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Wu J, Yu G, Zhang X, Staiger MP, Gupta TB, Yao H, Wu X. A fructan-type garlic polysaccharide upregulates immune responses in macrophage cells and in immunosuppressive mice. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 344:122530. [PMID: 39218552 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effects of plant polysaccharides are well known. However, the stimulatory effects of polysaccharides under immunosuppressive conditions and their link with the polysaccharide structure is underexplored. In this work, the immune modulatory effects of a garlic polysaccharide (GP) are investigated via in vitro and vivo methods. It is observed that GP enhance the immune response of macrophages (RAW264.7) as indicated by the elevated levels of nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-6. The observation that GP are able to stimulate the immune response in vitro was then explored with the use of an immunosuppressed mouse model. Surprisingly, GP exhibited dose-dependent up-regulatory impacts on the cyclophosphamide (CTX) suppressed levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-6 and immunoglobulins (e.g. IgA and IgG). The GP intervention reversed histopathological damage to the small intestine and spleen and increased fecal short-chain fatty acid levels. Moreover, GP modulates the gut microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of immunogenic bacteria such as g__norank_f__Erysipelotrichaceae, while inhibiting the over-abundance of g_Bacteroides. Functional predictions indicated that gut biomarkers of GP possessed the functions of glycoside hydrolase family 32 (GH32) and β-fructofuranosidase. It is concluded that GP is a promising immunostimulant for immune-compromised individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Guoxing Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaosa Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mark P Staiger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tanushree B Gupta
- Food System Integrity Team, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xiyang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Gao T, Liu J, Huang N, Zhou Y, Li C, Chen Y, Hong Z, Deng X, Liang X. Sangju Cold Granule exerts anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activities against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118521. [PMID: 38969152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sangju Cold Granule (SJCG) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription described in "Item Differentiation of Warm Febrile Diseases". Historically, SJCG was employed to treat respiratory illnesses. Despite its popular usage, the alleviating effect of SJCG on influenza A virus infection and its mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY Influenza is a severe respiratory disease that threatens human health. This study aims to assess the therapeutic potential of SJCG and the possible molecular mechanism underlying its activity against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-Q-Exactive was used to identify the components of SJCG. The 50% cytotoxic concentration of SJCG in MDCK and A549 cells were determined using the CCK-8 assay. The activity of SJCG against influenza A virus H1N1 was evaluated in vitro using plaque reduction and progeny virus titer reduction assays. RT-qPCR was performed to obtain the expression levels of inflammatory mediators and the transcriptional regulation of RIG-I and MDA5 in H1N1-infected A549 cells. Then, the mechanism of SJCG effect on viral replication and inflammation was further explored by measuring the expressions of proteins of the RIG-I/NF-kB/IFN(I/III) signaling pathway by Western blot. The impact of SJCG was explored in vivo in an intranasally H1N1-infected BALB/c mouse pneumonia model treated with varying doses of SJCG. The protective role of SJCG in this model was evaluated by survival, body weight monitoring, lung viral titers, lung index, lung histological changes, lung inflammatory mediators, and peripheral blood leukocyte count. RESULTS The main SJCG chemical constituents were flavonoids, carbohydrates and glycosides, amino acids, peptides, and derivatives, organic acids and derivatives, alkaloids, fatty acyls, and terpenes. The CC50 of SJCG were 24.43 mg/mL on MDCK cells and 20.54 mg/mL on A549 cells, respectively. In vitro, SJCG significantly inhibited H1N1 replication and reduced the production of TNF-α, IFN-β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IP-10, RANTES, TRAIL, and SOCS1 in infected A549 cells. Intracellularly, SJCG reduced the expression of RIG-I, MDA5, P-NF-κB P65 (P-P65), P-IκBα, P-STAT1, P-STAT2, and IRF9. In vivo, SJCG enhanced the survival rate and decreased body weight loss in H1N1-infected mice. Mice with H1N1-induced pneumonia treated with SJCG showed a lower lung viral load and lung index than untreated mice. SJCG effectively alleviated lung damage and reduced the levels of TNF-α, IFN-β, IL-6, IP-10, RANTES, and SOCS1 in lung tissue. Moreover, SJCG significantly ameliorated H1N1-induced leukocyte changes in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS SJCG significantly reduced influenza A virus and virus-mediated inflammation through inhibiting the RIG-I/NF-kB/IFN(I/III) signaling pathway. Thus, SJCG could provide an effective TCM for influenza treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Gao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jinbing Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, China; Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Liwan Central Hospital of Guangzhou, 35 Liwan Road, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yingxuan Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Conglin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yintong Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zifan Hong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Xiaoli Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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3
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Spann MN, Bansal R, Aydin E, Pollatou A, Alleyne K, Bennett M, Sawardekar S, Delapenha K, Cheng B, Lee S, Monk C, Peterson BS. Maternal prenatal immune activation associated with brain tissue microstructure and metabolite concentrations in newborn infants. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 122:279-286. [PMID: 39163912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Few human studies have assessed the association of prenatal maternal immune activation (MIA) with measures of brain development and psychiatric risk in newborn offspring. Our goal was to identify the effects of MIA during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy on newborn measures of brain metabolite concentrations, tissue microstructure, and motor development. This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study conducted with nulliparous pregnant women who were aged 14 to 19 years and recruited in their 2nd trimester, as well as their children who were followed through 14 months of age. MIA was indexed by maternal interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in both trimesters of pregnancy. Primary outcomes included: (1) newborn brain metabolite concentrations as ratios to creatine (N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho)/Cr) measured using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; (2) newborn fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity, measured using Diffusion Tensor Imaging; and (3) indices of motor development, assessed prenatally and postnatally at ages 4- and 14-months. Maternal IL-6 and CRP levels associated significantly with both metabolites in the putamen, thalamus, insula, and the internal capsule. Maternal IL-6 associated significantly with fractional anisotropy in the putamen, caudate, thalamus, insula, and precuneus, and with mean diffusivity in the inferior parietal and middle temporal gyrus. CRP associated significantly with fractional anisotropy in the thalamus, insula, and putamen. Significant associations were found in common regions across imaging modalities, though the direction of associations differed by immune marker. In addition, both maternal IL-6 and CRP (in both trimesters) prenatally associated significantly with offspring motor development at 4- and 14-months of age. The left thalamus mediated effects of IL-6 on postnatal motor development. These findings demonstrate that levels of MIA in mid- to late pregnancy in a generally healthy sample associate with tissue characteristics in newborn brain regions that primarily support motor integration and coordination, as well as behavioral regulation. Those brain effects may contribute to differences in motor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa N Spann
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Ravi Bansal
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ezra Aydin
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Angeliki Pollatou
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kiarra Alleyne
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Margaret Bennett
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Kayla Delapenha
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bin Cheng
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Catherine Monk
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bradley S Peterson
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Chen YC, Hsu PY, Su MC, Chen YL, Chang YT, Chin CH, Lin IC, Chen YM, Wang TY, Lin YY, Lee CP, Lin MC, Hsiao CC. Long non-coding RNA FKSG29 regulates oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:2723-2740. [PMID: 37914826 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Altered expressions of pro-/anti-oxidant genes are known to regulate the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).We aim to explore the role of a novel long non-coding (lnc) RNA FKSG29 in the development of intermittent hypoxia with re-oxygenation (IHR)-induced endothelial dysfunction in OSA. Gene expression levels of key pro-/anti-oxidant genes, vasoactive genes, and the FKSG29 were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 12 subjects with primary snoring (PS) and 36 OSA patients. Human monocytic THP-1 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used for gene knockout and double luciferase under IHR exposure. Gene expression levels of the FKSG29 lncRNA, NOX2, NOX5, and VEGFA genes were increased in OSA patients versus PS subjects, while SOD2 and VEGFB gene expressions were decreased. Subgroup analysis showed that gene expression of the miR-23a-3p, an endogenous competitive microRNA of the FKSG29, was decreased in sleep-disordered breathing patients with hypertension versus those without hypertension. In vitro IHR experiments showed that knock-down of the FKSG29 reversed IHR-induced ROS overt production, early apoptosis, up-regulations of the HIF1A/HIF2A/NOX2/NOX4/NOX5/VEGFA/VEGFB genes, and down-regulations of the VEGFB/SOD2 genes, while the protective effects of FKSG29 knock-down were abolished by miR-23a-3p knock-down. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that FKSG29 was a sponge of miR-23a-3p, which regulated IL6R directly. Immunofluorescence stain further demonstrated that FKSGH29 knock-down decreased IHR-induced uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein and reversed IHR-induced IL6R/STAT3/GATA6/ICAM1/VCAM1 up-regulations. The findings indicate that the combined RNA interference may be a novel therapy for OSA-related endothelial dysfunction via regulating pro-/anti-oxidant imbalance or targeting miR-23a-IL6R-ICAM1/VCAM1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Che Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Yuan Hsu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Chang Su
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Lung Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mu Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ya Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Yong Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ping Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Chun Hsiao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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5
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Argueta DL, Brice KN, Wu-Chung EL, Chen MA, Lai VD, Paoletti-Hatcher J, Denny BT, Green C, Medina LD, Schulz P, Stinson J, Heijnen C, Fagundes CP. LPS-induced whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms in dementia spousal caregivers: The moderating effect of childhood trauma. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 168:107140. [PMID: 39032477 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Dementia spousal caregivers are at risk for adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and proinflammatory cytokine production may contribute to depressive symptoms among caregivers. People who report childhood trauma are more likely to have exaggerated stress responses that may also contribute to depressive symptoms in adulthood. This study aimed to test whether the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms is strongest in caregivers who report high levels of childhood trauma. METHODS A sample of 103 dementia spousal caregivers provided self-report data on demographics, health information, caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and depressive symptoms. We also determined lipopolysaccharide-induced whole-blood cytokine production as the primary measure of immune cell reactivity. We measured interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and converted z-scores of each cytokine into a composite panel. We regressed depressive symptoms on proinflammatory cytokine production, caregiver burden, and anticipatory grief, adjusting for demographic and health-related covariates. RESULTS Whole-blood cytokine production and childhood trauma were associated with depressive symptoms. Childhood trauma moderated the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms. Whole-blood cytokine production was only associated with depressive symptoms at mean and high levels of childhood trauma, but not at low levels of childhood trauma. The main effects of burden and anticipatory grief on depressive symptoms were strongest for caregivers reporting high levels of childhood trauma. DISCUSSION Childhood trauma has lasting impacts on psychosocial experiences later in life and has effects that may confer susceptibility to inflammation-related depression. Our findings contribute to ongoing efforts to identify risk factors for adverse mental health in dementia spousal caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly N Brice
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | | | | | - Vincent D Lai
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | | | - Bryan T Denny
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | - Charles Green
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA
| | - Luis D Medina
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA
| | - Paul Schulz
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA
| | | | - Cobi Heijnen
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Christopher P Fagundes
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
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6
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Li Q, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhao L. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for immunologic function after surgery in patients with gastrointestinal tumor: a meta-analysis. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:1001-1023. [PMID: 36994751 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2191090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
