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Ead AS, Wirkus J, Matsukuma K, Mackenzie GG. A high-fat diet induces changes in mesenteric adipose tissue accelerating early-stage pancreatic carcinogenesis in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109690. [PMID: 38876394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Increased adiposity is a significant risk factor for pancreatic cancer development. Multiple preclinical studies have documented that high-fat, high calorie diets, rich in omega-6 fatty acids (FA) accelerate pancreatic cancer development. However, the effect of a high-fat, low sucrose diet (HFD), on pancreatic carcinogenesis remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of a HFD on early-stage pancreatic carcinogenesis in the clinically relevant KrasLSL-G12D/+; Ptf1aCre/+ (KC) genetically engineered mouse model, and characterized the role of the mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT). Cohorts of male and female KC mice were randomly assigned to a control diet (CD) or a HFD, matched for FA composition (9:1 of omega-6 FA: omega-3 FA), and fed their diets for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks on a HFD, KC mice had significantly higher body weight, fat mass, and serum leptin compared to CD-fed KC mice. Furthermore, a HFD accelerated pancreatic acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and proliferation, associated with increased activation of ERK and STAT3, and macrophage infiltration in the pancreas, compared to CD-fed KC mice. Metabolomics analysis of the MAT revealed sex differences between diet groups. In females, a HFD altered metabolites related to FA (α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid) and amino acid metabolism (alanine, aspartate, glutamate). In males, a HFD significantly affected pathways related to alanine, aspartate, glutamate, linoleic acid, and the citric acid cycle. A HFD accelerates early pancreatic ADM through multifaceted mechanisms, including effects at the tumor and surrounding MAT. The sex-dependent changes in MAT metabolites could explain some of the sex differences in HFD-induced pancreatic ADM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya S Ead
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joanna Wirkus
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Karen Matsukuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gerardo G Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA.
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2
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Molinelli E, Ceccarelli G, Fantone S, Di Mercurio E, Gambini D, Maurizi A, Perugini J, Tossetta G, Brisigotti V, De Simoni E, Sapigni C, Rizzetto G, Campanati A, Simonetti O, Marzioni D, Offidani A. Melanoma and subcutaneous adipose tissue: Role of peritumoral adipokines in disease characterization and prognosis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2023; 36:423-430. [PMID: 37334675 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, the concept of adipose organ has emerged, giving adipose tissue an active endocrine and immunologic function through the secretion of multiple cytokines and chemokines that seem to be implicated in the development and progression of several cancer, including cutaneous melanoma. In this pilot experimental study, we analyzed the expression in the peritumor subcutaneous adipose tissue of the most significant adipokines involved in the processes of carcinogenesis and metastasis in a population of melanoma patients and in two control groups composed of melanocytic nevi and epidermoid cysts, respectively. We correlated the results obtained with the main disease prognostic factors observing a statistically significant increase in the expression of PAI1, LEP, CXCL1, NAMPT, and TNF-α at the level of the peritumor tissue of the melanoma samples compared to the control groups and a correlation of the same with the histopathological prognostic factor of melanoma. Our preliminary study shows that the overexpression of PAI1, LEP, CXCL1, NAMPT, and TNF-α may contribute to the growth and to the local aggressiveness of cutaneous melanoma. It opens the hypothesis of a direct oncogenic role of subcutaneous adipose tissue and adipokines in the tumorigenesis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Molinelli
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Di Mercurio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daisy Gambini
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Maurizi
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jessica Perugini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valerio Brisigotti
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Edoardo De Simoni
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudia Sapigni
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulio Rizzetto
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Campanati
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Oriana Simonetti
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Dermatological Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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3
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Interplay between Prostate Cancer and Adipose Microenvironment: A Complex and Flexible Scenario. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810762. [PMID: 36142673 PMCID: PMC9500873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is part of the prostate cancer (PCa) microenvironment not only in the periprostatic area, but also in the most frequent metastatic sites, such as bone marrow and pelvic lymph nodes. The involvement of periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) in the aggressiveness of PCa is strongly suggested by numerous studies. Many molecules play a role in the reciprocal interaction between adipocytes and PCa cells, including adipokines, hormones, lipids, and also lipophilic pollutants stored in adipocytes. The crosstalk has consequences not only on cancer cell growth and metastatic potential, but also on adipocytes. Although most of the molecules released by PPAT are likely to promote tumor growth and the migration of cancer cells, others, such as the adipokine adiponectin and the n-6 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), have been shown to have anti-tumor properties. The effects of PPAT on PCa cells might therefore depend on the balance between the pro- and anti-tumor components of PPAT. In addition, genetic and environmental factors involved in the risk and/or aggressiveness of PCa, including obesity and diet, are able to modulate the interactions between PPAT and cancer cells and their consequences on the growth and the metastatic potential of PCa.
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4
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The role of leptin and low testosterone in obesity. Int J Impot Res 2022; 34:704-713. [DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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5
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Llanos AA, Aremu JB, Cheng TYD, Chen W, Chekmareva MA, Cespedes Feliciano EM, Qin B, Lin Y, Omene C, Khoury T, Hong CC, Yao S, Ambrosone CB, Bandera EV, Demissie K. Greater Body Fatness Is Associated With Higher Protein Expression of LEPR in Breast Tumor Tissues: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Women's Circle of Health Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:879164. [PMID: 35846306 PMCID: PMC9277012 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.879164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underlying the association of overall and central body fatness with poorer breast cancer outcomes remain unclear; altered gene and/or protein expression of the adipokines and their receptors in breast tumors might play a role. METHODS In a sample of Black and White women with primary invasive breast cancer, we investigated associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass index (FMI), and percent body fat with protein expression (log-transformed, n = 722) and gene expression (log2-transformed, n = 148) of leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), and adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2). Multivariable linear models, adjusting for race, menopausal status, and estrogen receptor status, were used to assess these associations, with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS In multivariable models, we found that increasing BMI (β = 0.0529, 95% CI: 0.0151, 0.0906) and FMI (β = 0.0832, 95% CI: 0.0268, 0.1397) were associated with higher LEP gene expression, corresponding to 34.5% and 38.3% increases in LEP gene expression for a standard deviation (SD) increase in BMI and FMI, respectively. Increasing BMI (β = 0.0028, 95% CI: 0.0011, 0.0045), waist circumference (β = 0.0013, 95% CI: 0.0005, 0.0022), hip circumference (β = 0.0015, 95% CI: 0.0007, 0.0024), and FMI (β = 0.0041, 95% CI: 0.0015, 0.0067) were associated with higher LEPR protein expression. These associations equate to 16.8%, 17.6%, 17.7%, 17.2% increases in LEPR protein expression for a 1-SD increase in BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and FMI, respectively. Further, these associations were stronger among White and postmenopausal women and ER+ cases; formal tests of interaction yielded evidence of effect modification by race. No associations of body fatness with LEP protein expression, LEPR gene expression, or protein or gene expression of ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 were found. CONCLUSIONS These findings support an association of increased body fatness - beyond overall body size measured using BMI - with higher LEP gene expression and higher LEPR protein expression in breast tumor tissues. Clarifying the impact of adiposity-related adipokine and adipokine receptor expression in breast tumors on long-term breast cancer outcomes is a critical next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adana A.M. Llanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Adana A.M. Llanos,
| | - John B. Aremu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Wenjin Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Marina A. Chekmareva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | | | - Bo Qin
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Coral Omene
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Kitaw Demissie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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Sumida S, Iida T, Yoshikawa M, Nagaoka K. Association of Mammary Gland Disease With Metabolic Syndrome Factors in Japanese Women—Case-Control Study Based on Health Screening Results. BREAST CANCER: BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022; 16:11782234221127652. [PMID: 36353655 PMCID: PMC9638686 DOI: 10.1177/11782234221127652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association of obesity with breast cancer is clear. Although body mass
index (BMI) is used as an indicator of obesity, its accuracy remains
questionable. Although, there factors for diagnosing metabolic syndrome are
caused by obesity, the association with breast cancer has not been
clarified. Methods: Women who underwent breast cancer screening with mammography and measurements
of metabolic syndrome factors, including waist circumference, blood glucose,
triglycerides, HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, and
systolic and diastolic pressure, twice within a 2-year period were enrolled
(n = 314), with a final sample size of 256. To determine the presence of
mammary gland disease, 2 expert physicians interpreted radiogram findings,
with category 3 or higher shown by mammography considered to indicate an
abnormality. Results and Conclusions: Waist circumference at the initial measurement was marginally significant as
a risk factor for onset of mammary gland disease (odds ratio [OR] = 1.036,
P = .045) and thus was concluded to be a risk factor
for disease onset. Although not significant, a 2-year increase in systolic
and diastolic blood pressure has been presumed to be risk factors (systolic:
OR = 1.020, P = .085, diastolic: OR = 1.040,
P = .065), while high levels of HDL cholesterol have
been presumed to protect against the disease (OR = 0.982,
P = .064). Based on these results, waist circumference and
blood pressure are speculated to be related to development of mammary gland
disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakika Sumida
- Department of Radiology, Yoshida General Hospital, Akitakata, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Iida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara, Japan
| | - Masao Yoshikawa
- Preventive Medicine Promotion Research Center, Nisshin, Japan
| | - Kaoru Nagaoka
- Preventive Medicine Promotion Research Center, Nisshin, Japan
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7
