1
|
Wang J, Zhang Q, Fu H, Han Y, Li X, Zou Q, Yuan S, Sun L. ASCT2 Regulates Fatty Acid Metabolism to Trigger Glutamine Addiction in Basal-like Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3028. [PMID: 39272886 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
As a crucial amino acid, glutamine can provide the nitrogen and carbon sources needed to support cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, different types of breast cancer have different dependences on glutamine. This research shows that basal-like breast cancer depends on glutamine, while the other types of breast cancer may be more dependent on glucose. Glutamine transporter ASCT2 is highly expressed in various cancers and significantly promotes the growth of breast cancer. However, the key regulatory mechanism of ASCT2 in promoting basal-like breast cancer progression remains unclear. Our research demonstrates the significant change in fatty acid levels caused by ASCT2, which may be a key factor in glutamine sensitivity. This phenomenon results from the mutual activation between ASCT2-mediated glutamine transport and lipid metabolism via the nuclear receptor PPARα. ASCT2 cooperatively promoted PPARα expression, leading to the upregulation of lipid metabolism. Moreover, we also found that C118P could inhibit lipid metabolism by targeting ASCT2. More importantly, this research identifies a potential avenue of evidence for the prevention and early intervention of basal-like breast cancer by blocking the glutamine-lipid feedback loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huaizi Fu
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Han
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue Li
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qianlin Zou
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li Sun
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tamir TY, Chaudhary S, Li AX, Trojan SE, Flower CT, Vo P, Cui Y, Davis JC, Mukkamala RS, Venditti FN, Hillis AL, Toker A, Vander Heiden MG, Spinelli JB, Kennedy NJ, Davis RJ, White FM. Structural and systems characterization of phosphorylation on metabolic enzymes identifies sex-specific metabolic reprogramming in obesity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.28.609894. [PMID: 39257804 PMCID: PMC11383994 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.609894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Coordination of adaptive metabolism through cellular signaling networks and metabolic response is essential for balanced flow of energy and homeostasis. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation offer a rapid, efficient, and dynamic mechanism to regulate metabolic networks. Although numerous phosphorylation sites have been identified on metabolic enzymes, much remains unknown about their contribution to enzyme function and systemic metabolism. In this study, we stratify phosphorylation sites on metabolic enzymes based on their location with respect to functional and dimerization domains. Our analysis reveals that the majority of published phosphosites are on oxidoreductases, with particular enrichment of phosphotyrosine (pY) sites in proximity to binding domains for substrates, cofactors, active sites, or dimer interfaces. We identify phosphosites altered in obesity using a high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity model coupled to multiomics, and interrogate the functional impact of pY on hepatic metabolism. HFD induced dysregulation of redox homeostasis and reductive metabolism at the phosphoproteome and metabolome level in a sex-specific manner, which was reversed by supplementing with the antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis identified pY sites that predict HFD or BHA induced changes of redox metabolites. We characterize predictive pY sites on glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), and uridine monophosphate synthase (UMPS) using CRISPRi-rescue and stable isotope tracing. Our analysis revealed that sites on GSTP1 and UMPS inhibit enzyme activity while the pY site on IDH1 induces activity to promote reductive carboxylation. Overall, our approach provides insight into the convergence points where cellular signaling fine-tunes metabolism. Summary Statement By employing a multi-disciplinary approach we stratify structural features of phosphorylation sites on metabolic enzymes, map the systems level changes induced by obesity, identify key pathways with sex specific phosphoproteomic responses, and validate the functional role of phosphorylation sites for select enzymes.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu G, Li T, Chen Y, Ye S, Zhou S, Tian X, Anwaier A, Zhu S, Xu W, Hao X, Ye D, Zhang H. Deciphering glutamine metabolism patterns for malignancy and tumor microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:152. [PMID: 38970690 PMCID: PMC11227463 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancer characterized by metabolic reprogramming. Glutamine metabolism is pivotal in metabolic reprogramming, contributing to the significant heterogeneity observed in ccRCC. Consequently, developing prognostic markers associated with glutamine metabolism could enhance personalized treatment strategies for ccRCC patients. This study obtained RNA sequencing and clinical data from 763 ccRCC cases sourced from multiple databases. Consensus clustering of 74 glutamine metabolism related genes (GMRGs)- profiles stratified the patients into three clusters, each of which exhibited distinct prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and biological characteristics. Then, six genes (SMTNL2, MIOX, TMEM27, SLC16A12, HRH2, and SAA1) were identified by machine-learning algorithms to develop a predictive signature related to glutamine metabolism, termed as GMRScore. The GMRScore showed significant differences in clinical prognosis, expression profile of immune checkpoints, abundance of immune cells, and immunotherapy response of ccRCC patients. Besides, the nomogram incorporating the GMRScore and clinical features showed strong predictive performance in prognosis of ccRCC patients. ALDH18A1, one of the GRMGs, exhibited elevated expression level in ccRCC and was related to markedly poorer prognosis in the integrated cohort, validated by proteomic profiling of 232 ccRCC samples from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC). Conducting western blotting, CCK-8, transwell, and flow cytometry assays, we found the knockdown of ALDH18A1 in ccRCC significantly promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in two human ccRCC cell lines (786-O and 769-P). In conclusion, we developed a glutamine metabolism-related prognostic signature in ccRCC, which is tightly linked to the tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy response, potentially facilitating precision therapy for ccRCC patients. Additionally, this study revealed the key role of ALDH18A1 in promoting ccRCC progression for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gengrun Wu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanbiao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Tian
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihetaimujiang Anwaier
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxuan Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohang Hao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Benej M, Papandreou I, Denko NC. Hypoxic adaptation of mitochondria and its impact on tumor cell function. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 100:28-38. [PMID: 38556040 PMCID: PMC11320707 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major sink for oxygen in the cell, consuming it during ATP production. Therefore, when environmental oxygen levels drop in the tumor, significant adaptation is required. Mitochondrial activity is also a major producer of biosynthetic precursors and a regulator of cellular oxidative and reductive balance. Because of the complex biochemistry, mitochondrial adaptation to hypoxia occurs through multiple mechanisms and has significant impact on other cellular processes such as macromolecule synthesis and gene regulation. In tumor hypoxia, mitochondria shift their location in the cell and accelerate the fission and quality control pathways. Hypoxic mitochondria also undergo significant changes to fundamental metabolic pathways of carbon metabolism and electron transport. These metabolic changes further impact the nuclear epigenome because mitochondrial metabolites are used as enzymatic substrates for modifying chromatin. This coordinated response delivers physiological flexibility and increased tumor cell robustness during the environmental stress of low oxygen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Benej
- Department of Radiation Oncology, OSU Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ioanna Papandreou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, OSU Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas C Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, OSU Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Coffey NJ, Simon MC. Metabolic alterations in hereditary and sporadic renal cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:233-250. [PMID: 38253811 PMCID: PMC11165401 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Kidney cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer in the world, and its incidence is on the rise. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form and is a heterogeneous disease comprising three major subtypes that vary in their histology, clinical course and driver mutations. These subtypes include clear cell RCC, papillary RCC and chromophobe RCC. Molecular analyses of hereditary and sporadic forms of RCC have revealed that this complex and deadly disease is characterized by metabolic pathway alterations in cancer cells that lead to deregulated oxygen and nutrient sensing, as well as impaired tricarboxylic acid cycle activity. These metabolic changes facilitate tumour growth and survival. Specifically, studies of the metabolic features of RCC have led to the discovery of oncometabolites - fumarate and succinate - that can promote tumorigenesis, moonlighting functions of enzymes, and substrate auxotrophy owing to the disruption of pathways that enable the production of arginine and cholesterol. These metabolic alterations within RCC can be exploited to identify new therapeutic targets and interventions, in combination with novel approaches that minimize the systemic toxicity of metabolic inhibitors and reduce the risk of drug resistance owing to metabolic plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Coffey
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Grimm F, Asuaje A, Jain A, Silva Dos Santos M, Kleinjung J, Nunes PM, Gehrig S, Fets L, Darici S, MacRae JI, Anastasiou D. Metabolic priming by multiple enzyme systems supports glycolysis, HIF1α stabilisation, and human cancer cell survival in early hypoxia. EMBO J 2024; 43:1545-1569. [PMID: 38485816 PMCID: PMC11021510 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00065-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to chronic hypoxia occurs through changes in protein expression, which are controlled by hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and are necessary for cancer cell survival. However, the mechanisms that enable cancer cells to adapt in early hypoxia, before the HIF1α-mediated transcription programme is fully established, remain poorly understood. Here we show in human breast cancer cells, that within 3 h of hypoxia exposure, glycolytic flux increases in a HIF1α-independent manner but is limited by NAD+ availability. Glycolytic ATP maintenance and cell survival in early hypoxia rely on reserve lactate dehydrogenase A capacity as well as the activity of glutamate-oxoglutarate transaminase 1 (GOT1), an enzyme that fuels malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1)-derived NAD+. In addition, GOT1 maintains low α-ketoglutarate levels, thereby limiting prolyl hydroxylase activity to promote HIF1α stabilisation in early hypoxia and enable robust HIF1α target gene expression in later hypoxia. Our findings reveal that, in normoxia, multiple enzyme systems maintain cells in a primed state ready to support increased glycolysis and HIF1α stabilisation upon oxygen limitation, until other adaptive processes that require more time are fully established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Grimm
