1
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Tran MK, Ready JM. Chemoselective and Stereoselective Allylation of Bis(alkenyl)boronates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407824. [PMID: 38781007 PMCID: PMC11347121 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Bis(alkenyl)boronates react with optically active Ir(π-allyl) species in a process that involves allylation of the more substituted olefin and 1,2-metalate shift of the less substituted olefin. The method constructs valuable enantioenriched tertiary allylic boronic esters with high chemoselectivity, enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity. Allylic functionalization reactions transform the 1,3-stereodiad to 1,5- and 1,6-stereochemical relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Khoa Tran
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Chemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-0938 (USA)
| | - Joseph M. Ready
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Chemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-0938 (USA)
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2
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Mondal S, Gunschera B, Olofsson B. Transition-Metal-Free C-Diarylations to Reach All-Carbon Quaternary Centers. JACS AU 2024; 4:2832-2837. [PMID: 39211612 PMCID: PMC11350576 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a convenient protocol for the α-diarylation of carbon nucleophiles to yield heavily functionalized quaternary products. Diaryliodonium salts are utilized to transfer both aryl groups under transition-metal-free conditions, which enables an atom-efficient and high-yielding method with broad functional group tolerance. The methodology is amenable to a wide variety of carbon nucleophiles and can be utilized in late-stage functionalization of complex arenes. Furthermore, it is compatible with a new class of zwitterionic iodonium reagents, which gives access to phenols with an ortho-quaternary center. The diarylated products bear an ortho-iodo substituent that can be utilized in further transformations, including the formation of novel, functionalized six-membered cyclic iodonium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhan Mondal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius
Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Gunschera
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius
Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius
Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Wang D, He J, Chen Y, Liu B, Wu Z, Pan X, Niu X. Harnessing in vivo synthesis of bioactive multiarylmethanes in Escherichia coli via oxygen-mediated free radical reaction induced by simple phenols. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:219. [PMID: 39103877 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xanthenes and multi-aryl carbon core containing compounds represent different types of complex and condensed architectures that have impressive wide range of pharmacological, industrial and synthetic applications. Moreover, indoles as building blocks were only found in naturally occurring metabolites with di-aryl carbon cores and in chemically synthesized tri-aryl carbon core containing compounds. Up to date, rare xanthenes with indole bearing multicaryl carbon core have been reported in natural or synthetic products. The underlying mechanism of fluorescein-like arthrocolins with tetra-arylmethyl core were synthesized in an engineered Escherichia coli fed with toluquinol remained unclear. RESULTS In this study, the Keio collection of single gene knockout strains of 3901 mutants of E. coli BW25113, together with 14 distinct E. coli strains, was applied to explore the origins of endogenous building blocks and the biogenesis for arthrocolin assemblage. Deficiency in bacterial respiratory and aromatic compound degradation genes ubiX, cydB, sucA and ssuE inhibited the mutant growth fed with toluquinol. Metabolomics of the cultures of 3897 mutants revealed that only disruption of tnaA involving in transforming tryptophan to indole, resulted in absence of arthrocolins. Further media optimization, thermal cell killing and cell free analysis indicated that a non-enzyme reaction was involved in the arthrocolin biosynthesis in E. coli. Evaluation of redox potentials and free radicals suggested that an oxygen-mediated free radical reaction was responsible for arthrocolins formation in E. coli. Regulation of oxygen combined with distinct phenol derivatives as inducer, 31 arylmethyl core containing metabolites including 13 new and 8 biological active, were isolated and characterized. Among them, novel arthrocolins with p-hydroxylbenzene ring from tyrosine were achieved through large scale of aerobic fermentation and elucidated x-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, most of the known compounds in this study were for the first time synthesized in a microbe instead of chemical synthesis. Through feeding the rat with toluquinol after colonizing the intestines of rat with E. coli, arthrocolins also appeared in the rat blood. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a mechanistic insight into in vivo synthesis of complex and condensed arthrocolins induced by simple phenols and exploits a quinol based method to generate endogenous aromatic building blocks, as well as a methylidene unit, for the bacteria-facilitated synthesis of multiarylmethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Jiangbo He
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Boran Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xuerong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China.