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Jin TY, Saindane M, Park KS, Kim S, Nam S, Yoo Y, Yang JH, Yun I. LEP as a potential biomarker in prognosis of breast cancer: Systemic review and meta analyses (PRISMA). Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26896. [PMID: 34414945 PMCID: PMC8376305 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity strongly affects the prognosis of various malignancies, including breast cancer. Leptin (LEP) may be associated with obesity and breast cancer prognosis. The purpose of our study was to determine the prognostic value of LEP in breast cancer. METHOD We conducted a multi-omic analysis to determine the prognostic role of LEP. Different public bioinformatics platforms (Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, University of California Santa Cruz Xena, bc-GenExMiner, PrognoScan database, R2-Kaplan-Meier Scanner, UALCAN, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database , and The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery) were used to evaluate the roles of LEP. Clinicopathological variables were evaluated. RESULTS LEP was downregulated in breast cancer tissues compared to levels in normal tissues. By co-expressed gene analysis, a positive correlation between LEP and SLC19A3 was observed. Based on the clinicopathological analysis, low LEP expression was associated with older age, higher stage, lymph node status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, estrogen receptor (ER+) positivity, and progesterone receptor (PR+) positivity. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that low LEP expression indicated a poorer prognosis. LEP is hypermethylated in breast cancer tissues in PrognoScan and R2-Kaplan Meier Scanner, and low LEP expression was correlated with poor prognosis. LEP protein-protein interactions were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database. Gene ontology analysis results showed that cellular component is mainly associated with the endosome lumen, cytosol, and secretory granules and is upregulated. For the biological process energy reserve, metabolic processes exhibited the greatest regulation compared to the others. In molecular function, it was mainly enriched in a variety of combinations, but hormone activity showed the highest regulation. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence for the prognostic role of LEP in breast cancer and as a novel potential therapeutic target in such malignancies. Nevertheless, further validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yi Jin
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Madhuri Saindane
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Sik Park
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - SeongHoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - SangEun Nam
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - YoungBum Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Yang
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - IkJin Yun
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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8
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Feng H, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Shan B. Leptin acts on mesenchymal stem cells to promote chemoresistance in osteosarcoma cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6340-6351. [PMID: 32289750 PMCID: PMC7185129 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Leptin signaling influences osteoblastogenesis and modulates the fate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during bone and cartilage regeneration. Although MSCs abound in the osteosarcoma (OS) microenvironment, and leptin exhibits pro-tumorigenic properties, leptin's influence on OS progression and chemoresistant signaling in MSCs remains unclear. Using cell viability and apoptosis assays, we showed that medium conditioned by leptin-treated human MSCs promotes cisplatin resistance in cultured human OS cells. Moreover, GFP-LC3 expression and chloroquine treatment experiments showed that this effect is mediated by stimulation of autophagy in OS cells. TGF-β expression in MSCs was upregulated by leptin and suppressed by leptin receptor knockdown. Silencing TGF-β in MSCs also abolished OS cell chemoresistance induced by leptin-conditioned medium. Cisplatin resistance was also induced when leptin-conditioned MSCs were co-injected with MG-63 OS cells to generate subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice. Finally, we observed a significant correlation between autophagy-associated gene expression in OS clinical samples and patient prognosis. We conclude that leptin upregulates TGF-β in MSCs, which promotes autophagy-mediated chemoresistance in OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
- Hebei Province Xingtai People’s Hospital Postdoctoral Workstation, Xingtai 054031, Hebei, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Hebei Province Xingtai People’s Hospital Postdoctoral Workstation, Xingtai 054031, Hebei, China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
- Research Centre, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
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9
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Llanos AAM, Lin Y, Chen W, Yao S, Norin J, Chekmareva MA, Omene C, Cong L, Omilian AR, Khoury T, Hong CC, Ganesan S, Foran DJ, Higgins M, Ambrosone CB, Bandera EV, Demissie K. Immunohistochemical analysis of adipokine and adipokine receptor expression in the breast tumor microenvironment: associations of lower leptin receptor expression with estrogen receptor-negative status and triple-negative subtype. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:18. [PMID: 32046756 PMCID: PMC7014630 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-1256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms underlying the association between increased adiposity and aggressive breast cancer phenotypes remain unclear, but likely involve the adipokines, leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ), and their receptors (LEPR, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2). METHODS We used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess LEP, LEPR, ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 expression in breast tumor tissue microarrays among a sample of 720 women recently diagnosed with breast cancer (540 of whom self-identified as Black). We scored IHC expression quantitatively, using digital pathology analysis. We abstracted data on tumor grade, tumor size, tumor stage, lymph node status, Ki67, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) from pathology records, and used ER, PR, and HER2 expression data to classify breast cancer subtype. We used multivariable mixed effects models to estimate associations of IHC expression with tumor clinicopathology, in the overall sample and separately among Blacks. RESULTS Larger proportions of Black than White women were overweight or obese and had more aggressive tumor features. Older age, Black race, postmenopausal status, and higher body mass index were associated with higher LEPR IHC expression. In multivariable models, lower LEPR IHC expression was associated with ER-negative status and triple-negative subtype (P < 0.0001) in the overall sample and among Black women only. LEP, ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 IHC expression were not significantly associated with breast tumor clinicopathology. CONCLUSIONS Lower LEPR IHC expression within the breast tumor microenvironment might contribute mechanistically to inter-individual variation in aggressive breast cancer clinicopathology, particularly ER-negative status and triple-negative subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adana A M Llanos
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. .,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Wenjin Chen
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jorden Norin
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers School of Arts and Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Marina A Chekmareva
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Coral Omene
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lei Cong
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Angela R Omilian
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - David J Foran
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Higgins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kitaw Demissie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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10
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Xu Y, Tan M, Tian X, Zhang J, Zhang J, Chen J, Xu W, Sheng H. Leptin receptor mediates the proliferation and glucose metabolism of pancreatic cancer cells via AKT pathway activation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:945-952. [PMID: 31789415 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer‑related mortality worldwide. Leptin is an adipokine that is significantly increased in obese patients and that functions in various biological processes of cancer, such as tumor growth and metastasis. However, its role in PC cell proliferation and glucose metabolism and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, in vitro leptin treatment significantly promoted cell proliferation and increased glucose uptake and lactate production of human PC and healthy pancreas cells in a dose‑dependent manner, accompanied by increased expression of the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase II and glucose transporter 1. Furthermore, leptin receptor‑specific short hairpin RNAs were used to silence leptin receptor expression in PC cells, which had the opposite effect to leptin stimulation and decreased AKT phosphorylation. In addition, the effects of leptin stimulation were significantly counteracted by the AKT inhibitor LY294002, whereas the effects of leptin silencing were counteracted by AKT activator insulin‑like growth factor 1. The results of the present study suggested that leptin may contribute to cell proliferation and glucose metabolism of human PC cells, which may be through activation of the AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Xu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Meiyu Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shanghai Huashan Hospital, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Jiajie Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Huiming Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
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11
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Petruzzellis G, Valentini D, Del Bufalo F, Ceglie G, Carai A, Colafati GS, Agolini E, Diomedi-Camassei F, Corsetti T, Alessi I, Mastronuzzi A, Locatelli F, Cacchione A. Vemurafenib Treatment of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma in a Child With Down Syndrome. Front Oncol 2019; 9:277. [PMID: 31032231 PMCID: PMC6474392 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasms of childhood, but they are very rarely reported in children with Down Syndrome (DS), who develop more commonly different types of malignancies. In particular, we hereby report the case of an 8-years-old child with DS that presented to our attention for neurological and endocrinological issues. Brain imaging revealed the presence of a mass that was partially resected revealing a histological diagnosis of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), a rare WHO grade II tumor extending from the diencephalic region into the surrounding brain tissue. These tumors can harbor the BRAF mutation p.V600E, targetable by the specific inhibitor Vemurafenib. After confirming the presence of the mutation in the tumor, the patient was treated with Vemurafenib. The treatment proved to be effective, leading to a partial response and a stabilization of the disease. Usually, in patients with DS a reduction of the dose of chemotherapeutic drugs is necessary. Vemurafenib was instead well-tolerated as the only observed adverse effect was grade I skin toxicity. This is, to our knowledge, the first case of a PXA reported in a child with DS and the first DS patient treated with Vemurafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Petruzzellis
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Diletta Valentini
- Pediatric and Infectious Disease Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Del Bufalo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ceglie
- University Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Carai
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Agolini
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Corsetti
- Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Children's Hospital and Research Institute 'Bambino Gesù' (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Iside Alessi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.,Department of Gynecology/Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Cacchione