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Agustín Asuaje
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Aakriti Jain
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Mariana Silva Dos Santos
- Metabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Jens Kleinjung
- Computational Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Patrícia M Nunes
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Stefanie Gehrig
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Louise Fets
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Salihanur Darici
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - James I MacRae
- Metabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Dimitrios Anastasiou
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He H, Xie Y, Song F, Feng Z, Rong P. Radiogenomic analysis based on lipid metabolism-related subset for non-invasive prediction for prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma. Eur J Radiol 2024; 175:111433. [PMID: 38554673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple lipid metabolism pathways alterations are associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) development and aggressiveness. In this study, we aim to develop a novel radiogenomics signature based on lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) that may accurately predict ccRCC patients' survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, 327 ccRCC were used to screen survival-related LMRGs and construct a gene signature based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, 182 ccRCC were analyzed to establish radiogenomics signature linking LMRGs signature to radiomic features in The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) database included enhanced CT images and transcriptome sequencing data. Lastly, we validated the prognostic power of the identified radiogenomics signature using these patients of TCIA and the Third Xiangya Hospital. RESULTS We identified the LMRGs signature, consisting of 13 genes, which could efficiently discriminate between low-risk and high-risk patients and serve as an independent and reliable predictor of overall survival (OS). Radiogenomics signature, comprised of 9 radiomic features, was created and could accurately predict the expression level of LMRGs signature (low- or high-risk) for patients. The predictive performance of this radiogenomics signature was demonstrated through AUC values of 0.75 and 0.74 for the training and validation sets (at a ratio of 7:3), respectively. Radiogenomics signature was proven to be an independent risk factor for OS by multivariable analysis (HR = 4.98, 95 % CI:1.72-14.43, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The LMRGs radiogenomics signature could serve as a novel prognostic predictor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng He
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongzhi Xie
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fulong Song
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhichao Feng
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He Q, Yu T, Chen J, Liang J, Lin D, Yan K, Xie Z, Song Y, Chen Z. Enhancement of de novo lipogenesis by the IDH1 and IDH2-dependent reverse TCA cycle maintains the growth and angiogenic capacity of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells under hypoxia. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:327-342. [PMID: 38281628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a dynamic role in maintaining the structure and function of blood vessels. But how these cells maintain their growth and angiogenic capacity under bone marrow hypoxic niche is still unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanisms from a perspective of cellular metabolism. METHODS XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer was used to analyze the metabolic status of EPCs. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to trace the carbon movement of 13C-labeled glucose and glutamine under 1 % O2 (hypoxia) and ∼20 % O2 (normoxia). Moreover, RNA interference, targeting isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) and IDH2, was used to inhibit the reverse tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and analyze metabolic changes via isotope tracing as well as changes in cell growth and angiogenic potential under hypoxia. The therapeutic potential of EPCs under hypoxia was investigated in the ischemic hindlimb model. RESULTS Compared with normoxic cells, hypoxic cells showed increased glycolysis and decreased mitochondrial respiration. Isotope metabolic tracing revealed that under hypoxia, the forward TCA cycle was decreased and the reverse TCA cycle was enhanced, mediating the conversion of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) into isocitrate/citrate, and de novo lipid synthesis was promoted. Downregulation of IDH1 or IDH2 under hypoxia suppressed the reverse TCA cycle, attenuated de novo lipid synthesis (DNL), elevated α-KG levels, and decreased the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), eventually inhibiting the growth and angiogenic capacity of EPCs. Importantly, the transplantation of hypoxia-cultured EPCs in a mouse model of limb ischemia promoted new blood vessel regeneration and blood supply recovery in the ischemic area better than the transplantation of normoxia-cultured EPCs. CONCLUSIONS Under hypoxia, the IDH1- and IDH2-mediated reverse TCA cycle promotes glutamine-derived de novo lipogenesis and stabilizes the expression of α-KG and HIF-1α, thereby enhancing the growth and angiogenic capacity of EPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei He
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Tiantian Yu
- Metabolic Innovation Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxiong Chen
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jianli Liang
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Dongni Lin
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Kaihao Yan
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zijing Xie
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yuqi Song
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhenzhou Chen
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sainero-Alcolado L, Garde-Lapido E, Snaebjörnsson MT, Schoch S, Stevens I, Ruiz-Pérez MV, Dyrager C, Pelechano V, Axelson H, Schulze A, Arsenian-Henriksson M. Targeting MYC induces lipid droplet accumulation by upregulation of HILPDA in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310479121. [PMID: 38335255 PMCID: PMC10873620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310479121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is critical during clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumorigenesis, manifested by accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs), organelles that have emerged as new hallmarks of cancer. Yet, regulation of their biogenesis is still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that MYC inhibition in ccRCC cells lacking the von Hippel Lindau (VHL) gene leads to increased triglyceride content potentiating LD formation in a glutamine-dependent manner. Importantly, the concurrent inhibition of MYC signaling and glutamine metabolism prevented LD accumulation and reduced tumor burden in vivo. Furthermore, we identified the hypoxia-inducible lipid droplet-associated protein (HILPDA) as the key driver for induction of MYC-driven LD accumulation and demonstrated that conversely, proliferation, LD formation, and tumor growth are impaired upon its downregulation. Finally, analysis of ccRCC tissue as well as healthy renal control samples postulated HILPDA as a specific ccRCC biomarker. Together, these results provide an attractive approach for development of alternative therapeutic interventions for the treatment of this type of renal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Sainero-Alcolado
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Biomedicum B7, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | - Elisa Garde-Lapido
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Biomedicum B7, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | | | - Sarah Schoch
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund22100, Sweden
| | - Irene Stevens
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | - María Victoria Ruiz-Pérez
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Biomedicum B7, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | - Christine Dyrager
- Department of Chemistry-Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala75123, Sweden
| | - Vicent Pelechano
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | - Håkan Axelson
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund22100, Sweden
| | - Almut Schulze
- Division of Tumor Metabolism and Microenvironment, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Marie Arsenian-Henriksson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Biomedicum B7, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lawrence ES, Gu W, Bohlender RJ, Anza-Ramirez C, Cole AM, Yu JJ, Hu H, Heinrich EC, O’Brien KA, Vasquez CA, Cowan QT, Bruck PT, Mercader K, Alotaibi M, Long T, Hall JE, Moya EA, Bauk MA, Reeves JJ, Kong MC, Salem RM, Vizcardo-Galindo G, Macarlupu JL, Figueroa-Mujíca R, Bermudez D, Corante N, Gaio E, Fox KP, Salomaa V, Havulinna AS, Murray AJ, Malhotra A, Powel FL, Jain M, Komor AC, Cavalleri GL, Huff CD, Villafuerte FC, Simonson TS. Functional EPAS1/ HIF2A missense variant is associated with hematocrit in Andean highlanders. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj5661. [PMID: 38335297 PMCID: PMC10857371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj5661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor pathway genes are linked to adaptation in both human and nonhuman highland species. EPAS1, a notable target of hypoxia adaptation, is associated with relatively lower hemoglobin concentration in Tibetans. We provide evidence for an association between an adaptive EPAS1 variant (rs570553380) and the same phenotype of relatively low hematocrit in Andean highlanders. This Andean-specific missense variant is present at a modest frequency in Andeans and absent in other human populations and vertebrate species except the coelacanth. CRISPR-base-edited human cells with this variant exhibit shifts in hypoxia-regulated gene expression, while metabolomic analyses reveal both genotype and phenotype associations and validation in a lowland population. Although this genocopy of relatively lower hematocrit in Andean highlanders parallels well-replicated findings in Tibetans, it likely involves distinct pathway responses based on a protein-coding versus noncoding variants, respectively. These findings illuminate how unique variants at EPAS1 contribute to the same phenotype in Tibetans and a subset of Andean highlanders despite distinct evolutionary trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah S. Lawrence
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wanjun Gu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan J. Bohlender
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cecilia Anza-Ramirez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Amy M. Cole
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James J. Yu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erica C. Heinrich
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Katie A. O’Brien
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Carlos A. Vasquez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Quinn T. Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Patrick T. Bruck
- Department of Anthropology and Global Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kysha Mercader
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mona Alotaibi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tao Long
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sapient Bioanalytics, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - James E. Hall
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Esteban A. Moya
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marco A. Bauk
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Reeves
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell C. Kong
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rany M. Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gustavo Vizcardo-Galindo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Jose-Luis Macarlupu
