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Dawid M, Pich K, Mlyczyńska E, Respekta-Długosz N, Wachowska D, Greggio A, Szkraba O, Kurowska P, Rak A. Adipokines in pregnancy. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 121:172-269. [PMID: 38797542 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive success consists of a sequential events chronology, starting with the ovum fertilization, implantation of the embryo, placentation, and cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, endocrinology, or metabolic changes, which taken together finally conduct the birth of healthy offspring. Currently, many factors are known that affect the regulation and proper maintenance of pregnancy in humans, domestic animals, or rodents. Among the determinants of reproductive success should be distinguished: the maternal microenvironment, genes, and proteins as well as numerous pregnancy hormones that regulate the most important processes and ensure organism homeostasis. It is well known that white adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine gland in our body, participates in the synthesis and secretion of numerous hormones belonging to the adipokine family, which also may regulate the course of pregnancy. Unfortunately, overweight and obesity lead to the expansion of adipose tissue in the body, and its excess in both women and animals contributes to changes in the synthesis and release of adipokines, which in turn translates into dramatic changes during pregnancy, including those taking place in the organ that is crucial for the proper progress of pregnancy, i.e. the placenta. In this chapter, we are summarizing the current knowledge about levels of adipokines and their role in the placenta, taking into account the physiological and pathological conditions of pregnancy, e.g. gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction in humans, domestic animals, and rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dawid
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Mlyczyńska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Respekta-Długosz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominka Wachowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Greggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Oliwia Szkraba
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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Deng H, Wang F, Wu Q, Sun H, Ma J, Ni R, Li Z, Zhang L, Zhang J, Liu M. Novel Multiresistant Osmotin-like Protein from Sweetpotato as a Promising Biofungicide to Control Ceratocystis fimbriata by Destroying Spores through Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1487-1499. [PMID: 38215405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Osmotin-like proteins (OLPs) play an important role in host-plant defense. In this study, a novel multiresistant OLP (IbOLP1) was screened from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) with a molecular weight of 26.3 kDa. The expression level of IbOLP1 was significantly higher in resistant cultivars than susceptible ones after inoculation with Ceratocystis fimbriata, which causes black rot disease in sweetpotato. The expression of IbOLP1 in Pichia pastoris led to the lysis of yeast cells themselves. The recombinant IbOLP1 displayed antifungal, antibacterial, and antinematode activity and stability. IbOLP1 could restrain the mycelial growth and lyse spores of C. fimbriata, distinctly reducing the incidence of black rot in sweetpotato. The IbOLP1 can trigger the apoptosis of black rot spores by elevating the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. Collectively, these findings suggest that IbOLP1 can be used to develop natural antimicrobial resources instead of chemical agents and generate new, disease-resistant germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangyue Deng
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Fangrui Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Houjun Sun
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu, Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221131, China
| | - Jukui Ma
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu, Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221131, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Zongyun Li
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
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D’Errico A, Nasso R, Di Maro A, Landi N, Chambery A, Russo R, D’Angelo S, Masullo M, Arcone R. Identification and Characterization of Neuroprotective Properties of Thaumatin-like Protein 1a from Annurca Apple Flesh Polyphenol Extract. Nutrients 2024; 16:307. [PMID: 38276545 PMCID: PMC10821328 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are multifactorial neurodegenerative disorders that are mostly treated with drugs inhibiting key enzymes of cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmission, such as acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase (AChE, BuChE) or monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A/B, and of Aβ1-40 aggregation. Diet plant components with multitarget functions are promising compounds in the prevention of AD and PD. Our aim was to identify neuroprotective compounds from Annurca apple polyphenol extract (AFPE). METHODS AFPE was fractionated by gel filtration, and the eluted peaks were subjected to chemical analyses (i.e., RP-HPLC and mass spectrometry), determination of inhibitory enzyme activity and cell effects by MTT, and morphology assays. RESULTS In AFPE, we identified thaumatin-like protein 1a, belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein (PR) family. This protein showed the best inhibitory activity on AChE, MAO-A (IC50 = 5.53 µM and 1.71 µM, respectively), and Aβ1-40 fibril aggregation (IC50 = 9.16 µM), compared to AFPE and other polyphenol-containing fractions. Among the latter, Peak 4 reverted Aβ fibril formation (IC50 = 104.87 µM). Moreover, thaumatin-like protein 1a protected AGS and MKN-28 cells from serum-deprivation-induced stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS We showed that AFPE exerted neuroprotective functions not only through its polyphenols but also through thaumatin-like protein 1a, which acted like a multitarget molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio D’Errico
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosarita Nasso
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Nicola Landi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (A.D.M.); (N.L.); (A.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosaria Arcone
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.); (R.N.); (S.D.); (M.M.)
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Park JS, Choe K, Lee HJ, Park TJ, Kim MO. Neuroprotective effects of osmotin in Parkinson's disease-associated pathology via the AdipoR1/MAPK/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:66. [PMID: 37568205 PMCID: PMC10422754 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent age-related neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Both environmental and genetic aspects are involved in the pathogenesis of PD. Osmotin is a structural and functional homolog of adiponectin, which regulates the phosphorylation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) via adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), thus attenuating PD-associated pathology. Therefore, the current study investigated the neuroprotective effects of osmotin using in vitro and in vivo models of PD. METHODS The study used 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced and neuron-specific enolase promoter human alpha-synuclein (NSE-hαSyn) transgenic mouse models and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)- or alpha-synuclein A53T-treated cell models. MPTP was injected at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day for five days, and osmotin was injected twice a week at a dose of 15 mg/kg for five weeks. We performed behavioral tests and analyzed the biochemical and molecular changes in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the striatum. RESULTS Based on our study, osmotin mitigated MPTP- and α-synuclein-induced motor dysfunction by upregulating the nuclear receptor-related 1 protein (Nurr1) transcription factor and its downstream markers tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT), and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2). From a pathological perspective, osmotin ameliorated neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation by regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Additionally, osmotin alleviated the accumulation of α-synuclein by promoting the AMPK/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) autophagy signaling pathway. Finally, in nonmotor symptoms of PD, such as cognitive deficits, osmotin restored synaptic deficits, thereby improving cognitive impairment in MPTP- and α-synuclein-induced mice. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, our findings indicated that osmotin significantly rescued MPTP/α-synuclein-mediated PD neuropathology. Altogether, these results suggest that osmotin has potential neuroprotective effects in PD neuropathology and may provide opportunities to develop novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Park
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hyeon Jin Lee
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ju Park
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences (MVLS), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0ZD UK
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
- Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
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Behind the Curtain: In Silico and In Vitro Experiments Brought to Light New Insights into the Anticryptococcal Action of Synthetic Peptides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010153. [PMID: 36671354 PMCID: PMC9854638 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is the pathogen responsible for cryptococcal pneumonia and meningitis, mainly affecting patients with suppressed immune systems. We have previously revealed the mechanism of anticryptococcal action of synthetic antimicrobial peptides (SAMPs). In this study, computational and experimental analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms of action of SAMPs. Computational analysis revealed that peptides interacted with the PHO36 membrane receptor of C. neoformans. Additionally, ROS (reactive oxygen species) overproduction, the enzymes of ROS metabolism, interference in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, and decoupling of cytochrome c mitochondrial membrane were evaluated. Three of four peptides were able to interact with the PHO36 receptor, altering its function and leading to ROS overproduction. SAMPs-treated C. neoformans cells showed a decrease in scavenger enzyme activity, supporting ROS accumulation. In the presence of ascorbic acid, an antioxidant agent, SAMPs did not induce ROS accumulation in C. neoformans cells. Interestingly, two SAMPs maintained inhibitory activity and membrane pore formation in C. neoformans cells by a ROS-independent mechanism. Yet, the ergosterol biosynthesis and lactate dehydrogenase activity were affected by SAMPs. In addition, we noticed decoupling of Cyt c from the mitochondria, which led to apoptosis events in the cryptococcal cells. The results presented herein suggest multiple mechanisms imposed by SAMPs against C. neoformans interfering in the development of resistance, thus revealing the potential of SAMPs in treating infections caused by C. neoformans.