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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12
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Mongan AM, Lynam-Lennon N, Doyle SL, Casey R, Carr E, Cannon A, Conroy MJ, Pidgeon GP, Brennan L, Lysaght J, Reynolds JV, O'Sullivan J. Visceral Adipose Tissue Modulates Radiosensitivity in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:519-528. [PMID: 31171903 PMCID: PMC6535661 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.29296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is an exemplar model of obesity-associated cancer. Response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NA CRT) is a clinical challenge. We examined if visceral adipose tissue and obesity status alter radiosensitivity in OAC. The radioresistant (OE33R) and radioresponsive (OE33P) OAC isogenic model was cultured with adipose tissue conditioned media from three patient cohorts: non-cancer patients, surgery only OAC patients and NA CRT OAC patients. Cell survival was characterised by clonogenic assay, metabolomic profiling by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and adipokine receptor gene expression by qPCR. A retrospective in vivo study compared tumour response to NA CRT in normal weight (n=53) versus overweight/obese patients (n=148). Adipose conditioned media (ACM) from all patient cohorts significantly increased radiosensitivity in radioresistant OE33R cells. ACM from the NA CRT OAC cohort increased radiosensitivity in OE33P cells. Metabolomic profiling demonstrated separation of the non-cancer and surgery only OAC cohorts and between the non-cancer and NA CRT OAC cohorts. Gene expression profiling of OE33P versus OE33R cells demonstrated differential expression of the adiponectin receptor-1 (AR1), adiponectin receptor-2 (AR2), leptin receptor (LepR) and neuropilin receptor-1 (NRP1) genes. In vivo overweight/obese OAC patients achieved an enhanced tumour response following NA CRT compared to normal weight patients. This study demonstrates that visceral adipose tissue modulates the cellular response to radiation in OAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Marie Mongan
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Niamh Lynam-Lennon
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Suzanne L Doyle
- School of Biological Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rory Casey
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Eibhlin Carr
- School of Agriculture & Food Science, Science Centre-South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Aoife Cannon
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Graham P Pidgeon
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- School of Agriculture & Food Science, Science Centre-South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
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13
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Coughlin SS, Kapuku G. Physical Activity, Weight Control, and Biomarkers of Prognosis and Survival among Breast Cancer Survivors. ARCHIVES OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 2018; 3:10.29011/2257-2252.100027. [PMID: 31179439 PMCID: PMC6550489 DOI: 10.29011/2257-2252.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity and obesity may increase risk of poor prognosis in breast cancer through effects on insulin or insulin-like growth factors or their binding proteins, insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, sex hormones, leptin and other adipokines, immunologic or inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage or repair capacity. The present review is based upon bibliographic searches in PubMed and relevant search terms. Articles published in English from January 1, 1980 through October 1, 2018 were identified using the following MeSH search terms and Boolean algebra commands: breast cancer survivors AND (insulin-like growth factor OR insulin resistance OR glucose metabolism OR sex hormones OR leptin OR adipokines OR immunologic OR inflammatory factors OR oxidative stress OR DNA repair capacity). After screening the abstracts or full texts of these articles and reviewing the references of previous review articles, a total of 66 studies met the eligibility criteria. Based upon published studies, it is difficult to determine the type or dose of exercise that affects inflammatory markers among breast cancer survivors. The optimal type of exercise, dose, and timing of physical activity needed to improve the inflammatory profile following a breast cancer diagnosis is unknown. Studies have used a range of physical activity types including aerobic, resistance training, yoga, and Tai Chi. A further issue is that existing studies of physical activity and biomarkers have included a range of disease stages. There is a need for a better understanding of the biological pathways through which physical activity and weight management increase survival in order to design targeted weight loss and exercise interventions for breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Scott Coughlin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, USA
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, USA
| | - Gaston Kapuku
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, USA
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14
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Down Syndrome, Obesity, Alzheimer's Disease, and Cancer: A Brief Review and Hypothesis. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8040053. [PMID: 29587359 PMCID: PMC5924389 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8040053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (trisomy 21), a complex mix of physical, mental, and biochemical issues, includes an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and childhood leukemia, a decreased risk of other tumors, and a high frequency of overweight/obesity. Certain features related to the third copy of chromosome 21 (which carries the APP gene and several anti-angiogenesis genes) create an environment favorable for Alzheimer’s disease and unfavorable for cancer. This environment may be enhanced by two bioactive compounds from fat cells, leptin, and adiponectin. This paper outlines these fat-related disease mechanisms and suggests new avenues of research to reduce disease risk in Down syndrome.
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15
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Ashktorab H, Soleimani A, Nichols A, Sodhi K, Laiyemo AO, Nunlee-Bland G, Nouraie SM, Brim H. Adiponectin, Leptin, IGF-1, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha As Potential Serum Biomarkers for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Colorectal Adenoma in African Americans. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:77. [PMID: 29593647 PMCID: PMC5857920 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential role of adiponectin, leptin, IGF-1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as biomarkers in colorectal adenoma is not clear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the blood serum levels of these biomarkers in colorectal adenoma. The case-control study consisted of serum from 180 African American patients with colon adenoma (cases) and 198 healthy African Americans (controls) at Howard University Hospital. We used ELISA for adiponectin, leptin, IGF-1, and TNF-α detection and quantification. Statistical analysis was performed by t-test and multivariate logistic regression. The respective differences in median leptin, adiponectin, IGF-1, and TNF-α levels between control and case groups (13.9 vs. 16.4), (11.3 vs. 46.0), (4.5 vs. 12.9), and (71.4 vs. 130.8) were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In a multivariate model, the odds ratio for adiponectin, TNF-α, and IGF-1 were 2.0 (95% CI = 1.6-2.5; P < 0.001), 1.5 (95% CI = 1.5(1.1-2.0); P = 0.004), and 1.6 (95% CI = 1.3-2.0; P < 0.001), respectively. There was a positive correlation between serum adiponectin and IGF-1 concentrations with age (r = 0.17, P < 0.001 and r = 0.13, P = 0.009), TNF-α, IGF-1, and leptin concentration with body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.44, P < 0.001; r = 0.11, P = 0.03; and r = 0.48, P < 0.001), respectively. Also, there was a negative correlation between adiponectin and leptin concentrations with BMI (r = -0.40, P < 0.001), respectively. These data support the hypothesis that adiponectin, IGF-1, and TNF-α high levels correlate with higher risk of colon adenoma and can thus be used for colorectal adenomas risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
- *Correspondence: Hassan Ashktorab,
| | | | - Alexandra Nichols
- Department of Surgery and Pharmacology, Translational Research, Marshall University Joan Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery and Pharmacology, Translational Research, Marshall University Joan Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Adeyinka O. Laiyemo
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
- Endocrinology Division, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Hassan Brim
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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16
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Gui Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Xu S, Luo X, Chen L. The association between obesity related adipokines and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75389-75399. [PMID: 29088874 PMCID: PMC5650429 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of breast cancer is significantly increased among obese women as the deleterious adipokines can be over secreted and beneficial adipokines can be hyposecreted. We aim to evaluate the association between obesity-associated adipokines and breast cancer. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM) databases for studies reporting association of obesity related adipokines with breast cancer published before Sept. 15, 2015. Initially, 26783 publications were identified, and later, 119 articles were selected for further meta-analysis. Out of these 119 studies, twenty-six studies had reported adipokine levels among obese and non-obese healthy subjects and ninety-three studies had reported adipokine levels among patients with breast cancer. The subjects with BMI >25 kg/m2 had significantly lower adiponectin levels and higher leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels than those with BMI <25 kg/m2. Decreased concentrations of adiponectin, and increased concentrations of leptin, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, resistin and visfatin were significantly associated with risk of breast cancer. Adipokine levels were strongly associated with breast cancer among Asian women as compared to non-Asian women. Our results might explain the relationship of obesity, adipokine levels and risk of breast cancer, especially in Asian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gui
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinwen Pan
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianchun Chen
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuman Xu
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangdong Luo
- Burn Research Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Burns, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Burns, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
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17
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[Outcomes of patients with breast cancer in function of their body mass index]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 45:215-223. [PMID: 28359803 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of patients with breast cancer in function of the body mass index (BMI). METHODS The study cohort consisted of consecutive women undergoing surgery for breast cancer in our institution between January 2009, and September 2013. Individual records of all patients were reviewed and analyzed. Patient BMI was categorized as underweight, normal, overweight and obese. RESULTS A total of 1599 patients were evaluated. Patients were followed for one to 265months with a mean of 36.4months. The number of patients in each of the BMI categories was 66, 779, 463 and 291 for underweight, normal, overweight and obese women respectively. Women with higher BMI were more frequently affected by hypertension (18, 21, 35 and 47% respectively, P<0.0001) and diabetes (3, 2, 7 and 7% respectively, P<0.0001). Obese women had more frequently an inflammatory presentation (P=0.006), larger tumour size (P=0.038) and axillary lymph node involvement (P=0.03) with much more positive lymph nodes (P=0.02). Patients had the same protocols of treatment (surgery and adjuvant treatment). There was no statistically significant difference in overall 5-years survival between groups (P=0.30). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrate a more aggressive clinical and histological presentation for obese women with breast cancer.