There is no consensus on whether transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation can be used to improve the immune function of postoperative patients with gastrointestinal tumors. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on postoperative immune function of patients with gastrointestinal tumor and provide evidence-based basis for clinical evaluation. The method used in this study is to systematically searched English databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Excerpta Medica Database (EMbase), Web of Science and Chinese databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP database and China Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed). Relevant registration platform named Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) was also searched. Manual search and document tracking are also performed. The aforementioned databases were retrieved for transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for immunologic function after surgery in patients with gastrointestinal tumor randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to 1 November 2022. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan5.4.1 software, and the evidence quality was evaluated using Cochrane risk bias evaluation form. In this study, a total of 18 trials with 1618 participants were analyzed. Only two studies were shown to be low risk. The results showed that there were significant differences in cellular immune and inflammatory factors and receptors, such as CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, NK, IL-6, TNF-α, sIL-2 R, IL-2 and CRP, had significant effects (P < 0.05) after TEAS intervention on gastrointestinal tumor; however, CD8+ (P = 0.07) and IL-10 (P = 0.26) did not. Judging from the current evidence, TEAS was found to improve the immune function of patients with gastrointestinal tumors after surgery and reduce the level of inflammatory response, worthy of clinical promotion and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Li
- Acupuncture and massage college, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linjia Wang
- Acupuncture and massage college, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Acupuncture and massage college, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Acupuncture and massage college, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Liu Z, Wang Q, Chi Y, Chen R, Zhao L, Liu Z, Zhai J, Li S, Han N, Yin J. Acovenosigenin A β-glucoside mediates JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway by targeting GP130 in A549 and H460 cells based on integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome and biological verification. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107633. [PMID: 39003941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Acovenosigenin A β-glucoside (AAG) is a cardiac glycoside derived from Streptocaulon juventas (Lour.) Merr, which exhibited the potential in treating lung cancer in our previous research. However, the action mechanism remains unclear. In this research, JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway was predicted to be the critical regulation pathway based on the integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome. Western blotting and qPCR assays were performed to identify that AAG can regulate JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway and its downstream genes, such as c-Myc, Survivin, Cyclin B1, CDK1, Bcl-2. And this action of AAG depended on the suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation through the experiments of Immunofluorescence, transient transfection and cryptotanshinone treatment. Additionally, AAG was discovered to mediate the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in IL-6-driven A549 and H460 cells, which in turn inhibited cell proliferation, promoted mitochondria-related apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle progression. By molecular docking analysis, CETSA and SIP experiments, the protein of GP130 was identified as the specific target of AAG in A549 and H460 cells. Further studies suggested that AAG inhibited JAK2-STAT3 pathway and its downstream genes by targeting GP130 in nude mice xenograft model in vivo. This research presented that AAG exhibits the promising potential in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yang Chi
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lichun Zhao
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jianxiu Zhai
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Sikai Li
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Na Han
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jun Yin
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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8
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Chen J, Qin M, Xiang X, Guo X, Nie L, Mao L. Lymphocytes in autoimmune encephalitis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic target. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106632. [PMID: 39117118 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by the production of various autoimmune antibodies targeting neuronal proteins. The pathogenesis of AE remains elusive. Accumulating evidence suggests that lymphocytes, particularly B and T lymphocytes, play an integral role in the development of AE. In the last two decades, autoimmune neural antibodies have taken center stage in diagnosing AE. Recently, increasing evidence has highlighted the importance of T lymphocytes in the onset of AE. CD4+ T cells are thought to influence disease progression by secreting associated cytokines, whereas CD8+ T cells exert a cytotoxic role, causing irreversible damage to neurons mainly in patients with paraneoplastic AE. Conventionally, the first-line treatments for AE include intravenous steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange to remove pathogenic autoantibodies. However, a minority of patients are insensitive to conventional first-line treatment protocols and suffer from disease relapse, a condition referred to as refractory AE. In recent years, new treatments, such as rituximab or CAAR-T, which target pathogenic lymphocytes in patients with AE, have offered new therapeutic options for refractory AE. This review aims to describe the current knowledge about the function of B and T lymphocytes in the pathophysiology of AE and to summarize and update the immunotherapy options for treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mengting Qin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xuying Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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9
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Zhang Z, Wang P, Xiong Q, Xu S, Kang D, He Z, Yao C, Jian G. Advancements in the study of IL-6 and its receptors in the pathogenesis of gout. Cytokine 2024; 182:156705. [PMID: 39053079 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Gout is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in or around the joints, primarily manifesting as inflammatory arthritis that recurs and resolves spontaneously. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a versatile cytokine with both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory capabilities, linked to a variety of inflammatory diseases such as gouty arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, vasculitis, and several types of cancer. The rapid production of IL-6 during infections and tissue damage aids in host defense. However, excessive synthesis of IL-6 and dysregulation of its receptor signaling (IL-6R) might contribute to the pathology of diseases. Recent advancements in clinical and basic research, along with developments in animal models, have established the significant role of IL-6 and its receptors in the pathogenesis of gout, although the precise mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. This review discusses the role of IL-6 and its receptors in gout progression and examines contemporary research on modulating IL-6 and its signaling pathways for treatment. It aims to provide insights into the pathogenesis of gout and to advance the development of targeted therapies for gout-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Zhang
- The Third People's Hospital of Suining City, Suining 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Xichong County People's Hospital, Nanchong 637200, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Xiong
- The Third People's Hospital of Suining City, Suining 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- The Third People's Hospital of Suining City, Suining 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Kang
- The Third People's Hospital of Suining City, Suining 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengguang He
- The Third People's Hospital of Suining City, Suining 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengjiao Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Bei Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guilin Jian
- The Third People's Hospital of Suining City, Suining 629000, Sichuan, China.
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10
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Xie F, Xu J, Yan L, Xiao X, Liu L. The AC010247.2/miR-125b-5p axis triggers the malignant progression of acute myelocytic leukemia by IL-6R. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37715. [PMID: 39315204 PMCID: PMC11417210 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
AML is a malignant tumor derived from the hematopoietic system, which has a poor prognosis and its incidence is increasing recent years. LncRNAs bind to miRNAs as competitive endogenous RNAs to regulate the occurrence and progression of AML, with IL-6R playing a crucial role in hematological malignancies. However, the mechanism by which noncoding RNAs regulate IL6R expression in AML remains unclear. This study found that the AC010247.2/miR-125b-5p axis promotes AML progression by regulating IL-6R expression. Specifically, knocking down or inhibiting AC010247.2 and miR-125b-5p affected IL6R and its downstream genes. Mechanistically, AC010247.2 acts as a ceRNA for miR-125b-5p, influencing IL-6R expression. Additionally, AC010247.2's regulation of AML progression partially depends on miR-125b-5p. Notably, the AC010247.2/miR-125b-5p/IL6R axis serves as a better polygenic diagnostic marker for AML. Our study identifies a key ceRNA regulatory axis that modulates IL6R expression in AML, providing a reliable multigene diagnostic method and potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xie
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Jialu Xu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Yan
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- Department of Emergency ICU, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Emergency ICU, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
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11
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Schultz IC, Dos Santos Pereira Andrade AC, Dubuc I, Laroche A, Allaeys I, Doré E, Bertrand N, Vallières L, Fradette J, Flamand L, Wink MR, Boilard E. Targeting Cytokines: Evaluating the Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Management of COVID-19. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10794-4. [PMID: 39340739 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10794-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by virus SARS-CoV-2, is characterized by massive inflammation and immune system imbalance. Despite the implementation of vaccination protocols, the accessibility of treatment remains uneven. Furthermore, the persistent threat of new variants underscores the urgent need for expanded research into therapeutic options for SARS-CoV-2. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their immunomodulatory potential through the release of molecules into the extracellular space, either as soluble elements or carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of EVs obtained from human adipose tissue (ASC-EVs) against SARS-CoV-2 infection. ASC-EVs were purified by size-exclusion chromatography, and co-culture assays confirmed that ASC-EVs were internalized by human lung cells and could colocalize with SARS-CoV-2 into early and late endosomes. To determine the functionality of ASC-EVs, lung cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of increasing concentrations of ASC-EVs, and the release of cytokines, chemokines and viruses were measured. While SARS-CoV-2 replication was significantly reduced only at the highest concentrations tested, multiplex analysis highlighted that lower concentrations of ASC-EV sufficed to prevent the production of immune modulators. Importantly, ASC-EVs did not contain detectable inflammatory cytokines, nor did they trigger inflammatory mediators, nor affect cellular viability. In conclusion, this work suggests that ASC-EVs have the potential to attenuate inflammation by decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung cells following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Carvalho Schultz
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Dos Santos Pereira Andrade
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Dubuc
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Audrée Laroche
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Allaeys
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Etienne Doré
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bertrand
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Luc Vallières
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Flamand
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marcia Rosangela Wink
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eric Boilard
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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12
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Chen HR, Sun Y, Mittler G, Rumpf T, Shvedunova M, Grosschedl R, Akhtar A. MOF-mediated PRDX1 acetylation regulates inflammatory macrophage activation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114682. [PMID: 39207899 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Signaling-dependent changes in protein phosphorylation are critical to enable coordination of transcription and metabolism during macrophage activation. However, the role of acetylation in signal transduction during macrophage activation remains obscure. Here, we identify the redox signaling regulator peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) as a substrate of the lysine acetyltransferase MOF. MOF acetylates PRDX1 at lysine 197, preventing hyperoxidation and thus maintaining its activity under stress. PRDX1 K197ac responds to inflammatory signals, decreasing rapidly in mouse macrophages stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) but not with interleukin (IL)-4 or IL-10. The LPS-induced decrease of PRDX1 K197ac elevates cellular hydrogen peroxide accumulation and augments ERK1/2, but not p38 or AKT, phosphorylation. Concomitantly, diminished PRDX1 K197ac stimulates glycolysis, potentiates H3 serine 28 phosphorylation, and ultimately enhances the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-6. Our work reveals a regulatory role for redox protein acetylation in signal transduction and coordinating metabolic and transcriptional programs during inflammatory macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ru Chen
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Yidan Sun
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Mittler
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Rumpf
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Maria Shvedunova
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Grosschedl
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Asifa Akhtar