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Nehme R, Diab-Assaf M, Decombat C, Delort L, Caldefie-Chezet F. Targeting Adiponectin in Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112958. [PMID: 36428526 PMCID: PMC9687473 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and breast cancer are two major health issues that could be categorized as sincere threats to human health. In the last few decades, the relationship between obesity and cancer has been well established and extensively investigated. There is strong evidence that overweight and obesity increase the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, and adipokines are the central players in this relationship. Produced and secreted predominantly by white adipose tissue, adiponectin is a bioactive molecule that exhibits numerous protective effects and is considered the guardian angel of adipokine. In the obesity-cancer relationship, more and more evidence shows that adiponectin may prevent and protect individuals from developing breast cancer. Recently, several updates have been published on the implication of adiponectin in regulating tumor development, progression, and metastases. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the metabolic signaling linking adiponectin and breast cancer in all its stages. On the other hand, we critically summarize all the available promising candidates that may reactivate these pathways mainly by targeting adiponectin receptors. These molecules could be synthetic small molecules or plant-based proteins. Interestingly, the advances in genomics have made it possible to create peptide sequences that could specifically replace human adiponectin, activate its receptor, and mimic its function. Thus, the obvious anti-cancer activity of adiponectin on breast cancer should be better exploited, and adiponectin must be regarded as a serious biomarker that should be targeted in order to confront this threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Nehme
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Equipe Tumorigénèse Moléculaire et Pharmacologie Anticancéreuse, Faculté des Sciences II, Université Libanaise Fanar, Beyrouth 1500, Lebanon
| | - Caroline Decombat
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laetitia Delort
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Caldefie-Chezet
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Adipokines in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Are We on the Road toward New Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets? BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081237. [PMID: 36009862 PMCID: PMC9405285 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an unmet medical need due to its increasingly high incidence, severe clinical consequences, and the absence of feasible diagnostic tools and effective drugs. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical data on adipokines, cytokine-like hormones secreted by adipose tissue, and NAFLD. The aim is to establish the potential of adipokines as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets for NAFLD. The limitations of current research are also discussed, and future perspectives are outlined. Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the major cause of chronic hepatic illness and the leading indication for liver transplantation in the future decades. NAFLD is also commonly associated with other high-incident non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular complications, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Aggravating the socio-economic impact of this complex pathology, routinely feasible diagnostic methodologies and effective drugs for NAFLD management are unavailable. The pathophysiology of NAFLD, recently defined as metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is correlated with abnormal adipose tissue–liver axis communication because obesity-associated white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and metabolic dysfunction prompt hepatic insulin resistance (IR), lipid accumulation (steatosis), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and fibrosis. Accumulating evidence links adipokines, cytokine-like hormones secreted by adipose tissue that have immunometabolic activity, with NAFLD pathogenesis and progression; however, much uncertainty still exists. Here, the current knowledge on the roles of leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), visfatin, chemerin, and adipocyte fatty-acid-binding protein (AFABP) in NAFLD, taken from preclinical to clinical studies, is overviewed. The effect of therapeutic interventions on adipokines’ circulating levels are also covered. Finally, future directions to address the potential of adipokines as therapeutic targets and disease biomarkers for NAFLD are discussed.
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Cohen KE, Katunaric B, Schulz ME, SenthilKumar G, Young MS, Mace JE, Freed JK. Role of Adiponectin Receptor 1 in Promoting Nitric Oxide-Mediated Flow-Induced Dilation in the Human Microvasculature. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875900. [PMID: 35444544 PMCID: PMC9014203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic administration of exogenous adiponectin restores nitric oxide (NO) as the mediator of flow-induced dilation (FID) in arterioles collected from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Here we hypothesize that this effect as well as NO signaling during flow during health relies on activation of Adiponectin Receptor 1 (AdipoR1). We further posit that osmotin, a plant-derived protein and AdipoR1 activator, is capable of eliciting similar effects as adiponectin. Human arterioles (80-200 μm) collected from discarded surgical adipose specimens were cannulated, pressurized, and pre-constricted with endothelin-1 (ET-1). Changes in vessel internal diameters were measured during flow using videomicroscopy. Immunofluorescence was utilized to compare expression of AdipoR1 during both health and disease. Administration of exogenous adiponectin failed to restore NO-mediated FID in CAD arterioles treated with siRNA against AdipoR1 (siAdipoR1), compared to vessels treated with negative control siRNA. Osmotin treatment of arterioles from patients with CAD resulted in a partial restoration of NO as the mediator of FID, which was inhibited in arterioles with decreased expression of AdipoR1. Together these data highlight the critical role of AdipoR1 in adiponectin-induced NO signaling during shear. Further, osmotin may serve as a potential therapy to prevent microvascular endothelial dysfunction as well as restore endothelial homeostasis in patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Cohen
- Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Boran Katunaric
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Mary E. Schulz
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Gopika SenthilKumar
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Micaela S. Young
- Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - James E. Mace
- Department of Surgery-Division of Adult Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Julie K. Freed
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Park JS, Saeed K, Jo MH, Kim MW, Lee HJ, Park CB, Lee G, Kim MO. LDHB Deficiency Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration in Adult Mouse Brain. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020261. [PMID: 35204143 PMCID: PMC8868245 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related decline in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress plays a critical role in neurodegeneration. Lactate dehydrogenase-B (LDHB) is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of lactate, an important brain energy substrate, into pyruvate. It has been reported that the LDHB pattern changes in the brain during ageing. Yet very little is known about the effect of LDHB deficiency on brain pathology. Here, we have used Ldhb knockout (Ldhb−/−) mice to test the hypothesis that LDHB deficiency plays an important role in oxidative stress-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. LDHB knockout (Ldhb−/−) mice were generated by the ablation of the Ldhb gene using the Cre/loxP-recombination system in the C57BL/6 genetic background. The Ldhb−/− mice were treated with either osmotin (15 μg/g of the body; intraperitoneally) or vehicle twice a week for 5-weeks. After behavior assessments, the mice were sacrificed, and the cortical and hippocampal brain regions were analyzed through biochemical and morphological analysis. Ldhb−/− mice displayed enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) production, and they revealed depleted stores of cellular ATP, GSH:GSSG enzyme ratio, and downregulated expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins, when compared to WT littermates. Importantly, the Ldhb−/− mice showed upregulated expression of apoptosis mediators (Bax, Cytochrome C, and caspase-3), and revealed impaired p-AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1alpha signaling. Moreover, LDHB deficiency-induced gliosis increased the production of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, Nf-ĸB, and NOS2), and revealed cognitive deficits. Treatment with osmotin, an adipoR1 natural agonist, significantly increased cellular ATP production by increasing mitochondrial function and attenuated oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis, probably, by upregulating p-AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1alpha signaling in Ldhb−/− mice. In brief, LDHB deficiency may lead to brain oxidative stress-mediated progression of neurodegeneration via regulating p-AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1alpha signaling, while osmotin could improve mitochondrial functions, abrogate oxidative stress and alleviate neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in adult Ldhb−/− mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Park
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.S.P.); (K.S.); (M.H.J.); (M.W.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Kamran Saeed
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.S.P.); (K.S.); (M.H.J.); (M.W.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.S.P.); (K.S.); (M.H.J.); (M.W.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.S.P.); (K.S.); (M.H.J.); (M.W.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hyeon Jin Lee
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.S.P.); (K.S.); (M.H.J.); (M.W.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Chan-Bae Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; or
| | - Gwang Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.S.P.); (K.S.); (M.H.J.); (M.W.K.); (H.J.L.)
- Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-1345; Fax: +82-55-772-2656
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10
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Cohen KE, Katunaric B, SenthilKumar G, McIntosh JJ, Freed JK. Vascular endothelial adiponectin signaling across the life span. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H57-H65. [PMID: 34797171 PMCID: PMC8698498 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00533.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease risk increases with age regardless of sex. Some of this risk is attributable to alterations in natural hormones throughout the life span. The quintessential example of this being the dramatic increase in cardiovascular disease following the transition to menopause. Plasma levels of adiponectin, a "cardioprotective" adipokine released primarily by adipose tissue and regulated by hormones, also fluctuate throughout one's life. Plasma adiponectin levels increase with age in both men and women, with higher levels in both pre- and postmenopausal women compared with men. Younger cohorts seem to confer cardioprotective benefits from increased adiponectin levels yet elevated levels in the elderly and those with existing heart disease are associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Here, we review the most recent data regarding adiponectin signaling in the vasculature, highlight the differences observed between the sexes, and shed light on the apparent paradox regarding increased cardiovascular disease risk despite rising plasma adiponectin levels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Cohen
- 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,5Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Boran Katunaric
- 2Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,5Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Gopika SenthilKumar
- 2Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,3Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,5Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jennifer J. McIntosh
- 3Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,4Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,5Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Julie K. Freed
- 2Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,3Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,5Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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11
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Tang X, Cao Y, Arora G, Hwang J, Sajid A, Brown CL, Mehta S, Marín-López A, Chuang YM, Wu MJ, Ma H, Pal U, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. The Lyme disease agent co-opts adiponectin receptor-mediated signaling in its arthropod vector. eLife 2021; 10:e72568. [PMID: 34783654 PMCID: PMC8639152 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin-mediated pathways contribute to mammalian homeostasis; however, little is known about adiponectin and adiponectin receptor signaling in arthropods. In this study, we demonstrate that Ixodes scapularis ticks have an adiponectin receptor-like protein (ISARL) but lack adiponectin, suggesting activation by alternative pathways. ISARL expression is significantly upregulated in the tick gut after Borrelia burgdorferi infection, suggesting that ISARL signaling may be co-opted by the Lyme disease agent. Consistent with this, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of ISARL significantly reduced the B. burgdorferi burden in the tick. RNA-seq-based transcriptomics and RNAi assays demonstrate that ISARL-mediated phospholipid metabolism by phosphatidylserine synthase I is associated with B. burgdorferi survival. Furthermore, the tick complement C1q-like protein 3 interacts with ISARL, and B. burgdorferi facilitates this process. This study identifies a new tick metabolic pathway that is connected to the life cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Tang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Yongguo Cao
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, and Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Gunjan Arora
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Jesse Hwang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Andaleeb Sajid
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Courtney L Brown
- Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Sameet Mehta
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Alejandro Marín-López
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Yu-Min Chuang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Ming-Jie Wu
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxiChina
| | - Utpal Pal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College ParkCollege ParkUnited States
| | - Sukanya Narasimhan
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
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Geetha RG, Krishnankutty Nair Chandrika S, Saraswathy GG, Nair Sivakumari A, Sakuntala M. ROS Dependent Antifungal and Anticancer Modulations of Piper colubrinum Osmotin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082239. [PMID: 33924432 PMCID: PMC8070354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmotin, a plant defense protein, has functional similarity to adiponectin, an insulin sensitizingsensitising hormone secreted by adipocytes. We speculated that Piper colubrinum Osmotin (PcOSM) could have functional roles in obesity-related cancers, especially breast cancer. Immunofluorescence assays, flow cytometry, cell cycle analysis and a senescence assay were employed to delineate the activity in MDAMB231 breast cancer cell line. PcOSM pre-treated P. nigrum leaves showed significant reduction in disease symptoms correlated with high ROS production. In silico analysis predicted that PcOSM has higher binding efficiency with adiponectin receptor compared to adiponectin. PcOSM was effectively taken up by MDAMB231 cancer cells which resulted in marked increase in intracellular ROS levels leading to senescence and cell cycle arrest in G2/M stage. This study provides evidence on the ROS mediated direct inhibitory activity of the plant derived osmotin protein on the phytopathogen Phytophthora capsici, and the additional functional roles of this plant defense protein on cancer cells through inducing ROS associated senescence. The strong leads produced from this study could be pursued further to obtain more insights into the therapeutic potential of osmotin in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswari Gopal Geetha
- Plant Disease Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (R.G.G.); (G.G.S.)