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18
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Babic A, Bao Y, Qian ZR, Yuan C, Giovannucci EL, Aschard H, Kraft P, Amundadottir LT, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Morales-Oyarvide V, Ng K, Stampfer MJ, Ogino S, Buring JE, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Rifai N, Pollak MN, Anderson ML, Cochrane BB, Luo J, Manson JE, Fuchs CS, Wolpin BM. Pancreatic Cancer Risk Associated with Prediagnostic Plasma Levels of Leptin and Leptin Receptor Genetic Polymorphisms. Cancer Res 2016; 76:7160-7167. [PMID: 27780823 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Leptin is an adipokine involved in regulating energy balance, which has been identified as a potential biologic link in the development of obesity-associated cancers, such as pancreatic cancer. In this prospective, nested case-control study of 470 cases and 1,094 controls from five U.S. cohorts, we used conditional logistic regression to evaluate pancreatic cancer risk by prediagnostic plasma leptin, adjusting for race/ethnicity, diabetes, body mass index, physical activity, plasma C-peptide, adiponectin, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Because of known differences in leptin levels by gender, analyses were conducted separately for men and women. We also evaluated associations between 32 tagging SNPs in the leptin receptor (LEPR) gene and pancreatic cancer risk. Leptin levels were higher in female versus male control participants (median, 20.8 vs. 6.7 ng/mL; P < 0.0001). Among men, plasma leptin was positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk and those in the top quintile had a multivariable-adjusted OR of 3.02 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-7.16; Ptrend = 0.02] compared with men in the bottom quintile. Among women, circulating leptin was not associated with pancreatic cancer risk (Ptrend = 0.21). Results were similar across cohorts (Pheterogeneity = 0.88 for two male cohorts and 0.35 for three female cohorts). In genetic analyses, rs10493380 in LEPR was associated with increased pancreatic cancer risk among women, with an OR per minor allele of 1.54 (95% CI, 1.18-2.02; multiple hypothesis-corrected P = 0.03). No SNPs were significantly associated with risk in men. In conclusion, higher prediagnostic levels of plasma leptin were associated with an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer among men, but not among women. Cancer Res; 76(24); 7160-7. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Babic
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Bao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhi Rong Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chen Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laufey T Amundadottir
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John Michael Gaziano
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nader Rifai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael N Pollak
- Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthew L Anderson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Juhua Luo
- Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
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19
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Amjadi F, Mehdipoor R, Zarkesh-Esfahani H, Javanmard SH. Leptin serves as angiogenic/mitogenic factor in melanoma tumor growth. Adv Biomed Res 2016; 5:127. [PMID: 27563637 PMCID: PMC4976532 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.187005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor development is angiogenesis dependent. There is evidence that leptin contributes to tumor growth. However, all the mechanisms by which leptin does this has not been clearly established. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that leptin enhances melanoma tumor growth through inducing angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Materials and Methods: We injected 2 × 106 B16F10 melanoma cells subcutaneously to 32 C57BL6 mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals, on day 8. Two groups received twice daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of either phosphate buffered saline or recombinant murine leptin (1 μg/g initial body weight). Two groups received i.p. injections of either 9F8 an anti leptin receptor antibody or the control mouse IgG at 50 μg/injection every 3 consecutive days. By the end of the 2nd week, the animals were euthanized and blood samples and tumors were analyzed. Angiogenesis and proliferation were assessed by immunohistochemical staining for CD31 and Ki-67 respectively. Results: Tumors size, capillary density, plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, and the number of Ki-67-positive stained cells were significantly more in the leptin than 9F8 and both control groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, our findings reinforce the idea that leptin acts as an angiogenic and mitogenic factor to promote melanoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemehsadat Amjadi
- Department of Physiology, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Mehdipoor
- Isfahan Medical Student Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Zarkesh-Esfahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Immunology, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Zheng XJ, Yang ZX, Dong YJ, Zhang GY, Sun MF, An XK, Pan LH, Zhang SL. Downregulation of leptin inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells via the Notch and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways. Biol Open 2016; 5:794-800. [PMID: 27185268 PMCID: PMC4920192 DOI: 10.1242/bio.017798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have documented that leptin is involved in the pathogenesis of many human cancer types by regulation of numerous signal transduction pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological roles of leptin and the mechanisms attributed to its action in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The expression of leptin was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot in seven NSCLC cell lines. Proliferation and apoptosis of NSCLC cells in response to leptin knockdown were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The effect of leptin knockdown on the Notch and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways was further examined by western blot. Leptin expression was significantly increased in NSCLC cell lines compared with normal human bronchial epithelial cell HBE. Leptin knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in NSCLC cell lines through inactivation of the Notch and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways. Furthermore, gene silencing of Notch signaling with Notch-1 siRNA or inhibition of JAK/STAT3 signaling by JSI-124, an inhibitor of STAT3, resulted in proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in NSCLC A549 cells. Our findings suggested that leptin knockdown could become a new approach for the prevention of lung cancer progression, which is likely to be mediated at least partially by inactivation of the Notch and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways. Summary: Leptin knockdown could become a new approach for the prevention of lung cancer progression, which we have shown is likely to be mediated by inactivation of the Notch and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jie Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
| | - Yan-Jun Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
| | - Guo-Yu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
| | - Ming-Fei Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
| | - Xiao-Kang An
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
| | - Li-Hong Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
| | - Shuang-Lin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475000, China
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21
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Fan Y, Gan Y, Shen Y, Cai X, Song Y, Zhao F, Yao M, Gu J, Tu H. Leptin signaling enhances cell invasion and promotes the metastasis of human pancreatic cancer via increasing MMP-13 production. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16120-34. [PMID: 25948792 PMCID: PMC4599260 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has suggested that leptin, an adipokine related to energy homeostasis, plays a role in cancer growth and metastasis. However, its impact on pancreatic cancer is rarely studied. In this study, we found that leptin's functional receptor Ob-Rb was expressed in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Treatment with leptin enhanced the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells but did not affect the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells. Leptin up-regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The overexpression of leptin was shown to significantly promote tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in a subcutaneous model and an orthotopic model of human pancreatic cancer, respectively. Furthermore, in human pancreatic cancer tissues, the expression of Ob-Rb was positively correlated with the MMP-13 level. The increased expression of either Ob-Rb or MMP-13 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and tended to be associated with the TNM stage in patients with pancreatic cancer. Our findings suggest that leptin enhances the invasion of pancreatic cancer through the increase in MMP-13 production, and targeting the leptin/MMP-13 axis could be an attractive therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianren Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Ho GYF, Zheng SL, Cushman M, Perez-Soler R, Kim M, Xue X, Wang T, Schlecht NF, Tinker L, Rohan TE, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Wallace R, Chen C, Xu J, Yu H. Associations of Insulin and IGFBP-3 with Lung Cancer Susceptibility in Current Smokers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djw012. [PMID: 27071409 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling network is involved in lung carcinogenesis. This study examined whether ligands that activate or suppress the EGFR signaling network were associated with lung cancer risk in ever smokers. METHODS A nested case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative assessed baseline plasma levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, interleukin (IL)-6, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) in 1143 ever-smoking lung cancer cases and 1143 controls. Leptin was measured as an adiposity biomarker. Conditional logistic regression was used in data analyses. RESULTS Leptin was inversely associated with lung cancer risk (odds ratio [ORcontinuous] per Ln [pg/mL] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.74 to 0.98). After adjusting for adiposity and other risk factors, null associations were found for IL-6, HGF, and NGF. In current smokers, but not former smokers, high insulin levels were associated with increased lung cancer risk (OR for 4th quartile vs others [ORq4] = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.30 to 3.26) whereas IGFBP-3 had a linear inverse association (ORcontinuous per μg/mL = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.41 to 0.98). The insulin association was consistent across subgroups defined by body mass index and histological type, but the IGFBP-3 association was specific to small cell lung cancer. There was a modest positive association between IGF-1 and lung cancer risk in current smokers (ORq4 = 1.44, 95% CI = 0.90 to 2.29). CONCLUSIONS Independent of obesity, high insulin levels but reduced levels of IGFBP-3 were associated with increased lung cancer risk in current smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Y F Ho
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Siqun L Zheng
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Mary Cushman
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Roman Perez-Soler
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Mimi Kim
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Tao Wang
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Nicolas F Schlecht
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Lesley Tinker
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Thomas E Rohan
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Robert Wallace
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Chu Chen
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
| | - Herbert Yu
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology & Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine , Great Neck, NY (GYFH); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (GYFH, MK, XX, TW, NFS, TER, SWS) and Department of Medicine (RPS, NFS), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, NC (SLZ); Departments of Medicine & Pathology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT (MC); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA (LT, CC); Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA (RW); NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston, IL (JX); University of Hawaii Cancer Center , Honolulu, HI (HY)
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Yamamoto M, Uchihashi K, Aoki S, Koike E, Kakihara N, Toda S. Interaction between thyrocytes and adipose tissue in vitro. Pathol Int 2016; 66:148-157. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihoko Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Uchihashi
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Shigehisa Aoki
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | | | - Nahoko Kakihara
- Division of Function & Morphology for Nursing; Department of Basic Science of Nursing; Faculty of Medicine; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Shuji Toda
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Saga University; Saga Japan
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24
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Blanquer-Rosselló MDM, Oliver J, Sastre-Serra J, Valle A, Roca P. Leptin regulates energy metabolism in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 72:18-26. [PMID: 26772821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to be a poorer prognosis factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Among the diverse endocrine factors associated to obesity, leptin has received special attention since it promotes breast cancer cell growth and invasiveness, processes which force cells to adapt their metabolism to satisfy the increased demands of energy and biosynthetic intermediates. Taking this into account, our aim was to explore the effects of leptin in the metabolism of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Polarographic analysis revealed that leptin increased oxygen consumption rate and cellular ATP levels were more dependent on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in leptin-treated cells compared to the more glycolytic control cells. Experiments with selective inhibitors of glycolysis (2-DG), fatty acid oxidation (etomoxir) or aminoacid deprivation showed that ATP levels were more reliant on fatty acid oxidation. In agreement, levels of key proteins involved in lipid catabolism (FAT/CD36, CPT1, PPARα) and phosphorylation of the energy sensor AMPK were increased by leptin. Regarding glucose, cellular uptake was not affected by leptin, but lactate release was deeply repressed. Analysis of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and pyruvate carboxylase (PC) together with the pentose-phosphate pathway enzyme glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) revealed that leptin favors the use of glucose for biosynthesis. These results point towards a role of leptin in metabolic reprogramming, consisting of an enhanced use of glucose for biosynthesis and lipids for energy production. This metabolic adaptations induced by leptin may provide benefits for MCF-7 growth and give support to the reverse Warburg effect described in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Del Mar Blanquer-Rosselló
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d́Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03) Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S., E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Jordi Oliver
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d́Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03) Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S., E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Jorge Sastre-Serra
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d́Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03) Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S., E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Adamo Valle
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d́Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03) Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S., E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain.
