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Yang Y, Wang Y, Jiang X, Mi J, Ge D, Tong Y, Zhu Y. Modified Ce/Zr-MOF Nanoparticles Loaded with Curcumin for Alzheimer's Disease via Multifunctional Modulation. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:9943-9959. [PMID: 39355653 PMCID: PMC11444058 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s479242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition, stands as the most prevalent form of dementia. Its complex pathological mechanisms and the formidable blood-brain barrier (BBB) pose significant challenges to current treatment approaches. Oxidative stress is recognized as a central factor in AD, underscoring the importance of antioxidative strategies in its treatment. In this study, we developed a novel brain-targeted nanoparticle, Ce/Zr-MOF@Cur-Lf, for AD therapy. Methods Layer-by-layer self-assembly technology was used to prepare Ce/Zr-MOF@Cur-Lf. In addition, the effect on the intracellular reactive oxygen species level, the uptake effect by PC12 and bEnd.3 cells and the in vitro BBB permeation effect were investigated. Finally, the mouse AD model was established by intrahippocampal injection of Aβ1-42, and the in vivo biodistribution, AD therapeutic effect and biosafety of the nanoparticles were researched at the animal level. Results As anticipated, Ce/Zr-MOF@Cur-Lf demonstrated efficient BBB penetration and uptake by PC12 cells, leading to attenuation of H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Moreover, intravenous administration of Ce/Zr-MOF@Cur-Lf resulted in rapid brain access and improvement of various pathological features of AD, including neuronal damage, amyloid-β deposition, dysregulated central cholinergic system, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Conclusion Overall, Ce/Zr-MOF@Cur-Lf represents a promising approach for precise brain targeting and multi-target mechanisms in AD therapy, potentially serving as a viable option for future clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinran Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Mi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dizhang Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Aba, 624000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuna Tong
- Department of Nephrology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Aba, 624000, People’s Republic of China
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Guo W, Ji M, Li Y, Qian M, Qin Y, Li W, Nie H, Lv W, Jiang G, Huang R, Lin C, Li H, Huang R. Iron ions-sequestrable and antioxidative carbon dot-based nano-formulation with nitric oxide release for Parkinson's disease treatment. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122622. [PMID: 38797119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Nondestructive penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to specifically prevent iron deposition and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) shows great potential for treating Parkinson's disease (PD). However, effective agents with distinct mechanisms of action remain scarce. Herein, a N-doping carbon dot (CD) emitting red light was prepared, which can sacrifice ROS and produce nitric oxide (NO) owing to its surface N-involved groups conjugated to the sp2-hybrided π-system. Meanwhile, CD can chelate iron ions, thus depressing the catalytic Fe cycle and *OH detaching to inhibit the Fenton reaction. By modifying lactoferrin (Lf) via polyethylene glycol (PEG), the resulting CD-PEG-Lf (CPL) can nondestructively cross the BBB, targeting the dopaminergic neurons via both NO-mediated reversible BBB opening and Lf receptor-mediated transportation. Accordingly, it can serve as an antioxidant, reducing oxidative stress via its unique iron chelation, free radical sacrificing, and synergy with iron reflux prevention originating from Lf. Thus, it can significantly reduce brain inflammation and improve the behavioral performance of PD mice. Additionally, CPL can image the PD via its red fluorescence. Finally, this platform can be metabolized out of the brain through cerebrospinal fluid circulation without causing obvious side effects, promising a robust treatment for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Min Ji
- Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Min Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanhui Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenshuai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huifang Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenxin Lv
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Guangwei Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chenteng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rongqin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Qian ZM, Li W, Guo Q. Lactoferrin/lactoferrin receptor: Neurodegenerative or neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease? Ageing Res Rev 2024; 101:102474. [PMID: 39197711 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a multifunctional protein in the transferrin family. It is involved in many physiological functions, including the regulation of iron absorption and immune response. It also has antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant capabilities under pathophysiological conditions. The mammalian lactoferrin receptor (LfR) plays a key role in mediating multiple functions of Lf. Studies have shown that Lf/LfR is abnormally expressed in the brain of Parkinson's disease, and the excessive accumulation of iron in the brain caused by the overexpression of Lf and LfR is considered to be one of the initial causes of the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. On the other hand, a number of recent studies have reported that Lf/LfR has a significant neuroprotective effect on Parkinson's disease. In other words, it seems paradoxical that Lf/LfR has both neurodegenerative and neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease. This article focuses on recent advances in the possible mechanisms of the neurodegenerative and neuroprotective effects of Lf/LfR in Parkinson's disease and discusses why Lf/LfR has a seemingly contradictory role in the development of Parkinson's disease. Based on the evidence obtained so far, we believed that Lf/LfR has a neuroprotective effect on Parkinson's disease, while as to whether the overexpressed Lf/LfR is the cause of the development of Parkinson's disease, the current evidence is insufficient and further investigation needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ming Qian
- Shanghai 411 Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co.Ltd. / 411 Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi Xiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi Xiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Shanghai 411 Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co.Ltd. / 411 Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Drug Delivery, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Wang Z, Liu D, Yuan H, Li A, Wang J, Zhu X, Xiu W, Zhang G, Chen Y, Chen L, Xiao X, He C, Lu F. Association of plasma lactoferrin levels with disease severity in glaucoma patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1385358. [PMID: 38873213 PMCID: PMC11169593 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1385358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between plasma lactoferrin (Lf) and glaucoma, assessing the clinical utility of Lf in glaucoma. Methods A cross-sectional study involved 161 glaucoma patients and 115 healthy controls, with a follow-up of 14 subjects after approximately 2 years. Plasma Lf markers were quantified using ELISA, comparing levels between glaucoma patients and healthy controls, and analyzing plasma Lf across different glaucoma severity grades. Results Glaucoma patients had significantly elevated plasma Lf levels compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Higher plasma Lf levels correlated with more severe disease stages (HPA grades showed ρ = 0.435, p < 0.001; AGIS grades showed ρ = 0.436, p < 0.001) and reduced retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (RNFL thickness showed ρ = -0.204, p = 0.024). ROC curve analysis demonstrated the efficacy of glaucoma markers in differentiating early-stage from advanced glaucoma. Conclusion Plasma Lf levels are significantly associated with glaucoma severity and may be involved in the pathogenic progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Donghua Liu
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - An Li
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinxia Wang
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiong Zhu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenbo Xiu
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Gao Zhang
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong He
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Miao M, Han Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhu R, Yang Y, Fu N, Li N, Sun M, Zhang J. Dysregulation of iron homeostasis and ferroptosis in sevoflurane and isoflurane associated perioperative neurocognitive disorders. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14553. [PMID: 38334231 PMCID: PMC10853900 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, sevoflurane and isoflurane are the most popular anesthetics in general anesthesia for their safe, rapid onset, and well tolerant. Nevertheless, many studies reported their neurotoxicity among pediatric and aged populations. This effect is usually manifested as cognitive impairment such as perioperative neurocognitive disorders. The wide application of sevoflurane and isoflurane during general anesthesia makes their safety a major health concern. Evidence indicates that iron dyshomeostasis and ferroptosis may establish a role in neurotoxicity of sevoflurane and isoflurane. However, the mechanisms of sevoflurane- and isoflurane-induced neuronal injury were not fully understood, which poses a barrier to the treatment of its neurotoxicity. We, therefore, reviewed the current knowledge on mechanisms of iron dyshomeostasis and ferroptosis and aimed to promote a better understanding of their roles in sevoflurane- and isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Yaqian Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Ruilou Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Yitian Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Ningning Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Mingyang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
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Wu Q, Ren Q, Meng J, Gao WJ, Chang YZ. Brain Iron Homeostasis and Mental Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1997. [PMID: 38001850 PMCID: PMC10669508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron plays an essential role in various physiological processes. A disruption in iron homeostasis can lead to severe consequences, including impaired neurodevelopment, neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and cancer. Interestingly, the link between mental health disorders and iron homeostasis has not received significant attention. Therefore, our understanding of iron metabolism in the context of psychological diseases is incomplete. In this review, we aim to discuss the pathologies and potential mechanisms that relate to iron homeostasis in associated mental disorders. We propose the hypothesis that maintaining brain iron homeostasis can support neuronal physiological functions by impacting key enzymatic activities during neurotransmission, redox balance, and myelination. In conclusion, our review highlights the importance of investigating the relationship between trace element nutrition and the pathological process of mental disorders, focusing on iron. This nutritional perspective can offer valuable insights for the clinical treatment of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China;
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan’erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Q.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Qiuyang Ren
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan’erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Q.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Jingsi Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan’erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Q.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Wei-Juan Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China;
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan’erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Q.R.); (J.M.)