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Rómulo Figueroa-Mujíca
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Daniela Bermudez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Noemi Corante
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Eduardo Gaio
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Respiratória, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Keolu P. Fox
- Department of Anthropology and Global Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM-HiLIFE), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew J. Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Frank L. Powel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sapient Bioanalytics, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexis C. Komor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gianpiero L. Cavalleri
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chad D. Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francisco C. Villafuerte
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Tatum S. Simonson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Peng X, Li Y, Wei S, He G, Liu J, Li X, Yang S, Li D, Lin W, Fang J, Yang L, Li H. Glutamine addiction in tumor cell: oncogene regulation and clinical treatment. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:12. [PMID: 38172980 PMCID: PMC10763057 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
After undergoing metabolic reprogramming, tumor cells consume additional glutamine to produce amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids, and other substances to facilitate their unlimited proliferation. As such, the metabolism of glutamine is intricately linked to the survival and progression of cancer cells. Consequently, targeting the glutamine metabolism presents a promising strategy to inhibit growth of tumor cell and cancer development. This review describes glutamine uptake, metabolism, and transport in tumor cells and its pivotal role in biosynthesis of amino acids, fatty acids, nucleotides, and more. Furthermore, we have also summarized the impact of oncogenes like C-MYC, KRAS, HIF, and p53 on the regulation of glutamine metabolism and the mechanisms through which glutamine triggers mTORC1 activation. In addition, role of different anti-cancer agents in targeting glutamine metabolism has been described and their prospective applications are assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xueqiang Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Guangpeng He
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Dai Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Weikai Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jianjun Fang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Demicco M, Liu XZ, Leithner K, Fendt SM. Metabolic heterogeneity in cancer. Nat Metab 2024; 6:18-38. [PMID: 38267631 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells rewire their metabolism to survive during cancer progression. In this context, tumour metabolic heterogeneity arises and develops in response to diverse environmental factors. This metabolic heterogeneity contributes to cancer aggressiveness and impacts therapeutic opportunities. In recent years, technical advances allowed direct characterisation of metabolic heterogeneity in tumours. In addition to the metabolic heterogeneity observed in primary tumours, metabolic heterogeneity temporally evolves along with tumour progression. In this Review, we summarize the mechanisms of environment-induced metabolic heterogeneity. In addition, we discuss how cancer metabolism and the key metabolites and enzymes temporally and functionally evolve during the metastatic cascade and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Demicco
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xiao-Zheng Liu
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katharina Leithner
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Langbøl M, Rovelt J, Saruhanian A, Saruhanian S, Tiedemann D, Baskaran T, Bocca C, Vohra R, Cvenkel B, Lenaers G, Kolko M. Distinct Metabolic Profiles of Ocular Hypertensives in Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:195. [PMID: 38203366 PMCID: PMC10779258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The main risk factor is elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), but the actual cause of the disease remains unknown. Emerging evidence indicates that metabolic dysfunction plays a central role. The aim of the current study was to determine and compare the effect of universal hypoxia on the metabolomic signature in plasma samples from healthy controls (n = 10), patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG, n = 10), and ocular hypertension (OHT, n = 10). By subjecting humans to universal hypoxia, we aim to mimic a state in which the mitochondria in the body are universally stressed. Participants were exposed to normobaric hypoxia for two hours, followed by a 30 min recovery period in normobaric normoxia. Blood samples were collected at baseline, during hypoxia, and in recovery. Plasma samples were analyzed using a non-targeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Multivariate analyses were conducted using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and univariate analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Unique metabolites involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and ketone body metabolism were upregulated, while metabolites of the kynurenine pathway were downregulated in OHT patients exposed to universal hypoxia. Differential affection of metabolic pathways may explain why patients with OHT initially do not suffer or are more resilient from optic nerve degeneration. The metabolomes of NTG and OHT patients are regulated differently from control subjects and show dysregulation of metabolites important for energy production. These dysregulated processes may potentially contribute to the elevation of IOP and, ultimately, cell death of the RGCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Langbøl
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Jens Rovelt
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Arevak Saruhanian
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Sarkis Saruhanian
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Daniel Tiedemann
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Thisayini Baskaran
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Cinzia Bocca
- Faculté de Santé, Institut MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France; (C.B.); (G.L.)
- Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), 49933 Angers, France
| | - Rupali Vohra
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Barbara Cvenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Faculté de Santé, Institut MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France; (C.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Miriam Kolko
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gao G, Sumrall ES, Pitchiaya S, Bitzer M, Alberti S, Walter NG. Biomolecular condensates in kidney physiology and disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:756-770. [PMID: 37752323 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The regulation and preservation of distinct intracellular and extracellular solute microenvironments is crucial for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. In mammals, the kidneys control bodily salt and water homeostasis. Specifically, the urine-concentrating mechanism within the renal medulla causes fluctuations in extracellular osmolarity, which enables cells of the kidney to either conserve or eliminate water and electrolytes, depending on the balance between intake and loss. However, relatively little is known about the subcellular and molecular changes caused by such osmotic stresses. Advances have shown that many cells, including those of the kidney, rapidly (within seconds) and reversibly (within minutes) assemble membraneless, nano-to-microscale subcellular assemblies termed biomolecular condensates via the biophysical process of hyperosmotic phase separation (HOPS). Mechanistically, osmotic cell compression mediates changes in intracellular hydration, concentration and molecular crowding, rendering HOPS one of many related phase-separation phenomena. Osmotic stress causes numerous homo-multimeric proteins to condense, thereby affecting gene expression and cell survival. HOPS rapidly regulates specific cellular biochemical processes before appropriate protective or corrective action by broader stress response mechanisms can be initiated. Here, we broadly survey emerging evidence for, and the impact of, biomolecular condensates in nephrology, where initial concentration buffering by HOPS and its subsequent cellular escalation mechanisms are expected to have important implications for kidney physiology and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Gao
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily S Sumrall
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Markus Bitzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Simon Alberti
- Technische Universität Dresden, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Engineering (CMCB), Dresden, Germany
| | - Nils G Walter
- Department of Chemistry and Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bantug GR, Hess C. The immunometabolic ecosystem in cancer. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:2008-2020. [PMID: 38012409 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Our increased understanding of how key metabolic pathways are activated and regulated in malignant cells has identified metabolic vulnerabilities of cancers. Translating this insight to the clinics, however, has proved challenging. Roadblocks limiting efficacy of drugs targeting cancer metabolism may lie in the nature of the metabolic ecosystem of tumors. The exchange of metabolites and growth factors between cancer cells and nonmalignant tumor-resident cells is essential for tumor growth and evolution, as well as the development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. In this Review, we will examine the metabolic interplay between tumor-resident cells and how targeted inhibition of specific metabolic enzymes in malignant cells could elicit pro-tumorigenic effects in non-transformed tumor-resident cells and inhibit the function of tumor-specific T cells. To improve the efficacy of metabolism-targeted anticancer strategies, a holistic approach that considers the effect of metabolic inhibitors on major tumor-resident cell populations is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn R Bantug
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Christoph Hess
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Medicine, CITIID, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Icard P, Simula L, Zahn G, Alifano M, Mycielska ME. The dual role of citrate in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188987. [PMID: 37717858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Citrate is a key metabolite of the Krebs cycle that can also be exported in the cytosol, where it performs several functions. In normal cells, citrate sustains protein acetylation, lipid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, insulin secretion, bone tissues formation, spermatozoid mobility, and immune response. Dysregulation of citrate metabolism is implicated in several pathologies, including cancer. Here we discuss how cancer cells use citrate to sustain their proliferation, survival, and metastatic progression. Also, we propose two paradoxically opposite strategies to reduce tumour growth by targeting citrate metabolism in preclinical models. In the first strategy, we propose to administer in the tumor microenvironment a high amount of citrate, which can then act as a glycolysis inhibitor and apoptosis inducer, whereas the other strategy targets citrate transporters to starve cancer cells from citrate. These strategies, effective in several preclinical in vitro and in vivo cancer models, could be exploited in clinics, particularly to increase sensibility to current anti-cancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Icard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM U1086 Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Caen, France; Service of Thoracic Surgery, Cochin Hospital, AP-, HP, 75014, Paris, France.