| | | | - Gayathri G. Saraswathy
- Plant Disease Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (R.G.G.); (G.G.S.)
| | - Asha Nair Sivakumari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India;
| | - Manjula Sakuntala
- Plant Disease Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (R.G.G.); (G.G.S.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Ali T, Rehman SU, Khan A, Badshah H, Abid NB, Kim MW, Jo MH, Chung SS, Lee HG, Rutten BPF, Kim MO. Adiponectin-mimetic novel nonapeptide rescues aberrant neuronal metabolic-associated memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:23. [PMID: 33849621 PMCID: PMC8042910 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, we and other researchers reported that brain metabolic disorders are implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive, devastating and incurable neurodegenerative disease. Hence, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed to explore potential and novel therapeutic targets/agents for the treatment of AD. The neuronal adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) is an emerging potential target for intervention in metabolic-associated AD. We aimed to validate this hypothesis and explore in-depth the therapeutic effects of an osmotin-derived adiponectin-mimetic novel nonapeptide (Os-pep) on metabolic-associated AD. Methods We used an Os-pep dosage regimen (5 μg/g, i.p., on alternating days for 45 days) for APP/PS1 in amyloid β oligomer-injected, transgenic adiponectin knockout (Adipo−/−) and AdipoR1 knockdown mice. After behavioral studies, brain tissues were subjected to biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. In separate cohorts of mice, electrophysiolocal and Golgi staining experiments were performed. To validate the in vivo studies, we used human APP Swedish (swe)/Indiana (ind)-overexpressing neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, which were subjected to knockdown of AdipoR1 and APMK with siRNAs, treated with Os-pep and other conditions as per the mechanistic approach, and we proceeded to perform further biochemical analyses. Results Our in vitro and in vivo results show that Os-pep has good safety and neuroprotection profiles and crosses the blood-brain barrier. We found reduced levels of neuronal AdipoR1 in human AD brain tissue. Os-pep stimulates AdipoR1 and its downstream target, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, in AD and Adipo−/− mice. Mechanistically, in all of the in vivo and in vitro studies, Os-pep rescued aberrant neuronal metabolism by reducing neuronal insulin resistance and activated downstream insulin signaling through regulation of AdipoR1/AMPK signaling to consequently improve the memory functions of the AD and Adipo−/− mice, which was associated with improved synaptic function and long-term potentiation via an AdipoR1-dependent mechanism. Conclusion Our findings show that Os-pep activates AdipoR1/AMPK signaling and regulates neuronal insulin resistance and insulin signaling, which subsequently rescues memory deficits in AD and adiponectin-deficient models. Taken together, the results indicate that Os-pep, as an adiponectin-mimetic novel nonapeptide, is a valuable and promising potential therapeutic candidate to treat aberrant brain metabolism associated with AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13024-021-00445-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Ali
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Amjad Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Haroon Badshah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Noman Bin Abid
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Chung
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Gon Lee
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Translational Neuroscience and Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Fei J, Wang YS, Cheng H, Su YB, Zhong Y, Zheng L. Cloning and characterization of KoOsmotin from mangrove plant Kandelia obovata under cold stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:10. [PMID: 33407136 PMCID: PMC7789355 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low temperature is a major abiotic stress that seriously limits mangrove productivity and distribution. Kandelia obovata is the most cold-resistance specie in mangrove plants, but little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying its resistance to cold. Osmotin is a key protein associated with abiotic and biotic stress response in plants but no information about this gene in K. obovata was reported. RESULTS In this study, a cDNA sequence encoding osmotin, KoOsmotin (GenBank accession no. KP267758), was cloned from mangrove plant K. obovata. The KoOsmotin protein was composed of 221 amino acids and showed a calculated molecular mass of 24.11 kDa with pI 4.92. The KoOsmotin contained sixteen cysteine residues and an N-terminal signal peptide, which were common signatures to most osmotins and pathogenesis-related 5 proteins. The three-dimensional (3D) model of KoOsmotin, contained one α-helix and eleven β-strands, was formed by three characteristic domains. Database comparisons of the KoOsmotin showed the closest identity (55.75%) with the osmotin 34 from Theobroma cacao. The phylogenetic tree also revealed that the KoOsmotin was clustered in the branch of osmotin/OLP (osmotin-like protien). The KoOsmotin protein was proved to be localized to both the plasma membrane and cytoplasm by the subcellular localization analysis. Gene expression showed that the KoOsmotin was induced primarily and highly in the leaves of K. obovata, but less abundantly in stems and roots. The overexpressing of KoOsmotin conferred cold tolerance in Escherichia coli cells. CONCLUSION As we known, this is the first study to explore the osmotin of K. obovata. Our study provided valuable clues for further exploring the function of KoOsmotin response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - You-Shao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China.
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China.
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Yu-Bin Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yongjia Zhong
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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15
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Lim K, Haider A, Adams C, Sleigh A, Savage DB. Lipodistrophy: a paradigm for understanding the consequences of "overloading" adipose tissue. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:907-993. [PMID: 33356916 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00032.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipodystrophies have been recognized since at least the nineteenth century and, despite their rarity, tended to attract considerable medical attention because of the severity and somewhat paradoxical nature of the associated metabolic disease that so closely mimics that of obesity. Within the last 20 yr most of the monogenic subtypes have been characterized, facilitating family genetic screening and earlier disease detection as well as providing important insights into adipocyte biology and the systemic consequences of impaired adipocyte function. Even more recently, compelling genetic studies have suggested that subtle partial lipodystrophy is likely to be a major factor in prevalent insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), justifying the longstanding interest in these disorders. This progress has also underpinned novel approaches to treatment that, in at least some patients, can be of considerable therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koini Lim
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Afreen Haider
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Adams
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Sleigh
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David B Savage
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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The Antifungal Protein AfpB Induces Regulated Cell Death in Its Parental Fungus Penicillium digitatum. mSphere 2020; 5:5/4/e00595-20. [PMID: 32848004 PMCID: PMC7449623 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00595-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease-causing fungi pose a serious threat to human health and food safety and security. The limited number of licensed antifungals, together with the emergence of pathogenic fungi with multiple resistance to available antifungals, represents a serious challenge for medicine and agriculture. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new compounds with high fungal specificity and novel antifungal mechanisms. Antifungal proteins in general, and AfpB from Penicillium digitatum in particular, are promising molecules for the development of novel antifungals. This study on AfpB’s mode of action demonstrates its potent, specific fungicidal activity through the interaction with multiple targets, presumably reducing the risk of evolving fungal resistance, and through a regulated cell death process, uncovering this protein as an excellent candidate for a novel biofungicide. The in-depth knowledge on AfpB mechanistic function presented in this work is important to guide its possible future clinical and agricultural applications. Filamentous fungi produce small cysteine-rich proteins with potent, specific antifungal activity, offering the potential to fight fungal infections that severely threaten human health and food safety and security. The genome of the citrus postharvest fungal pathogen Penicillium digitatum encodes one of these antifungal proteins, namely AfpB. Biotechnologically produced AfpB inhibited the growth of major pathogenic fungi at minimal concentrations, surprisingly including its parental fungus, and conferred protection to crop plants against fungal infections. This study reports an in-depth characterization of the AfpB mechanism of action, showing that it is a cell-penetrating protein that triggers a regulated cell death program in the target fungus. We prove the importance of AfpB interaction with the fungal cell wall to exert its killing activity, for which protein mannosylation is required. We also show that the potent activity of AfpB correlates with its rapid and efficient uptake by fungal cells through an energy-dependent process. Once internalized, AfpB induces a transcriptional reprogramming signaled by reactive oxygen species that ends in cell death. Our data show that AfpB activates a self-injury program, suggesting that this protein has a biological function in the parental fungus beyond defense against competitors, presumably more related to regulation of the fungal population. Our results demonstrate that this protein is a potent antifungal that acts through various targets to kill fungal cells through a regulated process, making AfpB a promising compound for the development of novel biofungicides with multiple fields of application in crop and postharvest protection, food preservation, and medical therapies. IMPORTANCE Disease-causing fungi pose a serious threat to human health and food safety and security. The limited number of licensed antifungals, together with the emergence of pathogenic fungi with multiple resistance to available antifungals, represents a serious challenge for medicine and agriculture. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new compounds with high fungal specificity and novel antifungal mechanisms. Antifungal proteins in general, and AfpB from Penicillium digitatum in particular, are promising molecules for the development of novel antifungals. This study on AfpB’s mode of action demonstrates its potent, specific fungicidal activity through the interaction with multiple targets, presumably reducing the risk of evolving fungal resistance, and through a regulated cell death process, uncovering this protein as an excellent candidate for a novel biofungicide. The in-depth knowledge on AfpB mechanistic function presented in this work is important to guide its possible future clinical and agricultural applications.