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7
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Respekta N, Pich K, Mlyczyńska E, Dobrzyń K, Ramé C, Kamiński T, Smolińska N, Dupont J, Rak A. Plasma level of omentin-1, its expression, and its regulation by gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropins in porcine anterior pituitary cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19325. [PMID: 37935840 PMCID: PMC10630491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Omentin-1 (OMNT1) is an adipokine involved in the regulation of energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and reproduction. The present study was the first to investigate the plasma levels and expression of OMNT1 in the anterior pituitary (AP) gland on days 2-3, 10-12, 14-16, and 17-19 of the estrous cycle of normal-weight Large White (LW) and fat Meishan (MS) pigs. Next, we determined the effect of GnRH, LH, and FSH on the OMNT1 levels in cultured AP cells. The gene and protein expression of OMNT1 in AP fluctuated during the estrous cycle, with a higher expression in MS than in LW (except on days 10-12). However, plasma levels of OMNT1 were higher in LW than in MS. OMNT1 was localized in somatotrophs, lactotrophs, thyrotrophs, and gonadotrophs. In LW pituitary cells, GnRH and gonadotropins stimulated OMNT1 protein expression (except FSH on days 14-16) and had no effect on OMNT1 levels in the culture medium. In MS pituitary cells, we observed that GnRH and LH increased while FSH decreased OMNT1 protein expression. These findings showed OMNT1 expression and regulation in the porcine AP and suggested that OMNT1 could be a new player modifying the pituitary functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Respekta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Mlyczyńska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Dobrzyń
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Kortowo, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Christelle Ramé
- INRAE, UMR85, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Tadeusz Kamiński
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Kortowo, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nina Smolińska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Kortowo, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRAE, UMR85, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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Qian ZM, Li W, Guo Q. Ferroportin1 in the brain. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101961. [PMID: 37236369 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite years of research, it remains unclear why certain brain regions of patients with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have abnormally high levels of iron, although it has long been suggested that disrupted expression of iron-metabolizing proteins due to genetic or non-genetic factors is responsible for the enhancement in brain iron contents. In addition to the increased expression of cell-iron importers lactoferrin (lactotransferrin) receptor (LfR) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and melanotransferrin (p97) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), some investigations have suggested that cell-iron exporter ferroportin 1 (Fpn1) may be also associated with the elevated iron observed in the brain. The decreased expression of Fpn1 and the resulting decrease in the amount of iron excreted from brain cells has been thought to be able to enhance iron levels in the brain in AD, PD and other NDs. Cumulative results also suggest that the reduction of Fpn1 can be induced by hepcidin-dependent and -independent pathways. In this article, we discuss the current understanding of Fpn1 expression in the brain and cell lines of rats, mice and humans, with emphasis on the potential involvement of reduced Fpn1 in brain iron enhancement in patients with AD, PD and other NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ming Qian
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi Xiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu China 226019.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi Xiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu China 226019
| | - Qian Guo
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 881 Yonghe Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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9
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Gao G, You L, Zhang J, Chang YZ, Yu P. Brain Iron Metabolism, Redox Balance and Neurological Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1289. [PMID: 37372019 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and stroke, is increasing. An increasing number of studies have correlated these diseases with brain iron overload and the resulting oxidative damage. Brain iron deficiency has also been closely linked to neurodevelopment. These neurological disorders seriously affect the physical and mental health of patients and bring heavy economic burdens to families and society. Therefore, it is important to maintain brain iron homeostasis and to understand the mechanism of brain iron disorders affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, resulting in neural damage, cell death and, ultimately, leading to the development of disease. Evidence has shown that many therapies targeting brain iron and ROS imbalances have good preventive and therapeutic effects on neurological diseases. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms, pathogenesis and treatment strategies of brain iron metabolism disorders in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofen Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan'erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Linhao You
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan'erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan'erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan'erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Nan'erhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
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10
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Zhang YY, Li XS, Ren KD, Peng J, Luo XJ. Restoration of metal homeostasis: a potential strategy against neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101931. [PMID: 37031723 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal homeostasis is critical to normal neurophysiological activity. Metal ions are involved in the development, metabolism, redox and neurotransmitter transmission of the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, disturbance of homeostasis (such as metal deficiency or excess) can result in serious consequences, including neurooxidative stress, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and nerve cell death. The uptake, transport and metabolism of metal ions are highly regulated by ion channels. There is growing evidence that metal ion disorders and/or the dysfunction of ion channels contribute to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, metal homeostasis-related signaling pathways are emerging as promising therapeutic targets for diverse neurological diseases. This review summarizes recent advances in the studies regarding the physiological and pathophysiological functions of metal ions and their channels, as well as their role in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, currently available metal ion modulators and in vivo quantitative metal ion imaging methods are also discussed. Current work provides certain recommendations based on literatures and in-depth reflections to improve neurodegenerative diseases. Future studies should turn to crosstalk and interactions between different metal ions and their channels. Concomitant pharmacological interventions for two or more metal signaling pathways may offer clinical advantages in treating the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013,China
| | - Kai-Di Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013,China.
