1
|
Bralewska M, Pietrucha T, Sakowicz A. The Role of Catestatin in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2461. [PMID: 38473713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a unique pregnancy disorder affecting women across the world. It is characterized by the new onset of hypertension with coexisting end-organ damage. Although the disease has been known for centuries, its exact pathophysiology and, most importantly, its prevention remain elusive. The basis of its associated molecular changes has been attributed to the placenta and the hormones regulating its function. One such hormone is chromogranin A (CgA). In the placenta, CgA is cleaved to form a variety of biologically active peptides, including catestatin (CST), known inter alia for its vasodilatory effects. Recent studies indicate that the CST protein level is diminished both in patients with hypertension and those with PE. Therefore, the aim of the present paper is to review the most recent and most relevant in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies to provide an overview of the proposed impact of CST on the molecular processes of PE and to consider the possibilities for future experiments in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Bralewska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietrucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pankova O, Korzh O. Plasma catestatin levels are related to metabolic parameters in patients with essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heart Vessels 2024; 39:144-159. [PMID: 37758851 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Catestatin (CST) is a pleiotropic peptide with cardioprotective and metabolic effects. CST is involved in the pathogenesis of both arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which are the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the plasma CST levels in hypertensive patients, especially with T2DM, as well as compare those with healthy volunteers, and explore the relationship between CST levels and clinical, anthropometric and laboratory parameters. 106 Hypertensive patients, 55 of which had comorbidity T2DM, and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent clinical examination, including vital signs and anthropometric data assessment, medical history interview, and blood sample collection. Plasma CST levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using a commercial diagnostic kit. The plasma CST levels were significantly lower in hypertensive patients (N = 106) compared with healthy subjects (N = 30) (5.02 ± 1.09 vs. 6.64 ± 0.72; p < 0.001). Furthermore, hypertensive patients with T2DM (N = 55) have significantly reduced CST levels in comparison with those without T2DM (N = 51) (4.47 ± 1.16 vs. 5.61 ± 0.61; p < 0.001). CST significantly correlated with anthropometric characteristics, in particular, weight (r = - 0.344; p < 0.001), BMI (r = - 0.42; p < 0.001), neck (r = - 0.358; p < 0.001), waist (r = - 0.487; p < 0.001), hip (r = - 0.312; p < 0.001), wrist circumferences (r = - 0.264; p = 0.002), and waist-to-hip ratio (r = - 0.395; p < 0.001). Due to its antihypertensive effect, CST has significant associations with systolic BP (r = - 0.475; p < 0.001) and duration of AH (r = - 0.26; p = 0.007). CST also has an inverse relationship with insulin (r = - 0.382; p < 0.001), glucose (r = - 0.45; p < 0.001), index HOMA-IR (r = - 0.481; p < 0.001) and HbA1c (r = - 0.525; p < 0.001), that indicate its involvement in T2DM development. Besides, CST has significant correlations with uric acid levels (r = - 0.412; p < 0.001) as well as lipid parameters, especially HDL-C (r = 0.480; p < 0.001), VLDL-C (r = - 0.238; p = 0.005), TG (r = - 0.4; p < 0.001), non-HDL-C/HDL-C (r = - 0.499; p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated BMI (β = - 0.22; p = 0.007), AH duration (β = - 0.25; p = 0.008), HbA1c (β = - 0.43; p = 0.019) and HDL-C levels (β = 0.27; p = 0.001) as independent predictors of CST levels. The hypertensive patients have significantly decreased CST levels that are even more reduced in the presence of comorbid T2DM. The established correlations with anthropometric and laboratory parameters indicate not only antihypertensive but also metabolic effects of CST. Our results suggest the probable role of CST in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases and the development of cardiovascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olena Pankova
- Department of General Practice-Family Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Heroiv Kharkova Ave., 275, Kharkiv, 61106, Ukraine.