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4
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Karan G, Sahu S, Metya A, Maji MS. Asymmetric 1,2-Migration at Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters Constructed from α-Keto Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405212. [PMID: 38721919 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
A carbonyl-assisted asymmetric 1,2-migratory allylation through in situ generation of vicinal tetrasubstituted stereocenters is reported to access enantiopure α-amino ketones and amino alcohols with excellent yields and diastereoselectivities. In a remarkable divergence, despite higher steric hindrance, the allylation exclusively occurs on ketones over imines in the first step, followed by a face-selective 1,2-allyl transfer, thus highlighting an exciting interplay between two distinct electrophiles. The methodology distinguishes itself through its adaptability to gram-scale synthesis, showcasing broad functional-group tolerance and stereodivergence. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis led to a deeper understanding of its selectivity and mechanistic framework. Highlighting its transformative potential, the method was applied to the total synthesis of hapalindole alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Karan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Samrat Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Abhisek Metya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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5
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Chen K, Zhou S, Li C, Dong S, Hong K, Xu X. Enantioselective Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters via A Chiral Spiro Phosphoric Acid-Assisted Formal Gold Carbene gem-Dialkylation Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19261-19270. [PMID: 38950118 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Enantioselective construction of all-carbon quaternary stereocenters has attracted much attention over the past few decades. A variety of catalytic asymmetric methods have been disclosed based on the use of presynthesized complex reagents that impart congested steric hindrance to the reaction center, which generally produce the chiral molecules through forming one C-C bond. The use of readily available reagents that could build two C-C bonds on the same carbonic center with the concomitant assembly of quaternary stereocenters remains challenging. Herein, we disclose a catalytic asymmetric alkyne multifunctionalization reaction using a gold complex and a chiral spiro phosphoric acid (SPA) for synergistic catalysis. In this method, the readily accessible internal alkynes served as the key gold carbene precursors, followed by carbene gem-dialkylation through Mannich-type addition of enolate species or stepwise formal cycloaddition with methylenimines that are derived from 1,3,5-triazinanes in the presence of SPA. The reaction provides practical access to poly-functionalized chiral linear and cyclic ketones that bear two adjacent quaternary stereocenters in generally good yields and excellent enantioselectivities, leading to an essential complement to the asymmetric construction of quaternary stereocenters using readily available materials with high bond formation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Su Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shanliang Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kemiao Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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6
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Yang Y, Chen J, Shi Y, Liu P, Feng Y, Peng Q, Xu S. Catalytic Enantioselective Primary C-H Borylation for Acyclic All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1635-1643. [PMID: 38182551 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Creating a perfect catalyst to operate enzyme-like chiral recognition has been a long-sought aim. A challenging example in this context is constructing acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers by transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H activation. We now report highly enantioselective iridium-catalyzed primary C-H borylation of α-all-carbon substituted 2,2-dimethyl amides enabled by a tailor-made chiral bidentate boryl ligand (CBL). The success of the current transformation is attributed to the CBL/iridium catalyst, which has a confined chiral pocket. This protocol provides a diverse array of acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters with excellent enantiocontrol and distinct structural features. Computational study reveals that steric hindrance of CBL could regulate the type of dominant orbital interaction between the catalyst and substrate, which is crucial to conferring high chiral induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongjia Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuxiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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7
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Ghorai D, Garcia-Roca A, Tóth BL, Benet-Buchholz J, Kleij AW. Ni-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Homoallylic Coupling: Synthesis of Chiral Branched 1,5-Dienes Featuring a Quaternary Stereogenic Center and Mechanistic Analysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314865. [PMID: 37931062 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric synthesis of small molecules comprising quaternary stereogenic carbon centers represents a challenging objective. Here regio- and enantioselective synthesis of chiral 1,5-dienes featuring quaternary stereocenters is reported via nickel-promoted by reductive homoallylic coupling. The developed methodology features an atypical preference for the formation of unusual branched regioisomers (rr >20 : 1) in a sterically challenging allylic substitution event and furnishes the products with enantiomeric ratios of up to 98 : 2 and with high chemo- and E-selectivity. A range of experimental evidences suggest that zinc plays a dual role to generate electrophilic and nucleophilic Ni(II)-allyl intermediates empowering a unique formal bimetallic cross-electrophile manifold in two separate kinetic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Ghorai
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Aleria Garcia-Roca
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Balázs L Tóth
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Li Y, Wang M, Ma R, Niu R, Wang H, Zhang Y, Lin JB. Organocatalytic allylic alkylation of alkyne-substituted MBH carbonates: access to quaternary carbon-containing 1,4-enynes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8263-8266. [PMID: 37807637 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01317k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A DABCO-catalyzed allylic alkylation of tertiary propargylic alcohol-derived MBH carbonates with nitromethane was developed. A series of substituted 1,4-enynes with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter were efficiently obtained in moderate to high yields. The synthetic utility of the product was demonstrated by facile synthesis of 1,4-enyne-embedded 2-pyrrolidinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Mei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Rongrong Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Rui Niu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Haodong Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Yantu Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Jun-Bing Lin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
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9
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Keita H, Meek SJ. Synthesis of Quaternary and Tertiary Carbon-Substituted Arenes by Lewis Base Promoted Site-Selective Coupling with Allylic Nucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306277. [PMID: 37350059 PMCID: PMC10529890 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
A practical method for the preparation of quaternary and tertiary allyl-substituted heteroarenes by site-selective couplings of heteroaryl nitriles and allylic nucleophiles is disclosed. Transformations utilize readily accessible stable reagents, proceed in the presence of a Lewis base activator, and undergo aryl-C(sp3 ) quaternary and tertiary carbon formation with high γ-selectivity (up to >98 : 2 γ : α).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawa Keita
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-3290, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Simon J Meek
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-3290, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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10
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Williams CG, Nistanaki SK, Wells CW, Nelson HM. α-Vinylation of Ester Equivalents via Main Group Catalysis for the Construction of Quaternary Centers. Org Lett 2023; 25:3591-3595. [PMID: 37192420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A methodology for the construction of sterically congested quaternary centers via the trapping of vinyl carbocations with silyl ketene acetals is disclosed. This main group-catalyzed α-vinylation reaction is advantageous as methods to access these congested motifs are limited. Moreover, β,γ-unsaturated carbonyl moieties and tetrasubstituted alkenes are present in various bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals, and this catalytic platform offers a means of accessing them using simple and inexpensive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe G Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sepand K Nistanaki
