1
|
Purtscher FRS, Hofer TS. Probing the range of applicability of structure- and energy-adjusted QM/MM link bonds III: QM/MM MD simulations of solid-state systems at the example of layered carbon structures. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:2186-2197. [PMID: 38795379 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
The previously introduced workflow to achieve an energetically and structurally optimized description of frontier bonds in quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics (QM/MM)-type applications was extended into the regime of computational material sciences at the example of a layered carbon model systems. Optimized QM/MM link bond parameters at HSEsol/6-311G(d,p) and self-consistent density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) were derived for graphitic systems, enabling detailed investigation of specific structure motifs occurring in graphene-derived structures v i a quantum-chemical calculations. Exemplary molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in the isochoric-isothermic (NVT) ensemble were carried out to study the intercalation of lithium and the properties of the Stone-Thrower-Wales defect. The diffusivity of lithium as well as hydrogen and proton adsorption on a defective graphene surface served as additional example. The results of the QM/MM MD simulations provide detailed insight into the applicability of the employed link-bond strategy when studying intercalation and adsorption properties of graphitic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix R S Purtscher
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas S Hofer
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dar AH, Rahman A, Mondal S, Barman A, Gupta M, Chowdhury PK, Thomas SP. Mechanical Tuning of Fluorescence Lifetime and Bandgap in an Elastically Flexible Molecular Semiconductor Crystal. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2406184. [PMID: 39118551 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202406184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite having superior transport properties, lack of mechanical flexibility is a major drawback of crystalline molecular semiconductors as compared to their polymer analogues. Here single crystals of an organic semiconductor are reported that are not only flexible but exhibit systematic tuning of bandgaps, fluorescence lifetime, and emission wavelengths upon elastically bending. Spatially resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging and confocal fluorescence microscopy reveals systematic trends in the lifetime decay across the bent crystal region along with shifts in the emission wavelength. From the outer arc to the inner arc of the bent crystal, a significant decrease in the lifetime of ≈1.9 ns is observed, with a gradual bathochromic shift of ≈10 nm in the emission wavelength. For the crystal having a bandgap of 2.73 eV, the directional stress arising from bending leads to molecular reorientation effects and variations in the extent of intermolecular interactions- which are correlated to the lowering of bandgap and the evolution of the projected density of states. The systematic changes in the interactions quantified using electron density topological analysis in the compressed inner arc and elongated outer arc region are correlated to the non-radiative decay processes, thus rationalizing the tuning of fluorescence lifetime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Hassan Dar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Srijan Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Argha Barman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Pramit K Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Sajesh P Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoser A, Zwolenik A, Makal A. On the importance of low-frequency modes in predicting pressure-induced phase transitions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:20745-20749. [PMID: 39078650 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02368d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence of ultra-low frequency oscillation mode as observed by means of periodic DFT calculations at Γ point in a molecular crystal at ambient conditions can be a valuable predictor of imminent pressure-induced phase transition. We illustrate it with a series of polymorphs of diacetyl-pyrenes, for two of which such soft-modes indicated the trajectory of pressure-induced structural reorganization at ≈0.8 GPa. Notably, susceptibility to pressure-induced phase transformations could not be predicted based on material's thermodynamic characteristics, and there were no unequivocal clues in their crystal packing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hoser
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Zwolenik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Anna Makal
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warszawa, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tjhe DHL, Ren X, Jacobs IE, D'Avino G, Mustafa TBE, Marsh TG, Zhang L, Fu Y, Mansour AE, Opitz A, Huang Y, Zhu W, Unal AH, Hoek S, Lemaur V, Quarti C, He Q, Lee JK, McCulloch I, Heeney M, Koch N, Grey CP, Beljonne D, Fratini S, Sirringhaus H. Non-equilibrium transport in polymer mixed ionic-electronic conductors at ultrahigh charge densities. NATURE MATERIALS 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-01953-6. [PMID: 39060469 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Conducting polymers are mixed ionic-electronic conductors that are emerging candidates for neuromorphic computing, bioelectronics and thermoelectrics. However, fundamental aspects of their many-body correlated electron-ion transport physics remain poorly understood. Here we show that in p-type organic electrochemical transistors it is possible to remove all of the electrons from the valence band and even access deeper bands without degradation. By adding a second, field-effect gate electrode, additional electrons or holes can be injected at set doping states. Under conditions where the counterions are unable to equilibrate in response to field-induced changes in the electronic carrier density, we observe surprising, non-equilibrium transport signatures that provide unique insights into the interaction-driven formation of a frozen, soft Coulomb gap in the density of states. Our work identifies new strategies for substantially enhancing the transport properties of conducting polymers by exploiting non-equilibrium states in the coupled system of electronic charges and counterions.
Collapse
Grants
- 101020872 EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council)
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- 101020872 EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- ANR-21-CE24-0004-01 Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)
- ANR-21-CE24-0004-01 Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)
- EP/W017091 RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
- EP/W017091 RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinglong Ren
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ian E Jacobs
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Gabriele D'Avino
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France.
| | - Tarig B E Mustafa
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas G Marsh
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lu Zhang
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ahmed E Mansour
- Institut für Physik and Center for the Science of Materials Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Opitz
- Institut für Physik and Center for the Science of Materials Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wenjin Zhu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sebastiaan Hoek
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Qiao He
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jin-Kyun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Norbert Koch
- Institut für Physik and Center for the Science of Materials Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Simone Fratini
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar V, Halba D, Upadhyay SN, Pakhira S. Electrocatalytic Performance of 2D Monolayer WSeTe Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenide for Highly Efficient H 2 Evolution Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14872-14887. [PMID: 38995219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the development of clean and green energy sources is the priority interest of research due to increasing global energy demand and extensive usage of fossil fuels, which create pollutants. Hydrogen has the highest energy density by weight among all chemical fuels. For the commercial-scale production of hydrogen, water electrolysis is the best method, which requires an efficient, cost-effective, and earth-abundant electrocatalyst. Recent studies have shown that the 2D Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (JTMDs) are promising materials for use as electrocatalysts and are highly effective for electrocatalytic H2 evolution reaction (HER). Here, we report a 2D monolayer WSeTe JTMD, which is highly effective toward HER. We have studied the electronic properties of 2D monolayer WSeTe JTMD using the periodic hybrid DFT-D method, and a direct electronic band gap of 2.39 eV was obtained. We have explored the HER pathways, mechanisms, and intermediates, including various transition state (TS) structures (Volmer TS, i.e., H*-migration TS, Heyrovsky TS, and Tafel TS) using a molecular cluster model of the subject JTMD noted as W10Se9Te12. The present calculations reveal that the 2D monolayer WSeTe JTMD is a potential electrocatalyst for HER. It has the lowest energy barriers for all the TSs among other TMDs. It has been shown that the Heyrovsky energy barrier (= 8.72 kcal mol-1) in the case of the Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism is larger than the Tafel energy barrier (= 3.27 kcal mol-1) in the Volmer-Tafel mechanism. Hence, our present study suggests that the formation of H2 is energetically more favorable via the Volmer-Tafel mechanism. This study helps to shed light on the rational design of 2D single-layer JTMD, which is highly effective toward HER, and we expect that the present work can be further extended to other JTMDs to find out the improved electrocatalytic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Dikeshwar Halba
- Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shrish Nath Upadhyay
- Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science (MEMS), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Srimanta Pakhira
- Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Electronics (CAE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bruzzese PC, Liao YK, Donà L, Civalleri B, Salvadori E, Chiesa M. Spin-Lattice Relaxation and Spin-Phonon Coupling of ns 1 Metal Ions at the Surface. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7161-7167. [PMID: 38967545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
To use transition metal ions for spin-based applications, it is essential to understand fundamental contributions to electron spin relaxation in different ligand environments. For example, to serve as building blocks for a device, transition metal ion-based molecular qubits must be organized on surfaces and preserve long electron spin relaxation times, up to room temperature. Here we propose monovalent group 12 ions (Zn+ and Cd+) as potential electronic metal qubits with an ns1 ground state. The relaxation properties of Zn+ and Cd+, stabilized at the interface of porous aluminosilicates, are investigated and benchmarked against vanadium (3d1) and copper (3d9) ions. The spin-phonon coupling has been evaluated through DFT modeling and found to be negligible for the ns1 states, explaining the long coherence time, up to 2 μs, at room temperature. These so far unexplored metal qubits may represent viable candidates for room temperature quantum operations and sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cleto Bruzzese
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Yu-Kai Liao
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Donà
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Civalleri
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Glosz D, Jędrzejowska K, Niedzielski G, Kobylarczyk J, Zakrzewski JJ, Hooper JGM, Gryl M, Koshevoy IO, Podgajny R. Influence of O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt interactions on photoluminescent response in the (Et 4N) 2{[Pt(bph)(CN) 2][phenylene-1,4-diresorcinol]} framework. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400797. [PMID: 38751354 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Tunable photoluminescence (PL) is one of the hot topics in current materials science, and research performed on the molecular phases is at the forefront of this field. We present the new (Et4N)2[PtII(bph)(CN)2]⋅rez3⋅1/3H2O (Pt2rez3) (bph=biphenyl-2,2'-diyl; rez3=3,3",5,5"-tetrahydroxy-1,1':4',1"-terphenyl, phenylene-1,4-diresorcinol coformer, a linear quaternary hydrogen bond donor) co-crystal salt based on the recently appointed promising [PtII(bph)(CN)2]2- luminophore. Within the extended hydrogen-bonded subnetwork [PtII(bph)(CN)2]2- complexes and rez3 coformer molecules form two types of contacts: the rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Ncomplex ones in the equatorial plane of the complex and non-typical rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt ones along its axial direction. The combined structural, PL, and DFT approach identified the rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt synthons to be crucial in promoting the noticeable uniform redshift of bph ligand centered (LC) emission compared to the LC emission of the (Et4N)2[PtII(bph)(CN)2]⋅H2O (Pt2) precursor, owing to the direct interference of the phenol group with the PtII-bph orbital system via altering the CT processes within. The high-resolution emission spectra for Pt2 and Pt2rez3 were successfully reproduced at 77 K by using the Franck-Cordon expressions. The possibility to tune PL properties along the plausible continuum of rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt synthons is indicated, considering various scenarios of molecular occupation of the space above and below the complex plane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Glosz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jędrzejowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Niedzielski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jedrzej Kobylarczyk