| | - Oleksii Korzh
- Department of General Practice-Family Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Heroiv Kharkova Ave., 275, Kharkiv, 61106, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Palmrich P, Schirwani-Hartl N, Haberl C, Haslinger P, Heinzl F, Zeisler H, Binder J. Catestatin-A Potential New Therapeutic Target for Women with Preeclampsia? An Analysis of Maternal Serum Catestatin Levels in Preeclamptic Pregnancies. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5931. [PMID: 37762872 PMCID: PMC10531844 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catestatin has been identified as an important factor in blood pressure control in non-pregnant adults. A possible impact on the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has been indicated. Data on catestatin levels in pregnancy are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential association of maternal serum catestatin levels to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. METHODS We evaluated serum catestatin levels of 50 preeclamptic singleton pregnancies and 50 healthy gestational-age-matched pregnancies included in the obstetric biobank registry of the Medical University of Vienna. Receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression models were performed to investigate an association between catestatin levels and development of preeclampsia. RESULTS Catestatin levels were significantly decreased in women with preeclampsia compared to healthy controls (median CST: 3.03 ng/mL, IQR [1.24-7.21 ng/mL] vs. 4.82 ng/mL, IQR [1.82-10.02 ng/mL]; p = 0.010), indicating an association between decreased catestatin values and the development of preeclampsia. There was no significant difference in catestatin values between early-onset preeclampsia and late-onset preeclampsia. Modelling the occurrence of preeclampsia via logistic regression was improved when adding catestatin as a predictive factor. CONCLUSIONS Decreased serum catestatin levels are associated with the presence of preeclampsia. Further investigations into the diagnostic value and possible therapeutic role of catestatin in preeclampsia are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Binder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.P.); (N.S.-H.); (C.H.); (P.H.); (F.H.); (H.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Iyer DR, Venkatraman J, Tanguy E, Vitale N, Mahapatra NR. Chromogranin A and its derived peptides: potential regulators of cholesterol homeostasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:271. [PMID: 37642733 PMCID: PMC11072126 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CHGA), a member of the granin family of proteins, has been an attractive therapeutic target and candidate biomarker for several cardiovascular, neurological, and inflammatory disorders. The prominence of CHGA stems from the pleiotropic roles of several bioactive peptides (e.g., catestatin, pancreastatin, vasostatins) generated by its proteolytic cleavage and by their wide anatomical distribution. These peptides are emerging as novel modulators of cardiometabolic diseases that are often linked to high blood cholesterol levels. However, their impact on cholesterol homeostasis is poorly understood. The dynamic nature of cholesterol and its multitudinous roles in almost every aspect of normal body function makes it an integral component of metabolic physiology. A tightly regulated coordination of cholesterol homeostasis is imperative for proper functioning of cellular and metabolic processes. The deregulation of cholesterol levels can result in several pathophysiological states. Although studies till date suggest regulatory roles for CHGA and its derived peptides on cholesterol levels, the mechanisms by which this is achieved still remain unclear. This review aims to aggregate and consolidate the available evidence linking CHGA with cholesterol homeostasis in health and disease. In addition, we also look at common molecular regulatory factors (viz., transcription factors and microRNAs) which could govern the expression of CHGA and genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis under basal and pathological conditions. In order to gain further insights into the pathways mediating cholesterol regulation by CHGA/its derived peptides, a few prospective signaling pathways are explored, which could act as primers for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya R Iyer
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Janani Venkatraman
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Emeline Tanguy
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212 and Université de Strasbourg, 5 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212 and Université de Strasbourg, 5 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Nitish R Mahapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zalewska E, Kmieć P, Sobolewski J, Koprowski A, Sworczak K. Low catestatin as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease - assessment in patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1198911. [PMID: 37522122 PMCID: PMC10379641 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1198911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Catestatin (Cts) is a peptide derived from proteolytic cleavage of chromogranin A, which exhibits cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Cts has been proposed as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Objectives examining Cts in patients with incidentally discovered adrenocortical adenomas (AI), and its associations with CV risk factors and blood pressure (BP). Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, 64 AI patients without overt CV disease other than primary hypertension were recruited along with 24 age-, sex-, and body-mass-index (BMI)-matched controls with normal adrenal morphology. Laboratory, 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring, echocardiography, and common carotid artery sonography examinations were performed. Results Unadjusted Cts was higher in AI patients (median 6.5, interquartile range: 4.9-37 ng/ml) versus controls (4.5 (3.5 - 28)), p=0.048, however, the difference was insignificant after adjusting for confounding variables. Cts was lower in subjects with metabolic syndrome than in those without it (5.2 (3.9- 6.9) vs. 25.7 (5.8-115) ng/ml, p<0.01), and in men compared to women (4.9 (4-7.4) ng/ml vs. 7 (4.8-100), p=0.015). AI patients in the lower half of Cts levels compared to those in the upper had a higher prevalence of hypertension (OR 0.15, 95% CI: 0.041-0.5, p<0.001) and metabolic syndrome (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.041-0.5, p<0.001). In AI patients Cts correlated positively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Spearman's r=0.31), negatively with BMI (r=-0.31), and 10-year atherosclerotic CV disease risk (r=-0.42). Conclusions Our data indicate associations between CV risk factors and Cts. More clinical research is needed to apply serum Cts as a biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Zalewska
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Kmieć
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jakub Sobolewski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Koprowski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sworczak