| | - Luca Simula
- Cochin Institute, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, University of Paris-Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | | | - Marco Alifano
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Cochin Hospital, AP-, HP, 75014, Paris, France; INSERM U1138, Integrative Cancer Immunology, University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Maria E Mycielska
- Department of Structural Biology, Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vellama H, Eskla KL, Eichelmann H, Hüva A, Tennant DA, Thakker A, Roberts J, Jagomäe T, Porosk R, Laisk A, Oja V, Rämma H, Volke V, Vasar E, Luuk H. VHL-deficiency leads to reductive stress in renal cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:1-12. [PMID: 37506952 PMCID: PMC10602395 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Heritable renal cancer syndromes (RCS) are associated with numerous chromosomal alterations including inactivating mutations in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene. Here we identify a novel aspect of the phenotype in VHL-deficient human renal cells. We call it reductive stress as it is characterised by increased NADH/NAD+ ratio that is associated with impaired cellular respiration, impaired CAC activity, upregulation of reductive carboxylation of glutamine and accumulation of lipid droplets in VHL-deficient cells. Reductive stress was mitigated by glucose depletion and supplementation with pyruvate or resazurin, a redox-reactive agent. This study demonstrates for the first time that reductive stress is a part of the phenotype associated with VHL-deficiency in renal cells and indicates that the reversal of reductive stress can augment respiratory activity and CAC activity, suggesting a strategy for altering the metabolic profile of VHL-deficient tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Vellama
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kattri-Liis Eskla
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Hillar Eichelmann
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andria Hüva
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Daniel A Tennant
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alpesh Thakker
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jennie Roberts
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Toomas Jagomäe
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rando Porosk
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Agu Laisk
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vello Oja
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heikko Rämma
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vallo Volke
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hendrik Luuk
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang H, He CJ, Li AM, He B, Li Y, Zhou MN, Ye J. Mitochondrial Uncoupling Inhibits Reductive Carboxylation in Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:1010-1016. [PMID: 37358566 PMCID: PMC10592403 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
When the electron transport chain (ETC) function is impaired, cancer cells rely on reductive carboxylation (RC) to convert α-ketoglutarate (αKG) to citrate for macromolecular synthesis, thereby promoting tumor growth. Currently, there is no viable therapy to inhibit RC for cancer treatment. In this study, we demonstrate that the mitochondrial uncoupler treatment effectively inhibits RC in cancer cells. Mitochondrial uncoupler treatment activates the ETC and increases the NAD+/NADH ratio. Using U-13C-glutamine and 1-13C-glutamine tracers, we show that mitochondrial uncoupling accelerates the oxidative tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and blocks RC under hypoxia, in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor-deficient kidney cancer cells, or under anchorage-independent growth condition. Together, these data demonstrate that mitochondrial uncoupling redirects α-KG from RC back to the oxidative TCA cycle, highlighting that the NAD+/NADH ratio is one key switch that determines the metabolic fate of α-KG. Inhibiting RC could be a key mechanism by which mitochondrial uncouplers inhibit tumor growth. IMPLICATIONS Mitochondrial uncoupling is a novel strategy to target RC in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
| | - Clifford Jiajun He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
| | - Albert M Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
| | - Bo He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
| | - Meng-Ning Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford, CA 94305, US
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Braun DA, Chakraborty AA. Immunobiology and Metabolic Pathways of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:827-840. [PMID: 37246090 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has changed dramatically with immune checkpoint inhibitors, yet most patients do not have durable responses. There is consequently a tremendous need for novel therapeutic development. RCC, and particularly the most common histology clear cell RCC, is an immunobiologically and metabolically distinct tumor. An improved understanding of RCC-specific biology will be necessary for the successful identification of new treatment targets for this disease. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of RCC immune pathways and metabolic dysregulation, with a focus on topics important for future clinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Braun
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street (Suite 6400), New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Abhishek A Chakraborty
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinical, 9500 Euclid Avenue (NB40), Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Icard P, Alifano M, Simula L. The potential for citrate to reinforce epigenetic therapy by promoting apoptosis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:586-589. [PMID: 37550099 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic drugs induce ATP depletion, promoting a glycolysis-to-oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) shift which sometimes favors tumor growth by promoting necroptosis over apoptosis. To restore effective apoptosis in tumors, we propose that the administration of citrate could inhibit ATP production, activate caspase-8 (a key necroptosis inhibitor), and downregulate key anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-xL and MCL1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Icard
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM U1086 Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Caen, France; Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, APHP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Marco Alifano
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, APHP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; INSERM U1138, Integrative Cancer Immunology, University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Luca Simula
- Cochin Institute, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, 75014, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Saliby RM, Saad E, Labaki C, Xu W, Braun DA, Viswanathan SR, Bakouny Z. Novel Targeted Therapies for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Building on the Successes of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and mTOR Inhibition. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:1015-1026. [PMID: 37385938 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapies have revolutionized the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The VHL/HIF pathway is responsible for the regulation of oxygen homeostasis and is frequently altered in RCC. Targeting this pathway as well as the mTOR pathway have yielded remarkable advances in the treatment of RCC. Here, we review the most promising novel targeted therapies for the treatment of RCC, including HIF2α, MET, metabolic targeting, and epigenomic reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée Maria Saliby
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 6400, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Eddy Saad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Chris Labaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenxin Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Braun
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 6400, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Srinivas R Viswanathan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ziad Bakouny
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liufu T, Yu H, Yu J, Yu M, Tian Y, Ou Y, Deng J, Xing G, Wang Z. Complex I deficiency in m.3243A>G fibroblasts is alleviated by reducing NADH accumulation. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1164287. [PMID: 37650111 PMCID: PMC10464909 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1164287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mitochondrial disease is a spectrum of debilitating disorders caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA that compromises the respiratory chain. Mitochondrial 3243A>G (m.3243 A>G) is the most common mutation showing great heterogeneity in phenotype. Previous studies have indicated that NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) deficiency accompanied by a decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/reduced NAD+ (NADH) ratio may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of m.3243A>G mutation. Methods: To evaluate the potential effects of strategies targeting the imbalanced NAD+/NADH ratio in m.3243A>G mutation, we treated fibroblasts derived from patients with the m.3243 A>G mutation using nicotinamide riboside (NR) or mitochondria-targeted H2O-forming NADH oxidase (mitoLbNOX). Results: M.3243 A>G fibroblasts showed a significant reduction in complex I core subunit 6, complex I enzymatic activity, complex I-dependent oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production compared to the controls. The NAD+/NADH ratio was also significantly reduced in m.3243 A>G fibroblasts, and, using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, we also found that the NADH level was elevated in m.3243 A>G fibroblasts. After NR treatment, the NAD+/NADH ratio, complex I-dependent OCR, and ATP levels increased, whereas NADH levels remained unchanged. More excitingly, after treatment with mitoLbNOX, the NAD+/NADH ratio, complex I-independent OCR, and ATP levels increased more pronouncedly compared with the NR treatment group, accompanied by significantly reduced NADH levels. Discussion: The present study suggests that compared with repletion of NAD+ alone, the combination of this therapeutic modality with alleviation of NADH overload may amplify the treatment effect of restoring NAD+/NADH balance in m.3243A>G fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongling Liufu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxi Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichun Ou
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Guogang Xing
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Peng S, Wang Z, Tang P, Wang S, Huang Y, Xie Q, Wang Y, Tan X, Tang T, Yan X, Xu J, Lan W, Wang L, Zhang D, Wang B, Pan T, Qin J, Jiang J, Liu Q. PHF8-GLUL axis in lipid deposition and tumor growth of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf3566. [PMID: 37531433 PMCID: PMC10396305 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf3566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
For clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), lipid deposition plays important roles in the development, metastasis, and drug resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying lipid deposition in ccRCC remain largely unknown. By conducting an unbiased CRISPR-Cas9 screening, we identified the epigenetic regulator plant homeodomain finger protein 8 (PHF8) as an important regulator in ccRCC lipid deposition. Moreover, PHF8 is regulated by von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)/hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) axis and essential for VHL deficiency-induced lipid deposition. PHF8 transcriptionally up-regulates glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL), which promotes the lipid deposition and ccRCC progression. Mechanistically, by forming a complex with c-MYC, PHF8 up-regulates TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) in a histone demethylation-dependent manner. Subsequently, TEAD1 up-regulates GLUL transcriptionally. Pharmacological inhibition of GLUL by l-methionine sulfoximine not only repressed ccRCC lipid deposition and tumor growth but also enhanced the anticancer effects of everolimus. Thus, the PHF8-GLUL axis represents a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Peng
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Yiqiang Huang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Qiubo Xie
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yapeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Xintao Tan
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Tang Tang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Xuzhi Yan
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Lan
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Luofu Wang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Dianzheng Zhang
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4170 City Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Tiejun Pan
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Copeland CA, Olenchock BA, Ziehr D, McGarrity S, Leahy K, Young JD, Loscalzo J, Oldham WM. MYC overrides HIF-1α to regulate proliferating primary cell metabolism in hypoxia. eLife 2023; 12:e82597. [PMID: 37428010 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia requires metabolic adaptations to sustain energetically demanding cellular activities. While the metabolic consequences of hypoxia have been studied extensively in cancer cell models, comparatively little is known about how primary cell metabolism responds to hypoxia. Thus, we developed metabolic flux models for human lung fibroblast and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferating in hypoxia. Unexpectedly, we found that hypoxia decreased glycolysis despite activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and increased glycolytic enzyme expression. While HIF-1α activation in normoxia by prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibition did increase glycolysis, hypoxia blocked this effect. Multi-omic profiling revealed distinct molecular responses to hypoxia and PHD inhibition, and suggested a critical role for MYC in modulating HIF-1α responses to hypoxia. Consistent with this hypothesis, MYC knockdown in hypoxia increased glycolysis and MYC over-expression in normoxia decreased glycolysis stimulated by PHD inhibition. These data suggest that MYC signaling in hypoxia uncouples an increase in HIF-dependent glycolytic gene transcription from glycolytic flux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Copeland
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Benjamin A Olenchock
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - David Ziehr
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Sarah McGarrity
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Center for Systems Biology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kevin Leahy
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Jamey D Young
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - William M Oldham
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Badoiu SC, Greabu M, Miricescu D, Stanescu-Spinu II, Ilinca R, Balan DG, Balcangiu-Stroescu AE, Mihai DA, Vacaroiu IA, Stefani C, Jinga V. PI3K/AKT/mTOR Dysregulation and Reprogramming Metabolic Pathways in Renal Cancer: Crosstalk with the VHL/HIF Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8391. [PMID: 37176098 PMCID: PMC10179314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents 85-95% of kidney cancers and is the most frequent type of renal cancer in adult patients. It accounts for 3% of all cancer cases and is in 7th place among the most frequent histological types of cancer. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), accounts for 75% of RCCs and has the most kidney cancer-related deaths. One-third of the patients with ccRCC develop metastases. Renal cancer presents cellular alterations in sugars, lipids, amino acids, and nucleic acid metabolism. RCC is characterized by several metabolic dysregulations including oxygen sensing (VHL/HIF pathway), glucose transporters (GLUT 1 and GLUT 4) energy sensing, and energy nutrient sensing cascade. Metabolic reprogramming represents an important characteristic of the cancer cells to survive in nutrient and oxygen-deprived environments, to proliferate and metastasize in different body sites. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of the rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway is usually dysregulated in various cancer types including renal cancer. This molecular pathway is frequently correlated with tumor growth and survival. The main aim of this review is to present renal cancer types, dysregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway members, crosstalk with VHL/HIF axis, and carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acid alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silviu Constantin Badoiu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, Sector 5, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, Sector 5, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, Sector 5, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Radu Ilinca
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Gabriela Balan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.G.B.); (A.-E.B.-S.)
| | - Andra-Elena Balcangiu-Stroescu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.G.B.); (A.-E.B.-S.)