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
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13
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Strobl S, Zucchetta D, Vašíček T, Monti A, Ruda A, Widmalm G, Heine H, Zamyatina A. Nonreducing Sugar Scaffold Enables the Development of Immunomodulatory TLR4-specific LPS Mimetics with Picomolar Potency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408421. [PMID: 38870340 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Innate immune defense mechanisms against infection and cancer encompass the modulation of pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-mediated inflammation, including upregulation of various transcription factors and the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways important for immune surveillance. Dysfunction of PRRs-mediated signaling has been implicated in cancer and autoimmune diseases, while the overactivation of PRRs-driven responses during infection can lead to devastating consequences such as acute lung injury or sepsis. We used crystal structure-based design to develop immunomodulatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mimetics targeting one of the ubiquitous PRRs, Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4). Taking advantage of an exo-anomeric conformation and specific molecular shape of synthetic nonreducing β,β-diglucosamine, which was investigated by NMR, we developed two sets of lipid A mimicking glycolipids capable of either potently activating innate immune responses or inhibiting pro-inflammatory signaling. Stereoselective 1,1'-glycosylation towards fully orthogonally protected nonreducing GlcNβ(1↔1')βGlcN followed by stepwise assembly of differently functionalised phosphorylated glycolipids provided biologically active molecules that were evaluated for their ability to trigger or to inhibit cellular innate immune responses. Two LPS mimetics, identified as potent TLR4-specific inducers of the intracellular signaling pathways, serve as vaccine adjuvant- and immunotherapy candidates, while anionic glycolipids with TLR4-inhibitory potential hold therapeutic promise for the management of acute or chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Strobl
- Department of Chemistry, BOKU University, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Daniele Zucchetta
- Department of Chemistry, BOKU University, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Tomáš Vašíček
- Department of Chemistry, BOKU University, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Alessandro Monti
- Department of Chemistry, BOKU University, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Alessandro Ruda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Widmalm
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Holger Heine
- Research Group Innate Immunity, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Parkallee 22, Borstel, 23845, Germany
| | - Alla Zamyatina
- Department of Chemistry, BOKU University, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
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14
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Liu K, Kong L, Cui H, Zhang L, Xin Q, Zhuang Y, Guo C, Yao Y, Tao J, Gu X, Jiang C, Wu J. Thymosin α1 reverses oncolytic adenovirus-induced M2 polarization of macrophages to improve antitumor immunity and therapeutic efficacy. Cell Rep Med 2024:101751. [PMID: 39357524 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Although oncolytic adenoviruses are widely studied for their direct oncolytic activity and immunomodulatory role in cancer immunotherapy, the immunosuppressive feedback loop induced by oncolytic adenoviruses remains to be studied. Here, we demonstrate that type V adenovirus (ADV) induces the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to the M2 phenotype and increases the infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). By selectively compensating for these deficiencies, thymosin alpha 1 (Tα1) reprograms "M2-like" TAMs toward an antitumoral phenotype, thereby reprogramming the TME into a state more beneficial for antitumor immunity. Moreover, ADVTα1 is constructed by harnessing the merits of all the components for the aforementioned combinatorial therapy. Both exogenously supplied and adenovirus-produced Tα1 orchestrate TAM reprogramming and enhance the antitumor efficacy of ADV via CD8+ T cells, showing promising prospects for clinical translation. Our findings provide inspiration for improving oncolytic adenovirus combination therapy and designing oncolytic engineered adenoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lingkai Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huawei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Louqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qilei Xin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ciliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yongzhong Yao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jinqiu Tao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan, China.
| | - Chunping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China; Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan, China.
| | - Junhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China; Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan, China.
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15
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Ou G, Cai H, Yao K, Qiu Z, Yang Y, Chen Y, Chen X. Exploring the therapeutic potential of interleukin-6 receptor blockade in cardiovascular disease treatment through Mendelian randomization. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21452. [PMID: 39271913 PMCID: PMC11399143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) blockade has emerged as a promising therapeutic option. However, their specific therapeutic effects in different types of CVDs remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of IL-6R blockade in the management of various CVDs, including hypertension (HTN), coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), atrial fibrillation (AF), and heart failure (HF). The Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was utilized to investigate the therapeutic impact of IL-6R blockade on HTN, CHD, MI, AF, and HF based on the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out analysis were used for sensitivity analysis to verify the reliability of the MR results. The Bonferroni method was used to correct for bias caused by multiple comparisons. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) results demonstrated that IL-6R blockade significantly influenced CHD (odds ratio (OR) = 0.757, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.690 - 0.832, P = 5.804 × 10-9) and MI (OR = 0.840, 95% CI: 0.744 - 0.949, P = 0.005). However, IL-6R blockade had no significant effect on HTN (OR = 1.015, 95% CI: 0.950 - 1.084, P = 0.663), AF (OR = 0.905, 95% CI: 0.800 - 1.025, P = 0.116) and HF (OR = 1.012, 95% CI: 0.921 - 1.113, P = 0.805). Genetically predicted IL-6R blockade was associated with a protective effect on CHD and MI, but not HTN, AF and HF. This study's findings offer valuable insights for tailoring IL-6R blockade treatment for different types of CVD, and serve as a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Ou
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Huzhi Cai
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Kunpeng Yao
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Zerui Qiu
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Yaowu Chen
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China.
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16
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Lu S, Di John Portela I, Martino N, Bossardi Ramos R, Salinero AE, Smith RM, Zuloaga KL, Adam AP. A transient brain endothelial translatome response to endotoxin is associated with mild cognitive changes post-shock in young mice. Neuroscience 2024; 555:194-204. [PMID: 39067684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is associated with increased risk of long-term cognitive impairment. SAE is driven, at least in part, by brain endothelial dysfunction in response to systemic cytokine signaling. However, the mechanisms driving SAE and its consequences remain largely unknown. Here, we performed translating ribosome affinity purification and RNA-sequencing (TRAP-seq) from the brain endothelium to determine the transcriptional changes after an acute endotoxemic (LPS) challenge. LPS induced a strong acute transcriptional response in the brain endothelium that partially correlates with the whole brain transcriptional response and suggested an endothelial-specific hypoxia response. Consistent with a crucial role for IL-6, loss of the main regulator of this pathway, SOCS3, leads to a broadening of the population of genes responsive to LPS, suggesting that an overactivation of the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway leads to an increased transcriptional response that could explain our prior findings of severe brain injury in these mice. To identify any potential sequelae of this acute response, we performed brain TRAP-seq following a battery of behavioral tests in mice after apparent recovery. We found that the transcriptional response returns to baseline within days post-challenge, but reductions in gene expression regulating protein translation and respiratory electron transport remained. We observed that mice that recovered from the endotoxemic shock showed mild, sex-dependent cognitive impairment, suggesting that the acute brain injury led to sustained effects. A better understanding of the transcriptional and non-transcriptional changes in response to shock is needed in order to prevent and/or revert the devastating consequences of septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, United States
| | - Iria Di John Portela
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, United States
| | - Nina Martino
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, United States
| | - Ramon Bossardi Ramos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, United States
| | - Abigail E Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, United States
| | - Rachel M Smith
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, United States
| | - Kristen L Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, United States
| | - Alejandro P Adam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, United States.
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17
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Su M, Chen L, Xie L, Fleurie A, Jonquieres R, Cao Q, Li B, Liang J, Tang Y. Identification of early predictive biomarkers for severe cytokine release syndrome in pediatric patients with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1450173. [PMID: 39328408 PMCID: PMC11424402 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1450173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
CAR-T cell therapy is a revolutionary new treatment for hematological malignancies, but it can also result in significant adverse effects, with cytokine release syndrome (CRS) being the most common and potentially life-threatening. The identification of biomarkers to predict the severity of CRS is crucial to ensure the safety and efficacy of CAR-T therapy. To achieve this goal, we characterized the expression profiles of seven cytokines, four conventional biochemical markers, and five hematological markers prior to and following CAR-T cell infusion. Our results revealed that IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 are the key cytokines for predicting severe CRS (sCRS). Notably, IL-2 levels rise at an earlier stage of sCRS and have the potential to serve as the most effective cytokine for promptly detecting the condition's onset. Furthermore, combining these cytokine biomarkers with hematological factors such as lymphocyte counts can further enhance their predictive performance. Finally, a predictive tree model including lymphocyte counts, IL-2, and IL-6 achieved an accuracy of 85.11% (95% CI = 0.763-0.916) for early prediction of sCRS. The model was validated in an independent cohort and achieved an accuracy of 74.47% (95% CI = 0.597-0.861). This new prediction model has the potential to become an effective tool for assessing the risk of CRS in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Su
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luoquan Chen
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center-bioMérieux Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- bioMérieux (Shanghai) Company Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xie
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center-bioMérieux Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- bioMérieux (Shanghai) Company Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Aurore Fleurie
- Open Innovation & Partnerships Department, bioMérieux SA, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | - Renaud Jonquieres
- Open Innovation & Partnerships Department, bioMérieux SA, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | - Qing Cao
- Infectious Disease Department, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Benshang Li
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Liang
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center-bioMérieux Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- bioMérieux (Shanghai) Company Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjing Tang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Li F, Sun X, Gao X, Zhao S, Tavakoli S, Du Z, Wei Y. Anti-colorectal cancer activity of mannatide from spent brewer's yeast by regulating immune cells and immune function in the tumor microenvironment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135531. [PMID: 39270895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are generally accompanied by adverse effects, which reduce tolerance to cancer therapies. Immunonutrition improves the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. Hence, natural immunomodulator is therefore considered as a favorable alternative. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) effect of mannatide (MTE) from the immunostimulatory perspective. MTE (concentrations≥1200 μg/mL) significantly inhibited HT-29 cells viabilities compared with the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group and all predetermined concentrations of MTE promoted the proliferation of RAW264.7 (p < 0.01). Moreover, MTE treatment suppressed tumor growth, decreased leukocyte and platelet count, and regulated immune organ indexes compared with the model group. In comparison of Model and 5-FU groups, MTE treatment reshaped tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from alternatively activated macrophages (M2)-like into classical activated macrophages (M1)-like phenotype. Also, it increased the proportion of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells accompanied by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, interleukin (IL)-6, arginine (Arg)-1, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2) to reduce immunosuppression. Moreover, MTE-administrated alleviated intestinal mucositis and improved the prognostic indexes compared with the 5-FU group. Notably, the ability of low-dose MTE to regulate immune cells and the function of the tumor microenvironment was higher than that of high-dose. Generally, MTE as an immunomodulator presents great potential to strengthen anti-CRC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Shandong Luhua Group Co., Ltd., Laiyang 265200, China
| | - Xiaopeng Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Samad Tavakoli
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zubo Du
- Shandong Luhua Group Co., Ltd., Laiyang 265200, China.
