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Li X, Si Y, Liang J, Li M, Wang Z, Qin Y, Sun L. Enhancing bone regeneration and immunomodulation via gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel-encapsulated exosomes from osteogenic pre-differentiated mesenchymal stem cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:179-199. [PMID: 38838627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have emerged as promising candidates for cell-free therapy in tissue regeneration. However, the native osteogenic and angiogenic capacities of MSC-Exos are often insufficient to repair critical-sized bone defects, and the underlying immune mechanisms remain elusive. Furthermore, achieving sustained delivery and stable activity of MSC-Exos at the defect site is essential for optimal therapeutic outcomes. Here, we extracted exosomes from osteogenically pre-differentiated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) by ultracentrifugation and encapsulated them in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to construct a composite scaffold. The resulting exosome-encapsulated hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, facilitating sustained delivery of MSC-Exos. Osteogenic pre-differentiation significantly enhanced the osteogenic and angiogenic properties of MSC-Exos, promoting osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, MSC-Exos induced polarization of Raw264.7 cells from a pro-inflammatory phenotype to an anti-inflammatory phenotype under simulated inflammatory conditions, thereby creating an immune microenvironment conducive to osteogenesis. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that MSC-Exos activate the p53 pathway through targeted delivery of internal microRNAs and regulate macrophage polarization by reducing DNA oxidative damage. Our study highlights the potential of osteogenic exosome-encapsulated composite hydrogels for the development of cell-free scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yunhui Si
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Jingxian Liang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Mengsha Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Yinying Qin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Litao Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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2
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Melis S, Trompet D, Chagin AS, Maes C. Skeletal stem and progenitor cells in bone physiology, ageing and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01039-y. [PMID: 39379711 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and related progenitors with osteogenic potential, collectively termed skeletal stem and/or progenitor cells (SSPCs), are crucial for providing osteoblasts for bone formation during homeostatic tissue turnover and fracture repair. Besides mediating normal bone physiology, they also have important roles in various metabolic bone diseases, including osteoporosis. SSPCs are of tremendous interest because they represent prime future targets for osteoanabolic therapies and bone regenerative medicine. Remarkable progress has been made in characterizing various SSC and SSPC populations in postnatal bone. SSPCs exist in the periosteum and within the bone marrow stroma, including subsets localizing around arteriolar and sinusoidal blood vessels; they can display osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and/or fibroblastic potential, and exert critical haematopoiesis-supportive functions. However, much remains to be clarified. By the current markers, bona fide SSCs are commonly contained within broader SSPC populations characterized by considerable heterogeneity and overlap, whose common versus specific functions in health and disease have not been fully unravelled. Here, we review the present knowledge of the identity, fates and relationships of SSPC populations in the postnatal bone environment, their contributions to bone maintenance, the changes observed upon ageing, and the effect of metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seppe Melis
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dana Trompet
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei S Chagin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christa Maes
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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3
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Nelson TA, Tommasini S, Fretz JA. Deletion of the transcription factor EBF1 in perivascular stroma disrupts skeletal homeostasis and precipitates premature aging of the marrow microenvironment. Bone 2024; 187:117198. [PMID: 39002837 PMCID: PMC11410106 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) is a transcription factor expressed by multiple lineages of stromal cells within the bone marrow. While cultures of Ebf1-deficient cells have been demonstrated to have impaired differentiation into either the osteoblast or adipogenic lineage in vitro by several groups, in vivo there has been a nominal consequence of the loss of EBF1 on skeletal development. In this study we used Prx-cre driven deletion of Ebf1 to eliminate EBF1 from the entire mesenchymal lineage of the skeleton and resolve this discrepancy. We report here that EBF1 is expressed primarily in the Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cell (MSPC)-Adipo, MSPC-Osteo, and the Early Mesenchymal Progenitors, and that loss of EBF1 has a plethora of consequences to maintenance of the skeleton throughout adulthood. Stroma from the Prx-cre;Ebf1fl/fl bones had impaired osteogenic differentiation, an age-dependent loss of CFU-F, and elevated senescence accompanying Ebf1-deletion. New bone formation was reduced after 3 months, and resulted in a quiescent bone environment with fewer osteoblasts and an accompanied reduction in osteoclast-mediated remodeling. Consequently, bones were less ductile at a younger age, and deletion of EBF1 dramatically impaired fracture repair. Disruption of EBF1 in perivascular populations also rearranged the vascular network within these bones and disrupted cytokine signaling from key hematopoietic niches resulting in anemia, reductions in B cells, and myeloid skewing of marrow hematopoietic lineages. Mechanistically we observed disrupted BMP signaling within Ebf1-deficient progenitors with reduced SMAD1-phosphorylation, and elevated secretion of the soluble BMP-inhibitor Gremlin from the MSPC-Adipo cells. Ebf1-deficient progenitors also exhibited posttranslational suppression of glucocorticoid receptor expression. Together, these results suggest that EBF1 signaling is required for mesenchymal progenitor mobilization to maintain the adult skeleton, and that the primary action of EBF1 in the early mesenchymal lineage is to promote proliferation, and differentiation of these perivascular cells to sustain a healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A Nelson
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America
| | - Stephen Tommasini
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America
| | - Jackie A Fretz
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America.
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4
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Jin Z, Cao Y. Gremlin1: a BMP antagonist with therapeutic potential in Oncology. Invest New Drugs 2024:10.1007/s10637-024-01474-8. [PMID: 39347850 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-024-01474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Gremlins, originating from early 20th-century Western folklore, are mythical creatures known for causing mechanical malfunctions and electronic failures, aptly dubbed "little devils". Analogously, GREM1 acts like a horde of these mischievous entities by antagonizing the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP signaling) pathway or through other non-BMP dependent mechanisms (such as binding to Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) contributing to the malignant progression of various cancers. The overexpression of GREM1 promotes tumor cell growth and survival, enhances angiogenesis within the tumor microenvironment, and creates favorable conditions for tumor development and dissemination. Consequently, inhibiting the activity of GREM1 or blocking its interaction with BMP presents a promising strategy for suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. However, the role of GREM1 in cancer remains a subject of debate, with evidence suggesting both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions. Currently, several pharmaceutical companies are researching the GREM1 target, with some advancing to Phase I/II clinical trials. This article will provide a detailed overview of the GREM1 target and explore its potential role in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yanshuo Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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5
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Shi Y, Peng J, Liu M, Qi X, Li S, Li Q, Jiang Q, Zheng L, Xu J, Zhao Y, Zhang Y. Nicotinamide mononucleotide enhances fracture healing by promoting skeletal stem cell proliferation. Theranostics 2024; 14:5999-6015. [PMID: 39346542 PMCID: PMC11426247 DOI: 10.7150/thno.98149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of skeletal regeneration initiated by stem cells following injury, especially in fractures, is significantly impaired by aging and adverse factors. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a critical endogenous precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), has garnered extensive attention for its multifaceted regulatory functions in living organisms and its wide-ranging therapeutic potential. However, whether NMN contributes to trauma-induced skeletal regeneration remains unclear. Methods: The transverse femoral shaft fracture model was employed to evaluate the potential advantages of NMN administration for overall repair during the initial fracture stages in male mice through micro-CT analysis, histochemistry, and biomechanical testing. The pro-proliferative function of NMN on skeletal stem cells (SSCs) was investigated through flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, NAD content measurement, and cell proliferation assay. Results: In this study, we observed that the administration of NMN during the initial phase of fracture in mice led to a larger callus and corresponding improvement in micro-CT parameters. NMN enhances the cartilaginous component of the callus by elevating the NAD content, consequently accelerating subsequent endochondral ossification and the fracture healing process. Subsequent analyses elucidated that NMN was beneficial in promoting the expansion of diverse stem cells in vivo and in vitro potentially via modulation of the Notch signaling pathway. Moreover, the depletion of macrophages profoundly obstructs the proliferation of SSCs. Conclusion: Our discoveries provide a potential strategy for enhancing fracture healing through stimulation of callus SSC proliferation at an early stage, shedding light on the translational value of NMN as an enhancer for skeletal regeneration and highlighting the pivotal role of macrophage-stem cell interactions in governing the regenerative influence of NMN on stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
| | - Jiayin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Mengfan Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
| | - Xiling Qi
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
| | - Siyu Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
| | - Qiangqiang Li
- Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Liming Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, PR China
| | - Jiankun Xu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, PR China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai 200000, PR China
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6
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Swann JW, Zhang R, Verovskaya EV, Calero-Nieto FJ, Wang X, Proven MA, Shyu PT, Guo XE, Göttgens B, Passegué E. Inflammation perturbs hematopoiesis by remodeling specific compartments of the bone marrow niche. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.12.612751. [PMID: 39314376 PMCID: PMC11419052 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.12.612751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) are regulated by interactions with stromal cells in the bone marrow (BM) cavity, which can be segregated into two spatially defined central marrow (CM) and endosteal (Endo) compartments. However, the importance of this spatial compartmentalization for BM responses to inflammation and neoplasia remains largely unknown. Here, we extensively validate a combination of scRNA-seq profiling and matching flow cytometry isolation that reproducibly identifies 7 key CM and Endo populations across mouse strains and accurately surveys both niche locations. We demonstrate that different perturbations exert specific effects on different compartments, with type I interferon responses causing CM mesenchymal stromal cells to adopt an inflammatory phenotype associated with overproduction of chemokines modulating local monocyte dynamics in the surrounding microenvironment. Our results provide a comprehensive method for molecular and functional stromal characterization and highlight the importance of altered stomal cell activity in regulating hematopoietic responses to inflammatory challenges.