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub J Zakrzewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - James G M Hooper
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marlena Gryl
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Igor O Koshevoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Robert Podgajny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kölbel J, Ruggiero MT, Keren S, Benshalom N, Yaffe O, Zeitler JA, Mittleman DM. Is Ortho-Terphenyl a Rigid Glass Former? J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7020-7027. [PMID: 38949623 PMCID: PMC11247491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Ortho-terphenyl (OTP) has long been used as a model system to study the glass transition due to its apparent simplicity and a widespread assumption that it is a rigid molecule. Here, we employ terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and low-frequency Raman spectroscopy to investigate the rigidity of OTP by direct observation of the low-frequency vibrational dynamics. These terahertz phonons involve complex large-amplitude atomic motions where intramolecular and intermolecular displacements are often mixed. Comparison of experimental results with density functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations shows that the assumption of rigidity neglects important implications for the glass transition and must be revisited. These results highlight the significance of terahertz modes on elasticity, which will be even more critical in more complex systems such as biomolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Kölbel
- School
of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Michael T. Ruggiero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627, United
States
| | - Shachar Keren
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nimrod Benshalom
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Omer Yaffe
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - J. Axel Zeitler
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Daniel M. Mittleman
- School
of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jussila T, Philip A, Rubio-Giménez V, Eklund K, Vasala S, Glatzel P, Lindén J, Motohashi T, Karttunen AJ, Ameloot R, Karppinen M. Chemical Bonding and Crystal Structure Schemes in Atomic/Molecular Layer Deposited Fe-Terephthalate Thin Films. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:6489-6503. [PMID: 39005530 PMCID: PMC11238545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Advanced deposition routes are vital for the growth of functional metal-organic thin films. The gas-phase atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) technique provides solvent-free and uniform nanoscale thin films with unprecedented thickness control and allows straightforward device integration. Most excitingly, the ALD/MLD technique can enable the in situ growth of novel crystalline metal-organic materials. An exquisite example is iron-terephthalate (Fe-BDC), which is one of the most appealing metal-organic framework (MOF) type materials and thus widely studied in bulk form owing to its attractive potential in photocatalysis, biomedicine, and beyond. Resolving the chemistry and structural features of new thin film materials requires an extended selection of characterization and modeling techniques. Here we demonstrate how the unique features of the ALD/MLD grown in situ crystalline Fe-BDC thin films, different from the bulk Fe-BDC MOFs, can be resolved through techniques such as synchrotron grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and crystal structure predictions. The investigations of the Fe-BDC thin films, containing both trivalent and divalent iron, converge toward a novel crystalline Fe(III)-BDC monoclinic phase with space group C2/c and an amorphous Fe(II)-BDC phase. Finally, we demonstrate the excellent thermal stability of our Fe-BDC thin films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Topias Jussila
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Anish Philip
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Centre
for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Eklund
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Sami Vasala
- ESRF
- The European Synchrotron, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Johan Lindén
- Physics/Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi
University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Teruki Motohashi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre
for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarit Karppinen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
López C, Abia C, Gainza J, Rodrigues JE, Martinelli B, Serrano-Sánchez F, Silva RS, Ferrer MM, Dura OJ, Martínez JL, Fernández-Díaz MT, Alonso JA. Unveiling the Structural Properties, Optical Behavior, and Thermoelectric Performance of 2D CsSn 2Br 5 Halide Obtained by Mechanochemistry. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12641-12650. [PMID: 38920333 PMCID: PMC11234366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites with a two-dimensional structure are utilized in photovoltaics and optoelectronics. High-crystallinity CsSn2Br5 specimens have been synthesized via ball milling. Differential scanning calorimetry curves show melting at 553 K (endothermic) and recrystallization at 516 K (exothermic). Structural analysis using synchrotron X-ray diffraction data, collected from 100 to 373 K, allows for the determination of Debye model parameters. This analysis provides insights into the relative Cs-Br and Sn-Br chemical bonds within the tetragonal structure (space group: I4/mcm), which remains stable throughout the temperature range studied. Combined with neutron data, X-N techniques permit the identification of the Sn2+ lone electron pair (5s2) in the two-dimensional framework, occupying empty space opposite to the four Sn-Br bonds of the pyramidal [SnBr4] coordination polyhedra. Additionally, diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy unveils an indirect optical gap of approximately ∼3.3 eV, aligning with the calculated value from the B3LYP-DFT method (∼3.2 eV). The material exhibits a positive Seebeck coefficient as high as 6.5 × 104 μV K-1 at 350 K, which evolves down to negative values of -3.0 × 103 μV K-1 at 550 K, surpassing values reported for other halide perovskites. Notably, the thermal conductivity remains exceptionally low, between 0.32 and 0.25 W m-1 K-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos
Alberto López
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- INTEQUI,
(UNSL-CONICET) and Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y
Farmacia, UNSL, Almirante
Brown 1455, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Carmen Abia
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institut
Laue Langevin, 38042 Grenoble, Cedex, France
| | - Javier Gainza
- European Synchrotron
Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - João Elias Rodrigues
- CELLS−ALBA
Synchrotron Light Facility, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona E-08290, Spain
| | - Brenda Martinelli
- CCAF, PPGCEM/CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-610 Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Romualdo Santos Silva
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mateus M. Ferrer
- CCAF, PPGCEM/CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-610 Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Oscar J. Dura
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Universidad de
Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad
Real E-13071, Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio Alonso
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Laranjeira JS, Martins N, Denis PA, Sambrano J. Unveiling a New 2D Semiconductor: Biphenylene-Based InN. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:28879-28887. [PMID: 38973873 PMCID: PMC11223256 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The two-dimensional (2D) materials class earned a boost in 2021 with biphenylene synthesis, which is structurally formed by the fusion of four-, six-, and eight-membered carbon rings, usually named 4-6-8-biphenylene network (BPN). This research proposes a detailed study of electronic, structural, dynamic, and mechanical properties to demonstrate the potential of the novel biphenylene-like indium nitride (BPN-InN) via density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. The BPN-InN has a direct band gap energy transition of 2.02 eV, making it promising for optoelectronic applications. This structure exhibits maximum and minimum Young modulus of 22.716 and 22.063 N/m, Poisson ratio of 0.018 and -0.008, and Shear modulus of 11.448 and 10.860 N/m, respectively. To understand the BPN-InN behavior when subjected to mechanical deformations, biaxial and uniaxial strains in armchair and zigzag directions from -8 to 8% were applied, achieving a band gap energy modulation of 1.36 eV over tensile deformations. Our findings are expected to motivate both theorists and experimentalists to study and obtain these new 2D inorganic materials that exhibit promising semiconductor properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José
A. S. Laranjeira
- Modeling
and Molecular Simulation Group, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Martins
- Modeling
and Molecular Simulation Group, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Pablo A. Denis
- Computational
Nanotechnology, DETEMA, Facultad de Química, UDELAR, CC 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Julio Sambrano
- Modeling
and Molecular Simulation Group, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sánchez-Movellán I, Aramburu JA, Moreno M. Chemical Bonding, 10Dq Parameter and Superexchange in the Model Compound KNiF 3. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400006. [PMID: 38573167 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The cubic field splitting parameter, 10Dq, plays a central role in the ligand field theory on insulating transition metal compounds. Experimental data obtained in the last 50 years prove that 10Dq is highly dependent on changes of the metal-ligand distance, R, induced by chemical or applied pressures. Despite this fact has important consequences on optical and magnetic properties of such compounds, its actual origin is still controversial. Seeking to clarify that crucial issue, this work is focused on KNiF3, a reference system among insulating transition metal compounds. By means of first principles calculations we show that, contrary to what is usually thought, the R-dependence of 10Dq arises neither from the crystal field contribution nor from the covalent admixture of 3d(Ni) with valence 2p(F) orbitals. Indeed, we prove that it is mainly due to the residual covalency with deep 2s(F) orbitals, highly sensitive to R variations. As a salient feature the present calculations show that the 3d-2pσ and 3d-2pπ admixtures raise practically equal the energy of antibonding eg and t2g orbitals of NiF6 4- units in KNiF3 thus leading to a null contribution to 10Dq. This conclusion is not significantly altered when considering the change of covalency on passing from the ground state 3A2(t2g 6eg 2) to the excited state 3T2(t2g 5eg 3). The different influence of chemical bonding on the superexchange constant, J, and 10Dq is also discussed in a second step. It is pointed out that the strong dependence of J upon R can hardly be explained through the behavior of the 3d-2pσ covalency derived for a single NiF6 4- unit. For the sake of clarity, the meaning of 10Dq is also briefly analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inés Sánchez-Movellán
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria Campus Internacional, Avenida de los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - José Antonio Aramburu
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria Campus Internacional, Avenida de los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - Miguel Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria Campus Internacional, Avenida de los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zwolenik A, Tchoń D, Makal A. Evolution of structure and spectroscopic properties of a new 1,3-diacetylpyrene polymorph with temperature and pressure. IUCRJ 2024; 11:519-527. [PMID: 38727170 PMCID: PMC11220879 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252524003634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
A new polymorph of 1,3-diacetylpyrene has been obtained from its melt and thoroughly characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, steady-state UV-Vis spectroscopy and periodic density functional theory calculations. Experimental studies covered the temperature range from 90 to 390 K and the pressure range from atmospheric to 4.08 GPa. Optimal sample placement in a diamond anvil cell according to our previously presented methodology ensured over 80% data coverage up to 0.8 Å for a monoclinic sample. Unrestrained Hirshfeld atom refinement of the high-pressure crystal structures was successful and anharmonic behavior of carbonyl oxygen atoms was observed. Unlike the previously characterized polymorph, the structure of 2°AP-β is based on infinite π-stacks of antiparallel 2°AP molecules. 2°AP-β displays piezochromism and piezofluorochromism which are directly related to the variation in interplanar distances within the π-stacking. The importance of weak intermolecular interactions is reflected in the substantial negative thermal expansion coefficient of -55.8 (57) MK-1 in the direction of C-H...O interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Zwolenik
