1
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Wang Z, Yang L, Chen Q, Liu P, Yang Z, Li H, Huang X, Huang W. Anisotropic Superprotonic Conduction in a Layered Single-Component Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework with Multiple In-Plane Open Channels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2409202. [PMID: 39180256 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202409202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are promising proton conductive materials because of their inherent and abundant hydrogen-bonding sites. However, most superprotonic-conductive HOFs are constructed from multiple components to enable favorable framework architectures and structural integrity. In this contribution, layered HOF-TPB-A3 with a single component is synthesized and exfoliated. The exfoliated nanoplates exhibited anisotropic superprotonic conduction, with in-plane proton conductivities reaching 1.34 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 296 K and 98% relative humidity (RH). This outperforms the previously reported single-component HOFs and is comparable with the state-of-the-art multiple-component HOFs. The high and anisotropic proton conductive properties can be attributed to the efficient proton transport along multiple open channels parallel to their basal planes. Moreover, an all-solid-state (ASS) proton rectifier device is demonstrated by combining HOF-TPB-A3 and a hydroxide ion-conducting layered double hydroxide (LDH). This work suggests that single-component HOFs with multiple open channels offer more opportunities as versatile platforms for proton conductors, making them promising candidates for conducting media in protonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, 1 West Huifeng Road, Chuzhou, 23900, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Peiyuan Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hai Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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2
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Yan J, Armstrong JPK, Scarpa F, Perriman AW. Hydrogel-Based Artificial Synapses for Sustainable Neuromorphic Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403937. [PMID: 39087845 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels find widespread applications in biomedicine because of their outstanding biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable material properties. Hydrogels can be chemically functionalized or reinforced to respond to physical or chemical stimulation, which opens up new possibilities in the emerging field of intelligent bioelectronics. Here, the state-of-the-art in functional hydrogel-based transistors and memristors is reviewed as potential artificial synapses. Within these systems, hydrogels can serve as semisolid dielectric electrolytes in transistors and as switching layers in memristors. These synaptic devices with volatile and non-volatile resistive switching show good adaptability to external stimuli for short-term and long-term synaptic memory effects, some of which are integrated into synaptic arrays as artificial neurons; although, there are discrepancies in switching performance and efficacy. By comparing different hydrogels and their respective properties, an outlook is provided on a new range of biocompatible, environment-friendly, and sustainable neuromorphic hardware. How potential energy-efficient information storage and processing can be achieved using artificial neural networks with brain-inspired architecture for neuromorphic computing is described. The development of hydrogel-based artificial synapses can significantly impact the fields of neuromorphic bionics, biometrics, and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongyi Yan
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Fabrizio Scarpa
- Bristol Composites Institute, School of Civil, Aerospace and Design Engineering (CADE), University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
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3
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Ramanthrikkovil Variyam A, Stolov M, Feng J, Amdursky N. Solid-State Molecular Protonics Devices of Solid-Supported Biological Membranes Reveal the Mechanism of Long-Range Lateral Proton Transport. ACS NANO 2024; 18:5101-5112. [PMID: 38314693 PMCID: PMC10867892 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Lateral proton transport (PT) on the surface of biological membranes is a fundamental biochemical process in the bioenergetics of living cells, but a lack of available experimental techniques has resulted in a limited understanding of its mechanism. Here, we present a molecular protonics experimental approach to investigate lateral PT across membranes by measuring long-range (70 μm) lateral proton conduction via a few layers of lipid bilayers in a solid-state-like environment, i.e., without having bulk water surrounding the membrane. This configuration enables us to focus on lateral proton conduction across the surface of the membrane while decoupling it from bulk water. Hence, by controlling the relative humidity of the environment, we can directly explore the role of water in the lateral PT process. We show that proton conduction is dependent on the number of water molecules and their structure and on membrane composition, where we explore the role of the headgroup, the tail saturation, the membrane phase, and membrane fluidity. The measured PT as a function of temperature shows an inverse temperature dependency, which we explain by the desorption and adsorption of water molecules into the solid membrane platform. We explain our findings by discussing the role of percolating hydrogen bonding within the membrane structure in a Grotthuss-like mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikhail Stolov
- Wolfson
Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion
− Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Jiajun Feng
- Schulich
Faculty of Chemistry, Technion −
Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich
Faculty of Chemistry, Technion −
Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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4
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Orieshyna A, Puetzer JL, Amdursky N. Proton Transport Across Collagen Fibrils and Scaffolds: The Role of Hydroxyproline. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4653-4662. [PMID: 37656903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is one of the most studied proteins due to its fundamental role in creating fibrillar structures and supporting tissues in our bodies. Accordingly, collagen is also one of the most used proteins for making tissue-engineered scaffolds for various types of tissues. To date, the high abundance of hydroxyproline (Hyp) within collagen is commonly ascribed to the structure and stability of collagen. Here, we hypothesize a new role for the presence of Hyp within collagen, which is to support proton transport (PT) across collagen fibrils. For this purpose, we explore here three different collagen-based hydrogels: the first is prepared by the self-assembly of natural collagen fibrils, and the second and third are based on covalently linking between collagen via either a self-coupling method or with an additional cross-linker. Following the formation of the hydrogel, we introduce here a two-step reaction, involving (1) attaching methanesulfonyl to the -OH group of Hyp, followed by (2) removing the methanesulfonyl, thus reverting Hyp to proline (Pro). We explore the PT efficiency at each step of the reaction using electrical measurements and show that adding the methanesulfonyl group vastly enhances PT, while reverting Hyp to Pro significantly reduces PT efficiency (compared with the initial point) with different efficiencies for the various collagen-based hydrogels. The role of Hyp in supporting the PT can assist in our understanding of the physiological roles of collagen. Furthermore, the capacity to modulate conductivity across collagen is very important to the use of collagen in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Orieshyna
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Jennifer L Puetzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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5
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Luo L, Manda S, Park Y, Demir B, Sanchez J, Anantram MP, Oren EE, Gopinath A, Rolandi M. DNA nanopores as artificial membrane channels for bioprotonics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5364. [PMID: 37666808 PMCID: PMC10477224 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological membrane channels mediate information exchange between cells and facilitate molecular recognition. While tuning the shape and function of membrane channels for precision molecular sensing via de-novo routes is complex, an even more significant challenge is interfacing membrane channels with electronic devices for signal readout, which results in low efficiency of information transfer - one of the major barriers to the continued development of high-performance bioelectronic devices. To this end, we integrate membrane spanning DNA nanopores with bioprotonic contacts to create programmable, modular, and efficient artificial ion-channel interfaces. Here we show that cholesterol modified DNA nanopores spontaneously and with remarkable affinity span the lipid bilayer formed over the planar bio-protonic electrode surface and mediate proton transport across the bilayer. Using the ability to easily modify DNA nanostructures, we illustrate that this bioprotonic device can be programmed for electronic recognition of biomolecular signals such as presence of Streptavidin and the cardiac biomarker B-type natriuretic peptide, without modifying the biomolecules. We anticipate this robust interface will allow facile electronic measurement and quantification of biomolecules in a multiplexed manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Luo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jack Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Swathi Manda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yunjeong Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jack Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Busra Demir
- Bionanodesign Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jesse Sanchez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jack Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - M P Anantram
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ersin Emre Oren
- Bionanodesign Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Ashwin Gopinath
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jack Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA.