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Zhao Q, Qiu B, Li S, Zhang Y, Cui X, Liu D. Osmotin-Like Protein Gene from Panax notoginseng Is Regulated by Jasmonic Acid and Involved in Defense Responses to Fusarium solani. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:1419-1427. [PMID: 32301678 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-19-0410-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Osmotin and osmotin-like proteins (OLPs) play important roles in plant defense responses. The full-length cDNA sequence of an OLP gene was cloned from Panax notoginseng using rapid amplification of cDNA-end technology and named PnOLP1. A quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that the signaling molecules methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, ethylene, and hydrogen peroxide induced PnOLP1 expression to different degrees. In addition, the expression level of PnOLP1 rapidly increased within 48 h of inoculating P. notoginseng with the root rot pathogen Fusarium solani. Subcellular localization revealed that PnOLP1 localized to the cell wall. A prokaryotic expression vector containing PnOLP1 was constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and in vitro antifungal assays were performed using the purified recombinant PnOLP1 protein. The recombinant PnOLP1 protein had strong inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum, F. graminearum, and F. solani. A plant PnOLP1-overexpression vector was constructed and transfected into tobacco, and the resistance of T2 transgenic tobacco against F. solani was significantly enhanced compared with wild-type tobacco. Moreover, a PnOLP1 RNAi vector was constructed and transferred to the P. notoginseng leaves for transient expression, and the decrease of PnOLP1 expression level in P. notoginseng leaves increased the susceptibility to F. solani. Thus, PnOLP1 is an important disease resistance gene involved in the defense responses of P. notoginseng to F. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500,Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Bingling Qiu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500,Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shan Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500,Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingpeng Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500,Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500,Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Diqiu Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500,Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
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Data on Adiponectin from 2010 to 2020: Therapeutic Target and Prognostic Factor for Liver Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155242. [PMID: 32718097 PMCID: PMC7432057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The review describes the role of adiponectin in liver diseases in the presence and absence of surgery reported in the literature in the last ten years. The most updated therapeutic strategies based on the regulation of adiponectin including pharmacological and surgical interventions and adiponectin knockout rodents, as well as some of the scientific controversies in this field, are described. Whether adiponectin could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver diseases and patients submitted to hepatic resection or liver transplantation are discussed. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical data on the mechanism of action of adiponectin in different liver diseases (nonalcoholic fatty disease, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma) in the absence or presence of surgery are evaluated in order to establish potential targets that might be useful for the treatment of liver disease as well as in the practice of liver surgery associated with the hepatic resections of tumors and liver transplantation.
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19
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The transcriptome analysis of the whole-body of the gastropod mollusk Limax flavus and screening of putative antimicrobial peptide and protein genes. Genomics 2020; 112:3991-3999. [PMID: 32650091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The gastropod mollusk Limax flavus, one of the most widespread pests in China, is used to treat infectious diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. However, little genomic information is available for this non-model species. In this study, the whole-body transcriptome of L. flavus was sequenced using next generation sequencing technology. A total of 6.81 Gb clean reads were obtained, which were assembled into 150,766 transcripts with 132,206 annotated unigenes. Functionally classification assigned 30,542 unigenes to 56 Gene Ontology terms, 16,745 unigenes were divided into 26 euKaryotic Ortholog Groups of proteins categories, and 13,854 unigenes were assigned to 230 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Furthermore, we identified 17,251 simple sequence repeats and several kinds of antimicrobial peptide and protein (AMPs) genes. The transcriptome data of L. flavus will provide a valuable genomic resource for further studies on this species, and the AMPs identified in L. flavus will support its medical potential.
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Kashyap H, Gupta S, Bist R. Impact of Active Antihyperglycemic Components as Herbal Therapy for Preventive Health Care Management of Diabetes. Curr Mol Med 2020; 19:12-19. [PMID: 30806316 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190219124301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic hyperglycemic condition that progressively develops, effect small and large sensory fibers in the affected population. It has various complications as hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, blindness, kidney disease as well as peripheral neuropathy. Sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, metformin, biguanidine, acarbose and insulin are commonly used drugs for diabetic patients, but these all have certain side effects. Even metformin, that is known as the miracle drug for diabetes has been found to be associated with side effects, as during treatment it involves complications with eyes, kidneys, peripheral nerves, heart and vasculature. In the present article, we hypothesize recent discoveries with respect to active ingredients from Indian medicinal plants i.e., polypeptide-p (protein analogue act as artificial insulin), charantin (a steroidal saponin), momordicin (an alkaloid) and osmotin (ubiquitous plant protein and animal analogue of human adeponectin) possessing anti-hyperglycemic potential for diabetes type II. Therefore, plants as herbal therapy have preventive care of hyperglycemia accompanied with healthy lifestyle which can provide significant decline in the incidences of diabetes in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Kashyap
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Sarika Gupta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Renu Bist
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
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Boutari C, Mantzoros CS. Adiponectin and leptin in the diagnosis and therapy of NAFLD. Metabolism 2020; 103:154028. [PMID: 31785257 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.154028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Boutari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Boston VA Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA.
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Adiponectin homolog osmotin, a potential anti-obesity compound, suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in C57BL/6 mice on high-fat diet and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:2422-2433. [PMID: 31164725 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is characterized by excessive fat accumulation due to an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Osmotin, a plant derived natural protein, is a known homolog of adiponectin. To analyze the role of Osmotin in controlling energy metabolism by suppressing abdominal fat accumulation. METHODS We investigated the effects of osmotin in C57BL/6 mice on high-fat diet and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by Biochemical tests, Immunofluorescence confocal Microscopy, RT-PCR, and Flow cytometry. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of osmotin on adipocyte differentiation and regulation of the related factors lipolysis and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells in vitro. Moreover, we analyzed the role of osmotin in prevention of insulin resistance, excess fat accumulation and metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet mouse model via AMPK and MAPK pathways in vivo. In addition, osmotin caused cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase by regulating expression of p21, p27 and CDK2 and improved glucose control, as concluded from glucose and insulin tolerance tests. CONCLUSION These results reveal the role of osmotin in AMPK downstream signaling. These results provide the first indication that osmotin exerts therapeutic effects on obesity, which could promote development of therapeutic aspects for obesity and related diseases.
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Effects of two types of energy restriction on methylation levels of adiponectin receptor 1 and leptin receptor overlapping transcript in a mouse mammary tumour virus-transforming growth factor- α breast cancer mouse model. Br J Nutr 2019; 125:1-9. [PMID: 31685042 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The role of adiponectin and leptin signalling pathways has been suggested to play important roles in the protective effects of energy restriction (ER) on mammary tumour (MT) development. To study the effects of ER on the methylation levels in adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and leptin receptor overlapping transcript (Leprot) genes using the pyrosequencing method in mammary fat pad tissue, mouse mammary tumour virus-transforming growth factor-α (MMTV-TGF-α) female mice were randomly assigned to ad libitum (AL), chronic ER (CER, 15 % ER) or intermittent ER (3 weeks AL and 1 week 60 % ER in cyclic periods) groups at 10 weeks of age until 82 weeks of age. The methylation levels of AdipoR1 in the CER group were higher than those in the AL group at week 49/50 (P < 0·05), while the levels of methylation for AdipoR1 and Leprot genes were similar among the other groups. Also, the methylation levels at CpG2 and CpG3 regions of the promoter region of the AdipoR1 gene in the CER group were three times higher (P < 0·05), while CpG1 island of Leprot methylation was significantly lower compared with the other groups (P < 0·05). Adiponectin and leptin gene expression levels were consistent with the methylation levels. We also observed a change with ageing in methylation levels of these genes. These results indicate that different types of ER modify methylation levels of AdipoR1 and Leprot in different ways and CER had a more significant effect on methylation levels of both genes. Epigenetic regulation of these genes may play important roles in the preventive effects of ER against MT development and ageing processes.