| | - Yuxi Wei
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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19
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Hung CH, Wu SY, Yao CID, Yeh HH, Lin CC, Chu CY, Huang TY, Shen MR, Lin CH, Su WC. Defective N-glycosylation of IL6 induces metastasis and tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in lung cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7885. [PMID: 39251588 PMCID: PMC11385228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51831-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The IL6-GP130-STAT3 pathway facilitates lung cancer progression and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Although glycosylation alters the stability of GP130, its effect on the ligand IL6 remains unclear. We herein find that N-glycosylated IL6, especially at Asn73, primarily stimulates JAK-STAT3 signaling and prolongs STAT3 phosphorylation, whereas N-glycosylation-defective IL6 (deNG-IL6) induces shortened STAT3 activation and alters the downstream signaling preference for the SRC-YAP-SOX2 axis. This signaling shift induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo, which are suppressed by targeted inhibitors and shRNAs against SRC, YAP, and SOX2. Osimertinib-resistant lung cancer cells secrete a large amount of deNG-IL6 through reduced N-glycosyltransferase gene expression, leading to clear SRC-YAP activation. deNG-IL6 contributes to drug resistance, as confirmed by in silico analysis of cellular and clinical transcriptomes and signal expression in patient specimens. Therefore, the N-glycosylation status of IL6 not only affects cell behaviors but also shows promise in monitoring the dynamics of lung cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Hung
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yin Wu
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsuan-Heng Yeh
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yao Chu
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ru Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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20
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Jiang H, Fu X, Zhao G, Du X, Georgesen C, Thiele GM, Goldring SR, Wang D. Intradermal Injection of a Thermoresponsive Polymeric Dexamethasone Prodrug (ProGel-Dex) Ameliorate Dermatitis in an Imiquimod (IMQ)-Induced Psoriasis-like Mouse Model. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 39224912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, affecting ∼ 3% of the US population. Although multiple new systemic therapies have been introduced for the treatment of psoriatic skin disease, topical and intralesional glucocorticoids (GCs) continue to be used as effective psoriasis therapies. Their clinical utility, however, has been hampered by significant adverse effects, including skin atrophy and pigmentation as well as elevated blood glucose levels and hypertension. To mitigate these limitations, we have developed a N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-based thermoresponsive dexamethasone (Dex) prodrug (ProGel-Dex) and assessed its therapeutic efficacy and safety in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like (PL) mouse model. ProGel-Dex was intradermally administered once at three dosing levels: 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg/day Dex equivalent at the beginning of the study. PL mice were also treated with daily topical saline or Dex, which were used as control groups. Treatment of PL mice with ProGel-Dex dosed at 0.5 mg/kg/day resulted in a significant reduction in scaling and erythema. Improvement in gross pathology scores, skin histological scores, and serum cytokine levels was also observed. Interestingly, for mice treated with ProGel-Dex at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg/day Dex equivalent, only improvement in skin erythema was observed. GC-associated side effects, such as elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and amylase levels and body weight loss, were not observed in mice treated with ProGel-Dex at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg/day Dex equivalent. Collectively, these results demonstrate the efficacy and improved safety of ProGel-Dex in treating psoriatic skin lesions when compared to topical Dex treatment, supporting its translational potential for clinical management of lesional skin psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Gang Zhao
- Ensign Pharmaceutical, Inc., Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Xiaoqing Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Corey Georgesen
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Geoffrey M Thiele
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska 68105, United States
| | - Steven R Goldring
- Ensign Pharmaceutical, Inc., Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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21
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Yin J, Chen J, Wang T, Sun H, Yan Y, Zhu C, Huang L, Chen Z. Coinhibitory Molecule VISTA Play an Important Negative Regulatory Role in the Immunopathology of Bronchial Asthma. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:813-832. [PMID: 39246611 PMCID: PMC11378793 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s449867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the significance of VISTA in bronchial asthma and its impact on the disease. Methods Human peripheral blood of asthma children was gathered. The expression concentrations of VISTA, IL-4, IL-6, CD25, CD40L, and PD-L2 in peripheral blood plasma were detected by ELISA. We established the mouse model of asthma and intervened with agonistic anti-VISTA mAb (4C11) and VISTA fusion protein. ELISA, flow cytometry, and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell subsets and related characteristic cytokines, as well as the protein levels of MAPKs, NF-κB, and TRAF6 in lung tissues. In addition, the infiltration of eosinophils and inflammatory cells, airway mucus secretion, and VISTA protein expression in lung histopathological sections of different groups of mice were analyzed. Results The concentration of VISTA in human asthma group decreased significantly (p < 0.05); A positive correlation was observed between VISTA and CD40L. The intervention of 4C11 mAb and fusion protein respectively during the induction period increase the differentiation of Th1 cells and the secretion of IFN-γ, and inhibit the differentiation of Th2 and Th17 cells, as well as the secretion of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-17, partially reduce the pathological changes of asthma in mouse lungs and correct the progress of asthma. The MAPK, NF-κB, and TRAF6 protein levels were the middle range in the 4C11 mAb and fusion protein groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion The findings suggest VISTA may play a negative regulatory role in the occurrence and development of bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqun Yin
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiming Sun
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Yan
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Canhong Zhu
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengrong Chen
- Respiratory Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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22
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Han SH, Ockerman K, Kirchmier M, Mardourian M, Bryan J, Cox E, Chim H, Spiguel L, Momeni A, Sorice-Virk S. Thrombotic Consequences of COVID-19 Infection on Microsurgical Reconstruction. Microsurgery 2024; 44:e31219. [PMID: 39207212 DOI: 10.1002/micr.31219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has shown increased morbidity and mortality for patients with COVID-19 infection within 7 weeks of surgery. However, no studies have specifically investigated the effects of COVID-19 in microsurgical outcomes. This study evaluated thrombotic and overall complications after free tissue transfer for a variety of indications in patients with and without previous COVID-19 infection. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed in adult patients with or without a history of COVID-19 infection who underwent microsurgical reconstruction between 2017 and 2022. Patients with a history of COVID-19 infection were matched to controls based on age, gender, race, body mass index, history of diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertension, Caprini score, tobacco use, and flap indication. RESULTS From 2017 to 2022, 35 patients had a documented history of COVID-19. Matched case analysis determined a 4.8 times increased odds ratio of postoperative complications in the COVID-19 group compared with controls (p = 0.002). Significantly, more patients with COVID-19 experienced total or partial flap loss and anastomotic issues (COVID-19: 7/35, Control: 0/35; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in incidence of VTE (COVID-19: 1/35, Control: 0/35; p = 0.493). Of note, 62.9% of the COVID-19 group were discharged on anticoagulants (versus 14.3% in the control group [p < 0.001]). CONCLUSION COVID-19 has dire, long-lasting effects on virtually every organ system, chief among them, the microcirculation. Further studies are needed to fully determine the extent and influence of COVID-19 on complex procedures such as free tissue transfer and how to optimize the screening, workup, and postoperative care to guard against the associated thrombotic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina H Han
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kyle Ockerman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Matthew Kirchmier
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Markos Mardourian
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jaimie Bryan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Cox
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Harvey Chim
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lisa Spiguel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Arash Momeni
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Sarah Sorice-Virk
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
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23
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Ortiz G, Blanco T, Singh RB, Kahale F, Wang S, Chen Y, Dana R. IL-6 induces Treg dysfunction in desiccating stress-induced dry eye disease. Exp Eye Res 2024; 246:110006. [PMID: 39009059 PMCID: PMC11332651 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis, and their dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disorders, including dry eye disease (DED). Treg dysfunction in DED allows T-helper cell 17 (Th17) mediated chronic inflammation at the ocular surface. In this study, the factors causing Treg dysfunction in DED were investigated. We observed reduced expression of Treg functional markers - FoxP3, CD25, and CTLA-4 in the cells isolated from DED mice (DED Tregs). Additionally, DED Tregs showed increased expression levels of receptors for pro-inflammatory cytokine receptors, namely IL-6R, IL-17RA, and IL-23R. An increased expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokine receptors was observed on exposing Tregs isolated from naïve mice (NTregs) to IL-6 or IL-17, but not IL-23, with a concomitant downregulation of FoxP3, CD25, and CTLA-4 in these cells. Furthermore, among these cytokines, IL-6 induced the most pronounced loss of Treg mediated suppression of Th17 proliferation and IL-10 secretion. In vitro and in vivo blockade of IL-6 effectively restored function in DED Tregs, leading to enhanced suppressive function against proliferating Th17 cells and ameliorating disease severity. In conclusion, this study provides insights into mechanisms of Treg dysregulation in DED, specifically delineating the effect of Th17-associated cytokines, with IL-6 emerging as the critical factor inducing Treg dysfunctionality. These findings highlight the potential for developing novel therapeutic interventions for DED through restoration of immunosuppressive function of Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ortiz
- Laboratory of Ocular Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomas Blanco
- Laboratory of Ocular Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohan Bir Singh
- Laboratory of Ocular Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca Kahale
- Laboratory of Ocular Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shudan Wang
- Laboratory of Ocular Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yihe Chen
- Laboratory of Ocular Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Laboratory of Ocular Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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24
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Agca S, Kir S. The role of interleukin-6 family cytokines in cancer cachexia. FEBS J 2024; 291:4009-4023. [PMID: 38975832 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Cachexia is a wasting syndrome that manifests in more than half of all cancer patients. Cancer-associated cachexia negatively influences the survival of patients and their quality of life. It is characterized by a rapid loss of adipose and skeletal muscle tissues, which is partly mediated by inflammatory cytokines. Here, we explored the crucial roles of interleukin-6 (IL-6) family cytokines, including IL-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin M, in the development of cancer cachexia. These cytokines have been shown to exacerbate cachexia by promoting the wasting of adipose and muscle tissues, activating mechanisms that enhance lipolysis and proteolysis. Overlapping effects of the IL-6 family cytokines depend on janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling. We argue that the blockade of these cytokine pathways individually may fail due to redundancy and future therapeutic approaches should target common downstream elements to yield effective clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samet Agca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Das A, Pathak S, Premkumar M, Sarpparajan CV, Balaji ER, Duttaroy AK, Banerjee A. A brief overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its management strategies: a recent update. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:2195-2215. [PMID: 37742314 PMCID: PMC11371863 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global health crisis, inflicting substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. A diverse range of symptoms, including fever, cough, dyspnea, and fatigue, characterizes COVID-19. A cytokine surge can exacerbate the disease's severity. This phenomenon involves an increased immune response, marked by the excessive release of inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IFNγ, leading to tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Efforts to reduce the cytokine surge and its associated complications have garnered significant attention. Standardized management protocols have incorporated treatment strategies, with corticosteroids, chloroquine, and intravenous immunoglobulin taking the forefront. The recent therapeutic intervention has also assisted in novel strategies like repurposing existing medications and the utilization of in vitro drug screening methods to choose effective molecules against viral infections. Beyond acute management, the significance of comprehensive post-COVID-19 management strategies, like remedial measures including nutritional guidance, multidisciplinary care, and follow-up, has become increasingly evident. As the understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis deepens, it is becoming increasingly evident that a tailored approach to therapy is imperative. This review focuses on effective treatment measures aimed at mitigating COVID-19 severity and highlights the significance of comprehensive COVID-19 management strategies that show promise in the battle against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakesh Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Madhavi Premkumar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Chitra Veena Sarpparajan
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Esther Raichel Balaji
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