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of WarsawŻwirki i Wigury 10102-089WarszawaPoland
| | - D. Tchoń
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of WarsawŻwirki i Wigury 10102-089WarszawaPoland
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging DivisionLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - A. Makal
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of WarsawŻwirki i Wigury 10102-089WarszawaPoland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar A, Jha KK, Olech B, Goral T, Malinska M, Woźniak K, Dominiak PM. TAAM refinement on high-resolution experimental and simulated 3D ED/MicroED data for organic molecules. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2024; 80:264-277. [PMID: 38934273 PMCID: PMC11225613 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229624005357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
3D electron diffraction (3D ED), or microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED), has become an alternative technique for determining the high-resolution crystal structures of compounds from sub-micron-sized crystals. Here, we considered L-alanine, α-glycine and urea, which are known to form good-quality crystals, and collected high-resolution 3D ED data on our in-house TEM instrument. In this study, we present a comparison of independent atom model (IAM) and transferable aspherical atom model (TAAM) kinematical refinement against experimental and simulated data. TAAM refinement on both experimental and simulated data clearly improves the model fitting statistics (R factors and residual electrostatic potential) compared to IAM refinement. This shows that TAAM better represents the experimental electrostatic potential of organic crystals than IAM. Furthermore, we compared the geometrical parameters and atomic displacement parameters (ADPs) resulting from the experimental refinements with the simulated refinements, with the periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations and with published X-ray and neutron crystal structures. The TAAM refinements on the 3D ED data did not improve the accuracy of the bond lengths between the non-H atoms. The experimental 3D ED data provided more accurate H-atom positions than the IAM refinements on the X-ray diffraction data. The IAM refinements against 3D ED data had a tendency to lead to slightly longer X-H bond lengths than TAAM, but the difference was statistically insignificant. Atomic displacement parameters were too large by tens of percent for L-alanine and α-glycine. Most probably, other unmodelled effects were causing this behaviour, such as radiation damage or dynamical scattering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, ul Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Kunal Kumar Jha
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, ul Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
- Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw, ul S Banacha 2c 02-097 Warszawa Poland
| | - Barbara Olech
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, ul Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
- Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw, ul S Banacha 2c 02-097 Warszawa Poland
| | - Tomasz Goral
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, ul Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
- Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw, ul S Banacha 2c 02-097 Warszawa Poland
| | - Maura Malinska
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 02-093 Warszawa Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw, ul S Banacha 2c 02-097 Warszawa Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 02-093 Warszawa Poland
| | - Paulina Maria Dominiak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, ul Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Matveychuk YV, Regel RL, Bartashevich EV. Noncovalent Interactions of Silatranes and Germatranes with the Surface of Stoichiometric and Hydroxylated 2D Silica. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:13227-13235. [PMID: 38870102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Analysis of noncovalent interactions formed by the surface of a 2D silica bilayer and atrane molecules, as precursors of functional layers immobilized on a surface of silicatene, was performed. For this purpose, the systems of substituted silatranes and germatranes adsorbed on silicatene surfaces with different amounts of hydroxyl groups (0, 2, 4, and 30 per cell) were simulated by using quantum chemical modeling with periodic boundary conditions and full-electron basis sets. The observation results for interaction energy changes in the systems "atrane molecule-silicatene surface" with increasing silanol number of the silicatene surface can be used to predict the optimal degree of silicatene hydroxylation in order to control the effective progress of atrane deprotection on activated 2D silica materials. In addition to the typical hydrogen bonds, the ability of atranes to form noncovalent O···O and O···Hal interactions was discovered. In these bonds, the oxygen or halogen atoms of atranes act as electron-donor centers in relation to the silicatene oxygen atoms. The observed weakening of the Ge-O covalent bonds in germatranes, on which further deprotection reaction depends, is more manifested than for the Si-O bonds in adsorbed silatranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yury V Matveychuk
- MMMFM Research Laboratory, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| | - Roman L Regel
- MMMFM Research Laboratory, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bakradze G, Welter E, Kuzmin A. Structure of Polaronic Centers in Proton-Intercalated AWO 4 Scheelite-Type Tungstates. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3071. [PMID: 38998153 PMCID: PMC11242041 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The studies of polaronic centers in a homologous series of scheelite-type compounds AWO4 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) were performed using the W L3-edge and Sr K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with the reverse Monte Carlo simulations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and first-principles calculations. Protonated scheelites HxAWO4 were produced using acid electrolytes in a one-step route at ambient conditions. The underlying mechanism behind this phenomenon can be ascribed to the intercalation of H+ into the crystal structure of tungstate, effectively resulting in the reduction of W6+ to W5+, i.e., the formation of polaronic centers, and giving rise to a characteristic dark blue-purple color. The emergence of the W5+ was confirmed by XPS experiments. The relaxation of the local atomic structure around the W5+ polaronic center was determined from the analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structures using the reverse Monte Carlo method. The results obtained suggest the displacement of the W5+ ions from the center of [W5+O4] tetrahedra in the structure of AWO4 scheelite-type tungstates. This finding was also supported by the results of the first-principles calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgijs Bakradze
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| | - Edmund Welter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron—A Research Centre of the Helmholtz Association, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Alexei Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Denis PA, Laranjeira JAS, Sambrano JR. Theoretical Characterization of Germanene Doped with Main Group Elements. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400139. [PMID: 38523079 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Herein, using density functional calculations, we studied the substitutional doping in germanene with B, C, N, O, Al, Si, P, S, Ga, As, and Se. Nitrogen is the element that can be more easily incorporated into the germanene lattice, followed by silicon, carbon, and boron. Almost all dopants were efficient in opening a band-gap. Yet, caution should be taken because this opening strongly depends on the dopant concentration. Carbon and sulfur were the most effective elements for band-gap opening. C-doping generates the lowest effective masses (me*/m0=mh*/m0=0.09). The equal me and mh values indicate an intrinsic semiconductor behavior, a characteristic shared by the chalcogenides-doped systems. Additionally, we performed a detailed analysis of the preferred disposition of dopants in the germanene lattice. In contrast with the results obtained for graphene, when multiple atoms are introduced in the germanene framework, they do not prefer to be agglomerated, adopting a random disposition, except in the case of sulfur and nitrogen, which favored specific dopant arrangement. Two sulfur dopants showed a notorious preference for replacing a Ge-Ge bond but without forming an S-S linkage, thus adopting a thiophene-like structure that may impart germanene exciting properties, as observed for S and N codoped graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Denis
- Computational Nanotechnology, DETEMA, Facultad de Química, UDELAR, CC 1157, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jose A S Laranjeira
- Modeling and Molecular Simulation Group, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), 17033-360, Bauru, S, Brazil
| | - Julio R Sambrano
- Modeling and Molecular Simulation Group, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), 17033-360, Bauru, S, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Laranjeira J, Marques L, Melle-Franco M, Strutyński K. Reentrant semiconducting behavior in polymerized fullerite structures with increasing sp 3-carbon content. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:365302. [PMID: 38834086 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad540b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The electronic behavior of polymerized fullerite structures, ranging from one-dimensional to three-dimensional polymers, was studied using density functional theory with the hybrid Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof functional and a 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The bandgap across these structures decreases with the rise of sp3-carbon content until metallic behavior is observed. A further increase induces a reopening of the bandgap, revealing a reentrant semiconducting behavior in this class of materials. This behavior is understood in terms of the new electronic states originated by polymeric bonding and the effect of the volume reduction on the dispersion of sp2-states. This study highlights the fullerite polymers as a magnificent platform to tune electronic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Laranjeira
- Departamento de Física and CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Leonel Marques
- Departamento de Física and CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuel Melle-Franco
- Departamento de Química and CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Karol Strutyński
- Departamento de Química and CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bancroft KD, Ajibade SA, Kölbel J, Ruggiero MT, Mittleman DM. Terahertz Signatures of the Methane Replacement Reaction in Hydroquinone Clathrates. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6092-6098. [PMID: 38820527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive experimental and computational study into low-frequency vibrational dynamics of hydroquinone clathrate during in situ gas loading, in order to monitor replacement of carbon dioxide with methane in its atomic-level pores. We used terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, because terahertz modes are highly sensitive to the identity and structure of enclathrated guest molecules. Through ab initio simulations, we determined that the replacement reaction is not completed. Instead we observed the formation of a heterogeneous material, with methane molecules occupying approximately one-third of available adsorption sites. While the structure of the methane-hydroquinone clathrate system has been previously determined, our observations suggest the reported symmetry is incorrect due to methane molecules weakly interacting with the framework, resulting in dynamic (as opposed to positional) disorder of guests, unlike the related fully ordered carbon dioxide clathrate. This work puts us on the path to quantitatively tracking gas loading in porous materials using terahertz spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine D Bancroft
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Saheed A Ajibade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Johanna Kölbel
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Michael T Ruggiero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627 United States
| | - Daniel M Mittleman