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Polyzos SA, Perakakis N, Mantzoros CS. Fatty liver in lipodystrophy: A review with a focus on therapeutic perspectives of adiponectin and/or leptin replacement. Metabolism 2019; 96:66-82. [PMID: 31071311 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipodystrophy is a group of clinically heterogeneous, inherited or acquired, disorders characterized by complete or partial absence of subcutaneous adipose tissue that may occur simultaneously with the pathological, ectopic, accumulation of fat in other regions of the body, including the liver. Fatty liver adds significantly to hepatic and extra-hepatic morbidity in patients with lipodystrophy. Lipodystrophy is strongly associated with severe insulin resistance and related comorbidities, such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but other hepatic diseases may co-exist in some types of lipodystrophy, including autoimmune hepatitis in acquired lipodystrophies, or viral hepatitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy. The aim of this review is to summarize evidence linking lipodystrophy with hepatic disease and to provide a special focus on potential therapeutic perspectives of leptin replacement therapy and adiponectin upregulation in lipodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- First Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Perakakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Li Z, Meng M, Li S, Deng B. The transcriptome analysis of Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis larvae. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214001. [PMID: 30897120 PMCID: PMC6428405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Larvae of the pest Protaetia brevitarsis are used to treat infections in traditional Chinese medicine. However, genomic information about this non-model species is currently lacking. To better understand the fundamental biology of this non-model species, its transcriptome was obtained using next generation sequencing and then analyzed. A total of 7.62 Gb of clean reads were obtained, which were assembled into 169,087 transcripts corresponding to 142,000 annotated unigenes. These unigenes were functionally classified according to Gene Ontology (GO), euKaryotic Ortholog Groups of proteins (KOG), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotations. A total of 41,921 unigenes were assigned to 56 GO terms, 21,454 unigenes were divided among 26 KOG categories, and 16,368 unigenes were assigned to 32 KEGG pathways. In addition, 19,144 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Furthermore, several kinds of natural antimicrobial peptides and proteins, 4 histones with potential antimicrobial activity, and 41 potential antimicrobial peptide sequences were identified. These data are the first reported whole transcriptome sequence of P. brevitarsis larvae, which represents a valuable genomic resource for studying this species, thus promoting the utilization of its medical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Li
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
- * E-mail:
| | - Miaomiao Meng
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Shasha Li
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Bo Deng
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
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26
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Lopes FES, da Costa HPS, Souza PFN, Oliveira JPB, Ramos MV, Freire JEC, Jucá TL, Freitas CDT. Peptide from thaumatin plant protein exhibits selective anticandidal activity by inducing apoptosis via membrane receptor. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:46-55. [PMID: 30577001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Osmotin- and thaumatin-like proteins (OLPs and TLPs) have been associated with plant defense responses to different biotic stresses. In the present work, several in silico sequences from OLPs and TLPs were investigated by means of bioinformatics tools aiming to prospect for antimicrobial peptides. The peptide sequences chosen were further synthesized and characterized, and their activities and action mechanisms were assayed against some phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and yeasts of clinical importance. From this survey approach, four peptide sequences (GDCKATSC, CPRALKVPGGCN, IVGQCPAKLKA, and CAADIVGQCPAKLK) were selected considering some chemical parameters commonly attributed to antimicrobial peptides. Antimicrobial assays showed that these peptides were unable to inhibit mycelial growth of phytopathogenic fungi and they did not affect bacterial cell growth. Nevertheless, significant inhibitory activity was found for CPRALKVPGGCN and CAADIVGQCPAKLK against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy assays suggested that CAADIVGQCPAKLK did not damage the overall cell structure, or its activity was negligible on yeast membrane and cell wall integrity. However, it induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Molecular docking analysis showed that CAADIVGQCPAKLK had strong affinity to interact with specific plasma membrane receptors of C. albicans and S. cerevisiae, which have been described as promoting the induction of apoptosis. The results indicate that CAADIVGQCPAKLK can be a valuable target for the development of a desired antimicrobial agent against the pathogen C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco E S Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Helen P S da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro F N Souza
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - João P B Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Márcio V Ramos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José E C Freire
- Faculdade UniNassau, Campus Parangaba, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 403-433, Parangaba, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Thiago L Jucá
- Refinaria de Lubrificantes e Derivados do Nordeste (Lubnor), Petrobras, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cleverson D T Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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27
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Ahmad A, Ali T, Kim MW, Khan A, Jo MH, Rehman SU, Khan MS, Abid NB, Khan M, Ullah R, Jo MG, Kim MO. Adiponectin homolog novel osmotin protects obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD by upregulating AdipoRs/PPARα signaling in ob/ob and db/db transgenic mouse models. Metabolism 2019; 90:31-43. [PMID: 30473057 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In metabolic disorders, adiponectin and adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1/R2) signaling has a key role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obesity-associated diabetes. OBJECTIVE To the best of our knowledge, here, we reported for the first time the underlying mechanistic therapeutic efficacy of the novel osmotin, a homolog of mammalian adiponectin, against NAFLD in leptin-deficient ob/ob and db/db mice. METHODS The ob/ob and db/db mice were treated with osmotin at a dose of 5 μg/g three times a week for two weeks. To co-relate the in vivo results we used the human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells, subjected to knockdown with small siRNAs of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα genes and treated with osmotin and palmitic acid (P.A.). MTT assay, Western blotting, immunohistofluorescence assays, and plasma biochemical analyses were applied. RESULTS Osmotin stimulated AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways in ob/ob and db/db mice, and HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Mechanistically, we confirmed that knockdown of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα by their respective siRNAs abolished the osmotin activity in HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Overall, the in vivo and in vitro results suggested that osmotin protected against NAFLD through activation of AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways as shown by the reduced body weight, blood glucose level and glycated hemoglobin, improved glucose tolerance, attenuated insulin resistance and hepatic glucogenesis, regulated serum lipid parameters, and increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial functions. CONCLUSION Our findings strongly suggest that novel osmotin might be a potential novel therapeutic tool against obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD and other metabolic disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/analogs & derivatives
- Adiponectin/chemistry
- Animals
- Anti-Obesity Agents/pharmacology
- Cytoprotection/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Leptin/deficiency
- Leptin/genetics
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Obese
- Mice, Transgenic
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/etiology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control
- Obesity/complications
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/pathology
- PPAR alpha/metabolism
- Plant Proteins/pharmacology
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Receptors, Leptin/deficiency
- Receptors, Leptin/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tahir Ali
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Amjad Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Sohail Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Noman Bin Abid
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mehtab Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gi Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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de Oliveira KA, Moreira Gomes MD, Vasconcelos RP, de Abreu ES, Fortunato RS, Carneiro Loureiro AC, Coelho-de-Souza AN, de Oliveira RSB, de Freitas CDT, Ramos MV, de Oliveira AC. Phytomodulatory proteins promote inhibition of hepatic glucose production and favor glycemic control via the AMPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:2342-2347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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29
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Pluskota WE, Pupel P, Głowacka K, Okorska SB, Jerzmanowski A, Nonogaki H, Górecki RJ. Jasmonic acid and ethylene are involved in the accumulation of osmotin in germinating tomato seeds. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:74-81. [PMID: 30537615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The expression of SlNP24 encoding osmotin was studied in germinating tomato seeds Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Moneymaker. The results show that the accumulation of the transcripts of SlNP24 and its potential upstream regulator TERF1 encoding an ethylene response factor was induced by ethylene and methyl jasmonate in germinating tomato seeds. There was no effect of gibberellins on the expression of the genes studied. The expression of SlNP24 was localized in the micropylar region of the endosperm of tomato seeds. The promoter of tomato osmotin was active in the endosperm cells of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, which contain reporter genes under control of SlNP24 promoter. The activity of SlNP24 promoter in A. thaliana reporter line seeds was visible when the expression of its ortholog gene in A. thaliana (AtOMS34) was observed. The mechanism of induction and a possible role of NP24 in germinating tomato seeds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta E Pluskota
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Piotr Pupel
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Głowacka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia B Okorska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Jerzmanowski
- Warsaw University and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hiroyuki Nonogaki
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Ryszard J Górecki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Liu Y, Vu V, Sweeney G. Examining the Potential of Developing and Implementing Use of Adiponectin-Targeted Therapeutics for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:842. [PMID: 31920962 PMCID: PMC6918867 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases encompass those affecting the heart and vasculature as well as other metabolic problems, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. These diseases tend to have common risk factors, one of which is impaired adiponectin action. This may be due to reduced bioavailability of the hormone or resistance to its effects on target tissues. A strong negative correlation between adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic diseases has been well-documented and research shown that adiponectin has cardioprotective, insulin sensitizing and direct beneficial metabolic effects. Thus, therapeutic approaches to enhance adiponectin action are widely considered to be desirable. The complexity of adiponectin structure and function has so far made progress in this area less than ideal. In this article we will review the effects and mechanism of action of adiponectin on cardiometabolic tissues, identify scenarios where enhancing adiponectin action would be of clinical value and finally discuss approaches via which this can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Metabolic Disease Research Division, iCarbonX Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Liu
| | - Vivian Vu
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Gary Sweeney
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31
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Maggio A, Bressan RA, Zhao Y, Park J, Yun DJ. It's Hard to Avoid Avoidance: Uncoupling the Evolutionary Connection between Plant Growth, Productivity and Stress "Tolerance". Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3671. [PMID: 30463352 PMCID: PMC6274854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 100 years, agricultural developments have favoured selection for highly productive crops, a fact that has been commonly associated with loss of key traits for environmental stress tolerance. We argue here that this is not exactly the case. We reason that high yield under near optimal environments came along with hypersensitization of plant stress perception and consequently early activation of stress avoidance mechanisms, such as slow growth, which were originally needed for survival over long evolutionary time periods. Therefore, mechanisms employed by plants to cope with a stressful environment during evolution were overwhelmingly geared to avoid detrimental effects so as to ensure survival and that plant stress "tolerance" is fundamentally and evolutionarily based on "avoidance" of injury and death which may be referred to as evolutionary avoidance (EVOL-Avoidance). As a consequence, slow growth results from being exposed to stress because genes and genetic programs to adjust growth rates to external circumstances have evolved as a survival but not productivity strategy that has allowed extant plants to avoid extinction. To improve productivity under moderate stressful conditions, the evolution-oriented plant stress response circuits must be changed from a survival mode to a continued productivity mode or to avoid the evolutionary avoidance response, as it were. This may be referred to as Agricultural (AGRI-Avoidance). Clearly, highly productive crops have kept the slow, reduced growth response to stress that they evolved to ensure survival. Breeding programs and genetic engineering have not succeeded to genetically remove these responses because they are polygenic and redundantly programmed. From the beginning of modern plant breeding, we have not fully appreciated that our crop plants react overly-cautiously to stress conditions. They over-reduce growth to be able to survive stresses for a period of time much longer than a cropping season. If we are able to remove this polygenic redundant survival safety net we may improve yield in moderately stressful environments, yet we will face the requirement to replace it with either an emergency slow or no growth (dormancy) response to extreme stress or use resource management to rescue crops under extreme stress (or both).