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11
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Naidu SAG, Wallace TC, Davies KJA, Naidu AS. Lactoferrin for Mental Health: Neuro-Redox Regulation and Neuroprotective Effects across the Blood-Brain Barrier with Special Reference to Neuro-COVID-19. J Diet Suppl 2023; 20:218-253. [PMID: 33977807 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1922567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Overall mental health depends in part on the blood-brain barrier, which regulates nutrient transfer in-and-out of the brain and its central nervous system. Lactoferrin, an innate metal-transport protein, synthesized in the substantia nigra, particularly in dopaminergic neurons and activated microglia is vital for brain physiology. Lactoferrin rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier via receptor-mediated transcytosis and accumulates in the brain capillary endothelial cells. Lactoferrin receptors are additionally present on glioma cells, brain micro-vessels, and neurons. As a regulator of neuro-redox, microglial lactoferrin is critical for protection/repair of neurons and healthy brain function. Iron imbalance and oxidative stress are common among patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, depression, and multiple sclerosis. As an endogenous iron-chelator, lactoferrin prevents iron accumulation and dopamine depletion in Parkinson's disease patients. Oral lactoferrin supplementation could modulate the p-Akt/PTEN pathway, reduce Aβ deposition, and ameliorate cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Novel lactoferrin-based nano-therapeutics have emerged as effective drug-delivery systems for clinical management of neurodegenerative disorders. Recent emergence of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, initially considered a respiratory illness, demonstrated a broader virulence spectrum with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and inflict a plethora of neuropathological manifestations in the brain - the Neuro-COVID-19. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections are widely reported in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and multiple sclerosis patients with aggravated clinical outcomes. Lactoferrin, credited with several neuroprotective benefits in the brain could serve as a potential adjuvant in the clinical management of Neuro-COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreus A G Naidu
- N-terminus Research Laboratory, Yorba Linda, California, USA
| | - Taylor C Wallace
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
- Think Healthy Group, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Division of Biogerontology, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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12
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Cao Y, Jin L, Zhang S, Lv Z, Yin N, Zhang H, Zhang T, Wang Y, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhao G. Blood-brain Barrier Permeable and Multi-stimuli Responsive Nanoplatform for Orthotopic Glioma Inhibition by Synergistic Enhanced Chemo-/Chemodynamic/Photothermal/Starvation Therapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 180:106319. [PMID: 36328086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common malignant tumor in brain, and the treatment is still a challenge owing to the high invasiveness and the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although temozolomide (TMZ) is the first line medication, its efficacy is not ideal, which is related to the defect of dose distribution and drug resistance. It is urgent to develop a novel BBB-permeable nanoagent with multiple therapeutic modalities for improving the treatment effect of GBM. In this work, we constructed an intelligent BBB-permeable nanoplatform (CTHG-Lf NPs) with hollow mesoporous copper sulfide nanoparticles (HM-CuS NPs) as temozolomide (TMZ) carrier and hyaluronic acid (HA) as gatekeeper, as well as further modification with glucose oxidase (GOx) and lactoferrin (Lf) for highly efficient synergistic therapy of orthotopic GBM. The modification of Lf endows CTHG-Lf NPs with good target and BBB-permeable ability. HA not only prevents the TMZ leakage during circulation, but also achieves responsive drug release at tumor site for effective chemotherapy (CT). GOx provides high hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and gluconic acid for improving the treatment effect of chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and realizes the starvation therapy (ST) by consuming glucose. The good photothermal effect of CTHG-Lf NPs achieves the "mild" photothermal therapy (PTT), while enhancing the efficiency of Fenton-like reaction. The synergistic strategy with CT/CDT/PTT/ST can not only promote brain drug delivery, but also realize the combination of multiple mechanisms for effective tumor growth suppression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Longhai Jin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhijia Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Na Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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13
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Protein encapsulation of nanocatalysts: A feasible approach to facilitate catalytic theranostics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 192:114648. [PMID: 36513163 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-mimicking nanocatalysts, also termed nanozymes, have attracted much attention in recent years. They are considered potential alternatives to natural enzymes due to their multiple catalytic activities and high stability. However, concerns regarding the colloidal stability, catalytic specificity, efficiency and biosafety of nanomaterials in biomedical applications still need to be addressed. Proteins are biodegradable macromolecules that exhibit superior biocompatibility and inherent bioactivities; hence, the protein modification of nanocatalysts is expected to improve their bioavailability to match clinical needs. The diversity of amino acid residues in proteins provides abundant functional groups for the conjugation or encapsulation of nanocatalysts. Moreover, protein encapsulation can not only improve the overall performance of nanocatalysts in biological systems, but also bestow materials with new features, such as targeting and retention in pathological sites. This review aims to report the recent developments and perspectives of protein-encapsulated catalysts in their functional improvements, modification methods and applications in biomedicine.
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14
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Lactoferrin: from the structure to the functional orchestration of iron homeostasis. Biometals 2022; 36:391-416. [PMID: 36214975 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Iron is by far the most widespread and essential transition metal, possessing crucial biological functions for living systems. Despite chemical advantages, iron biology has forced organisms to face with some issues: ferric iron insolubility and ferrous-driven formation of toxic radicals. For these reasons, acquisition and transport of iron constitutes a formidable challenge for cells and organisms, which need to maintain adequate iron concentrations within a narrow range, allowing biological processes without triggering toxic effects. Higher organisms have evolved extracellular carrier proteins to acquire, transport and manage iron. In recent years, a renewed interest in iron biology has highlighted the role of iron-proteins dysregulation in the onset and/or exacerbation of different pathological conditions. However, to date, no resolutive therapy for iron disorders has been found. In this review, we outline the efficacy of Lactoferrin, a member of the transferrin family mainly secreted by exocrine glands and neutrophils, as a new emerging orchestrator of iron metabolism and homeostasis, able to counteract iron disorders associated to different pathologies, including iron deficiency and anemia of inflammation in blood, Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases in the brain and cystic fibrosis in the lung.
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15
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New Players in Neuronal Iron Homeostasis: Insights from CRISPRi Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091807. [PMID: 36139881 PMCID: PMC9495848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective regional iron accumulation is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The underlying mechanisms of neuronal iron dyshomeostasis have been studied, mainly in a gene-by-gene approach. However, recent high-content phenotypic screens using CRISPR/Cas9-based gene perturbations allow for the identification of new pathways that contribute to iron accumulation in neuronal cells. Herein, we perform a bioinformatic analysis of a CRISPR-based screening of lysosomal iron accumulation and the functional genomics of human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Consistent with previous studies, we identified mitochondrial electron transport chain dysfunction as one of the main mechanisms triggering iron accumulation, although we substantially expanded the gene set causing this phenomenon, encompassing mitochondrial complexes I to IV, several associated assembly factors, and coenzyme Q biosynthetic enzymes. Similarly, the loss of numerous genes participating through the complete macroautophagic process elicit iron accumulation. As a novelty, we found that the impaired synthesis of glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) and GPI-anchored protein trafficking also trigger iron accumulation in a cell-autonomous manner. Finally, the loss of critical components of the iron transporters trafficking machinery, including MON2 and PD-associated gene VPS35, also contribute to increased neuronal levels. Our analysis suggests that neuronal iron accumulation can arise from the dysfunction of an expanded, previously uncharacterized array of molecular pathways.
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16
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Tran D, DiGiacomo P, Born DE, Georgiadis M, Zeineh M. Iron and Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathology to Imaging. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:838692. [PMID: 35911597 PMCID: PMC9327617 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.838692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder that afflicts millions worldwide with no effective treatment. Currently, AD progression has primarily been characterized by abnormal accumulations of β-amyloid within plaques and phosphorylated tau within neurofibrillary tangles, giving rise to neurodegeneration due to synaptic and neuronal loss. While β-amyloid and tau deposition are required for clinical diagnosis of AD, presence of such abnormalities does not tell the complete story, and the actual mechanisms behind neurodegeneration in AD progression are still not well understood. Support for abnormal iron accumulation playing a role in AD pathogenesis includes its presence in the early stages of the disease, its interactions with β-amyloid and tau, and the important role it plays in AD related inflammation. In this review, we present the existing evidence of pathological iron accumulation in the human AD brain, as well as discuss the imaging tools and peripheral measures available to characterize iron accumulation and dysregulation in AD, which may help in developing iron-based biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Tran
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Donald E. Born
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Marios Georgiadis
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michael Zeineh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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17
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Katila N, Duwa R, Bhurtel S, Khanal S, Maharjan S, Jeong JH, Lee S, Choi DY, Yook S. Enhancement of blood–brain barrier penetration and the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol. J Control Release 2022; 346:1-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Tian Y, Tian Y, Yuan Z, Zeng Y, Wang S, Fan X, Yang D, Yang M. Iron Metabolism in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3612. [PMID: 35408967 PMCID: PMC8998315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is a trace metal element necessary to maintain life and is also involved in a variety of biological processes. Aging refers to the natural life process in which the physiological functions of the various systems, organs, and tissues decline, affected by genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the relationship between iron metabolism and aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. During aging, the accumulation of nonheme iron destroys the stability of the intracellular environment. The destruction of iron homeostasis can induce cell damage by producing hydroxyl free radicals, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, brain aging, and even organismal aging. In this review, we have briefly summarized the role of the metabolic process of iron in the body, then discussed recent developments of iron metabolism in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, and finally, explored some iron chelators as treatment strategies for those disorders. Understanding the roles of iron metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases will fill the knowledge gap in the field. This review could provide new insights into the research on iron metabolism and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Yuanliangzi Tian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Zhixiao Yuan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Yutian Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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19
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Brain regions susceptible to alpha-synuclein spreading. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:758-770. [PMID: 34561613 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The spreading of misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn) protein has been observed in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other α-synucleinopathies that mimic human PD pathologies. In animal models, the spreading of α-syn has been associated with motor dysfunction and neuronal death. However, variability in both susceptible brain regions and cellular populations limits our understanding of the consequences of α-syn spreading and the development of associated therapies. Here, we have reviewed the physiological and pathological functions of α-syn and summarized the susceptible brain regions and cell types identified from human postmortem studies and exogenous α-syn injection-based animal models. We have reviewed the methods for inducing α-syn aggregation, the specific hosts, the inoculation sites, the routes of propagation, and other experimental settings that may affect the spreading pattern of α-syn, as reported in current studies. Understanding the spread of α-syn to produce a consistent PD animal model is vital for future drug discovery.