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Conner W Wells
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Hosea M Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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11
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Dubey ZJ, Shen W, Little JA, Krische MJ. Dual Ruthenium-Catalyzed Alkene Isomerization-Hydrogen Auto-Transfer Unlocks Skipped Dienes as Pronucleophiles for Enantioselective Alcohol C-H Allylation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10.1021/jacs.3c00934. [PMID: 37018070 PMCID: PMC10551046 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The first use of 1,4-pentadiene and 1,5-hexadiene as allylmetal pronucleophiles in regio-, anti-diastereo-, and enantioselective carbonyl addition from alcohol proelectrophiles is described. As corroborated by deuterium labeling experiments, primary alcohol dehydrogenation delivers a ruthenium hydride that affects alkene isomerization to furnish a conjugated diene, followed by transfer hydrogenative carbonyl addition. Hydrometalation appears to be assisted by the formation of a fluxional olefin-chelated homoallylic alkylruthenium complex II, which exists in equilibrium with its pentacoordinate η1 form to enable β-hydride elimination. This effect confers remarkable chemoselectivity: while 1,4-pentadiene and 1,5-hexadiene are competent pronucleophiles, higher 1,n-dienes are not, and the olefinic functional groups of the products remain intact under conditions in which the 1,4- and 1,5-dienes isomerize. A survey of halide counterions reveals iodide-bound ruthenium-JOSIPHOS catalysts are uniquely effective in these processes. This method was used to prepare a previously reported C1-C7 substructure of (-)-pironetin in 4 vs 12 steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Weijia Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - John A Little
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Michael J Krische
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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12
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Charpe VP, Ragupathi A, Sagadevan A, Ho YS, Cheng MJ, Hwang KC. Copper (I) Chloride-Catalyzed Photoredox Synthesis of Multifunctionalized Compounds at Room Temperature and Their Antifungal Activities. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300110. [PMID: 36892141 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple visible-light-induced CuCl-catalyzed synthesis was developed for highly functionalized carbon-centered compounds (α-alk/aryloxy-α-diaryl/alkylaryl-acetaldehydes/ketones) at room temperature using benzoquinone, alkyl/aryl alcohol, and alkyl/aryl terminal/internal alkynes. Late-stage functionalized compounds show good antifungal activities, especially against Candida krusei fungal strain, in in vitro experiments (the Broth microdilution method). Moreover, toxicity tests (zebrafish egg model experiments) indicated that these compounds had negligible cytotoxicity. The green chemistry metrics (E-factor value is 7.3) and eco-scale (eco-scale value is 58.8) evaluations show that the method is simple, mild, highly efficient, eco-friendly, and environmentally feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayyakkannu Ragupathi
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, R. O. C., Taiwan
| | | | - Yeu-Shiuan Ho
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, R.O.C., Taiwan
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, R.O.C., Taiwan
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, R. O. C., Taiwan
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13
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Chen P, Lv MJ, Cheng JK, Xiang SH, Ren XZ, Zhang J, Tan B. Enantioselective construction of triaryl-substituted all-carbon quaternary stereocenters via organocatalytic arylation of oxindoles with azonaphthalenes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2330-2335. [PMID: 36873834 PMCID: PMC9977417 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc07103g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Azonaphthalenes have been verified as a class of effective arylation reagents in a variety of asymmetric transformations. Here a highly efficient approach to construct triaryl-substituted all-carbon quaternary stereocenters through chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed enantioselective arylation of 3-aryl-2-oxindoles with azonaphthalenes is disclosed. This chemistry is scalable and displays excellent functional group tolerance, furnishing a series of 3,3-disubstituted 2-oxindole derivatives in good yields with excellent enantiocontrol. Preliminary mechanistic data suggest that the initially formed direct addition intermediate undergoes intramolecular annulation under acidic reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengquan Chen
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China .,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Mei-Jun Lv
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jun Kee Cheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Shao-Hua Xiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiang-Zhong Ren
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Bin Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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14
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The Reaction Mechanism of the Cu(I) Catalyzed Alkylation of Heterosubstituted Alkynes. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkynes may be regioselectively alkylated to alkenes by organocopper reagents in a reaction known as “carbocupration”, where an alkylCu(I) binds to the alkyne and transfers its organic moiety to one of the alkyne carbon atoms. Alkynes hetero-substituted with third-row elements yield alkenes with a regiochemistry opposite to that obtained when using alkynes hetero-substituted with second-row elements. Early computational investigations of his reaction mechanism have identified the importance of the organocopper counter-cation (Li+) to the achievement of good reaction rates, but in the subsequent two decades no further progress has been reported regarding the exploration of the mechanism or the explanation of the experimental regiochemistry. In this work, density-functional theory is used to investigate the mechanism used and to describe a model that correctly explains both the reaction rates at sub-zero temperatures and the regiochemistry profiles obtained with each of the heteroalkynes. The rate-determining step is shown to vary depending on the heterosubstituent, and the alkyl transfer is consistently shown to occur, somewhat counter-intuitively, to the alkyne carbon that is complexed by Cu rather than to the “free” alkyne carbon atom, which instead interacts with the counter-cation that stabilizes the developing electronic charge distribution.
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15
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Pavlíčková T, Stöckl Y, Marek I. Synthesis and Functionalization of Tertiary Propargylic Boronic Esters by Alkynyllithium-Mediated 1,2-Metalate Rearrangement of Borylated Cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:8901-8906. [PMID: 36446049 PMCID: PMC9791689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Implementing the use of alkynyllithium reagents in a stereospecific 1,2-metalate rearrangement-mediated ring opening of polysubstituted cyclopropyl boronic esters provides a variety of tertiary pinacol boranes bearing adjacent tertiary or quaternary carbon stereocenters with high levels of diastereomeric purity. The potential of this strategy was demonstrated through a selection of α- and γ-functionalization of the propargyl boronic esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Pavlíčková
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Yannick Stöckl
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
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16
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Cohen A, Siddaraju Y, Marek I. Directed Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation and Epoxidation of Alkenyl Cyclopropyl Carbinol Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:8322-8325. [PMID: 36354275 PMCID: PMC9743385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the directed diastereoselective Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation and vanadium-catalyzed epoxidation reactions of alkenyl cyclopropyl carbinol derivatives. The reaction furnished densely substituted stereodefined bicyclopropanes and cyclopropyl oxiranes as a single diastereomer in each case. The remarkable selectivity is obtained thanks to the rigidity of the cyclopropyl core, allowing diastereoselective reactions on the alkenyl moiety. This emphasizes the uniqueness of the cyclopropyl ring as a central platform in stereoselective synthesis.