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA.
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA.
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6
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Yang Z, Sarkar AK, Amdursky N. Glycoproteins as a Platform for Making Proton-Conductive Free-Standing Biopolymers. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1111-1120. [PMID: 36787188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers are an attractive environmentally friendly alternative to common synthetic polymers, whereas primarily proteins and polysaccharides are the biomacromolecules that are used for making the biopolymer. Due to the breadth of side chains of such biomacromolecules capable of participating in hydrogen bonding, proteins and polysaccharide biopolymers were also used for the making of proton-conductive biopolymers. Here, we introduce a new platform for combining the merits of both proteins and polysaccharides while using a glycosylated protein for making the biopolymer. We use mucin as our starting point, whereas being a waste of the food industry, it is a highly available and low-cost glycoprotein. We show how we can use different chemical strategies to target either the glycan part or specific amino acids for both crosslinking between the different glycoproteins, thus making a free-standing biopolymer, as well as for introducing superior proton conductivity properties to the formed biopolymer. The resultant proton-conductive soft biopolymer is an appealing candidate for any soft bioelectronic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Yang
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Amit Kumar Sarkar
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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7
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First-principles theory of electrochemical capacitance. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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8
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Burnstine‐Townley A, Mondal S, Agam Y, Nandi R, Amdursky N. Light‐Modulated Cationic and Anionic Transport across Protein Biopolymers**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Burnstine‐Townley
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Somen Mondal
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Yuval Agam
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Ramesh Nandi
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
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9
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Burnstine-Townley A, Mondal S, Agam Y, Nandi R, Amdursky N. Light-Modulated Cationic and Anionic Transport across Protein Biopolymers*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24676-24685. [PMID: 34492153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Light is a convenient source of energy and the heart of light-harvesting natural systems and devices. Here, we show light-modulation of both the chemical nature and ionic charge carrier concentration within a protein-based biopolymer that was covalently functionalized with photoacids or photobases. We explore the capability of the biopolymer-tethered photoacids and photobases to undergo excited-state proton transfer and capture, respectively. Electrical measurements show that both the photoacid- and photobase-functionalized biopolymers exhibit an impressive light-modulated increase in ionic conductivity. Whereas cationic protons are the charge carriers for the photoacid-functionalized biopolymer, water-derived anionic hydroxides are the suggested charge carriers for the photobase-functionalized biopolymer. Our work introduces a versatile toolbox to photomodulate both protons and hydroxides as charge carriers in polymers, which can be of interest for a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Burnstine-Townley
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Somen Mondal
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yuval Agam
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Ramesh Nandi
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
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10
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Phillips M, Wheeler AC, Robinson MJ, Leppert V, Jia M, Rolandi M, Hirst LS, Amemiya CT. Colloidal structure and proton conductivity of the gel within the electrosensory organs of cartilaginous fishes. iScience 2021; 24:102947. [PMID: 34458698 PMCID: PMC8379299 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilaginous fishes possess gel-filled tubular sensory organs called Ampullae of Lorenzini (AoL) that are used to detect electric fields. Although recent studies have identified various components of AoL gel, it has remained unclear how the molecules are structurally arranged and how their structure influences the function of the organs. Here we describe the structure of AoL gel by microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering and infer that the material is colloidal in nature. To assess the relative function of the gel's protein constituents, we compared the microscopic structure, X-ray scattering, and proton conductivity properties of the gel before and after enzymatic digestion with a protease. We discovered that while proteins were largely responsible for conferring the viscous nature of the gel, their removal did not diminish proton conductivity. The findings lay the groundwork for more detailed studies into the specific interactions of molecules inside AoL gel at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Phillips
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Alauna C. Wheeler
- Department of Physics, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Matthew J. Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Valerie Leppert
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Manping Jia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Linda S. Hirst
- Department of Physics, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Program, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Chris T. Amemiya
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Program, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
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11
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Martinez-Gonzalez JA, Cavaye H, McGettrick JD, Meredith P, Motovilov KA, Mostert AB. Interfacial water morphology in hydrated melanin. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7940-7952. [PMID: 34378618 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00777g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The importance of electrically functional biomaterials is increasing as researchers explore ways to utilise them in novel sensing capacities. It has been recognised that for many of these materials the state of hydration is a key parameter that can heavily affect the conductivity, particularly those that rely upon ionic or proton transport as a key mechanism. However, thus far little attention has been paid to the nature of the water morphology in the hydrated state and the concomitant ionic conductivity. Presented here is an inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiment on hydrated eumelanin, a model bioelectronic material, in order to investigate its 'water morphology'. We develop a rigorous new methodology for performing hydration dependent INS experiments. We also model the eumelanin dry spectra with a minimalist approach whereas for higher hydration levels we are able to obtain difference spectra to extract out the water scattering signal. A key result is that the physi-sorbed water structure within eumelanin is dominated by interfacial water with the number of water layers between 3-5, and no bulk water. We also detect for the first time, the potential signatures for proton cations, most likely the Zundel ion, within a biopolymer/water system. These new signatures may be general for soft proton ionomer systems, if the systems are comprised of only interfacial water within their structure. The nature of the water morphology opens up new questions about the potential ionic charge transport mechanisms within hydrated bioelectronics materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Martinez-Gonzalez
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
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12
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SUWANSOONTORN A, YAMAMOTO K, NAGANO S, MATSUI J, NAGAO Y. Interfacial and Internal Proton Conduction of Weak-acid Functionalized Styrene-based Copolymer with Various Carboxylic Acid Concentrations. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.21-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsuhiro YAMAMOTO
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology
| | - Shusaku NAGANO
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University
| | | | - Yuki NAGAO
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
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13