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20
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Folarin OR, Olopade FE, Olopade JO. Essential Metals in the Brain and the Application of Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry for their Detection. Niger J Physiol Sci 2021; 36:123-147. [PMID: 35947740 DOI: 10.54548/njps.v36i2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metals are natural component of the ecosystem present throughout the layers of atmosphere; their abundant expression in the brain indicates their importance in the central nervous system (CNS). Within the brain tissue, their distribution is highly compartmentalized, the pattern of which is determined by their primary roles. Bio-imaging of the brain to reveal spatial distribution of metals within specific regions has provided a unique understanding of brain biochemistry and architecture, linking both the structures and the functions through several metal mediated activities. Bioavailability of essential trace metal is needed for normal brain function. However, disrupted metal homeostasis can influence several biochemical pathways in different fields of metabolism and cause characteristic neurological disorders with a typical disease process usually linked with aberrant metal accumulations. In this review we give a brief overview of roles of key essential metals (Iron, Copper and Zinc) including their molecular mechanisms and bio-distribution in the brain as well as their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of related neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we also reviewed recent applications of Laser Ablation Inductively Couple Plasma Mass Spectrophotometry (LA-ICP-MS) in the detection of both toxic and essential metal dyshomeostasis in neuroscience research and other related brain diseases.
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21
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Riederer P, Monoranu C, Strobel S, Iordache T, Sian-Hülsmann J. Iron as the concert master in the pathogenic orchestra playing in sporadic Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:1577-1598. [PMID: 34636961 PMCID: PMC8507512 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
About 60 years ago, the discovery of a deficiency of dopamine in the nigro-striatal system led to a variety of symptomatic therapeutic strategies to supplement dopamine and to substantially improve the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Since these seminal developments, neuropathological, neurochemical, molecular biological and genetic discoveries contributed to elucidate the pathology of PD. Oxidative stress, the consequences of reactive oxidative species, reduced antioxidative capacity including loss of glutathione, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, proteasomal dysfunction, apoptosis, lysosomal dysfunction, autophagy, suggested to be causal for ɑ-synuclein fibril formation and aggregation and contributing to neuroinflammation and neural cell death underlying this devastating disorder. However, there are no final conclusions about the triggered pathological mechanism(s) and the follow-up of pathological dysfunctions. Nevertheless, it is a fact, that iron, a major component of oxidative reactions, as well as neuromelanin, the major intraneuronal chelator of iron, undergo an age-dependent increase. And ageing is a major risk factor for PD. Iron is significantly increased in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of PD. Reasons for this finding include disturbances in iron-related import and export mechanisms across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), localized opening of the BBB at the nigro-striatal tract including brain vessel pathology. Whether this pathology is of primary or secondary importance is not known. We assume that there is a better fit to the top-down hypotheses and pathogens entering the brain via the olfactory system, then to the bottom-up (gut-brain) hypothesis of PD pathology. Triggers for the bottom-up, the dual-hit and the top-down pathologies include chemicals, viruses and bacteria. If so, hepcidin, a regulator of iron absorption and its distribution into tissues, is suggested to play a major role in the pathogenesis of iron dyshomeostasis and risk for initiating and progressing ɑ-synuclein pathology. The role of glial components to the pathology of PD is still unknown. However, the dramatic loss of glutathione (GSH), which is mainly synthesized in glia, suggests dysfunction of this process, or GSH uptake into neurons. Loss of GSH and increase in SNpc iron concentration have been suggested to be early, may be even pre-symptomatic processes in the pathology of PD, despite the fact that they are progression factors. The role of glial ferritin isoforms has not been studied so far in detail in human post-mortem brain tissue and a close insight into their role in PD is called upon. In conclusion, "iron" is a major player in the pathology of PD. Selective chelation of excess iron at the site of the substantia nigra, where a dysfunction of the BBB is suggested, with peripherally acting iron chelators is suggested to contribute to the portfolio and therapeutic armamentarium of anti-Parkinson medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Riederer
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Wuerzburg, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - C Monoranu
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - S Strobel
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - T Iordache
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - J Sian-Hülsmann
- Department of Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
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22
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Ryskalin L, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Polzella M, Lenzi P, Frati A, Ferrucci M, Fornai F. Lactoferrin Protects against Methamphetamine Toxicity by Modulating Autophagy and Mitochondrial Status. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103356. [PMID: 34684361 PMCID: PMC8537867 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) was used at first as a vehicle to deliver non-soluble active compounds to the body, including the central nervous system (CNS). Nonetheless, it soon became evident that, apart from acting as a vehicle, LF itself owns active effects in the CNS. In the present study, the effects of LF are assessed both in baseline conditions, as well as to counteract methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurodegeneration by assessing cell viability, cell phenotype, mitochondrial status, and specific autophagy steps. In detail, cell integrity in baseline conditions and following METH administration was carried out by using H&E staining, Trypan blue, Fluoro Jade B, and WST-1. Western blot and immuno-fluorescence were used to assess the expression of the neurofilament marker βIII-tubulin. Mitochondria were stained using Mito Tracker Red and Green and were further detailed and quantified by using transmission electron microscopy. Autophagy markers were analyzed through immuno-fluorescence and electron microscopy. LF counteracts METH-induced degeneration. In detail, LF significantly attenuates the amount of cell loss and mitochondrial alterations produced by METH; and mitigates the dissipation of autophagy-related proteins from the autophagy compartment, which is massively induced by METH. These findings indicate a protective role of LF in the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Ryskalin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Carla L. Busceti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Maico Polzella
- Aliveda Laboratories, Viale Karol Wojtyla, 19, 56042 Crespina Lorenzana, Italy;
| | - Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
- Neurosurgery Division, Human Neurosciences Department, Sapienza University, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Ferrucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Lactoferrin and Its Potential Impact for the Relief of Pain: A Preclinical Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090868. [PMID: 34577568 PMCID: PMC8468947 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is one of the most disabling symptoms of several clinical conditions. Neurobiologically, it is classified as nociceptive, inflammatory, neuropathic and dysfunctional. Opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are conventionally prescribed for the treatment of pain. Long-term administration of opioids results in the loss of analgesic efficacy, leading to increased dosage, tolerance, and addiction as the main drawbacks of their use, while the adverse effects of NSAIDs include gastric ulcer formation, intestinal bleeding, acute kidney injury, and hepatotoxicity. Lactoferrin is an iron-binding, anti-inflammatory glycoprotein that displays analgesic activities associated, in part, by interacting with the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP), which may result in the regulation of the DAMP-TRAF6-NFκB, NO-cGMP-ATP K+-sensitive channel and opioid receptor signaling pathways. This review summarizes and discusses for the first time the analgesic effects of lactoferrin and its presumable mechanisms based on pre-clinical trials. Given its anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, lactoferrin may be used as an adjunct to enhance the efficacy and to decrease the tolerogenic effects of canonical therapeutic drugs prescribed for pain treatment.