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Affiliation(s)
- Albino Maggio
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Junghoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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32
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Leiter É, Csernoch L, Pócsi I. Programmed cell death in human pathogenic fungi - a possible therapeutic target. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:1039-1048. [PMID: 30360667 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1541087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diseases caused by pathogenic fungi are increasing because of antibiotic overuse, the rise of immunosuppressive therapies, and climate change. The limited variety of antimycotics and the rapid adaptation of pathogenic fungi to antifungal agents serve to exacerbate this issue. Unfortunately, about 1.6 million people are killed by fungal infections annually. Areas covered: The discovery of the small antimicrobial proteins produced by microorganisms, animals, humans, and plants will hopefully overcome challenges in the treatment of fungal infections. These small proteins are highly stable and any resistance to them rarely evolves; therefore, they are potentially good candidates for the treatment and prevention of infections caused by pathogenic fungi. Some of these proteins target the programmed cell death machinery of pathogenic fungi; this is potentially a novel approach in antimycotic therapies. In this review, we highlight the elements of apoptosis in human pathogenic fungi and related model organisms and discuss the possible therapeutic potential of the apoptosis-inducing, small, antifungal proteins. Expert opinion: Small antimicrobial proteins may establish a new class of antimycotics in the future. The rarity of resistance and their synergistic effects with other frequently used antifungal agents may help pave the way for their use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Leiter
- a Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - László Csernoch
- b Department of Physiology , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - István Pócsi
- a Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
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Kim S, Lee Y, Kim JW, Son YJ, Ma MJ, Um JH, Kim ND, Min SH, Kim DI, Kim BB. Discovery of a novel potent peptide agonist to adiponectin receptor 1. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199256. [PMID: 29912982 PMCID: PMC6005460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) by its natural ligand, adiponectin has been known to be involved in modulating critical metabolic processes such as glucose metabolism and fatty acid oxidation as demonstrated by a number of in vitro and in vivo studies over last two decades. These findings suggest that AdipoRs' agonists could be developed into a potential therapeutic agent for metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, especially for type II diabetes, a long-term metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. Because of limitations in production of biologically active adiponectin, adiponectin-mimetic AdipoRs' agonists have been suggested as alternative ways to expand the opportunity to develop anti-diabetic agents. Based on crystal structure of AdipoR1, we designed AdipoR1's peptide agonists using protein-peptide docking simulation and screened their receptor binding abilities and biological functions via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and biological analysis. Three candidate peptides, BHD1028, BHD43, and BHD44 were selected and confirmed to activate AdipoR1-mediated signal pathways. In order to enhance the stability and solubility of peptide agonists, candidate peptides were PEGylated. PEGylated BHD1028 exhibited its biological activity at nano-molar concentration and could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes. Also, SPR and virtual screening techniques utilized in this study may potentially be applied to other peptide-drug screening processes against membrane receptor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwan Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
- R&D center, Polus Inc., 32 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Younho Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun Woo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Young-Jin Son
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of New Drug Discovery, Samhyun Inc., Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Ma
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Um
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Min
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong Il Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Brian B. Kim
- R&D center, EncuraGen Inc, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Antifungal Activity of an Abundant Thaumatin-Like Protein from Banana against Penicillium expansum, and Its Possible Mechanisms of Action. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061442. [PMID: 29899211 PMCID: PMC6099679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thaumatin-like protein from banana (designated BanTLP) has been purified by employing a simple protocol consisting of diethylaminoethyl Sephadex (DEAE⁻Sephadex) chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex G50, and reversed-phase chromatography. The purified protein was identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, with an estimated molecular weight of 22.1 kDa. BanTLP effectively inhibited in vitro spore germination of Penicillium expansum, one of the main postharvest pathogens in fruits. This study further investigated the antifungal properties and underlying mechanisms of BanTLP against P. expansum. Results demonstrated that BanTLP exhibited antifungal activity in a wide pH range (4.0⁻10.0) at 20⁻50 °C. Propidium iodide (PI) influx and potassium release confirmed that BanTLP induced membrane disruption of the test pathogen, increasing the membrane permeability and disintegration of the cell. This led to cell death, as evidenced by the assays of thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) content, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence integrity. Ultrastructural alterations in P. expansum conidia after BanTLP treatment revealed severe damage to the cell wall. These results suggest that BanTLP purified from banana exerts antifungal activity against P. expansum by inducing plasma membrane disturbance and cell wall disorganization.
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Takahashi Y, Watanabe R, Sato Y, Ozawa N, Kojima M, Watanabe-Kominato K, Shirai R, Sato K, Hirano T, Watanabe T. Novel phytopeptide osmotin mimics preventive effects of adiponectin on vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Metabolism 2018; 83:128-138. [PMID: 29410350 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The novel phytohormone, osmotin, has been reported to act like mammalian adiponectin through PHO36/AdipoR1 in various in vitro and in vivo models. However, there have been no reports regarding the precise effects of osmotin on atherosclerosis. METHODS We assessed the atheroprotective effects of osmotin on inflammatory molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), human leukemic monocyte (THP-1) adhesion, inflammatory responses, and foam cell formation in THP-1-derived macrophages, and the migration, proliferation, and extracellular matrix expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). We examined whether 4-week infusion of osmotin could suppress the development of aortic atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. RESULTS AdipoR1 was abundantly expressed in HUVECs, HASMCs, THP-1, and derived macrophages. Osmotin suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin in HUVECs, and TNF-α-induced THP-1-HUVEC adhesion. In THP-1-derived macrophages, osmotin suppressed the inflammatory M1 phenotype, lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of interleukin-6 and TNF-α, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation associated with CD36 and acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 downregulation and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 upregulation. In HASMCs, osmotin suppressed angiotensin II-induced migration, proliferation, collagen-1 and fibronectin expression, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity without inducing apoptosis. Infusion of osmotin into ApoE-/- mice prevented the development of aortic atherosclerotic lesions with reductions of intraplaque pentraxin-3 expression, fasting plasma glucose, and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS This study provided the first evidence that osmotin exerts preventive effects on vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, which may facilitate the development of new therapeutic modalities for combating atherosclerosis and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Takahashi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Rena Watanabe
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Nana Ozawa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Miho Kojima
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kaho Watanabe-Kominato
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Remina Shirai
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kengo Sato
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hirano
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
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Ullah A, Hussain A, Shaban M, Khan AH, Alariqi M, Gul S, Jun Z, Lin S, Li J, Jin S, Munis MFH. Osmotin: A plant defense tool against biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 123:149-159. [PMID: 29245030 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants are prone to a number of pathogens and abiotic stresses that cause various disorders. However, plants possess a defense mechanism to cope with these stresses. The osmotin protein belongs to the PR-5 family of Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, which are produced in response to diseases caused by various biotic and abiotic stresses. Osmotin uses a signal transduction pathway to inhibit the activity of defensive cell wall barriers and increases its own cytotoxic efficiency. However, in response to cytotoxic effects, this pathway stimulates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that triggers changes in the cell wall and enables osmotin's entrance into the plasma membrane. This mechanism involves cell wall binding and membrane perturbation, although the complete mechanism of osmotin activity has not been fully elucidated. Osmotin possesses an acidic cleft that is responsible for communication with its receptor in the plasma membrane of fungi. Osmotin is also involved in the initiation of apoptosis and programmed cell death, whereas its overexpression causes the accumulation of proline in transgenic plants. A higher concentration of osmotin can cause the lysis of hyphae tips. This review highlights the role of osmotin protein in the plant defense mechanism and its mode of action against numerous pathogens in wild and transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Ullah
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Amjad Hussain
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Shaban
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Aamir Hamid Khan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muna Alariqi
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Summia Gul
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zhang Jun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Sun Lin
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Jianying Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Farooq Hussain Munis
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; University of California, Department of Plant Pathology, 354 Hutchison Hall, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616-8680, USA.