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26
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Ansari AW, Ahmad F, Alam MA, Raheed T, Zaqout A, Al-Maslamani M, Ahmad A, Buddenkotte J, Al-Khal A, Steinhoff M. Virus-Induced Host Chemokine CCL2 in COVID-19 Pathogenesis: Potential Prognostic Marker and Target of Anti-Inflammatory Strategy. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2578. [PMID: 39192485 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
A wide variety of inflammatory mediators, mainly cytokines and chemokines, are induced during SARS CoV-2 infection. Among these proinflammatory mediators, chemokines tend to play a pivotal role in virus-mediated immunopathology. The C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine and strong chemoattractant of monocytes, macrophages and CD4+ T cells bearing C-C chemokine receptor type-2 (CCR2). Besides controlling immune cell trafficking, CCL2 is also involved in multiple pathophysiological processes including systemic hyperinflammation associated cytokine release syndrome (CRS), organ fibrosis and blood coagulation. These pathological features are commonly manifested in severe and fatal cases of COVID-19. Given the crucial role of CCL2 in COVID-19 pathogenesis, the CCL2:CCR2 axis may constitute a potential therapeutic target to control virus-induced hyperinflammation and multi-organ dysfunction. Herein we describe recent advances on elucidating the role of CCL2 in COVID-19 pathogenesis, prognosis, and a potential target of anti-inflammatory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wahid Ansari
- Dermatology Institute, Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Dermatology Institute, Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Majid Ali Alam
- Dermatology Institute, Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thesni Raheed
- Dermatology Institute, Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Zaqout
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Communicable Diseases Centre, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muna Al-Maslamani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Communicable Diseases Centre, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Dermatology Institute, Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Dermatology Institute, Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdullatif Al-Khal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Communicable Diseases Centre, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Dermatology Institute, Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology, Weill Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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MacGregor F, Oprey A, Caulfield C, MacTavish P, Lowrie R, Henderson P. Does timing of tocilizumab administration affect mortality in COVID-19? A Scottish multicentre retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open Respir Res 2024; 11:e002264. [PMID: 39214629 PMCID: PMC11367351 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal timing of tocilizumab treatment during the disease course of COVID-19 has yet to be adequately defined in the context of randomised controlled trials and the effect of tocilizumab on real-world populations remains unclear. We examined the effect of different timing of tocilizumab, on mortality, in a cohort of adults with COVID-19. METHODS All adults (≥18 years old) with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to four hospitals in the West of Scotland between 8 January 2021 and 31 March 2021 and who received tocilizumab were included in a retrospective observational cohort study. Patients were assigned to either an early (day of admission or first day after admission) or late (days 2-7 of admission) cohort based on tocilizumab initiation. The primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality in early versus late cohorts. Secondary outcomes were 28 and 180-day all-cause mortality. RESULTS 203 patients were included in the analysis (138 in the early cohort, 65 in the late cohort). Mortality in 90 days in the early cohort was 22% (n=30) compared with 45% (n=29) in the late cohort (p<0.001). The adjusted mortality was significantly higher in the late cohort compared with the early cohort (adjusted OR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.29 to 8.54; p=0.012). The secondary outcomes demonstrated the same effect with higher rates of death in 28 days (late cohort adjusted OR: 3.28; 95% CI: 1.23 to 8.75; p=0.018) and 180 days (late cohort adjusted OR: 3.70; 95% CI: 1.45 to 9.45; p=0.006). The effect was seen whether the outcome was adjusted or unadjusted. CONCLUSION Early administration of tocilizumab within the first 2 days of hospitalisation was associated with a significant survival benefit compared with late exposure. Late administration was associated with particularly high mortality. The observed association may be a result of residual confounders and further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona MacGregor
- Royal Alexandra Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alison Oprey
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Carolyn Caulfield
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pamela MacTavish
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard Lowrie
- Pharmacy Services, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Philip Henderson
- Royal Alexandra Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
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28
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Frye C, Cunningham CL, Mihailescu MR. Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Genome 3'-Untranslated Region Interactions with Host MicroRNAs. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:36148-36164. [PMID: 39220490 PMCID: PMC11360049 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The 2019 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has marked the spread of a novel human coronavirus. SARS-CoV-2 has exhibited increased disease severity and immune evasion across its variants, and the molecular mechanisms behind these phenomena remain largely unknown. Conserved elements of the viral genome, such as secondary structures within the 3'-untranslated region (UTR), could prove crucial in furthering our understanding of the host-virus interface. Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome 3'-UTR revealed the potential for host microRNA (miR) binding sites, allowing for sequence-specific interactions. In this study, we demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 genome 3'-UTR binds the host cellular miRs miR-34a-5p, miR-34b-5p, and miR-760-3p in vitro. Native gel electrophoresis and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy were utilized to biophysically characterize the binding of these miRs to their predicted sites within the SARS-CoV-2 genome 3'-UTR. Additionally, we investigated 2'-fluoro-d-arabinonucleic acid (FANA) analogs as competitive binding inhibitors for these interactions. These miRs modulate the translation of granulin (GRN), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), all of which are key modulators and activators of JAK/STAT3 signaling and are implicated in regulation of the immune response. Thus, we propose that hijacking of these miRs by SARS-CoV-2 could identify a mechanism of host immune modulation by the virus. The mechanisms detailed in this study have the potential to drive the development of antiviral treatments for SARS-CoV-2, through direct targeting of the virus-host interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb
J. Frye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Caylee L. Cunningham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Mihaela Rita Mihailescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
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29
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Locke FL, Neelapu SS, Bartlett NL, Lekakis LJ, Jacobson CA, Braunschweig I, Oluwole OO, Siddiqi T, Lin Y, Timmerman JM, Kersten MJ, Zheng Y, Zhang T, Nater J, Shen R, Miao H, Kim JJ, Miklos DB. Tocilizumab Prophylaxis Following Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Transplant Cell Ther 2024:S2666-6367(24)00619-5. [PMID: 39187161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy approved in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). Most patients treated with axi-cel experience cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and/or adverse neurologic events (NEs). To explore potential approaches for reducing CAR T-cell-related toxicities with axi-cel, several safety expansion cohorts were added to the pivotal ZUMA-1 trial. ZUMA-1 Cohort 3 was an exploratory safety cohort that investigated the use of the IL-6 receptor blocking antibody tocilizumab and anticonvulsant levetiracetam as prophylaxis against CRS and NEs in patients treated with axi-cel. Patients with R/R LBCL were enrolled in Cohort 3 and received conditioning chemotherapy on d- 5 through -3 followed by a single infusion of axi-cel (2 × 106 cells/kg) on d 0. Prophylactic tocilizumab (8 mg/kg) was administered 48 h after axi-cel infusion. Primary endpoints were incidence and severity of CRS and NEs. Key secondary endpoints included the incidence of adverse events, objective response rate (ORR), duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), and biomarker analyses (eg, circulating CAR T cells, cytokines, chemokines). Forty-two patients were enrolled in Cohort 3, 38 of whom received axi-cel. In the 24-month analysis, any-grade CRS and NEs occurred in 92% and 87% of patients, and Grade ≥3 CRS and NEs occurred in 3% and 42% of patients, respectively. One Grade 5 NE (cerebral edema) occurred. With 24-mo minimum follow-up, the ORR was 63%, and 39.5% of patients had ongoing response. With 48-month follow-up, median OS was 34.8 mo (95% CI, 5.4-not estimable). CAR T-cell expansion in ZUMA-1 Cohort 3 was comparable with pivotal Cohorts 1 and 2. Consistent with tocilizumab-mediated inhibition of IL-6R, serum IL-6 levels were increased relative to Cohorts 1 and 2. Grade ≥3 NEs were associated with elevated IL-6 levels, proinflammatory cytokines, and myeloid cells in the cerebrospinal fluid. Based on these findings, prophylactic tocilizumab is not recommended to prevent CAR T-cell-related adverse events, and beneficial effects of prophylactic levetiracetam remain uncertain in patients with R/R LBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lazaros J Lekakis
- University of Miami Health System, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Ira Braunschweig
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Tanya Siddiqi
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Yi Lin
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Marie José Kersten
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands, on behalf of HOVON/LLPC
| | - Yan Zheng
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Teresa Zhang
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Jenny Nater
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Rhine Shen
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Harry Miao
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Jenny J Kim
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - David B Miklos
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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30
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Simon-Szabó L, Lizák B, Sturm G, Somogyi A, Takács I, Németh Z. Molecular Aspects in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes and Possible Preventive and Complementary Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9113. [PMID: 39201799 PMCID: PMC11354764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is increasing sharply worldwide. To reverse this, more effective approaches in prevention and treatment are needed. In our review, we sought to summarize normal insulin action and the pathways that primarily influence the development of T2DM. Normal insulin action involves mitogenic and metabolic pathways, as both are important in normal metabolic processes, regeneration, etc. However, through excess energy, both can be hyperactive or attenuated/inactive leading to disturbances in the cellular and systemic regulation with the consequence of cellular stress and systemic inflammation. In this review, we detailed the beneficial molecular changes caused by some important components of nutrition and by exercise, which act in the same molecular targets as the developed drugs, and can revert the damaged pathways. Moreover, these induce entire networks of regulatory mechanisms and proteins to restore unbalanced homeostasis, proving their effectiveness as preventive and complementary therapies. These are the main steps for success in prevention and treatment of developed diseases to rid the body of excess energy, both from stored fats and from overnutrition, while facilitating fat burning with adequate, regular exercise in healthy people, and together with necessary drug treatment as required in patients with insulin resistance and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Simon-Szabó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.S.-S.); (B.L.)
| | - Beáta Lizák
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.S.-S.); (B.L.)
| | - Gábor Sturm
- Directorate of Information Technology Basic Infrastructure and Advanced Applications, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 78/b, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Anikó Somogyi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Baross u., 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - István Takács
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zsuzsanna Németh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
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31
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Chuang HH, Huang CG, Hsu JF, Chuang LP, Huang YS, Li HY, Lee LA. Weight Status, Autonomic Function, and Systemic Inflammation in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8951. [PMID: 39201638 PMCID: PMC11354383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) frequently experience chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, with the inflammasome playing a central role in OSA. This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between weight status, autonomic function, and systemic inflammation in a cohort of 55 children with OSA, predominantly boys (78%) with an average age of 7.4 ± 2.2 years and an apnea-hypopnea index of 14.12 ± 17.05 events/hour. Measurements were taken of body mass index (BMI), sleep heart-rate variability, morning circulatory levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, anthropometry, and polysomnography. Multiple linear regression modeling showed that an apnea-hypopnea index was significantly associated with BMI, the standard deviation of successive differences between normal-to-normal intervals during N3 sleep, and the proportion of normal-to-normal interval pairs differing by more than 50 ms during rapid-eye-movement sleep. A moderated mediation model revealed that interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels mediated the association between BMI and interleukin-6 levels, with sympathovagal balance during N3 sleep and minimum blood oxygen saturation further moderating these relationships. This study highlights the complex relationships between BMI, polysomnographic parameters, sleep heart-rate-variability metrics, and inflammatory markers in children with OSA, underlining the importance of weight management in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Chuang
- Department of Family Medicine, Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei and Linkou Branches, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (Y.-S.H.); (H.-Y.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Community Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Guei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Fu Hsu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (Y.-S.H.); (H.-Y.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Li-Pang Chuang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (Y.-S.H.); (H.-Y.L.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (Y.-S.H.); (H.-Y.L.)