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7
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Feehan J, Tripodi N, Kondrikov D, Wijeratne T, Gimble J, Hill W, Apostolopoulos V, Duque G. Differential Responses to Aging Among the Transcriptome and Proteome of Mesenchymal Progenitor Populations. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae147. [PMID: 38837176 PMCID: PMC11369222 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The biological aging of stem cells (exhaustion) is proposed to contribute to the development of a variety of age-related conditions. Despite this, little is understood about the specific mechanisms which drive this process. In this study, we assess the transcriptomic and proteomic changes in 3 different populations of mesenchymal progenitor cells from older (50-70 years) and younger (20-40 years) individuals to uncover potential mechanisms driving stem cell exhaustion in mesenchymal tissues. To do this, we harvested primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MPCs), circulating osteoprogenitors (COP), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from younger and older donors, with an equal number of samples from men and women. These samples underwent RNA sequencing and label-free proteomic analysis, comparing the younger samples to the older ones. There was a distinct transcriptomic phenotype in the analysis of pooled older stem cells, suggestive of suppressed proliferation and differentiation; however, these changes were not reflected in the proteome of the cells. Analyzed independently, older MPCs had a distinct phenotype in both the transcriptome and proteome consistent with altered differentiation and proliferation with a proinflammatory immune shift in older adults. COP cells showed a transcriptomic shift to proinflammatory signaling but no consistent proteomic phenotype. Similarly, ADSCs displayed transcriptomic shifts in physiologies associated with cell migration, adherence, and immune activation but no proteomic change with age. These results show that there are underlying transcriptomic changes with stem cell aging that may contribute to a decline in tissue regeneration. However, the proteome of the cells was inconsistently regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Feehan
- Department of Medicine—Western Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas Tripodi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Victoria University and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dmitry Kondrikov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Tissa Wijeratne
- Department of Medicine—Western Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Victoria University and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Gimble
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - William Hill
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Victoria University and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Bone, Muscle & Geroscience Research Group, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Li N, Shi B, Li Z, Han J, Sun J, Huang H, Yallowitz AR, Bok S, Xiao S, Wu Z, Chen Y, Xu Y, Qin T, Huang R, Zheng H, Shen R, Meng L, Greenblatt MB, Xu R. Schnurri-3 inhibition rescues skeletal fragility and vascular skeletal stem cell niche pathology in the OIM model of osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone Res 2024; 12:46. [PMID: 39183236 PMCID: PMC11345453 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disorder of low bone mass and increased fracture risk due to a range of genetic variants that prominently include mutations in genes encoding type I collagen. While it is well known that OI reflects defects in the activity of bone-forming osteoblasts, it is currently unclear whether OI also reflects defects in the many other cell types comprising bone, including defects in skeletal vascular endothelium or the skeletal stem cell populations that give rise to osteoblasts and whether correcting these broader defects could have therapeutic utility. Here, we find that numbers of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and skeletal arterial endothelial cells (AECs) are augmented in Col1a2oim/oim mice, a well-studied animal model of moderate to severe OI, suggesting that disruption of a vascular SSC niche is a feature of OI pathogenesis. Moreover, crossing Col1a2oim/oim mice to mice lacking a negative regulator of skeletal angiogenesis and bone formation, Schnurri 3 (SHN3), not only corrected the SSC and AEC phenotypes but moreover robustly corrected the bone mass and spontaneous fracture phenotypes. As this finding suggested a strong therapeutic utility of SHN3 inhibition for the treatment of OI, a bone-targeting AAV was used to mediate Shn3 knockdown, rescuing the Col1a2oim/oim phenotype and providing therapeutic proof-of-concept for targeting SHN3 for the treatment of OI. Overall, this work both provides proof-of-concept for inhibition of the SHN3 pathway and more broadly addressing defects in the stem/osteoprogenitor niche as is a strategy to treat OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Baohong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Haitao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Alisha R Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Shuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zuoxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Rong Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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9
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Xing X, Li Z, Xu J, Chen AZ, Archer M, Wang Y, Xu M, Wang Z, Zhu M, Qin Q, Thottappillil N, Zhou M, James AW. Requirement of Pdgfrα+ cells for calvarial bone repair. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:791-802. [PMID: 38986535 PMCID: PMC11328938 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) is often considered as a general marker of mesenchymal cells and fibroblasts, but also shows expression in a portion of osteoprogenitor cells. Within the skeleton, Pdgfrα+ mesenchymal cells have been identified in bone marrow and periosteum of long bones, where they play a crucial role in participating in fracture repair. A similar examination of Pdgfrα+ cells in calvarial bone healing has not been examined. Here, we utilize Pdgfrα-CreERTM;mT/mG reporter animals to examine the contribution of Pdgfrα+ mesenchymal cells to calvarial bone repair through histology and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq). Results showed that Pdgfrα+ mesenchymal cells are present in several cell clusters by scRNA-Seq, and by histology a dramatic increase in Pdgfrα+ cells populated the defect site at early timepoints to give rise to healed bone tissue overtime. Notably, diphtheria toxin-mediated ablation of Pdgfrα reporter+ cells resulted in significantly impaired calvarial bone healing. Our findings suggest that Pdgfrα-expressing cells within the calvarial niche play a critical role in the process of calvarial bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xing
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Austin Z Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Mary Archer
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Mingxin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Manyu Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Qizhi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Neelima Thottappillil
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Myles Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
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10
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Farmer DT, Dukov JE, Chen HJ, Arata C, Hernandez-Trejo J, Xu P, Teng CS, Maxson RE, Crump JG. Cellular transitions during cranial suture establishment in zebrafish. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6948. [PMID: 39138165 PMCID: PMC11322166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cranial sutures separate neighboring skull bones and are sites of bone growth. A key question is how osteogenic activity is controlled to promote bone growth while preventing aberrant bone fusions during skull expansion. Using single-cell transcriptomics, lineage tracing, and mutant analysis in zebrafish, we uncover key developmental transitions regulating bone formation at sutures during skull expansion. In particular, we identify a subpopulation of mesenchyme cells in the mid-suture region that upregulate a suite of genes including BMP antagonists (e.g. grem1a) and pro-angiogenic factors. Lineage tracing with grem1a:nlsEOS reveals that this mid-suture subpopulation is largely non-osteogenic. Moreover, combinatorial mutation of BMP antagonists enriched in this mid-suture subpopulation results in increased BMP signaling in the suture, misregulated bone formation, and abnormal suture morphology. These data reveal establishment of a non-osteogenic mesenchyme population in the mid-suture region that restricts bone formation through local BMP antagonism, thus ensuring proper suture morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D'Juan T Farmer
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Jennifer E Dukov
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hung-Jhen Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Claire Arata
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jose Hernandez-Trejo
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Camilla S Teng
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Robert E Maxson
- Department of Biochemistry, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - J Gage Crump
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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11
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Clayton SW, Sebastian A, Wilson SP, Hum NR, Walk RE, Easson GWD, Vaidya R, Broz KS, Loots GG, Tang SY. Single cell RNA sequencing reveals a shift in cell function and maturation of endogenous and infiltrating cell types in response to acute intervertebral disc injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.10.607363. [PMID: 39149307 PMCID: PMC11326235 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.10.607363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration contributes to disabling back pain. Degeneration can be initiated by injury and progressively leads to irreversible cell loss and loss of IVD function. Attempts to restore IVD function through cell replacement therapies have had limited success due to knowledge gaps in critical cell populations and molecular crosstalk after injury. Here, we used single cell RNA sequencing to identify the transcriptional changes of endogenous and infiltrating IVD cell populations, as well as the potential of resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue repair. Control and Injured (needle puncture) tail IVDs were extracted from 12 week old female C57BL/6 mice 7 days post injury and clustering analyses, gene ontology, and pseudotime trajectory analyses were used to determine transcriptomic divergences in the cells of the injured IVD, while immunofluorescence was utilized to determine mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) localization. Clustering analysis revealed 11 distinct cell populations that were IVD tissue specific, immune, or vascular cells. Differential gene expression analysis determined that Outer Annulus Fibrosus, Neutrophils, Saa2-High MSCs, Macrophages, and Krt18+ Nucleus Pulposus (NP) cells were the major drivers of transcriptomic differences between Control and Injured cells. Gene ontology of DEGs suggested that the most upregulated biological pathways were angiogenesis and T cell related while wound healing and ECM regulation categories were downregulated. Pseudotime trajectory analyses revealed that cells were driven towards increased cell differentiation due to IVD injury in all IVD tissue clusters except for Krt18+ NP which remained in a less mature cell state. Saa2-High and Grem1-High MSCs populations drifted towards more IVD differentiated cells profiles with injury and localized distinctly within the IVD. This study strengthens the understanding of heterogeneous IVD cell populations response to injury and identifies targetable MSC populations for future IVD repair studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA
| | - Stephen P Wilson
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA
| | - Nicholas R Hum
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA
| | - Remy E Walk
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis MO
| | | | | | | | - Gabriela G Loots
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Simon Y Tang
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis MO
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12
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Starska-Kowarska K. Role of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Head and Neck Cancer-Regulatory Mechanisms of Tumorigenic and Immune Activity, Chemotherapy Resistance, and Therapeutic Benefits of Stromal Cell-Based Pharmacological Strategies. Cells 2024; 13:1270. [PMID: 39120301 PMCID: PMC11311692 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) entails a heterogenous neoplastic disease that arises from the mucosal epithelium of the upper respiratory system and the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, being the eighth most common cancer worldwide. It is believed that the mesenchymal/stem stromal cells (MSCs) present in the tumour milieu play a key role in the modulation of tumour initiation, development and patient outcomes; they also influence the resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, the gold standard for advanced HNC. MSCs are multipotent, heterogeneous and mobile cells. Although no MSC-specific markers exist, they can be recognized based on several others, such as CD73, CD90 and CD105, while lacking the presence of CD45, CD34, CD14 or CD11b, CD79α, or CD19 and HLA-DR antigens; they share phenotypic similarity with stromal cells and their capacity to differentiate into other cell types. In the tumour niche, MSC populations are characterized by cell quiescence, self-renewal capacity, low reactive oxygen species production and the acquisition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition properties. They may play a key role in the process of acquiring drug resistance and thus in treatment failure. The present narrative review examines the links between MSCs and HNC, as well as the different mechanisms involved in the development of resistance to current chemo-radiotherapies in HNC. It also examines the possibilities of pharmacological targeting of stemness-related chemoresistance in HNSCC. It describes promising new strategies to optimize chemoradiotherapy, with the potential to personalize patient treatment approaches, and highlights future therapeutic perspectives in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska-Kowarska
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; ; Tel.: +48-42-2725237
