:105-113. [PMID: 34419804 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amounting evidence has suggested the Tripartite Motif (TRIM) family proteins as related to Parkinson's disease (PD). However, many of the risk genes were still awaiting further explorations, and their genetic role in PD has not been investigated yet. METHODS Here, we aimed to systematically evaluate the genetic associations of TRIMs with PD in a large Chinese early-onset PD (EOPD, age at onset < 50 years) cohort. We identified rare variants (minor allele frequency < 0.01) in 743 unrelated EOPD patients using whole exome sequencing, and evaluated the association between rare variants and EOPD at allele and gene levels. RESULTS Totally 123 rare variants were identified in 13 TRIM protein family members, including TRIM3, TRIM6, TRIM8, TRIM9, TRIM10, TRIM11, TRIM17, TRIM24, TRIM27, TRIM28, TRIM34, TRIM40 and TRIM41. At the allele level, three variants were nominally associated with PD, namely p.R65H in TRIM10, p.P467S in TRIM11, and p.I425V in TRIM24. Gene-based burden analysis showed a clear enrichment of rare variants of TRIM24 in EOPD. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate TRIM24 as a potential risk gene for PD, provide a better understanding for the genetic involvement of TRIM protein family members in EOPD and broaden the current mutation spectrum of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunYu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - RuWei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - YanBing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - YongPing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - XiaoJing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - QianQian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - LingYu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - KunCheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - XuePing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - HuiFang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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26
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Luckett-Chastain LR, King CJ, McShan WM, Gipson JR, Gillaspy AF, Gallucci RM. Loss of Interleukin-6 Influences Transcriptional Immune Signatures and Alters Bacterial Colonization in the Skin. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:658980. [PMID: 34295313 PMCID: PMC8290525 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin functions as a protective barrier to inhibit the entry of foreign pathogens, all the while hosting a diverse milieu of microorganisms. Over time, skin cells, immune cells, cytokines, and microbes interact to integrate the processes of maintaining the skin's physical and immune barrier. In the present study, the basal expression of two immunologically divergent mouse strains C57BL/6 and BALB/c, as well as a strain on the C57 background lacking IL-6, was characterized. Additionally, cutaneous antimicrobial gene expression profiles and skin bacterial microbiome were assessed between strains. Total RNA sequencing was performed on untreated C57BL/6 (control), BALB/c, and IL-6-deficient skin samples and found over 3,400 genes differentially modulated between strains. It was found that each strain modulated its own transcriptional "profile" associated with skin homeostasis and also influenced the overall bacterial colonization as indicated by the differential phyla present on each strain. Together, these data not only provide a comprehensive view of the transcriptional changes in homeostatic skin of different mouse strains but also highlight the possible influence of the strain differences (e.g., Th1/Th2 balance) as well as a role for IL-6 in overall skin immunity and resident microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerin R. Luckett-Chastain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Catherine J. King
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - William M. McShan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jenny R. Gipson
- College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Allison F. Gillaspy
- College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Randle M. Gallucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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Nenasheva VV, Nikitenko NA, Stepanenko EA, Makarova IV, Andreeva LE, Kovaleva GV, Lysenko AA, Tukhvatulin AI, Logunov DY, Tarantul VZ. Human TRIM14 protects transgenic mice from influenza A viral infection without activation of other innate immunity pathways. Genes Immun 2021; 22:56-63. [PMID: 33864033 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-021-00128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
TRIM14 is an important component of innate immunity that defends organism from various viruses. It was shown that TRIM14 restricted influenza A virus (IAV) infection in cell cultures in an interferon-independent manner. However, it remained unclear whether TRIM14 affects IAV reproduction and immune system responses upon IAV infection in vivo. In order to investigate the effects of TRIM14 at the organismal level we generated transgenic mice overexpressing human TRIM14 gene. We found that IAV reproduction was strongly inhibited in lungs of transgenic mice, resulting in the increased survival of transgenic animals. Strikingly, upon IAV infection, the transcription of genes encoding interferons, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα was notably weaker in lungs of transgenic animals than that in control mice, thus indicating the absence of significant induction of interferon and inflammatory responses. In spleen of transgenic mice, where TRIM14 was unexpectedly downregulated, upon IAV infection the transcription of genes encoding interferons was oppositely increased. Therefore, we demonstrated the key role of TRIM14 in anti-IAV protection in the model organism that is realized without noticeable activation of other innate immune system pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina V Nenasheva
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia.