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17
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Qiu ZW, Long L, Zhu ZQ, Liu HF, Pan HP, Ma AJ, Peng JB, Wang YH, Gao H, Zhang XZ. Asymmetric Three-Component Reaction to Assemble the Acyclic All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter via Visible Light and Phosphoric Acid Catalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Wang Qiu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Long
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Fu Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China
| | - Han-Peng Pan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China
| | - Ai-Jun Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Heng Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hao Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China
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18
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Zhao Q, Li B, Zhou X, Wang Z, Zhang FL, Li Y, Zhou X, Fu Y, Wang YF. Boryl Radicals Enabled a Three-Step Sequence to Assemble All-Carbon Quaternary Centers from Activated Trichloromethyl Groups. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15275-15285. [PMID: 35950969 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The construction of diversely substituted all-carbon quaternary centers has been a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis. Methods that add three alkyl substituents to a simple C(sp3) atom rely heavily on lengthy multiple processes, which usually involve several preactivation steps. Here, we describe a straightforward three-step sequence that uses a range of readily accessible activated trichloromethyl groups as the carbon source, the three C-Cl bonds of which are selectively functionalized to introduce three alkyl chains. In each step, only a single C-Cl bond was cleaved with the choice of an appropriate Lewis base-boryl radical as the promoter. A vast range of diversely substituted all-carbon quaternary centers could be accessed directly from these activated CCl3 trichloromethyl groups or by simple derivatizations. The use of different alkene traps in each of the three steps enabled facile collections of a large library of products. The utility of this strategy was demonstrated by the synthesis of variants of two drug molecules, whose structures could be easily modulated by varying the alkene partner in each step. The results of kinetic and computational studies enabled the design of the three-step reaction and provided insights into the reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Feng-Lian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanming Li
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoguo Zhou
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yao Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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19
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Brandes DS, Ellman JA. C-H bond activation and sequential addition to two different coupling partners: a versatile approach to molecular complexity. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6738-6756. [PMID: 35822540 PMCID: PMC9364435 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sequential multicomponent C-H bond addition is a powerful approach for the rapid, modular generation of molecular complexity in a single reaction. In this approach, C-H bonds are typically added across π-bonds or π-bond isosteres, followed by subsequent coupling to another type of functionality, thereby forming two σ-bonds in a single reaction sequence. Many sequential C-H bond addition reactions have been developed to date, including additions across both conjugated and isolated π-systems followed by coupling with reactants such as carbonyl compounds, cyanating reagents, aminating reagents, halogenating reagents, oxygenating reagents, and alkylating reagents. These atom-economical reactions transform ubiquitous C-H bonds under mild conditions to more complex structures with a high level of regiochemical and stereochemical control. Surprising connectivities and diverse mechanisms have been elucidated in the development of these reactions. Given the large number of possible combinations of coupling partners, there are enormous opportunities for the discovery of new sequential C-H bond addition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Brandes
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
| | - Jonathan A Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
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20
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Palladium‐catalyzed Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Arylboration of Alkenes. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Siddaraju Y, Sabbatani J, Cohen A, Marek I. Preparation of Distant Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Double Selective Ring-Opening of 1,1-Biscyclopropyl Methanol Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203652. [PMID: 35521738 PMCID: PMC9401570 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The diastereoselective double carbometalation reaction of cyclopropenes provides, in a single-pot operation, two ω-ene-[1,1]-bicyclopropyl ester derivatives. One regioisomer then undergoes a Pd-catalyzed addition of aryl iodide to provide skipped dienes possessing several distant stereocenters including two congested quaternary carbon centers with excellent diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Siddaraju
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion City3200009HaifaIsrael
| | - Juliette Sabbatani
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion City3200009HaifaIsrael
| | - Anthony Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion City3200009HaifaIsrael
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion City3200009HaifaIsrael
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22
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Huang MY, Zhao YT, Zhang CD, Zhu SF. Highly Regio-, Stereo-, and Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed B-H Bond Insertion of α-Silylcarbenes: Efficient Access to Chiral Allylic gem-Silylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203343. [PMID: 35437891 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a method for highly regio-, stereo-, and enantioselective B-H bond insertion reactions of α-silylcarbenes generated from 1-silylcyclopropenes in the presence of a chiral copper(I)/bisoxazoline catalyst for the construction of chiral γ,γ-disubstituted allylic gem-silylboranes, which cannot be prepared by any other known methods. This reaction is the first highly enantioselective carbene insertion reaction of α-silylcarbenes ever to be reported. The method shows general applicability for various 3,3-disubstituted silylcyclopropenes and exclusively affords E-products. The novel chiral γ,γ-disubstituted allylic gem-silylborane products are versatile allylic bimetallic reagents with high stability and have great synthetic potential, especially for the construction of complex molecules with continuous chiral centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yao Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu-Tao Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Cheng-Da Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shou-Fei Zhu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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23
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Machín Rivera R, Burton NR, Call LD, Tomat MA, Lindsay VNG. Synthesis of Highly Congested Tertiary Alcohols via the [3,3] Radical Deconstruction of Breslow Intermediates. Org Lett 2022; 24:4275-4280. [PMID: 35657720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pericyclic processes such as [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements leading to the rapid generation of molecular complexity constitute highly valuable tools in organic synthesis. Herein, we report the formation of particularly hindered tertiary alcohols via rearrangement of Breslow intermediates formed in situ from readily available N-allyl thiazolium salts and benzaldehyde derivatives. Experimental mechanistic studies performed suggest that the reaction proceeds via a close radical pair which recombine in a regio- and diastereoselective manner, formally leading to [3,3]-rearranged products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Machín Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Nikolas R Burton
