1
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Basu A, Clary MR, Tracy JB, Hall CK, Velev OD. Spatially Confined Assembly and Immobilization of Hierarchical Nanoparticle Architectures inside Microdroplets in Magnetic Fields. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39008647 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic field-directed colloidal interactions offer facile tools for assembly of structures that range from linear chains to multidimensional hierarchical architectures. While the field-driven assembly of colloidal particles has commonly been investigated in unbounded media, a knowledge gap remains concerning such assembly in confined microenvironments. Here, we investigate how confinement of ferromagnetic nanoparticles in microspheres directs their magnetic assembly into hierarchical architectures. Microdroplets from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) liquid precursor containing dispersed iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were placed in a static magnetic field leading to the formation of organized assemblies inside the host droplets. By changing the MNP concentrations, we revealed a sequence of microstructures inside the droplets, ranging from linear chains at a low MNP loading, transitioning to a combination of chains and networked bundles, to solely 3D bundles at high MNP loading. These experimental results were analyzed with the aid of COMSOL simulations where we calculated the potential energy to identify the preferred assembly conformations. The chains at high MNP loading minimized their energy by aggregating laterally to form bundles with their MNP dipoles being out-of-registry. We cured these PDMS droplets to immobilize the assemblies by forming soft microbeads. These microbeads constitute an "interaction toolbox" with different magnetic macroscale responses, which are governed by the structuring of the MNPs and their magnetic polarizability. We show that thanks to their ability to rotate by field-induced torque under a rotating field, these microbeads can be employed in applications such as optical modulators and microrollers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirup Basu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Matthew R Clary
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Joseph B Tracy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Carol K Hall
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Orlin D Velev
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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2
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Xu YT, Ackroyd AJ, Momeni A, Oudah M, MacLachlan MJ. Magnetic field-responsive graphene oxide photonic liquids. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:317-323. [PMID: 38196394 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00412k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Modifying the environment around particles (e.g., introducing a secondary phase or external field) can affect the way they interact and assemble, thereby giving control over the physical properties of a dynamic system. Here, graphene oxide (GO) photonic liquids that respond to a magnetic field are demonstrated for the first time. Magnetic nanoparticles are used to provide a continuous magnetizable liquid environment around the GO liquid crystalline domains. In response to a magnetic field, the alignment of magnetic nanoparticles, coupled with the diamagnetic property of GO nanosheets, drives the reorientation and alignment of the nanosheets, enabling switchable photonic properties using a permanent magnet. This phenomenon is anticipated to be extendable to other relevant photonic systems of shape-anisotropic nanoparticles and may open up opportunities for developing GO-based optical materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Amanda J Ackroyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Arash Momeni
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Mohamed Oudah
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Mark J MacLachlan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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3
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Nedylakova M, Medinger J, Mirabello G, Lattuada M. Iron oxide magnetic aggregates: Aspects of synthesis, computational approaches and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 323:103056. [PMID: 38056225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles have been central to numerous investigations in the past few decades for their use in many applications, such as drug delivery, medical diagnostics, magnetic separation, and material science. However, the properties of single magnetic nanoparticles are sometimes not sufficient to accomplish tasks where a strong magnetic response is required. In light of this, aggregated magnetite nanoparticles have been proposed as an alternative advanced material, which may expand and combine some of the advantages of single magnetic nanoparticles, including superparamagnetism, with an enhanced magnetic moment and increased colloidal stability. This review comprehensively discusses the current literature on aggregates made of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. This review is divided into three sections. First, the current synthetic strategies for magnetite nanoparticle aggregates are discussed, together with the influence of different stabilizers on the primary crystals and the final aggregate size and morphology. The second section is dedicated to computational approaches, such as density functional methods (which permit accurate predictions of electronic and magnetic properties and shed light on the behavior of surfactant molecules on iron oxide surfaces) and molecular dynamics simulations (which provide additional insight into the influence of ligands on the surface chemistry of iron oxide nanocrystals). The last section discusses current and possible future applications of iron oxide magnetic aggregates, including wastewater treatment, water purification, medical applications, and magnetic aggregates for materials displaying structural colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Nedylakova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Joelle Medinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Mirabello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland.
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4
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Hema K, Grommet AB, Białek MJ, Wang J, Schneider L, Drechsler C, Yanshyna O, Diskin-Posner Y, Clever GH, Klajn R. Guest Encapsulation Alters the Thermodynamic Landscape of a Coordination Host. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145. [PMID: 37917939 PMCID: PMC10655118 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The architecture of self-assembled host molecules can profoundly affect the properties of the encapsulated guests. For example, a rigid cage with small windows can efficiently protect its contents from the environment; in contrast, tube-shaped, flexible hosts with large openings and an easily accessible cavity are ideally suited for catalysis. Here, we report a "Janus" nature of a Pd6L4 coordination host previously reported to exist exclusively as a tube isomer (T). We show that upon encapsulating various tetrahedrally shaped guests, T can reconfigure into a cage-shaped host (C) in quantitative yield. Extracting the guest affords empty C, which is metastable and spontaneously relaxes to T, and the T⇄C interconversion can be repeated for multiple cycles. Reversible toggling between two vastly different isomers paves the way toward controlling functional properties of coordination hosts "on demand".
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntrapakam Hema
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Angela B. Grommet
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michał J. Białek
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Laura Schneider
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund
University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Drechsler
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund
University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Oksana Yanshyna
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Chemical
Research Support, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund
University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rafal Klajn
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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5
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Hu Y, Yu S, Wei B, Yang D, Ma D, Huang S. Stimulus-responsive nonclose-packed photonic crystals: fabrications and applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:3895-3928. [PMID: 37448235 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00877k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive photonic crystals (PCs) possessing unconventional nonclosely packed structures have received growing attention due to their unique capability of mimicking the active structural colors of natural organisms (for example, chameleons' mechanochromic properties). However, there is rarely any systematic review regarding the progress of nonclose-packed photonic crystals (NPCs), involving their fabrication, working mechanisms, and applications. Herein, a comprehensive review of the fundamental principles and practical fabrication strategies of one/two/three-dimensional NPCs is summarized from the perspective of designing nonclose-packed structures. Subsequently, responsive NPCs with exciting functions and working mechanisms are sorted and delineated according to their diverse responses to physical (force, temperature, magnetic, and electric fields), chemical (ions, pH, vapors, and solvents), and biological (glucose, organophosphate, creatinine, and bacteria) stimuli. We then systematically introduced and discussed the applications of NPCs in sensors, printing, anticounterfeiting, display, optical devices, etc. Finally, the current challenges and development prospects for NPCs are presented. This review not only concludes the design principle for NPCs but also provides a significant basis for the exploration of next-generation NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Siyi Yu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Boru Wei
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Dongpeng Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Dekun Ma
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Shaoming Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
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6
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Neal CAP, Kresge GV, Quan MC, León V, Chibambo NO, Calabrese MA. Effect of nanoparticle loading and magnetic field application on the thermodynamic, optical, and rheological behavior of thermoresponsive polymer solutions. JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 29:795-812. [PMID: 37546292 PMCID: PMC10403256 DOI: 10.1002/vnl.21968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Although processing via external stimuli is a promising technique to tune the structure and properties of polymeric materials, the impact of magnetic fields on phase transitions in thermoresponsive polymer solutions is not well-understood. As nanoparticle (NP) addition is also known to impact these thermodynamic and optical properties, synergistic effects from combining magnetic fields with NP incorporation provide a novel route for tuning material properties. Here, the thermodynamic, optical, and rheological properties of aqueous poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions are examined in the presence of hydrophilic silica NPs and magnetic fields, individually and jointly, via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), magneto-turbidimetry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and magneto-rheology. While NPs and magnetic fields both reduce the phase separation energy barrier and lower optical transition temperatures by altering hydrogen bonding (H-bonding), infrared spectra demonstrate that the mechanism by which these changes occur is distinct. Magnetic fields primarily alter solvent polarization while NPs provide PNIPAM-NP H-bonding sites. Combining NP addition with field application uniquely alters the solution environment and results in field-dependent rheological behavior that is unseen in polymer-only solutions. These investigations provide fundamental understanding on the interplay of magnetic fields and NP addition on PNIPAM thermoresponsivity which can be harnessed for increasingly complex stimuli-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. P. Neal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Grace V. Kresge
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michelle C. Quan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Valeria León
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nondumiso O. Chibambo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michelle A. Calabrese