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Wang L, Xue K, Wang Y, Niu L, Li L, Zhong T, Guo J, Feng J, Song T, Zhang H. Molecular and functional characterization of the adiponectin (AdipoQ) gene in goat skeletal muscle satellite cells. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 31:1088-1097. [PMID: 29381891 PMCID: PMC6043445 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective It is commonly accepted that adiponectin binds to its two receptors to regulate fatty acid metabolism in adipocytes. To better understand their functions in the regulation of intramuscular adipogenesis in goats, we cloned the three genes (adiponectin [AdipoQ], adiponectin receptor 1 [AdipoR1], and AdipoR2) encoding these proteins and detected their mRNA distribution in different tissues. We also determined the role of AdipoQ in the adipogenic differentiation of goat skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs). Methods SMSCs were isolated using 1 mg/mL Pronase E from the longissimus dorsi muscles of 3-day-old female Nanjiang brown goats. Adipogenic differentiation was induced in satellite cells by transferring the cells to Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with an isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone and insulin cocktail. The pEGFP-N1-AD plasmid was transfected into SMSCs using Lipofectamine 2000. Expression of adiponectin in tissues and SMSCs was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical staining. Results The three genes were predominantly expressed in adipose and skeletal muscle tissues. According to fluorescence and immunocytochemical analyses, adiponectin protein expression was only observed in the cytoplasm, suggesting that adiponectin is localized to the cytoplasm of goat SMSCs. In SMSCs overexpressing the AdipoQ gene, adiponectin promoted SMSC differentiation into adipocytes and significantly (p<0.05) up-regulated expression of AdipoR2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty-acid synthase, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, though expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and AdipoR1 did not change significantly. Conclusion Adiponectin induced SMSC differentiation into adipocytes, indicating that adiponectin may promote intramuscular adipogenesis in goat SMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Tianzeng Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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The Adiponectin Homolog Osmotin Enhances Neurite Outgrowth and Synaptic Complexity via AdipoR1/NgR1 Signaling in Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6673-6686. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Liu J, Sui H, Zhao J, Wang Y. Osmotin Protects H9c2 Cells from Simulated Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through AdipoR1/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Front Physiol 2017; 8:611. [PMID: 28993734 PMCID: PMC5622187 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of osmotin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods:In vitro I/R injury model was established on rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells by oxygen and glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion (OGD/R). Cells were administrated with osmotin, and transfected with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) which specifically target adiponectin receptor 1 or 2 (AdipoR1/2). Besides, the cells were incubated with or without LY294002 as inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) under OGD/R condition. Cell viability, apoptosis, expressions of apoptosis-related proteins and inflammatory factors were analyzed. Results: The results showed that osmotin significantly increased H9c2 cells viability compared with the cells treated with vehicle (P < 0.05), and decreased H9c2 cells apoptosis by regulating expressions of apoptosis-related proteins. Moreover, we observed that osmotin statistically reduced the release of proinflammatory factors and increased the release of anti-inflammatory factors in H9c2 cells (P < 0.05). However, these effects were markedly reversed by AdipoR1 silence but not AdipoR2. Furthermore, osmotin dramatically upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, ERK, and downregulated the phosphorylation level of NF-κB (P < 0.05). While administration of LY294002 reduced cell viability, increased cell apoptosis, and aggravated inflammatory response (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggested that the protective effect of osmotin on the simulated OGD/R injured H9c2 cells might be associated with AdipoR1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hua Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jianlin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
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Abid NB, Yoon G, Kim MO. Molecular Cloning and Expression of Osmotin in a Baculovirus-Insect System: Purified Osmotin Mitigates Amyloid-beta Deposition in Neuronal Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8147. [PMID: 28811634 PMCID: PMC5557928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08396-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmotin is a pathogenesis-related plant protein, have gained focus of research because of its homology with mammalian adiponectin. The therapeutic properties of osmotin have been explored in recent years as it exhibits neuroprotective effects against amyloid beta-, glutamate- and ethanol-induced synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. In the present study, the full-length gene of the tobacco plant osmotin was cloned and expressed in the Sf9 insect cell line using the baculovirus expression system. In vitro analysis of purified Osmotin protein showed excellent cell viability, p-AMPK activation and a reduction in amyloid-beta deposition. Immunofluorescent analysis showed significant reduction in amyloid beta deposition in APP over expressing neuronal cells. Osmotin inhibited amyloid beta deposition by influencing expression of APP processing genes including APP, ADAM 10 and BACE 1. Purified Osmotin showed reduction in amyloid beta deposition in different in vitro models as well. Osmotin showed similar mechanism when compared with mammalian adiponectin in different in vitro models. The present method will be an excellent approach for the efficient and cost-effective production of the functional protein to be utilized for therapeutic purposes. Reduction in amyloid beta deposition by activation of p-AMPK influencing APP processing genes makes osmotin a potent therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Bin Abid
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangho Yoon
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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Shah SA, Yoon GH, Chung SS, Abid MN, Kim TH, Lee HY, Kim MO. Novel osmotin inhibits SREBP2 via the AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway to improve Alzheimer's disease neuropathological deficits. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:407-416. [PMID: 27001618 PMCID: PMC5322276 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extensive evidence has indicated that a high rate of cholesterol biogenesis and abnormal neuronal energy metabolism play key roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Here, for we believe the first time, we used osmotin, a plant protein homolog of mammalian adiponectin, to determine its therapeutic efficacy in different AD models. Our results reveal that osmotin treatment modulated adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), significantly induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation and reduced SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2) expression in both in vitro and in vivo AD models and in Adipo-/- mice. Via the AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1/SREBP2 signaling pathway, osmotin significantly diminished amyloidogenic Aβ production, abundance and aggregation, accompanied by improved pre- and post-synaptic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, memory deficits and, most importantly, reversed the suppression of long-term potentiation in AD mice. Interestingly, AdipoR1, AMPK and SIRT1 silencing not only abolished osmotin capability but also further enhanced AD pathology by increasing SREBP2, amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-secretase (BACE1) expression and the levels of toxic Aβ production. However, the opposite was true for SREBP2 when silenced using small interfering RNA in APPswe/ind-transfected SH-SY5Y cells. Similarly, osmotin treatment also enhanced the non-amyloidogenic pathway by activating the α-secretase gene that is, ADAM10, in an AMPK/SIRT1-dependent manner. These results suggest that osmotin or osmotin-based therapeutic agents might be potential candidates for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Shah
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - G H Yoon
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S S Chung
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M N Abid
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - M O Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea,Neuroscience Pioneer Research Center, Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea. E-mail:
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El husseny MWA, Mamdouh M, Shaban S, Ibrahim Abushouk A, Zaki MMM, Ahmed OM, Abdel-Daim MM. Adipokines: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Vascular Dysfunction in Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:8095926. [PMID: 28286779 PMCID: PMC5327767 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8095926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are bioactive molecules that regulate several physiological functions such as energy balance, insulin sensitization, appetite regulation, inflammatory response, and vascular homeostasis. They include proinflammatory cytokines such as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as adiponectin, as well as vasodilator and vasoconstrictor molecules. In obesity and type II diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin resistance causes impairment of the endocrine function of the perivascular adipose tissue, an imbalance in the secretion of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator molecules, and an increased production of reactive oxygen species. Recent studies have shown that targeting plasma levels of adipokines or the expression of their receptors can increase insulin sensitivity, improve vascular function, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several reviews have discussed the potential of adipokines as therapeutic targets for type II DM and obesity; however, this review is the first to focus on their therapeutic potential for vascular dysfunction in type II DM and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Wanees Ahmed El husseny
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- NovaMed Medical Research Association, Cairo, Egypt
- Fayoum Medical Student Association, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Sara Shaban
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | | | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Viktorova J, Rehorova K, Musilova L, Suman J, Lovecka P, Macek T. New findings in potential applications of tobacco osmotin. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 129:84-93. [PMID: 27654923 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The osmotin protein is involved in both monocot and dicot plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress. To determine the biological activity of osmotin, the gene was amplified from tobacco genomic DNA, fused with the hexahistidine tag motif and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, after which the recombinant osmotin was purified and renatured. Various activities were then tested, including hemolytic activity, toxicity against human embryonic kidney cells, and the antifungal activity of the recombinant osmotin. We found that osmotin had no adverse effects on human kidney cells up to a concentration of 500 μg.ml-1. However, the purified osmotin also had significant antimicrobial activity, specifically against fungal pathogens causing candidiasis and otitis, and against the common food pathogens. Using the osmotin-Agrobacterium construct, the osmotin gene was inserted into tobacco plants in order to facilitate the isolation of recombinant protein. Using qPCR, the presence and copy number of the transgene was detected in the tobacco plant DNA. The transgene was also quantified using mRNA, and results indicated a strong expression profile, however the native protein has been never isolated. Once the transgene presence was confirmed, the transgenic tobacco plants were grown in high saline concentrations and monitored for seed germination and chlorophyll content as indicators of overall plant health. Results indicated that the transgenic tobacco plants had a higher tolerance for osmotic stress. These results indicate that the osmotin gene has the potential to increase crop tolerance to stresses such as fungal attack and unfavorable osmotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Viktorova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Rehorova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Musilova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jachym Suman
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lovecka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Macek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Vasilchenko AS, Yuryev M, Ryazantsev DY, Zavriev SK, Feofanov AV, Grishin EV, Rogozhin EA. Studying of cellular interaction of hairpin-like peptide EcAMP1 from barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.) seeds with plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani using microscopy techniques. SCANNING 2016; 38:591-598. [PMID: 26855384 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An interaction of recombinant hairpin-like cationic peptide EcAMP1 with conidia of plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani at the cellular level was studied by a combination of microscopic methods. EcAMP1 is from barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.), and obtained by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli system. As a result, a direct relationship between hyphal growth inhibition and increasing active peptide concentration, time of incubation and fungal physiological condition has been determined. Dynamics of accumulation and redistribution of the peptide studied on fungal cellular cover and inside the conidia cells has been shown. The dynamics are dependent on time of coupling, as well as, a dissimilarity of EcAMP1 binding with cover of fungal conidia and its stepwise accumulation and diffuse localization in the cytoplasm. Correlation between structural disruption of fungal conidia and the presence of morphological changes has also been found. The correlation was found under the influence of peptide high concentrations at concentrations above 32 μM. The results indicate the presence of a binding of EcAMP1 with the surface of fungal conidia, thus, demonstrating a main specificity for its antifungal action at the cellular level. These results, however, cannot exclude the existence of attendant EcAMP1 action based on its intracellular localization on some specific targets. SCANNING 38:591-598, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Vasilchenko
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Yuryev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Yu Ryazantsev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey K Zavriev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey V Feofanov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene V Grishin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene A Rogozhin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Glucose level determines excitatory or inhibitory effects of adiponectin on arcuate POMC neuron activity and feeding. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30796. [PMID: 27503800 PMCID: PMC4977585 DOI: 10.1038/srep30796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, acting against metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence suggest that adiponectin acts on the brain including hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), where proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons play key roles in feeding regulation. Several studies have examined intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of adiponectin and reported opposite effects, increase or decrease of food intake. These reports used different nutritional states. The present study aimed to clarify whether adiponectin exerts distinct effects on food intake and ARC POMC neurons depending on the glucose concentration. Adiponectin was ICV injected with or without glucose for feeding experiments and administered to ARC slices with high or low glucose for patch clamp experiments. We found that adiponectin at high glucose inhibited POMC neurons and increased food intake while at low glucose it exerted opposite effects. The results demonstrate that glucose level determines excitatory or inhibitory effects of adiponectin on arcuate POMC neuron activity and feeding.