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Luke D Call
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Marshall A Tomat
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Vincent N G Lindsay
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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24
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Siddaraju Y, Sabbatani J, Cohen A, Marek I. Preparation of Distant Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Double Selective Ring‐Opening of 1,1‐Biscyclopropyl Methanol Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony Cohen
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology Chemistry ISRAEL
| | - Ilan Marek
- Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion City 32000 Haifa ISRAEL
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25
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Huang M, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Zhu S. Highly Regio‐, Stereo‐, and Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed B−H Bond Insertion of α‐Silylcarbenes: Efficient Access to Chiral Allylic
gem
‐Silylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Yao Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu‐Tao Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Cheng‐Da Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shou‐Fei Zhu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192 China
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26
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Cohen A, Kaushansky A, Marek I. Mechanistic Insights on the Selectivity of the Tandem Heck-Ring-Opening of Cyclopropyldiol Derivatives. JACS AU 2022; 2:687-696. [PMID: 35373195 PMCID: PMC8970019 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a new class of alkenyl cyclopropyl diols, easily available through a copper-catalyzed carbometalation reaction of cyclopropenes, has enabled the study of key mechanistic aspects of the tandem Heck-cyclopropane ring-opening reaction. Utilizing these substrates containing two distinct hydroxyl groups allowed us to examine parameters affecting the reaction outcome and selectivity. The combination of these experimental results with detailed DFT studies shed light on the mechanism governing the regio- and stereoselectivity of the cyclopropane ring-opening. A thorough investigation displayed the dual roles fulfilled by the hydroxyl group during the reaction, which is key to this remarkable transformation. In addition to its mechanistic implication, the reaction granted access to various lactones possessing up to four stereocenters as a single diastereomer, conveniently prepared in only two catalytic steps from easily accessible achiral cyclopropenes.
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27
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Modak A, Alegre-Requena JV, de Lescure L, Rynders KJ, Paton RS, Race NJ. Homologation of Electron-Rich Benzyl Bromide Derivatives via Diazo C-C Bond Insertion. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:86-92. [PMID: 34898193 PMCID: PMC8755606 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate C-C bonds for selective chemical transformations is challenging and represents a growing area of research. Here, we report a formal insertion of diazo compounds into the "unactivated" C-C bond of benzyl bromide derivatives catalyzed by a simple Lewis acid. The homologation reaction proceeds via the intermediacy of a phenonium ion, and the products contain benzylic quaternary centers and an alkyl bromide amenable to further derivatization. Computational analysis provides critical insight into the reaction mechanism, in particular the key selectivity-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Modak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Juan V Alegre-Requena
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Louis de Lescure
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Kathryn J Rynders
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Robert S Paton
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Nicholas J Race
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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28
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Tong Z, Peng X, Tang Z, Yang W, Deng W, Yin SF, Kambe N, Qiu R. DTBP-mediated cross-dehydrogenative coupling of 3-aryl benzofuran-2(3 H)-ones with toluenes/phenols for all-carbon quaternary centers. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35215-35220. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06231c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a transition-metal free protocol for efficient cross-dehydrogenative coupling of 3-aryl benzofuran-2(3H)-ones and toluenes/phenols using DTBP as an oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xinju Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Nobuaki Kambe
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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29
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Zhang WB, Chen G, Shi SL. Enantioselective Ni/N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Redox-Economical Coupling of Aldehydes, Alkynes, and Enones for Rapid Construction of Acyclic All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:130-136. [PMID: 34941237 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters exist widely in natural products and bioactive molecules, but their enantioselective construction remains a prominent challenge. In particular, multicomponent enantioselective couplings of simple precursors to acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters are very rare. We describe herein an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-Ni catalyzed redox-economical three-component reaction of aldehydes, alkynes, and enones that proceeds in a highly chemo-, regio-, and enantioselective manner. A wide variety of valuable acyclic α-quaternary chiral ketones were synthesized in a single step with 100% atom economy. This reaction proceeds through the formation of a transient cyclic enolate followed by an aldol reaction/ring-opening sequence. The strategy is expected to inspire new and efficient approaches to generate other acyclic quaternary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Liang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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30
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Nicholls LDM, Wennemers H. Synergistic Peptide and Gold Catalysis: Enantioselective Addition of Branched Aldehydes to Allenamides. Chemistry 2021; 27:17559-17564. [PMID: 34496089 PMCID: PMC9293318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The combination of a peptide catalyst and a gold catalyst is presented for enantioselective addition reactions between branched aldehydes and allenamides. The two catalysts act in concert to provide γ,δ-enamide aldehydes bearing a fully substituted, benzylic stereogenic center - a structural motif common in many natural products and therapeutically active compounds - with good yields and enantioselectivities. The reaction tolerates a variety of alkyl and alkoxy substituted aldehydes and the products can be elaborated into several chiral building blocks bearing either 1,4- or 1,5- functional group relationships. Mechanistic studies showed that the conformational features of the peptide are important for both the catalytic efficiency and stereochemistry, while a balance of acid/base additives is key for ensuring formation of the desired product over undesired side reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo D. M. Nicholls
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 38093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 38093ZürichSwitzerland
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31