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, EnelMed Center Expert, Lodz, Drewnowska 58, 91-001 Lodz, Poland
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13
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Trompet D, Melis S, Chagin AS, Maes C. Skeletal stem and progenitor cells in bone development and repair. J Bone Miner Res 2024; 39:633-654. [PMID: 38696703 DOI: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Bone development, growth, and repair are complex processes involving various cell types and interactions, with central roles played by skeletal stem and progenitor cells. Recent research brought new insights into the skeletal precursor populations that mediate intramembranous and endochondral bone development. Later in life, many of the cellular and molecular mechanisms determining development are reactivated upon fracture, with powerful trauma-induced signaling cues triggering a variety of postnatal skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) residing near the bone defect. Interestingly, in this injury context, the current evidence suggests that the fates of both SSPCs and differentiated skeletal cells can be considerably flexible and dynamic, and that multiple cell sources can be activated to operate as functional progenitors generating chondrocytes and/or osteoblasts. The combined implementation of in vivo lineage tracing, cell surface marker-based cell selection, single-cell molecular analyses, and high-resolution in situ imaging has strongly improved our insights into the diversity and roles of developmental and reparative stem/progenitor subsets, while also unveiling the complexity of their dynamics, hierarchies, and relationships. Albeit incompletely understood at present, findings supporting lineage flexibility and possibly plasticity among sources of osteogenic cells challenge the classical dogma of a single primitive, self-renewing, multipotent stem cell driving bone tissue formation and regeneration from the apex of a hierarchical and strictly unidirectional differentiation tree. We here review the state of the field and the newest discoveries in the origin, identity, and fates of skeletal progenitor cells during bone development and growth, discuss the contributions of adult SSPC populations to fracture repair, and reflect on the dynamism and relationships among skeletal precursors and differentiated cell lineages. Further research directed at unraveling the heterogeneity and capacities of SSPCs, as well as the regulatory cues determining their fate and functioning, will offer vital new options for clinical translation toward compromised fracture healing and bone regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Trompet
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Seppe Melis
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrei S Chagin
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christa Maes
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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14
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Yuan G, Lin X, Liu Y, Greenblatt MB, Xu R. Skeletal stem cells in bone development, homeostasis, and disease. Protein Cell 2024; 15:559-574. [PMID: 38442300 PMCID: PMC11259547 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident stem cells are essential for development and repair, and in the skeleton, this function is fulfilled by recently identified skeletal stem cells (SSCs). However, recent work has identified that SSCs are not monolithic, with long bones, craniofacial sites, and the spine being formed by distinct stem cells. Recent studies have utilized techniques such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting, lineage tracing, and single-cell sequencing to investigate the involvement of SSCs in bone development, homeostasis, and disease. These investigations have allowed researchers to map the lineage commitment trajectory of SSCs in different parts of the body and at different time points. Furthermore, recent studies have shed light on the characteristics of SSCs in both physiological and pathological conditions. This review focuses on discussing the spatiotemporal distribution of SSCs and enhancing our understanding of the diversity and plasticity of SSCs by summarizing recent discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixin Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cell, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xixi Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cell, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ying Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cell, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ren Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cell, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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15
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Liang J, Wang J, Sui B, Tong Y, Chai J, Zhou Q, Zheng C, Wang H, Kong L, Zhang H, Bai Y. Ptip safeguards the epigenetic control of skeletal stem cell quiescence and potency in skeletogenesis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:2099-2113. [PMID: 38493069 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells remain in a quiescent state for long-term maintenance and preservation of potency; this process requires fine-tuning regulatory mechanisms. In this study, we identified the epigenetic landscape along the developmental trajectory of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in skeletogenesis governed by a key regulator, Ptip (also known as Paxip1, Pax interaction with transcription-activation domain protein-1). Our results showed that Ptip is required for maintaining the quiescence and potency of SSCs, and loss of Ptip in type II collagen (Col2)+ progenitors causes abnormal activation and differentiation of SSCs, impaired growth plate morphogenesis, and long bone dysplasia. We also found that Ptip suppressed the glycolysis of SSCs through downregulation of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (Pgk1) by repressing histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at the promoter region. Notably, inhibition of glycolysis improved the function of SSCs despite Ptip deficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to establish an epigenetic framework based on Ptip, which safeguards skeletal stem cell quiescence and potency through metabolic control. This framework is expected to improve SSC-based treatments of bone developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Bingdong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yibo Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Jihua Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Chenxi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Liang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Haojian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Yi Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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16
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Zhao L, Xiao J, Chan CKF. New evidence for the epigenetic regulation of skeletal stem cells. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:2004-2006. [PMID: 38664096 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhao
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Charles K F Chan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA.
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17
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Szeliga A, Grymowicz M, Kostrzak A, Smolarczyk R, Bala G, Smolarczyk K, Meczekalski B, Suchta K. Bone: A Neglected Endocrine Organ? J Clin Med 2024; 13:3889. [PMID: 38999458 PMCID: PMC11242793 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone has traditionally been viewed in the context of its structural contribution to the human body. Foremost providing necessary support for mobility, its roles in supporting calcium homeostasis and blood cell production are often afterthoughts. Recent research has further shed light on the ever-multifaceted role of bone and its importance not only for structure, but also as a complex endocrine organ producing hormones responsible for the autoregulation of bone metabolism. Osteocalcin is one of the most important substances produced in bone tissue. Osteocalcin in circulation increases insulin secretion and sensitivity, lowers blood glucose, and decreases visceral adipose tissue. In males, it has also been shown to enhance testosterone production by the testes. Neuropeptide Y is produced by various cell types including osteocytes and osteoblasts, and there is evidence suggesting that peripheral NPY is important for regulation of bone formation. Hormonal disorders are often associated with abnormal levels of bone turnover markers. These include commonly used bone formation markers (bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and procollagen I N-propeptide) and commonly used resorption markers (serum C-telopeptides of type I collagen, urinary N-telopeptides of type I collagen, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b). Bone, however, is not exclusively comprised of osseous tissue. Bone marrow adipose tissue, an endocrine organ often compared to visceral adipose tissue, is found between trabecula in the bone cortex. It secretes a diverse range of hormones, lipid species, cytokines, and other factors to exert diverse local and systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szeliga
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Grymowicz
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Warsaw Medical University, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kostrzak
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Roman Smolarczyk
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Warsaw Medical University, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gregory Bala
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Blazej Meczekalski
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Suchta
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Warsaw Medical University, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Patrick R, Janbandhu V, Tallapragada V, Tan SSM, McKinna EE, Contreras O, Ghazanfar S, Humphreys DT, Murray NJ, Tran YTH, Hume RD, Chong JJH, Harvey RP. Integration mapping of cardiac fibroblast single-cell transcriptomes elucidates cellular principles of fibrosis in diverse pathologies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk8501. [PMID: 38905342 PMCID: PMC11192082 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk8501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell technology has allowed researchers to probe tissue complexity and dynamics at unprecedented depth in health and disease. However, the generation of high-dimensionality single-cell atlases and virtual three-dimensional tissues requires integrated reference maps that harmonize disparate experimental designs, analytical pipelines, and taxonomies. Here, we present a comprehensive single-cell transcriptome integration map of cardiac fibrosis, which underpins pathophysiology in most cardiovascular diseases. Our findings reveal similarity between cardiac fibroblast (CF) identities and dynamics in ischemic versus pressure overload models of cardiomyopathy. We also describe timelines for commitment of activated CFs to proliferation and myofibrogenesis, profibrotic and antifibrotic polarization of myofibroblasts and matrifibrocytes, and CF conservation across mouse and human healthy and diseased hearts. These insights have the potential to inform knowledge-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Patrick
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vaibhao Janbandhu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Shannon S. M. Tan
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Emily E. McKinna
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Osvaldo Contreras
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shila Ghazanfar
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Precision Data Science Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David T. Humphreys
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Murray
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yen T. H. Tran
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Robert D. Hume
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- School of Medical Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta, The Baird Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - James J. H. Chong
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Richard P. Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
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19
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Marom R, Song IW, Busse EC, Washington ME, Berrier AS, Rossi VC, Ortinau L, Jeong Y, Jiang MM, Dawson BC, Adeyeye M, Leynes C, Lietman CD, Stroup BM, Batkovskyte D, Jain M, Chen Y, Cela R, Castellon A, Tran AA, Lorenzo I, Meyers DN, Huang S, Turner A, Shenava V, Wallace M, Orwoll E, Park D, Ambrose CG, Nagamani SC, Heaney JD, Lee BH. The IFITM5 mutation in osteogenesis imperfecta type V is associated with an ERK/SOX9-dependent osteoprogenitor differentiation defect. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e170369. [PMID: 38885336 PMCID: PMC11290974 DOI: 10.1172/jci170369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type V is the second most common form of OI, distinguished by hyperplastic callus formation and calcification of the interosseous membranes, in addition to the bone fragility. It is caused by a recurrent, dominant pathogenic variant (c.-14C>T) in interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5 (IFITM5). Here, we generated a conditional Rosa26-knockin mouse model to study the mechanistic consequences of the recurrent mutation. Expression of the mutant Ifitm5 in osteo-chondroprogenitor or chondrogenic cells resulted in low bone mass and growth retardation. Mutant limbs showed impaired endochondral ossification, cartilage overgrowth, and abnormal growth plate architecture. The cartilage phenotype correlates with the pathology reported in patients with OI type V. Surprisingly, expression of mutant Ifitm5 in mature osteoblasts caused no obvious skeletal abnormalities. In contrast, earlier expression in osteo-chondroprogenitors was associated with an increase in the skeletal progenitor cell population within the periosteum. Lineage tracing showed that chondrogenic cells expressing the mutant Ifitm5 had decreased differentiation into osteoblastic cells in diaphyseal bone. Moreover, mutant IFITM5 disrupted early skeletal homeostasis in part by activating ERK signaling and downstream SOX9 protein, and inhibition of these pathways partially rescued the phenotype in mutant animals. These data identify the contribution of a signaling defect altering osteo-chondroprogenitor differentiation as a driver in the pathogenesis of OI type V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Marom