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Singhvi P, Vankova N, Heine T. External Electric Field Control of Exciton Motion in Porphyrin-Based Metal Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400180. [PMID: 38606436 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Porphyrins are excellent light-harvesting complexes. Presently they are unsuitable for photovoltaic applications, as their excellent light absorbance is compensated to a large extent by their poor transport properties, where most excitons are lost by recombination. Arranging porphyrins in regular, strongly bound, lattices of surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks (PP-SURMOFs) may facilitate charge carrier dissociation, but does not significantly enhance the conductive properties. In most cases, photogenerated excitons traverse undirected, Brownian motion through a hopping process, resulting in a substantial diffusion length to reach electrodes, leading to significant exciton loss through recombination. Here, we propose to guide exciton diffusion indirectly by an external electric field. We show that electric fields, even as strong as 1 V nm-1, do not affect the HOMO-LUMO gap of the porphyrins. However, fields of 0.1 V nm-1 and even less demonstrate a notable Stark effect, with slight band gap reductions, for some PP-SURMOFs. When applied as an electric field gradient, for instance, via the substrate, it creates a unidirectional hopping pathway for the excitons. Consequently, we expect a significant reduction of exciton diffusion length leading to increased utilization of photogenerated excitons as they reach the electrodes. This strategy holds promise for integrating photoactive molecules in photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puja Singhvi
- Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66c, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nina Vankova
- Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66c, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Heine
- Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66c, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advanced Systems Understanding, CASUS, Untermarkt 20, 02826, Görlitz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, HZDR, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and ibs for nanomedicine, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
McColl K, Coles SW, Zarabadi-Poor P, Morgan BJ, Islam MS. Phase segregation and nanoconfined fluid O 2 in a lithium-rich oxide cathode. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:826-833. [PMID: 38740957 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01873-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-rich oxide cathodes lose energy density during cycling due to atomic disordering and nanoscale structural rearrangements, which are both challenging to characterize. Here we resolve the kinetics and thermodynamics of these processes in an exemplar layered Li-rich (Li1.2-xMn0.8O2) cathode using a combined approach of ab initio molecular dynamics and cluster expansion-based Monte Carlo simulations. We identify a kinetically accessible and thermodynamically favourable mechanism to form O2 molecules in the bulk, involving Mn migration and driven by interlayer oxygen dimerization. At the top of charge, the bulk structure locally phase segregates into MnO2-rich regions and Mn-deficient nanovoids, which contain O2 molecules as a nanoconfined fluid. These nanovoids are connected in a percolating network, potentially allowing long-range oxygen transport and linking bulk O2 formation to surface O2 loss. These insights highlight the importance of developing strategies to kinetically stabilize the bulk structure of Li-rich O-redox cathodes to maintain their high energy densities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit McColl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
| | - Samuel W Coles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Pezhman Zarabadi-Poor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin J Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - M Saiful Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pascale F, D'Arco P, Lebègue S, Dovesi R. Jahn-Teller distortion, octahedra rotations and orbital ordering in perovskites: KScF 3 as a model system. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:1067-1077. [PMID: 38217380 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The KScF 3 perovskite has been used as a model for investigating the relative importance of the Jahn-Teller (JT) lift of degeneracy, the ScF 6 octahedra rotation (OR), and the quadrupole-quadrupole interaction linked to different occupancy of the Sc t 2 g subshell in various sites of the unit cell (orbital ordering, OO). The group-subgroup sequence P m 3 ¯ m , P 4 m m m , P 4 m b m , and P n m a , supplemented by C m m m and I 4 m c m , has been explored by using an all electron Gaussian type basis set, hybrid functionals, and the CRYSTAL17 code. The JT lift of degeneracy provides a stabilization about 5 times larger than the sum of the OO and OR effects. The energy gained in the transition from P 4 m m m to P 4 m b m , consisting in a rotation of the octahedra around the c axis, is 1077 μ E h . From P 4 m b m to P n m a , additional rotations around the a and b axes are possible, and the d Sc electron can occupy a different t 2 g orbital, with a total energy reduction of 2318 μ E h . The rotation of the octahedra reduces the strength of superexchange: in going from P 4 m m m to P n m a the G-AFM stabilization with respect to FM shrinks by a factor 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Pascale
- Université de Lorraine-Nancy, CNRS, LEMTA, Nancy, France
| | - P D'Arco
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS-INSU, Institut des Sciences de la Terre, ISTeP UMR 7193, Paris, France
| | - S Lebègue
- Université de Lorraine-Nancy, CNRS, LPCT, UMR 7019, Nancy, France
| | - R Dovesi
- Accademia Delle Science di Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gao L, Li G, Chen Q, Liu T, He T, Li J, Wang L, Kong X. Ion Dynamics at the Intermediate Charging State of the Sodium Vanadium Fluorophosphate Cathode. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12468-12476. [PMID: 38699893 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Na super ionic conductor (NASICON)-type polyanionic vanadium fluorophosphate Na3V2O2(PO4)2F (NVOPF) is a promising cathode material for high-energy sodium-ion batteries. The dynamic diffusion and exchange of sodium ions in the lattice of NVOPF are crucial for its electrochemical performance. However, standard characterizations are mostly focused on the as-synthesized material without cycling, which is different from the actual battery operation conditions. In this work, we investigated the hopping processes of sodium in NVOPF at the intermediate charging state with 23Na solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our experimental characterizations revealed six distinct sodium coordination sites in the intermediate structure and determined the exchange rates among these sites at variable temperatures. The theoretical calculations showed that these dynamic processes correspond to different ion transport pathways in the crystalline lattice. Our combined experimental and theoretical study uncovered the underlying mechanisms of the ion transport in cycled NVOPF and these understandings may help the optimization of cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Guijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Qinlong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Tingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Tian He
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Xueqian Kong
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Genreith-Schriever A, Coates CS, Märker K, Seymour ID, Bassey EN, Grey CP. Probing Jahn-Teller Distortions and Antisite Defects in LiNiO 2 with 7Li NMR Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:4226-4239. [PMID: 38764754 PMCID: PMC11099921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c03103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The long- and local-range structure and electronic properties of the high-voltage lithium-ion cathode material for Li-ion batteries, LiNiO2, remain widely debated, as are the degradation phenomena at high states of delithiation, limiting the more widespread use of this material. In particular, the local structural environment and the role of Jahn-Teller distortions are unclear, as are the interplay of distortions and point defects and their influence on cycling behavior. Here, we use ex situ7Li NMR measurements in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations to examine Jahn-Teller distortions and antisite defects in LiNiO2. We calculate the 7Li Fermi contact shifts for the Jahn-Teller distorted and undistorted structures, the experimental 7Li room-temperature spectrum being ascribed to an appropriately weighted time average of the rapidly fluctuating structure comprising collinear, zigzag, and undistorted domains. The 7Li NMR spectra are sensitive to the nature and distribution of antisite defects, and in combination with DFT calculations of different configurations, we show that the 7Li resonance at approximately -87 ppm is characteristic of a subset of Li-Ni antisite defects, and more specifically, a Li+ ion in the Ni layer that does not have an associated Ni ion in the Li layer in its 2nd cation coordination shell. Via ex situ7Li MAS NMR, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical experiments, we identify the 7Li spectral signatures of the different crystallographic phases on delithiation. The results imply fast Li-ion dynamics in the monoclinic phase and indicate that the hexagonal H3 phase near the end of charge is largely devoid of Li.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalena
R. Genreith-Schriever
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- The Faraday
Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Chloe S. Coates
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- The Faraday
Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Katharina Märker
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, Grenoble 38000, France
- The Faraday
Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Ieuan D. Seymour
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, U.K.
- Advanced
Centre for Energy and Sustainability, School of Natural and Computing
Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, U.K.
- The Faraday
Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Euan N. Bassey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- The Faraday
Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ribaldone C, Casassa S. Born-Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics with a Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals and Hybrid Functionals for Condensed Matter Simulations Made Possible. Theory and Performance for the Microcanonical and Canonical Ensembles. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:3954-3975. [PMID: 38648566 PMCID: PMC11104558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The implementation of an original Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics module is presented, which is able to perform simulations of large and complex condensed phase systems for sufficiently long time scales at the level of density functional theory with hybrid functionals, in the microcanonical (NVE) and canonical (NVT) ensembles. The algorithm is fully integrated in the Crystal code, a program for quantum mechanical simulations of materials, whose peculiarity stems from the use of atom-centered basis functions within a linear combination of atomic orbitals to describe the wave function. The corresponding efficiency in the evaluation of the exact Fock exchange series has led to the implementation of a rich variety of hybrid density functionals at a low computational cost. In addition, the molecular dynamics implementation benefits also from the effective MPI parallelization of the code, suited to exploit high-performance computing resources available on current generation supercomputer architectures. Furthermore, the information contained in the trajectory of the dynamics is extracted through a series of postprocessing algorithms that provide the radial distribution function, the diffusion coefficient and the vibrational density of states. In this work, we present a detailed description of the theoretical framework and the algorithmic implementation, followed by a critical evaluation of the accuracy and parallel performance (e.g., strong and weak scaling) of this approach, when ice and liquid water simulations are performed in the microcanonical and canonical ensembles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ribaldone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università
di Torino, via Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Casassa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università
di Torino, via Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Celestine L, Zosiamliana R, Kima L, Chettri B, Singh YT, Gurung S, Surajkumar Singh N, Laref A, Rai DP. Hybrid-DFT study of halide perovskites, an energy-efficient material under compressive pressure for piezoelectric applications. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:325501. [PMID: 38670125 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad443e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that lead-halide perovskites are the most efficient energy-harvesting materials. Regardless of their high-output energy and structural stability, lead-based products have risk factors due to their toxicity. Therefore, lead-free perovskites that offer green energy are the expected alternatives. We have taken CsGeX3(X = Cl, Br, and I) as lead-free halide perovskites despite knowing the low power conversion rate. Herein, we have tried to study the mechanisms of enhancement of energy-harvesting capabilities involving an interplay between structure and electronic properties. A density functional theory simulation of these materials shows a decrease in the band gaps, lattice parameters, and volumes with increasing applied pressure. We report the high piezoelectric responses and high electro-mechanical conversion rates, which are intriguing for generating electricity through mechanical stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Celestine