| | - Doina-Andrada Mihai
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ileana Adela Vacaroiu
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele” Hospital, 050653 Bucharest, Romania
- “Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele” Clinical Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Medical Sciences Section, Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050085 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Iliopoulos O. Diseases of Hereditary Renal Cell Cancers. Urol Clin North Am 2023; 50:205-215. [PMID: 36948667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Germline mutations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes lead to hereditary renal cell carcinoma (HRCC) diseases, characterized by a high risk of RCC and extrarenal manifestations. Patients of young age, those with a family history of RCC, and/or those with a personal and family history of HRCC-related extrarenal manifestations should be referred for germline testing. Identification of a germline mutation will allow for testing of family members at risk, as well as personalized surveillance programs to detect the early onset of HRCC-related lesions. The latter allows for more targeted and therefore more effective therapy and better preservation of renal parenchyma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Othon Iliopoulos
- VHL Comprehensive Clinical Care Center and Hemangioblastoma Center; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Suri GS, Kaur G, Carbone GM, Shinde D. Metabolomics in oncology. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1795. [PMID: 36811317 PMCID: PMC10026298 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncogenic transformation alters intracellular metabolism and contributes to the growth of malignant cells. Metabolomics, or the study of small molecules, can reveal insight about cancer progression that other biomarker studies cannot. Number of metabolites involved in this process have been in spotlight for cancer detection, monitoring, and therapy. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, the "Metabolomics" is defined in terms of current technology having both clinical and translational applications. Researchers have shown metabolomics can be used to discern metabolic indicators non-invasively using different analytical methods like positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging etc. Metabolomic profiling is a powerful and technically feasible way to track changes in tumor metabolism and gauge treatment response across time. Recent studies have shown metabolomics can also predict individual metabolic changes in response to cancer treatment, measure medication efficacy, and monitor drug resistance. Its significance in cancer development and treatment is summarized in this review. CONCLUSION Although in infancy, metabolomics can be used to identify treatment options and/or predict responsiveness to cancer treatments. Technical challenges like database management, cost and methodical knowhow still persist. Overcoming these challenges in near further can help in designing new treatment régimes with increased sensitivity and specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurparsad Singh Suri
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Gurleen Kaur
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Giuseppina M Carbone
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Universita' della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Dheeraj Shinde
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Universita' della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Downstream Targets of VHL/HIF-α Signaling in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma Progression: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Relevance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041316. [PMID: 36831657 PMCID: PMC9953937 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The clear cell variant of renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common renal epithelial malignancy and responsible for most of the deaths from kidney cancer. Patients carrying inactivating mutations in the Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene have an increased proclivity to develop several types of tumors including ccRCC. Normally, the Hypoxia Inducible Factor alpha (HIF-α) subunits of the HIF heterodimeric transcription factor complex are regulated by oxygen-dependent prolyl-hydroxylation, VHL-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Loss of pVHL function results in elevated levels of HIF-α due to increased stability, leading to RCC progression. While HIF-1α acts as a tumor suppressor, HIF-2α promotes oncogenic potential by driving tumor progression and metastasis through activation of hypoxia-sensitive signaling pathways and overexpression of HIF-2α target genes. One strategy to suppress ccRCC aggressiveness is directed at inhibition of HIF-2α and the associated molecular pathways leading to cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Indeed, clinical and pre-clinical data demonstrated the effectiveness of HIF-2α targeted therapy in attenuating ccRCC progression. This review focuses on the signaling pathways and the involved genes (cyclin D, c-Myc, VEGF-a, EGFR, TGF-α, GLUT-1) that confer oncogenic potential downstream of the VHL-HIF-2α signaling axis in ccRCC. Discussed as well are current treatment options (including receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib), the medical challenges (high prevalence of metastasis at the time of diagnosis, refractory nature of advanced disease to current treatment options), scientific challenges and future directions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen Z, Han F, Du Y, Shi H, Zhou W. Hypoxic microenvironment in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:70. [PMID: 36797231 PMCID: PMC9935926 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Having a hypoxic microenvironment is a common and salient feature of most solid tumors. Hypoxia has a profound effect on the biological behavior and malignant phenotype of cancer cells, mediates the effects of cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy through complex mechanisms, and is closely associated with poor prognosis in various cancer patients. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that through normalization of the tumor vasculature, nanoparticle carriers and biocarriers can effectively increase the oxygen concentration in the tumor microenvironment, improve drug delivery and the efficacy of radiotherapy. They also increase infiltration of innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune cells to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. Furthermore, drugs targeting key genes associated with hypoxia, including hypoxia tracers, hypoxia-activated prodrugs, and drugs targeting hypoxia-inducible factors and downstream targets, can be used for visualization and quantitative analysis of tumor hypoxia and antitumor activity. However, the relationship between hypoxia and cancer is an area of research that requires further exploration. Here, we investigated the potential factors in the development of hypoxia in cancer, changes in signaling pathways that occur in cancer cells to adapt to hypoxic environments, the mechanisms of hypoxia-induced cancer immune tolerance, chemotherapeutic tolerance, and enhanced radiation tolerance, as well as the insights and applications of hypoxia in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fangfang Han
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Du
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Huaqing Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. .,Lanzhou University Sencond Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rinaldi L, Senatore E, Iannucci R, Chiuso F, Feliciello A. Control of Mitochondrial Activity by the Ubiquitin Code in Health and Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:234. [PMID: 36672167 PMCID: PMC9856579 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is tightly connected to the broad variety of mitochondrial functions. To stay healthy, cells need a constant supply of nutrients, energy production and antioxidants defenses, undergoing programmed death when a serious, irreversible damage occurs. The key element of a functional integration of all these processes is the correct crosstalk between cell signaling and mitochondrial activities. Once this crosstalk is interrupted, the cell is not able to communicate its needs to mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress and development of pathological conditions. Conversely, dysfunctional mitochondria may affect cell viability, even in the presence of nutrients supply and energy production, indicating the existence of feed-back control mechanisms between mitochondria and other cellular compartments. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a multi-step biochemical pathway that, through the conjugation of ubiquitin moieties to specific protein substrates, controls cellular proteostasis and signaling, removing damaged or aged proteins that might otherwise accumulate and affect cell viability. In response to specific needs or changed extracellular microenvironment, the UPS modulates the turnover of mitochondrial proteins, thus influencing the organelle shape, dynamics and function. Alterations of the dynamic and reciprocal regulation between mitochondria and UPS underpin genetic and proliferative disorders. This review focuses on the mitochondrial metabolism and activities supervised by UPS and examines how deregulation of this control mechanism results in proliferative disorders and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Feliciello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hubbard BT, LaMoia TE, Goedeke L, Gaspar RC, Galsgaard KD, Kahn M, Mason GF, Shulman GI. Q-Flux: A method to assess hepatic mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, and glutaminase fluxes in vivo. Cell Metab 2023; 35:212-226.e4. [PMID: 36516861 PMCID: PMC9887731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex has recently been shown as capable of operating bidirectionally. Here, we develop a method (Q-Flux) capable of measuring absolute rates of both forward (VSDH(F)) and reverse (VSDH(R)) flux through SDH in vivo while also deconvoluting the amount of glucose derived from four discreet carbon sources in the liver. In validation studies, a mitochondrial uncoupler increased net SDH flux by >100% in awake rodents but also increased SDH cycling. During hyperglucagonemia, attenuated pyruvate cycling enhances phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase efficiency to drive increased gluconeogenesis, which is complemented by increased glutaminase (GLS) flux, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) flux, and glycerol conversion to glucose. During hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, both pyruvate carboxylase and GLS are suppressed, while VSDH(R) is increased. Unstimulated MUT is a minor anaplerotic reaction but is readily induced by small amounts of propionate, which elicits glucagon-like metabolic rewiring. Taken together, Q-Flux yields a comprehensive picture of hepatic mitochondrial metabolism and should be broadly useful to researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon T Hubbard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Traci E LaMoia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Leigh Goedeke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Katrine D Galsgaard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Mario Kahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Graeme F Mason
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Departments of Psychiatry & Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Qing Y, Wu D, Deng X, Chen J, Su R. RNA Modifications in Cancer Metabolism and Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 190:3-24. [PMID: 38112997 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45654-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
RNA modifications have recently been recognized as essential posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes. Investigations over the past decade have revealed that RNA chemical modifications have profound effects on tumor initiation, progression, refractory, and recurrence. Tumor cells are notorious for their robust plasticity in response to the stressful microenvironment and undergo metabolic adaptations to sustain rapid cell proliferation, which is termed as metabolic reprogramming. Meanwhile, cancer-associated metabolic reprogramming leads to substantial alterations of intracellular and extracellular metabolites, which further reshapes the tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, cancer cells compete with tumor-infiltrating immune cells for the limited nutrients to maintain their proliferation and function in the TME. In this chapter, we review recent interesting findings on the engagement of epitranscriptomic pathways, especially the ones associated with N6-methyladenosine (m6A), in the regulation of cancer metabolism and the surrounding microenvironment. We also discuss the promising therapeutic approaches targeting RNA modifications for anti-tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qing
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolan Deng
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tan SK, Hougen HY, Merchan JR, Gonzalgo ML, Welford SM. Fatty acid metabolism reprogramming in ccRCC: mechanisms and potential targets. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:48-60. [PMID: 36192502 PMCID: PMC10826284 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-022-00654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplet formation is a defining histological feature in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) but the underlying mechanisms and importance of this biological behaviour have remained enigmatic. De novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis, uptake and suppression of FA oxidation have all been shown to contribute to lipid storage, which is a necessary tumour adaptation rather than a bystander effect. Clinical studies and mechanistic investigations into the roles of different enzymes in FA metabolism pathways have revealed new metabolic vulnerabilities that hold promise for clinical effect. Several metabolic alterations are associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with ccRCC, as lipogenic genes drive tumorigenesis. Enzymes involved in the intrinsic FA metabolism pathway include FA synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ATP citrate lyase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, cluster of differentiation 36, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A and the perilipin family, and each might be potential therapeutic targets in ccRCC owing to the link between lipid deposition and ccRCC risk. Adipokines and lipid species are potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment monitoring in patients with ccRCC. FA metabolism could potentially be targeted for therapeutic intervention in ccRCC as small-molecule inhibitors targeting the pathway have shown promising results in preclinical models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sze Kiat Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Helen Y Hougen
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jaime R Merchan
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mark L Gonzalgo
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Scott M Welford
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Disorders of cancer metabolism: The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113993. [PMID: 36379120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal energy metabolism, as one of the important hallmarks of cancer, was induced by multiple carcinogenic factors and tumor-specific microenvironments. It comprises aerobic glycolysis, de novo lipid biosynthesis, and glutamine-dependent anaplerosis. Considering that metabolic reprogramming provides various nutrients for tumor survival and development, it has been considered a potential target for cancer therapy. Cannabinoids have been shown to exhibit a variety of anticancer activities by unclear mechanisms. This paper first reviews the recent progress of related signaling pathways (reactive oxygen species (ROS), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), and p53) mediating the reprogramming of cancer metabolism (including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism). Then we comprehensively explore the latest discoveries and possible mechanisms of the anticancer effects of cannabinoids through the regulation of the above-mentioned related signaling pathways, to provide new targets and insights for cancer prevention and treatment.