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bralewska M, Pietrucha T, Sakowicz A. Reduction in CgA-Derived CST Protein Level in HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo Trophoblastic Cell Lines Caused by the Preeclamptic Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087124. [PMID: 37108287 PMCID: PMC10138478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most dangerous complications of pregnancy is preeclampsia (PE), a disease associated with a high risk of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Although its etiology remains unknown, the placenta is believed to be at the center of ongoing changes. One of the hormones produced by the placenta is chromogranin A (CgA). Thus far, its role in pregnancy and pregnancy-related disorders is enigmatic, yet it is known that both CgA and its derived peptide catestatin (CST) are involved in the majority of the processes that are disturbed in PE, such as blood pressure regulation or apoptosis. Therefore, in this study, the influence of the preeclamptic environment on the production of CgA using two cell lines, HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo, was investigated. Furthermore, the capacity of trophoblastic cells to secrete CST to the environment was tested, as well as the correlation between CST and apoptosis. This study provided the first evidence that CgA and CST proteins are produced by trophoblastic cell lines and that the PE environment has an impact on CST protein production. Furthermore, a strong negative correlation between CST protein level and apoptosis induction was found. Hence, both CgA and its derived peptide CST may play roles in the complex process of PE pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Bralewska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietrucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
CBD supplementation reduces arterial blood pressure via modulation of the sympatho-chromaffin system: A substudy from the HYPER-H21-4 trial. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114387. [PMID: 36780785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Data concerning the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on blood pressure (BP) is controversial. HYPER-H21-4 was a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial which sought to elucidate if 5-week administration of CBD will reduce BP in hypertensive patients. In the substudy of this trial, we aimed to establish the mechanistic background of CBD-induced BP reduction. Specifically, we explored the dynamic of catestatin, a sympathoinhibitory peptide implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension. In the present analysis, 54 patients with Grade 1 hypertension were included. 5-week administration of CBD but not placebo reduced serum catestatin concentration in comparison to baseline (13.50 [10.85-19.05] vs. 9.65 [6.37-12.26] ng/mL, p < 0.001). Serum catestatin levels at the start of the treatment period demonstrated a negative correlation with the extent of reduction in mean arterial pressure (r = -0.474, p < 0.001). Moreover, the extent of change in catestatin serum levels showed a strong correlation with the extent of mean arterial pressure reduction (r = 0.712, p < 0.001). Overall, the results of the present study imply that the antihypertensive effects of CBD may be explained by its interaction with the sympatho-chromaffin system, although further research is warranted.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ochocińska A, Wysocka-Mincewicz M, Świderska J, Cukrowska B. Selected Serum Markers Associated with Pathogenesis and Clinical Course of Type 1 Diabetes in Pediatric Patients—The Effect of Disease Duration. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062151. [PMID: 36983153 PMCID: PMC10051659 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochemical abnormalities in the course of type 1 diabetes (T1D) may cause the production/activation of various proteins and peptides influencing treatment and causing a risk of complications. The aim of this study was to assess concentrations of selected serum substances involved in the pathogenesis and course of T1D and to correlate their concentrations with the duration of T1D. The study included patients with T1D (n = 156) at the age of 3–17, who were divided according to the duration of the disease into those newly diagnosed (n = 30), diagnosed after 3–5 (n = 77), 6–7 (n = 25), and over 7 (n = 24) years from the onset of T1D, and age-matched healthy controls (n = 30). Concentrations of amylin (IAPP), proamylin (proIAPP), catestatin (CST), chromogranin A (ChgA), nerve growth factor (NFG), platelet-activating factor (PAF), uromodulin (UMOD), and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) were measured in sera using immunoenzymatic tests. There were significant differences in concentrations of all the substances except UMOD and NGF between T1D patients and healthy children. The duration of the disease affected concentrations of CST, ChgA, PAF, and NGF, i.e., proteins/peptides which could have an impact on the course of T1D and the development of complications. In long-term patients, a decrease in concentrations of CST and ChgA, and an increase in PAF concentrations were found. In the case of NGF, a decrease was observed after the initial high values, followed by an increase over 7 years after T1D diagnosis. Concluding, the results show that concentrations of selected serum indicators may change in the course of T1D. Further studies are needed to establish whether these indicators could be used in the context of predicting long-term complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ochocińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-815-73-01
| | - Marta Wysocka-Mincewicz
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Świderska
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Cukrowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Serum Catestatin Levels Correlate with Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Indices of Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Primary Hypertension. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091204. [PMID: 36139043 PMCID: PMC9496451 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data suggests that catestatin, an eclectic neuroendocrine peptide, is involved in the pathophysiology of primary hypertension (PH). Nevertheless, clinical studies concerning its role in PH are still scarce. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to explore an association between serum catestatin levels, ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness in patients with PH and healthy controls. In this single-center study, 72 patients aged 40−70 diagnosed with PH, and 72 healthy controls were included. In patients with PH, serum catestatin concentrations were significantly higher in comparison to the healthy controls (29.70 (19.33−49.48) ng/mL vs. 5.83 (4.21−8.29) ng/mL, p < 0.001). Untreated patients had significantly higher serum catestatin than patients treated with antihypertensive drugs (41.61 (22.85−63.83) ng/mL vs. 24.77 (16.41−40.21) ng/mL, p = 0.005). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum catestatin levels retained a significant association with mean arterial pressure (β ± standard error, 0.8123 ± 0.3037, p < 0.009) after model adjustments for age, sex and body mass index. Finally, catestatin levels positively correlated with pulse wave velocity (r = 0.496, p < 0.001) and central augmentation index (r = 0.441, p < 0.001), but not with peripheral resistance. In summary, increased serum catestatin concentration in PH, predominantly in the untreated subgroup, and its association with ambulatory BP and arterial stiffness address the role of this peptide in PH.