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - I-Wen Song
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Emily C. Busse
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megan E. Washington
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ava S. Berrier
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vittoria C. Rossi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laura Ortinau
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Youngjae Jeong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ming-Ming Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian C. Dawson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mary Adeyeye
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, UT Health Houston MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carolina Leynes
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Caressa D. Lietman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bridget M. Stroup
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dominyka Batkovskyte
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mahim Jain
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Racel Cela
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexis Castellon
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alyssa A. Tran
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Isabel Lorenzo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - D. Nicole Meyers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shixia Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Huffington Department of Education, Innovation, and Technology, Advanced Technology Cores, and
| | - Alicia Turner
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vinitha Shenava
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maegen Wallace
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Eric Orwoll
- Department of Medicine, Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Dongsu Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Catherine G. Ambrose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sandesh C.S. Nagamani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason D. Heaney
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brendan H. Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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20
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Cheng CT, Vyas PS, McClain EJ, Hoelen TCA, Arts JJC, McLaughlin C, Altman DT, Yu AK, Cheng BC. The Osteogenic Peptide P-15 for Bone Regeneration: A Narrative Review of the Evidence for a Mechanism of Action. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:599. [PMID: 38927835 PMCID: PMC11200470 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11060599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex multicellular process involving the recruitment and attachment of osteoprogenitors and their subsequent differentiation into osteoblasts that deposit extracellular matrixes. There is a growing demand for synthetic bone graft materials that can be used to augment these processes to enhance the healing of bone defects resulting from trauma, disease or surgery. P-15 is a small synthetic peptide that is identical in sequence to the cell-binding domain of type I collagen and has been extensively demonstrated in vitro and in vivo to enhance the adhesion, differentiation and proliferation of stem cells involved in bone formation. These events can be categorized into three phases: attachment, activation and amplification. This narrative review summarizes the large body of preclinical research on P-15 in terms of these phases to describe the mechanism of action by which P-15 improves bone formation. Knowledge of this mechanism of action will help to inform the use of P-15 in clinical practice as well as the development of methods of delivering P-15 that optimize clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper T. Cheng
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Praveer S. Vyas
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Edward James McClain
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Thomáy-Claire Ayala Hoelen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.O. Box 616 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (T.-C.A.H.); (J.J.C.A.)
| | - Jacobus Johannes Chris Arts
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.O. Box 616 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (T.-C.A.H.); (J.J.C.A.)
| | - Colin McLaughlin
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Daniel T. Altman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA;
| | - Alexander K. Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA;
| | - Boyle C. Cheng
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
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21
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Lin P, Gan YB, He J, Lin SE, Xu JK, Chang L, Zhao LM, Zhu J, Zhang L, Huang S, Hu O, Wang YB, Jin HJ, Li YY, Yan PL, Chen L, Jiang JX, Liu P. Advancing skeletal health and disease research with single-cell RNA sequencing. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:33. [PMID: 38816888 PMCID: PMC11138034 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Orthopedic conditions have emerged as global health concerns, impacting approximately 1.7 billion individuals worldwide. However, the limited understanding of the underlying pathological processes at the cellular and molecular level has hindered the development of comprehensive treatment options for these disorders. The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has revolutionized biomedical research by enabling detailed examination of cellular and molecular diversity. Nevertheless, investigating mechanisms at the single-cell level in highly mineralized skeletal tissue poses technical challenges. In this comprehensive review, we present a streamlined approach to obtaining high-quality single cells from skeletal tissue and provide an overview of existing scRNA-seq technologies employed in skeletal studies along with practical bioinformatic analysis pipelines. By utilizing these methodologies, crucial insights into the developmental dynamics, maintenance of homeostasis, and pathological processes involved in spine, joint, bone, muscle, and tendon disorders have been uncovered. Specifically focusing on the joint diseases of degenerative disc disease, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis using scRNA-seq has provided novel insights and a more nuanced comprehension. These findings have paved the way for discovering novel therapeutic targets that offer potential benefits to patients suffering from diverse skeletal disorders.
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Grants
- 2022YFA1103202 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 82272507 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 32270887 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 32200654 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- CSTB2023NSCQ-ZDJO008 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing
- BX20220397 Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program
- SFLKF202201 Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning
- 2021-XZYG-B10 General Hospital of Western Theater Command Research Project
- 14113723 University Grants Committee, Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, China
- N_CUHK472/22 University Grants Committee, Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, China
- C7030-18G University Grants Committee, Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, China
- T13-402/17-N University Grants Committee, Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, China
- AoE/M-402/20 University Grants Committee, Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yi-Bo Gan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Si-En Lin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Jian-Kun Xu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Liang Chang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhao
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ou Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ying-Bo Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Huai-Jian Jin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yang-Yang Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Pu-Lin Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for the Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jian-Xin Jiang
- Wound Trauma Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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22
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Lu D, Zhang Y, Liang S, Li Y, Qing J, Gu L, Xu X, Wang Z, Gao X, Liu H, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Zhang P. M2 Macrophages Guide Periosteal Stromal Cell Recruitment and Initiate Bone Injury Regeneration. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1205. [PMID: 38927412 PMCID: PMC11200943 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The periosteum plays a critical role in bone repair and is significantly influenced by the surrounding immune microenvironment. In this study, we employed 10× single-cell RNA sequencing to create a detailed cellular atlas of the swine cranial periosteum, highlighting the cellular dynamics and interactions essential for cranial bone injury repair. We noted that such injuries lead to an increase in M2 macrophages, which are key in modulating the periosteum's immune response and driving the bone regeneration process. These macrophages actively recruit periosteal stromal cells (PSCs) by secreting Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), a crucial factor in initiating bone regeneration. This recruitment process emphasizes the critical role of PSCs in effective bone repair, positioning them as primary targets for therapeutic interventions. Our results indicate that enhancing the interaction between M2 macrophages and PSCs could significantly improve the outcomes of treatments aimed at cranial bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhuang Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingfei Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shimin Liang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jia Qing
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lanxin Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiuyun Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zeying Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (L.G.); (X.X.); (Z.W.); (X.G.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Digital Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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23
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Prasad P, Cancelas JA. From Marrow to Bone and Fat: Exploring the Multifaceted Roles of Leptin Receptor Positive Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2024; 13:910. [PMID: 38891042 PMCID: PMC11171870 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) stromal cell microenvironment contains non-hematopoietic stromal cells called mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are plastic adherent, form CFU-Fs, and give rise to osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic progenitors, and most importantly provide HSC niche factor chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) and stem cell factor (SCF). Different authors have defined different markers for mouse MSC identification like PDGFR+Sca-1+ subsets, Nestin+, or LepR+ cells. Of these, the LepR+ cells are the major source of SCF and CXCL12 in the BM microenvironment and play a major role in HSC maintenance and hematopoiesis. LepR+ cells give rise to most of the bones and BM adipocytes, further regulating the microenvironment. In adult BM, LepR+ cells are quiescent but after fracture or irradiation, they proliferate and differentiate into mesenchymal lineage osteogenic, adipogenic and/or chondrogenic cells. They also play a crucial role in the steady-state hematopoiesis process, as well as hematopoietic regeneration and the homing of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) after myeloablative injury and/or HSC transplantation. They line the sinusoidal cavities, maintain the trabeculae formation, and provide the space for HSC homing and retention. However, the LepR+ cell subset is heterogeneous; some subsets have higher adipogenic potential, while others express osteollineage-biased genes. Different transcription factors like Early B cell factor 3 (EBF3) or RunX2 help maintain this balance between the self-renewing and committed states, whether osteogenic or adipogenic. The study of LepR+ MSCs holds immense promise for advancing our understanding of HSC biology, tissue regeneration, metabolic disorders, and immune responses. In this review, we will discuss the origin of the BM resident LepR+ cells, different subtypes, and the role of LepR+ cells in maintaining hematopoiesis, osteogenesis, and BM adipogenesis following their multifaceted impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
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24
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Liu YL, Tang XT, Shu HS, Zou W, Zhou BO. Fibrous periosteum repairs bone fracture and maintains the healed bone throughout mouse adulthood. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1192-1209.e6. [PMID: 38554700 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Bone is regarded as one of few tissues that heals without fibrous scar. The outer layer of the periosteum is covered with fibrous tissue, whose function in bone formation is unknown. We herein developed a system to distinguish the fate of fibrous-layer periosteal cells (FL-PCs) from the skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) in the cambium-layer periosteum and bone marrow in mice. We showed that FL-PCs did not participate in steady-state osteogenesis, but formed the main body of fibrocartilaginous callus during fracture healing. Moreover, FL-PCs invaded the cambium-layer periosteum and bone marrow after fracture, forming neo-SSPCs that continued to maintain the healed bones throughout adulthood. The FL-PC-derived neo-SSPCs expressed lower levels of osteogenic signature genes and displayed lower osteogenic differentiation activity than the preexisting SSPCs. Consistent with this, healed bones were thinner and formed more slowly than normal bones. Thus, the fibrous periosteum becomes the cellular origin of bones after fracture and alters bone properties permanently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Liam Liu
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinyu Thomas Tang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hui Sophie Shu
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Weiguo Zou
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Bo O Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China.