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang D, Li X, Gong G, Lu Y, Guo Z, Chen R, Huang H, Li Z, Bian J. An updated patent review of glutaminase inhibitors (2019-2022). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:17-28. [PMID: 36698323 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2173573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney-type glutaminase (GLS1), a key enzyme controlling the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate to resolve the 'glutamine addiction' of cancer cells, has been shown to play a central role in supporting cancer growth and proliferation. Therefore, the inhibition of GLS1 as a novel cancer treating strategy is of great interest. AREAS COVERED This review covers recent patents (2019-present) involving GLS1 inhibitors, which are mostly focused on their chemical structures, molecular mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic properties, and potential clinical applications. EXPERT OPINION Currently, despite significant efforts, the search for potent GLS1 inhibitors has not resulted in the development of compounds for therapeutic applications. Most recent patents and literature focus on GLS1 inhibitors IPN60090 and DRP104, which have entered clinical trials. While other patent disclosures during this period have not generated any drug candidates, the clinical update will inform the potential of these inhibitors as promising therapeutic agents either as single or as combination interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangyue Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huidan Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinlei Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kaushik AK, Tarangelo A, Boroughs LK, Ragavan M, Zhang Y, Wu CY, Li X, Ahumada K, Chiang JC, Tcheuyap VT, Saatchi F, Do QN, Yong C, Rosales T, Stevens C, Rao AD, Faubert B, Pachnis P, Zacharias LG, Vu H, Cai F, Mathews TP, Genovese G, Slusher BS, Kapur P, Sun X, Merritt M, Brugarolas J, DeBerardinis RJ. In vivo characterization of glutamine metabolism identifies therapeutic targets in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp8293. [PMID: 36525494 PMCID: PMC9757752 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp8293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Targeting metabolic vulnerabilities has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, we analyzed the metabolism of patient-derived xenografts (tumorgrafts) from diverse subtypes of RCC. Tumorgrafts from VHL-mutant clear cell RCC (ccRCC) retained metabolic features of human ccRCC and engaged in oxidative and reductive glutamine metabolism. Genetic silencing of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 or isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 impaired reductive labeling of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates in vivo and suppressed growth of tumors generated from tumorgraft-derived cells. Glutaminase inhibition reduced the contribution of glutamine to the TCA cycle and resulted in modest suppression of tumorgraft growth. Infusions with [amide-15N]glutamine revealed persistent amidotransferase activity during glutaminase inhibition, and blocking these activities with the amidotransferase inhibitor JHU-083 also reduced tumor growth in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice. We conclude that ccRCC tumorgrafts catabolize glutamine via multiple pathways, perhaps explaining why it has been challenging to achieve therapeutic responses in patients by inhibiting glutaminase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akash K. Kaushik
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amy Tarangelo
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lindsey K. Boroughs
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mukundan Ragavan
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cheng-Yang Wu
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiangyi Li
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kristen Ahumada
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jui-Chung Chiang
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vanina T. Tcheuyap
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Faeze Saatchi
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Quyen N. Do
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cissy Yong
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tracy Rosales
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christina Stevens
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aparna D. Rao
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Panayotis Pachnis
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lauren G. Zacharias
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hieu Vu
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Feng Cai
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P. Mathews
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Giannicola Genovese
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Neurology and Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Payal Kapur
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiankai Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Matthew Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - James Brugarolas
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph J. DeBerardinis
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ragni M, Fornelli C, Nisoli E, Penna F. Amino Acids in Cancer and Cachexia: An Integrated View. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5691. [PMID: 36428783 PMCID: PMC9688864 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid tumor growth requires elevated biosynthetic activity, supported by metabolic rewiring occurring both intrinsically in cancer cells and extrinsically in the cancer host. The Warburg effect is one such example, burning glucose to produce a continuous flux of biomass substrates in cancer cells at the cost of energy wasting metabolic cycles in the host to maintain stable glycemia. Amino acid (AA) metabolism is profoundly altered in cancer cells, which use AAs for energy production and for supporting cell proliferation. The peculiarities in cancer AA metabolism allow the identification of specific vulnerabilities as targets of anti-cancer treatments. In the current review, specific approaches targeting AAs in terms of either deprivation or supplementation are discussed. Although based on opposed strategies, both show, in vitro and in vivo, positive effects. Any AA-targeted intervention will inevitably impact the cancer host, who frequently already has cachexia. Cancer cachexia is a wasting syndrome, also due to malnutrition, that compromises the effectiveness of anti-cancer drugs and eventually causes the patient's death. AA deprivation may exacerbate malnutrition and cachexia, while AA supplementation may improve the nutritional status, counteract cachexia, and predispose the patient to a more effective anti-cancer treatment. Here is provided an attempt to describe the AA-based therapeutic approaches that integrate currently distant points of view on cancer-centered and host-centered research, providing a glimpse of several potential investigations that approach cachexia as a unique cancer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Ragni
- Center for Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Biomedical Technology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Fornelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Enzo Nisoli
- Center for Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Biomedical Technology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10125 Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gong T, Zheng C, Ou X, Zheng J, Yu J, Chen S, Duan Y, Liu W. Glutamine metabolism in cancers: Targeting the oxidative homeostasis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:994672. [PMID: 36324588 PMCID: PMC9621616 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.994672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in blood and tissues, and the most important nutrient except for glucose in cancer cells. Over the past years, most studies have focused on the role of Gln metabolism in supporting energy metabolism rather than maintaining oxidative homeostasis. In fact, Gln is an important factor in maintaining oxidative homeostasis of cancer cells, especially in “Glutamine addicted” cancer cells. Here, this paper will review the recent scientific literature about the link between Gln metabolism and oxidative homeostasis, with an emphasis on the potential role of Gln metabolism in different cancers. Given that oxidative homeostasis is of critical importance in cancer, understanding the impacts of a Gln metabolism on oxidative homeostasis, gaining great insights into underlying molecular mechanisms, and developing effective therapeutic strategies are of great importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfang Gong
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Changbing Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xidan Ou
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yehui Duan, ; Wei Liu,
| | - Wei Liu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yehui Duan, ; Wei Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen YW, Rini BI, Beckermann KE. Emerging Targets in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4843. [PMID: 36230766 PMCID: PMC9561986 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dual immune checkpoint blockade targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 (ipilimumab/nivolumab) or the IO combinations targeting PD-1 and anti-VEGF TKIs (pembrolizumab/axitinib, nivolumab/cabozantinib, pembrolizumab/lenvatinib) have demonstrated an overall survival benefit in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Despite this significant improvement in clinical outcomes in the frontline setting from IO/IO or the IO/TKI combinations, there is a subset of patients of advanced ccRCC that do not respond to such combinations or will lose the initial efficacy and have disease progression. Therefore, a remarkable unmet need exists to develop new therapeutics to improve outcomes. With an enhanced understanding of ccRCC biology and its interaction with the tumor microenvironment, several new therapies are under development targeting ccRCC metabolism, cytokine-signaling, alternative immune checkpoint proteins, and novel biological pathways. In addition, microbiome products enhancing IO response, antibody-drug conjugates, and targeted radionuclides are also being investigated. This review summarizes selected emerging agents that are under development in ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Chen