Collapse
|
10
|
Prognostic Value of Catestatin in Severe COVID-19: An ICU-Based Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154496. [PMID: 35956112 PMCID: PMC9369405 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Catestatin is a pleiotropic peptide with a wide range of immunomodulatory effects. Considering that patients with a severe COVID-19 infection have a major immunological dysregulation, the aim of this study was to evaluate catestatin levels in patients with COVID-19 treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to compare them between the fatal and non-fatal outcomes. The study included 152 patients with severe COVID-19, out of which 105 had a non-fatal outcome and 47 had a fatal outcome. Serum catestatin levels were estimated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a commercially available diagnostic kit. The results show that catestatin levels were significantly lower in the fatal group compared to the non-fatal group (16.6 ± 7.8 vs. 23.2 ± 9.2 ng/mL; p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between serum catestatin levels and vitamin D levels (r = 0.338; p < 0.001) while there was also a significant positive correlation between serum catestatin levels and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels (r = −0.345; p < 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression showed that catestatin, GDF-15 and leukocyte count were significant predictors for COVID-19 survival. These findings imply that catestatin could be playing a major immunomodulatory role in the complex pathophysiology of the COVID-19 infection and that serum catestatin could also be a predictor of a poor COVID-19 outcome.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zalewska E, Kmieć P, Sworczak K. Role of Catestatin in the Cardiovascular System and Metabolic Disorders. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:909480. [PMID: 35665253 PMCID: PMC9160393 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.909480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Catestatin is a multifunctional peptide that is involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular and immune systems as well as metabolic homeostatis. It mitigates detrimental, excessive activity of the sympathetic nervous system by inhibiting catecholamine secretion. Based on in vitro and in vivo studies, catestatin was shown to reduce adipose tissue, inhibit inflammatory response, prevent macrophage-driven atherosclerosis, and regulate cytokine production and release. Clinical studies indicate that catestatin may influence the processes leading to hypertension, affect the course of coronary artery diseases and heart failure. This review presents up-to-date research on catestatin with a particular emphasis on cardiovascular diseases based on a literature search.
Collapse
|
12
|
The Role of Urotensin-II in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Pediatric Population. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9020204. [PMID: 35204924 PMCID: PMC8870523 DOI: 10.3390/children9020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Urotensin-II (U-II) is a short cyclic peptide that is widely recognized as one of the most potent vasoconstrictors. U-II plays a role in the pathophysiology of MS, participating in the development of essential hypertension, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and a proinflammatory state. Methods: This study comprised 52 obese children and adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) z score > 2, aged 10 to 18 years. Serum levels of U-II were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay along with other standard biochemical parameters. Results: Elevated serum levels of U-II were recorded in the group of obese subjects with MS when compared with the group of obese subjects without MS (4.99 (8.97–3.16) vs. 4.17 (5.17–2.03) ng/mL, median and IQR, p = 0.026). Furthermore, a subgroup of study subjects with high blood pressure had significantly higher U-II levels in comparison with the normotensive subgroup (4.98 (7.19–3.22) vs. 3.32 (5.06–1.97) ng/mL, p = 0.027), while the subgroup with a positive family history of high blood pressure had significantly higher U-II levels when compared with subjects who had a negative family history of elevated blood pressure (5.06 (6.83–4.45) vs. 3.32 (6.13–2.21) ng/mL, p = 0.039). Conclusions: To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study on the levels of U-II in obese children and adolescents, including a possible link to MS.