| | - Pilar Roca
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d́Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03) Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S., E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
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25
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Ding Y, Cao Y, Wang B, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Chen X, Li M, Wang C. APPL1-Mediating Leptin Signaling Contributes to Proliferation and Migration of Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166172. [PMID: 27820851 PMCID: PMC5098739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin has been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, particularly in obese patients. As a multifunctional adaptor protein, APPL1 (containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain, and a leucine zipper motif 1) plays a critical role in regulating adiponectin and insulin signaling pathways. Currently, high APPL1 level has been suggested to be related to metastases and progression of some types of cancer. However, the intercourse between leptin signaling pathway and APPL1 remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the protein levels and phosphorylation statues of APPL1were highly expressed in tissues from human hepatocellular carcinoma and triple-positive breast cancer. Leptin stimulated APPL1 phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner in both human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell and breast cancer MCF-7 cell. Overexpression or suppression of APPL1 promoted or attenuated, respectively, leptin-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, ERK1/2, and Akt in the cancer cells, accompanied with enhanced or mitigated cell proliferation and migration. In addition, we identified that APPL1 directly bound to both leptin receptor and STAT3. This interaction was significantly enhanced by leptin stimulation. Our results suggested that APPL1 positively mediated leptin signaling and promoted leptin-induced proliferation and migration of cancer cells. This finding reveals a novel mechanism by which leptin promotes the motility and growth of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yingkang Cao
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yemin Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Deling Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- * E-mail:
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Özkan NT, Tokmak A, Güzel Aİ, Özkan S, çİçek MN. The association between endometrial polyps and metabolic syndrome: a case-control study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2015; 55:274-8. [PMID: 26044674 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial polyps are common benign gynaecologic disorders. The etiopathogenesis of this condition remains unclear, however obesity is an important risk factor for the development of endometrial polyps. AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate a possible association between endometrial polyps and clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five women with endometrial polyps (study group) and 45 without (control group) were included in this cross-sectional study. The main parameters evaluated between the groups were age, BMI (body mass index), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, serum lipid profiles, fasting glucose levels and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of BMI, WC, insulin levels and HOMA-IR (P < 0.05). The MetS was present in 32 (71.1%) of women in the study group and in 6 (13.3%) in the control group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression demonstrated that MetS was a significant risk factor for endometrial polyps. ROC curve analysis also showed that MetS was the most significant discriminative risk factor in the study group with an AUC of 0.789 (0.691-0.887; CI 95%). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that there may be a relationship between endometrial polyps, MetS and insulin resistance. Further studies are required to explain the role of this relationship in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlı Topfedaisi Özkan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aytekin Tokmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali İrfan Güzel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Özkan
- Department of Cardiology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Nedim çİçek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Tran AQ, Cohen JG, Li AJ. Impact of obesity on secondary cytoreductive surgery and overall survival in women with recurrent ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 138:263-6. [PMID: 26037901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity may negatively influence tumor biology in women with epithelial ovarian cancers. To date, only body mass indices (BMI) determined at the time of diagnosis have correlated with clinical outcome. We hypothesized that obesity negatively affects survival throughout the disease course, and sought to determine the prognostic role of BMI at the time of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) for recurrent ovarian cancer. METHODS We performed a review of patients undergoing SCS for recurrent epithelial ovarian or peritoneal cancer between 1997 and 2012. We retrospectively reviewed data which were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier survival, and Cox regression analysis. BMI was defined according to the National Institutes of Health's categorizations. RESULTS We identified 104 patients; 2 were underweight, 46 were of ideal body weight, 32 were overweight, and 24 were obese. Overall, 90 patients underwent optimal resection and BMI did not correlate with ability to perform optimal SCS (p=0.25). When examining BMI strata (underweight, ideal, overweight, and obese), we observed a statistical trend between increasing BMI and poor outcome; median survival was undetermined (greater than 50 months), 46 months, 38 months, and 34 months, respectively (p=0.04). In a multivariate analysis, BMI was an independent predictor of survival (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of women undergoing SCS for recurrent ovarian cancer, BMI significantly and independently correlated with overall survival. This observation suggests an effect of excess weight on tumor biology and/or response to treatment that is prevalent throughout the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur-Quan Tran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635 West 3rd Street, Suite 280W, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Joshua G Cohen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Cancer Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635 West 3rd Street, Suite 280W, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andrew J Li
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Cancer Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635 West 3rd Street, Suite 280W, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Begenik H, Aslan M, Dulger AC, Emre H, Kemik A, Kemik O, Esen R. Serum leptin levels in gastric cancer patients and the relationship with insulin resistance. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:346-52. [PMID: 25995751 PMCID: PMC4424252 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.50967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serum leptin levels have been examined in various cancers, with conflicting results. However, there is limited information regarding serum leptin levels and insulin resistance in gastric cancer patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate serum leptin levels, performance status, insulin levels and insulin resistance in patients with gastric cancer. In addition, we examined the relationship between these measurements and leptin levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients with gastric cancer and 30 control subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum leptin, total protein, albumin, growth hormone, insulin and glucose levels were measured. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used to assess insulin resistance. RESULTS Serum levels of insulin, glucose and growth hormone and insulin resistance were significantly lower in gastric cancer patients than controls (p < 0.05 for all). In the Pearson correlation analysis, insulin resistance was found to be significantly correlated with serum leptin levels in gastric cancer patients (r = 0.320, p = 0.047). We observed a significant negative correlation between performance status and insulin resistance in patients with cachexia (r = -0.512, p = 0.030), while no association was found in non-cachectic patients. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that serum leptin levels are significantly lower in gastric cancer patients. In addition, gastric cancer patients have decreases in insulin levels, insulin resistance and growth hormone levels. This study found a positive association between serum leptin levels and insulin resistance. Moreover, there is a negative association between serum leptin levels and growth hormone levels. Thus, low insulin and growth hormone levels may suppress the production of leptin in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Begenik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Aslan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cumhur Dulger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Habib Emre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ahu Kemik
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kemik
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Esen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Salivary and serum leptin levels in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:39-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased breast cancer risk: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Breast Cancer 2014; 2014:189384. [PMID: 25653879 PMCID: PMC4295135 DOI: 10.1155/2014/189384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Although individual metabolic risk factors are reported to be associated with breast cancer risk, controversy surrounds risk of breast cancer from metabolic syndrome (MS). We report the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between MS and breast cancer risk in all adult females. Methods. Studies were retrieved by searching four electronic reference databases [PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, and ProQuest through June 30, 2012] and cross-referencing retrieved articles. Eligible for inclusion were longitudinal studies reporting associations between MS and breast cancer risk among females aged 18 years and older. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each study and pooled using random-effects models. Publication bias was assessed quantitatively (Trim and Fill) and qualitatively (funnel plots). Heterogeneity was examined using Q and I2 statistics. Results. Representing nine independent cohorts and 97,277 adult females, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. A modest, positive association was observed between MS and breast cancer risk (RR: 1.47, 95% CI, 1.15–1.87; z = 3.13; p = 0.002; Q = 26.28, p = 0.001; I2 = 69.55%). No publication bias was observed. Conclusions. MS is associated with increased breast cancer risk in adult women.