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yu Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (Y.-S.H.); (H.-Y.L.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (Y.-S.H.); (H.-Y.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
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32
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Elnagi EA, Al-Maqati TN, Maawadh RM, AlBahrani S, Al Khalaf FS, Alzahrani FM, Nazzal W, Alanazi M, Abdali AS, Al Atawi AS, Al-Jamea LH, Alshehri AM, ALshammari AA, Suliman RS, Al Bassam I. A Retrospective Study: Evaluating the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Inflammatory Markers in Hospitalized Patients. Infect Dis Rep 2024; 16:735-749. [PMID: 39195007 DOI: 10.3390/idr16040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact globally, and understanding the relationship between inflammatory markers and disease progression is crucial for effective management. This retrospective study aimed to examine the association between various inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, ferritin, and procalcitonin (PCT), and the characteristics of disease progression and outcomes in individuals affected by COVID-19. METHODS This study collected raw data from 470 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR. RESULTS The logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated LDH levels were associated with male gender, ICU admission, low oxygen saturation (O2 < 93%), the need for mechanical ventilation, death, and the presence of lung infiltrates. Higher D-dimer levels were associated with older age, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, and low oxygen saturation. Ferritin levels were significantly associated with older age, ICU admission, low oxygen saturation, mechanical ventilation, and lung infiltrates. In contrast, CRP was only significant regarding lung infiltrates and procalcitonin levels were not significantly associated with any of the examined factors. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance of monitoring key inflammatory markers, such as LDH, D-dimer, and ferritin, as they are significantly associated with the severity of COVID-19 illness. These findings can inform clinical decision-making and guide the development of targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmoeiz A Elnagi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thekra N Al-Maqati
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan M Maawadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma AlBahrani
- Internal Medicine Department, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Salem Al Khalaf
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Nazzal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alanazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam 32253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Abdali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Saleh Al Atawi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamiaa H Al-Jamea
- Department of Medical Laboratory, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Awad ALshammari
- Department of Medical Laboratory, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Saad Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al Bassam
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Youn JK, Lee HR, Ko D, Kim HY. Attenuation of esophageal anastomotic stricture through remote ischemic conditioning in a rat model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18481. [PMID: 39122787 PMCID: PMC11315918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69386-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anastomotic stricture is a typical complication of esophageal atresia surgery. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has demonstrated multiorgan benefits, however, its efficacy in the esophagus remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether applying RIC after esophageal resection and anastomosis in rats could attenuate esophageal stricture and improve inflammation. Sixty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were categorized into the following groups: controls with no surgery, resection and anastomosis only, resection and anastomosis with RIC once, and resection and anastomosis with RIC twice. RIC included three cycles of hind-limb ischemia followed by reperfusion. Inflammatory markers associated with the interleukin 6/Janus kinase/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (IL-6/JAK/STAT3) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha/nuclear factor-κB (TNF-α/NF-kB) signaling pathways were evaluated with RNA and protein works. The RIC groups showed significantly lower stricture rates, lower inflammatory markers levels than the resection and anastomosis-only group. The RIC groups had significantly lower IL-6 and TNFa levels than the resection and anastomosis-only group, confirming the inhibitory role of remote ischemic conditioning in the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 and TNF-α/NF-kB signaling pathways. RIC after esophageal resection and anastomosis can reduce the inflammatory response, improving strictures at the esophageal anastomosis site, to be a novel noninvasive intervention for reducing esophageal anastomotic strictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Kee Youn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Lee
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dayoung Ko
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Kim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
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Wang M, Guo Q, Shan Y, Cheng Z, Zhang Q, Bai J, Dong Y, Zhong Z. Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Body Weight, Growth Performance, Immune Function, Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites in Fallow Deer. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:603. [PMID: 39194541 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal diseases are one of the diseases that affect the growth and immunity of deer. Currently, more lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are available as feed additives to improve the intestinal ecological balance of ruminants in production practices. In this study, Enterococcus faecalis was supplemented in the feed of fallow deer for 170 d, and body weights, blood indices and immune levels of fallow deer were counted at 35, 65 and 170 d. The effects of Enterococcus faecalis on the intestinal microbiota and the metabolism of fallow deer were analysed using 16S rDNA and UPLC-MS/MS methods. The results showed that the addition of Enterococcus faecalis to the diet improved body weight and immune function and increased the aggregation of gut microbiota in fallow deer. The addition of Enterococcus faecalis altered the community structure of intestinal microorganisms in fallow deer and increased the number of beneficial bacteria. In addition, combined with metabolomics analysis, it was found that supplementation with Enterococcus faecalis significantly altered the metabolites of fallow deer, mainly regulating lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and phospholipid metabolism. In conclusion, this study presents, for the first time, evidence that the LAB strain Enterococcus faecalis can be used as a potential probiotic for deer and points to a new direction for the treatment of intestinal disorders in the deer family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyun Guo
- Milu Conservation Research Unit, Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Yunfang Shan
- Milu Conservation Research Unit, Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Zhibin Cheng
- Milu Conservation Research Unit, Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Qingxun Zhang
- Milu Conservation Research Unit, Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Jiade Bai
- Milu Conservation Research Unit, Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Yulan Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhong
- Milu Conservation Research Unit, Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China
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Svenvik M, Jenmalm MC, Brudin L, Raffetseder J, Hellberg S, Axelsson D, Lindell G, Blomberg M, Ernerudh J. Chemokine and cytokine profiles in preterm and term labor, in preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes, and in normal pregnancy. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 164:104278. [PMID: 38901109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the immune mechanisms involved in preterm labor (PTL), preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (PPROM), and normal pregnancies. The second objective was to explore immune profiles in PTL for association with early ( < 34 gestational weeks (gw)) or instant ( < 48 h) delivery. This prospective observational multi-center study included women with singleton pregnancies with PTL (n = 80) or PPROM (n = 40) before 34 gw, women with normal pregnancies scheduled for antenatal visits (n = 44), and women with normal pregnancies in active labor at term (n = 40). Plasma samples obtained at admission were analyzed for cytokine and chemokine quantification using a multiplex bead assay in order to compare the immune profiles between PTL, PPROM, and normal pregnancies. In PTL, CXCL1 and CCL17 were significantly higher compared to gestational age-matched women at antenatal visits, whereas for PPROM, CXCL1 and IL-6 were increased. Women in term labor had a more pronounced inflammatory pattern with higher levels of CXCL1, CXCL8, and IL-6 compared with PTL (p = 0.007, 0.003, and 0.013, respectively), as well as higher levels of CCL17, CXCL1 and IL-6 (all p < 0.001) compared with the women at antenatal visits. In PTL, CXCL8 was higher in women with delivery before 34 gw, whereas CXCL8, GM-CSF, and IL-6 were significantly higher in women with delivery within 48 h. To conclude, PTL and PPROM were associated with a complex pattern of inflammation, both involving Th17 (CXCL1) responses. Although further studies are needed, CXCL8, GM-CSF, and IL-6 may be potential candidates for predicting preterm birth in PTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Svenvik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Region Kalmar County, Kalmar, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Maria C Jenmalm
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars Brudin
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Kalmar County, Kalmar, Sweden; Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johanna Raffetseder
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sandra Hellberg
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Daniel Axelsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Gunnel Lindell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Region Kalmar County, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Marie Blomberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Ernerudh
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Vo A, Ammerman N, Jordan SC. New Therapies for Highly Sensitized Patients on the Waiting List. KIDNEY360 2024; 5:1207-1225. [PMID: 38995690 PMCID: PMC11371354 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to HLA alloantigens through pregnancy, blood products, and previous transplantations induce powerful immunologic responses that create an immunologic barrier to successful transplantation. This is commonly detected through screening for HLA antibodies using Luminex beads coated with HLA antigens at transplant evaluation. Currently accepted approaches to desensitization include plasmapheresis/low-dose or high-dose intravenous Ig plus anti-CD20. However, these approaches are often unsuccessful because of the inability to remove high titer circulating HLA antibodies and limit rebound responses by long-lived anti-HLA antibody secreting plasma cells (PCs) and memory B cells (B MEM ). This is especially significant for patients with a calculated panel reactive antibody of 99%-100%. Newer desensitization approaches, such as imlifidase (IgG endopeptidase), rapidly inactivate IgG molecules and create an antibody-free zone by cleaving IgG into F(ab'2) and Fc fragments, thus eliminating complement and cell-mediated injury to the graft. This represents an important advancement in desensitization. However, the efficacy of imlifidase is limited by pathogenic antibody rebound, increasing the potential for antibody-mediated rejection. Controlling antibody rebound requires new strategies that address the issues of antibody depletion and inhibition of B MEM and PC responses. This will likely require a combination of agents that effectively and rapidly deplete pathogenic antibodies and prevent immune cell activation pathways responsible for antibody rebound. Here, using anti-IL-6 receptor (tocilizumab) or anti-IL-6 (clazakizumab) could offer long-term control of B MEM and PC donor-specific HLA antibody responses. Agents aimed at eliminating long-lived PCs (anti-CD38 and anti-B-cell maturation antigen×CD3) are likely to benefit highly HLA sensitized patients. Complement inhibitors and novel agents aimed at inhibiting Fc neonatal receptor IgG recycling will be important in desensitization. Administering these agents alone or in combination will advance our ability to effectively desensitize patients and maintain durable suppression post-transplant. After many years of limited options, advanced therapeutics will likely improve efficacy of desensitization and improve access to kidney transplantation for highly HLA sensitized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Vo
- Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California
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Liu Q, Wang S, Fu J, Chen Y, Xu J, Wei W, Song H, Zhao X, Wang H. Liver regeneration after injury: Mechanisms, cellular interactions and therapeutic innovations. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1812. [PMID: 39152680 PMCID: PMC11329751 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver possesses a distinctive capacity for regeneration within the human body. Under normal circumstances, liver cells replicate themselves to maintain liver function. Compensatory replication of healthy hepatocytes is sufficient for the regeneration after acute liver injuries. In the late stage of chronic liver damage, a large number of hepatocytes die and hepatocyte replication is blocked. Liver regeneration has more complex mechanisms, such as the transdifferentiation between cell types or hepatic progenitor cells mediated. Dysregulation of liver regeneration causes severe chronic liver disease. Gaining a more comprehensive understanding of liver regeneration mechanisms would facilitate the advancement of efficient therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the signalling pathways linked to different aspects of liver regeneration in various liver diseases. Moreover, new knowledge on cellular interactions during the regenerative process is also presented. Finally, this paper explores the potential applications of new technologies, such as nanotechnology, stem cell transplantation and organoids, in liver regeneration after injury, offering fresh perspectives on treating liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Translational Medicine CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Senyan Wang
- Translational Medicine CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Jing Fu
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal TransductionNational Center for Liver CancerMinistry of Education Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver CancerShanghai Key Laboratory of Hepato‐biliary Tumor BiologyEastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University/NAVAL Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yao Chen
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal TransductionNational Center for Liver CancerMinistry of Education Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver CancerShanghai Key Laboratory of Hepato‐biliary Tumor BiologyEastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University/NAVAL Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Xu