| | - Natalia A Nikitenko
- Department of Medical Microbiology, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Stepanenko
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V Makarova
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyudmila E Andreeva
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina V Kovaleva
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A Lysenko
- Department of Medical Microbiology, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Amir I Tukhvatulin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Y Logunov
- Department of Medical Microbiology, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Z Tarantul
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
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Chelbi-Alix MK, Thibault P. Crosstalk Between SUMO and Ubiquitin-Like Proteins: Implication for Antiviral Defense. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671067. [PMID: 33968942 PMCID: PMC8097047 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) is a crucial first line of defense against viral infection. This cytokine induces the expression of several IFN-Stimulated Genes (ISGs), some of which act as restriction factors. Upon IFN stimulation, cells also express ISG15 and SUMO, two key ubiquitin-like (Ubl) modifiers that play important roles in the antiviral response. IFN itself increases the global cellular SUMOylation in a PML-dependent manner. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics enables the large-scale identification of Ubl protein conjugates to determine the sites of modification and the quantitative changes in protein abundance. Importantly, a key difference amongst SUMO paralogs is the ability of SUMO2/3 to form poly-SUMO chains that recruit SUMO ubiquitin ligases such RING finger protein RNF4 and RNF111, thus resulting in the proteasomal degradation of conjugated substrates. Crosstalk between poly-SUMOylation and ISG15 has been reported recently, where increased poly-SUMOylation in response to IFN enhances IFN-induced ISGylation, stabilizes several ISG products in a TRIM25-dependent fashion, and results in enhanced IFN-induced antiviral activities. This contribution will highlight the relevance of the global SUMO proteome and the crosstalk between SUMO, ubiquitin and ISG15 in controlling both the stability and function of specific restriction factors that mediate IFN antiviral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Budroni V, Versteeg GA. Negative Regulation of the Innate Immune Response through Proteasomal Degradation and Deubiquitination. Viruses 2021; 13:584. [PMID: 33808506 PMCID: PMC8066222 DOI: 10.3390/v13040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and dynamic activation of the innate immune system is achieved through complex signaling networks regulated by post-translational modifications modulating the subcellular localization, activity, and abundance of signaling molecules. Many constitutively expressed signaling molecules are present in the cell in inactive forms, and become functionally activated once they are modified with ubiquitin, and, in turn, inactivated by removal of the same post-translational mark. Moreover, upon infection resolution a rapid remodeling of the proteome needs to occur, ensuring the removal of induced response proteins to prevent hyperactivation. This review discusses the current knowledge on the negative regulation of innate immune signaling pathways by deubiquitinating enzymes, and through degradative ubiquitination. It focusses on spatiotemporal regulation of deubiquitinase and E3 ligase activities, mechanisms for re-establishing proteostasis, and degradation through immune-specific feedback mechanisms vs. general protein quality control pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gijs A. Versteeg
- Max Perutz Labs, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria;
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30
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TRIM27 Functions as a Novel Oncogene in Non-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Blocking Cellular Senescence through p21 Ubiquitination. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:910-923. [PMID: 33251042 PMCID: PMC7666371 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we aimed to explore the correlation between TRIM27 and breast cancer prognosis, as well as the functions of TRIM27 in breast cancer and their underlying mechanisms. Bioinformatics analyses were used to examine the correlation between TRIM27 and breast cancer prognosis. Moreover, TRIM27 knockdown and overexpression in breast cancer cells were performed to investigate its functions in breast cancer. Tamoxifen (TAM) was applied to evaluate the influence of TRIM27 on chemoresistance of breast cancer cells, while co-immunoprecipitation (coIP) was performed to identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase capability of TRIM27. High expression of TRIM27 was found in non-triple-negative breast cancer (non-TNBC) tumor tissues and was positively correlated with the mortality of non-TNBC patients. Moreover, TRIM27 could suppress non-TNBC cell apoptosis and senescence, promote cell viability and tumor growth, counteract the anti-cancer effects of TAM, and mediate ubiquitination of p21. In addition, EP300 could enhance the expression of TRIM27 and its transcription promoter H3K27ac. TRIM27, through ubiquitination of p21, might serve as a prognostic biomarker for non-TNBC prognosis. TRIM27 functions as a novel oncogene in non-TNBC cellular processes, especially suppressing cell senescence and interfering with non-TNBC chemoresistance.