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - R Zosiamliana
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Lalrin Kima
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Bhanu Chettri
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Y T Singh
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Shivraj Gurung
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
| | - N Surajkumar Singh
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
| | - A Laref
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - D P Rai
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
- Researcher, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rullan R, Colinet P, Desdion Q, Steinmann SN, Le Bahers T. Modeling the polychromism of oxide minerals: The case of alexandrite and cordierite. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:834-842. [PMID: 38146809 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the spectroscopic properties of photochromic alexandrite and cordierite by TD-DFT. The objective is to assess the TD-DFT for the simulation of pleochroism (change of color depending on the crystallographic direction of the observation) and the change of color as a function of the light source. For these simulations, we compared an embedding where dangling bonds are saturated by hydrogen atoms and an electrostatic embedding. The electrostatic embedding provided numerically more stable results and allowed a good reproduction of the pleochroism of cordierite, based on a Fe2+-Fe3+ intervalence charge transfer transition. However, the pleochroism of alexandrite is not as well reproduced, suggesting that TD-DFT has some difficulties to reproduce the anisotropy of the transition dipole moment, an aspect that is not deeply documented in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Rullan
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, Lyon, France
| | - Pauline Colinet
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, Lyon, France
| | - Quentin Desdion
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, Lyon, France
| | - Stephan N Steinmann
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, Lyon, France
| | - Tangui Le Bahers
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, Lyon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Alfonso-Herrera LA, Rodríguez-Girón JS, de Sampedro HIG, Sánchez-Martínez D, Navarrete-López AM, Beltrán HI. Elucidating Structural Stability, Bandgap, and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of (H 2O/DMF)@HKUST-1 Host-Guest Systems. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300579. [PMID: 38116999 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The H2O@HKUST-1 and DMF@HKUST-1 systems were experimental and computationally assessed, employing XRD/TGA/FT-IR/DFT-calculations, evidencing that H2O or DMF coordinated to Cu, modulating HKUST-1 photocatalytic properties. DMF@HKUST-1 has narrower bandgap promoting higher-crystallinity and light-harvesting. H2O@HKUST-1 showed smaller particle sizing and sharp morphology. Theoretical models, (H2O)1@HKUST-1 and (DMF)1@HKUST-1, containing one coordinated molecule, elucidated bandgap modulation associated with infiltration. H2O@HKUST-1/DMF@HKUST-1 presented bandgaps [eV] of 3.6/3.4, by Tauc plots, and 3.55/3.26, by theoretical calculations, narrowing bandgap, compared with non-solvated HKUST-1(HKUST-1NS). Both composites raised the valence band (VB) and lowered the conduction band (CB), but DMF@HKUST-1 most raised VB. Topological analysis revealed that guests i) with higher electronic density, raised VB, and ii) induced π-backbonding, lowering CB. DMF@HKUST-1 presented a higher photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (μmol), 26.45, in the first 30 min of the reaction, nevertheless, H2O@HKUST-1 presented a competitive activity, of 17.32. In large periods, H2O@HKUST-1/DMF@HKUST-1 showed practically the same hydrogen evolution, 45.50/49.03.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Alfonso-Herrera
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, DCBI, UAM Unidad Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 420, Col. Nueva Rosario, Alc. Azcapotzalco, 02128, CDMX, México
| | - Jesús S Rodríguez-Girón
- Departamento de Ecomateriales y Energía, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, 64455, San Nicolás de Los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Héctor I González de Sampedro
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, DCBI, UAM Unidad Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 420, Col. Nueva Rosario, Alc. Azcapotzalco, 02128, CDMX, México
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ecomateriales y Energía, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, 64455, San Nicolás de Los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Alejandra M Navarrete-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, DCBI, UAM Unidad Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 420, Col. Nueva Rosario, Alc. Azcapotzalco, 02128, CDMX, México
| | - Hiram I Beltrán
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, DCBI, UAM Unidad Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 420, Col. Nueva Rosario, Alc. Azcapotzalco, 02128, CDMX, México
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Botta M, Zeitz S, Klein W, Raudaschl-Sieber G, Fässler TF. Na 3Ge 2P 3: A Zintl Phase Featuring [P 3Ge-GeP 3] Dimers as Building Blocks. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38640448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Recently, ternary lithium phosphidotetrelates have attracted interest particularly due to their high ionic conductivities, while corresponding sodium and heavier alkali metal compounds have been less investigated. Hence, we report the synthesis and characterization of the novel ternary sodium phosphidogermanate Na3Ge2P3, which is readily accessible via ball milling of the elements and subsequent annealing. According to single crystal X-ray structure determination, Na3Ge2P3 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c (no. 14.) with unit cell parameters of a = 7.2894(6) Å, b = 14.7725(8) Å, c = 7.0528(6) Å, β = 106.331(6)° and forms an unprecedented two-dimensional polyanionic network in the b/c plane of interconnected [P3Ge-GeP3] building units. The system can also be interpreted as differently sized ring structures that interconnect and form a two-dimensional network. A comparison with related ternary compounds from the corresponding phase system as well as with the binary compound GeP shows that the polyanionic network of Na3Ge2P3 resembles an intermediate step between highly condensed cages and discrete polyanions, which highlights the structural variety of phosphidogermanates. The structure is confirmed by 23Na- and 31P-MAS NMR measurements and Raman spectroscopy. Computational investigation of the electronic structure reveals that Na3Ge2P3 is an indirect band gap semiconductor with a band gap of 2.9 eV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Botta
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on New Materials, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sabine Zeitz
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on New Materials, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Klein
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on New Materials, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gabriele Raudaschl-Sieber
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas F Fässler
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on New Materials, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zeitz S, Antoniuk H, Hlukhyy V, Fässler TF. Electronic Structure Analysis of the A 10Tt 2P 6 System (A=Li-Cs; Tt=Si, Ge, Sn) and Synthesis of the Direct Band Gap Semiconductor K 10Sn 2P 6. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400002. [PMID: 38320961 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Investigating the relationship between atomic and electronic structures is a powerful tool to screen the wide variety of Zintl phases for interesting (opto-)electronic properties. To get an insight in such relations, the A10Tt2P6 system (A=Li-Cs; Tt=Si-Sn) was picked as model system to analyse the influence of structural motives, combination of elements and their properties on type and width of the band gaps. Those compounds comprise two interesting structural motives of their anions, which are either monomeric trigonal planar TtP3 5- units which are isostructural to CO3 2- or [Tt2P6]10- dimers which correspond to two edge-sharing TtP4 tetrahedra. The A10Tt2P6 compounds were structurally optimized for both polymorphs and subsequent frequency analysis, band structure as well as density of states calculations were performed. The Gibbs free energies were compared to determine temperature dependent stability, where Na10Si2P6, Na10Ge2P6 and K10Sn2P6 were found to be candidates for a high temperature phase transition between the two polymorphs. Additionally, the unknown, but predicted compound K10Sn2P6 was synthesized and characterized by single crystal and powder x-ray diffraction. It crystalizes in the monoclinic space group P 21/n and incorporates [Sn2P6]10- edge sharing double tetrahedra. It was determined to be a direct band gap semiconductor with a band gap of 2.57 eV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Zeitz
- School of Natural Science, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Hanna Antoniuk
- School of Natural Science, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Viktor Hlukhyy
- School of Natural Science, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - T F Fässler
- School of Natural Science, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shen C, Zhang F, Sasaki T, Eerdun C, Hayashi M, Wang HW, Tominaga K, Mutailipu M, Pan S. Where do the Fluorine Atoms Go in Inorganic-Oxide Fluorinations? A Fluorooxoborate Illustration under Terahertz Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319121. [PMID: 38344870 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The substitution of fluorine atoms for oxygen atoms/hydroxyl groups has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the physical and chemical properties of oxides/hydroxides in fluorine chemistry. However, distinguishing fluorine from oxygen/hydroxyl in the reaction products poses a significant challenge in existing characterization methods. In this study, we illustrate that terahertz (THz) spectroscopy provides a powerful tool for addressing this challenge. To this end, we investigated two fluorination reactions of boric acid, utilizing MHF2 (M=Na, C(NH2)3) as fluorine reagents. Through an interplay between THz spectroscopy and solid-state density functional theory, we have conclusively demonstrated that fluorine atoms exclusively bind with the sp3-boron but not with the sp2-boron in the reaction products of Na[B(OH)3][B3O3F2(OH)2] (NaBOFH) and [C(NH2)3]2B3O3F4OH (GBF2). Based on this evidence, we have proposed a reaction pathway for the fluorinations under investigation, a process previously hindered due to structural ambiguity. This work represents a step forward in gaining a deeper understanding of the precise structures and reaction mechanisms involved in the fluorination of oxides/hydroxides, illuminated by the insights provided by THz spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Shen
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Institution Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Institution Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tetsuo Sasaki
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 432-8011, Japan
| | - Chaolu Eerdun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Economic & Technology Development District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010110, China
| | - Michitoshi Hayashi
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Houng-Wei Wang
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Keisuke Tominaga
- Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Miriding Mutailipu
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Institution Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shilie Pan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Institution Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Izquierdo-Ruiz F, Salvadó MA, Lobato A, Recio JM. Where are the Excess Electrons in Subvalent Compounds? The Case of Ag 7Pt 2O 7. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5897-5907. [PMID: 38497133 PMCID: PMC10988551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Subvalent compounds raise the question of where those valence electrons not belonging to chemical bonds are. In the limiting case of Ag7Pt2O7, there is just one-electron excess in the chemical formula requiring the presence of Ag atoms with oxidation states below +1, assuming conventional Pt4+ and O2- ions. Such a situation challenges the understanding of the semiconducting and diamagnetic behavior observed in this oxide. Previous explanations that localize pairwise the electron excess in tetrahedral Ag4 interstices do not suffice in this case, since there are six silver tetrahedral voids and only an excess of nine electrons in the unit cell. Here, we provide an alternative explanation for the subvalent nature of this compound by combining interatomic distances, electron density-based descriptors, and orbital energetic analysis criteria. As a result, Ag atoms that do not participate in their valence electron are revealed. We identify excess electrons located in isolated subvalent silver clusters with electron-deficient multicenter bonds resembling pieces of metallic bonding in fcc-Ag and Ag7Pt2 alloy. Our analysis of the electronic band structure also supports the multicenter bonding picture. This combined approach from the real and reciprocal spaces reconciles existing discrepancies and is key to understanding the new chemistry of silver subvalent compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Izquierdo-Ruiz