- Translational Medicine CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Wenjuan Wei
- Translational Medicine CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Hao Song
- Translational Medicine CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- Translational Medicine CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Hongyang Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal TransductionNational Center for Liver CancerMinistry of Education Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver CancerShanghai Key Laboratory of Hepato‐biliary Tumor BiologyEastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University/NAVAL Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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Sarfi S, Azaryan E, Naseri M. Immune System of Dental Pulp in Inflamed and Normal Tissue. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:369-386. [PMID: 38959180 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2024.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Teeth are vulnerable to structural compromise, primarily attributed to carious lesions, in which microorganisms originating from the oral cavity deteriorate the mineralized structures of enamel and dentin, subsequently infiltrating the underlying soft connective tissue, known as the dental pulp. Nonetheless, dental pulp possesses the necessary capabilities to detect and defend against bacteria and their by-products, using a variety of intricate defense mechanisms. The pulp houses specialized cells known as odontoblasts, which encounter harmful substances produced by oral bacteria. These cells identify pathogens at an early stage and commence the immune system response. As bacteria approach the pulp, various cell types within the pulp, such as different immune cells, stem cells, fibroblasts, as well as neuronal and vascular networks, contribute a range of defense mechanisms. Therefore, the immune system is present in the healthy pulp to restrain the initial spread of pathogens, and then in the inflamed pulp, it prepares the conditions for necrosis or regeneration, so inflammatory response mechanisms play a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. This review aims to consolidate the existing literature on the immune system in dental pulp, encompassing current knowledge on this topic that explains the diverse mechanisms of recognition and defense against pathogens exhibited by dental pulp cells, elucidates the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity in inflamed pulp, and highlights the difference between inflamed and normal pulp tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Sarfi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ehsaneh Azaryan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Cellular, and Molecular Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Zhang Y, Ren EF, Wen T, Lyu S, Gai L, Chen S, Li K, Han Z, Niu F, Niu D. Investigation into potential allergenicity of DBD plasma-treated casein digestion products based on immunoglobulin E linear epitopes and the sensitized-cell model. Food Chem 2024; 447:138940. [PMID: 38484545 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the allergenicity change in casein treated with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma during in vitro simulated digestion, focusing on the immunoglobulin E (IgE) linear epitopes and utilizing a sensitized-cell model. Results indicated that prior treatment with DBD plasma treatment (4 min) before simulated digestion led to a 10.5% reduction in the IgE-binding capacity of casein digestion products. Moreover, the release of biologically active substances induced from KU812 cells, including β-HEX release rate, human histamine, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α, decreased by 2.1, 28.1, 20.6, 11.6, and 17.3%, respectively. Through a combined analysis of LC-MS/MS and immunoinformatics tools, it was revealed that DBD plasma treatment promoted the degradation of the IgE linear epitopes of casein during digestion, particularly those located in the α-helix region of αs1-CN and αs2-CN. These findings suggest that DBD plasma treatment prior to digestion may alleviate casein allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongniu Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Er-Fang Ren
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Tao Wen
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Testing Institute of Product Quality, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Shijun Lyu
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Testing Institute of Product Quality, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Lili Gai
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kai Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhong Han
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Fuge Niu
- Food Safety Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Debao Niu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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Liu Z, Song L, Yang J, Liu H, Zhang Y, Pi X, Yan Y, Chen H, Yu D, Yin C, Liu T, Li X, Zhang C, Li D, Wang Z, Xiao W. Discovery and preclinical evaluation of KYS202004A, a novel bispecific fusion protein targeting TNF-α and IL-17A, in autoimmune disease models. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112383. [PMID: 38843642 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases often requires targeting multiple pathogenic pathways. KYS202004A is a novel bispecific fusion protein designed to antagonize TNF-α and IL-17A, pivotal in the pathophysiology of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Our initial efforts focused on screening for optimal structure by analyzing expression levels, purity, and binding capabilities. The binding affinity of KYS202004A to TNF-α and IL-17A was evaluated using SPR. In vitro, we assessed the inhibitory capacity of KYS202004A on cytokine-induced CXCL1 expression in HT29 cells. In vivo, its efficacy was tested using a Collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA) model in transgenic human-IL-17A mice and an imiquimod-induced psoriasis model in cynomolgus monkeys. KYS202004A demonstrated significant inhibition of IL-17A and TNF-α signaling pathways, outperforming the efficacy of monotherapeutic agents ixekizumab and etanercept in reducing CXCL1 expression in vitro and ameliorating disease markers in vivo. In the CIA model, KYS202004A significantly reduced clinical symptoms, joint destruction, and serum IL-6 concentrations. The psoriasis model revealed that KYS202004A, particularly at a 2 mg/kg dose, was as effective as the combination of ixekizumab and etanercept. This discovery represents a significant advancement in treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, offering a dual-targeted therapeutic approach with enhanced efficacy over current monotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Liu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liying Song
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang City 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiarui Yang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yating Zhang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuelei Pi
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongna Chen
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chengkai Yin
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tianyan Liu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xu Li
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chenfeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Deshan Li
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiangning Industrial City, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Lianyungang City 222001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Mititelu A, Grama A, Colceriu MC, Benţa G, Popoviciu MS, Pop TL. Role of Interleukin 6 in Acute Pancreatitis: A Possible Marker for Disease Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8283. [PMID: 39125854 PMCID: PMC11311934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a significant cause of morbidity, even in children, and is frequently associated with systemic manifestations. There are many cytokines involved in the inflammatory response characteristic of this disease. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is one of the most important cytokines involved in AP, beginning from cellular injury and continuing to the systemic inflammatory response and distant organ involvement. IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates acute-phase response and inflammation. It is produced by various cells and exerts its biological role on many cells through its high-affinity complex receptor. IL-6 has been investigated as a predicting maker for severe forms of AP. Many studies have validated the use of IL-6 serum levels in the first 48 h as a reliable marker for severe evolution and multisystemic involvement. Still, it has not been used in daily practice until now. This review discusses the main binding mechanisms by which IL-6 triggers cellular response and the AP pathogenetic mechanisms in which IL-6 is involved. We then emphasize the promising role of IL-6 as a prognostic marker, which could be added as a routine marker at admission in children with AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Mititelu
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.-C.C.); (G.B.); (T.L.P.)
| | - Alina Grama
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.-C.C.); (G.B.); (T.L.P.)
- 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marius-Cosmin Colceriu
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.-C.C.); (G.B.); (T.L.P.)
| | - Gabriel Benţa
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.-C.C.); (G.B.); (T.L.P.)
| | | | - Tudor Lucian Pop
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Department of Mother and Child, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.-C.C.); (G.B.); (T.L.P.)
- 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Xia J, Wen Y, Xiao M, Ye D, Gao Y, Tang D, Zhang X, Chen J, Li Q, Yao Y. Sequential severe immune-related adverse events induced by PD-1 inhibitor: a case report and literature review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1391698. [PMID: 39139287 PMCID: PMC11320414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1391698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In a variety of cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated substantial survival advantages. Nevertheless, the widespread use of ICIs in the clinic has resulted in a growing interest in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and their treatment methods. This paper reports a case in which a patient with three sequential severe irAEs was successfully treated. After undergoing two regimens of sintilimab in conjunction with chemotherapy for advanced lung cancer, the patient developed myocarditis combined with hepatitis. Subsequently, the patient developed pneumonia following remission from treatment. We also discuss the mechanism of irAEs, principles of treatment, and progress in the study of biomarkers for early prediction of irAEs by reviewing the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiong Xia
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingmei Wen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengxia Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Yichun People’s Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Dafu Ye
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjun Gao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongling Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuyun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinling Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Research Center for Precision Medicine of Cancer, Wuhan, China
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Zhang H, Wu Y, Wu K, Dai Z. Targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:176. [PMID: 39034318 PMCID: PMC11275440 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are critical in regulating immune responses and cellular behavior, playing dual roles in both normal physiology and the pathology of diseases such as cancer. These molecules, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, chemokines, and growth factors like TGF-β, VEGF, and EGF, can promote or inhibit tumor growth, influence the tumor microenvironment, and impact the efficacy of cancer treatments. Recent advances in targeting these pathways have shown promising therapeutic potential, offering new strategies to modulate the immune system, inhibit tumor progression, and overcome resistance to conventional therapies. In this review, we summarized the current understanding and therapeutic implications of targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways in cancer. By exploring the roles of these molecules in tumor biology and the immune response, we highlighted the development of novel therapeutic agents aimed at modulating these pathways to combat cancer. The review elaborated on the dual nature of cytokines as both promoters and suppressors of tumorigenesis, depending on the context, and discussed the challenges and opportunities this presents for therapeutic intervention. We also examined the latest advancements in targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, receptor inhibitors, fusion proteins, engineered cytokine variants, and their impact on tumor growth, metastasis, and the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we evaluated the potential of combining these targeted therapies with other treatment modalities to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes. Besides, we also focused on the ongoing research and clinical trials that are pivotal in advancing our understanding and application of cytokine- and chemokine-targeted therapies for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxiang Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
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Adumitrăchioaiei H, Săsăran MO, Mărginean CO. The Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 8 in Childhood Acute Gastroenteritis-A Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7655. [PMID: 39062898 PMCID: PMC11277260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Interleukins 6 (IL-6) and 8 (IL-8) have been intensely studied in relation to various inflammatory conditions, including acute gastroenteritis, as they are activated in response to infection. This review aims to evaluate the ability of IL-6 and IL-8 to distinguish between bacterial and viral etiologies of acute gastroenteritis in children and to assess whether their levels correlate with the severity of this condition in light of currently available data. A scientific database search was performed to identify studies that investigated the role of IL-6 and IL-8 in acute gastroenteritis in the pediatric population. We identified nine studies that matched the review's objective. Both cytokines show increased values in acute gastroenteritis, but IL-6 levels are significantly higher in cases of bacterial infections. IL-8 levels do not present an increase to the same extent in cases of bacterial diarrhea in children but seem to be associated with the severity of the disease. The lack of sufficient research focusing on IL-6 and -8 as diagnostic, prognostic and severity biomarkers of acute gastroenteritis in children leaves room for further research on this topic, which must include larger cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Adumitrăchioaiei
- Department of Pediatrics I, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology George Emil Palade from Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania; (H.A.); (C.O.M.)
| | - Maria Oana Săsăran
- Department of Pediatrics III, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology George Emil Palade from Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology George Emil Palade from Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania; (H.A.); (C.O.M.)