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Bazargan G, Fischer SA, Gunlycke D. Effect of Structure and Hydration Level on Water Diffusion in Chitosan Membranes. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Bazargan
- NRC Research Associate U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375 USA
| | - Sean A. Fischer
- Code 6189, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375 USA
| | - Daniel Gunlycke
- Code 6189, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375 USA
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14
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Jia M, Kim J, Nguyen T, Duong T, Rolandi M. Natural biopolymers as proton conductors in bioelectronics. Biopolymers 2021; 112:e23433. [PMID: 34022064 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectronic devices sense or deliver information at the interface between living systems and electronics by converting biological signals into electronic signals and vice-versa. Biological signals are typically carried by ions and small molecules. As such, ion conducting materials are ideal candidates in bioelectronics for an optimal interface. Among these materials, ion conducting polymers that are able to uptake water are particularly interesting because, in addition to ionic conductivity, their mechanical properties can closely match the ones of living tissue. In this review, we focus on a specific subset of ion-conducting polymers: proton (H+ ) conductors that are naturally derived. We first provide a brief introduction of the proton conduction mechanism, and then outline the chemical structure and properties of representative proton-conducting natural biopolymers: polysaccharides (chitosan and glycosaminoglycans), peptides and proteins, and melanin. We then highlight examples of using these biopolymers in bioelectronic devices. We conclude with current challenges and future prospects for broader use of natural biopolymers as proton conductors in bioelectronics and potential translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manping Jia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Jinhwan Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Tiffany Nguyen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Thi Duong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
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15
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Gluschke JG, Seidl J, Lyttleton RW, Nguyen K, Lagier M, Meyer F, Krogstrup P, Nygård J, Lehmann S, Mostert AB, Meredith P, Micolich AP. Integrated bioelectronic proton-gated logic elements utilizing nanoscale patterned Nafion. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:224-233. [PMID: 34821301 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01070g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A central endeavour in bioelectronics is the development of logic elements to transduce and process ionic to electronic signals. Motivated by this challenge, we report fully monolithic, nanoscale logic elements featuring n- and p-type nanowires as electronic channels that are proton-gated by electron-beam patterned Nafion. We demonstrate inverter circuits with state-of-the-art ion-to-electron transduction performance giving DC gain exceeding 5 and frequency response up to 2 kHz. A key innovation facilitating the logic integration is a new electron-beam process for patterning Nafion with linewidths down to 125 nm. This process delivers feature sizes compatible with low voltage, fast switching elements. This expands the scope for Nafion as a versatile patternable high-proton-conductivity element for bioelectronics and other applications requiring nanoengineered protonic membranes and electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Gluschke
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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16
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Strakosas X, Seitanidou M, Tybrandt K, Berggren M, Simon DT. An electronic proton-trapping ion pump for selective drug delivery. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/5/eabd8738. [PMID: 33514549 PMCID: PMC7846156 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd8738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The organic electronic ion pump (OEIP) delivers ions and charged drugs from a source electrolyte, through a charge-selective membrane, to a target electrolyte upon an electric bias. OEIPs have successfully delivered γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitations, in vitro, and in brain tissue to terminate induced epileptic seizures. However, during pumping, protons (H+), which exhibit higher ionic mobility than GABA, are also delivered and may potentially cause side effects due to large local changes in pH. To reduce the proton transfer, we introduced proton traps along the selective channel membrane. The traps are based on palladium (Pd) electrodes, which selectively absorb protons into their structure. The proton-trapping Pd-OEIP improves the overall performance of the current state-of-the-art OEIP, namely, its temporal resolution, efficiency, selectivity, and dosage precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Strakosas
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
| | - M Seitanidou
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - K Tybrandt
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - M Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - D T Simon
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
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17
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Magaz A, Li X, Gough JE, Blaker JJ. Graphene oxide and electroactive reduced graphene oxide-based composite fibrous scaffolds for engineering excitable nerve tissue. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111632. [PMID: 33321671 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study systematically investigates the role of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO)/silk-based composite micro/nano-fibrous scaffolds in regulating neuronal cell behavior in vitro, given the limited comparative studies on the effects of graphene family materials on nerve regeneration. Fibrous scaffolds can mimic the architecture of the native extracellular matrix and are potential candidates for tissue engineering peripheral nerves. Silk/GO micro/nano-fibrous scaffolds were electrospun with GO loadings 1 to 10 wt.%, and optionally post-reduced in situ to explore a family of electrically conductive non-woven silk/rGO scaffolds. Conductivities up to 4 × 10-5 S cm-1 were recorded in the dry state, which increased up to 3 × 10-4 S cm-1 after hydration. Neuronoma NG108-15 cells adhered and were viable on all substrates. Enhanced metabolic activity and proliferation were observed on the GO-containing scaffolds, and these cell responses were further promoted for electroactive silk/rGO. Neurite extensions up to 100 μm were achieved by day 5, with maximum outgrowth up to ~250 μm on some of the conductive substrates. These electroactive composite fibrous scaffolds exhibit potential to enhance the neuronal cell response and could be versatile supportive substrates for neural tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Magaz
- Department of Materials and Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634, Singapore
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Julie E Gough
- Department of Materials and Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonny J Blaker
- Department of Materials and Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0317, Norway.
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18
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Proton Conduction via Water Bridges Hydrated in the Collagen Film. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:jfb11030061. [PMID: 32887392 PMCID: PMC7563757 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen films with proton conduction are a candidate of next generation of fuel-cell electrolyte. To clarify a relation between proton conductivity and formation of water networks in the collagen film originating from a tilapia’s scale, we systematically measured the ac conductivity, infrared absorption spectrum, and weight change as a function of relative humidity (RH) at room temperature. The integrated absorbance concerning an O–H stretching mode of water molecules increases above 60% RH in accordance with the weight change. The dc conductivity varies in the vicinity of 60 and 83% RH. From those results, we have determined the dc conductivity vs. hydration number (N) per unit (Gly-X-Y). The proton conduction is negligible in the collagen molecule itself, but dominated by the hydration shell, the development of which is characterized with three regions. For 0 < N < 2, the conductivity is extremely small, because the water molecule in the primary hydration shell has a little hydrogen bonded with each other. For 2 < N < 4, a quasi-one-dimensional proton conduction occurs through intra-water bridges in the helix. For 4 < N, the water molecule fills the helix, and inter-water bridges are formed in between the adjacent helices, so that a proton-conducting network is extended three dimensional.