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25
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Li PL, Chen DF, Li XT, Hao RC, Zhao ZD, Li ZL, Yin BF, Tang J, Luo YW, Wu CT, Nie JJ, Zhu H. Microgel-based carriers enhance skeletal stem cell reprogramming towards immunomodulatory phenotype in osteoarthritic therapy. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:204-220. [PMID: 38235309 PMCID: PMC10792171 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal stem cells (SSC) have gained attentions as candidates for the treatment of osteoarthritis due to their osteochondrogenic capacity. However, the immunomodulatory properties of SSC, especially under delivery operations, have been largely ignored. In the study, we found that Pdpn+ and Grem1+ SSC subpopulations owned immunoregulatory potential, and the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data suggested that the mechanical activation of microgel carriers on SSC induced the generation of Pdpn+Grem1+Ptgs2+ SSC subpopulation, which was potent at suppressing macrophage inflammation. The microgel carriers promoted the YAP nuclear translocation, and the activated YAP protein was necessary for the increased expression of Ptgs2 and PGE2 in microgels-delivered SSC, which further suppressed the expression of TNF-ɑ, IL-1β and promoted the expression of IL-10 in macrophages. SSC delivered with microgels yielded better preventive effects on articular lesions and macrophage activation in osteoarthritic rats than SSC without microgels. Chemically blocking the YAP and Ptgs2 in microgels-delivered SSC partially abolished the enhanced protection on articular tissues and suppression on osteoarthritic macrophages. Moreover, microgel carriers significantly prolonged SSC retention time in vivo without increasing SSC implanting into osteoarthritic joints. Together, our study demonstrated that microgel carriers enhanced SSC reprogramming towards immunomodulatory phenotype to regulate macrophage phenotype transformation for effectively osteoarthritic therapy by promoting YAP protein translocation into nucleus. The study not only complement and perfect the immunological mechanisms of SSC-based therapy at the single-cell level, but also provide new insight for microgel carriers in stem cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lin Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Da-Fu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Road Xinjiekou 31, Beijing, 100035, PR China
| | - Xiao-Tong Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Rui-Cong Hao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Zhi-Dong Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Road Fuxing 28, Beijing, 100853, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Bo-Feng Yin
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Yu-Wen Luo
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Road Xinjiekou 31, Beijing, 100035, PR China
| | - Chu-Tse Wu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Jing-Jun Nie
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Road Xinjiekou 31, Beijing, 100035, PR China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
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26
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Yao P, Liu X, Miao Q, Li C, Zhou H, Li H, Mao X, Fang X, Li N. Expression mapping of GREM1 and functional contribution of its secreting cells in the brain using transgenic mouse models. Exp Neurol 2024; 373:114649. [PMID: 38072150 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
GREMLIN1 (GREM1) is a secreted protein that antagonizes bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). While abnormal GREM1 expression has been reported to cause behavioral defects in postpartum mice, the spatial and cellular distribution of GREM1 in the brain and the influence of the GREM1-secreting cells on brain function and behavior remain unclear. To address this, we designed a genetic cassette incorporating a 3×Flag-TeV-HA-T2A-tdTomato sequence, resulting in the creation of a novel Grem1Tag mouse model, expressing an epitope tag (3×Flag-TeV-HA-T2A) followed by a fluorescent reporter (tdTomato) under the control of the endogenous Grem1 promoter. This design facilitated precise tracking of the cell origin and distribution of GREM1 in the brain using tdTomato and Flag (or HA) markers, respectively. We confirmed that the Grem1Tag mouse exhibited normal motor, cognitive, and social behaviors at postnatal 60 days (P60), compared with C57BL/6J controls. Through immunofluorescence staining, we comprehensively mapped the distribution of GREM1-secreting cells across the central nervous system. Pervasive GREM1 expression was observed in the cerebral cortex (Cx), medulla, pons, and cerebellum, with the highest levels in the Cx region. Notably, within the Cx, GREM1 was predominantly secreted by excitatory neurons, particularly those expressing calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (Camk2a), while inhibitory neurons (parvalbumin-positive, PV+) and glial cells (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia) showed little or no GREM1 expression. To delineate the functional significance of GREM1-secreting cells, a selective ablation at P42 using a diphtheria toxin A (DTA) system resulted in increased anxiety-like behavior and impaired memory in mice. Altogether, our study harnessing the Grem1Tag mouse model reveals the spatial and cellular localization of GREM1 in the mouse brain, shedding light on the involvement of GREM1-secreting cells in modulating brain function and behavior. Our Grem1Tag mouse serves as a valuable tool for further exploring the precise role of GREM1 in brain development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijia Yao
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; Department of Neonatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qiang Miao
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Changxue Li
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Huaixiang Zhou
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Huiliang Li
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom; China-UK Institute for Frontier Science, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Perfect Life and Health Institute, Zhongshan, 528454, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fang
- Department of Neonatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; China-UK Institute for Frontier Science, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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27
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Yang G, He Q, Guo X, Li RY, Lin J, Lang Y, Tao W, Liu W, Lin H, Xing S, Qi Y, Xie Z, Han JDJ, Zhou B, Teng Y, Yang X. Identification of the metaphyseal skeletal stem cell building trabecular bone. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl2238. [PMID: 38394209 PMCID: PMC10889359 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl2238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) that are capable of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation contribute to bone development and homeostasis. Several populations of SSCs at different skeletal sites have been reported. Here, we identify a metaphyseal SSC (mpSSC) population whose transcriptional landscape is distinct from other bone mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). These mpSSCs are marked by Sstr2 or Pdgfrb+Kitl-, located just underneath the growth plate, and exclusively derived from hypertrophic chondrocytes (HCs). These HC-derived mpSSCs have properties of self-renewal and multipotency in vitro and in vivo, producing most HC offspring postnatally. HC-specific deletion of Hgs, a component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport, impairs the HC-to-mpSSC conversion and compromises trabecular bone formation. Thus, mpSSC is the major source of BMSCs and osteoblasts in bone marrow, supporting the postnatal trabecular bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qi He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rong-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jingting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yiming Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wanyu Tao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Huisang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shilai Xing
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Big Data, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yini Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhongliang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jing-Dong J. Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
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28
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Shoshkes-Carmel M. Telocytes in the Luminal GI Tract. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:697-701. [PMID: 38342300 PMCID: PMC10958115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Telocytes are unique mesenchymal cells characterized by multiple remarkably long cytoplasmic extensions that extend hundreds of micron away from the cell body. Through these extensions, telocytes establish a 3-dimensional network by connecting with other telocytes and various cell types within the tissue. In the intestine, telocytes have emerged as an essential component of the stem cell niche, providing Wnt proteins that are critical for the proliferation of stem and progenitor cells. However, the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing has revealed other stromal populations and mechanisms for niche organization, raising questions about the role of telocytes as a component of the stem cell niche. This review explores the current state-of-the-art, existing controversies, and potential future directions related to telocytes in the luminal gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Shoshkes-Carmel
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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29
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Wu M, Wu S, Chen W, Li YP. The roles and regulatory mechanisms of TGF-β and BMP signaling in bone and cartilage development, homeostasis and disease. Cell Res 2024; 34:101-123. [PMID: 38267638 PMCID: PMC10837209 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs) and bone morphometric proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β superfamily and perform essential functions during osteoblast and chondrocyte lineage commitment and differentiation, skeletal development, and homeostasis. TGF-βs and BMPs transduce signals through SMAD-dependent and -independent pathways; specifically, they recruit different receptor heterotetramers and R-Smad complexes, resulting in unique biological readouts. BMPs promote osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and chondrogenesis at all differentiation stages, while TGF-βs play different roles in a stage-dependent manner. BMPs and TGF-β have opposite functions in articular cartilage homeostasis. Moreover, TGF-β has a specific role in maintaining the osteocyte network. The precise activation of BMP and TGF-β signaling requires regulatory machinery at multiple levels, including latency control in the matrix, extracellular antagonists, ubiquitination and phosphorylation in the cytoplasm, nucleus-cytoplasm transportation, and transcriptional co-regulation in the nuclei. This review weaves the background information with the latest advances in the signaling facilitated by TGF-βs and BMPs, and the advanced understanding of their diverse physiological functions and regulations. This review also summarizes the human diseases and mouse models associated with disordered TGF-β and BMP signaling. A more precise understanding of the BMP and TGF-β signaling could facilitate the development of bona fide clinical applications in treating bone and cartilage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Wu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shali Wu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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30
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Duque G, Feehan J, Tripodi N, Kondrikov D, Wijeratne T, Gimble J, Hill W, Apostolopoulos V. Differential responses to aging amongst the transcriptome and proteome of mesenchymal progenitor populations. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3755129. [PMID: 38168272 PMCID: PMC10760299 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3755129/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The biological aging of mesenchymal stem cells is proposed to contribute to the development of a range of musculoskeletal and systemic diseases associated with older adults, such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and frailty. Despite this, little is understood about the specific mechanisms which drive this stem cell exhaustion, with most studies evaluating indirect effects of other aging changes, such as DNA damage, senescence, and inflammaging. In this study, we assess the transcriptomic and proteomic changes in three different populations of mesenchymal progenitor cells from older (50-70 years) and younger (20-40 years) individuals to uncover potential mechanisms driving stem cell exhaustion in mesenchymal tissues. To do this, we harvested primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MPCs), circulating osteoprogenitors (COP), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from younger and older donors, with an equal number of samples from males and females. These samples underwent RNA sequencing and label-free proteomic analysis, comparing the younger samples to the older ones. There was a distinct transcriptomic phenotype associated with the pooled older stem cells, indicative of suppressed proliferation and differentiation; however, there was no consistent change in the proteome of the cells. Older MPCs had a distinct phenotype in both the transcriptome and proteome, again consistent with altered differentiation and proliferation, but also a pro-inflammatory immune shift in older adults. COP cells showed a strong transcriptomic shift to pro-inflammatory signaling but no consistent proteomic phenotype. Similarly, ADSCs displayed transcriptomic shift in physiologies associated with cell migration, adherence, and immune activation, but no consistent proteomic change with age. These results show that there are underlying transcriptomic changes with stem cell aging that likely contribute to a decline in tissue regeneration; however, contextual factors such as the microenvironment and general health status also have a strong role in this.