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31
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Chelkha N, Levasseur A, La Scola B, Colson P. Host-virus interactions and defense mechanisms for giant viruses. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1486:39-57. [PMID: 33090482 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Giant viruses, with virions larger than 200 nm and genomes larger than 340 kilobase pairs, modified the now outdated perception of the virosphere. With virions now reported reaching up to 1.5 μm in size and genomes of up to 2.5 Mb encoding components shared with cellular life forms, giant viruses exhibit a complexity similar to microbes, such as bacteria and archaea. Here, we review interactions of giant viruses with their hosts and defense strategies of giant viruses against their hosts and coinfecting microorganisms or virophages. We also searched by comparative genomics for homologies with proteins described or suspected to be involved in defense mechanisms. Our search reveals that natural immunity and apoptosis seem to be crucial components of the host defense against giant virus infection. Conversely, giant viruses possess methods of hijacking host functions to counteract cellular antiviral responses. In addition, giant viruses may encode other unique and complex pathways to manipulate the host machinery and eliminate other competing microorganisms. Notably, giant viruses have evolved defense mechanisms against their virophages and they might trigger defense systems against other viruses through sequence integration. We anticipate that comparative genomics may help identifying genes involved in defense strategies of both giant viruses and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisrine Chelkha
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Colson
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are a large group of E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in different cellular functions. Of special interest are their roles in innate immunity, inflammation, and virus replication. We discuss novel roles of TRIM proteins during virus infections that lead to increased pathogenicity. Recent Findings TRIM proteins regulate different antiviral and inflammatory signaling pathways, mostly by promoting ubiquitination of important factors including pattern recognition receptors, adaptor proteins, kinases, and transcription factors that are involved in type I interferon and NF-κB pathways. Therefore, viruses have developed mechanisms to target TRIMs for immune evasion. New evidence is emerging indicating that viruses have the ability to directly use TRIMs and the ubiquitination process to enhance the viral replication cycle and cause increased pathogenesis. A new report on TRIM7 also highlights the potential pro-viral role of TRIMs via ubiquitination of viral proteins and suggests a novel mechanism by which ubiquitination of virus envelope protein may provide determinants of tissue and species tropism. Summary TRIM proteins have important functions in promoting host defense against virus infection; however, viruses have adapted to evade TRIM-mediated immune responses and can hijack TRIMs to ultimately increase virus pathogenesis. Only by understanding specific TRIM-virus interactions and by using more in vivo approaches can we learn how to harness TRIM function to develop therapeutic approaches to reduce virus pathogenesis.
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33
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Sermersheim M, Kenney AD, Lin PH, McMichael TM, Cai C, Gumpper K, Adesanya TMA, Li H, Zhou X, Park KH, Yount JS, Ma J. MG53 suppresses interferon-β and inflammation via regulation of ryanodine receptor-mediated intracellular calcium signaling. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3624. [PMID: 32681036 PMCID: PMC7368064 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
TRIM family proteins play integral roles in the innate immune response to virus infection. MG53 (TRIM72) is essential for cell membrane repair and is believed to be a muscle-specific TRIM protein. Here we show human macrophages express MG53, and MG53 protein expression is reduced following virus infection. Knockdown of MG53 in macrophages leads to increases in type I interferon (IFN) upon infection. MG53 knockout mice infected with influenza virus show comparable influenza virus titres to wild type mice, but display increased morbidity accompanied by more accumulation of CD45+ cells and elevation of IFNβ in the lung. We find that MG53 knockdown results in activation of NFκB signalling, which is linked to an increase in intracellular calcium oscillation mediated by ryanodine receptor (RyR). MG53 inhibits IFNβ induction in an RyR-dependent manner. This study establishes MG53 as a new target for control of virus-induced morbidity and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Sermersheim
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adam D Kenney
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Temet M McMichael
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristyn Gumpper
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T M Ayodele Adesanya
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haichang Li
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ki-Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jacob S Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Hage A, Rajsbaum R. To TRIM or not to TRIM: the balance of host-virus interactions mediated by the ubiquitin system. J Gen Virol 2020; 100:1641-1662. [PMID: 31661051 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system responds rapidly to protect against viral infections, but an overactive response can cause harmful damage. To avoid this, the response is tightly regulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs). The ubiquitin system represents a powerful PTM machinery that allows for the reversible linkage of ubiquitin to activate and deactivate a target's function. A precise enzymatic cascade of ubiquitin-activating, conjugating and ligating enzymes facilitates ubiquitination. Viruses have evolved to take advantage of the ubiquitin pathway either by targeting factors to dampen the antiviral response or by hijacking the system to enhance their replication. The tripartite motif (TRIM) family of E3 ubiquitin ligases has garnered attention as a major