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, 777 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Brian I. Rini
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, 777 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Beckermann
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, 777 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tannir NM, Agarwal N, Porta C, Lawrence NJ, Motzer R, McGregor B, Lee RJ, Jain RK, Davis N, Appleman LJ, Goodman O, Stadler WM, Gandhi S, Geynisman DM, Iacovelli R, Mellado B, Sepúlveda Sánchez JM, Figlin R, Powles T, Akella L, Orford K, Escudier B. Efficacy and Safety of Telaglenastat Plus Cabozantinib vs Placebo Plus Cabozantinib in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: The CANTATA Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol 2022; 8:1411-1418. [PMID: 36048457 PMCID: PMC9437824 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Dysregulated metabolism is a hallmark of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Glutaminase is a key enzyme that fuels tumor growth by converting glutamine to glutamate. Telaglenastat is an investigational, first-in-class, selective, oral glutaminase inhibitor that blocks glutamine utilization and downstream pathways. Preclinically, telaglenastat synergized with cabozantinib, a VEGFR2/MET/AXL inhibitor, in RCC models. Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of telaglenastat plus cabozantinib (Tela + Cabo) vs placebo plus cabozantinib (Pbo + Cabo). Design, Setting, and Participants CANTATA was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pivotal trial conducted at sites in the US, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. Eligible patients had metastatic clear-cell RCC following progression on 1 to 2 prior lines of therapy, including 1 or more antiangiogenic therapies or nivolumab plus ipilimumab. The data cutoff date was August 31, 2020. Data analysis was performed from December 2020 to February 2021. Interventions Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive oral cabozantinib (60 mg daily) with either telaglenastat (800 mg twice daily) or placebo until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was progression-free survival (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1) assessed by blinded independent radiology review. Results A total of 444 patients were randomized: 221 to Tela + Cabo (median [range] age, 61 [21-81] years; 47 [21%] women and 174 [79%] men) and 223 to Pbo + Cabo (median [range] age, 62 [29-83] years; 68 [30%] women and 155 [70%] men). A total of 276 (62%) patients had received prior immune checkpoint inhibitors, including 128 with prior nivolumab plus ipilimumab, 93 of whom had not received prior antiangiogenic therapy. Median progression-free survival was 9.2 months for Tela + Cabo vs 9.3 months for Pbo + Cabo (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.74-1.21; P = .65). Overall response rates were 31% (69 of 221) with Tela + Cabo vs 28% (62 of 223) with Pbo + Cabo. Treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) rates were similar between arms. Grade 3 to 4 TEAEs occurred in 160 patients (71%) with Tela + Cabo and 172 patients (79%) with Pbo + Cabo and included hypertension (38 patients [17%] vs 40 patients [18%]) and diarrhea (34 patients [15%] vs 29 patients [13%]). Cabozantinib was discontinued due to AEs in 23 patients (10%) receiving Tela + Cabo and 33 patients (15%) receiving Pbo + Cabo. Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial, telaglenastat did not improve the efficacy of cabozantinib in metastatic RCC. Tela + Cabo was well tolerated with AEs consistent with the known risks of both agents. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03428217.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Camillo Porta
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Now with University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola J. Lawrence
- Auckland District Health Board and The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert Motzer
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Rohit K. Jain
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Nancy Davis
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Begoña Mellado
- Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Robert Figlin
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Thomas Powles
- St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Lalith Akella
- Calithera Biosciences, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Keith Orford
- Calithera Biosciences, Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Claiborne MD, Leone R. Differential glutamine metabolism in the tumor microenvironment – studies in diversity and heterogeneity: A mini-review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1011191. [PMID: 36203456 PMCID: PMC9531032 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1011191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glutamine metabolism is a hallmark of many cancer types. In recent years, our understanding of the distinct and diverse metabolic pathways through which glutamine can be utilized has grown more refined. Additionally, the different metabolic requirements of the diverse array of cell types within the tumor microenvironment complicate the strategy of targeting any particular glutamine pathway as cancer therapy. In this Mini-Review, we discuss recent advances in further clarifying the cellular fate of glutamine through different metabolic pathways. We further discuss potential promising strategies which exploit the different requirements of cells in the tumor microenvironment as it pertains to glutamine metabolism in an attempt to suppress cancer growth and enhance anti-tumor immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Claiborne
- Department of Medicine, Scripps Green Hospital and Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Robert Leone
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Robert Leone,
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang L, Fang Z, Gao P, Zheng J. GLUD1 suppresses renal tumorigenesis and development via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:975517. [PMID: 36203437 PMCID: PMC9530280 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.975517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing cancer cells are addicted to glutamine. Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1) is one of key enzymes in glutamine metabolism and plays a critical role in the malignancy of diverse tumors. However, its role and molecular mechanism in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) development and progression remain unknown. In this study, analysis results of the GEO/TCGA/UALCAN database showed that GLUD1 level was downregulated in ccRCC tissues. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting results further validated the downregulation of GLUD1 level in ccRCC tissues. GLUD1 level was gradually decreased as ccRCC stage and grade progressed. Low GLUD1 level was associated with a shorter survival and higher IC50 value for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in ccRCC, reminding that GLUD1 level could predict the prognosis and TKIs sensitivity of ccRCC patients. High level of methylation in GLUD1 promoter was positively correlated with the downregulation of GLUD1 level and was negatively correlated with survival of ccRCC patients. GLUD1 overexpression suppressed RCC cell proliferation, colony formation and migration by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation. Low GLUD1 level correlated with suppressive immune microenvironment (TIME) in ccRCC. Together, we found a novel tumor-suppressing role of GLUD1 in ccRCC which was different from that in other tumors and a new mechanism for inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR activation and TIME in ccRCC. These results provide a theoretical basis for GLUD1 as a therapeutic target and prognostic marker in ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peixiang Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfang Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junfang Zheng,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cardenas LM, Deluce JE, Khan S, Gulam O, Maleki Vareki S, Fernandes R, Lalani AKA. Next Wave of Targets in the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:5426-5441. [PMID: 36005167 PMCID: PMC9406353 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While surgical resection has remained the mainstay of treatment in early-stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC), therapeutic options in the advanced setting have remarkably expanded over the last 20 years. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF-TKIs) and anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become globally accepted options in the upfront metastatic setting, with different ICI-based combination strategies improving overall survival compared to single-agent Sunitinib. Although some patients benefit from long-term responses, most eventually develop disease progression. Ongoing efforts to better understand the biology of RCC and the different mechanisms of acquired resistance have led to the identification of promising therapeutic targets. Belzutifan, a novel agent targeting the angiogenic pathway involving hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), has already been approved for the treatment of early-stage tumors associated with VHL disease and represents a very promising therapy in advanced RCC. Other putative targets include epigenetic regulation enzymes, as well as several metabolites such as adenosine, glutaminase and tryptophan, which are critical players in cancer cell metabolism and in the tumor microenvironment. Different methods of immune regulation are also being investigated, including CAR-T cell therapy and modulation of the gut microbiome, in addition to novel agents targeting the interleukin-2 (IL-2) pathway. This review aims to highlight the emergent novel therapies for RCC and their respective completed and ongoing clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M. Cardenas
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada;
| | - Jasna E. Deluce
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (J.E.D.); (S.M.V.) (R.F.)
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Shahrukh Khan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (S.K.); (O.G.)
| | - Omar Gulam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (S.K.); (O.G.)
| | - Saman Maleki Vareki
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (J.E.D.); (S.M.V.) (R.F.)
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Ricardo Fernandes
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (J.E.D.); (S.M.V.) (R.F.)