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31
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Steppe L, Megafu M, Tschaffon-Müller ME, Ignatius A, Haffner-Luntzer M. Fracture healing research: Recent insights. Bone Rep 2023; 19:101686. [PMID: 38163010 PMCID: PMC10757288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone has the rare capability of scarless regeneration that enables the complete restoration of the injured bone area. In recent decades, promising new technologies have emerged from basic, translational and clinical research for fracture treatment; however, 5-10 % of all bone fractures still fail to heal successfully or heal in a delayed manner. Several comorbidities and risk factors have been identified which impair bone healing and might lead to delayed bone union or non-union. Therefore, a considerable amount of research has been conducted to elucidate molecular mechanisms of successful and delayed fracture healing to gain further insights into this complex process. One focus of recent research is to investigate the complex interactions of different cell types and the action of progenitor cells during the healing process. Of particular interest is also the identification of patient-specific comorbidities and how these affect fracture healing. In this review, we discuss the recent knowledge about progenitor cells for long bone repair and the influence of comorbidities such as diabetes, postmenopausal osteoporosis, and chronic stress on the healing process. The topic selection for this review was made based on the presented studies at the 2022 annual meeting of the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) in Helsinki.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Steppe
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Megafu
- A.T. Still University Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, USA
| | | | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Germany
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32
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Xu R, Xie H, Shen X, Huang J, Zhang H, Fu Y, Zhang P, Guo S, Wang D, Li S, Zheng K, Sun W, Liu L, Cheng J, Jiang H. Impaired Efferocytosis Enables Apoptotic Osteoblasts to Escape Osteoimmune Surveillance During Aging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303946. [PMID: 37897313 PMCID: PMC10754079 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic osteoblasts (apoOBs) is a key osteoimmune process for bone homeostasis. However, apoOBs frequently accumulate in aged bone marrow, where they may mount proinflammatory responses and progressive bone loss. The reason why apoOBs are not cleared during aging remains unclear. In this study, it is demonstrated that aged apoOBs upregulate the immune checkpoint molecule CD47, which is controlled by SIRT6-regulated transcriptional pausing, to evade clearance by macrophages. Using osteoblast- and myeloid-specific gene knockout mice, SIRT6 is further revealed to be a critical modulator for apoOBs clearance via targeting CD47-SIRPα checkpoint. Moreover, apoOBs activate SIRT6-mediated chemotaxis to recruit macrophages by releasing apoptotic vesicles. Two targeting delivery strategies are developed to enhance SIRT6 activity, resulting in rejuvenated apoOBs clearance and delayed age-related bone loss. Collectively, the findings reveal a previously unknown linkage between immune surveillance and bone homeostasis and targeting the SIRT6-regulated mechanism can be a promising therapeutic strategy for age-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Hanyu Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Xin Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Jiadong Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Hengguo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Songsong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Dongmiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Sheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Wen Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Basic Science of StomatologyAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu211166China
| | - Laikui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Basic Science of StomatologyAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu211166China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210029China
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Rosen CJ, Horowitz MC. Nutrient regulation of bone marrow adipose tissue: skeletal implications of weight loss. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:626-638. [PMID: 37587198 PMCID: PMC10592027 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00879-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic component of the bone marrow, regulating skeletal remodelling and secreting paracrine and endocrine factors that can affect haematopoiesis, as well as potentially nourishing the bone marrow during periods of stress. Bone marrow adipose tissue is regulated by multiple factors, but particularly nutrient status. In this Review, we examine how bone marrow adipocytes originate, their function in normal and pathological states and how bone marrow adipose tissue modulates whole-body homoeostasis through actions on bone cells, haematopoietic stem cells and extra-medullary adipocytes during nutritional challenges. We focus on both rodent models and human studies to help understand the unique marrow adipocyte, its response to the external nutrient environment and its effects on the skeleton. We finish by addressing some critical questions that to date remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Ng JQ, Jafarov TH, Little CB, Wang T, Ali AM, Ma Y, Radford GA, Vrbanac L, Ichinose M, Whittle S, Hunter DJ, Lannagan TRM, Suzuki N, Goyne JM, Kobayashi H, Wang TC, Haynes DR, Menicanin D, Gronthos S, Worthley DL, Woods SL, Mukherjee S. Loss of Grem1-lineage chondrogenic progenitor cells causes osteoarthritis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6909. [PMID: 37907525 PMCID: PMC10618187 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterised by an irreversible degeneration of articular cartilage. Here we show that the BMP-antagonist Gremlin 1 (Grem1) marks a bipotent chondrogenic and osteogenic progenitor cell population within the articular surface. Notably, these progenitors are depleted by injury-induced OA and increasing age. OA is also caused by ablation of Grem1 cells in mice. Transcriptomic and functional analysis in mice found that articular surface Grem1-lineage cells are dependent on Foxo1 and ablation of Foxo1 in Grem1-lineage cells caused OA. FGFR3 signalling was confirmed as a promising therapeutic pathway by administration of pathway activator, FGF18, resulting in Grem1-lineage chondrocyte progenitor cell proliferation, increased cartilage thickness and reduced OA. These findings suggest that OA, in part, is caused by mechanical, developmental or age-related attrition of Grem1 expressing articular cartilage progenitor cells. These cells, and the FGFR3 signalling pathway that sustains them, may be effective future targets for biological management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Q Ng
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Toghrul H Jafarov
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher B Little
- Raymond Purves Bone & Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Abdullah M Ali
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Georgette A Radford
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Laura Vrbanac
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mari Ichinose
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Samuel Whittle
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Rheumatology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, SA, Australia
| | - David J Hunter
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamsin R M Lannagan
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nobumi Suzuki
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jarrad M Goyne
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David R Haynes
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Danijela Menicanin
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel L Worthley
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Colonoscopy Clinic, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Susan L Woods
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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Atria PJ, Castillo AB. Skeletal adaptation to mechanical cues during homeostasis and repair: the niche, cells, and molecular signaling. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1233920. [PMID: 37916223 PMCID: PMC10616261 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1233920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bones constantly change and adapt to physical stress throughout a person's life. Mechanical signals are important regulators of bone remodeling and repair by activating skeletal stem and progenitor cells (SSPCs) to proliferate and differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts using molecular signaling mechanisms not yet fully understood. SSPCs reside in a dynamic specialized microenvironment called the niche, where external signals integrate to influence cell maintenance, behavior and fate determination. The nature of the niche in bone, including its cellular and extracellular makeup and regulatory molecular signals, is not completely understood. The mechanisms by which the niche, with all of its components and complexity, is modulated by mechanical signals during homeostasis and repair are virtually unknown. This review summarizes the current view of the cells and signals involved in mechanical adaptation of bone during homeostasis and repair, with an emphasis on identifying novel targets for the prevention and treatment of age-related bone loss and hard-to-heal fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J. Atria
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alesha B. Castillo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY, United States
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36
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Li B, Li J, Fan Y, Zhao Z, Li L, Okano H, Ouchi T. Dissecting calvarial bones and sutures at single-cell resolution. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:1749-1767. [PMID: 37171117 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cranial bones constitute a protective shield for the vulnerable brain tissue, bound together as a rigid entity by unique immovable joints known as sutures. Cranial sutures serve as major growth centres for calvarial morphogenesis and have been identified as a niche for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in the craniofacial skeleton. Despite the established dogma of cranial bone and suture biology, technological advancements now allow us to investigate these tissues and structures at unprecedented resolution and embrace multiple novel biological insights. For instance, a decrease or imbalance of representation of SSCs within sutures might underlie craniosynostosis; dural sinuses enable neuroimmune crosstalk and are newly defined as immune hubs; skull bone marrow acts as a myeloid cell reservoir for the meninges and central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma in mediating immune surveillance, etc. In this review, we revisit a growing body of recent studies that explored cranial bone and suture biology using cutting-edge techniques and have expanded our current understanding of this research field, especially from the perspective of development, homeostasis, injury repair, resident MSCs/SSCs, immunosurveillance at the brain's border, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jingya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1608582, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, 3510198, Japan
| | - Takehito Ouchi
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 1010061, Japan
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37
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Brügger MD, Basler K. The diverse nature of intestinal fibroblasts in development, homeostasis, and disease. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:834-849. [PMID: 37080817 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Only in recent years have we begun to appreciate the involvement of fibroblasts in intestinal development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. These insights followed the advent of single-cell transcriptomics that allowed researchers to explore the heterogeneity of intestinal fibroblasts in unprecedented detail. Since researchers often defined cell types and their associated function based on the biological process they studied, there are a plethora of partially overlapping markers for different intestinal fibroblast populations. This ambiguity complicates putting different research findings into context. Here, we provide a census on the function and identity of intestinal fibroblasts in mouse and human. We propose a simplified framework consisting of three colonic and four small intestinal fibroblast populations to aid navigating the diversity of intestinal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael David Brügger
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Konrad Basler
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Massengale M, Massengale JL, Benson CR, Baryawno N, Oki T, Steinhauser ML, Wang A, Balani D, Oh LS, Randolph MA, Gill TJ, Kronenberg HM, Scadden DT. Adult Prg4+ progenitors repair long-term articular cartilage wounds in vivo. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167858. [PMID: 37681409 PMCID: PMC10544199 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The identity and origin of the stem/progenitor cells for adult joint cartilage repair remain unknown, impeding therapeutic development. Simulating the common therapeutic modality for cartilage repair in humans, i.e., full-thickness microfracture joint surgery, we combined the mouse full-thickness injury model with lineage tracing and identified a distinct skeletal progenitor cell type enabling long-term (beyond 7 days after injury) articular cartilage repair in vivo. Deriving from a population with active Prg4 expression in adulthood while lacking aggrecan expression, these progenitors proliferate, differentiate to express aggrecan and type II collagen, and predominate in long-term articular cartilage wounds, where they represent the principal repair progenitors in situ under native repair conditions without cellular transplantation. They originate outside the adult bone marrow or superficial zone articular cartilage. These findings have implications for skeletal biology and regenerative medicine for joint injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Massengale
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Network at Mass General Brigham, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, and
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin L. Massengale
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ninib Baryawno