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19
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Magaz A, Ashton MD, Hathout RM, Li X, Hardy JG, Blaker JJ. Electroresponsive Silk-Based Biohybrid Composites for Electrochemically Controlled Growth Factor Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E742. [PMID: 32784563 PMCID: PMC7463593 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials are very attractive candidates for on-demand drug delivery applications. Precise control over therapeutic agents in a local area is particularly enticing to regulate the biological repair process and promote tissue regeneration. Macromolecular therapeutics are difficult to embed for delivery, and achieving controlled release over long-term periods, which is required for tissue repair and regeneration, is challenging. Biohybrid composites incorporating natural biopolymers and electroconductive/active moieties are emerging as functional materials to be used as coatings, implants or scaffolds in regenerative medicine. Here, we report the development of electroresponsive biohybrid composites based on Bombyx mori silkworm fibroin and reduced graphene oxide that are electrostatically loaded with a high-molecular-weight therapeutic (i.e., 26 kDa nerve growth factor-β (NGF-β)). NGF-β-loaded composite films were shown to control the release of the drug over a 10-day period in a pulsatile fashion upon the on/off application of an electrical stimulus. The results shown here pave the way for personalized and biologically responsive scaffolds, coatings and implantable devices to be used in neural tissue engineering applications, and could be translated to other electrically sensitive tissues as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Magaz
- Department of Materials and Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Mark D. Ashton
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK;
| | - Rania M. Hathout
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - John G. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK;
- Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Jonny J. Blaker
- Department of Materials and Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
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20
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Zhong H, Wu G, Fu Z, Lv H, Xu G, Wang R. Flexible Porous Organic Polymer Membranes for Protonic Field-Effect Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000730. [PMID: 32301209 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Artificial transistors represent an ideal means for meeting the requirements in interfacing with biological systems. It is pivotal to develop new proton-conductive materials for the transduction between biochemical events and electronic signals. Herein, the first demonstration of a porous organic polymer membrane (POPM) as a proton-conductive material for protonic field-effect transistors is presented. The POPM is readily prepared through a thiourea-formation condensation reaction. Under hydrated conditions and at room temperature, the POPM delivers a proton mobility of 5.7 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 ; the charge carrier densities are successfully modulated from 4.3 × 1017 to 14.1 × 1017 cm-3 by the gate voltage. This study provides a type of promising modular proton-conductive materials for bioelectronics application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guodong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Zhihua Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Haowei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruihu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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21
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Meinnel T, Dian C, Giglione C. Myristoylation, an Ancient Protein Modification Mirroring Eukaryogenesis and Evolution. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:619-632. [PMID: 32305250 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-myristoylation (MYR) is a crucial fatty acylation catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferases (NMTs) that is likely to have appeared over 2 billion years ago. Proteome-wide approaches have now delivered an exhaustive list of substrates undergoing MYR across approximately 2% of any proteome, with constituents, several unexpected, associated with different membrane compartments. A set of <10 proteins conserved in eukaryotes probably represents the original set of N-myristoylated targets, marking major changes occurring throughout eukaryogenesis. Recent findings have revealed unexpected mechanisms and reactivity, suggesting competition with other acylations that are likely to influence cellular homeostasis and the steady state of the modification landscape. Here, we review recent advances in NMT catalysis, substrate specificity, and MYR proteomics, and discuss concepts regarding MYR during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Meinnel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Cyril Dian
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carmela Giglione
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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22
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Seitanidou M, Blomgran R, Pushpamithran G, Berggren M, Simon DT. Modulating Inflammation in Monocytes Using Capillary Fiber Organic Electronic Ion Pumps. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900813. [PMID: 31502760 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An organic electronic ion pump (OEIP) delivers ions and drugs from a source, through a charge selective membrane, to a target upon an electric bias. Miniaturization of this technology is crucial and will provide several advantages, ranging from better spatiotemporal control of delivery to reduced invasiveness for implanted OEIPs. To miniaturize OEIPs, new configurations have been developed based on glass capillary fibers filled with an anion exchange membrane (AEM). Fiber capillary OEIPs can be easily implanted in proximity to targeted cells and tissues. Herein, the efficacy of such a fiber capillary OEIP for modulation of inflammation in human monocytes is demonstrated. The devices are located on inflammatory monocytes and local delivery of salicylic acid (SA) is initiated. Highly localized SA delivery results in a significant decrease in cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6) levels after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The findings-the first use of such capillary OEIPs in mammalian cells or systems-demonstrate the utility of the technology for optimizing transport and delivery of different therapeutic substances at low concentrations, with the benefit of local and controlled administration that limits the adverse effect of oral/systemic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Seitanidou
- Laboratory of Organic ElectronicsDepartment of Science and TechnologyLinköping University 60174 Norrköping Sweden
| | - Robert Blomgran
- Division of Medical MicrobiologyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineLinköping University 581 85 Linköping Sweden
| | - Giggil Pushpamithran
- Division of Medical MicrobiologyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineLinköping University 581 85 Linköping Sweden
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic ElectronicsDepartment of Science and TechnologyLinköping University 60174 Norrköping Sweden
| | - Daniel T. Simon
- Laboratory of Organic ElectronicsDepartment of Science and TechnologyLinköping University 60174 Norrköping Sweden
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23
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Dong HC, Hoang HT, Tran DM, Phan TB, Bureekaew S, Kawazoe Y, Le HM. A proton transfer mechanism along the PO 4 anion chain in the [Zn(HPO 4)(H 2PO 4)] 2- coordination polymer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:18605-18611. [PMID: 31414089 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we revisit the proton transfer mechanism in [Zn(HPO4)(H2PO4)]2-, a coordination polymer possessing high proton conductivity. In a previous report [N. Phattharasupakun, J. Wutthiprom, S. Kaenket, Th. Maihom, J. Limtrakul, M. Probst, S. S. Nagarkar, S. Horike and M. Sawangphruk, Chem. Commun., 2017, 53, 11786-11789], it was hypothesized that protons could move along the ImH+ chain involving phosphate anions within the polymer structure, with energy barriers >1.3 eV. Adopting M06-2X calculations to examine the reaction pathway, we observe that it is much more favorable for H+ to move along a one-dimensional channel formed by HPO42- and H2PO4- anions. Within a unit cell, the proton hopping process can be divided into three elementary steps. For the forward proton transfer direction, the maximum energy barrier is only 0.04 eV, while that of the backward direction is 0.27 eV. Even though the barriers of the backward direction seem to outreach the barriers of the forward direction, both are still low in comparison with those reported in the literature. Moreover, we also point out the involvement of PO4 rotation during the proton transfer process. Activation energies of 0.37 eV and 0.15 eV are required for single steps of rotation of the phosphate anion. Both H+ translation (hopping) and rotation steps of PO4 anions simultaneously participate in the course of proton transfer in the coordination polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu C Dong
- Center for Innovative Materials and Architectures (INOMAR), Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Vietnam.