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Ren H, Jia L, Zhao T, Zhang H, Chen J, Yang S, Liu J, Yu M, Hao J. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α directly activates leptin receptor (Ob-R) in pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:172-80. [PMID: 25130171 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the regulatory mechanism of leptin receptors (Ob-R) in pancreatic cancer. We found that the over-expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1)α and hypoxia up-regulated the expression of Ob-R in pancreatic cancer cells. When HIF-1α gene was silenced in vitro, the expression of Ob-R was significantly decreased. Xenograft mouse models showed that the inhibition of HIF-1α resulted in the concomitant decrease of Ob-R in vivo. In addition, HIF-1α expression was correlated with Ob-R in pancreatic cancer tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Clinical data showed that over-expression of HIF-1 was associated with pathological tumor node metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis and overall survival. HIF-1α directly bound to the hypoxia-responsive element (HRE) located in Ob-R gene promoter (-828/-832) and activated the transcription. Finally, we demonstrated that the silence of HIF-1α gene reversed the inhibitory effect of leptin/Ob-R in pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, our results indicate that HIF-1α directly regulated Ob-R expression in pancreatic cancer, which might be a valuable therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingling Jia
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tiansuo Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoguang Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingcheng Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Yu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jihui Hao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Aleksandrova K, Boeing H, Nöthlings U, Jenab M, Fedirko V, Kaaks R, Lukanova A, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Boffetta P, Trepo E, Westhpal S, Duarte-Salles T, Stepien M, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Halkjær J, Boutron-Ruault MC, Dossus L, Racine A, Lagiou P, Bamia C, Benetou V, Agnoli C, Palli D, Panico S, Tumino R, Vineis P, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Peeters PH, Gram IT, Lund E, Weiderpass E, Quirós JR, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Gavrila D, Barricarte A, Dorronsoro M, Ohlsson B, Lindkvist B, Johansson A, Sund M, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Travis RC, Riboli E, Pischon T. Inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers and risk of liver and biliary tract cancer. Hepatology 2014; 60:858-71. [PMID: 24443059 PMCID: PMC4231978 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Obesity and associated metabolic disorders have been implicated in liver carcinogenesis; however, there are little data on the role of obesity-related biomarkers on liver cancer risk. We studied prospectively the association of inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers with risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IBD), and gallbladder and biliary tract cancers outside of the liver (GBTC) in a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Over an average of 7.7 years, 296 participants developed HCC (n=125), GBTC (n=137), or IBD (n=34). Using risk-set sampling, controls were selected in a 2:1 ratio and matched for recruitment center, age, sex, fasting status, and time of blood collection. Baseline serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-peptide, total high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, fetuin-a, and glutamatdehydrogenase (GLDH) were measured, and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. After adjustment for lifestyle factors, diabetes, hepatitis infection, and adiposity measures, higher concentrations of CRP, IL-6, C-peptide, and non-HMW adiponectin were associated with higher risk of HCC (IRR per doubling of concentrations=1.22; 95% CI=1.02-1.46; P=0.03; 1.90; 95% CI=1.30-2.77; P=0.001; 2.25; 95% CI=1.43-3.54; P=0.0005; and 2.09; 95% CI=1.19-3.67; P=0.01, respectively). CRP was associated also with risk of GBTC (IRR=1.22; 95% CI=1.05-1.42; P=0.01). GLDH was associated with risks of HCC (IRR=1.62; 95% CI=1.25-2.11; P=0.0003) and IBD (IRR=10.5; 95% CI=2.20-50.90; P=0.003). The continuous net reclassification index was 0.63 for CRP, IL-6, C-peptide, and non-HMW adiponectin and 0.46 for GLDH, indicating good predictive ability of these biomarkers. CONCLUSION Elevated levels of biomarkers of inflammation and hyperinsulinemia are associated with a higher risk of HCC, independent of obesity and established liver cancer risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-RehbrückeNuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-RehbrückeNuthetal, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of KielKiel, Germany
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Nutritional and Food Science, Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnBonn, Germany
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/World Health Organization [WHO])Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/World Health Organization [WHO])Lyon, France
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory UniversityAtlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory UniversityAtlanta, GA
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research CenterHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Annekatrin Lukanova
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research CenterHeidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, University of UmeåUmeå, Sweden
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens, Greece
- Hellenic Health FoundationAthens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Hellenic Health FoundationAthens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public HealthBoston, MA
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of AthensAthens, Greece
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Mount Sinai School of MedicineNew York, NY
| | | | - Sabine Westhpal
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Talita Duarte-Salles
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/World Health Organization [WHO])Lyon, France
| | - Magdalena Stepien
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/World Health Organization [WHO])Lyon, France
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health TeamVillejuif, France
- Université Paris SudUMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuif, France
| | - Laure Dossus
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health TeamVillejuif, France
- Université Paris SudUMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuif, France
| | - Antoine Racine
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health TeamVillejuif, France
- Université Paris SudUMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuif, France
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public HealthBoston, MA
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of AthensAthens, Greece
| | - Christina Bamia
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens, Greece
- Hellenic Health FoundationAthens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Benetou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens, Greece
- Hellenic Health FoundationAthens, Greece
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale TumoriMilano, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO)Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II UniversityNaples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, “M.P. Arezzo” HospitalRagusa, Italy
| | - Paolo Vineis
- HuGeF FoundationTurin, Italy
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical CenterUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical CenterUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inger Torhild Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of TromsøTromsø, Norway
| | - Eiliv Lund
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of TromsøTromsø, Norway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of TromsøTromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of NorwayOslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
- Samfundet FolkhälsanHelsinki, Finland
| | | | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of OncologyBarcelona, Spain
| | - María-José Sánchez
- Andalusian School of Public HealthGranada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP)Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Gavrila
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Politica SocialMurcia, Spain
- Navarre Public Health InstitutePamplona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP)Madrid, Spain
- Navarre Public Health InstitutePamplona, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction, Basque Regional Health Department and BioDonostia Research Institute-CIBERESPSan Sebastian, Spain
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund UniversityMalmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Lindkvist
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Odontology/Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå UniversityUmeå, Sweden
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery and Public Health, Nutrition Research, Umea UniversityUmea, Sweden
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridge, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of OxfordOxford, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-BuchBerlin-Buch, Germany
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Dubois V, Jardé T, Delort L, Billard H, Bernard-Gallon D, Berger E, Geloen A, Vasson MP, Caldefie-Chezet F. Leptin induces a proliferative response in breast cancer cells but not in normal breast cells. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:645-55. [PMID: 24738610 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.894104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Leptin, a hormone excessively produced during obesity, is suggested to be involved in breast cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate procarcinogenic potential of leptin by evaluating influence of leptin on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and signaling on numerous breast cells lines, including 184B5 normal cells, MCF10A fibrocystic cells and MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T47D cancer cells. Expressions of leptin and Ob-R were analyzed using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, proliferation using fluorimetric resazurin reduction test and xCELLigence system, apoptosis and cell cycle by flow cytometry, and effect of leptin on different signalling pathways using qRT-PCR and Western blot. Cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of leptin. All cell lines expressed mRNA and protein of leptin and Ob-R. Leptin stimulated proliferation of all cell lines except for 184B5 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Leptin inhibited apoptosis but didn't alter proportion of cells within cell cycle in MCF7 cells. Leptin induced overexpression of leptin, Ob-R, estrogen receptor, and aromatase mRNA in MCF-7 and T47D cells. Autoregulation induced by leptin, relationship with estrogen pathway, and proliferative and antiapoptic activity in breast cancer cells may explain that obesity-associated hyperleptinemia may be a breast cancer risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Dubois
- a Clermont-Université , Université d'Auvergne , Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France and INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand , France
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Yoon KW, Park SY, Kim JY, Lee SM, Park CH, Cho SB, Lee WS, Joo YE, Lee JH, Kim HS, Choi SK, Rew JS. Leptin-induced adhesion and invasion in colorectal cancer cell lines. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2493-8. [PMID: 24700392 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin, which is encoded by the obese gene, is a multifunctional neuroendocrine peptide that regulates appetite, bone formation, reproductive function and angiogenesis. The aims of the present study were to investigate the expression of leptin in 80 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to determine the effects of leptin on the malignant properties of CRC cells. We evaluated the expression of leptin in tissues of 80 patients with CRC. Suspension cultures were used to isolate CRC stem cells following pretreatment with leptin. We analyzed the effects of leptin on the adhesion and invasive capacities of CRC cell lines. The effects of leptin on JAK and ERK activation were examined using western blotting. Leptin expression was associated with CRC progression and increased the number and size of spheroid formation by CRC cell lines. Leptin enhanced cell invasion and adhesion and activated JAK and ERK signaling in the CRC cell lines. The present study demonstrated that leptin influences the growth and survival of CRC stem cells and regulates adhesion and invasion of colorectal carcinoma through activation of the JAK and ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Won Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bum Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Sik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Rew
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Dong-ku, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
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Lin S, YuJun L, XiaoMing X, WenWen R. Expression and significance of leptin receptor, p-STAT3 and p-AKT in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:126-30. [PMID: 24054064 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the expression and clinical significance of leptin receptor (OBR), p-STAT3 and p-AKT in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemistry revealed high expression of OBR, p-STAT3 and p-AKT in 45.0% (36/80), 28.8% (23/80) and 18.8% (15/80) cases of DLBCL, respectively, and minimal staining in 100% (20/20) cases of RLH (P<0.05). Compared with GCB group, the non-GCB group had higher p-STAT3 expression rate (21/57 vs. 2/23, P<0.01). The expression of OBR was positively related with that of p-STAT3 and p-AKT in DLBCL patients (P<0.05). Our data suggest that OBR stimulates the JAK/STAT and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and induces the phosphorylation of STAT3 and AKT. This may be involved in carcinogenesis and prognosis of DLBCL. The specific inhibitions could interfere in the combination of leptin with OBR and obstruct the JAK/STAT and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, which could lead to new research and treatment strategies for DLBCL treatment.