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, United States of America
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7
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Chen H, Li N, Gu Z, Gu H, Wang J. Magnetic photonic crystals for biomedical applications. SMART MEDICINE 2023; 2:e20220039. [PMID: 39188282 PMCID: PMC11235834 DOI: 10.1002/smmd.20220039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic photonic crystals (PhCs), as a representative responsive structural color material, have attracted increasing research focus due to merits such as brilliant refraction colors, instant responsiveness, and excellent manipuility, thus having been widely applied for color displaying, three-dimensional printing, sensing, and so on. Featured with traits such as contactless manner, flexible orientations, and adjustable intensity of external magnetism, magnetic PhCs have shown great superiority especially in the field of biomedical applications such as bioimaging and auxiliary clinical diagnosis. In this review, we summarize the current advancements of magnetic PhCs. We first introduce the fundamental principles and typical characteristics of PhCs. Afterward, we present several typical self-assembly strategies with their frontiers in practical applications. Finally, we analyze the current situations of magnetic PhCs and put forward the prospective challenges and future development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhuxiao Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hongcheng Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
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8
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Yadav AS, Tran DT, Teo AJT, Dai Y, Galogahi FM, Ooi CH, Nguyen NT. Core-Shell Particles: From Fabrication Methods to Diverse Manipulation Techniques. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:497. [PMID: 36984904 PMCID: PMC10054063 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell particles are micro- or nanoparticles with solid, liquid, or gas cores encapsulated by protective solid shells. The unique composition of core and shell materials imparts smart properties on the particles. Core-shell particles are gaining increasing attention as tuneable and versatile carriers for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications including targeted drug delivery, controlled drug release, and biosensing. This review provides an overview of fabrication methods for core-shell particles followed by a brief discussion of their application and a detailed analysis of their manipulation including assembly, sorting, and triggered release. We compile current methodologies employed for manipulation of core-shell particles and demonstrate how existing methods of assembly and sorting micro/nanospheres can be adopted or modified for core-shell particles. Various triggered release approaches for diagnostics and drug delivery are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Singh Yadav
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Du Tuan Tran
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Adrian J. T. Teo
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637460, Singapore
| | - Yuchen Dai
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Fariba Malekpour Galogahi
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Chin Hong Ooi
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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9
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Wang H, Li H, Gu P, Huang C, Chen S, Hu C, Lee E, Xu J, Zhu J. Electric, magnetic, and shear field-directed assembly of inorganic nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:2018-2035. [PMID: 36648016 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05821a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ordered assemblies of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have shown tremendous potential for wide applications due to their unique collective properties, which differ from those of individual NPs. Various assembly methods, such as external field-directed assembly, interfacial assembly, template assembly, biomolecular recognition-mediated assembly, confined assembly, and others, have been employed to generate ordered inorganic NP assemblies with hierarchical structures. Among them, the external field-directed assembly method is particularly fascinating, as it can remotely assemble NPs into well-ordered superstructures. Moreover, external fields (e.g., electric, magnetic, and shear fields) can introduce a local and/or global field intensity gradient, resulting in an additional force on NPs to drive their rotation and/or translation. Therefore, the external field-directed assembly of NPs becomes a robust method to fabricate well-defined functional materials with the desired optical, electronic, and magnetic properties, which have various applications in catalysis, sensing, disease diagnosis, energy conversion/storage, photonics, nano-floating-gate memory, and others. In this review, the effects of an electric field, magnetic field, and shear field on the organization of inorganic NPs are highlighted. The methods for controlling the well-ordered organization of inorganic NPs at different scales and their advantages are reviewed. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Pan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Caili Huang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Senbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Chenglong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
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10
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Liang J, Al Balushi ZY. Light-Induced Surface Tension Gradients for Hierarchical Assembly of Particles from Liquid Metals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:10182-10192. [PMID: 36728152 PMCID: PMC9951180 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Achieving control over the motion of dissolved particles in liquid metals is of importance for the meticulous realization of hierarchical particle assemblies in a variety of nanofabrication processes. Brownian forces can impede the motion of such particles, impacting the degree of perfection that can be realized in assembled structures. Here, we show that light-induced Marangoni flow in liquid metals (i.e., liquid-gallium) with Laguerre-Gaussian (LGpl) lasers as heating sources is an effective approach to overcome Brownian forces on particles, giving rise to predictable assemblies with a high degree of order. We show that by carefully engineering surface tension gradients in liquid-gallium using non-Gaussian LGpl lasers, the Marangoni and convective flow that develops in the fluid drives the trajectory of randomly dispersed particles to assemble into 100 μm wide ring-shaped particle assemblies. Careful control over the parameters of the LGpl laser (i.e., laser mode, spot size, and intensity of the electric field) can tune the temperature and fluid dynamics of the liquid-gallium as well as the balance of forces on the particle. This in turn can tune the structure of the ring-shaped particle assembly with a high degree of fidelity. The use of light to control the motion of particles in liquid metals represents a tunable and rapidly reconfigurable approach to spatially design surface tension gradients in fluids for more complex assembly of particles and small-scale solutes. This work can be extended to a variety of liquid metals, complementary to what has been realized in particle assembly out of ferrofluids using magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Liang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Zakaria Y. Al Balushi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
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11
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Neal CAP, León V, Quan MC, Chibambo NO, Calabrese MA. Tuning the thermodynamic, optical, and rheological properties of thermoresponsive polymer solutions via silica nanoparticle shape and concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 629:878-895. [PMID: 36202031 PMCID: PMC10593120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The shape and quantity of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles (NPs) can be used to tune the microstructure, rheology, and stability of phase-separating polymer solutions. In thermoresponsive polymer systems, silica nanospheres are well-studied whereas anisotropic NPs have little literature precedent. Here, we hypothesize that NP shape and concentration lower the onset of rheological and turbidimetric transitions of aqueous poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions. EXPERIMENTS Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), turbidimetry, and oscillatory rheology are utilized to examine interactions between NPs, PNIPAM, and water and to track changes in phase separation and rheological properties due to NP concentration and shape. FINDINGS NP addition reduces phase separation enthalpy due to PNIPAM-NP hydrogen bonding interactions, the degree to which depends on polymer content. While NP addition minorly impacts thermodynamic and optical properties, rheological transitions and associated rheological properties are dramatically altered with increasing temperature, and depend on NP quantity, shape, and polymer molecular weight. Thus NP content and shape can be used to finely tune transition temperatures and mechanical properties for applications in stimuli-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A P Neal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Valeria León
- Mechanical Engineering Department, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, United States
| | - Michelle C Quan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Nondumiso O Chibambo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Michelle A Calabrese
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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12
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Philip J. Magnetic nanofluids (Ferrofluids): Recent advances, applications, challenges, and future directions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 311:102810. [PMID: 36417827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Impelled by the need to find solutions to new challenges of modern technologies new materials with unique properties are being explored. Among various new materials that emerged over the decades, magnetic fluids exhibiting interesting physiochemical properties (optical, thermal, magnetic, rheological, apparent density, etc.) under a magnetic stimulus have been at the forefront of research. In the initial phase, there has been a fervent scientific curiosity to understand the field-induced intriguing properties of such fluids but later a plethora of technological applications emerged. Magnetic nanofluid, popularly known as ferrofluid, is a colloidal suspension of fine magnetic nanoparticles, has been at the forefront of research because of its magnetically tunable physicochemical properties and applications. Due to their stimuli-responsive behaviour, they have been finding more applications in biology and other engineering disciplines in recent years. Therefore, a critical review of this topic highlighting the necessary background, the potential of this material for emerging technologies, and the latest developments is warranted. This review also provides a summary of various applications, along with the key challenges and future research directions. The first part of the review addresses the different types of magnetic fluids, the genesis of magnetic fluids, their synthesis methodologies, properties, and stabilization techniques are discussed in detail. The second part of the review highlights the applications of magnetic nanofluids and nanoemulsions (as model systems) in probing order-disorder transitions, scattering, diffraction, magnetically reconfigurable internal structures, molecular interaction, and weak forces between colloidal particles, conformational changes of macromolecules at interfaces and polymer-surfactant complexation at the oil-water interface. The last part of the review summarizes the interesting applications of magnetic fluids such as heat transfer, sensors (temperature, pH, urea detection, cations, defect detection sensors), tunable optical filters, removal of dyes, dynamic seals, magnetic hyperthermia-based cancer therapy and other biomedical applications. The applications of magnetic nanofluids in diverse disciplines are growing day by day, yet there are challenges in their practical adaptation as field-worthy or packaged products. This review provides a pedagogical description of magnetic fluids, with the necessary background, key concepts, physics, experimental protocols, design of experiments, challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Philip
- Smart Materials Section, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India.