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24
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Lusk BG. Thermophiles; or, the Modern Prometheus: The Importance of Extreme Microorganisms for Understanding and Applying Extracellular Electron Transfer. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:818. [PMID: 31080440 PMCID: PMC6497744 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately four billion years ago, the first microorganisms to thrive on earth were anaerobic chemoautotrophic thermophiles, a specific group of extremophiles that survive and operate at temperatures ∼50 - 125°C and do not use molecular oxygen (O2) for respiration. Instead, these microorganisms performed respiration via dissimilatory metal reduction by transferring their electrons extracellularly to insoluble electron acceptors. Genetic evidence suggests that Gram-positive thermophilic bacteria capable of extracellular electron transfer (EET) are positioned close to the root of the Bacteria kingdom on the tree of life. On the contrary, EET in Gram-negative mesophilic bacteria is a relatively new phenomenon that is evolutionarily distinct from Gram-positive bacteria. This suggests that EET evolved separately in Gram-positive thermophiles and Gram-negative mesophiles, and that EET in these bacterial types is a result of a convergent evolutionary process leading to homoplasy. Thus, the study of dissimilatory metal reducing thermophiles provides a glimpse into some of Earth's earliest forms of respiration. This will provide new insights for understanding biogeochemistry and the development of early Earth in addition to providing unique avenues for exploration and discovery in astrobiology. Lastly, the physiological composition of Gram-positive thermophiles, coupled with the kinetic and thermodynamic consequences of surviving at elevated temperatures, makes them ideal candidates for developing new mathematical models and designing innovative next-generation biotechnologies. KEY CONCEPTS Anaerobe: organism that does not require oxygen for growth. Chemoautotroph: organism that obtains energy by oxidizing inorganic electron donors. Convergent Evolution: process in which organisms which are not closely related independently evolve similar traits due to adapting to similar ecological niches and/or environments. Dissimilatory Metal Reduction: reduction of a metal or metalloid that uses electrons from oxidized organic or inorganic electron donors. Exoelectrogen: microorganism that performs dissimilatory metal reduction via extracellular electron transfer. Extremophiles: organisms that thrive in physical or geochemical conditions that are considered detrimental to most life on Earth. Homoplasy: a character shared by a set of species that is not shared by a common ancestor Non-synonymous Substitutions (K a ): a substitution of a nucleotide that changes a codon sequence resulting in a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein. Synonymous Substitutions (K s ): a substitution of a nucleotide that may change a codon sequence, but results in no change in the amino acid sequence of a protein. Thermophiles: a specific group of extremophiles that survive and operate at temperatures ∼50-125°C.
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25
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Selberg J, Jia M, Rolandi M. Proton conductivity of glycosaminoglycans. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0202713. [PMID: 30849116 PMCID: PMC6407855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton conductivity is important in many natural phenomena including oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and archaea, uncoupling membrane potentials by the antibiotic Gramicidin, and proton actuated bioluminescence in dinoflagellate. In all of these phenomena, the conduction of protons occurs along chains of hydrogen bonds between water and hydrophilic residues. These chains of hydrogen bonds are also present in many hydrated biopolymers and macromolecule including collagen, keratin, chitosan, and various proteins such as reflectin. All of these materials are also proton conductors. Recently, our group has discovered that the jelly found in the Ampullae of Lorenzini- shark’s electro-sensing organs- is the highest naturally occurring proton conducting substance. The jelly has a complex composition, but we proposed that the conductivity is due to the glycosaminoglycan keratan sulfate (KS). Here we measure the proton conductivity of hydrated keratan sulfate purified from Bovine Cornea. PdHx contacts at 0.50 ± 0.11 mS cm -1, which is consistent to that of Ampullae of Lorenzini jelly at 2 ± 1 mS cm -1. Proton conductivity, albeit with lower values, is also shared by other glycosaminoglycans with similar chemical structures including dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate A, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid. This observation supports the relationship between proton conductivity and the chemical structure of biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Selberg
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
| | - Manping Jia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Hemmatian Z, Tunuguntla RH, Noy A, Rolandi M. Electronic control of H+ current in a bioprotonic device with carbon nanotube porins. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212197. [PMID: 30794578 PMCID: PMC6386364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid biotic abiotic devices can be used to interface electronics with biological systems for novel therapies or to increase device functionality beyond silicon. Many strategies exist to merge the electronic and biological worlds, one dominated by electrons and holes as charge carriers, the other by ions. In the biological world, lipid bilayers and ion channels are essential to compartmentalize the cell machinery and regulate ionic fluxes across the cell membrane. Here, we demonstrate a bioelectronic device in which a lipid bilayer supported on H+-conducting Pd/PdHx contacts contains carbon nanotubes porin (CNTP) channels. This bioelectronic device uses CNTPs to control of H+ flow across the lipid bilayer with a voltage applied to the Pd/PdHx contacts. Potential applications of these devices include local pH sensing and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
| | - Ramya H. Tunuguntla
- Physics and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States of America
| | - Aleksandr Noy
- Physics and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States of America
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, United States of America
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
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27
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Yang J, Zhu W, Zhang X, Chen F, Jiang L. Gated ion transport through layered graphene oxide membranes. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00460b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The gate-induced directional ion transport in 2D layered materials provides a new way for effective control over the transport behaviors in synthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Fengxiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
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28
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Amdursky N, Głowacki ED, Meredith P. Macroscale Biomolecular Electronics and Ionics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1802221. [PMID: 30334284 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The conduction of ions and electrons over multiple length scales is central to the processes that drive the biological world. The multidisciplinary attempts to elucidate the physics and chemistry of electron, proton, and ion transfer in biological charge transfer have focused primarily on the nano- and microscales. However, recently significant progress has been made on biomolecular materials that can support ion and electron currents over millimeters if not centimeters. Likewise, similar transport phenomena in organic semiconductors and ionics have led to new innovations in a wide variety of applications from energy generation and storage to displays and bioelectronics. Here, the underlying principles of conduction on the macroscale in biomolecular materials are discussed, highlighting recent examples, and particularly the establishment of accurate structure-property relationships to guide rationale material and device design. The technological viability of biomolecular electronics and ionics is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Bredgatan 33, SE-60174, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Paul Meredith
- Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
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29
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Ing NL, El-Naggar MY, Hochbaum AI. Going the Distance: Long-Range Conductivity in Protein and Peptide Bioelectronic Materials. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10403-10423. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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30