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Toshihiko Oki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew L. Steinhauser
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mark A. Randolph
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas J. Gill
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - David T. Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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39
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Ruscitto A, Chen P, Tosa I, Wang Z, Zhou G, Safina I, Wei R, Morel MM, Koch A, Forman M, Reeve G, Lecholop MK, Wilson M, Bonthius D, Chen M, Ono M, Wang TC, Yao H, Embree MC. Lgr5-expressing secretory cells form a Wnt inhibitory niche in cartilage critical for chondrocyte identity. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1179-1198.e7. [PMID: 37683603 PMCID: PMC10790417 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that causes pain, degradation, and dysfunction. Excessive canonical Wnt signaling in osteoarthritis contributes to chondrocyte phenotypic instability and loss of cartilage homeostasis; however, the regulatory niche is unknown. Using the temporomandibular joint as a model in multiple species, we identify Lgr5-expressing secretory cells as forming a Wnt inhibitory niche that instruct Wnt-inactive chondroprogenitors to form the nascent synovial joint and regulate chondrocyte lineage and identity. Lgr5 ablation or suppression during joint development, aging, or osteoarthritis results in depletion of Wnt-inactive chondroprogenitors and a surge of Wnt-activated, phenotypically unstable chondrocytes with osteoblast-like properties. We recapitulate the cartilage niche and create StemJEL, an injectable hydrogel therapy combining hyaluronic acid and sclerostin. Local delivery of StemJEL to post-traumatic osteoarthritic jaw and knee joints in rabbit, rat, and mini-pig models restores cartilage homeostasis, chondrocyte identity, and joint function. We provide proof of principal that StemJEL preserves the chondrocyte niche and alleviates osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ruscitto
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Section of Growth and Development, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- Clemson University-Medical University of South Carolina Joint Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Ikue Tosa
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Section of Growth and Development, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 7008525, Japan
| | - Gan Zhou
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Section of Growth and Development, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ingrid Safina
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Section of Growth and Development, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ran Wei
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Section of Growth and Development, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mallory M Morel
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Section of Growth and Development, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alia Koch
- Section of Hospital Dentistry, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael Forman
- Section of Hospital Dentistry, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Reeve
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York Presbyterian Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael K Lecholop
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Marshall Wilson
- Clemson University-Medical University of South Carolina Joint Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Daniel Bonthius
- Clemson University-Medical University of South Carolina Joint Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- Wnt Scientific, LLC, Harlem Biospace, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Mitsuaki Ono
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 7008525, Japan; Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Implantology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 7008525, Japan
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hai Yao
- Clemson University-Medical University of South Carolina Joint Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Mildred C Embree
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Section of Growth and Development, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Hao RC, Li ZL, Wang FY, Tang J, Li PL, Yin BF, Li XT, Han MY, Mao N, Liu B, Ding L, Zhu H. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identifies a highly replicating Cd168 + skeletal stem/progenitor cell population in mouse long bones. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:702-712. [PMID: 37075860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) are tissue-specific stem/progenitor cells localized within skeletons and contribute to bone development, homeostasis, and regeneration. However, the heterogeneity of SSPC populations in mouse long bones and their respective regenerative capacity remain to be further clarified. In this study, we perform integrated analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets of mouse hindlimb buds, postnatal long bones, and fractured long bones. Our analyses reveal the heterogeneity of osteochondrogenic lineage cells and recapitulate the developmental trajectories during mouse long bone growth. In addition, we identify a novel Cd168+ SSPC population with highly replicating capacity and osteochondrogenic potential in embryonic and postnatal long bones. Moreover, the Cd168+ SSPCs can contribute to newly formed skeletal tissues during fracture healing. Furthermore, the results of multicolor immunofluorescence show that Cd168+ SSPCs reside in the superficial zone of articular cartilage as well as in growth plates of postnatal mouse long bones. In summary, we identify a novel Cd168+ SSPC population with regenerative potential in mouse long bones, which adds to the knowledge of the tissue-specific stem cells in skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Cong Hao
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Fei-Yan Wang
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Pei-Lin Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bo-Feng Yin
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Meng-Yue Han
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ning Mao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Li Ding
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Heng Zhu
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
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41
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Entessari M, Oliveira LP. Current evidence on mesenchymal stem cells for hip osteoarthritis: a narrative review. Regen Med 2023; 18:749-758. [PMID: 37496424 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There are limited data on the use of mesenchymal stem cell injections for hip osteoarthritis. The goal of this study was to evaluate the literature by analyzing outcomes and comparing methodologies. Online search of PubMed, SportsDiscus and Case Reports Keywords was completed using the keywords 'stem cells' and 'hip' and 'osteoarthritis'. Six studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five out the six studies had statistically significant improvement in patient reported outcomes after mesenchymal stem cell injections. Only two studies provided information on radiological changes and findings were positive. None of the studies reported major complications. Small series of non-randomized controlled trials completed to date in the use of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of hip osteoarthritis reported the procedures to be safe and provide a positive clinical response. Randomized controlled trials must be performed to further confirm mesenchymal stem cells as a treatment option for hip osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Entessari
- Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC2, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Leonardo P Oliveira
- Levitetz Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Blvd, Weston, FL 33331, USA
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42
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Michalski MN, Williams BO. The Past, Present, and Future of Genetically Engineered Mouse Models for Skeletal Biology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1311. [PMID: 37759711 PMCID: PMC10526739 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to create genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) has exponentially increased our understanding of many areas of biology. Musculoskeletal biology is no exception. In this review, we will first discuss the historical development of GEMMs and how these developments have influenced musculoskeletal disease research. This review will also update our 2008 review that appeared in BONEKey, a journal that is no longer readily available online. We will first review the historical development of GEMMs in general, followed by a particular emphasis on the ability to perform tissue-specific (conditional) knockouts focusing on musculoskeletal tissues. We will then discuss how the development of CRISPR/Cas-based technologies during the last decade has revolutionized the generation of GEMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N. Michalski
- Department of Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
| | - Bart O. Williams
- Department of Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
- Core Technologies and Services, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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Gao Z, Houthuijzen JM, Ten Dijke P, Brazil DP. GREM1 signaling in cancer: tumor promotor and suppressor? J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00777-4. [PMID: 37615860 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
GREMLIN1 (GREM1) is member of a family of structurally and functionally related secreted cysteine knot proteins, which act to sequester and inhibit the action of multifunctional bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). GREM1 binds directly to BMP dimers, thereby preventing BMP-mediated activation of BMP type I and type II receptors. Multiple reports identify the overexpression of GREM1 as a contributing factor in a broad range of cancers. Additionally, the GREM1 gene is amplified in a rare autosomal dominant inherited form of colorectal cancer. The inhibitory effects of GREM1 on BMP signaling have been linked to these tumor-promoting effects, including facilitating cancer cell stemness and the activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Moreover, GREM1 has been described to bind and signal to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and stimulate angiogenesis, as well as epidermal and fibroblast growth factor receptor (EGFR and FGFR) to elicit tumor-promoting effects in breast and prostate cancer, respectively. In contrast, a 2022 report revealed that GREM1 can promote an epithelial state in pancreatic cancers, thereby inhibiting pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. In this commentary, we will review these disparate findings and attempt to provide clarity around the role of GREM1 signaling in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Gao
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Julia M Houthuijzen
- Oncode Institute, Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Derek P Brazil
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Onodera S, Azuma T. Hedgehog-Related Mutation Causes Bone Malformations with or without Hereditary Gene Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12903. [PMID: 37629084 PMCID: PMC10454035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) family consists of numerous signaling mediators that play important roles at various stages of development. Thus, the Hh pathway is essential for bone tissue development and tumorigenesis. Gorlin syndrome is a skeletal and tumorigenic disorder caused by gain-of-function mutations in Hh signaling. In this review, we first present the phenotype of Gorlin syndrome and the relationship between genotype and phenotype in bone and craniofacial tissues, including the causative gene as well as other Hh-related genes. Next, the importance of new diagnostic methods using next-generation sequencing and multiple gene panels will be discussed. We summarize Hh-related genetic disorders, including cilia disease, and the genetics of Hh-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Onodera
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
| | - Toshifumi Azuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
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45
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Xiang J, Guo J, Zhang S, Wu H, Chen YG, Wang J, Li B, Liu H. A stromal lineage maintains crypt structure and villus homeostasis in the intestinal stem cell niche. BMC Biol 2023; 21:169. [PMID: 37553612 PMCID: PMC10408166 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nutrient-absorbing villi of small intestines are renewed and repaired by intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which reside in a well-organized crypt structure. Genetic studies have shown that Wnt molecules secreted by telocytes, Gli1+ stromal cells, and epithelial cells are required for ISC proliferation and villus homeostasis. Intestinal stromal cells are heterogeneous and single-cell profiling has divided them into telocytes/subepithelial myofibroblasts, myocytes, pericytes, trophocytes, and Pdgfralow stromal cells. Yet, the niche function of these stromal populations remains incompletely understood. RESULTS We show here that a Twist2 stromal lineage, which constitutes the Pdgfralow stromal cell and trophocyte subpopulations, maintains the crypt structure to provide an inflammation-restricting niche for regenerating ISCs. Ablating Twist2 lineage cells or deletion of one Wntless allele in these cells disturbs the crypt structure and impairs villus homeostasis. Upon radiation, Wntless haplo-deficiency caused decreased production of anti-microbial peptides and increased inflammation, leading to defective ISC proliferation and crypt regeneration, which were partially rescued by eradication of commensal bacteria. In addition, we show that Wnts secreted by Acta2+ subpopulations also play a role in crypt regeneration but not homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ISCs may require different niches for villus homeostasis and regeneration and that the Twist2 lineage cells may help to maintain a microbe-restricted environment to allow ISC-mediated crypt regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnan Xiang
- The Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, China
| | - Jigang Guo
- The Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, China
| | - Shaoyang Zhang
- The Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, China
| | - Hongguang Wu
- The Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baojie Li
- The Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, China.