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24
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Halim A, Qu KY, Zhang XF, Huang NP. Recent Advances in the Application of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Neural Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3503-3529. [PMID: 34291638 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of the nervous system structure and function, and its slow regeneration rate, makes it more difficult to treat compared to other tissues in the human body when an injury occurs. Moreover, the current therapeutic approaches including the use of autografts, allografts, and pharmacological agents have several drawbacks and can not fully restore nervous system injuries. Recently, nanotechnology and tissue engineering approaches have attracted many researchers to guide tissue regeneration in an effective manner. Owing to their remarkable physicochemical and biological properties, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have been extensively studied in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine field. The great conductivity of these materials makes them a promising candidate for the development of novel scaffolds for neural tissue engineering application. Moreover, the high loading capacity of 2D nanomaterials also has attracted many researchers to utilize them as a drug/gene delivery method to treat various devastating nervous system disorders. This review will first introduce the fundamental physicochemical properties of 2D nanomaterials used in biomedicine and the supporting biological properties of 2D nanomaterials for inducing neuroregeneration, including their biocompatibility on neural cells, the ability to promote the neural differentiation of stem cells, and their immunomodulatory properties which are beneficial for alleviating chronic inflammation at the site of the nervous system injury. It also discusses various types of 2D nanomaterials-based scaffolds for neural tissue engineering applications. Then, the latest progress on the use of 2D nanomaterials for nervous system disorder treatment is summarized. Finally, a discussion of the challenges and prospects of 2D nanomaterials-based applications in neural tissue engineering is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Halim
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Yun Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ning-Ping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
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25
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Li YQ, Guo C. A Review on Lactoferrin and Central Nervous System Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071810. [PMID: 34359979 PMCID: PMC8307123 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are currently one of the major health issues around the world. Most CNS disorders are characterized by high oxidative stress levels and intense inflammatory responses in affected tissues. Lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein, plays a significant role in anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulator, antitumor immunity, and anti-apoptotic processes. Previous studies have shown that Lf is abnormally expressed in a variety of neurological diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, the promotion of neurodevelopment and neuroprotection by Lf has attracted widespread attention, and Lf could be exploited both as an active therapeutic agent and drug nanocarrier. However, our understanding of the roles of Lf proteins in the initiation or progression of CNS diseases is limited, especially the roles of Lf in regulating neurogenesis. This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of the major pharmacological effects of Lf in CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular disease, developmental delays in children, and brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuang Guo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-24-8365-6109
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26
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Ouyang Q, Meng Y, Zhou W, Tong J, Cheng Z, Zhu Q. New advances in brain-targeting nano-drug delivery systems for Alzheimer's disease. J Drug Target 2021; 30:61-81. [PMID: 33983096 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1927055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide and its incidence is increasing due to the ageing population. Currently, the main limitations of AD treatment are low blood-brain barrier permeability, severe off-target of drugs, and immune abnormality. In this review, four hypotheses for Alzheimer's pathogenesis and three challenges for Alzheimer's drug delivery are discussed. In addition, this article summarises the different strategies of brain targeting nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs) developed in the last 10 years. These strategies include receptor-mediated (transferrin receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein, lactoferrin receptor, etc.), adsorption-mediated (cationic, alkaline polypeptide, cell-penetrating peptides, etc.), and transporter-mediated (P-gp, GLUT1, etc.). Moreover, it provides insights into novel strategies used in AD, such as exosomes, virus-like particles, and cell membrane coating particles. Hence, this review will help researchers to understand the current progress in the field of NDDSs for the central nervous system and find new directions for AD therapy.HighlightsCharacteristics and challenges based on the pathogenesis of AD were discussed.Recent advances in novel brain-targeting NDDSs for AD over the past 10 years were summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ouyang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingcai Meng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianbin Tong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Homeostasis, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zeneng Cheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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27
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Xiong S, Luo J, Wang Q, Li Z, Li J, Liu Q, Gao L, Fang S, Li Y, Pan H, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Chen X, Chen T. Targeted graphene oxide for drug delivery as a therapeutic nanoplatform against Parkinson's disease. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1705-1715. [PMID: 33427264 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01765e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There has been an exponential increase in the rate of incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) with aging in the global population. PD, the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, results from damaged dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), along with the deposition of abnormal α-synuclein (α-Syn), and the progressive degeneration of neurons in striatal regions. Despite extensive investigations to understand the pathophysiology of PD to develop effective therapies to restrict its progression, there is currently no cure for PD. Puerarin (Pue) is a natural compound with remarkable anti-PD properties. However, its poor pharmacological properties, including poor water solubility, inadequate bioavailability, and incomplete penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have restricted its use for the treatment of PD. Nevertheless, advancements in nanotechnology have revealed the potential advantages of targeted drug delivery into the brain to treat PD. Here, we used Pue-loaded graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, which have an excellent drug-loading ability, modifiable surface functional groups, and good biocompatibility. Then, Pue was transported across the BBB into the brain using lactoferrin (Lf) as the targeting ligand, which could bind to the vascular endothelial receptor on the BBB. In vivo and in vitro results indicated that this multifunctional brain targeted drug delivery system (Lf-GO-Pue) was an effective and safe therapy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Xiong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Juntong Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Qiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Liqian Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shuhuan Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Yunyong Li
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Yongbin Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
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28
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Guo JJ, Yue F, Song DY, Bousset L, Liang X, Tang J, Yuan L, Li W, Melki R, Tang Y, Chan P, Guo C, Li JY. Intranasal administration of α-synuclein preformed fibrils triggers microglial iron deposition in the substantia nigra of Macaca fascicularis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:81. [PMID: 33441545 PMCID: PMC7807015 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron deposition is present in main lesion areas in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and an abnormal iron content may be associated with dopaminergic neuronal cytotoxicity and degeneration in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. However, the cause of iron deposition and its role in the pathological process of PD are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the nasal mucosal delivery of synthetic human α-synuclein (α-syn) preformed fibrils (PFFs) on the pathogenesis of PD in Macaca fascicularis. We detected that iron deposition was clearly increased in a time-dependent manner from 1 to 17 months in the substantia nigra and globus pallidus, highly contrasting to other brain regions after treatments with α-syn PFFs. At the cellular level, the iron deposits were specifically localized in microglia but not in dopaminergic neurons, nor in other types of glial cells in the substantia nigra, whereas the expression of transferrin (TF), TF receptor 1 (TFR1), TF receptor 2 (TFR2), and ferroportin (FPn) was increased in dopaminergic neurons. Furthermore, no clear dopaminergic neuron loss was observed in the substantia nigra, but with decreased immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and appearance of axonal swelling in the putamen. The brain region-enriched and cell-type-dependent iron localizations indicate that the intranasal α-syn PFFs treatment-induced iron depositions in microglia in the substantia nigra may appear as an early cellular response that may initiate neuroinflammation in the dopaminergic system before cell death occurs. Our data suggest that the inhibition of iron deposition may be a potential approach for the early prevention and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Feng Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Parkinson's Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dong-Yan Song
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Luc Bousset
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS and Institut François Jacob (MIRCen), CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Histology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Repair, Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110112, China
| | - Wen Li
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Repair, Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110112, China
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, 22184, Sweden
| | - Ronald Melki
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS and Institut François Jacob (MIRCen), CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Parkinson's Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chuang Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Repair, Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110112, China.
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, 22184, Sweden.
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29
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Rascón-Cruz Q, Espinoza-Sánchez EA, Siqueiros-Cendón TS, Nakamura-Bencomo SI, Arévalo-Gallegos S, Iglesias-Figueroa BF. Lactoferrin: A Glycoprotein Involved in Immunomodulation, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Processes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26010205. [PMID: 33401580 PMCID: PMC7795860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin is an iron binding glycoprotein with multiple roles in the body. Its participation in apoptotic processes in cancer cells, its ability to modulate various reactions of the immune system, and its activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms, including respiratory viruses, have made it a protein of broad interest in pharmaceutical and food research and industry. In this review, we have focused on describing the most important functions of lactoferrin and the possible mechanisms of action that lead to its function.