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Patel HA, Selberg J, Salah D, Chen H, Liao Y, Mohan Nalluri SK, Farha OK, Snurr RQ, Rolandi M, Stoddart JF. Proton Conduction in Tröger's Base-Linked Poly(crown ether)s. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:25303-25310. [PMID: 29869495 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Exactly 50 years ago, the ground-breaking discovery of dibenzo[18]crown-6 (DB18C6) by Charles Pedersen led to the use of DB18C6 as a receptor in supramolecular chemistry and a host in host-guest chemistry. We have demonstrated proton conductivity in Tröger's base-linked polymers through hydrogen-bonded networks formed from adsorbed water molecules on the oxygen atoms of DB18C6 under humid conditions. Tröger's base-linked polymers-poly(TBL-DB18C6)- t and poly(TBL-DB18C6)- c-synthesized by the in situ alkylation and cyclization of either trans- or cis-di(aminobenzo) [18]crown-6 at room temperature have been isolated as high-molecular-weight polymers. The macromolecular structures of the isomeric poly(TBL-DB18C6)s have been established by spectroscopic techniques and size-exclusion chromatography. The excellent solubility of these polymers in chloroform allows the formation of freestanding membranes, which are thermally stable and also show stability under aqueous conditions. The hydrophilic nature of the DB18C6 building blocks in the polymer facilitates retention of water as confirmed by water vapor adsorption isotherms, which show a 23 wt % water uptake. The adsorbed water is retained even after reducing the relative humidity to 25%. The proton conductivity of poly(TBL-DB18C6)- t, which is found to be 1.4 × 10-4 mS cm-1 in a humid environment, arises from the hydrogen bonding and the associated proton-hopping mechanism, as supported by a modeling study. In addition to proton conductivity, the Tröger's base-linked polymers reported here promise a wide range of applications where the sub-nanometer-sized cavities of the crown ethers and the robust film-forming ability are the governing factors in dictating their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Selberg
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Dhafer Salah
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) , Riyadh 11442 , Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
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A protonic biotransducer controlling mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10423. [PMID: 30002478 PMCID: PMC6043558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, protons (H+) play an important role in biological activities such as in mitochondrial ATP synthesis, which is driven by a H+ gradient across the inner membrane, or in the activation of acid sensing ion channels in neuron cells. Bioprotonic devices directly interface with the H+ concentration (pH) to facilitate engineered interactions with these biochemical processes. Here we develop a H+ biotransducer that changes the pH in a mitochondrial matrix by controlling the flow of H+ between a conductive polymer of sulfonated polyaniline and solution. We have successfully modulated the rate of ATP synthesis in mitochondria by altering the solution pH. Our H+ biotransducer provides a new way to monitor and modulate pH dependent biological functions at the interface between the electronic devices and biological materials.
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32
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Hemmatian Z, Jalilian E, Lee S, Strakosas X, Khademhosseini A, Almutairi A, Shin SR, Rolandi M. Delivery of Cargo with a Bioelectronic Trigger. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21782-21787. [PMID: 29905062 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems exchange information often with chemical signals. Here, we demonstrate the chemical delivery of a fluorescent label using a bioelectronic trigger. Acid-sensitive microparticles release fluorescin diacetate upon low pH induced by a bioelectronic device. Cardiac fibroblast cells (CFs) uptake fluorescin diacetate, which transforms into fluorescein and emits a fluorescent signal. This proof-of-concept bioelectronic triggered delivery may be used in the future for real-time programming and control of cells and cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Elmira Jalilian
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology , University College London , London EC1V 9EL , United Kingdom
| | | | - Xenofon Strakosas
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Physics , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21569 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology , Konkuk University , Seoul 143-701 , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
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Kautz R, Ordinario DD, Tyagi V, Patel P, Nguyen TN, Gorodetsky AA. Cephalopod-Derived Biopolymers for Ionic and Protonic Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704917. [PMID: 29656448 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cephalopods (e.g., squid, octopuses, and cuttlefish) have long fascinated scientists and the general public alike due to their complex behavioral characteristics and remarkable camouflage abilities. As such, these animals are explored as model systems in neuroscience and represent a well-known commercial resource. Herein, selected literature examples related to the electrical properties of cephalopod-derived biopolymers (eumelanins, chitosans, and reflectins) and to the use of these materials in voltage-gated devices (i.e., transistors) are highlighted. Moreover, some potential future directions and challenges in this area are described, with the aim of inspiring additional research effort on ionic and protonic transistors from cephalopod-derived biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rylan Kautz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - David D Ordinario
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Vivek Tyagi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Priyam Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Tam N Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alon A Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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34
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Mostert AB, Rienecker SB, Noble C, Hanson GR, Meredith P. The photoreactive free radical in eumelanin. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaaq1293. [PMID: 29600273 PMCID: PMC5873843 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaq1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Melanin is the primary photoprotecting pigment in humans as well as being implicated in the development of deadly melanoma. The material also conducts electricity and has thus become a bioelectronic model for proton-to-electron transduction. Central to these phenomena are its spin properties-notably two linked species derived from carbon-centered and semiquinone radicals. Using a novel in situ photoinduced electron paramagnetic resonance technique with simultaneous electrical measurements, we have elucidated for the first time the distinct photoreactivity of the two different radical species. We find that the production of the semiquinone is light- and water-driven, explaining the electrical properties and revealing biologically relevant photoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertus B. Mostert
- Department of Chemistry, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Shermiyah B. Rienecker
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Christopher Noble
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Graeme R. Hanson
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paul Meredith
- Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
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35
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Amit M, Roy S, Deng Y, Josberger E, Rolandi M, Ashkenasy N. Measuring Proton Currents of Bioinspired Materials with Metallic Contacts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:1933-1938. [PMID: 29265803 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Charge transfer at the interface between the active layer and the contact is essential in any device. Transfer of electronic charges across the contact/active layer interface with metal contacts is well-understood. To this end, noble metals, such as gold or platinum, are widely used. With these contacts, ionic currents (especially protonic) are often neglected because ions and protons do not transfer across the interface between the contact and the active layer. Palladium hydride contacts have emerged as good contacts to measure proton currents because of a reversible redox reaction at the interface and subsequent absorption/desorption of H into palladium, translating the proton flow reaching the interface into an electron flow at the outer circuit. Here, we demonstrate that gold and palladium contacts also collect proton currents, especially under high relative humidity conditions because of electrochemical reactions at the interface. A marked kinetic isotope effect, which is a signature of proton currents, is observed with gold and palladium contacts, indicating both bulk and contact processes involving proton transfer. These phenomena are attributed to electrochemical processes involving water splitting at the interface. In addition to promoting charge transfer at the interface, these interfacial electrochemical processes inject charge carriers into the active layer and hence can also modulate the bulk resistivity of the materials, as was found for the studied peptide fibril films. We conclude that proton currents may not be neglected a priori when performing electronic measurements on biological and bioinspired materials with gold and palladium contacts under high humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yingxin Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Erik Josberger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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36
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Strakosas X, Selberg J, Hemmatian Z, Rolandi M. Taking Electrons out of Bioelectronics: From Bioprotonic Transistors to Ion Channels. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600527. [PMID: 28725527 PMCID: PMC5515233 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
From cell-to-cell communication to metabolic reactions, ions and protons (H+) play a central role in many biological processes. Examples of H+ in action include oxidative phosphorylation, acid sensitive ion channels, and pH dependent enzymatic reactions. To monitor and control biological reactions in biology and medicine, it is desirable to have electronic devices with ionic and protonic currents. Here, we summarize our latest efforts on bioprotonic devices that monitor and control a current of H+ in physiological conditions, and discuss future potential applications. Specifically, we describe the integration of these devices with enzymatic logic gates, bioluminescent reactions, and ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenofon Strakosas