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Shen C, Cheng X, Wei L, Wang RQ, Wang CJ. Stereodivergent synthesis via iridium-catalyzed asymmetric double allylic alkylation of cyanoacetate. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15882-15891. [PMID: 35024112 PMCID: PMC8672708 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods that enable the rapid construction of multiple C–C bonds using a single catalyst with high diastereo- and enantio-control are particularly valuable in organic synthesis. Here, we report an Ir-catalyzed double allylic alkylation reaction in which bisnucleophilic cyanoacetate reacted successionally with electrophilic π-allyl-Ir species, producing various pseudo-C2-symmetrical cyanoacetate derivatives in high yield with excellent stereocontrol. More challenging sequential allylic alkylation/allylic alkylation with two distinct allylic carbonates that can deliver the corresponding products bearing three contiguous tertiary–quaternary–tertiary stereocenters was also developed by using a modified catalytic system, which is revealed to be associated with the quasi-dynamic kinetic resolution of the initially formed diastereomeric monoallylation intermediates. Notably, stereodivergence for this sequential process depending on a single iridium catalyst was successfully realized, and up to six stereoisomers could be predictably prepared by combining the appropriate enantiomer of the chiral ligand for the iridium catalyst and adjusting the adding sequence of two distinct allylic precursors. Ir-catalyzed asymmetric double AAA reaction of cyanoacetate was developed, affording cyanoacetate derivatives in high yield with excellent stereocontrol. Notably, quasi-DKR is involved in the sequential protocol with two distinct allylic carbonates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Liang Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Ruo-Qing Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 230021 China
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32
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Okuno K, Hiraki M, Chan B, Shirakawa S. Non-Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution and Desymmetrization of α-Quaternary Carboxylic Acids via Chiral Bifunctional Sulfide-Catalyzed Bromolactonization. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Okuno
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mana Hiraki
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Seiji Shirakawa
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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33
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Blieck R, Lemouzy S, van der Lee A, Taillefer M, Monnier F. Synergistic Copper/Enamine Catalysis for the Regio-, Stereo-, and Enantioselective Intermolecular α-Addition of Aldehydes to Allenamides. Org Lett 2021; 23:9199-9203. [PMID: 34780198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We herein describe an intermolecular enantioselective α-addition of aldehydes to allenamides using a dual copper/enamine catalytic system. Highly enantioselective addition of aldehydes was obtained thanks to secondary amine catalysts. The process was found to be highly regio-, stereo-, and enantioselective under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Blieck
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Lemouzy
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Arie van der Lee
- IEM Université Montpellier 2 Case courrier 047 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Taillefer
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Florian Monnier
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France.,IUF Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
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34
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Wang J, He F, Yang X. Asymmetric construction of acyclic quaternary stereocenters via direct enantioselective additions of α-alkynyl ketones to allenamides. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6700. [PMID: 34795297 PMCID: PMC8602376 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyclic quaternary stereocenters are widely present in a series of biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals. However, development of highly efficient asymmetric catalytic methods for the construction of these privileged motifs represents a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis. Herein, an efficient chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed direct asymmetric addition of α-alkynyl acyclic ketones with allenamides has been developed, furnishing the acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters with excellent regioselectivities and high enantioselectivities. Extensive and detailed experimental mechanistic studies were performed to investigate the mechanism of this reaction. Despite a novel covalent allyl phosphate intermediate was found in these reactions, further studies indicated that a SN2-type mechanism with the ketone nucleophiles is not very possible. Instead, a more plausible mechanism involving the elimination of the allyl phosphate to give the α,β-unsaturated iminium intermediate, which underwent the asymmetric conjugate addition with the enol form of ketone nucleophiles under chiral anion catalysis, was proposed. In virtue of the fruitful functional groups bearing in the chiral products, the diverse derivatizations of the chiral products provided access to a wide array of chiral scaffolds with quaternary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Faqian He
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
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35
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Hiraki M, Okuno K, Nishiyori R, Noser AA, Shirakawa S. Efficient asymmetric syntheses of α-quaternary lactones and esters through chiral bifunctional sulfide-catalyzed desymmetrizing bromolactonization of α,α-diallyl carboxylic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10907-10910. [PMID: 34590630 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03874e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric halolactonizations are powerful methods for the syntheses of chiral lactones. Catalytic and highly enantioselective halolactonizations of α-allyl carboxylic acids, however, continue to present a formidable challenge. Herein, we report the chiral bifunctional sulfide-catalyzed desymmetrizing bromolactonizations of α,α-diallyl carboxylic acids. These reactions efficiently produced chiral α-quaternary lactones and esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Hiraki
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Ken Okuno
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Ryuichi Nishiyori
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Ahmed A Noser
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Seiji Shirakawa
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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36
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Zhu Y, Wang H, Wang G, Wang Z, Liu Z, Liu L. Enantioselective Construction of Single and Vicinal All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters through Ion-Pair-Catalyzed 1,6-Conjugate Addition. Org Lett 2021; 23:7248-7253. [PMID: 34460272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric 1,6-conjugate addition to presynthesized δ-aryl-δ-cyano-disubstituted para-quinone methides through bifunctional phosphonium-amide-promoted ion-pair catalysis for acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenter construction has been described. Both acyclic and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyls participate in the asymmetric alkylation reaction, furnishing a wide array of diarylmethanes bearing a single acyclic quaternary carbon stereocenter or vicinal cyclic and acyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters with high efficiency and excellent stereoselectivity. Computational studies elucidate the origin of the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasheng Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhaopeng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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37