contributor to innate immunity. Many TRIM family members limit viruses either indirectly as components in innate immune signalling, or directly by targeting viral proteins for degradation. In spite of this, TRIMs and other ubiquitin ligases can be appropriated by viruses and repurposed as valuable tools in viral replication. This duality of function suggests a new frontier of research for TRIMs and raises new challenges for discerning the subtleties of these pro-viral mechanisms. Here, we review current findings regarding the involvement of TRIMs in host-virus interactions. We examine ongoing developments in the field, including novel roles for unanchored ubiquitin in innate immunity, the direct involvement of ubiquitin ligases in promoting viral replication, recent controversies on the role of ubiquitin and TRIM25 in activation of the pattern recognition receptor RIG-I, and we discuss the implications these studies have on future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hage
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ricardo Rajsbaum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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35
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An X, Ji B, Sun D. TRIM34 localizes to the mitochondria and mediates apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in HEK293T cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03115. [PMID: 31956709 PMCID: PMC6956761 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif 34 (TRIM34) is a member of TRIM family that can be highly induced by type I Interferon. Currently little is known about the subcellular localization and biological function of TRIM34. In the present study, confocal microscope assay showed that TRIM34 proteins were mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and part of TRIM34 proteins were localized to the mitochondria in human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells. Western blot results demonstrated FLAG-TRIM34 could also be identified in the mitochondrial fractions of HEK293T cells transfected with the 5'FLAG-pcDNA3.1-TRIM34 vector. The CCK-8 assay further demonstrated that TRIM34 significantly decreased the viability of HEK293T cells. Nevertheless, TRIM34 had no apparent effect on the cell cycle distribution. Interestingly, flow cytometry showed that TRIM34 could obviously induce apoptosis in HEK293T cells. Moreover, we discovered that TRIM34 promoted apoptosis by inducing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in HEK293T cells, leading to the release of cytochrome c from mitochondia. In short, these results demonstrate that TRIM34 proteins can localize to the mitochondria and induce apoptosis via the depolarization of MMP in HEK293T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye An
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Bing Ji
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Dakang Sun
- Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China
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36
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Yang W, Gu Z, Zhang H, Hu H. To TRIM the Immunity: From Innate to Adaptive Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:02157. [PMID: 33117334 PMCID: PMC7578260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have been intensively studied as essential modulators in various biological processes, especially in regulating a wide range of signaling pathways involved in immune responses. Most TRIM proteins have E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, mediating polyubiquitination of target proteins. Emerging evidence demonstrates that TRIM proteins play important roles in innate immunity by regulating pattern recognition receptors, vital adaptor proteins, kinases, and transcription factors in innate immune signaling pathways. Additionally, the critical roles of TRIM proteins in adaptive immunity, especially in T cell development and activation, are increasingly appreciated. In this review, we aim to summarize the studies on TRIMs in both innate and adaptive immunity, focusing on their E3 ubiquitin ligase functions in pattern recognition receptor signaling pathways and T cell functions, shedding light on the developing new strategies for modulating innate and adaptive immune responses against invading pathogens and avoiding autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongbo Hu
- *Correspondence: Huiyuan Zhang, ; Hongbo Hu,
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37
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TRIM34 facilitates the formation of multinucleated giant cells by enhancing cell fusion and phagocytosis in epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111594. [PMID: 31487507 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Persistent microbial infection promotes the fusion of several kinds of somatic cells, such as macrophages and endothelial cells, leading to the formation of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs). However, the molecular mechanisms of MGCs formation are still poorly understood. By laser confocal microscope, we discovered that TRIM34 increased the efficiency of cell fusion in Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK293T). By means of DiD cell membrane probes, LysoTracker Deep Red or MitoTracker Deep Red staining, we also demonstrated that TRIM34 stimulated cell fusion in paraformaldehyde fixed or living HEK293T cells. Moreover, we discovered that the nuclei shapes of MGCs induced by TRIM34 were diversiform, such as horseshoe shape, ring like shape etc. Through 3D reconstruction of confocal z-stacks images, we found that TRIM34-EGFP proteins could form macromolecule aggregates in the central area of MGCs, while the nuclei were arranged in ring like shape and distributed around the plasma membrane. Cell fusion assay showed that cocultured TRIM34-EGFP+ cells and TRIM34-DsRed1+ cells could fuse to form MGCs. We speculate that the formation of MGCs can be divided into two phase: primary multinucleated cells (PMCs) and secondary multinucleated cells (SMCs). Firstly, TRIM34 induced fusion of multiple adjacent cells resulting in PMCs formation, and then PMCs were endowed with the capacity of phagocytosis and turned into SMCs. Collectively, these results suggest that TRIM34 proteins contribute to the formation of MGCs by promoting cell fusion and phagocytosis in epithelial cells.