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Saxena NK, Sharma D. Multifaceted leptin network: the molecular connection between obesity and breast cancer. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2013; 18:309-20. [PMID: 24214584 PMCID: PMC4747028 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-013-9308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High plasma levels of leptin, a major adipocytokine produced by adipocytes, are correlated with increased fat mass in obese state. Leptin is emerging as a key candidate molecule linking obesity with breast cancer. Acting via endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine manner, leptin impacts various stages of breast tumorigenesis from initiation and primary tumor growth to metastatic progression. Leptin also modulates the tumor microenvironment mainly through supporting migration of endothelial cells, neo-angiogenesis and sustaining recruitment of macrophage and monocytes. Various studies have shown that hyperactive leptin-signaling network leads to concurrent activation of multiple oncogenic pathways resulting in enhanced proliferation, decreased apoptosis, acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype, potentiated migration and enhanced invasion potential of tumor cells. Furthermore, the capability of leptin to interact with other molecular effectors of obese state including, estrogen, IGF-1, insulin, VEGF and inflammatory cytokines further increases its impact on breast tumor progression in obese state. This article presents an overview of the studies investigating the involvement of leptin in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K. Saxena
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21201
- Corresponding author: Dipali Sharma, Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street, CRB 1, Rm 145, Baltimore, MD 21231, Office: 410-455-1345, FAX: 410-614-4073, . Neeraj K. Saxena, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 660 W Redwood St., Howard Hall, Rm 301, Baltimore, MD 21201,
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD 21231
- Corresponding author: Dipali Sharma, Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street, CRB 1, Rm 145, Baltimore, MD 21231, Office: 410-455-1345, FAX: 410-614-4073, . Neeraj K. Saxena, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 660 W Redwood St., Howard Hall, Rm 301, Baltimore, MD 21201,
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Zheng Q, Banaszak L, Fracci S, Basali D, Dunlap SM, Hursting SD, Rich JN, Hjlemeland AB, Vasanji A, Berger NA, Lathia JD, Reizes O. Leptin receptor maintains cancer stem-like properties in triple negative breast cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013; 20:797-808. [PMID: 24025407 PMCID: PMC3843956 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite new therapies, breast cancer continues to be the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women, a consequence of recurrence and metastasis. In recent years, a population of cancer cells has been identified, called cancer stem cells (CSCs) with self-renewal capacity, proposed to underlie tumor recurrence and metastasis. We previously showed that the adipose tissue cytokine LEPTIN, increased in obesity, promotes the survival of CSCs in vivo. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the leptin receptor (LEPR), expressed in mammary cancer cells, is necessary for maintaining CSC-like and metastatic properties. We silenced LEPR via shRNA lentivirus transduction and determined that the expression of stem cell self-renewal transcription factors NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4 (POU5F1) is inhibited. LEPR-NANOG signaling pathway is conserved between species because we can rescue NANOG expression in human LEPR-silenced cells with the mouse LepR. Using a NANOG promoter GFP reporter, we showed that LEPR is enriched in NANOG promoter active (GFP+) cells. In lineage tracing studies, we showed that the GFP+ cells divide in a symmetric and asymmetric manner. LEPR-silenced MDA-MB-231 cells exhibit a mesenchymal to epithelial transition morphologically, increased E-CADHERIN and decreased VIMENTIN expression compared with control cells. Finally, LEPR-silenced cells exhibit reduced cell proliferation, self-renewal in tumor sphere assays, and tumor outgrowth in xenotransplant studies. Given the emergence of NANOG as a pro-carcinogenic protein in multiple cancers, these studies suggest that inhibition of LEPR may be a promising therapeutic approach to inhibit NANOG and thereby neutralize CSC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zheng
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Lauren Banaszak
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sarah Fracci
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Diana Basali
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sarah M. Dunlap
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas, Austin, TX
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas, Austin, TX
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX
| | - Jeremy N. Rich
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Anita B. Hjlemeland
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Justin D. Lathia
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Ofer Reizes
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH
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Association between Obesity, Serum Lipids, and Colorectal Polyps in Old Chinese People. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2013; 2013:931084. [PMID: 24198829 PMCID: PMC3806499 DOI: 10.1155/2013/931084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Colorectal cancer mostly arises from the polyps of colon. The aim of our study was to examine the association of body mass index (BMI) and serum lipids with the colorectal polyps in old Chinese people. Methods. The risk of developing colorectal polyps was studied in 244 subjects (212 men and 32 women, 74.63 ± 11.63 years old) who underwent colonoscopy for the first time from January 2008 to July 2012 at the Navy General Hospital, Beijing, China. According to the results of colonoscopy, all the subjects were divided into 112 normal control, 38 right colorectal polyps, 53 left colorectal polyps, and 41 both right and left colorectal polyps groups. The total plasma cholesterol, plasma triglyceride, plasma creatinine concentration, blood urinary nitrogen, and fasting glucose were determined using a multichannel analyzer. Results. There were significant differences among normal control, right colorectal polyps, left colorectal polyps, and both right and left polyps groups, which were the BMI, total cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, and urinary nitrogen. In binary logistic regression analysis, there were two risk factors associated with the occurrence of colorectal polyps, which included BMI and systolic blood pressure. Conclusions. Colorectal polyps were significantly associated with increased BMI, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels.
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Ntikoudi E, Kiagia M, Boura P, Syrigos KN. Hormones of adipose tissue and their biologic role in lung cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2013; 40:22-30. [PMID: 23870486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose tissue secretes numerous bioactive peptides, collectively termed "adipocytokines" or "adipokines". Adipokines act in a paracrine, autocrine, or endocrine manner and regulate several physiological and pathological processes. Increasing evidence indicates that adipokines are implicated also in several malignancies, including lung cancer as well. AIM The aim of this study is to summarize data concerning adipokines in lung cancer pathogenesis, prognosis and survival; the role of adipokines in lung cancer cachexia is also examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in the electronic database of Medline. Several studies and review articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Leptin and adiponectin are the best studied adipokines. The majority of the relevant studies has investigated the potential correlations mainly between leptin, adiponectin, and sometimes also resistin, and nutritional status, systemic inflammation of lung cancer or lung cancer cachexia and have also assessed their prognostic significance. Few other studies have studied genetic variations in leptin, leptin receptor and adiponectin genes and their association with lung cancer susceptibility and prognosis. The ongoing list of adipokines associated with lung cancer also includes resistin, chemerin, and visfatin. CONCLUSIONS Increasing evidence points to the involvement of certain adipocytokines in lung cancer development, progression and prognosis. No conclusive evidence exists so far with regards to the role of adipocytokines in lung cancer cachexia. Future, longitudinal studies are warranted in order to clarify the role of adipocytokines in lung cancer and also uncover adipocytokines as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ntikoudi
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, Athens University School of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Building Z, 152 Mesogion Avenue, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
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Gąsiorowska A, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Kaczka A, Borkowska A, Czupryniak L, Małecka-Panas E. Role of adipocytokines and its correlation with endocrine pancreatic function in patients with pancreatic cancer. Pancreatology 2013; 13:409-14. [PMID: 23890140 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.04.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some authors suggest that adipocytokines contribute to the induction of pancreatic carcinogenesis as well as the development of endocrine insufficiency. AIMS We evaluate the circulating concentrations of leptin, resistin and visfatin in patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer (PC) and relationship between serum adipocytokines level and clinicopathological features of PC. Moreover the usefulness of those adipocytokines as possible biomarkers of endocrine pancreatic function in PC has been assessed. METHODS The pilot study group consisted of 45 individuals (mean age 65.6 ± 11.5 years, BMI 21.8 ± 3.4 kg/m(2)) with newly diagnosed PC (within last 1-3 months) and 13 healthy individuals with age, gender and BMI matched to the study group. Among PC patients 18 (40%) had recently diagnosed diabetes. Fasting plasma leptin, resistin, visfatin concentrations were determined with ELISA (R&D Systems, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals) and insulin by RIA (DakoCytomation). RESULTS Patients with PC as compared to controls had significantly lower plasma leptin (40.6 ± 21.3 vs 63.2 ± 16.3 pg/mL; p < 0,0008). In contrast PC patients showed more than six fold higher level of resistin (126.2 ± 143.2 vs 18.9 ± 7.2 ng/mL; p < 0.009) than controls. The median plasma visfatin was 2.8 ± 1.8 ng/mL, which was not significantly different from the controls (3.8 ± 1.1 ng/mL). When PC patients with and without diabetes were considered separately, plasma leptin concentrations among nondiabetic patients were slightly, but not significantly higher (44.6 ± 21.0) as compared to diabetics (34.5 ± 20.7). Moreover there was no difference between visfatin and resistin level in PC, among patients with and without diabetes. No significant differences between serum level of leptin, visfatin and resistin and age, gender, BMI, smoking status, tumor localization, distant metastases and pain has been found. CONCLUSION The results of this study confirm previous findings that patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer are characterized with lower level of leptin. This pilot study showed significantly higher resistin concentrations in patients with PC in comparison to healthy controls, which may be helpful in PC early diagnosis. Changes in leptin and resistin level in PC are not likely related to endocrine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Gąsiorowska
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland.