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13
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Chai Z, Childress A, Busnaina AA. Directed Assembly of Nanomaterials for Making Nanoscale Devices and Structures: Mechanisms and Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17641-17686. [PMID: 36269234 PMCID: PMC9706815 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanofabrication has been utilized to manufacture one-, two-, and three-dimensional functional nanostructures for applications such as electronics, sensors, and photonic devices. Although conventional silicon-based nanofabrication (top-down approach) has developed into a technique with extremely high precision and integration density, nanofabrication based on directed assembly (bottom-up approach) is attracting more interest recently owing to its low cost and the advantages of additive manufacturing. Directed assembly is a process that utilizes external fields to directly interact with nanoelements (nanoparticles, 2D nanomaterials, nanotubes, nanowires, etc.) and drive the nanoelements to site-selectively assemble in patterned areas on substrates to form functional structures. Directed assembly processes can be divided into four different categories depending on the external fields: electric field-directed assembly, fluidic flow-directed assembly, magnetic field-directed assembly, and optical field-directed assembly. In this review, we summarize recent progress utilizing these four processes and address how these directed assembly processes harness the external fields, the underlying mechanism of how the external fields interact with the nanoelements, and the advantages and drawbacks of utilizing each method. Finally, we discuss applications made using directed assembly and provide a perspective on the future developments and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Chai
- State
Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- NSF
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for High-Rate Nanomanufacturing
(CHN), Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Anthony Childress
- NSF
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for High-Rate Nanomanufacturing
(CHN), Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Ahmed A. Busnaina
- NSF
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for High-Rate Nanomanufacturing
(CHN), Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
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14
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Gentili D, Ori G. Reversible assembly of nanoparticles: theory, strategies and computational simulations. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14385-14432. [PMID: 36169572 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02640f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The significant advances in synthesis and functionalization have enabled the preparation of high-quality nanoparticles that have found a plethora of successful applications. The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles can be manipulated through the control of size, shape, composition, and surface chemistry, but their technological application possibilities can be further expanded by exploiting the properties that emerge from their assembly. The ability to control the assembly of nanoparticles not only is required for many real technological applications, but allows the combination of the intrinsic properties of nanoparticles and opens the way to the exploitation of their complex interplay, giving access to collective properties. Significant advances and knowledge gained over the past few decades on nanoparticle assembly have made it possible to implement a growing number of strategies for reversible assembly of nanoparticles. In addition to being of interest for basic studies, such advances further broaden the range of applications and the possibility of developing innovative devices using nanoparticles. This review focuses on the reversible assembly of nanoparticles and includes the theoretical aspects related to the concept of reversibility, an up-to-date assessment of the experimental approaches applied to this field and the advanced computational schemes that offer key insights into the assembly mechanisms. We aim to provide readers with a comprehensive guide to address the challenges in assembling reversible nanoparticles and promote their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gentili
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Guido Ori
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, Rue du Loess 23, F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
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15
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Grave-to-cradle upcycling of Ni from electroplating wastewater to photothermal CO 2 catalysis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5305. [PMID: 36085305 PMCID: PMC9463155 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating hazardous waste Ni from the electroplating industry is mandated world-wide, is exceptionally expensive, and carries a very high CO2 footprint. Rather than regarding Ni as a disposable waste, the chemicals and petrochemicals industries could instead consider it a huge resource. In the work described herein, we present a strategy for upcycling waste Ni from electroplating wastewater into a photothermal catalyst for converting CO2 to CO. Specifically, magnetic nanoparticles encapsulated in amine functionalized porous SiO2, is demonstrated to efficiently scavenge Ni from electroplating wastewater for utilization in photothermal CO2 catalysis. The core-shell catalyst architecture produces CO at a rate of 1.9 mol·gNi-1·h-1 (44.1 mmol·gcat-1·h-1), a selectivity close to 100%, and notable long-term stability. This strategy of upcycling metal waste into functional, catalytic materials offers a multi-pronged approach for clean and renewable energy technologies.