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - John Selberg
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
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37
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Peng S, Lal A, Luo D, Lu Y. An optically-gated AuNP-DNA protonic transistor. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:6953-6958. [PMID: 28451677 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08944e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bio-interface transistors, which manipulate the transportation of ions (i.e. protons), play an important role in bridging physical devices with biological functionalities, because electrical signals are carried by ions/protons in biological systems. All available ionic transistors use electrostatic gates to tune the ionic carrier density, which requires complicated interconnect wires. In contrast, an optical gate, which offers the advantages of remote control as well as multiple light wavelength selections, has never been explored for ionic devices. Here, we demonstrate a light-gated protonic transistor fabricated from an Au nanoparticle and DNA (AuNP-DNA) hybrid membrane. The device can be turned on and off completely by using light, with a high on/off current ratio of up to 2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, the device only responds to specific light wavelengths due to the plasmonic effect from the AuNPs, which enables the capability of wavelength selectivity. Our results open up new avenues for exploring remotely controlled ionic circuits, in vivo protonic switches, and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songming Peng
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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38
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Fischer SA, Dunlap BI, Gunlycke D. Proton transport through hydrated chitosan-based polymer membranes under electric fields. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett I. Dunlap
- Chemistry Division; Naval Research Laboratory; Washington DC 20375
| | - Daniel Gunlycke
- Chemistry Division; Naval Research Laboratory; Washington DC 20375
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39
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Nagarkar SS, Horike S, Itakura T, Le Ouay B, Demessence A, Tsujimoto M, Kitagawa S. Enhanced and Optically Switchable Proton Conductivity in a Melting Coordination Polymer Crystal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4976-4981. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjog S. Nagarkar
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Tomoya Itakura
- DENSO Corporation; 1-1, Showa-cho Kariya Aichi 448-8661 Japan
| | - Benjamin Le Ouay
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Aude Demessence
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), UMR CNRS 5256; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Villeurbanne France
| | - Masahiko Tsujimoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Susumu Kitagawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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40
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Nagarkar SS, Horike S, Itakura T, Le Ouay B, Demessence A, Tsujimoto M, Kitagawa S. Enhanced and Optically Switchable Proton Conductivity in a Melting Coordination Polymer Crystal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjog S. Nagarkar
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Tomoya Itakura
- DENSO Corporation; 1-1, Showa-cho Kariya Aichi 448-8661 Japan
| | - Benjamin Le Ouay
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Aude Demessence
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), UMR CNRS 5256; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Villeurbanne France
| | - Masahiko Tsujimoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Susumu Kitagawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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41
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Carrad DJ, Mostert AB, Ullah AR, Burke AM, Joyce HJ, Tan HH, Jagadish C, Krogstrup P, Nygård J, Meredith P, Micolich AP. Hybrid Nanowire Ion-to-Electron Transducers for Integrated Bioelectronic Circuitry. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:827-833. [PMID: 28002672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A key task in the emerging field of bioelectronics is the transduction between ionic/protonic and electronic signals at high fidelity. This is a considerable challenge since the two carrier types exhibit intrinsically different physics and are best supported by very different materials types-electronic signals in inorganic semiconductors and ionic/protonic signals in organic or bio-organic polymers, gels, or electrolytes. Here we demonstrate a new class of organic-inorganic transducing interface featuring semiconducting nanowires electrostatically gated using a solid proton-transporting hygroscopic polymer. This model platform allows us to study the basic transducing mechanisms as well as deliver high fidelity signal conversion by tapping into and drawing together the best candidates from traditionally disparate realms of electronic materials research. By combining complementary n- and p-type transducers we demonstrate functional logic with significant potential for scaling toward high-density integrated bioelectronic circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Carrad
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München , Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - A B Mostert
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - A R Ullah
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - A M Burke
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Solid State Physics/NanoLund, Lund University , SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - H J Joyce
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, U.K
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - H H Tan
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - C Jagadish
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - P Krogstrup
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Nygård
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Meredith
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Physics Department, Swansea University , Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, U.K
| | - A P Micolich
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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42
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43
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Naughton KL, Phan L, Leung EM, Kautz R, Lin Q, Van Dyke Y, Marmiroli B, Sartori B, Arvai A, Li S, Pique ME, Naeim M, Kerr JP, Aquino MJ, Roberts VA, Getzoff ED, Zhu C, Bernstorff S, Gorodetsky AA. Self-Assembly of the Cephalopod Protein Reflectin. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8405-8412. [PMID: 27454809 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Films from the cephalopod protein reflectin demonstrate multifaceted functionality as infrared camouflage coatings, proton transport media, and substrates for growth of neural stem cells. A detailed study of the in vitro formation, structural characteristics, and stimulus response of such films is presented. The reported observations hold implications for the design and development of advanced cephalopod-inspired functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L Naughton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Long Phan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Erica M Leung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rylan Kautz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Qiyin Lin
- Laboratory for Electron and X-Ray Instrumentation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yegor Van Dyke
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Benedetta Marmiroli
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Sartori
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andy Arvai
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Michael E Pique
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Mahan Naeim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Justin P Kerr
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Mercedeez J Aquino
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Victoria A Roberts
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Getzoff
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alon A Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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44
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Feng P, Du P, Wan C, Shi Y, Wan Q. Proton Conducting Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Composite Electrolytes as Gate Dielectrics for New-Concept Devices. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34065. [PMID: 27688042 PMCID: PMC5043185 DOI: 10.1038/srep34065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
New-concept devices featuring the characteristics of ultralow operation voltages and low fabrication cost have received increasing attention recently because they can supplement traditional Si-based electronics. Also, organic/inorganic composite systems can offer an attractive strategy to combine the merits of organic and inorganic materials into promising electronic devices. In this report, solution-processed graphene oxide/chitosan composite film was found to be an excellent proton conducting electrolyte with a high specific capacitance of ~3.2 μF/cm2 at 1.0 Hz, and it was used to fabricate multi-gate electric double layer transistors. Dual-gate AND logic operation and two-terminal diode operation were realized in a single device. A two-terminal synaptic device was proposed, and some important synaptic behaviors were emulated, which is interesting for neuromorphic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Feng