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30
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Kopaeva MY, Cherepov AB, Nesterenko MV, Zarayskaya IY. Pretreatment with Human Lactoferrin Had a Positive Effect on the Dynamics of Mouse Nigrostriatal System Recovery after Acute MPTP Exposure. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:24. [PMID: 33401480 PMCID: PMC7823682 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of human lactoferrin (hLf) on degenerative changes in the nigrostriatal system and associated behavioral deficits in the animal model of Parkinson disease. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic injury was induced by single administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP; 40 mg/kg) to five-month-old C57Bl/6 mice. Behavioral disturbances were assessed in the open field and rotarod tests and by the stride length analysis. Structural deficits were assessed by the counts of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive neurons in the substantia nigra and optical density (OD) of TH-immunolabeled fibers in the striatum. Acute MPTP treatment induced long-term behavioral deficit and degenerative changes in the nigrostriatal system. Pretreatment with hLf prevented body weight loss and promoted recovery of motor functions and exploratory behavior. Importantly, OD of TH-positive fibers in the striatum of mice treated with hLf almost returned to normal, and the number of TH-positive cells in the substantia nigra significantly increased on day 28. These results indicate that hLf produces a neuroprotective effect and probably stimulates neuroregeneration under conditions of MPTP toxicity in our model. A relationship between behavioral deficits and nigrostriatal system disturbances at delayed terms after MPTP administration was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Yu. Kopaeva
- National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 1 Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.C.); (I.Y.Z.)
| | - Anton B. Cherepov
- National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 1 Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.C.); (I.Y.Z.)
| | | | - Irina Yu. Zarayskaya
- National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 1 Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.C.); (I.Y.Z.)
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31
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El-Fakharany EM. Nanoformulation of lactoferrin potentiates its activity and enhances novel biotechnological applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:970-984. [PMID: 33011258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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32
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Lactoferrin coated or conjugated nanomaterials as an active targeting approach in nanomedicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:1527-1543. [PMID: 33212102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A successful drug delivery to a specific site relies on two essential factors including; efficient entrapment of the drug within the carrier and successful delivery of drug- loaded nanocarrier to the target site without opsonisation or drug release in the circulation before reaching the organ of interest. Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein belonging to the transferrin (TF) family which can bind to TF receptors (TFRs) and LF membrane internalization receptors (LFRs) highly expressed on the cell surface of both highly proliferating cancer cells and blood brain barrier (BBB), which in turn can facilitate its accessibility to the cell nucleus. This merit could be exploited to develop actively targeted drug delivery systems that can easily cross the BBB or internalize into tumor cells. In this review, the most recent advances of utilizing LF as an active targeting ligand for different types of nanocarriers including: inorganic nanoparticles, dendrimers, synthetic biodegradable polymers, lipid nanocarriers, natural polymers, and nanoemulstions will be highlighted. Collectively, LF seems to be a promising targeting ligand in the field of nanomedicine.
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33
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Baskin J, Jeon JE, Lewis SJG. Nanoparticles for drug delivery in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2020; 268:1981-1994. [PMID: 33141248 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-10291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although effective symptomatic treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) have been available for some time, efficient and well-controlled drug delivery to the brain has proven to be challenging. The emergence of nanotechnology has created new opportunities not only for improving the pharmacokinetics of conventional therapies but also for developing novel treatment approaches and disease modifying therapies. Several exciting strategies including drug carrier nanoparticles targeting specific intracellular pathways and structural reconformation of tangled proteins as well as introducing reprogramming genes have already shown promise and are likely to deliver more tailored approaches to the treatment of PD in the future. This paper reviews the role of nanoparticles in PD including a discussion of both their composition and functional capacity as well as their potential to deliver better therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Baskin
- Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - June Evelyn Jeon
- Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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34
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D’Mello SR, Kindy MC. Overdosing on iron: Elevated iron and degenerative brain disorders. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1444-1473. [PMID: 32878460 PMCID: PMC7553095 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220953065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Brain degenerative disorders, which include some neurodevelopmental disorders and age-associated diseases, cause debilitating neurological deficits and are generally fatal. A large body of emerging evidence indicates that iron accumulation in neurons within specific regions of the brain plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many of these disorders. Iron homeostasis is a highly complex and incompletely understood process involving a large number of regulatory molecules. Our review provides a description of what is known about how iron is obtained by the body and brain and how defects in the homeostatic processes could contribute to the development of brain diseases, focusing on Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease as well as four other disorders belonging to a class of inherited conditions referred to as neurodegeneration based on iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders. A description of potential therapeutic approaches being tested for each of these different disorders is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark C Kindy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- James A. Haley Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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35
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Zhang C, Wu B, Wang X, Chen C, Zhao R, Lu H, Zhu H, Xue B, Liang H, Sethi SK, Haacke EM, Zhu J, Peng Y, Cheng J. Vascular, flow and perfusion abnormalities in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 73:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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36
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Spencer AP, Torrado M, Custódio B, Silva-Reis SC, Santos SD, Leiro V, Pêgo AP. Breaking Barriers: Bioinspired Strategies for Targeted Neuronal Delivery to the Central Nervous System. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E192. [PMID: 32102252 PMCID: PMC7076453 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders encompass a vast spectrum of pathological conditions and represent a growing concern worldwide. Despite the high social and clinical interest in trying to solve these pathologies, there are many challenges to bridge in order to achieve an effective therapy. One of the main obstacles to advancements in this field that has hampered many of the therapeutic strategies proposed to date is the presence of the CNS barriers that restrict the access to the brain. However, adequate brain biodistribution and neuronal cells specific accumulation in the targeted site also represent major hurdles to the attainment of a successful CNS treatment. Over the last few years, nanotechnology has taken a step forward towards the development of therapeutics in neurologic diseases and different approaches have been developed to surpass these obstacles. The versatility of the designed nanocarriers in terms of physical and chemical properties, and the possibility to functionalize them with specific moieties, have resulted in improved neurotargeted delivery profiles. With the concomitant progress in biology research, many of these strategies have been inspired by nature and have taken advantage of physiological processes to achieve brain delivery. Here, the different nanosystems and targeting moieties used to achieve a neuronal delivery reported in the open literature are comprehensively reviewed and critically discussed, with emphasis on the most recent bioinspired advances in the field. Finally, we express our view on the paramount challenges in targeted neuronal delivery that need to be overcome for these promising therapeutics to move from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Spencer
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FEUP—Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marília Torrado
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Custódio
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara C. Silva-Reis
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia D. Santos
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victoria Leiro
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P. Pêgo
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.P.S.); (M.T.); (B.C.); (S.C.S.-R.); (S.D.S.); (V.L.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FEUP—Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Devos D, Cabantchik ZI, Moreau C, Danel V, Mahoney-Sanchez L, Bouchaoui H, Gouel F, Rolland AS, Duce JA, Devedjian JC. Conservative iron chelation for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:189-203. [PMID: 31912279 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Focal iron accumulation associated with brain iron dyshomeostasis is a pathological hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases (NDD). The application of iron-sensitive sequences in magnetic resonance imaging has provided a useful tool to identify the underlying NDD pathology. In the three major NDD, degeneration occurs in central nervous system (CNS) regions associated with memory (Alzheimer's disease, AD), automaticity (Parkinson's disease, PD) and motor function (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS), all of which require a high oxygen demand for harnessing neuronal energy. In PD, a progressive degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) is associated with the appearance of siderotic foci, largely caused by increased labile iron levels resulting from an imbalance between cell iron import, storage and export. At a molecular level, α-synuclein regulates dopamine and iron transport with PD-associated mutations in this protein causing functional disruption to these processes. Equally, in ALS, an early iron accumulation is present in neurons of the cortico-spinal motor pathway before neuropathology and secondary iron accumulation in microglia. High serum ferritin is an indicator of poor prognosis in ALS and the application of iron-sensitive sequences in magnetic resonance imaging has become a useful tool in identifying pathology. The molecular pathways that cascade down from such dyshomeostasis still remain to be fully elucidated but strong inroads have been made in recent years. Far from being a simple cause or consequence, it has recently been discovered that these alterations can trigger susceptibility to an iron-dependent cell-death pathway with unique lipoperoxidation signatures called ferroptosis. In turn, this has now provided insight into some key modulators of this cell-death pathway that could be therapeutic targets for the NDD. Interestingly, iron accumulation and ferroptosis are highly sensitive to iron chelation. However, whilst chelators that strongly scavenge intracellular iron protect against oxidative neuronal damage in mammalian models and are proven to be effective in treating systemic siderosis, these compounds are not clinically suitable due to the high risk of developing iatrogenic iron depletion and ensuing anaemia. Instead, a moderate iron chelation modality that conserves systemic iron offers a novel therapeutic strategy for neuroprotection. As demonstrated with the prototype chelator deferiprone, iron can be scavenged from labile iron complexes in the brain and transferred (conservatively) either to higher affinity acceptors in cells or extracellular transferrin. Promising preclinical and clinical proof of concept trials has led to several current large randomized clinical trials that aim to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of conservative iron chelation for NDD, notably in a long-term treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Devos
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France.
- Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France.
- Département de Pharmacologie Médicale, Université Lille INSERM 1171, CHU de Lille, 59037, Lille, France.
| | - Z Ioav Cabantchik
- Della Pergola Chair, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Caroline Moreau
- Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Danel
- Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France
| | - Laura Mahoney-Sanchez
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France
| | - Hind Bouchaoui
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France
| | - Flore Gouel
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Rolland
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France
| | - James A Duce
- The ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jean-Christophe Devedjian
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM, UMRS_1171, Lille, France
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-1, place de l'Yser, BP 72033, 59375, Dunkerque Cedex, France
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Liu H, Wu H, Zhu N, Xu Z, Wang Y, Qu Y, Wang J. Lactoferrin protects against iron dysregulation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐induced Parkinson’s disease in mice. J Neurochem 2019; 152:397-415. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Ning Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Zijie Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yan Qu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders Department of Physiology Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology Medical College of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders Department of Physiology Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology Medical College of Qingdao University Qingdao China
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Khan AI, Liu J, Dutta P. Bayesian inference for parameter estimation in lactoferrin-mediated iron transport across blood-brain barrier. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129459. [PMID: 31682896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, excessive irons as well as lactoferrin (Lf), but not transferrin (Tf), have been found in and around the affected regions of the brain. These evidences suggest that lactoferrin plays a critical role during neurodegenerative diseases, although Lf-mediated iron transport across blood-brain barrier (BBB) is negligible compared to that of transferrin in normal condition. However, the kinetics of lactoferrins and lactoferrin-mediated iron transport are still unknown. METHOD To determine the kinetic rate constants of lactoferrin-mediated iron transport through BBB, a mass-action based ordinary differential equation model has been presented. A Bayesian framework is developed to estimate the kinetic rate parameters from posterior probability density functions. The iron transport across BBB is studied by considering both Lf- and Tf-mediated pathways for both normal and pathologic conditions. RESULTS Using the point estimates of kinetic parameters, our model can effectively reproduce the experimental data of iron transport through BBB endothelial cells. The robustness of the model and parameter estimation process are further verified by perturbation of kinetic parameters. Our results show that surge in high-affinity receptor density increases lactoferrin as well as iron in the brain. CONCLUSIONS Due to the lack of a feedback loop such as iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) for lactoferrin, iron can transport to the brain continuously, which might increase brain iron to pathological levels and can contribute to neurodegeneration. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study provides an improved understanding of presence of lactoferrin and iron in the brain during neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminul Islam Khan
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, United States of America
| | - Jin Liu
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, United States of America
| | - Prashanta Dutta
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, United States of America.
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Xie J, Shen Z, Anraku Y, Kataoka K, Chen X. Nanomaterial-based blood-brain-barrier (BBB) crossing strategies. Biomaterials 2019; 224:119491. [PMID: 31546096 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to the diseases of central nervous system (CNS). The penetration efficiency of most CNS drugs into the brain parenchyma is rather limited due to the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, BBB crossing for drug delivery to CNS remains a significant challenge in the development of neurological therapeutics. Because of the advantageous properties (e.g., relatively high drug loading content, controllable drug release, excellent passive and active targeting, good stability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity), nanomaterials with BBB-crossability have been widely developed for the treatment of CNS diseases. This review summarizes the current understanding of the physiological structure of BBB, and provides various nanomaterial-based BBB-crossing strategies for brain delivery of theranostic agents, including intranasal delivery, temporary disruption of BBB, local delivery, cell penetrating peptide (CPP) mediated BBB-crossing, receptor mediated BBB-crossing, shuttle peptide mediated BBB-crossing, and cells mediated BBB-crossing. Clinicians, biologists, material scientists and chemists are expected to be interested in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbing Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Zheyu Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Yasutaka Anraku
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan; Policy Alternatives Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Qian ZM, Ke Y. Brain iron transport. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:1672-1684. [PMID: 31190441 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain iron is a crucial participant and regulator of normal physiological activity. However, excess iron is involved in the formation of free radicals, and has been associated with oxidative damage to neuronal and other brain cells. Abnormally high brain iron levels have been observed in various neurodegenerative diseases, including neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. However, the key question of why iron levels increase in the relevant regions of the brain remains to be answered. A full understanding of the homeostatic mechanisms involved in brain iron transport and metabolism is therefore critical not only for elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for excess iron accumulation in the brain but also for developing pharmacological interventions to disrupt the chain of pathological events occurring in these neurodegenerative diseases. Numerous studies have been conducted, but to date no effort to synthesize these studies and ideas into a systematic and coherent summary has been made, especially concerning iron transport across the luminal (apical) membrane of the capillary endothelium and the membranes of different brain cell types. Herein, we review key findings on brain iron transport, highlighting the mechanisms involved in iron transport across the luminal (apical) as well as the abluminal (basal) membrane of the blood-brain barrier, the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and iron uptake and release in neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia within the brain. We offer suggestions for addressing the many important gaps in our understanding of this important topic, and provide new insights into the potential causes of abnormally increased iron levels in regions of the brain in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ming Qian
- Institute of Translational & Precision Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.,Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmacy, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ya Ke
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Liu C, Liang MC, Soong TW. Nitric Oxide, Iron and Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:114. [PMID: 30833886 PMCID: PMC6388708 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is a crucial cofactor for several physiological functions in the brain including transport of oxygen, DNA synthesis, mitochondrial respiration, synthesis of myelin, and neurotransmitter metabolism. If iron concentration exceeds the capacity of cellular sequestration, excessive labile iron will be harmful by generating oxidative stress that leads to cell death. In patients suffering from Parkinson disease, the total amount of iron in the substantia nigra was reported to increase with disease severity. High concentrations of iron were also found in the amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of human Alzheimer disease brains. Besides iron, nitric oxide (NO) produced in high concentration has been associated with neurodegeneration. NO is produced as a co-product when the enzyme NO synthase converts L-arginine to citrulline, and NO has a role to support normal physiological functions. When NO is produced in a high concentration under pathological conditions such as inflammation, aberrantly S-nitrosylated proteins can initiate neurodegeneration. Interestingly, NO is closely related with iron homeostasis. Firstly, it regulates iron-related gene expression through a system involving iron regulatory protein and its cognate iron responsive element (IRP-IRE). Secondly, it modified the function of iron-related protein directly via S-nitrosylation. In this review, we examine the recent advances about the potential role of dysregulated iron homeostasis in neurodegeneration, with an emphasis on AD and PD, and we discuss iron chelation as a potential therapy. This review also highlights the changes in iron homeostasis caused by NO. An understanding of these mechanisms will help us formulate strategies to reverse or ameliorate iron-related neurodegeneration in diseases such as AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Neurobiology/Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mui Cheng Liang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Neurobiology/Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuck Wah Soong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Neurobiology/Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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Mohamed WA, Salama RM, Schaalan MF. A pilot study on the effect of lactoferrin on Alzheimer's disease pathological sequelae: Impact of the p-Akt/PTEN pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:714-723. [PMID: 30611996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in which the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) pathway is deregulated in response to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) overexpression. Lactoferrin (LF), a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein, is involved in AD pathology; however, direct evidence of its impact upon AD remains unclear. To elucidate LF's role in AD, the possible protective mechanism post-LF administration for 3 months was investigated in AD patients by observing changes in the p-Akt/PTEN pathway. AD patients showed decreased serum acetylcholine (ACh), serotonin (5-HT), antioxidant and anti-inflammatory markers, and decreased expression of Akt in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), as well as PI3K, and p-Akt levels in PBL lysate; all these parameters were significantly improved after daily LF administration for 3 months. Similarly, elevated serum amyloid β (Aβ) 42, cholesterol, oxidative stress markers, IL-6, heat shock protein (HSP) 90, caspase-3, and p-tau, as well as increased expression of tau, MAPK1 and PTEN in AD patients, were significantly reduced upon LF intake. Improvement in the aforementioned AD surrogate markers post-LF treatment was reflected in enhanced cognitive function assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale 11-item (ADAS-COG 11) questionnaires as clinical endpoints. These results provide a basis for a possible protective mechanism of LF in AD through its ability to alleviate the AD pathological cascade and cognitive decline via modulation of the p-Akt/PTEN pathway, which affects the key players of inflammation and oxidative stress that are involved in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania M Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Translational and Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona F Schaalan
- Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Translational and Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
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Abstract
The key molecular events that provoke Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully understood. Iron deposit was found in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of PD patients and animal models, where dopaminergic neurons degeneration occurred selectively. The mechanisms involved in disturbed iron metabolism remain unknown, however, considerable evidence indicates that iron transporters dysregulation, activation of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (LTCC) and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, as well as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) contribute to this process. There is emerging evidence on the structural links and functional modulations between iron and α-synuclein, and the key player in PD which aggregates in Lewy bodies. Iron is believed to modulate α-synuclein synthesis, post-translational modification, and aggregation. Furthermore, glia, especially activated astroglia and microglia, are involved in iron deposit in PD. Glial contributions were largely dependent on the factors they released, e.g., neurotrophic factors, pro-inflammatory factors, lactoferrin, and those undetermined. Therefore, iron chelation using iron chelators, the extracts from many natural foods with iron chelating properties, may be an effective therapy for prevention and treatment of the disease.
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Abstract
With the development of research, more and more evidences suggested that mutations in the genes associated with brain iron metabolism induced diseases in the brain. Brain iron metabolism disorders might be one cause of neurodegenerative diseases. This review mainly summarizes the normal process of iron entry into the brain across the blood-brain barrier, and the distribution and transportation of iron among neurons and glial cells, as well as the underlying regulation mechanisms. To understand the mechanisms of iron metabolism in the brain will provide theoretical basis to prevent and cure brain diseases related to iron metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, 20, Nanerhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050024, China.
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, 20, Nanerhuan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050024, China.
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Unraveling the Burden of Iron in Neurodegeneration: Intersections with Amyloid Beta Peptide Pathology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2850341. [PMID: 29581821 PMCID: PMC5831758 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2850341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Unbound iron accumulated as a consequence of brain aging is highly reactive with water and oxygen and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals. ROS are toxic compounds able to damage cell membranes, DNA, and mitochondria. Which are the mechanisms involved in neuronal iron homeostasis and in neuronal response to iron-induced oxidative stress constitutes a cutting-edge topic in metalloneurobiology. Increasing our knowledge about the underlying mechanisms that operate in iron accumulation and their consequences would shed light on the comprehension of the molecular events that participate in the pathophysiology of the abovementioned neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, current evidences about iron accumulation in the brain, the signaling mechanisms triggered by metal overload, as well as the interaction between amyloid β (Aβ) and iron, will be summarized.
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Moreau C, Duce JA, Rascol O, Devedjian JC, Berg D, Dexter D, Cabantchik ZI, Bush AI, Devos D. Iron as a therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2018; 33:568-574. [PMID: 29380903 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moreau
- Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM UMRS_1171, Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France
| | - James A Duce
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK, and Oxidation Biology Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Olivier Rascol
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, CHU de Toulouse, INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436, Services de Neurologie et de Pharmacologie Clinique, UMR TONIC, NS-Park/FCRIN Network, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Devedjian
- University de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM UMRS_1171, NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany and Hertie-Institute of Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Z Ioav Cabantchik
- Della Pergola Chair, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Oxidation Biology Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Devos
- Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM UMRS_1171, Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France
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48
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Xu H, Wang Y, Song N, Wang J, Jiang H, Xie J. New Progress on the Role of Glia in Iron Metabolism and Iron-Induced Degeneration of Dopamine Neurons in Parkinson's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 10:455. [PMID: 29403352 PMCID: PMC5780449 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now increasingly appreciated that glial cells play a critical role in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Impairment of these properties might lead to dysfunction of iron metabolism and neurodegeneration of neurons. We have previously shown that dysfunction of glia could cause iron deposit and enhance iron-induced degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). There also has been a substantial growth of knowledge regarding the iron metabolism of glia and their effects on iron accumulation and degeneration of DA neurons in PD in recent years. Here, we attempt to describe the role of iron metabolism of glia and the effect of glia on iron accumulation and degeneration of DA neurons in the substantia nigra of PD. This could provide evidence to reveal the mechanisms underlying nigral iron accumulation of DA neurons in PD and provide the basis for discovering new potential therapeutic targets for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Youcui Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Santander-Ortega M, Plaza-Oliver M, Rodríguez-Robledo V, Castro-Vázquez L, Villaseca-González N, González-Fuentes J, Marcos P, Arroyo-Jiménez M, Lozano M. Colloids for drug delivery to the brain. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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50
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Zucca FA, Segura-Aguilar J, Ferrari E, Muñoz P, Paris I, Sulzer D, Sarna T, Casella L, Zecca L. Interactions of iron, dopamine and neuromelanin pathways in brain aging and Parkinson's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 155:96-119. [PMID: 26455458 PMCID: PMC4826627 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There are several interrelated mechanisms involving iron, dopamine, and neuromelanin in neurons. Neuromelanin accumulates during aging and is the catecholamine-derived pigment of the dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra and norepinephrine neurons of the locus coeruleus, the two neuronal populations most targeted in Parkinson's disease. Many cellular redox reactions rely on iron, however an altered distribution of reactive iron is cytotoxic. In fact, increased levels of iron in the brain of Parkinson's disease patients are present. Dopamine accumulation can induce neuronal death; however, excess dopamine can be removed by converting it into a stable compound like neuromelanin, and this process rescues the cell. Interestingly, the main iron compound in dopamine and norepinephrine neurons is the neuromelanin-iron complex, since neuromelanin is an effective metal chelator. Neuromelanin serves to trap iron and provide neuronal protection from oxidative stress. This equilibrium between iron, dopamine, and neuromelanin is crucial for cell homeostasis and in some cellular circumstances can be disrupted. Indeed, when neuromelanin-containing organelles accumulate high load of toxins and iron during aging a neurodegenerative process can be triggered. In addition, neuromelanin released by degenerating neurons activates microglia and the latter cause neurons death with further release of neuromelanin, then starting a self-propelling mechanism of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Considering the above issues, age-related accumulation of neuromelanin in dopamine neurons shows an interesting link between aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio A Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Juan Segura-Aguilar
- Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emanuele Ferrari
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Irmgard Paris
- Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Santo Tomás University, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tadeusz Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
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