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Yuan Y, Zhang J, Cai L, Ding C, Wang X, Chen H, Wang X, Yan J, Lu J. Leptin induces cell proliferation and reduces cell apoptosis by activating c-myc in cervical cancer. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:2291-6. [PMID: 23588620 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin may be involved in the pathogenesis of numerous cancer types by activation of cellular signal-transduction pathways. In this study, we analyzed the role of leptin and the mechanism(s) underlying its action in cervical carcinoma cells. Firstly, we examined the expression of leptin in 80 cases of cervical carcinoma using immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that the levels of leptin correlated significantly with the grades of cervical carcinoma. At the same time, the expression of leptin correlated positively with c-myc and its downstream gene, bcl-2. The expression of c-myc and bcl-2 was evaluated in leptin-treated HeLa cells by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. Recombinant leptin significantly activated the expression of bcl-2 and c-myc in HeLa cells. Finally, the apoptotic index, the proliferative activity and the expression levels of c-myc and bcl-2 were determined in the HeLa cells treated with silencing of leptin. We found that silencing of leptin inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells and reduced the expression of bcl-2 and c-myc. Our data demonstrated that leptin interferes with the expression of oncogenic c-myc and anti-apoptotic bcl-2, and regulates cell turnover and facilitates the progression of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
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Diaz ES, Karlan BY, Li AJ. Obesity-associated adipokines correlate with survival in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 129:353-7. [PMID: 23402904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity impacts outcome in women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), although its exact role and the molecular mechanisms remain poorly defined. Adipocytes secrete leptin and adiponectin, and the leptin to adiponectin (L:A) ratio is correlated with poor survival in other malignancies. We hypothesized that the L:A ratio is associated with survival in women with EOC. METHODS We queried the institutional tumor registry for patients with advanced stage EOC and identified a cohort of 161 women with banked fasting prediagnostic serum samples. Patients underwent cytoredutive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Sera were assayed for leptin and adiponectin, and clinico-pathologic data were abstracted. Standard statistical tests were performed. RESULTS 161 patients met inclusion criteria. We identified a significant correlation between BMI and leptin and the L:A ratio, but not adiponectin, in this cohort (r=0.46, 0.46, and -0.13, respectively; p=0.001, 0.001, and 0.106). Women with low L:A ratios demonstrated statistically longer disease-specific survival (57 months) compared to those with median or high levels (49 and 37 months, respectively; p=0.02). On multivariate analysis, we determined that BMI and age, but not L:A ratio, retained significance as independent prognostic factors for survival (p=0.04, 0.004, and 0.895, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort, the L:A ratio correlated statistically with clinical outcome, but did not independently predict survival. Obesity remains a modifiable risk factor in women with EOC. Further studies are needed to determine if leptin and/or adiponectin may be potential therapeutic targets in obese women with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S Diaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635 West 3rd Street, Suite 280W, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Rock CL, Pande C, Flatt SW, Ying C, Pakiz B, Parker BA, Williams K, Bardwell WA, Heath DD, Nichols JF. Favorable changes in serum estrogens and other biologic factors after weight loss in breast cancer survivors who are overweight or obese. Clin Breast Cancer 2013; 13:188-95. [PMID: 23375717 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an increased risk for recurrence and all-cause mortality in breast cancer survivors. Excess adiposity is associated with increased estrogen, insulin, and leptin, and with decreased sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations, which may promote breast cancer progression and recurrence. This study aimed to assess the effects of weight loss on these factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Breast cancer survivors who were overweight or obese (n = 220) and who were enrolled in a weight loss intervention study provided baseline and follow-up blood samples and weight data. Serum estrogens, SHBG, insulin, and leptin were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 18 months. RESULTS Weight loss of ≥5% of initial weight decreased leptin and insulin compared with those who did not achieve that amount of weight loss (P < .0001). Weight loss also increased SHBG at 6 and 18 months (P < .01). Postmenopausal women who lost ≥5% of body weight at 6 months had lower estrone (P = .02), estradiol (P = .002), and bioavailable estradiol (P = .001) concentrations than women who did not lose at least 5% of body weight, and weight loss at 18 months was significantly related to a change in serum bioavailable estradiol concentration (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Favorable changes in estrogens, SHBG, insulin, and leptin were observed in association with weight loss in these women who were overweight or obese and who had been diagnosed and treated for breast cancer. Weight loss appears to have favorable effects on hormonal and biologic factors associated with increased risk for recurrence and poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L Rock
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Zhang H, Duan CJ, Chen W, Wang SQ, Zhang SK, Dong S, Cheng YD, Zhang CF. Clinical significance of SH2B1 adaptor protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:2355-62. [PMID: 22901222 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.5.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The SH2B1 adaptor protein is recruited to multiple ligand-activated receptor tyrosine kinases that play important role in the physiologic and pathologic features of many cancers. The purpose of this study was to assess SH2B1 expression and to explore its contribution to the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS SH2B1 expression in 114 primary NSCLC tissue specimens was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patients' outcome. Additionally, 15 paired NSCLC background tissues, 5 NSCLC cell lines and a normal HBE cell line were evaluated for SH2B1 expression by RT-PCR and immunoblotting, immunofluorescence being applied for the cell lines. RESULTS SH2B1 was found to be overexpressed in NSCLC tissues and NSCLC cell lines. More importantly, high SH2B1 expression was significantly associated with tumor grade, tumor size, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence respectively. Survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high SH2B1 expression had both poorer disease- free survival and overall survival than other patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that SH2B1 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the SH2B1 protein may contribute to the malignant progression of NSCLC and could offer a novel prognostic indicator for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Tourkantonis I, Kiagia M, Peponi E, Tsagouli S, Syrigos KN. The Role of Leptin in Cancer Pathogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2013.42080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Fujihara S, Mori H, Kobara H, Nishiyama N, Kobayashi M, Oryu M, Masaki T. Metabolic syndrome, obesity, and gastrointestinal cancer. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2012; 2012:483623. [PMID: 23304125 PMCID: PMC3530232 DOI: 10.1155/2012/483623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
METABOLIC SYNDROME IS A CLUSTER OF METABOLIC ABNORMALITIES AND IS DEFINED AS THE PRESENCE OF THREE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS: increased waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose. Obesity, which is accompanied by metabolic dysregulation often manifested in the metabolic syndrome, is an established risk factor for many cancers. Adipose tissue, particularly visceral fat, is an important metabolic tissue as it secretes systemic factors that alter the immunologic, metabolic, and endocrine milieu and also promotes insulin resistance. Within the growth-promoting, proinflammatory environment of the obese state, cross-talk between macrophages, adipocytes, and epithelial cells occurs via obesity-associated hormones, adipocytokines, and other mediators that may enhance cancer risk and progression. This paper synthesizes the evidence on key molecular mechanisms underlying the obesity-cancer link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Fujihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hirohito Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hideki Kobara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Noriko Nishiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Makoto Oryu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Wu N, Wang Y, Wang S, Chen Y, Yan J. Recombinant human leptin induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells. Clin Exp Med 2012; 13:305-14. [PMID: 23001141 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-012-0211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of recombinant human leptin (rhLep) on the proliferation of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells and its underlying mechanisms. RT-PCR was performed to identify the expression of leptin receptor (Ob-R). Cell proliferation was measured with MTT assay. DNA content and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was assessed by DNA ladder assay and flow cytometry analysis using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. Underlying mechanisms of rhLep-induced apoptosis were evaluated by the activities of caspase-3, -8, -9, and cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Moreover, the phosphorylation of STAT3 in MGC-803 cells upon rhLep administration was detected by Western blot analysis. Our results demonstrated that two leptin receptors (Ob-Ra and Ob-Rb) were expressed in MGC-803 cells. rhLep diminished the proliferation rate of MGC-803 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and induced MGC-803 cell apoptosis involving in the activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3 but not caspase-9. In addition, rhLep failed to induce cytochrome c release from mitochondria and had no effect on the activation of STAT3 in MGC-803 cells. Therefore, from these results, we concluded that rhLep significantly inhibited cell proliferation via G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis through the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Xiamen University, No. 422 SiMing South Road, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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Robey IF. Examining the relationship between diet-induced acidosis and cancer. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2012; 9:72. [PMID: 22853725 PMCID: PMC3571898 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased cancer risk is associated with select dietary factors. Dietary lifestyles can alter systemic acid-base balance over time. Acidogenic diets, which are typically high in animal protein and salt and low in fruits and vegetables, can lead to a sub-clinical or low-grade state of metabolic acidosis. The relationship between diet and cancer risk prompts questions about the role of acidosis in the initiation and progression of cancer. Cancer is triggered by genetic and epigenetic perturbations in the normal cell, but it has become clear that microenvironmental and systemic factors exert modifying effects on cancer cell development. While there are no studies showing a direct link between diet-induced acidosis and cancer, acid-base disequilibrium has been shown to modulate molecular activity including adrenal glucocorticoid, insulin growth factor (IGF-1), and adipocyte cytokine signaling, dysregulated cellular metabolism, and osteoclast activation, which may serve as intermediary or downstream effectors of carcinogenesis or tumor promotion. In short, diet-induced acidosis may influence molecular activities at the cellular level that promote carcinogenesis or tumor progression. This review defines the relationship between dietary lifestyle and acid-base balance and discusses the potential consequences of diet-induced acidosis and cancer occurrence or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Forrest Robey
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, 1501 N, Campbell Ave,, Suite 2349, PO Box 245030, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA.
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49
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Ho GYF, Wang T, Gunter MJ, Strickler HD, Cushman M, Kaplan RC, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Xue X, Rajpathak SN, Chlebowski RT, Vitolins MZ, Scherer PE, Rohan TE. Adipokines linking obesity with colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Cancer Res 2012; 72:3029-37. [PMID: 22511581 PMCID: PMC3790260 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-2771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic associations between obesity and colorectal cancer remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether adipokines are risk factors for colorectal cancer and whether they may mediate its association with obesity. In a case-cohort study nested within the Women's Health Initiative cohort of postmenopausal women, baseline plasma samples from 457 colorectal cancer cases and 841 subcohort subjects were assayed for seven adipokines-adiponectin, leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), resistin, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and TNF-α. Serum insulin and estradiol values measured previously were also available for data analysis. After adjusting for age, race, smoking, colonoscopy history, and estrogen level, a low level of anti-inflammatory adiponectin and high levels of proinflammatory leptin, PAI-1, and IL-6 were associated with increased colorectal cancer risk, though only leptin remained significant after further adjustment for insulin [HRs comparing extreme quartiles (HR(Q4-Q1)), 1.84; 95% CI, 1.17-2.90]. Mediation analyses showed that leptin and insulin partially explained the association between waist circumference and colorectal cancer and attenuated it by 25% and 37%, respectively, with insulin being a significant mediator (P = 0.041). Our findings support the conclusion that adipokines involved in inflammation are associated with colorectal cancer risk, but that their effects may be mediated mostly by insulin, with leptin exerting an independent effect. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia may therefore partially explain the adiposity association with colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Y F Ho
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
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The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin has proliferative actions on androgen-resistant prostate cancer cells linking obesity to advanced stages of prostate cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:280386. [PMID: 22690216 PMCID: PMC3368429 DOI: 10.1155/2012/280386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Because obesity may be a risk factor for prostate cancer, we investigated proliferative effects of adipocytes-derived hormone leptin on human prostate cancer cells and assessed the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in mediating these actions. Material and Methods. Three human prostate cancer cell lines were treated with increasing doses of recombinant leptin. Cell growth was measured under serum-free conditions using a spectrophotometric assay. Further, Western blotting was applied to detect the phosphorylation of an ERK1/2, and a specific inhibitor of MAPK (PD98059; 40 μM) was used. Results. In both androgen-resistant cell lines DU145 and PC-3, cell growth was dose-dependently increased by leptin after 24 hrs and 48 hrs of incubation, whereas leptin's proliferative effects on androgen-sensitive cell line LNCaP was less pronounced. Further, leptin caused dose-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation in both androgen-resistant cell lines, and pretreatment of these cells with PD98059 inhibited these responses. Conclusions. Leptin may be a potential link between obesity and risk of progression of prostate cancer. Thus, studies on leptin and obesity association to prostate cancer should differentiate patients according to androgen sensitivity.
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