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Polyzos SA, Kountouras J, Mantzoros CS. Adipokines in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2016; 65:1062-79. [PMID: 26725002 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of adipose tissue as a higly active endocrine tissue, adipokines, peptides produced by adipose tissue and exerting autocrine, paracrine and endocrine function, have gained increasing interest in various obesity-related diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Data regarding the association between NAFLD and circulating leptin and adiponectin levels are generally well documented: leptin levels increase, whereas adiponectin levels decrease, by increasing the severity of NAFLD. Data regarding other adipokines in histologically confirmed NAFLD populations are inconclusive (e.g., resistin, visfatin, retinol-binding protein-4, chemerin) or limited (e.g., adipsin, obestatin, omentin, vaspin etc.). This review summarizes evidence on the association between adipokines and NAFLD. The first part of the review provides general consideration on the interplay between adipokines and NAFLD, and the second part provides evidence on specific adipokines possibly involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. A thorough insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms linking adipokines with NAFLD may result in the design of studies investigating the combined adipokine use as noninvasive diagnostic markers of NAFLD and new clinical trials targeting the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- Second Medical Clinic, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Jannis Kountouras
- Second Medical Clinic, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Xue X, Cao ZX, Zhang XT, Wang Y, Zhang YF, Chen ZX, Pan XB, Zuo SM. Overexpression of OsOSM1 Enhances Resistance to Rice Sheath Blight. PLANT DISEASE 2016; 100:1634-1642. [PMID: 30686242 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-15-1372-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight (SB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide. It has been difficult to generate SB-resistant varieties through conventional breeding because of the quantitative nature of rice resistance to SB. In this study, we found that overexpression of the OsOSM1 gene, encoding an osmotin protein belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein 5 family, is able to improve rice resistance to SB in field tests. Although there are two osmotin genes in rice, OsOSM1 is the one mainly expressed in leaf sheath at the booting stage, coinciding with the critical stage of SB development in the field. In addition, OsOSM1 expression is strongly induced by R. solani in SB-resistant rice variety YSBR1 but not in susceptible varieties, suggesting its involvement in SB resistance. Overexpression of OsOSM1 (OsOSM1ox) in susceptible variety Xudao 3 significantly increases resistance to SB in transgenic rice. The OsOSM1 mRNA levels in different transgenic lines are found to be positively correlated with their SB resistance levels. Intriguingly, although extremely high levels of OsOSM1 were detrimental to rice development, appropriately elevated levels of OsSOM1 were obtained that enhanced rice SB resistance without affecting rice development or grain yield. The OsSOM1 protein is localized on plasma membrane. OsOSM1 is upregulated by jasmonic acid (JA); furthermore, JA-responsive marker genes are induced in OsOSM1ox lines. These results suggest that the activation of JA signaling pathway may account for the increased resistance in transgenic OsOSM1ox lines. Taken together, our results demonstrate that OsOSM1 plays an important role in defense against rice SB disease and provides a new target for engineering resistance to SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Z X Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - X T Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Y Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Y F Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Z X Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - X B Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - S M Zuo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Tokumoto T, Hossain MB, Wang J. Establishment of procedures for studying mPR-interacting agents and physiological roles of mPR. Steroids 2016; 111:79-83. [PMID: 26917245 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
More than 10years have passed since the discovery of membrane progestin receptors (mPRs). Although the identification of mPR genes in various organisms and mPR expression patterns have been described since then, the precise physiological roles of mPRs are still unclear, except their function as a receptor for maturation-inducing steroid in fish. The wide distribution of mPRs suggests variable actions for progestins through mPRs in the tissues. Information about the physiological roles of mPRs, such as roles in the progression of breast cancer and T-cell proliferation, has gradually accumulated recently. These results suggest that mPRs are possible targets for new pharmaceuticals. We established a cell line that was transformed with cDNAs for mPRα and a recombinant luciferase gene named GloSensor. The cells can be used for monitoring the effects of ligands on mPRα based on intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. Studies using these cell lines indicated that the cAMP concentration is decreased by ligands for mPRα. The results provide support for previous results suggesting that mPRα is coupled to inhibitory G protein (Gi). We also established screening methods that make it possible to screen ligands for mPR. Recently, we succeeded in expressing and purifying recombinant mPR protein in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Relatively large amounts of mPR protein with hormonal binding activity can be purified by our method. The recombinant protein will be applicable to establishing a molecular probe to detect mPR-interacting agents. To obtain decisive evidence for the roles of mPRs, we are establishing strains of medaka fish that are deficient in mPRs. In medaka, four subtypes of mPR genes (α, β, γ, and α2) have been identified. By reverse genetic screening, we have selected three to four strains in which a point mutation has been induced in the coding sequence of the mPR subtypes. However, homozygous mutants of each mPR gene showed no phenotype. The results suggested that mPR genes share redundancy. We are currently producing double and triple mutants of the mPR subtypes. The physiological roles of mPRs will be demonstrated using the mutant medaka strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinobu Tokumoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan; Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Md Babul Hossain
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Jun Wang
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Mattiazzi Ušaj M, Prelec M, Brložnik M, Primo C, Curk T, Ščančar J, Yenush L, Petrovič U. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae adiponectin receptor homolog Izh2 is involved in the regulation of zinc, phospholipid and pH homeostasis. Metallomics 2016; 7:1338-51. [PMID: 26067383 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00095e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The functional link between zinc homeostasis and membrane-related processes, including lipid metabolism regulation, extends from yeast to humans, and has a likely role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. The yeast Izh2 protein has been previously implicated in zinc ion homeostasis and in the regulation of lipid and phosphate metabolism, but its precise molecular function is not known. We performed a chemogenomics experiment to determine the genes conferring resistance or sensitivity to different environmental zinc concentrations. We then determined at normal, depleted and excess zinc concentrations, the genetic interactions of IZH2 at the genome-wide level and measured changes in the transcriptome caused by deletion of IZH2. We found evidence for an important cellular function of the Rim101 pathway in zinc homeostasis in neutral or acidic environments, and observed that phosphatidylinositol is a source of inositol when zinc availability is limited. Comparison of our experimental profiles with published gene expression and genetic interaction profiles revealed pleiotropic functions for Izh2. We propose that Izh2 acts as an integrator of intra- and extracellular signals in providing adequate cellular responses to maintain homeostasis under different external conditions, including - but not limited to - alterations in zinc concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Mattiazzi Ušaj
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Higuchi N, Ito Y, Kato J, Ogihara J, Kasumi T. NP24 induces apoptosis dependent on caspase-like activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 121:619-624. [PMID: 26589784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tomato NP24 is a homolog of osmotin, a PR-5 protein from tobacco that can initiate apoptosis in yeast via PHO36 in the plasma membrane. We cloned and sequenced NP24 from tomato cv. Momotaro. Based on phylogenetic analysis, NP24 from Momotaro belonged to the Solanaceae clade. The amino acid sequence was identical to that of cv. Ailsa Craig including signal peptide, but the residues predicted to interact with the adiponectin receptor, ADIPOR, were slightly different from osmotin. Recombinant NP24 (rNP24) was expressed in a reductase-deficient mutant of Escherichia coli as host cell, and purified from cell extract by affinity chromatography. Purified rNP24 significantly inhibited growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild-type spheroplasts. In contrast, growth of PHO36 deletion mutant (ΔIzh2) spheroplasts was not inhibited. Moreover, rNP24 induced significant activity of reactive oxygen species, caspase-like activity, and also nuclear fragmentation in wild-type spheroplast cells. These results demonstrated that rNP24 from Momotaro greatly influenced cell viability due to triggering apoptosis through PHO36. Notably, apoptosis induced by NP24 was caspase-like protease dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Higuchi
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ito
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Jun Kato
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Jun Ogihara
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kasumi
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
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