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38
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Maarifi G, Smith N, Maillet S, Moncorgé O, Chamontin C, Edouard J, Sohm F, Blanchet FP, Herbeuval JP, Lutfalla G, Levraud JP, Arhel NJ, Nisole S. TRIM8 is required for virus-induced IFN response in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax3511. [PMID: 31799391 PMCID: PMC6867881 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a crucial role in antiviral innate immunity through their unique capacity to produce large amounts of type I interferons (IFNs) upon viral detection. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have recently come forth as important modulators of innate signaling, but their involvement in pDCs has not been investigated. Here, we performed a rationally streamlined small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based screen of TRIM proteins in human primary pDCs to identify those that are critical for the IFN response. Among candidate hits, TRIM8 emerged as an essential regulator of IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) function. Mechanistically, TRIM8 protects phosphorylated IRF7 (pIRF7) from proteasomal degradation in an E3 ubiquitin ligase-independent manner by preventing its recognition by the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1. Our findings uncover a previously unknown regulatory mechanism of type I IFN production in pDCs by which TRIM8 and Pin1 oppositely regulate the stability of pIRF7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikaïa Smith
- CBMIT, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sarah Maillet
- IRIM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Joanne Edouard
- AMAGEN, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Sohm
- AMAGEN, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Levraud
- Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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39
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Characterization of porcine tripartite motif genes as host restriction factors against PRRSV and PEDV infection. Virus Res 2019; 270:197647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Interplay between Intrinsic and Innate Immunity during HIV Infection. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080922. [PMID: 31426525 PMCID: PMC6721663 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Restriction factors are antiviral components of intrinsic immunity which constitute a first line of defense by blocking different steps of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication cycle. In immune cells, HIV infection is also sensed by several pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to type I interferon (IFN-I) and inflammatory cytokines production that upregulate antiviral interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Several studies suggest a link between these two types of immunity. Indeed, restriction factors, that are generally interferon-inducible, are able to modulate immune responses. This review highlights recent knowledge of the interplay between restriction factors and immunity inducing antiviral defenses. Counteraction of this intrinsic and innate immunity by HIV viral proteins will also be discussed.
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41
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Cui J, Xu X, Li Y, Hu X, Xie Y, Tan J, Qiao W. TRIM14 expression is regulated by IRF-1 and IRF-2. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1413-1420. [PMID: 31150153 PMCID: PMC6668374 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif‐containing 14 (TRIM14) is a mitochondrial adaptor that promotes innate immune signaling and plays important roles in antiviral defense. Expression of TRIM14 is induced by interferon (IFN)‐I. However, the mechanism by which IFN‐I induces TRIM14 production is not yet determined. In this study, we have examined the function of TRIM14 promoter and found that a GC box and an IFN‐stimulated response element (ISRE) are necessary for the basal level transcription of TRIM14. We further observed that IFN‐I activates the TRIM14 promoter through the ISRE. In particular, interferon regulatory factor (IRF)‐1 and IRF‐2 bind to the TRIM14 promoter and activate transcription of TRIM14. Moreover, knockdown of IRF‐1 reduces the stimulation of TRIM14 transcription by IFN‐α, suggesting that IRF‐1 is involved in the activation of TRIM14 by IFN‐I. IRF‐2 has little effect on IFN‐α‐induced TRIM14 transcription but is essential for the basal transcription of TRIM14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingpeng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Wu M, Dan C, Gui JF, Zhang YB. Fish species-specific TRIM gene FTRCA1 negatively regulates interferon response through attenuating IRF7 transcription. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:180-187. [PMID: 31048035 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In mammals and fish, emerging evidence highlights that TRIM family members play important roles in the interferon (IFN) antiviral immune response. Fish TRIM family has undergone an unprecedented expansion leading to generation of finTRIM subfamily, which is exclusively specific to fish. Our recent results have shown that FTRCA1 (finTRIM C. auratus 1) is likely a fish species-specific finTRIM member in crucian carp C. auratus and acts as a negative modulator to downregulate fish IFN response by autophage-lysosomal degradation of protein kinase TBK1. In the present study, we found that FTRCA1 also impedes the activation of crucian carp IFN promoter by IRF7 but not by IRF3. Mechanistically, FTRCA1 attenuates IRF7 transcription levels likely due to enhanced decay of IRF7 mRNA, leading to reduced IRF7 protein levels and subsequently reduced fish IFN expression. E3 ligase activity is required for FTRCA1 to negatively regulate IRF7-mediated IFN response, because ligase-inactive mutants and the RING-deleted mutant of FTRCA1 lose the ability to block the activation of crucian carp IFN promoter by IRF7. These results together indicate that FTRCA1 is a multifaceted modulator to target different signaling factors for shaping fish IFN response in crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Cheng Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China; The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yi-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China; The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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43