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Ford HR, Mitchell TM, Scull T, Benitez OJ, Strieder-Barboza C. The Effect of Subclinical Ketosis on the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Inflammatory Response and Its Crosstalk with Depot-Specific Preadipocyte Function in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1995. [PMID: 38998107 PMCID: PMC11240650 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
During the periparturient period, cows undergo heightened energy demands at lactation onset, paired with reduced dry matter intake, leading to negative energy balance (NEB). Excessive lipolysis-driven adipose tissue remodeling, triggered by NEB, significantly contributes to ketosis in periparturient dairy cows. However, the role of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the pathogenesis of ketosis and in modulating adipose tissue function remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated how ketosis affects the transcriptional profile and secretome of PBMCs and its influence on preadipocyte function in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Twenty-one postpartum Holstein dairy cows were categorized as either subclinical ketosis (SCK; BHB ≥ 1.0 mM) or control (CON; BHB < 0.8 mM) based on blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration screening. Blood samples were collected intravenously for the isolation of PBMCs and serum metabolic profiling. Ketosis elevated circulating NEFA and BHB levels but reduced total WBC and neutrophil counts. Isolated PBMCs were evaluated for gene expression and used to produce conditioned media (PBMC-CM), during which PBMCs were stimulated with 10 ng/mL LPS. The overall phenotype of PBMCs was largely consistent between SCK and CON cows, with minimal differences detected in immunomodulatory cytokine expression and PBMC-CM composition following stimulation. Preadipocytes isolated from non-ketotic cows were treated with PBMC-CM to assess the effect of PBMC secretomes on adipose cell function. Preadipocytes treated with SCK PBMC-CM showed reduced lipid accumulation compared to those treated with CON PBMC-CM regardless of the depot. SAT preadipocytes had heightened expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, including DGAT1, LIPE, and FASN, compared to VAT when treated with SCK PBMC-CM. Preadipocytes treated with CM from PBMC stimulated by LPS exhibited upregulation in IL1B and IL6 regardless of the depot or source of PBMCs. Together, these results indicate that although PBMC profiles showed minimal differences, preadipocytes treated with PBMC-CM may be influenced by additional factors, leading to altered preadipocyte function and gene expression that may contribute to adipose cellular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter R. Ford
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
| | - Ty M. Mitchell
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
| | - Tanner Scull
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
| | - Oscar J. Benitez
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Clarissa Strieder-Barboza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (H.R.F.); (T.M.M.); (T.S.); (O.J.B.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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Yu Y, Li X, Ying Q, Zhang Z, Liu W, Su J. Synergistic Effects of Shed-Derived Exosomes, Cu 2+, and an Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, and Osteogenic Activity for Periodontal Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:33053-33069. [PMID: 38899855 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The primary pathology of periodontitis involves the gradual deterioration of periodontal tissues resulting from the inflammatory reaction triggered by bacterial infection. In this study, a novel drug for periodontal pocket injection, known as the Shed-Cu-HA hydrogel, was developed by incorporating copper ions (Cu2+) and Shed-derived exosomes (Shed-exo) inside the hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel. Suitable concentrations of Cu2+ and Shed-exo released from Shed-Cu-HA enhanced cell viability and cell proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Additionally, the Shed-Cu-HA demonstrated remarkable antibacterial effects against the key periodontal pathogen (Aa) owing to the synergistic effect of Cu2+ and HA. Furthermore, the material effectively suppressed macrophage inflammatory response via the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Moreover, the Shed-Cu-HA, combining the inflammation-regulating properties of HA with the synergistic osteogenic activity of Shed-exo and Cu2+, effectively upregulated the expression of genes and proteins associated with osteogenic differentiation. The experimental findings from a mouse periodontitis model demonstrated that the administration of Shed-Cu-HA effectively reduced the extent of inflammatory cell infiltration and bacterial infections in gingival tissues and facilitated the regeneration of periodontal bone tissues and collagen after 2 and 4 weeks of injection. Consequently, it holds significant prospects for future applications in periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xuejing Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Qiao Ying
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhanwei Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weicai Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiansheng Su
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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He TS, Cai K, Lai W, Yu J, Qing F, Shen A, Sui L, He W, Wang W, Xiao Q, Lei X, Guo T, Liu Z. E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF128 attenuates colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis by triggering the degradation of IL-6 receptors. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00262-5. [PMID: 38964734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal immune dysregulation is strongly linked to the occurrence and formation of tumors. RING finger protein 128 (RNF128) has been identified to play distinct immunoregulatory functions in innate and adaptive systems. However, the physiological roles of RNF128 in intestinal inflammatory conditions such as colitis and colorectal cancer (CRC) remain controversial. OBJECTIVES To elucidate the function and mechanism of RNF128 in colitis and CRC. METHODS Animal models of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-induced CRC were established in WT and Rnf128-deficient mice and evaluated by histopathology. Co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination analyses were employed to investigate the role of RNF128 in IL-6-STAT3 signaling. RESULTS RNF128 was significantly downregulated in clinical CRC tissues compared with paired peritumoral tissues. Rnf128-deficient mice were hypersusceptible to both colitis induced by DSS and CRC induced by AOM/DSS or APC mutation. Loss of RNF128 promoted the proliferation of CRC cells and STAT3 activation during the early transformative stage of carcinogenesis in vivo and in vitro when stimulated by IL-6. Mechanistically, RNF128 interacted with the IL-6 receptor α subunit (IL-6Rα) and membrane glycoprotein gp130 and mediated their lysosomal degradation in ligase activity-dependent manner. Through a series of point mutations in the IL-6 receptor, we identified that RNF128 promoted K48-linked polyubiquitination of IL-6Rα at K398/K401 and gp130 at K718/K816/K866. Additionally, blocking STAT3 activation effectively eradicated the inflammatory damage of Rnf128-deficient mice during the transformative stage of carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION RNF128 attenuates colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis by inhibiting IL-6-STAT3 signaling, which sheds novel insights into the modulation of IL-6 receptors and the inflammation-to-cancer transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Sheng He
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kuntai Cai
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; Graduate School, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weiling Lai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingge Yu
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; Graduate School, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Furong Qing
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; Graduate School, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ao Shen
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; Graduate School, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lina Sui
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; Graduate School, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenji He
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiuxiang Xiao
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianfu Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
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Fuster-Martínez I, Calatayud S. The current landscape of antifibrotic therapy across different organs: A systematic approach. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107245. [PMID: 38821150 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological process that can affect virtually all the organs, but there are hardly any effective therapeutic options. This has led to an intense search for antifibrotic therapies over the last decades, with a great number of clinical assays currently underway. We have systematically reviewed all current and recently finished clinical trials involved in the development of new antifibrotic drugs, and the preclinical studies analyzing the relevance of each of these pharmacological strategies in fibrotic processes affecting tissues beyond those being clinically studied. We analyze and discuss this information with the aim of determining the most promising options and the feasibility of extending their therapeutic value as antifibrotic agents to other fibrotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fuster-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Valencia 46010, Spain; FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Valencia 46020, Spain.
| | - Sara Calatayud
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Valencia 46010, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Spain.
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Kim JY, Jee HG, Kim JY, Yong TS, Jeon SH. NF-κB p65 and TCF-4 interactions are associated with LPS-stimulated IL-6 secretion of macrophages. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101659. [PMID: 38352245 PMCID: PMC10859262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokine plays a central role in host defense and acute inflammatory responses. Both positive and negative correlations of NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways have been reported depending on cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli for IL-6 cytokine production. Macrophages are vital to the regulation of immune responses and the development of inflammation, but the crosstalk between two pathways has not been elucidated so far in macrophages. We observed a positive cross-regulation between the NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways for IL-6 production in human macrophages. To verify the functional validity of this interaction, LY294002 or PNU74654, representative blockers of each pathway, were treated. IL-6 secretion was reduced to the basal level by both inhibitor treatments, even when stimulated by LPS. We also found that NF-κB p65 migrated to the nucleus and interacted with the transcription factor TCF-4 in macrophages upon LPS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Youn Kim
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gun Jee
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Soung-Hoo Jeon
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Pu W, Ma C, Wang B, Zhu W, Chen H. The "Heater" of "Cold" Tumors-Blocking IL-6. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300587. [PMID: 38773937 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is not simply the end of the inflammatory response but rather a complex process that involves various cells, inflammatory factors, and specialized proresolving mediators following the occurrence of inflammation. Once inflammation cannot be cleared by the body, malignant tumors may be induced. Among them, IL-6, as an immunosuppressive factor, activates a variety of signal transduction pathways and induces tumorigenesis. Monitoring IL-6 can be used for the diagnosis, efficacy evaluation and prognosis of tumor patients. In terms of treatment, improving the efficacy of targeted and immunotherapy remains a major challenge. Blocking IL-6 and its mediated signaling pathways can regulate the tumor immune microenvironment and enhance immunotherapy responses by activating immune cells. Even transform "cold" tumors that are difficult to respond to immunotherapy into immunogenic "hot" tumors, acting as a "heater" for "cold" tumors, restarting the tumor immune cycle, and reducing immunotherapy-related toxic reactions and drug resistance. In clinical practice, the combined application of IL-6 inhibition with targeted therapy and immunotherapy may produce synergistic results. Nevertheless, additional clinical trials are imperative to further validate the safety and efficacy of this therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigao Pu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Department of Tumour Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Chenhui Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Department of Tumour Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Bofang Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Department of Tumour Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- General Surgery Department of Lintao County People's Hospital in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Hao Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Department of Tumour Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Oncology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
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