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu X, Dang W, Liu H, Song Y, Li Y, Xu W. Associations between chronic work stress and plasma chromogranin A/catestatin among healthy workers. J Occup Health 2022; 64:e12321. [PMID: 35297526 PMCID: PMC9176708 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plasma chromogranin A (CgA) may play a critical role on linking work stress to health outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the associations between work stress and plasma CgA levels in healthy workers without chronic diseases. METHODS The study included 260 healthy workers from EHOP study. Work stressors were assessed by the Chinese version of the 23-item ERI-Q questionnaire. Plasma CgA and catestatin levels were measured by ELISA kits. The demographic characteristics were collected from medical records. RESULTS Among the final 260 subjects including 173 males (66.5%) and 87 females (33.5%), the average age was 37.6 ± 10.6 years old. Effort, overcommitment, and ERI were positively associated with plasma CgA level, respectively (r = 0.267, 0.319, and 0.304, all p < .001), while reward was negatively associated with CgA level (r = -0.237, p < .001). The workers with high effort, overcommitment, or ERI had significantly higher plasma CgA levels, while the workers with high rewards had significantly lower plasma CgA levels. The workers with both high overcommitment and high ERI had highest plasma CgA levels. In the linear regression analysis, after adjustment for confounders, effort, overcommitment, and ERI were respectively positively related to plasma CgA, while reward negatively related to plasma CgA. The associations between work stress and plasma catestatin was not significant. The ratio of CgA and catestatin was associated with work stress. CONCLUSIONS Work stress is associated with plasma CgA which may be play a crucial role on the pathway from chronic work stress to cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Dang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weixian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Muntjewerff EM, Christoffersson G, Mahata SK, van den Bogaart G. Putative regulation of macrophage-mediated inflammation by catestatin. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:41-50. [PMID: 34844850 PMCID: PMC10843896 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Catestatin (CST) is a bioactive cleavage product of the neuroendocrine prohormone chromogranin A (CgA). Recent findings show that CST can exert anti-inflammatory and antiadrenergic effects by suppressing the inflammatory actions of mammalian macrophages. However, recent findings also suggest that macrophages themselves are major CST producers. Here, we hypothesize that macrophages produce CST in an inflammation-dependent manner and thereby might self-regulate inflammation in an autocrine fashion. CST is associated with pathological conditions hallmarked by chronic inflammation, including autoimmune, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. Since intraperitoneal injection of CST in mouse models of diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease has been reported to be beneficial for mitigating disease, we posit that CST should be further investigated as a candidate target for treating certain inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elke M Muntjewerff
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gustaf Christoffersson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Catestatin as a Biomarker of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Clinical Perspective. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121757. [PMID: 34944578 PMCID: PMC8698910 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accounting for almost one-third of the global mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a major global health issue. Emerging data suggest that most of the well-established mechanistic explanations regarding the cardiovascular pathophysiology are flawed, and cannot fully explain the progression and long-term effects of these diseases. On the other hand, dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) has emerged as an important player in the pathophysiology of CVDs. Even though upregulated SNS activity is an essential compensatory response to various stress conditions, in the long term, it becomes a major contributor to both cardiac dysfunction and vascular damage. Despite the fact that the importance of SNS hyperactivity in the setting of CVDs has been well-appreciated, its exact quantification and clinical application in either diagnostics or therapy of CVDs is still out of reach. Nevertheless, in recent years a number of novel laboratory biomarkers implicated in the pathophysiology of SNS activation have been explored. Specifically, in this review, we aimed to discuss the role of catestatin, a potent physiological inhibitor of catecholamine spillover that offers cardioprotective effects. Limited data indicate that catestatin could also be a reliable indirect marker of SNS activity and it is likely that high CST levels reflect advanced CV disease burden. Consequently, large-scale studies are required to validate these observations in the upcoming future.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bralewska M, Biesiada L, Grzesiak M, Rybak-Krzyszkowska M, Huras H, Gach A, Pietrucha T, Sakowicz A. Chromogranin A demonstrates higher expression in preeclamptic placentas than in normal pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:680. [PMID: 34620125 PMCID: PMC8496087 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although preeclampsia has long been recognized as a condition affecting late pregnancy, little is known of its pathogenesis or treatment. The placenta releases a number of hormones and molecules that influence the course of pregnancy, one of which is chromogranin A, a soluble protein secreted mainly from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Its role in pregnancy and pregnancy-related disorders remains unclear. Therefore, the main aim of the proposed study is to determine whether chromogranin A is related with the occurrence of preeclampsia. METHODS Placental samples were collected from 102 preeclamptic patients and 103 healthy controls, and Chromogranin A gene (CHGA) expression was measured using real-time RT-PCR, The RT-PCR results were verified on the protein level using ELISA. The normal distribution of the data was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The clinical and personal characteristics of the groups were compared using the Student's t-test for normally-distributed data, and the χ2 test for categorical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normally distributed data. As the log- transformation was not suitable for the given outcomes, the Box- Cox Transformation was used to normalize data from ELISA tests and CHGA expression. Values of P < .05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Chromogranin A gene expression was found to be significantly higher in the study group than in controls. Protein analyses showed that although the CgA concentration in placental samples did not differ significantly, the catestatin (CST) level was significantly lower in samples obtained from women with preeclampsia, according to the controls. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE This study for the first time reveals that chromogranin A gene expression level is associated with preeclampsia. Moreover, the depletion in catestatin level, which plays a protective role in hypertension development, might be a marker of developing preeclampsia. Further studies may unravel role of Chromogranin A in the discussed disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Bralewska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Lidia Biesiada
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Grzesiak
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magda Rybak-Krzyszkowska