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Hacker K, Benke S, Agerer B, Scinicariello S, Budroni V, Versteeg GA. A repetitive acidic region contributes to the extremely rapid degradation of the cell-context essential protein TRIM52. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7901. [PMID: 31133683 PMCID: PMC6536530 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif protein 52 (TRIM52) is a non-canonical TRIM family member harbouring the largest RING domain encoded in the human genome. In humans TRIM52 is conserved and has been under positive selection pressure, yet it has been lost in many non-primates. Competitive cell fitness assays demonstrated that TRIM52 ablation reduces cellular fitness in multiple different cell types. To better understand how this cell-essential factor is controlled, we investigated how expression of this non-canonical protein is regulated. Here, we show that TRIM52 mRNA is constitutively expressed from an intergenic region preceding the TRIM52 gene. Yet, TRIM52 protein is rapidly turned-over by the proteasome with a 3.5-minute half-life, one of the shortest in the human proteome. Consistent with this extremely rapid degradation rate, all three TRIM52 domains were identified to contribute to its instability. Intriguingly, a repetitive acidic loop in the RING domain was identified as one of the main destabilizing regions, which was unexpected given the prevailing notion that these sequences are poor proteasome substrates. This work indicates that the effect of such repetitive acidic regions on proteasomal degradation depends on the protein context, and it identifies TRIM52 as an attractive model protein to study what these contextual properties are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Hacker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Benke
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Agerer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14 AKH BT25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sara Scinicariello
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valentina Budroni
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gijs A Versteeg
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
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44
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Chu P, He L, Yang C, Li Y, Huang R, Liao L, Li Y, Zhu Z, Wang Y. Characterisation and function of TRIM23 in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:627-635. [PMID: 30890433 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are key components of the innate immune system, functioning as antiviral restriction factors or modulating signaling cascades that lead to proinflammatory cytokine induction. In the present study, the TRIM family gene TRIM23 from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was cloned and characterised. TRIM23 was moderately expressed in the examined tissues, and the significantly altered expression was observed after grass carp reovirus (GCRV) and poly(I:C) infection. Dual-luciferase activity assay showed that TRIM23, especially its C-terminal domain ARF, depressed the promoter activity of IRF3 and IRF7. The subcellular localisation showed that TRIM23 protein was located in the cytoplasm and could be recruited by both TRAF6 and MyD88. Furthermore, TRIM23 was confirmed to interact with either TRAF6 or MyD88 by the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) system in CIK cells. Additionally, autophagy was enhanced by over-expressed TRIM23 in 293T cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TRIM23 gene plays an important role in innate immune regulation and provide new insights into understanding the functional characteristics of the TRIM23 in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Libo He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lanjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yongming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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45
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Colomer-Lluch M, Ruiz A, Moris A, Prado JG. Restriction Factors: From Intrinsic Viral Restriction to Shaping Cellular Immunity Against HIV-1. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2876. [PMID: 30574147 PMCID: PMC6291751 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiviral restriction factors are host cellular proteins that constitute a first line of defense blocking viral replication and propagation. In addition to interfering at critical steps of the viral replication cycle, some restriction factors also act as innate sensors triggering innate responses against infections. Accumulating evidence suggests an additional role for restriction factors in promoting antiviral cellular immunity to combat viruses. Here, we review the recent progress in our understanding on how restriction factors, particularly APOBEC3G, SAMHD1, Tetherin, and TRIM5α have the cell-autonomous potential to induce cellular resistance against HIV-1 while promoting antiviral innate and adaptive immune responses. Also, we provide an overview of how these restriction factors may connect with protein degradation pathways to modulate anti-HIV-1 cellular immune responses, and we summarize the potential of restriction factors-based therapeutics. This review brings a global perspective on the influence of restrictions factors in intrinsic, innate, and also adaptive antiviral immunity opening up novel research avenues for therapeutic strategies in the fields of drug discovery, gene therapy, and vaccines to control viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Colomer-Lluch