| | - Huijuan Liu
- The Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, China.
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Xu R, Li N, Shi B, Li Z, Han J, Sun J, Yallowitz A, Bok S, Xiao S, Wu Z, Chen Y, Xu Y, Qin T, Lin Z, Zheng H, Shen R, Greenblatt M. Schnurri-3 inhibition rescues skeletal fragility and vascular skeletal stem cell niche pathology in a mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3153957. [PMID: 37546916 PMCID: PMC10402191 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3153957/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disorder of low bone mass and increased fracture risk due to a range of genetic variants that prominently include mutations in genes encoding type collagen. While it is well known that OI reflects defects in the activity of bone-forming osteoblasts, it is currently unclear whether OI also reflects defects in the many other cell types comprising bone, including defects in skeletal vascular endothelium or the skeletal stem cell populations that give rise to osteoblasts and whether correcting these broader defects could have therapeutic utility. Here, we find that numbers of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and skeletal arterial endothelial cells (AECs) are augmented in Col1a2oim/oim mice, a well-studied animal model of moderate to severe OI, suggesting that disruption of a vascular SSC niche is a feature of OI pathogenesis. Moreover, crossing Col1a2oim/oim mice to mice lacking a negative regulator of skeletal angiogenesis and bone formation, Schnurri 3 (SHN3), not only corrected the SSC and AEC phenotypes but moreover robustly corrected the bone mass and spontaneous fracture phenotypes. As this finding suggested a strong therapeutic utility of SHN3 inhibition for the treatment of OI, a bone-targeting AAV was used to mediate Shn3 knockdown, rescuing the Col1a2oim/oim phenotype and providing therapeutic proof-of-concept for targeting SHN3 for the treatment of OI. Overall, this work both provides proof-of-concept for inhibition of the SHN3 pathway and more broadly addressing defects in the stem/osteoprogentior niche as is a strategy to treat OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University
| | | | | | - Zan Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University
| | | | - Jun Sun
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University
| | | | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shuang Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
| | - Zouxing Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
| | | | - Yan Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Zhiming Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
| | - Haiping Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
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Shen F, Huang X, He G, Shi Y. The emerging studies on mesenchymal progenitors in the long bone. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:105. [PMID: 37301964 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal progenitors (MPs) are considered to play vital roles in bone development, growth, bone turnover, and repair. In recent years, benefiting from advanced approaches such as single-cell sequence, lineage tracing, flow cytometry, and transplantation, multiple MPs are identified and characterized in several locations of bone, including perichondrium, growth plate, periosteum, endosteum, trabecular bone, and stromal compartment. However, although great discoveries about skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and progenitors are present, it is still largely obscure how the varied landscape of MPs from different residing sites diversely contribute to the further differentiation of osteoblasts, osteocytes, chondrocytes, and other stromal cells in their respective destiny sites during development and regeneration. Here we discuss recent findings on MPs' origin, differentiation, and maintenance during long bone development and homeostasis, providing clues and models of how the MPs contribute to bone development and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guangxu He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, NO. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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48
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Wu S, Ohba S, Matsushita Y. Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals the Skeletal Cellular Dynamics in Bone Repair and Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9814. [PMID: 37372962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone is an important organ that performs various functions, and the bone marrow inside the skeleton is composed of a complex intermix of hematopoietic, vascular, and skeletal cells. Current single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has revealed heterogeneity and sketchy differential hierarchy of skeletal cells. Skeletal stem and progenitor cells (SSPCs) are located upstream of the hierarchy and differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and bone marrow adipocytes. In the bone marrow, multiple types of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), which have the potential of SSPCs, are spatiotemporally located in distinct areas, and SSPCs' potential shift of BMSCs may occur with the advancement of age. These BMSCs contribute to bone regeneration and bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. In vivo lineage-tracing technologies show that various types of skeletal lineage cells concomitantly gather and contribute to bone regeneration. In contrast, these cells differentiate into adipocytes with aging, leading to senile osteoporosis. scRNA-seq analysis has revealed that alteration in the cell-type composition is a major cause of tissue aging. In this review, we discuss the cellular dynamics of skeletal cell populations in bone homeostasis, regeneration, and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixun Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsushita
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
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Root SH, Vrhovac Madunic I, Kronenberg MS, Cao Y, Novak S, Kalajzic I. Lineage Tracing of RGS5-CreER-Labeled Cells in Long Bones During Homeostasis and Injury. Stem Cells 2023; 41:493-504. [PMID: 36888549 PMCID: PMC10183968 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling 5 (RGS5) is a GTPase activator for heterotrimeric G-protein α-subunits, shown to be a marker of pericytes. Bone marrow stromal cell population (BMSCs) is heterogeneous. Populations of mesenchymal progenitors, cells supportive of hematopoiesis, and stromal cells regulating bone remodeling have been recently identified. Periosteal and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are participating in fracture healing, but it is difficult to distinguish the source of cells within the callus. Considering that perivascular cells exert osteoprogenitor potential, we generated an RGS5 transgenic mouse model (Rgs5-CreER) which when crossed with Ai9 reporter animals (Rgs5/Tomato), is suitable for lineage tracing during growth and post-injury. Flow cytometry analysis and histology confirmed the presence of Rgs5/Tomato+ cells within CD31+ endothelial, CD45+ hematopoietic, and CD31-CD45- mesenchymal/perivascular cells. A tamoxifen chase showed expansion of Rgs5/Tomato+ cells expressing osterix within the trabeculae positioned between mineralized matrix and vasculature. Long-term chase showed proportion of Rgs5/Tomato+ cells contributes to mature osteoblasts expressing osteocalcin. Following femoral fracture, Rgs5/Tomato+ cells are observed around newly formed bone within the BM cavity and expressed osterix and osteocalcin, while contribution within periosteum was low and limited to fibroblastic callus with very few positive chondrocytes. In addition, BM injury model confirmed that RGS5-Cre labels population of BMSCs expands during injury and participates in osteogenesis. Under homeostatic conditions, lineage-traced RGS5 cells within the trabecular area demonstrate osteoprogenitor capacity that in an injury model contributes to new bone formation primarily within the BM niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra H Root
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ivana Vrhovac Madunic
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mark S Kronenberg
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ye Cao
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sanja Novak
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ivo Kalajzic
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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50
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Otani S, Ohnuma M, Ito K, Matsushita Y. Cellular dynamics of distinct skeletal cells and the development of osteosarcoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1181204. [PMID: 37229448 PMCID: PMC10203529 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1181204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone contributes to the maintenance of vital biological activities. At the cellular level, multiple types of skeletal cells, including skeletal stem and progenitor cells (SSPCs), osteoblasts, chondrocytes, marrow stromal cells, and adipocytes, orchestrate skeletal events such as development, aging, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant tumor and the main form of bone cancer. Although it has been proposed that the cellular origins of OS are in osteogenesis-related skeletal lineage cells with cancer suppressor gene mutations, its origins have not yet been fully elucidated because of a poor understanding of whole skeletal cell diversity and dynamics. Over the past decade, the advent and development of single-cell RNA sequencing analyses and mouse lineage-tracing approaches have revealed the diversity of skeletal stem and its lineage cells. Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in the bone marrow endoskeletal region have now been found to efficiently generate OS and to be robust cells of origin under p53 deletion conditions. The identification of SSCs may lead to a more limited redefinition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs), and this population has been thought to contain cells from which OS originates. In this mini-review, we discuss the cellular diversity and dynamics of multiple skeletal cell types and the origin of OS in the native in vivo environment in mice. We also discuss future challenges in the study of skeletal cells and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Otani
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ohnuma
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oral Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kosei Ito
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsushita
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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