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, University Hospital in Krakow, Kopernika 36, Krakow, Poland
| | - Hubert Huras
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, University Hospital in Krakow, Kopernika 36, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gach
- Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietrucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Muntjewerff EM, Tang K, Lutter L, Christoffersson G, Nicolasen MJT, Gao H, Katkar GD, Das S, ter Beest M, Ying W, Ghosh P, El Aidy S, Oldenburg B, van den Bogaart G, Mahata SK. Chromogranin A regulates gut permeability via the antagonistic actions of its proteolytic peptides. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 232:e13655. [PMID: 33783968 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM A "leaky" gut barrier has been implicated in the initiation and progression of a multitude of diseases, for example, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome and celiac disease. Here we show how pro-hormone Chromogranin A (CgA), produced by the enteroendocrine cells, and Catestatin (CST: hCgA352-372 ), the most abundant CgA-derived proteolytic peptide, affect the gut barrier. METHODS Colon tissues from region-specific CST-knockout (CST-KO) mice, CgA-knockout (CgA-KO) and WT mice were analysed by immunohistochemistry, western blot, ultrastructural and flowcytometry studies. FITC-dextran assays were used to measure intestinal barrier function. Mice were supplemented with CST or CgA fragment pancreastatin (PST: CgA250-301 ). The microbial composition of cecum was determined. CgA and CST levels were measured in blood of IBD patients. RESULTS Plasma levels of CST were elevated in IBD patients. CST-KO mice displayed (a) elongated tight, adherens junctions and desmosomes similar to IBD patients, (b) elevated expression of Claudin 2, and (c) gut inflammation. Plasma FITC-dextran measurements showed increased intestinal paracellular permeability in the CST-KO mice. This correlated with a higher ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, a dysbiotic pattern commonly encountered in various diseases. Supplementation of CST-KO mice with recombinant CST restored paracellular permeability and reversed inflammation, whereas CgA-KO mice supplementation with CST and/or PST in CgA-KO mice showed that intestinal paracellular permeability is regulated by the antagonistic roles of these two peptides: CST reduces and PST increases permeability. CONCLUSION The pro-hormone CgA regulates the intestinal paracellular permeability. CST is both necessary and sufficient to reduce permeability and primarily acts by antagonizing PST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elke M. Muntjewerff
- Department of Tumor Immunology Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Kechun Tang
- VA San Diego Healthcare System San Diego CA USA
| | - Lisanne Lutter
- Center for Translational Immunology Utrecht University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Utrecht University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Gustaf Christoffersson
- Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Medical Cell biology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mara J. T. Nicolasen
- Department of Tumor Immunology Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | - Gajanan D. Katkar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | - Martin ter Beest
- Department of Tumor Immunology Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Wei Ying
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | - Sahar El Aidy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Bas Oldenburg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Utrecht University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Tumor Immunology Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System San Diego CA USA
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tüten N, Güralp O, Gök K, Hamzaoglu K, Oner YO, Makul M, Bulut H, Irmak K, Tüten A, Malik E. Serum catestatin level is increased in women with preeclampsia. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 42:55-60. [PMID: 33938370 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1873922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Catestatin can inhibit catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and adrenergic neurons. Catestatin can also have a strong vasodilator effect. This may be useful in understanding the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and its treatment. In this study, we investigated the serum catestatin levels in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia. Fifty consecutive women with mild preeclampsia, 50 consecutive women with severe preeclampsia, and 100 consecutive pregnant women with a gestational age-matched (±1 week) uncomplicated pregnancy were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. Mean serum catestatin was significantly increased in the preeclampsia group compared to the control group (290.7 ± 95.5 pg/mL vs. 182.8 ± 72.0 pg/mL). Mean serum catestatin was comparable in mild and severe preeclampsia groups (282.7 ± 97.9 pg/mL vs. 298.7 ± 93.4 pg/mL, p = .431). Serum catestatin levels had positive correlations with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, urea, uric acid, and creatinine. In conclusion, serum catestatin levels are increased in preeclamptic pregnancies compared to gestational age-matched controls.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? The role of autonomic nervous system dysregulation in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia is known. The most obvious part of this dysregulation is the sympathetic nervous system activation. The adrenal medulla is one of the locations of the sympathetic nervous system in the body.What do the results of this study add? Serum catestatin levels were found to be correlated with clinical and laboratory data of preeclampsia. This highlights the importance of chromaffin cell secretions in the adrenal medulla in preeclampsia.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study will help understand the role of the adrenal medulla in the autonomic nervous system dysregulation in preeclampsia. Also, control of serum catestatin levels may support the treatment of hypertension in preeclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Tüten
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Istanbul, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital, Turkey
| | - Onur Güralp
- Carl von Ossietzky Oldenburg University, University Hospital for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Koray Gök
- Education and Research Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Kübra Hamzaoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yahya Ozgün Oner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Makul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huri Bulut
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry Department, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kübra Irmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tokat State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Tüten
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eduard Malik
- Carl von Ossietzky Oldenburg University, University Hospital for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ying W, Tang K, Avolio E, Schilling JM, Pasqua T, Liu MA, Cheng H, Gao H, Zhang J, Mahata S, Ko MS, Bandyopadhyay G, Das S, Roth DM, Sahoo D, Webster NJG, Sheikh F, Ghosh G, Patel HH, Ghosh P, van den Bogaart G, Mahata SK. Immunosuppression of Macrophages Underlies the Cardioprotective Effects of CST (Catestatin). Hypertension 2021; 77:1670-1682. [PMID: 33826401 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ying
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Kechun Tang
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA (T.P., K.T., J.M.S., D.M.R., N.J.G.W., H.H.P., S.K.M.)