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Alba Ruiz
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Arnaud Moris
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Julia G Prado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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46
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Zhou G, Wu W, Yu L, Yu T, Yang W, Wang P, Zhang X, Cong Y, Liu Z. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) 21 negatively regulates intestinal mucosal inflammation through inhibiting TH1/TH17 cell differentiation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1218-1228.e12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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47
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TRIM21 Promotes Innate Immune Response to RNA Viral Infection through Lys27-Linked Polyubiquitination of MAVS. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00321-18. [PMID: 29743353 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00321-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human innate immunity responds to viral infection by activating the production of interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. The mitochondrial adaptor molecule MAVS plays a critical role in innate immune response to viral infection. In this study, we show that TRIM21 (tripartite motif-containing protein 21) interacts with MAVS to positively regulate innate immunity. Under viral infection, TRIM21 is upregulated through the IFN/JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Knockdown of TRIM21 dramatically impairs innate immune response to viral infection. Moreover, TRIM21 interacts with MAVS and catalyzes its K27-linked polyubiquitination, thereby promoting the recruitment of TBK1 to MAVS. Specifically, the PRY-SPRY domain of TRIM21 is the key domain for its interaction with MAVS, while the RING domain of TRIM21 facilitates the polyubiquitination chains of MAVS. In addition, the MAVS-mediated innate immune response is enhanced by both the PRY-SPRY and RING domains of TRIM21. Mutation analyses of all the lysine residues of MAVS further revealed that Lys325 of MAVS is catalyzed by TRIM21 for the K27-linked polyubiquitination. Overall, this study reveals a novel mechanism by which TRIM21 promotes the K27-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS to positively regulate innate immune response, thereby inhibiting viral infection.IMPORTANCE Activation of innate immunity is essential for host cells to restrict the spread of invading viruses and other pathogens. MAVS plays a critical role in innate immune response to RNA viral infection. In this study, we demonstrated that TRIM21 targets MAVS to positively regulate innate immunity. Notably, TRIM21 targets and catalyzes K27-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS and then promotes the recruitment of TBK1 to MAVS, leading to upregulation of innate immunity. Our study outlines a novel mechanism by which the IFN signaling pathway blocks RNA virus to escape immune elimination.
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48
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Gushchina LV, Kwiatkowski TA, Bhattacharya S, Weisleder NL. Conserved structural and functional aspects of the tripartite motif gene family point towards therapeutic applications in multiple diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 185:12-25. [PMID: 29097306 PMCID: PMC5721676 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) gene family is a highly conserved group of E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins that can establish substrate specificity for the ubiquitin-proteasome complex and also have proteasome-independent functions. While several family members were studied previously, it is relatively recent that over 80 genes, based on sequence homology, were grouped to establish the TRIM gene family. Functional studies of various TRIM genes linked these proteins to modulation of inflammatory responses showing that they can contribute to a wide variety of disease states including cardiovascular, neurological and musculoskeletal diseases, as well as various forms of cancer. Given the fundamental role of the ubiquitin-proteasome complex in protein turnover and the importance of this regulation in most aspects of cellular physiology, it is not surprising that TRIM proteins display a wide spectrum of functions in a variety of cellular processes. This broad range of function and the highly conserved primary amino acid sequence of family members, particularly in the canonical TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligase domain, complicates the development of therapeutics that specifically target these proteins. A more comprehensive understanding of the structure and function of TRIM proteins will help guide therapeutic development for a number of different diseases. This review summarizes the structural organization of TRIM proteins, their domain architecture, common and unique post-translational modifications within the family, and potential binding partners and targets. Further discussion is provided on efforts to target TRIM proteins as therapeutic agents and how our increasing understanding of the nature of TRIM proteins can guide discovery of other therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov V Gushchina
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas A Kwiatkowski
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sayak Bhattacharya
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Noah L Weisleder