- MALTA-Consolider
Team and Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Salvadó
- MALTA-Consolider
Team and Departamento de Química Física y Analt́ica, Universidad de Oviedo. E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alvaro Lobato
- MALTA-Consolider
Team and Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Recio
- MALTA-Consolider
Team and Departamento de Química Física y Analt́ica, Universidad de Oviedo. E-33006 Oviedo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pascariu M, Bernasconi L, Krzystyniak M, Taylor J, Rudić S. Comprehensive Analysis of Methyl-β-D-ribofuranoside: A Multifaceted Spectroscopic and Theoretical Approach. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2111-2120. [PMID: 38469744 PMCID: PMC10961842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the vibrational spectra of methyl-β-D-ribofuranoside. Employing a combination of inelastic neutron scattering, Raman, and infrared spectroscopy allows for the observation of all modes regardless of the selection rules. The experimental techniques were complemented by density functional theory computational methods using both gas-phase (Gaussian) and solid-state (CRYSTAL, CASTEP) approaches to provide an unambiguous assignment of the defining vibrational features. Two distinct structures of the molecule were identified in the unit cell, differentiated mainly by the orientation of the furanose ring O-H bonds. The low-energy region of the spectrum (<400 cm-1) is dominated by lattice vibrations and functional group rotation, while the midenergy region is dominated by out-of-plane bending motions of the furanose ring (400-900 cm-1) and by C-H bending in the methyl and methylene groups (1400-1600 cm-1). The high-energy region (>2800 cm-1) encompasses the C-H and O-H stretching modes and offers convincing evidence of at least one H-bonding interaction between the two structures of methyl-β-D-ribofuranoside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matei Pascariu
- ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Leonardo Bernasconi
- Center
for Research Computing & Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Matthew Krzystyniak
- ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - James Taylor
- ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Svemir Rudić
- ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pollak CJ, Skorupskii G, Gutierrez-Amigo M, Singha R, Stiles JW, Kamm F, Pielnhofer F, Ong NP, Errea I, Vergniory MG, Schoop LM. Chemical Bonding Induces One-Dimensional Physics in Bulk Crystal BiIr 4Se 8. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6784-6795. [PMID: 38430128 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) systems persist as some of the most interesting because of the rich physics that emerges from constrained degrees of freedom. A desirable route to harness the properties therein is to grow bulk single crystals of a physically three-dimensional (3D) but electronically 1D compound. Most bulk compounds which approach the electronic 1D limit still field interactions across the other two crystallographic directions and, consequently, deviate from the 1D models. In this paper, we lay out chemical concepts to realize the physics of 1D models in 3D crystals. These are based on both structural and electronic arguments. We present BiIr4Se8, a bulk crystal consisting of linear Bi2+ chains within a scaffolding of IrSe6 octahedra, as a prime example. Through crystal structure analysis, density functional theory calculations, X-ray diffraction, and physical property measurements, we demonstrate the unique 1D electronic configuration in BiIr4Se8. This configuration at ambient temperature is a gapped Su-Schriefer-Heeger system, generated by way of a canonical Peierls distortion involving Bi dimerization that relieves instabilities in a 1D metallic state. At 190 K, an additional 1D charge density wave distortion emerges, which affects the Peierls distortion. The experimental evidence validates our design principles and distinguishes BiIr4Se8 among other quasi-1D bulk compounds. We thus show that it is possible to realize unique electronically 1D materials applying chemical concepts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Pollak
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Grigorii Skorupskii
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Martin Gutierrez-Amigo
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ratnadwip Singha
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Joseph W Stiles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Franziska Kamm
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - Florian Pielnhofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - N P Ong
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ion Errea
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Fisika Aplikatua Saila, Gipuzkoako Ingeniaritza Eskola, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Maia G Vergniory
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Leslie M Schoop
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Beckmann F, Woite P, Yelin S, Kass D, Usvyat D, Roemelt M, Limberg C. Two Allogons of an O 2 -activating Bis(disiloxido)ferrate(II) Accessible Selectively just by Variation of the Crystallization Temperature. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303614. [PMID: 38055220 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Deprotonation of O(iPr2 SiOH)2 (iPr LH2 ) with LiOtBu followed by reaction with FeCl2 in THF led to the complex [iPr L2 Fe][Li(THF)2 ]2 , 2, which represents a structural and spectroscopic model of the α-Fe sites of Fe/ZSM-5. Reaction with O2 in THF solution proceeds rather fast and is complete within 200 ms; an intermediate O2 adduct could not be identified by stopped-flow methods. Cooling blue solutions of 2 to -80 °C led to the growth of blue crystals of 2⋅THF, the analysis of which by XRD revealed a FeO4 core that is somewhat distorted from planarity towards a tetrahedral structure. By contrast, cooling such solutions to -30 °C led to pink crystals of an allogon featuring a perfectly square planar FeO4 entity. Hence, 2 represents a unique case where two different structural isomers (allogons) can be crystallized from the same solvent selectively, controlled by the temperature. DFT calculations were performed to understand this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Beckmann
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Woite
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Yelin
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dustin Kass
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Usvyat
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Roemelt
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ascrizzi E, Ribaldone C, Casassa S. Crucial Role of Ni Point Defects and Sb Doping for Tailoring the Thermoelectric Properties of ZrNiSn Half-Heusler Alloy: An Ab Initio Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1061. [PMID: 38473533 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In the wide group of thermoelectric compounds, the half-Heusler ZrNiSn alloy is one of the most promising materials thanks to its thermal stability and narrow band gap, which open it to the possibility of mid-temperature applications. A large variety of defects and doping can be introduced in the ZrNiSn crystalline structure, thus allowing researchers to tune the electronic band structure and enhance the thermoelectric performance. Within this picture, theoretical studies of the electronic properties of perfect and defective ZrNiSn structures can help with the comprehension of the relation between the topology of defects and the thermoelectric features. In this work, a half-Heusler ZrNiSn alloy is studied using different defective models by means of an accurate Density Functional Theory supercell approach. In particular, we decided to model the most common defects related to Ni, which are certainly present in the experimental samples, i.e., interstitial and antisite Ni and a substitutional defect consisting of the replacement of Sn with Sb atoms using concentrations of 3% and 6%. First of all, a comprehensive characterization of the one-electron properties is performed in order to gain deeper insight into the relationship between structural, topological and electronic properties. Then, the effects of the modeled defects on the band structure are analyzed, with particular attention paid to the region between the valence and the conduction bands, where the defective models introduce in-gap states with respect to the perfect ZrNiSn crystal. Finally, the electronic transport properties of perfect and defective structures are computed using semi-classical approximation in the framework of the Boltzmann transport theory as implemented in the Crystal code. The dependence obtained of the Seebeck coefficient and the power factor on the temperature and the carrier concentration shows reasonable agreement with respect to the experimental counterpart, allowing possible rationalization of the effect of the modeled defects on the thermoelectric performance of the synthesized samples. As a general conclusion, defect-free ZrNiSn crystal appears to be the best candidate for thermoelectric applications when compared to interstitial and antisite Ni defective models, and substitutional defects of Sn with Sb atoms (using concentrations of 3% and 6%) do not appreciably improve electronic transport properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Ascrizzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Ribaldone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Casassa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cavignac T, Vigier M, Fritsch E, Deniard P, Jobic S, Latouche C. Luminescence Properties of Al 2O 3:Ti in the Blue and Red Regions: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2934-2944. [PMID: 38305189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Using jointly experimental results and first-principles calculations, we unambiguously assign the underlying mechanisms behind two commonly observed luminescence bands for the Al2O3 material. Indeed, we show that the red band is associated with a Ti3+ d-d transition as expected, while the blue band is the combination of the Ti3+ + O- → Ti4+ + O2- and VO•+e- → VO× de-excitation processes. Thanks to our recent developments, which take into account the vibrational contributions to the electronic transitions in solids, we were able to simulate the luminescence spectra for the different signatures. The excellent agreement with the experiment demonstrates that it should be possible to predict the color of the material with a CIE chromaticity diagram. We also anticipated the luminescence signature of Al2O3:Ti,Ca and Al2O3:Ti,Be that were confirmed by experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Théo Cavignac
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Maxence Vigier
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Emmanuel Fritsch
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Philippe Deniard
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Stéphane Jobic
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Camille Latouche
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes F-44000, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris F-75005, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ugolotti A, Dolce M, Di Valentin C. Vitamin C Affinity to TiO 2 Nanotubes: A Computational Study by Hybrid Density Functional Theory Calculations. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:261. [PMID: 38334532 PMCID: PMC10856687 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNT) have been extensively studied because of their unique properties, which make such systems ideal candidates for biomedical application, especially for the targeted release of drugs. However, knowledge about the properties of TiO2 nanotubes with typical dimensions of the order of the nanometer is limited, especially concerning the adsorption of molecules that can be potentially loaded in actual devices. In this work, we investigate, by means of simulations based on hybrid density functional theory, the adsorption of Vitamin C molecules on different nanotubes through a comparative analysis of the properties of different structures. We consider two different anatase TiO2 surfaces, the most stable (101) and the more reactive (001)A; we evaluate the role of the curvature, the thickness and of the diameter as well as of the rolling direction of the nanotube. Different orientations of the molecule with respect to the surface are studied in order to identify any trends in the adsorption mechanism. Our results show that there is no preferential functional group of the molecule interacting with the substrate, nor any definite spatial dependency, like a rolling orientation or the concavity of the nanotube. Instead, the adsorption is driven by geometrical factors only, i.e., the favorable matching of the position and the alignment of any functional groups with undercoordinated Ti atoms of the surface, through the interplay between chemical and hydrogen bonds. Differently from flat slabs, thicker nanotubes do not improve the stability of the adsorption, but rather develop weaker interactions, due to the enhanced curvature of the substrate layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Ugolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (A.U.)
| | - Mirko Dolce
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (A.U.)
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (A.U.)