| | - Ennio Avolio
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla.,Comparative Anatomy & Cytology, Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende-Cosenza, Italy (E.A.)
| | - Jan M Schilling
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA (T.P., K.T., J.M.S., D.M.R., N.J.G.W., H.H.P., S.K.M.).,Department of Anesthesiology (J.M.S., D.M.R., H.H.P.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA (T.P., K.T., J.M.S., D.M.R., N.J.G.W., H.H.P., S.K.M.).,Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy (T.P.)
| | - Matthew A Liu
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (H.C.)
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Sumana Mahata
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Myung S Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (M.S.K., G.G.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology (S.D.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - David M Roth
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA (T.P., K.T., J.M.S., D.M.R., N.J.G.W., H.H.P., S.K.M.).,Department of Anesthesiology (J.M.S., D.M.R., H.H.P.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Department of Pediatrics (D.S.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering (D.S.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA (T.P., K.T., J.M.S., D.M.R., N.J.G.W., H.H.P., S.K.M.).,Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Farah Sheikh
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Gourisankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (M.S.K., G.G.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA (T.P., K.T., J.M.S., D.M.R., N.J.G.W., H.H.P., S.K.M.).,Department of Anesthesiology (J.M.S., D.M.R., H.H.P.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla.,Cellular and Molecular Medicine (P.G.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (G.v.d.B.).,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (G.v.d.B.)
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA (T.P., K.T., J.M.S., D.M.R., N.J.G.W., H.H.P., S.K.M.).,Department of Medicine (W.Y., E.A., M.A.L., H.G., J.Z., S.M., G.B., F.S., N.J.G.W., P.G., S.K.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rocca C, Grande F, Granieri MC, Colombo B, De Bartolo A, Giordano F, Rago V, Amodio N, Tota B, Cerra MC, Rizzuti B, Corti A, Angelone T, Pasqua T. The chromogranin A 1-373 fragment reveals how a single change in the protein sequence exerts strong cardioregulatory effects by engaging neuropilin-1. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13570. [PMID: 33073482 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Chromogranin A (CgA), a 439-residue long protein, is an important cardiovascular regulator and a precursor of various bioactive fragments. Under stressful/pathological conditions, CgA cleavage generates the CgA1-373 proangiogenic fragment. The present work investigated the possibility that human CgA1-373 influences the mammalian cardiac performance, evaluating the role of its C-terminal sequence. METHODS Haemodynamic assessment was performed on an ex vivo Langendorff rat heart model, while mechanistic studies were performed using perfused hearts, H9c2 cardiomyocytes and in silico. RESULTS On the ex vivo heart, CgA1-373 elicited direct dose-dependent negative inotropism and vasodilation, while CgA1-372 , a fragment lacking the C-terminal R373 residue, was ineffective. Antibodies against the PGPQLR373 C-terminal sequence abrogated the CgA1-373 -dependent cardiac and coronary modulation. Ex vivo studies showed that CgA1-373 -dependent effects were mediated by endothelium, neuropilin-1 (NRP1) receptor, Akt/NO/Erk1,2 pathways, nitric oxide (NO) production and S-nitrosylation. In vitro experiments on H9c2 cardiomyocytes indicated that CgA1-373 also induced eNOS activation directly on the cardiomyocyte component by NRP1 targeting and NO involvement and provided beneficial action against isoproterenol-induced hypertrophy, by reducing the increase in cell surface area and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) release. Molecular docking and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations strongly supported the hypothesis that the C-terminal R373 residue of CgA1-373 directly interacts with NRP1. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CgA1-373 is a new cardioregulatory hormone and that the removal of R373 represents a critical switch for turning "off" its cardioregulatory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho‐Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Analytical Chemistry Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Granieri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho‐Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Barbara Colombo
- Division of Experimental Oncology Vita‐Salute San Raffaele University–Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho‐Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro Catanzaro Italy
| | - Bruno Tota
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho‐Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
- Laboratory of Organ and System Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Cerra
- Laboratory of Organ and System Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR‐NANOTEC Licryl‐UOS Cosenza and CEMIF.Cal Department of Physics University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Angelo Corti
- Division of Experimental Oncology Vita‐Salute San Raffaele University–Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho‐Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC) Bologna Italy
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho‐Physiology Department of Biology, E. and E.S. University of Calabria Rende Italy