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Barbieri D, Elvira-Matelot E, Pelinski Y, Genève L, de Laval B, Yogarajah G, Pecquet C, Constantinescu SN, Porteu F. Thrombopoietin protects hematopoietic stem cells from retrotransposon-mediated damage by promoting an antiviral response. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1463-1480. [PMID: 29615469 PMCID: PMC5940259 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Propagation of retrotransposons induces genomic instability. Their roles in HSCs remain poorly studied. Barbieri et al. show that retrotransposon expression and mobilization are involved in long-lasting HSC impairment upon irradiation. These effects are counteracted by the self-renewal cytokine THPO through induction of interferon-like response. Maintenance of genomic integrity is crucial for the preservation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) potential. Retrotransposons, spreading in the genome through an RNA intermediate, have been associated with loss of self-renewal, aging, and DNA damage. However, their role in HSCs has not been addressed. Here, we show that mouse HSCs express various retroelements (REs), including long interspersed element-1 (L1) recent family members that further increase upon irradiation. Using mice expressing an engineered human L1 retrotransposition reporter cassette and reverse transcription inhibitors, we demonstrate that L1 retransposition occurs in vivo and is involved in irradiation-induced persistent γH2AX foci and HSC loss of function. Thus, RE represents an important intrinsic HSC threat. Furthermore, we show that RE activity is restrained by thrombopoietin, a critical HSC maintenance factor, through its ability to promote a potent interferon-like, antiviral gene response in HSCs. This uncovers a novel mechanism allowing HSCs to minimize irradiation-induced injury and reinforces the links between DNA damage, REs, and antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Barbieri
- INSERM UMR1170, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Elvira-Matelot
- INSERM UMR1170, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris, France
| | - Yanis Pelinski
- INSERM UMR1170, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Genève
- INSERM UMR1170, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris, France
| | - Bérengère de Laval
- Centre d'Immunologie Marseille-Luminy, Université Aix-Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1104, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7280
| | - Gayathri Yogarajah
- INSERM UMR1170, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris, France
| | - Christian Pecquet
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium.,SIGN Pole, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan N Constantinescu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium.,SIGN Pole, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Françoise Porteu
- INSERM UMR1170, Villejuif, France .,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris, France
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50
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Kamiyama R, Yoshimi R, Takeno M, Iribe Y, Tsukahara T, Kishimoto D, Kunishita Y, Sugiyama Y, Tsuchida N, Nakano H, Minegishi K, Tamura M, Asami Y, Kirino Y, Ishigatsubo Y, Ozato K, Nakajima H. Dysfunction of TRIM21 in interferon signature of systemic lupus erythematosus. Mod Rheumatol 2018; 28:993-1003. [PMID: 29385873 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1436028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES TRIM21 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase for interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) that are involved in innate and acquired immunity. Here, we evaluated the role of TRIM21 in the interferon (IFN) signature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Twenty SLE patients and 24 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. We analyzed mRNA expression of TRIM21, type I IFN, and IFN-inducible genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). The protein levels of IRFs were assessed by Western blotting in PBMCs cultured with or without MG-132. RESULTS The expression of TRIM21 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in SLE PBMCs as compared to healthy controls. There was a correlation between TRIM21 mRNA expression and SLE activities. In contrast to a negative correlation between mRNA expression level of TRIM21 and those of type I IFNs in healthy controls, we found a positive correlation between them in anti-TRIM21 antibody-positive SLE patients. Neither positive nor negative correlation was observed in the autoantibody-negative SLE patients. Western-blotting analysis revealed impaired ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of IRFs in SLE PBMCs. CONCLUSION Our study showed ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of IRFs was impaired in anti-TRIM21 antibody-dependent and -independent fashions, leading to amplification of IFN signature in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reikou Kamiyama
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Ryusuke Yoshimi
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takeno
- b Department of Allergy and Rheumatology , Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Iribe
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Toshinori Tsukahara
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan.,c Department of Pulmonology , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Daiga Kishimoto
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Yosuke Kunishita
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Yumiko Sugiyama
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Naomi Tsuchida
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Hiroto Nakano
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Kaoru Minegishi
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Maasa Tamura
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Yukiko Asami
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Yohei Kirino
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Keiko Ozato
- d Program in Genomics of Differentiation , NICHD, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- a Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
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