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16
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Carstensen H, Krämer A, Kapaklis V, Wolff M. Self-assembly and percolation in two dimensional binary magnetic colloids. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6222-6228. [PMID: 35894155 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00661h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We study the self-assembly of branching-chain networks and crystals in a binary colloidal system with tunable interactions. The particle positions are extracted from microscopy images and order parameters are extracted by image processing and statistical analysis. With these, we construct phase diagrams with respect to particle density, ratio and interaction. In order to draw a more complete picture, we complement the experiments with computer simulations. We establish a region in the phase diagram, where bead ratios and interactions are symmetric, promoting percolated structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauke Carstensen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Anne Krämer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Vassilios Kapaklis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Max Wolff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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17
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Fan X, Walther A. 1D Colloidal chains: recent progress from formation to emergent properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4023-4074. [PMID: 35502721 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00112h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Integrating nanoscale building blocks of low dimensionality (0D; i.e., spheres) into higher dimensional structures endows them and their corresponding materials with emergent properties non-existent or only weakly existent in the individual building blocks. Constructing 1D chains, 2D arrays and 3D superlattices using nanoparticles and colloids therefore continues to be one of the grand goals in colloid and nanomaterial science. Amongst these higher order structures, 1D colloidal chains are of particular interest, as they possess unique anisotropic properties. In recent years, the most relevant advances in 1D colloidal chain research have been made in novel synthetic methodologies and applications. In this review, we first address a comprehensive description of the research progress concerning various synthetic strategies developed to construct 1D colloidal chains. Following this, we highlight the amplified and emergent properties of the resulting materials, originating from the assembly of the individual building blocks and their collective behavior, and discuss relevant applications in advanced materials. In the discussion of synthetic strategies, properties, and applications, particular attention will be paid to overarching concepts, fresh trends, and potential areas of future research. We believe that this comprehensive review will be a driver to guide the interdisciplinary field of 1D colloidal chains, where nanomaterial synthesis, self-assembly, physical property studies, and material applications meet, to a higher level, and open up new research opportunities at the interface of classical disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Fan
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Abstract
Colloidal self-assembly refers to a solution-processed assembly of nanometer-/micrometer-sized, well-dispersed particles into secondary structures, whose collective properties are controlled by not only nanoparticle property but also the superstructure symmetry, orientation, phase, and dimension. This combination of characteristics makes colloidal superstructures highly susceptible to remote stimuli or local environmental changes, representing a prominent platform for developing stimuli-responsive materials and smart devices. Chemists are achieving even more delicate control over their active responses to various practical stimuli, setting the stage ready for fully exploiting the potential of this unique set of materials. This review addresses the assembly of colloids into stimuli-responsive or smart nanostructured materials. We first delineate the colloidal self-assembly driven by forces of different length scales. A set of concepts and equations are outlined for controlling the colloidal crystal growth, appreciating the importance of particle connectivity in creating responsive superstructures. We then present working mechanisms and practical strategies for engineering smart colloidal assemblies. The concepts underpinning separation and connectivity control are systematically introduced, allowing active tuning and precise prediction of the colloidal crystal properties in response to external stimuli. Various exciting applications of these unique materials are summarized with a specific focus on the structure-property correlation in smart materials and functional devices. We conclude this review with a summary of existing challenges in colloidal self-assembly of smart materials and provide a perspective on their further advances to the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Qingsong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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19
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Fang Y, Fei W, Shen X, Guo J, Wang C. Magneto-sensitive photonic crystal ink for quick printing of smart devices with structural colors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2079-2087. [PMID: 34846485 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00577d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a facile strategy to combine magneto-responsive photonic crystal (MRPC) ink with 3D printing technology. The building blocks of MRPC are based on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle clusters (MNCs) with uniform and tunable size. The MNC dispersion is able to change its photonic band gap from red to blue as the external magnetic field strength is increased. The magneto-responsive photonic crystal ink can be readily obtained by taking advantage of an ethylene glycol (EG)-in-oil emulsion with a reinforced silicone rubber prepolymer as the outer phase. Using the well-designed formula, the MNC dispersion can be well-preserved inside the emulsion droplets of the ink, maintaining its original contactless magnetic field response. As a proof of concept, custom quick response code and butterfly patterns were successfully printed and showed vivid and tunable color as a function of the external magnetic field strength with good repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
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20
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Mohapatra DK, Camp PJ, Philip J. Influence of size polydispersity on magnetic field tunable structures in magnetic nanofluids containing superparamagnetic nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3573-3592. [PMID: 36133709 PMCID: PMC9419785 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00131k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We probe the influence of particle size polydispersity on field-induced structures and structural transitions in magnetic fluids (ferrofluids) using phase contrast optical microscopy, light scattering and Brownian dynamics simulations. Three different ferrofluids containing superparamagnetic nanoparticles of different polydispersity indices (PDIs) are used. In a ferrofluid with a high PDI (∼0.79), thin chains, thick chains, and sheets are formed on increasing the in-plane magnetic field, whereas isotropic bubbles, and hexagonal and lamellar/stripe structures are formed on increasing the out-of-plane magnetic field over the same range. In contrast, no field-induced aggregates are seen in the sample with low polydispersity under the above conditions. In a polydisperse sample, bubbles are formed at a very low magnetic field strength of 30 G. Insights into the structural evolution with increasing magnetic field strength are obtained by carrying out Brownian dynamics simulations. The crossovers from isotropic, through hexagonal columnar, to lamellar/stripe structures observed with increasing field strength in the high-polydispersity sample indicate the prominent roles of large, more strongly interacting particles in structural transitions in ferrofluids. Based on the observed microstructures, a phase diagram is constructed. Our work opens up new opportunities to develop optical devices and access diverse structures by tuning size polydispersity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillip Kumar Mohapatra
- Smart Materials Section, Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, HBNI Kalpakkam-603102 India
| | - Philip J Camp
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ Scotland UK
- Department of Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University 51 Lenin Avenue Ekaterinburg 620000 Russia
| | - John Philip
- Smart Materials Section, Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, HBNI Kalpakkam-603102 India
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21
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Barcelos DA, Leitao DC, Pereira LCJ, Gonçalves MC. What Is Driving the Growth of Inorganic Glass in Smart Materials and Opto-Electronic Devices? MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2926. [PMID: 34072283 PMCID: PMC8198596 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic glass is a transparent functional material and one of the few materials that keeps leading innovation. In the last decades, inorganic glass was integrated into opto-electronic devices such as optical fibers, semiconductors, solar cells, transparent photovoltaic devices, or photonic crystals and in smart materials applications such as environmental, pharmaceutical, and medical sensors, reinforcing its influence as an essential material and providing potential growth opportunities for the market. Moreover, inorganic glass is the only material that is 100% recyclable and can incorporate other industrial offscourings and/or residues to be used as raw materials. Over time, inorganic glass experienced an extensive range of fabrication techniques, from traditional melting-quenching (with an immense diversity of protocols) to chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), and wet chemistry routes as sol-gel and solvothermal processes. Additive manufacturing (AM) was recently added to the list. Bulks (3D), thin/thick films (2D), flexible glass (2D), powders (2D), fibers (1D), and nanoparticles (NPs) (0D) are examples of possible inorganic glass architectures able to integrate smart materials and opto-electronic devices, leading to added-value products in a wide range of markets. In this review, selected examples of inorganic glasses in areas such as: (i) magnetic glass materials, (ii) solar cells and transparent photovoltaic devices, (iii) photonic crystal, and (iv) smart materials are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alves Barcelos
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- CQE, Centro de Química Estrutural, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana C. Leitao
- INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, R. Alves Redol 9, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Laura C. J. Pereira
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2685-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal;
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2685-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Maria Clara Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- CQE, Centro de Química Estrutural, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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22