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Niki A, Ozeki M, Kuse A, Nakagawa S, Aoki S, Shigeta T, Kajimoto T, Iwasaki H, Kojima N, Arimitsu K, Hosoi S, Node M, Yamashita M, Kawasaki I. Construction of Acyclic All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter Based on Asymmetric Michael Addition of Chiral Amine. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:926-930. [PMID: 34470957 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acyclic asymmetric quaternary stereocenters, which are composed of four carbon-carbon bonds, were finely constructed by utilizing a face-selective alkylation of enolate intermediates derived from an asymmetric Michael addition reaction of a chiral lithium amide with trisubstituted (E)-α,β-unsaturated esters. The present face-selective alkylation was able to employ diverse alkyl halides as an electrophile to afford various Michael adducts having an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. With regard to the deprotection of the chiral auxiliary, N-iodosuccinimide used in our previous study did not work in the present cases; however, we found that pyridine iodine monochloride in the presence of H2O was effective to remove the bornyl group and the benzyl group on the amino group to provide the β-amino ester derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Niki
- Department of Medicinal and Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Minoru Ozeki
- Department of Medicinal and Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Akiko Kuse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Shiho Nakagawa
- Department of Medicinal and Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Shui Aoki
- Department of Medicinal and Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Takashi Shigeta
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Tetsuya Kajimoto
- Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University
| | - Hiroki Iwasaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Naoto Kojima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Kenji Arimitsu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Shinzo Hosoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Manabu Node
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Masayuki Yamashita
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ikuo Kawasaki
- Department of Medicinal and Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
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38
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Abstract
The asymmetric alkylation of enolates is a particularly versatile method for the construction of α-stereogenic carbonyl motifs, which are ubiquitous in synthetic chemistry. Over the past several decades, the focus has shifted to the development of new catalytic methods that depart from classical stoichiometric stereoinduction strategies (e.g., chiral auxiliaries, chiral alkali metal amide bases, chiral electrophiles, etc.). In this way, the enantioselective alkylation of prochiral enolates greatly improves the step- and redox-economy of this process, in addition to enhancing the scope and selectivity of these reactions. In this review, we summarize the origin and advancement of catalytic enantioselective enolate alkylation methods, with a directed emphasis on the union of prochiral nucleophiles with carbon-centered electrophiles for the construction of α-stereogenic carbonyl derivatives. Hence, the transformative developments for each distinct class of nucleophile (e.g., ketone enolates, ester enolates, amide enolates, etc.) are presented in a modular format to highlight the state-of-the-art methods and current limitations in each area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy B Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Andrew Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, P. R. of China
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39
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Liu M, Wang X, Guo Z, Li H, Huang W, Xu H, Dai HX. Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Acyl-Carbamoylation of an Alkene to Construct an α-Quaternary Chiral Cycloketone. Org Lett 2021; 23:6299-6304. [PMID: 34350756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric acyl-carbamoylation of an alkene by employing thioesters as the acyl electrophiles and t-BuNC as the carbamoyl reagent, affording an α-quaternary chiral cycloketone in synthetically useful yields with excellent enantioselectivity. The reaction proceeded via asymmetric 1,2-migratory insertions of acyl-Pd into alkenes and subsequent migratory insertion of isocyanides into C(sp3)-PdII. The product could be diversified to some valuable skeletons with retention of enantiopurity, demonstrating the synthetic utility of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziqiong Guo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanyuan Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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40
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Röser K, Berger B, Widhalm M, Waser M. Enantioselective Synthesis of Acyclic Orthogonally Functionalized Compounds Bearing a Quaternary Stereocenter Using Chiral Ammonium Salt Catalysis. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:756-759. [PMID: 34351087 PMCID: PMC8340069 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report an asymmetric protocol to access a series of orthogonally functionalized acyclic chiral target molecules containing a quaternary stereogenic center by carrying out the enantioselective α-alkylation of novel orthogonally functionalized dioxolane-containing cyanoacetates under chiral ammonium salt catalysis. By using just 1 mol % of Maruoka's spirocyclic ammonium salt catalysts enantioselectivities up to e.r.=97.5 : 2.5 could be achieved and further functional group manipulations of the products were carried out as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Röser
- Johannes Kepler University LinzInstitute of Organic ChemistryAltenbergerstraße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Bettina Berger
- University of ViennaInstitute of Chemical CatalysisWähringer Strasse 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Michael Widhalm
- University of ViennaInstitute of Chemical CatalysisWähringer Strasse 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Mario Waser
- Johannes Kepler University LinzInstitute of Organic ChemistryAltenbergerstraße 694040LinzAustria
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41
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Chen KW, Wang DD, Liu SJ, Wang X, Zhang YC, Tian YM, Wu Q, Shi F. Application of 3-Alkyl-2-vinylindoles in Catalytic Asymmetric Dearomative (2+3) Cycloadditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10427-10439. [PMID: 34313431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first application of 3-alkyl-2-vinylindoles in catalytic asymmetric dearomative cycloadditions was established by chiral phosphoric acid (CPA)-catalyzed (2+3) cycloaddition with azoalkenes, leading to the generation of chiral pyrroloindolines bearing two tetrasubstituted stereogenic centers in good yields (61-96%) and excellent stereoselectivities (all >95:5 dr, 86-99% ee). This reaction has realized the first enantioselective dearomative cycloaddition of 3-alkyl-2-vinylindoles, which brings a new reactivity to this class of vinylindoles and will enrich the chemistry of 3-alkyl-2-vinylindoles. In addition, this approach has provided a useful strategy for the construction of enantioenriched pyrroloindoline skeletons bearing two tetrasubstituted stereogenic centers. More importantly, the bioassay of these chiral pyrroloindolines has revealed that some compounds exhibit strong anti-cancer activity against Hela and MCF-7 cell lines, which will be helpful for discovering anti-cancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Geriatric, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Si-Jia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yi-Ming Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Geriatric, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
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42