- BioNanoMedicine Center NANOMIB, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via Follereau 3, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Singh A, Pakhira S. Synergistic Niobium Doped Two-Dimensional Zirconium Diselenide: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for O 2 Reduction Reaction. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2024; 4:40-56. [PMID: 38283785 PMCID: PMC10811770 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The development of high-activity and low-price cathodic catalysts to facilitate the electrochemically sluggish O2 reduction reaction (ORR) is very important to achieve the commercial application of fuel cells. Here, we have investigated the electrocatalytic activity of the two-dimensional single-layer Nb-doped zirconium diselenide (2D Nb-ZrSe2) toward ORR by employing the dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) method. Through our study, we computed structural properties, electronic properties, and energetics of the 2D Nb-ZrSe2 and ORR intermediates to analyze the electrocatalytic performance of 2D Nb-ZrSe2. The electronic property calculations depict that the 2D monolayer ZrSe2 has a large band gap of 1.48 eV, which is not favorable for the ORR mechanism. After the doping of Nb, the electronic band gap vanishes, and 2D Nb-ZrSe2 acts as a conductor. We studied both the dissociative and the associative pathways through which the ORR can proceed to reduce the oxygen molecule (O2). Our results show that the more favorable path for O2 reduction on the surface of the 2D Nb-ZrSe2 is the 4e- associative path. The detailed ORR mechanisms (both associated and dissociative) have been explored by computing the changes in Gibbs free energy (ΔG). All of the ORR reaction intermediate steps are thermodynamically stable and energetically favorable. The free energy profile for the associative path shows the downhill behavior of the free energy vs the reaction steps, suggesting that all ORR intermediate structures are catalytically active for the 4e- associative path and a high 4e- reduction pathway selectivity. Therefore, 2D Nb-ZrSe2 is a promising catalyst for the ORR, which can be used as an alternative ORR catalyst compared to expensive platinum (Pt).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Singh
- Theoretical
Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science
Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian
Institute of Technology Indore (IIT Indore), Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore-453552, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Srimanta Pakhira
- Theoretical
Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science
Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian
Institute of Technology Indore (IIT Indore), Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore-453552, Madhya Pradesh India
- Theoretical
Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Computational Materials Science
Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Electronics (CAE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IIT Indore), Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore-453552, Madhya Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cervasio R, Amzallag E, Verseils M, Hemme P, Brubach JB, Infante IC, Segantini G, Rojo Romeo P, Coati A, Vlad A, Garreau Y, Resta A, Vilquin B, Creuze J, Roy P. Quantification of Crystalline Phases in Hf 0.5Zr 0.5O 2 Thin Films through Complementary Infrared Spectroscopy and Ab Initio Supercell Simulations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:3829-3840. [PMID: 38214484 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
In the quest for thinner and more efficient ferroelectric devices, Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) has emerged as a potential ultrathin and lead-free ferroelectric material. Indeed, when deposited on a TiN electrode, 1-25 nm thick HZO exhibits excellent ferroelectricity capability, allowing the prospective miniaturization of capacitors and transistor devices. To investigate the origin of ferroelectricity in HZO thin films, we conducted a far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopic study on 5 HZO films with thicknesses ranging from 10 to 52 nm, both within and out of the ferroelectric thickness range where ferroelectric properties are observed. Based on X-ray diffraction, these HZO films are estimated to contain various proportions of monoclinic (m-), tetragonal (t-), and polar orthorhombic (polar o-) phases, while only the 11, 17, and 21 nm thick are expected to include a higher amount of polar o-phase. We coupled the HZO infrared measurements with DFT simulations for these m-, t-, and polar o-crystallographic structures. The approach used was based on the supercell method, which combines all possible Hf/Zr mixed atomic sites in the solid solution. The excellent agreement between measured and simulated spectra allows assigning most bands and provides infrared signatures for the various HZO structures, including the polar orthorhombic form. Beyond pure assignment of bands, the DFT IR spectra averaging using a mix of different compositions (e.g., 70% polar o-phase +30% m-phase) of HZO DFT crystal phases allows quantification of the percentage of different structures inside the different HZO film thicknesses. Regarding the experimental data analysis, we used the spectroscopic data to perform a Kramers-Kronig constrained variational fit to extract the optical functions of the films using a Drude-Lorentz-based model. We found that the ferroelectric films could be described using a set of about 7 oscillators, which results in static dielectric constants in good agreement with theoretical values and previously reported ones for HfO2-doped ferroelectric films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Cervasio
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Emilie Amzallag
- ICMMO/SP2M, UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bat. 670 Avenue des Sciences, 91400 Orsay-F, France
| | - Marine Verseils
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Hemme
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Blaise Brubach
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Ingrid Cañero Infante
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, CNRS UMR5270 ECL INSA UCBL CPE, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Greta Segantini
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (UMR5270/CNRS), Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - Pedro Rojo Romeo
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (UMR5270/CNRS), Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - Alessandro Coati
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Alina Vlad
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Yves Garreau
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Andrea Resta
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Bertrand Vilquin
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (UMR5270/CNRS), Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Creuze
- ICMMO/SP2M, UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bat. 670 Avenue des Sciences, 91400 Orsay-F, France
| | - Pascale Roy
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kodrin I, Rodríguez M, Politeo N, Soldin Ž, Kerš I, Rončević T, Čikeš Čulić V, Sokol V, Doctorovich F, Kukovec BM. From Simple Palladium(II) Monomers to 2D Heterometallic Sodium-Palladium(II) Coordination Networks with 2-Halonicotinates. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:4111-4122. [PMID: 38284025 PMCID: PMC10809674 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The 2D heterometallic sodium-palladium(II) coordination polymers with 2-halonicotinates [2-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate (2-chloronicotinate), 2-Clnic- and 2-bromopyridine-3-carboxylate (2-bromonicotinate), 2-Brnic-], {[Na2(H2O)2(μ-H2O)4PdCl2(μ-2-Clnic-N:O')2]}n (1), and {[Na2(H2O)2(μ-H2O)4PdBr2(μ-2-Brnic-N:O')2]·2H2O}n (2) were prepared in aqueous solutions under the presence of NaHCO3, while palladium(II) monomers with the neutral 2-chloronicotinic and 2-bromonicotinic acid ligands, [PdCl2(2-ClnicH-N)2]·2DMF (3) and [PdCl2(2-BrnicH-N)2]·2DMF (4), were prepared in DMF/water mixtures (DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide). The zigzag chains of water-bridged sodium ions are in turn bridged by [PdCl2(2-Clnic)2]2- moieties in 1 or by [PdBr2(2-Brnic)2]2- moieties in 2, leading to the formation of the infinite 2D coordination networks of 1 or 2. The DFT calculations showed the halosubstituents type (Cl vs Br) does not have an influence on the formation of either trans or cis isomers. The trans isomers were found in all reported compounds; being more stable for about 10 to 15 kJ mol-1. The 2D coordination networks 1 and 2 are more stabilized by the formation of Na-Ocarboxylate bonds, comparing to the stabilization of palladium(II) monomers 3 and 4 by hydrogen-bonding with DMF molecules. The difference in DFT calculated energy stabilization for 1 and 2 is ascribed to the type of halosubstituents and to the presence/absence of lattice water molecules in 1 and 2. The compounds show no antibacterial activity toward reference strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and no antiproliferative activity toward bladder (T24) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kodrin
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Zagreb, Horvatovac
102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maricel Rodríguez
- INQUIMAE-CONICET;
DQIAQF-FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160,
Pabellón 2, Piso 3, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nives Politeo
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Rud̵era Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Željka Soldin
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Zagreb, Horvatovac
102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Igor Kerš
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Zagreb, Horvatovac
102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Rončević
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Split, Rud̵era
Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Čikeš Čulić
- School
of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Vesna Sokol
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Rud̵era Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Fabio Doctorovich
- INQUIMAE-CONICET;
DQIAQF-FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160,
Pabellón 2, Piso 3, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Boris-Marko Kukovec
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Rud̵era Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li Y, Lee DKJ, Cai P, Zhang Z, Gorai P, Canepa P. A database of computed Raman spectra of inorganic compounds with accurate hybrid functionals. Sci Data 2024; 11:105. [PMID: 38253529 PMCID: PMC10803741 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-02924-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is widely applied in identifying local structures in materials, but the interpretation of Raman spectra is non-trivial. An accurate computational database of reference spectra calculated with a consistent level of theory can significantly aid in interpreting measured Raman spectra. Here, we present a database of Raman spectra of inorganic compounds calculated with accurate hybrid functionals in density functional theory. Raman spectra were obtained by calculating dynamical matrices and polarizability tensors for structures from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. The calculated Raman spectra and other phonon properties (e.g., infrared spectra) are stored in a MongoDB database publicly shared through a web application. We assess the accuracy of our Raman calculations by statistically comparing ~80 calculated spectra with an existing experimental Raman database. To date, the database contains 161 compounds and is continuously growing as we add more materials computed with our automated workflow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Damien K J Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prashun Gorai
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, USA
| | - Pieremanuele Canepa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mackrodt WC, Platonenko A, Pascale F, Dovesi R. The energies and charge and spin distributions in the low-lying levels of singlet and triplet N2V defects in diamond from direct variational calculations of the excited states. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:034705. [PMID: 38230814 DOI: 10.1063/5.0178893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the energies and charge and spin distributions of the low-lying excited states in singlet and triplet N2V defects in diamond from direct Δ-SCF calculations based on Gaussian orbitals within the B3LYP, PBE0, and HSE06 functionals. They assign the observed absorption at 2.463 eV, first reported by Davies et al. [Proc. R. Soc. London 351, 245 (1976)], to the excitation of a N(sp3) lone-pair electron in the singlet and triplet states, respectively, with estimates of ∼1.1 eV for that of the unpaired electrons, C(sp3). In both cases, the excited states are predicted to be highly local and strongly excitonic with 81% of the C(sp3) and 87% of the N(sp3) excited charges localized at the three C atoms nearest neighbor (nn) to the excitation sites. Also reported are the higher excited gap states of both the N lone pair and C unpaired electron. Calculated excitation energies of the bonding sp3 hybrids of the C atoms nn to the four inner atoms are close to that of the bulk, which indicates that the N2V defect is largely a local defect. The present results are in broad agreement with those reported by Udvarhelyi et al. [Phys. Rev. B 96, 155211 (2017)] from plane wave HSE06 calculations, notably for the N lone pair excitation energy, for which both predict an energy of ∼2.7 eV but with a difference of ∼0.5 eV for the excitation of the unpaired electron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William C Mackrodt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, England, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Platonenko
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV1063 Riga, Latvia
| | - Fabien Pascale
- Université de Lorraine - Nancy, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, UMR 7019, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Roberto Dovesi
- Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, Via Accademia delle Scienze, 6, 10123 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Stahl B, Bredow T. Exploiting phase transitions in catalysis: reaction ofCO2andH2on dopedVO2-polymorphs. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:145402. [PMID: 38157554 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad199d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
VO2is well known for its reversible transition between two phases with tetragonal rutile and monoclinic structure. In a previous theoretical study (Stahl and Bredow 2022ChemPhysChem23e202200131) we showed that the adsorption energy of CO is different on surfaces of the two Mo-stabilized polymorphs. This can be exploited to promote catalytic reactions by removing CO from the catalyst surface. As proof-of-principle, we investigated the hydrogenation reaction ofCO2. For this purpose, the adsorption energies ofCO2and possible intermediates and productsH2O, HCOOH,H2COand CO were calculated. Significant differences were found for the reaction energies of the hydrogenation ofCO2to formic acid and formaldehyde on the two polymorphs. This shows that it is in principle possible to alter the reaction thermodynamics by applying reaction conditions which stabilize a particular polymorph. In order to investigate the influence of the polymorph on kinetic properties, the reactions barriers of a step-wise reaction ofCO2+2H2→H2CO+H2Owas calculated using the nudged elastic band method.VO2was found to reduce the reaction barriers compared to the gas phase. Additionally, the minimum energy path of the bulk phase transition of undopedVO2was calculated using the distinguished reaction coordinate method. A catalytic cycle exploiting the phase transition is proposed based on the theoretical results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berenike Stahl
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Bredow
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mollick S, Rai S, Frentzel‐Beyme L, Kachwal V, Donà L, Schürmann D, Civalleri B, Henke S, Tan J. Unlocking Diabetic Acetone Vapor Detection by A Portable Metal-Organic Framework-Based Turn-On Optical Sensor Device. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305070. [PMID: 38032122 PMCID: PMC10811499 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite exhaled human breath having enabled noninvasive diabetes diagnosis, selective acetone vapor detection by fluorescence approach in the diabetic range (1.8-3.5 ppm) remains a long-standing challenge. A set of water-resistant luminescent metal-organic framework (MOF)-based composites have been reported for detecting acetone vapor in the diabetic range with a limit of detection of 200 ppb. The luminescent materials possess the ability to selectively detect acetone vapor from a mixture comprising nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and alcohol vapor, which are prevalent in exhaled breath. It is noteworthy that this is the first luminescent MOF material capable of selectively detecting acetone vapor in the diabetic range via a turn-on mechanism. The material can be reused within a matter of minutes under ambient conditions. Industrially pertinent electrospun luminescent fibers are likewise fabricated alongside various luminescent films for selective detection of ultratrace quantities of acetone vapor present in the air. Ab initio theoretical calculations combined with in situ synchrotron-based dosing studies uncovered the material's remarkable hypersensitivity toward acetone vapor. Finally, a freshly designed prototype fluorescence-based portable optical sensor is utilized as a proof-of-concept for the rapid detection of acetone vapor within the diabetic range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samraj Mollick
- Multifunctional Materials & Composites (MMC) LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX1UK
| | - Sujeet Rai
- Multifunctional Materials & Composites (MMC) LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX1UK
| | - Louis Frentzel‐Beyme
- Anorganische ChemieFakultät für Chemie & Chemische BiologieTec‐hnische Universität DortmundOtto‐Hahn Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Vishal Kachwal
- Multifunctional Materials & Composites (MMC) LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX1UK
| | - Lorenzo Donà
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TurinVia Pietro. Giuria 5Torino10125Italy
| | - Dagmar Schürmann
- Anorganische ChemieFakultät für Chemie & Chemische BiologieTec‐hnische Universität DortmundOtto‐Hahn Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | | | - Sebastian Henke
- Anorganische ChemieFakultät für Chemie & Chemische BiologieTec‐hnische Universität DortmundOtto‐Hahn Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Jin‐Chong Tan
- Multifunctional Materials & Composites (MMC) LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX1UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bassey EN, Seymour ID, Bocarsly JD, Keen DA, Pintacuda G, Grey CP. Superstructure and Correlated Na + Hopping in a Layered Mg-Substituted Sodium Manganate Battery Cathode are Driven by Local Electroneutrality. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:10564-10583. [PMID: 38162043 PMCID: PMC10753809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we present a variable-temperature 23Na NMR and variable-temperature and variable-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis of the local structure of a layered P2 Na-ion battery cathode material, Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2 (NMMO). For the first time, we elucidate the superstructure in this material by using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and total neutron scattering and show that this superstructure is consistent with NMR and EPR spectra. To complement our experimental data, we carry out ab initio calculations of the quadrupolar and hyperfine 23Na NMR shifts, the Na+ ion hopping energy barriers, and the EPR g-tensors. We also describe an in-house simulation script for modeling the effects of ionic mobility on variable-temperature NMR spectra and use our simulations to interpret the experimental spectra, available upon request. We find long-zigzag-type Na ordering with two different types of Na sites, one with high mobility and the other with low mobility, and reconcile the tendency toward Na+/vacancy ordering to the preservation of local electroneutrality. The combined magnetic resonance methodology for studying local paramagnetic environments from the perspective of electron and nuclear spins will be useful for examining the local structures of materials for devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Euan N. Bassey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Ieuan D. Seymour
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Joshua D. Bocarsly
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - David A. Keen
- ISIS
Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre
de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, UMR 5082 (CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon), University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
García-Blázquez MA, Esteve-Paredes JJ, Uría-Álvarez AJ, Palacios JJ. Shift Current with Gaussian Basis Sets and General Prescription for Maximally Symmetric Summations in the Irreducible Brillouin Zone. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:9416-9434. [PMID: 38096495 PMCID: PMC10753807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The bulk photovoltaic effect is an experimentally verified phenomenon by which a direct charge current is induced within a non-centrosymmetric material by light illumination. Calculations of its intrinsic contribution, the shift current, are nowadays amenable from first-principles employing plane-wave bases. In this work, we present a general method for evaluating the shift conductivity in the framework of localized Gaussian basis sets that can be employed in both the length and velocity gauges, carrying the idiosyncrasies of the quantum-chemistry approach. The (possibly magnetic) symmetry of the system is exploited in order to fold the reciprocal space summations to the representation domain, allowing us to reduce computation time and unveiling the complete symmetry properties of the conductivity tensor under general light polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. García-Blázquez
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. J. Esteve-Paredes
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. J. Uría-Álvarez
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. J. Palacios
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Isabel Lucío M, Giacalone F, La Parola V, Gámez-Valenzuela S, Muñoz-Alba F, Ruiz Delgado MC, Herrero MA, Vázquez E. A Prato Tour on Carbon Nanotubes: Raman Insights. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302476. [PMID: 37788975 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The functionalisation of carbon nanotubes has been instrumental in broadening its application field, allowing especially its use in biological studies. Although numerous covalent and non-covalent functionalisation methods have been described, the characterisation of the final materials has always been an added challenge. Among the various techniques available, Raman spectroscopy is one of the most widely used to determine the covalent functionalisation of these species. However, Raman spectroscopy is not a quantitative technique, and no studies are reported comparing its performance when the same number of functional groups are added but using completely different reactions. In this work, we have experimentally and theoretically studied the functionalisation of carbon nanotubes using two of the most commonly used reactions: 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethylene ylides and diazonium-based radical addition. The number of groups introduced onto the tubes by these reactions has been determined by different characterisation techniques. The results of this study support the idea that data obtained by Raman spectra are only helpful for comparing functionalisations produced using the same type of reaction. However, they should be carefully analysed when comparing functionalisations produced using different reaction types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Lucío
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Current affiliation: Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y, Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, Universitat de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo and INSTM UdR - Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria La Parola
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati ISMN-CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Gámez-Valenzuela
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Muñoz-Alba
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - M Carmen Ruiz Delgado
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - M Antonia Herrero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Potempa K, Deresz KA, Jankowska J, Jarzembska KN, Krówczyński A, Mikhailov A, Schaniel D, Kamiński R. Interrelations between Linkage Isomers of an Efficient Square-planar Nickel(II) Nitrite Photoswitch in the Solid State. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302629. [PMID: 37723126 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient nitrite nickel(II) photoswitch, with the 1-phenyl-2-hydroxyimino-3-[(2'-dimethylamino)ethyl]imino-1-propanone moiety used as the ancillary ligand, is reported. In the ground-state ('dark') crystal structure, the studied compound exists predominantly as the nitro-(η1 -N(O)2 ) isomer, however, traces of the exo- and endo-nitrito-(η1 -ONO) forms are detected both at 100 K (4-5 % each) and under ambient conditions (~9 % each). When excited with the 405-530 nm LED light, the nitro-to-nitrito isomerization takes place. The total conversion exceeds 90 %. The exo-nitrito linkage isomer constitutes the dominant photo-generated form, whereas the relative population of both nitrito species depends on temperature. The reaction is fully reversible and reproducible. The photo-products are stable up to 200 K. The system constitutes a good model case for the reaction mechanism studies. Thus, experimental and theoretical investigations on the photo-isomerism were conducted and are presented in detail. Eventually, the nitro→exo-nitrito→endo-nitrito reaction pathway is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Potempa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna A Deresz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Jankowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna N Jarzembska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Krówczyński
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Radosław Kamiński
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wandelt SL, Mutschke A, Khalyavin D, Calaminus R, Steinadler J, Lotsch BV, Schnick W. Combining Nitridoborates, Nitrides and Hydrides-Synthesis and Characterization of the Multianionic Sr 6 N[BN 2 ] 2 H 3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313564. [PMID: 37905748 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Multianionic metal hydrides, which exhibit a wide variety of physical properties and complex structures, have recently attracted growing interest. Here we present Sr6 N[BN2 ]2 H3 , prepared in a solid-state ampoule reaction at 800 °C, as the first combination of nitridoborate, nitride and hydride anions within a single compound. The crystal structure was solved from single-crystal X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data in space group P21 /c (no. 14), revealing a three-dimensional network of undulated layers of nitridoborate units, strontium atoms and hydride together with nitride anions. Magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR and vibrational spectroscopy in combination with quantum chemical calculations further confirm the structure model. Electrochemical measurements suggest the existence of hydride ion conductivity, allowing the hydrides to migrate along the layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia L Wandelt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Mutschke
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus in Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, TU Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), TU Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Dmitry Khalyavin
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Robert Calaminus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jennifer Steinadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina V Lotsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|