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Cai Z, Li Z, Ravaine S, He M, Song Y, Yin Y, Zheng H, Teng J, Zhang A. From colloidal particles to photonic crystals: advances in self-assembly and their emerging applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5898-5951. [PMID: 34027954 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, photonic crystals (PhCs) have attracted intense interests thanks to their broad potential applications in optics and photonics. Generally, these structures can be fabricated via either "top-down" lithographic or "bottom-up" self-assembly approaches. The self-assembly approaches have attracted particular attention due to their low cost, simple fabrication processes, relative convenience of scaling up, and the ease of creating complex structures with nanometer precision. The self-assembled colloidal crystals (CCs), which are good candidates for PhCs, have offered unprecedented opportunities for photonics, optics, optoelectronics, sensing, energy harvesting, environmental remediation, pigments, and many other applications. The creation of high-quality CCs and their mass fabrication over large areas are the critical limiting factors for real-world applications. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art techniques in the self-assembly of colloidal particles for the fabrication of large-area high-quality CCs and CCs with unique symmetries. The first part of this review summarizes the types of defects commonly encountered in the fabrication process and their effects on the optical properties of the resultant CCs. Next, the mechanisms of the formation of cracks/defects are discussed, and a range of versatile fabrication methods to create large-area crack/defect-free two-dimensional and three-dimensional CCs are described. Meanwhile, we also shed light on both the advantages and limitations of these advanced approaches developed to fabricate high-quality CCs. The self-assembly routes and achievements in the fabrication of CCs with the ability to open a complete photonic bandgap, such as cubic diamond and pyrochlore structure CCs, are discussed as well. Then emerging applications of large-area high-quality CCs and unique photonic structures enabled by the advanced self-assembly methods are illustrated. At the end of this review, we outlook the future approaches in the fabrication of perfect CCs and highlight their novel real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Cai
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China. and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576, Singapore and Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Serge Ravaine
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mingxin He
- Department of Physics, Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Yanlin Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Hanbin Zheng
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
| | - Ao Zhang
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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23
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Li X, Dong ZQ, Yu P, Wang LP, Niu XD, Yamaguchi H, Li DC. Effect of self-assembly on fluorescence in magnetic multiphase flows and its application on the novel detection for COVID-19. PHYSICS OF FLUIDS (WOODBURY, N.Y. : 1994) 2021; 33:042004. [PMID: 33897247 PMCID: PMC8060970 DOI: 10.1063/5.0048123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the magnetic field induced self-assembly processes of magnetic microparticles in an aqueous liquid (the pure magnetic fluid) and nonmagnetic microparticles in ferrofluid (the inverse magnetic fluid) are experimentally investigated. The microparticles are formed into chain-like microstructures in both the pure magnetic fluid and the inverse magnetic fluid by applying the external magnetic field. The fluorescence parameters of these self-assembled chain-like microstructures are measured and compared to those without the effect of magnetic field. It is found that the fluorescence in the pure magnetic fluid is weakened, because the scattering and illuminating areas are reduced in the microstructures. On the contrary, the fluorescence in the inverse magnetic fluid is enhanced, because more fluorescent nonmagnetic microparticles are enriched and become detectable under the effect of the magnetic dipole force and the magnetic levitational force, and their unnecessary scattering can be absorbed by the surrounding ferrofluid. The average enhancement of the fluorescence area ratio in the inverse magnetic fluid with 3 μm nonmagnetic microparticles reaches 112.92%. The present work shows that the inverse magnetic fluid has advantages such as low cost, no scattering effect, stable fluorescence intensity, and relatively low magnetic resistance. In the end, a prototype design for the novel detection of coronavirus disease 2019 based on the magnetic field induced self-assembly in the inverse magnetic fluid is proposed, which could support the epidemic prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peng Yu
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| | | | - Xiao-Dong Niu
- College of Engineering, Shantou University, 243 Daxue Road, Shantou 515063, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Energy Conversion Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyoto 630–0321, Japan
| | - De-Cai Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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24
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Wang S, Chen Y, Zhou X, Lei L, Shah ZH, Lin G, Gao Y. Magnetic Manipulation and Assembly of Nonmagnetic Colloidal Rods in a Ferrofluid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1429-1437. [PMID: 33464908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated experimentally and theoretically the interactions and assembly of rodlike colloids in a ferrofluid confined at solid/liquid interface by the gravity under external magnetic fields. We first derived analytical expressions for the interaction energy of a single rod with the external magnetic field and the interaction between two rods using classical electromagnetism. The theory well captured the experimentally observed alignment of a single rod along the field direction under an in-plane field and switching between the horizontal and the vertical configurations in an out-of-plane field due to the competition between the magnetic energy and the gravitational energy. The theory can also predict the symmetric position fluctuations of a free rod on a fixed one at 90° and the gradual bias toward the end of the fixed rod as the angle was reduced to 0°, favoring the tip-toe arrangement. Finally, we showed that this anisotropic interaction led to the formation of chain-like structures, whose growth kinetics followed a simple scaling behavior with time. This work provides a theoretical framework for understanding the behaviors of rodlike colloids in ferrofluids and highlights the importance of shape anisotropy in manipulating colloids and their self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xuemao Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lijie Lei
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zameer Hussain Shah
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guanhua Lin
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Avenue 3688, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Vaz R, Frasco MF, Sales MGF. Photonics in nature and bioinspired designs: sustainable approaches for a colourful world. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5106-5129. [PMID: 36132040 PMCID: PMC9416915 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems possess nanoarchitectures that have evolved for specific purposes and whose ability to modulate the flow of light creates an extraordinary diversity of natural photonic structures. In particular, the striking beauty of the structural colouration observed in nature has inspired technological innovation in many fields. Intense research has been devoted to mimicking the unique vivid colours with newly designed photonic structures presenting stimuli-responsive properties, with remarkable applications in health care, safety and security. This review highlights bioinspired photonic approaches in this context, starting by presenting many appealing examples of structural colours in nature, followed by describing the versatility of fabrication methods and designed coloured structures. A particular focus is given to optical sensing for medical diagnosis, food control and environmental monitoring, which has experienced a significant growth, especially considering the advances in obtaining inexpensive miniaturized systems, more reliability, fast responses, and the use of label-free layouts. Additionally, naturally derived biomaterials and synthetic polymers are versatile and fit many different structural designs that are underlined. Progress in bioinspired photonic polymers and their integration in novel devices is discussed since recent developments have emerged to lift the expectations of smart, flexible, wearable and portable sensors. The discussion is expanded to give emphasis on additional functionalities offered to related biomedical applications and the use of structural colours in new sustainable strategies that could meet the needs of technological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Vaz
- BioMark Sensor Research/UC, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Coimbra University Coimbra Portugal
- BioMark Sensor Research/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto Porto Portugal
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University Braga Portugal
| | - Manuela F Frasco
- BioMark Sensor Research/UC, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Coimbra University Coimbra Portugal
- BioMark Sensor Research/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto Porto Portugal
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University Braga Portugal
| | - M Goreti F Sales
- BioMark Sensor Research/UC, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Coimbra University Coimbra Portugal
- BioMark Sensor Research/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto Porto Portugal
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University Braga Portugal
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Krasia-Christoforou T, Socoliuc V, Knudsen KD, Tombácz E, Turcu R, Vékás L. From Single-Core Nanoparticles in Ferrofluids to Multi-Core Magnetic Nanocomposites: Assembly Strategies, Structure, and Magnetic Behavior. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2178. [PMID: 33142887 PMCID: PMC7692798 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles are the basic components of the most promising magnetoresponsive nanoparticle systems for medical (diagnosis and therapy) and bio-related applications. Multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles with a high magnetic moment and well-defined size, shape, and functional coating are designed to fulfill the specific requirements of various biomedical applications, such as contrast agents, heating mediators, drug targeting, or magnetic bioseparation. This review article summarizes recent results in manufacturing multi-core magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) systems emphasizing the synthesis procedures, starting from ferrofluids (with single-core MNPs) as primary materials in various assembly methods to obtain multi-core magnetic particles. The synthesis and functionalization will be followed by the results of advanced physicochemical, structural, and magnetic characterization of multi-core particles, as well as single- and multi-core particle size distribution, morphology, internal structure, agglomerate formation processes, and constant and variable field magnetic properties. The review provides a comprehensive insight into the controlled synthesis and advanced structural and magnetic characterization of multi-core magnetic composites envisaged for nanomedicine and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Krasia-Christoforou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, 75 Kallipoleos Avenue, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus;
| | - Vlad Socoliuc
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy–Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Kenneth D. Knudsen