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices &Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.,School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Peifu Du
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Changjin Wan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qing Wan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices &Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.,School of Electronic Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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45
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Soto-Rodríguez J, Hemmatian Z, Josberger EE, Rolandi M, Baneyx F. A Palladium-Binding Deltarhodopsin for Light-Activated Conversion of Protonic to Electronic Currents. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:6581-5. [PMID: 27185384 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fusion of a palladium-binding peptide to an archaeal rhodopsin promotes intimate integration of the lipid-embedded membrane protein with a palladium hydride protonic contact. Devices fabricated with the palladium-binding deltarhodopsin enable light-activated conversion of protonic currents to electronic currents with on/off responses complete in seconds and a nearly tenfold increase in electrical signal relative to those made with the wild-type protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Erik E Josberger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - François Baneyx
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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46
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Josberger EE, Hassanzadeh P, Deng Y, Sohn J, Rego MJ, Amemiya CT, Rolandi M. Proton conductivity in ampullae of Lorenzini jelly. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600112. [PMID: 27386543 PMCID: PMC4928922 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In 1678, Stefano Lorenzini first described a network of organs of unknown function in the torpedo ray-the ampullae of Lorenzini (AoL). An individual ampulla consists of a pore on the skin that is open to the environment, a canal containing a jelly and leading to an alveolus with a series of electrosensing cells. The role of the AoL remained a mystery for almost 300 years until research demonstrated that skates, sharks, and rays detect very weak electric fields produced by a potential prey. The AoL jelly likely contributes to this electrosensing function, yet the exact details of this contribution remain unclear. We measure the proton conductivity of the AoL jelly extracted from skates and sharks. The room-temperature proton conductivity of the AoL jelly is very high at 2 ± 1 mS/cm. This conductivity is only 40-fold lower than the current state-of-the-art proton-conducting polymer Nafion, and it is the highest reported for a biological material so far. We suggest that keratan sulfate, identified previously in the AoL jelly and confirmed here, may contribute to the high proton conductivity of the AoL jelly with its sulfate groups-acid groups and proton donors. We hope that the observed high proton conductivity of the AoL jelly may contribute to future studies of the AoL function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik E. Josberger
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pegah Hassanzadeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Yingxin Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Joel Sohn
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | - Chris T. Amemiya
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Amdursky N, Wang X, Meredith P, Bradley DDC, Stevens MM. Long-Range Proton Conduction across Free-Standing Serum Albumin Mats. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:2692-8. [PMID: 26840865 PMCID: PMC4862025 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing serum-albumin mats can transport protons over millimetre length-scales. The results of photoinduced proton transfer and voltage-driven proton-conductivity measurements, together with temperature-dependent and isotope-effect studies, suggest that oxo-amino-acids of the protein serum albumin play a major role in the translocation of protons via an "over-the-barrier" hopping mechanism. The use of proton-conducting protein mats opens new possibilities for bioelectronic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Amdursky
- Departments of Materials, Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xuhua Wang
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Paul Meredith
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Donal D C Bradley
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Departments of Materials, Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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48
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Proton mediated control of biochemical reactions with bioelectronic pH modulation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24080. [PMID: 27052724 PMCID: PMC4823714 DOI: 10.1038/srep24080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In Nature, protons (H+) can mediate metabolic process through enzymatic reactions. Examples include glucose oxidation with glucose dehydrogenase to regulate blood glucose level, alcohol dissolution into carboxylic acid through alcohol dehydrogenase, and voltage-regulated H+ channels activating bioluminescence in firefly and jellyfish. Artificial devices that control H+ currents and H+ concentration (pH) are able to actively influence biochemical processes. Here, we demonstrate a biotransducer that monitors and actively regulates pH-responsive enzymatic reactions by monitoring and controlling the flow of H+ between PdHx contacts and solution. The present transducer records bistable pH modulation from an “enzymatic flip-flop” circuit that comprises glucose dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase. The transducer also controls bioluminescence from firefly luciferase by affecting solution pH.
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Raeis-Hosseini N, Lee JS. Controlling the Resistive Switching Behavior in Starch-Based Flexible Biomemristors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7326-32. [PMID: 26919221 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of biocompatible materials in resistive switching memory (ReRAM) devices provides opportunities to use them in biomedical applications. We demonstrate a robust, nonvolatile, flexible, and transparent ReRAM based on potato starch. We also introduce a biomolecular memory device that has a starch-chitosan composite layer. The ReRAM behavior can be controlled by mixing starch with chitosan in the resistive switching layer. Whereas starch-based biomemory devices which show abrupt changes in current level; the memory device with mixed biopolymers undergoes gradual changes. Both devices exhibit uniform and robust programmable memory properties for nonvolatile memory applications. The explicated source of the bipolar resistive switching behavior is assigned to formation and rupture of carbon-rich filaments. The gradual set/reset behavior in the memory device based on a starch-chitosan mixture makes it suitable for use in neuromorphic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Raeis-Hosseini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - Jang-Sik Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 790-784, South Korea
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50
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Lerner Yardeni J, Amit M, Ashkenasy G, Ashkenasy N. Sequence dependent proton conduction in self-assembled peptide nanostructures. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:2358-2366. [PMID: 26750973 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of diverse electrochemistry technologies depends on the development of novel proton conducting polymers. Inspired by the efficacy of proton transport through proteins, we show in this work that self-assembling peptide nanostructures may be a promising alternative for such organic proton conducting materials. We demonstrate that aromatic amino acids, which participate in charge transport in nature, unprecedentedly promote proton conduction under both high and low relative humidity conditions for d,l α-cyclic peptide nanotubes. For dehydrated networks long-range order of the assemblies, induced by the aromatic side chains, is shown to be a dominating factor for promoting conductivity. However, for hydrated networks this order of effect is less significant and conductivity can be improved by the introduction of proton donating carboxylic acid peptide side chains in addition to the aromatic side chains despite the lower order of the assemblies. Based on these observations, a novel cyclic peptide that incorporates non-natural naphthyl side chains was designed. Self-assembled nanotubes of this peptide show greatly improved dehydrated conductivity, while maintaining high conductivity under hydrated conditions. We envision that the demonstrated modularity and versatility of these bio inspired nanostructures will make them extremely attractive building blocks for the fabrication of devices for energy conversion and storage applications, as well as other applications that involve proton transport, whether dry or wet conductivity is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lerner Yardeni
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. and Department of chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Moran Amit
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Gonen Ashkenasy
- Department of chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel and The Ilze Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Nurit Ashkenasy
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. and The Ilze Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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