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Liu X, Zhao C, Zhu R, Liu L. Construction of Vicinal Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters Through Diastereo- and Enantioselective Oxidative 1,6-Conjugate Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18499-18503. [PMID: 34278672 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric construction of vicinal quaternary carbon stereocenters with at least one moiety in acyclic systems is a formidable challenge. We disclose a solution involving diastereo- and enantioselective oxidative 1,6-conjugate addition. The practical asymmetric cross-dehydrogenative coupling of 2,2-diarylacetonitriles and diverse α-substituted cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyls proceeds, for vicinal quaternary carbon stereocenters with one center in acyclic systems, in excellent yields and stereoselectivities. The generality of the approach is further demonstrated by the stereoselective creation of vicinal quaternary carbon stereocenters with both centers in acyclic systems using acyclic β-ketoesters as coupling partners. Computational studies elucidate the origins of both diastereo- and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xigong Liu
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Changyin Zhao
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Rongxiu Zhu
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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43
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Liu X, Zhao C, Zhu R, Liu L. Construction of Vicinal Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters Through Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Oxidative 1,6‐Conjugate Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xigong Liu
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Changyin Zhao
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Rongxiu Zhu
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
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44
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Pan Z, Li W, Zhu S, Liu F, Wu H, Zhang J. Palladium/TY‐Phos‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Intermolecular α‐Arylation of Aldehydes with Aryl Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjin Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Hai‐Hong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
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45
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Palladium/TY‐Phos‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Intermolecular α‐Arylation of Aldehydes with Aryl Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18542-18546. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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46
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Xue S, Lücht A, Benet-Buchholz J, Kleij AW. Pd/Cu Dual-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Functional All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters from Vinyl Carbonates. Chemistry 2021; 27:10107-10114. [PMID: 33955608 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The challenging metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of highly functional quaternary carbon centers using decarboxylative C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) bond formation reactions is reported. The key substrate, a vinyl cyclic carbonate, is activated to provide concomitantly both the requisite nucleophile (by formal umpolung) and electrophile reaction partner preceding the asymmetric cross-coupling process. A wide screening of reaction conditions, additives and catalyst precursors afforded a protocol that gave access to a series of compounds featuring densely functionalized, elusive quaternary carbon stereocenters in appreciable yield and with enantiomeric ratios (er's) of up to 90 : 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Xue
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 -, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alexander Lücht
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 -, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 -, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 -, Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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47
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Alachouzos G, Frontier AJ. Cyclization Strategies for the Concurrent Installation of Multiple Quaternary Stereogenic Centers. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Alachouzos
- Stratingh Institute of Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alison J. Frontier
- Department of Chemistry University of Rochester 414 Hutchison Hall, 100 Trustee Road Rochester New York 14627-0216 United States
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48
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Zhang SL, Zhang WW, Li BJ. Ir-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroalkynylation of Trisubstituted Alkene to Access All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9639-9647. [PMID: 34152752 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The stereoselective construction of all-carbon quaternary stereocenters, especially acyclic ones, represents an important challenge in organic synthesis. In particular, homopropargyl amides with a quaternary stereocenter β to a nitrogen atom are valuable synthetic intermediates, which could be transformed to diverse chiral structures through alkyne transformations. However, highly enantioselective synthetic methods for homopropargyl amides with a β quaternary stereocenter are extremely rare. We report here unprecedented substrate-directed, iridium-catalyzed enantioselective hydroalkynylations of trisubstituted alkenes to form an acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenter β to a nitrogen atom. The hydroalkynylation of enamide occurred with unconventional selectivity, favoring the more hindered reaction site. Homopropargyl amides with β-stereocenters were prepared in high regio- and enantioselectivities. Combined experimental and computational studies revealed the origin of the regio- and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Lei Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bi-Jie Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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49
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Xue S, Limburg B, Ghorai D, Benet-Buchholz J, Kleij AW. Asymmetric Synthesis of Homoallylic Alcohols Featuring Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Carbon Centers via Dual Pd/Photoredox Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:4447-4451. [PMID: 34014097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dual palladium/photoredox-catalysis provides an effective method for the decarboxylative asymmetric synthesis of vicinal α,β-tri/tetra- or α,β-tetrasubstituted homoallylic alcohols using Hantzsch-type esters as radical precursors. This mild methodology capitalizes on vinyl cyclic carbonates as accessible reagents providing the target molecules in appreciable to good yields, high branch selectivity, and enantiomeric ratios of up to 94:6, making it a rare example of using prochiral electrophiles for the creation of vicinal congested carbon centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Xue
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bart Limburg
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Debasish Ghorai
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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50
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Wang PY, Massad I, Marek I. Stereoselective Sc(OTf) 3 -Catalyzed Aldol Reactions of Disubstituted Silyl Enol Ethers of Aldehydes with Acetals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12765-12769. [PMID: 33779017 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Facile and modular access to stereodefined disubstituted aldehyde-derived silyl enol ethers allowed their successful application in a stereoselective aldol reaction affording the products with excellent yields and diastereomeric ratios. The counter-intuitive stereochemical behavior of this Mukaiyama-aldol reaction is accounted for by a non-classical open transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter-Yong Wang
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Itai Massad
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
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