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Aly-Khan A. Lalani
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li Z, Ji BW, Dixit PD, Tchourine K, Lien EC, Hosios AM, Abbott KL, Rutter JC, Westermark AM, Gorodetsky EF, Sullivan LB, Vander Heiden MG, Vitkup D. Cancer cells depend on environmental lipids for proliferation when electron acceptors are limited. Nat Metab 2022; 4:711-723. [PMID: 35739397 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Production of oxidized biomass, which requires regeneration of the cofactor NAD+, can be a proliferation bottleneck that is influenced by environmental conditions. However, a comprehensive quantitative understanding of metabolic processes that may be affected by NAD+ deficiency is currently missing. Here, we show that de novo lipid biosynthesis can impose a substantial NAD+ consumption cost in proliferating cancer cells. When electron acceptors are limited, environmental lipids become crucial for proliferation because NAD+ is required to generate precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis. We find that both oxidative and even net reductive pathways for lipogenic citrate synthesis are gated by reactions that depend on NAD+ availability. We also show that access to acetate can relieve lipid auxotrophy by bypassing the NAD+ consuming reactions. Gene expression analysis demonstrates that lipid biosynthesis strongly anti-correlates with expression of hypoxia markers across tumor types. Overall, our results define a requirement for oxidative metabolism to support biosynthetic reactions and provide a mechanistic explanation for cancer cell dependence on lipid uptake in electron acceptor-limited conditions, such as hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Li
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian W Ji
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Physician-Scientist Training Pathway, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Purushottam D Dixit
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Evan C Lien
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aaron M Hosios
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Keene L Abbott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Justine C Rutter
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Health Sciences and Technology (HST) and Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna M Westermark
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth F Gorodetsky
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lucas B Sullivan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dennis Vitkup
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Reustle A, Menig LS, Leuthold P, Hofmann U, Stühler V, Schmees C, Becker M, Haag M, Klumpp V, Winter S, Büttner FA, Rausch S, Hennenlotter J, Fend F, Scharpf M, Stenzl A, Bedke J, Schwab M, Schaeffeler E. Nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase is a promising metabolic drug target for primary and metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e883. [PMID: 35678045 PMCID: PMC9178377 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The metabolic enzyme nicotinamide‐N‐methyltransferase (NNMT) is highly expressed in various cancer entities, suggesting tumour‐promoting functions. We systematically investigated NNMT expression and its metabolic interactions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a prominent RCC subtype with metabolic alterations, to elucidate its role as a drug target. Methods NNMT expression was assessed in primary ccRCC (n = 134), non‐tumour tissue and ccRCC‐derived metastases (n = 145) by microarray analysis and/or immunohistochemistry. Findings were validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (kidney renal clear cell carcinoma [KIRC], n = 452) and by single‐cell analysis. Expression was correlated with clinicopathological data and survival. Metabolic alterations in NNMT‐depleted cells were assessed by nontargeted/targeted metabolomics and extracellular flux analysis. The NNMT inhibitor (NNMTi) alone and in combination with the inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose for glycolysis and BPTES (bis‐2‐(5‐phenylacetamido‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐yl)ethyl‐sulfide) for glutamine metabolism was investigated in RCC cell lines (786‐O, A498) and in two 2D ccRCC‐derived primary cultures and three 3D ccRCC air–liquid interface models. Results NNMT protein was overexpressed in primary ccRCC (p = 1.32 × 10–16) and ccRCC‐derived metastases (p = 3.92 × 10–20), irrespective of metastatic location, versus non‐tumour tissue. Single‐cell data showed predominant NNMT expression in ccRCC and not in the tumour microenvironment. High NNMT expression in primary ccRCC correlated with worse survival in independent cohorts (primary RCC—hazard ratio [HR] = 4.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–12.4; KIRC—HR = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.0–5.4). NNMT depletion leads to intracellular glutamine accumulation, with negative effects on mitochondrial function and cell survival, while not affecting glycolysis or glutathione metabolism. At the gene level, NNMT‐depleted cells upregulate glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and apoptosis pathways. NNMTi alone or in combination with 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose and BPTES resulted in inhibition of cell viability in ccRCC cell lines and primary tumour and metastasis‐derived models. In two out of three patient‐derived ccRCC air–liquid interface models, NNMTi treatment induced cytotoxicity. Conclusions Since efficient glutamine utilisation, which is essential for ccRCC tumours, depends on NNMT, small‐molecule NNMT inhibitors provide a novel therapeutic strategy for ccRCC and act as sensitizers for combination therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Reustle
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lena-Sophie Menig
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Leuthold
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Viktoria Stühler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schmees
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Michael Becker
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Mathias Haag
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Verena Klumpp
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Winter
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florian A Büttner
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Rausch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Scharpf
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Departments of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) 'Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies', University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Elke Schaeffeler
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) 'Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies', University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hypoxia-driven metabolic heterogeneity and immune evasive behaviour of gastrointestinal cancers: Elements of a recipe for disaster. Cytokine 2022; 156:155917. [PMID: 35660715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers refer to a group of malignancies associated with the GI tract (GIT). Like other solid tumors, hypoxic regions consistently feature inside the GI tumor microenvironment (TME) and contribute towards metabolic reprogramming of tumor-resident cells by modulating hypoxia-induced factors. We highlight here how the metabolic crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells generate immunosuppressive environment inside hypoxic tumors. Given the fluctuating nature of tumor hypoxia, the metabolic fluxes between immune cells and cancer cells change dynamically. These changes alter cellular phenotypes and functions, resulting in the acceleration of cancer progression. These evolved properties of hypoxic tumors make metabolism-targeting monotherapy approaches or immunotherapy-measures unsuccessful. The current review highlights the advantages of combined immunometabolic treatment strategies to target hypoxic GI cancers and also identifies research areas to develop better combinational therapeutics for future.
Collapse
|
47
|
Chang LC, Chiang SK, Chen SE, Hung MC. Targeting 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase for cancer treatment. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1436-1455. [PMID: 35530286 PMCID: PMC9077069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also called Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle, is an amphoteric pathway, contributing to catabolic degradation and anaplerotic reactions to supply precursors for macromolecule biosynthesis. Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHc, also called α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) a highly regulated enzyme in TCA cycle, converts α-ketoglutarate (αKG) to succinyl-Coenzyme A in accompany with NADH generation for ATP generation through oxidative phosphorylation. The step collaborates with glutaminolysis at an intersectional point to govern αKG levels for energy production, nucleotide and amino acid syntheses, and the resources for macromolecule synthesis in cancer cells with rapid proliferation. Despite being a flavoenzyme susceptible to electron leakage contributing to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, OGDHc is highly sensitive to peroxides such as HNE (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) and moreover, its activity mediates the activation of several antioxidant pathways. The characteristics endow OGDHc as a critical redox sensor in mitochondria. Accumulating evidences suggest that dysregulation of OGDHc impairs cellular redox homeostasis and disturbs substrate fluxes, leading to a buildup of oncometabolites along the pathogenesis and development of cancers. In this review, we describe molecular interactions, regulation of OGDHc expression and activity and its relationships with diseases, specifically focusing on cancers. In the end, we discuss the potential of OGDHs as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Chu Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kai Chiang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Ei Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing UniversityTaiwan
- Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Asia UniversityTaichung 413, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li X, Yang G, Zhang W, Qin B, Ye Z, Shi H, Zhao X, Chen Y, Song B, Mei Z, Zhao Q, Wang F. USP13: Multiple Functions and Target Inhibition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:875124. [PMID: 35445009 PMCID: PMC9014248 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.875124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a deubiquitination (DUB) enzyme, ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13) is involved in a myriad of cellular processes, such as mitochondrial energy metabolism, autophagy, DNA damage response, and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), by regulating the deubiquitination of diverse key substrate proteins. Thus, dysregulation of USP13 can give rise to the occurrence and development of plenty of diseases, in particular malignant tumors. Given its implications in the stabilization of disease-related proteins and oncology targets, considerable efforts have been committed to the discovery of inhibitors targeting USP13. Here, we summarize an overview of the recent advances of the structure, function of USP13, and its relations to diseases, as well as discovery and development of inhibitors, aiming to provide the theoretical basis for investigation of the molecular mechanism of USP13 action and further development of more potent druggable inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Biying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zifan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huijing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yihang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bowei Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqing Mei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | | | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Seo J, Yun JE, Kim SJ, Chun YS. Lipid metabolic reprogramming by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in the hypoxic tumour microenvironment. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:591-601. [PMID: 35348849 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells rewire metabolic processes to adapt to the nutrient- and oxygen-deprived tumour microenvironment, thereby promoting their proliferation and metastasis. Previous research has shown that modifying glucose metabolism, the Warburg effect, makes glycolytic cancer cells more invasive and aggressive. Lipid metabolism has also been receiving attention because lipids function as energy sources and signalling molecules. Because obesity is a risk factor for various cancer types, targeting lipid metabolism may be a promising cancer therapy. Here, we review the lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). HIF-1 is the master transcription factor for tumour growth and metastasis by transactivating genes related to proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metabolism. The glucose metabolic shift (the Warburg effect) is mediated by HIF-1. Recent research on HIF-1-related lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer has confirmed that HIF-1 also modifies lipid accumulation, β-oxidation, and lipolysis in cancer, triggering its progression. Therefore, targeting lipid metabolic alterations by HIF-1 has therapeutic potential for cancer. We summarize the role of the lipid metabolic shift mediated by HIF-1 in cancer and its putative applications for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan.,Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Jeong-Eun Yun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Sung Joon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Yang-Sook Chun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea. .,Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea. .,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Johnson M, Nowlan S, Sahin G, Barnett DA, Joy AP, Touaibia M, Cuperlovic-Culf M, Zofija Avizonis D, Turcotte S. Decrease of Intracellular Glutamine by STF-62247 Results in the Accumulation of Lipid Droplets in von Hippel-Lindau Deficient Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:841054. [PMID: 35223522 PMCID: PMC8865074 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.841054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney cancer is one of the top ten cancer diagnosed worldwide and its incidence has increased the last 20 years. Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) are characterized by mutations that inactivate the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene and evidence indicated alterations in metabolic pathways, particularly in glutamine metabolism. We previously identified a small molecule, STF-62247, which target VHL-deficient renal tumors by affecting late-stages of autophagy and lysosomal signaling. In this study, we investigated ccRCC metabolism in VHL-deficient and proficient cells exposed to the small molecule. Metabolomics profiling using 1H NMR demonstrated that STF-62247 increases levels of glucose, pyruvate, glycerol 3-phosphate while glutamate, asparagine, and glutathione significantly decreased. Diminution of glutamate and glutamine was further investigated using mass spectrometry, western blot analyses, enzymatic activities, and viability assays. We found that expression of SLC1A5 increases in VHL-deficient cells treated with STF-62247, possibly to stimulate glutamine uptake intracellularly to counteract the diminution of this amino acid. However, exogenous addition of glutamine was not able to rescue cell viability induced by the small molecule. Instead, our results showed that VHL-deficient cells utilize glutamine to produce fatty acid in response to STF-62247. Surprisingly, this occurs through oxidative phosphorylation in STF-treated cells while control cells use reductive carboxylation to sustain lipogenesis. We also demonstrated that STF-62247 stimulated expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) and peripilin2 (PLIN2) to generate accumulation of lipid droplets in VHL-deficient cells. Moreover, the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), which control the entry of fatty acid into mitochondria for β-oxidation, also increased in response to STF-62247. CPT1A overexpression in ccRCC is known to limit tumor growth. Together, our results demonstrated that STF-62247 modulates cellular metabolism of glutamine, an amino acid involved in the autophagy-lysosome process, to support lipogenesis, which could be implicated in the signaling driving to cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Sarah Nowlan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Gülsüm Sahin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | | | - Andrew P Joy
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Mohamed Touaibia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | | | | | - Sandra Turcotte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|