- Department for Neutron Materials Characterization, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), 2027 Kjeller, Norway;
| | - Etelka Tombácz
- Soós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center, University of Pannonia, Zrínyi M. Str. 18., H-8800 Nagykanizsa, Hungary;
| | - Rodica Turcu
- Department of Physics of Nanostructured Systems, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat Str. 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ladislau Vékás
- Laboratory of Magnetic Fluids, Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research, Romanian Academy–Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
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Zhang X, Sun L, Yu Y, Zhao Y. Flexible Ferrofluids: Design and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903497. [PMID: 31583782 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ferrofluids, also known as ferromagnetic particle suspensions, are materials with an excellent magnetic response, which have attracted increasing interest in both industrial production and scientific research areas. Because of their outstanding features, such as rapid magnetic reaction, flexible flowability, as well as tunable optical and thermal properties, ferrofluids have found applications in various fields, including material science, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering. Here, a comprehensive, in-depth insight into the diverse applications of ferrofluids from material fabrication, droplet manipulation, and biomedicine to energy and machinery is provided. Design of ferrofluid-related devices, recent developments, as well as present challenges and future prospects are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yunru Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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28
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Li Z, Wang M, Zhang X, Wang D, Xu W, Yin Y. Magnetic Assembly of Nanocubes for Orientation-Dependent Photonic Responses. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6673-6680. [PMID: 31454480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Close packing is the most favorable manner in colloidal self-assembly, producing superstructures with a limited variety of spatial configurations. This challenge can be overcome by incorporating anisotropic interactions into the assembly process. Using magnetite nanocubes as the building blocks, we show that they can be magnetically assembled into one-dimensional nanochains in an edge-to-edge rather than close-packed face-to-face manner. The cubic shape of the building blocks plays a key role: it decouples the easy magnetization from any of the three geometric axes favoring close packing. Therefore, under magnetic fields, the induced competition between the long-range Zeeman coupling and the short-range dipole-dipole coupling determines the assembly of nanocubes along the [110] directions. The photonic properties of the edge-to-edge configuration are dependent on both chain orientation and viewing angle. Unlike nanosphere assemblies where the strongest diffraction occurs parallel to the chain (or field) direction, the nanocubes allow one to define their long-range periodicity in the plane of a thin film while diffracting light out of the plane, making it particularly useful for applications that desire the achievement of structural colors of sufficient intensity in a film with a minimum thickness. For example, their unique photonic property can be taken advantage of to design "magic" patterns whose rotation is perceived to be opposite to the actual rotational direction of the film. It is difficult to reproduce such unusual optical effects by other means; thereby, many new ways for designing novel security devices are provided. This work reveals the enormous potential of the magnetic assembly strategy, when combined with the use of well-defined nonspherical building blocks, for controlling the spatial configurations of colloidal assemblies and exploiting their novel physical properties for intriguing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Mingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Xiaoliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
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Li H, Li C, Sun W, Wang Y, Hua W, Liu J, Zhang S, Chen Z, Wang S, Wu Z, Zhu Q, Tang R, Yu J, He L, Ozin GA, Zhang X. Single-Stimulus-Induced Modulation of Multiple Optical Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900388. [PMID: 30997714 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive smart optical materials hold great promise for applications in active optics, display, sensing, energy conversion, military camouflage, and artificial intelligence. However, their applications are greatly restricted by the difficulty of tuning different optical properties within the same material, especially by a single stimulus. Here, magnetic modulations of multiple optical properties are demonstrated in a crystalline colloidal array (CCA) of magnetic nanorods. Small-angle X-ray scattering studies reveal that these nanorods form an unusual monoclinic crystal in concentrated suspensions. The CCA exhibits optical anisotropy in the form of a photonic bandgap and birefringence, thus enabling magnetic tuning of the structural color and transmittance at a rate of 50 Hz. As a proof-of-concept, it is further demonstrated that the fabrication of a multifunctional device for display, anticounterfeiting, and smart-window applications based on this multiple magneto-optical effect. The study not only provides a new model system for understanding colloidal assembly, but also opens up opportunities for new applications of smart optical materials for various purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chaoran Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Materials Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Group, Solar Fuels Cluster, Departments of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Wenqiang Hua
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shenghua Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qishan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Rujun Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Le He
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Geoffrey A Ozin
- Materials Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Group, Solar Fuels Cluster, Departments of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University-Western University Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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Li Z, Yin Y. Stimuli-Responsive Optical Nanomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807061. [PMID: 30773717 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Responsive optical nanomaterials that can sense and translate various external stimuli into optical signals, in the forms of observable changes in appearance and variations in spectral line shapes, are among the most active research topics in nanooptics. They are intensively exploited within the regimes of the four classic optical phenomena-diffraction in photonic crystals, absorption of plasmonic nanostructures, as well as color-switching systems, refraction of assembled birefringent nanostructures, and emission of photoluminescent nanomaterials and molecules. Herein, a comprehensive review of these research activities regarding the fundamental principles and practical strategies is provided. Starting with an overview of their substantial developments during the latest three decades, each subtopic discussion is led with fundamental theories that delineate the correlation between nanostructures and optical properties and the delicate research strategies are elaborated with specific attention focused on working principles and optical performances. The unique advantages and inherent limitations of each responsive optical nanoscale platform are summarized, accompanied by empirical criteria that should be met and perspectives on research opportunities where the developments of next-generation responsive optical nanomaterials might be directed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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31
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Chen S, Guo L, Ji M, Chen J, Liu P, Ding H, Qi D, Xie Z, Gu Z. Photonic crystal enhanced laser desorption and ionization substrate for detection of stress biomarkers under atmospheric pressure. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:908-914. [PMID: 32255096 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced efficiency for generating molecular ions is essential for high-throughput and sensitive detection using mass spectrometry in clinical diagnostics and biomarker discovery. In this study, we developed a novel strategy to promote laser desorption and ionization by using photonic crystals as substrates. The WO3-TiO2 inverse opal photonic crystal, with a coupling stop band and laser wavelength, significantly enhanced the efficiency of laser desorption and ionization owing to the slow light effect and the porous structure of the inverse opal, which increased the interaction between the laser and WO3-TiO2. Furthermore, stress biomarkers were conveniently measured under atmospheric pressure by using WO3-TiO2 inverse opal as an enhanced substrate to evaluate the impact of chronic unpredictable mild stress. The universal and highly sensitive substrate has promised for application in the highly sensitive detection and quantification of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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32
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Pal A, Zinn T, Kamal MA, Narayanan T, Schurtenberger P. Anomalous Dynamics of Magnetic Anisotropic Colloids Studied by XPCS. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802233. [PMID: 30102453 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The influence of an applied magnetic field on the collective dynamics of novel anisotropic colloidal particles whose shape resembles peanuts is reported. Being made up of hematite cores and silica shells, these micrometer-sized particles align in a direction perpendicular to the applied external magnetic field, and assemble into chains along the field direction. The anisotropic dynamics of these particles is investigated using multispeckle ultrasmall-angle X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USA-XPCS). The results indicate that along the direction of the magnetic field, the particle dynamics strongly depends on the length scale probed. Here, the relaxation of the intermediate scattering function follows a compressed exponential behavior at large distances, while it appears diffusive at distances comparable or smaller than the particle size. Perpendicular to the applied field (and along the direction of gravity), the experimental data can be quantitatively reproduced by a combination of an advective term originating from sedimentation and a purely diffusive one that describes the thermal diffusion of the assembled chains and individual particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antara Pal
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Zinn
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Mohammad Arif Kamal
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Schurtenberger
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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Xu W, Li Z, Yin Y. Colloidal Assembly Approaches to Micro/Nanostructures of Complex Morphologies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801083. [PMID: 30039921 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ability to programmatically assemble colloidal micro/nanostructures into highly ordered superstructures is of great importance in both fundamental studies and practical applications. In addition to the sophisticated manipulation of the short-range and long-range interactions imposed on the colloidal building blocks, the intrinsic shape elements including face, edge, corner, concave, convex, and curvature also play very important roles in solving the "jigsaw puzzle" of the superstructures. Here, the recent progress in the development of colloidal assembly strategies for the formation of complex superstructures is reviewed, with a primary focus on the unique effects of the morphology of the building blocks to the assembly processes and the final structures. Overall, this Review aims to shed light on the fundamental understanding of the colloidal behaviors of complex micro/nanostructures and promote the continued development of effective strategies for the creation of functional materials with complex compositions and morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Cheng Y, Dong J, Li X. Light-Switchable Self-Assembly of Non-Photoresponsive Gold Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6117-6124. [PMID: 29716191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an interesting light-induced self-assembly behavior from non-photoresponsive gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) was reported. Specifically, a pH-responsive amphiphile SPBwas developed that contained a particular phenylboronic acid moiety and showed excellent surface activity at the neutral and basic conditions, thereby stabilizing Au NPs well. Accordingly, the SPB-functionalized Au NPs showed strong pH dependence that there presented the pH-induced reversible self-assembly behavior. Furthermore, the introduction of a small amount of commercially available photoacid generator named diphenyliodonium nitrate (DIN) into the system could endow it with apparent light-switchable self-assembly behavior. The pH- and light-induced self-assembly behaviors of SPB-functionalized Au NPs in the absence and presence of DIN, respectively, were systematically studied by various techniques including UV-vis spectrum, transmission electron microscope, nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which evidently confirmed that the stimuli-responsive self-assembly was controlled by the hydrogen-bonding interactions between phenylboronic acid moieties. Attributing to the light-induced obvious color change from bright-red to deep purple, the system was applied in particle imprinting successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Dong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
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Isapour G, Lattuada M. Bioinspired Stimuli-Responsive Color-Changing Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707069. [PMID: 29700857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive colors are a unique characteristic of certain animals, evolved as either a method to hide from enemies and prey or to communicate their presence to rivals or mates. From a material science perspective, the solutions developed by Mother Nature to achieve these effects are a source of inspiration to scientists for decades. Here, an updated overview of the literature on bioinspired stimuli-responsive color-changing systems is provided. Starting from natural systems, which are the source of inspiration, a classification of the different solutions proposed is given, based on the stimuli used to trigger the color-changing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Isapour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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36
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Luo W, Yan J, Tan Y, Ma H, Guan J. Rotating 1-D magnetic photonic crystal balls with a tunable lattice constant. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:9548-9555. [PMID: 28661527 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03335d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The responsive photonic crystal (RPC) balls with adjustable lattice constant and controllable rotation developed to date are all based on Janus particles of three dimensional (3-D) periodical structures, which suffer from color uneveness and asymmetric volume change, limiting the applications in the fields of encoding, sensing and displays. In this study, we have developed the first 1-D magnetic photonic crystal balls with tunable lattice constants by fixing collectively oriented periodical 1-D magnetic nanochain-like structures in responsive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel balls under magnetic field (H) and UV irradiation. The structural colors of the balls are uniform on the entire ball and can be regulated by temperature (T) and solvents. The as-prepared RPC balls always retain a perfectly spherical shape even when the hydrogel volume changes with stimuli because of the low content of the included 1-D magnetic nanochain-like structures. This endows smooth rotation in the H direction to switch "on/off" their structural colors at various stimuli, as demonstrated by a colorful display application at temperature ranging from 10 to 35 °C. The as-developed RPC balls are expected to have promising potential applications in color display, rewritable signage, biological and chemical sensors owing to their excellent multi-response properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Jiang C, Leung CW, Pong PWT. Magnetic-Field-Assisted Assembly of Anisotropic Superstructures by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Enhanced Magnetism. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:189. [PMID: 27067737 PMCID: PMC4828407 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticle superstructures with controlled magnetic alignment and desired structural anisotropy hold promise for applications in data storage and energy storage. Assembly of monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles under a magnetic field could lead to highly ordered superstructures, providing distinctive magnetic properties. In this work, a low-cost fabrication technique was demonstrated to assemble sub-20-nm iron oxide nanoparticles into crystalline superstructures under an in-plane magnetic field. The gradient of the applied magnetic field contributes to the anisotropic formation of micron-sized superstructures. The magnitude of the applied magnetic field promotes the alignment of magnetic moments of the nanoparticles. The strong dipole-dipole interactions between the neighboring nanoparticles lead to a close-packed pattern as an energetically favorable configuration. Rod-shaped and spindle-shaped superstructures with uniform size and controlled spacing were obtained using spherical and polyhedral nanoparticles, respectively. The arrangement and alignment of the superstructures can be tuned by changing the experimental conditions. The two types of superstructures both show enhancement of coercivity and saturation magnetization along the applied field direction, which is presumably associated with the magnetic anisotropy and magnetic dipole interactions of the constituent nanoparticles and the increased shape anisotropy of the superstructures. Our results show that the magnetic-field-assisted assembly technique could be used for fabricating nanomaterial-based structures with controlled geometric dimensions and enhanced magnetic properties for magnetic and energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Jiang
- />Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Wah Leung
- />Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Philip W. T. Pong
- />Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Raveendran J, Wood JA, Docoslis A. Contact-Free Templating of 3-D Colloidal Structures Using Spatially Nonuniform AC Electric Fields. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9619-9632. [PMID: 27541583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The formation of ordered and regularly shaped structures of colloidal particles with the aid of spatially nonuniform electric fields is a modern research area of great interest. This work illustrates how alternating current (AC) electrokinetic effects (dielectrophoresis, electroosmosis) can serve as contact-free templates, inside which colloidal microspheres can assemble into a variety of shapes and sizes. We show how three-dimensional colloidal structures of square, circular, and diamond shape of many tens of micrometers in size can be reproducibly formed with a single set of quadrupolar microelectrodes. Numerical simulations performed help to explain the role of AC electroosmosis and AC dielectrophoresis on the shaping of these structures as a function of applied voltage and frequency. We also demonstrate how the templating repertoire is further enhanced with the simultaneous application of a second, individually controlled AC electric field, which enables a variety of asymmetric colloidal structures to be produced using the same set of quadrupolar microelectrodes. As the preservation of shape and size of such electric-field templated structures after medium evaporation still remains a big challenge, here we also report on a novel method that permits the stabilization and isolation of these particle assemblies through medium gelation and subsequent hydrogel removal with a UV/ozone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Raveendran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University , Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | | | - Aristides Docoslis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University , Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
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Hu H, Ji F, Xu Y, Yu J, Liu Q, Chen L, Chen Q, Wen P, Lifshitz Y, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Lee ST. Reversible and Precise Self-Assembly of Janus Metal-Organosilica Nanoparticles through a Linker-Free Approach. ACS NANO 2016; 10:7323-7330. [PMID: 27392069 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b03396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reversible self-assembly of nanoparticles into ordered structures is essential for both fundamental study and practical applications. Although extensive work has been conducted, the demand for simple, cheap, reversible, and versatile ordering methods is still a central issue in current nanoscience and nanotechnology. Here we report a reversible and precise self-assembly of nanoparticles through a linker-free and fast approach by manipulating the interparticle forces, e.g., van der Waals (VDW) force and electrostatic force. Because VDW force is nondirectional, an oriented interaction is achieved to induce the directional binding of nanoparticles utilizing the Janus nanostructure. An effective sol-gel approach has been developed to synthesize metal-organosilica Janus nanoparticles. Dimers and trimers can be obtained by tuning the steric hindrance. After assembly, "hot-spots" can be generated between adjacent nanoparticles, and dramatic enhancement has been observed in surface-enhanced Raman scattering. The present strategy overcomes several limitations of existing approaches and allows the controlled assembly of small particles into various structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicheng Hu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qipeng Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 104 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Peng Wen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yeshayahu Lifshitz
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , No. 12 South Street of Zhongguancun Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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40
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Timonen JVI, Demirörs AF, Grzybowski BA. Magnetofluidic Tweezing of Nonmagnetic Colloids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3453-3459. [PMID: 26990182 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201506072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetofluidic tweezing based on negative magnetophoresis and microfabricated core-shell magnetic microtips allows controlled on-demand assembly of colloids and microparticles into various static and dynamic structures such as colloidal crystals (as shown for 3.2 μm silica particles).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko V I Timonen
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineeringand Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | | | - Bartosz A Grzybowski
- IBS Center for Soft and Living Matter and the Department of Chemistry, UNIST, Ulsan, South Korea
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41
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Kralj S, Makovec D. Magnetic Assembly of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Clusters into Nanochains and Nanobundles. ACS NANO 2015; 9:9700-7. [PMID: 26394039 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on the syntheses of magnetoresponsive, superparamagnetic nanostructures with highly anisotropic shapes, i.e., nanochains of controlled length and their bundles (nanobundles). These nanochains and nanobundles were obtained by the simultaneous magnetic assembly of superparamagnetic nanoparticle clusters (SNCs) and the fixation of the assembled SNCs with an additional layer of deposited silica, produced by a sol-gel process. This low-cost approach provides excellent length control of the short nanochains (approximately 6 or 14 SNCs per nanochain) and fine-tuning of the spacing between the neighboring SNCs inside an individual nanochain. Our magnetically responsive superparamagnetic nanostructures have a controlled aspect ratio, a uniform size, and a well-defined shape, and they express good colloidal stability. This general approach should lead to new, advanced applications of the nanochains and nanobundles in the treatment of cancer and in the ability to magnetically manipulate liquid and photonic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavko Kralj
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute , Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Nanos SCI, Nanos Scientificae d.o.o. , Teslova 30, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darko Makovec
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute , Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Velez C, Torres-Díaz I, Maldonado-Camargo L, Rinaldi C, Arnold DP. Magnetic Assembly and Cross-Linking of Nanoparticles for Releasable Magnetic Microstructures. ACS NANO 2015; 9:10165-72. [PMID: 26364509 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This article describes a versatile method to fabricate magnetic microstructures with complex two-dimensional geometric shapes using magnetically assembled iron oxide (Fe3O4) and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles. Magnetic pole patterns are imprinted into magnetizable media, onto which magnetic nanoparticles are assembled from a colloidal suspension into defined shapes via the shaped magnetic field gradients. The kinetics of this assembly process are studied by evaluation of the microstructure features (e.g., line width and height) as a function of time, particle type, and volume fraction. After assembly, the iron oxide particles are cross-linked in situ and subsequently released by dissolving a sacrificial layer. The free-floating magnetic structures are shown to retain their patterned shape during manipulation with external magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Velez
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, #J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Isaac Torres-Díaz
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, #J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Lorena Maldonado-Camargo
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, #J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Carlos Rinaldi
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, #J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - David P Arnold
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, #J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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Liu P, de Folter JWJ, Petukhov AV, Philipse AP. Reconfigurable assembly of superparamagnetic colloids confined in thermo-reversible microtubes. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:6201-6211. [PMID: 26144213 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01035g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Structural transformations of superparamagnetic colloids confined within self-assembled microtubes are studied by systematically varying tube-colloid size ratios and external magnetic field directions. A magnetic field parallel to microtubes may stretch non-linear chains like zigzag chains into linear chains. Non-parallel fields induce new structures including repulsive chains of single colloids, kinked chains and repulsive dimers, which are not observed for unconfined magnetic colloids in the bulk. The formed colloidal structures are confirmed via model calculations which account for tube-colloid size ratio effects and their reconfigurability with the field direction. Furthermore, structures are formed that allow controllable switching between a helical and a non-helical state. All observed field-induced transformations in microtubes are reversible provided the microtubes are not completely filled with colloids. In addition, we demonstrate magnetic field-responsive 2D crystallization by extending control over colloidal configurations in single microtubes to multiple well-aligned microtubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584CH, The Netherlands.
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Kundu PK, Samanta D, Leizrowice R, Margulis B, Zhao H, Börner M, Udayabhaskararao T, Manna D, Klajn R. Light-controlled self-assembly of non-photoresponsive nanoparticles. Nat Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Carstensen H, Kapaklis V, Wolff M. Phase formation in colloidal systems with tunable interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:012303. [PMID: 26274158 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.012303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly is one of the most fascinating phenomena in nature and is one key component in the formation of hierarchical structures. The formation of structures depends critically on the interaction between the different constituents, and therefore the link between these interactions and the resulting structure is fundamental for the understanding of materials. We have realized a two-dimensional system of colloidal particles with tunable magnetic dipole forces. The phase formation is studied by transmission optical microscopy and a phase diagram is constructed. We report a phase transition from hexagonal to random and square arrangements when the magnetic interaction between the individual particles is tuned from antiferromagnetic to ferrimagnetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauke Carstensen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vassilios Kapaklis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Max Wolff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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46
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Takahashi H, Nagao D, Watanabe K, Ishii H, Konno M. Magnetic field aligned assembly of nonmagnetic composite dumbbells in nanoparticle-based aqueous ferrofluid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5590-5595. [PMID: 25927488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse, nonmagnetic, asymmetrical composite dumbbells in a suspension of magnetic nanoparticles (ferrofluid) were aligned by application of an external magnetic field to the ferrofluid. The asymmetrical composite dumbbells were prepared by two-step soap-free emulsion polymerization consisting of the first polymerization to coat spherical silica cores with cross-linked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) shell and the second polymerization to protrude a polystyrene (PSt) lobe from the core-shell particles. A chain structure of nonmagnetic dumbbells oriented to the applied magnetic field was observed at nanoparticle content of 2.0 vol % and field strengths higher than 1.0 mT. A similar chain structure of the dumbbells was observed under application of alternating electric field at strengths higher than 50 V/mm. Parallel and orthogonally combined applications of the electric and magnetic fields were also conducted to examine independence of the electric and magnetic applications as operational factors in the dumbbell assembling. Dumbbell chains stiffer than those in a single application of external field were formed in the parallel combined application of electric and magnetic fields. The orthogonal combination of the different applied fields could form a magnetically aligned chain structure of the nonmagnetic dumbbells oriented to the electric field. The present work experimentally indicated that the employment of inverse magnetorheological effect for nonmagnetic, anisotropic particles can be a useful method for the simultaneous controls over the orientation and the positon of anisotropic particles in their assembling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Daisuke Nagao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Kanako Watanabe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Haruyuki Ishii
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Mikio Konno
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
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He L, Janner M, Lu Q, Wang M, Ma H, Yin Y. Magnetochromatic thin-film microplates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:86-92. [PMID: 25408459 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new type of magnetochromatic material is developed based on thin-film interference of microplates self-assembled from super-paramagnetic nanocrystals. Dynamic optical tuning can be achieved through orientational manipulation of free-standing super-paramagnetic thin-film microplates using external magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le He
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
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48
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You A, Cao Y, Cao G. Facile fabrication of a magnetically assembled colloidal photonic crystal film via radical polymerization. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13900g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile, economical and practical technique to fabricate a magnetically assembled colloidal photonic crystal in a polyacrylamide hydrogel matrix was demonstrated by an instant radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei You
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Yuhua Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
| | - Guangqun Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
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49
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Men Y, Wang W, Xiao P, Gu J, Sun A, Huang Y, Zhang J, Chen T. Controlled evaporative self-assembly of Fe3O4 nanoparticles assisted by an external magnetic field. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02160j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple yet robust approach of magnetic field assisted controlled evaporative self-assembly (CESA) is developed to achieve Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) micro- and nano-patterns in two dimensional (2D) direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Men
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials
| | - Wenqin Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Jincui Gu
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Aihua Sun
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Youju Huang
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Tao Chen
- Division of Polymer and Composite Materials
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
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50
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Pal A, Malik V, He L, Erné BH, Yin Y, Kegel WK, Petukhov AV. Tuning the Colloidal Crystal Structure of Magnetic Particles by External Field. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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