- "Fondazione Umberto Veronesi" Milan Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Catestatin peptide of chromogranin A as a potential new target for several risk factors management in the course of metabolic syndrome. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111113. [PMID: 33341043 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, lipodystrophy, diabetes, and hypertension collectively constitute the main features of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), together with insulin resistance (IR), which is considered as a defining element. MetS generally leads to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is a determinant cause of mortality and morbidity in humans and animals. Therefore, it is essential to implement and put in place adequate management strategies for the treatment of this disease. Catestatin is a bioactive peptide with 21 amino acids, which is derived through cleaving of the prohormone chromogranin A (CHGA/CgA) that is co-released with catecholamines from secretory vesicles and, which is responsible for hepatic/plasma lipids and insulin levels regulation, improves insulin sensitivity, reduces hypertension and attenuates obesity in murine models. In humans, there were few published studies, which showed that low levels of catestatin are significant risk factors for hypertension in adult patients. These accumulating evidence documents clearly that catestatin peptide (CST) is linked to inflammatory and metabolic syndrome diseases and can be a novel regulator of insulin and lipid levels, blood pressure, and cardiac function. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the CST effects in metabolic syndrome given its role in metabolic regulation and thus, provide new insights into the use of CST as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
22
|
Plasma catestatin level predicts sPESI score and mortality in acute pulmonary embolism. ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCES. ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASES 2020; 5:e49-e56. [PMID: 32529106 PMCID: PMC7277442 DOI: 10.5114/amsad.2020.95562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is an emergent cardiothoracic disorder. The PESI score is used to estimate 30-day mortality in patients diagnosed with non-high-risk APE. Also, there are biomarkers for predicting prognosis and mortality in APE. Catestatin (CST) is accepted as a marker ofsympathetic nervous system activity which has been shown that the sympathetic nervous system activation can contribute pathogenesis in APE. So, we attempt herein to investigate the correlation of PE diagnosis and prognostic determination with plasma CST levels in PE patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Blood samples were drawn at admission for laboratory assays and CST measurements. Plasma levels of CST were measured by ELISA according to the manufacturer's instruction. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed for the assessment of RV dysfunction using a Toshiba Applio 500 echocardiographic system within 24 h of the admission. RESULTS Plasma CST levels were higher in patients with APE than in the control group (17.5 ±6.1 ng/ml vs. 27.3 ±5.7 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Plasma CST levels were higher in the sPESI ≥ 1 (n = 72) than in the patients with sPESI < 1 (37.3 ±6.1 vs. 24.2 ±5.3 ng/ml, p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between CST level and sPESI score (±0.581, p < 0.001). Mortality occurred in 20 patients with sPESI ≥ 1 (27.7%) and in 9 patients with sPESI < 1 (10.2%) (p = 0.010). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis using a cut-off level of 31.2 ng/ml, and the CST level predicted mortality with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 52.6% (AUC = 0.883, 95% CI: 0.689-0.921). Furthermore, the CST level was correlated with right ventricular dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS CST can predict sPESI score and mortality in patients with APE.
Collapse
|
23
|
Li Y, Song Y, Dang W, Guo L, Xu W. The associations between anxiety/depression and plasma chromogranin A among healthy workers: Results from EHOP study. J Occup Health 2020; 62:e12113. [PMID: 32515855 PMCID: PMC7006243 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chromogranin A (CgA) is regarded as an indicator of sympathetic tone and adrenomedullary system activity. Catestatin is one of CgA‐derived fragments through proteolytic processing. Many studies have confirmed the correlation between anxiety/depression and the salivary CgA level. The study was to investigate the associations between anxiety/depression and plasma CgA/catestatin levels in healthy workers without cardiovascular disease. Methods The study included 263 healthy workers (175 men and 88 women). The symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Plasma CgA and catestatin levels were measured by ELISA kits. Results In bivariate correlation analysis, anxiety and depression were positively associated with plasma CgA level, respectively (r = 0.298, P < .001; r = 0.304, P < .001), but not significantly associated with plasma catestatin level. The anxiety group had significantly higher plasma CgA level than that in the no‐anxiety group (median 158.60 vs 70.90, P < .001). The similar results were found for depression scales. The depression group had significantly higher plasma CgA level (median 145.60 vs 82.40, P < .001). In the multiple linear regression model, after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI, anxiety was positively correlated with plasma CgA level (β = 0.359, P < .001), while anxiety was negatively correlated with plasma catestatin level (β = −0.128, P = .044), depression was also positively correlated with plasma CgA level (β = 0.343, P < .001). Conclusions Plasma CgA was associated with anxiety and depression in healthy workers. It can be considered as the blood indicator for the evaluation of anxiety and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Song
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Dang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Guo
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Weixian Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Simunovic M, Supe-Domic D, Karin Z, Degoricija M, Paradzik M, Bozic J, Unic I, Skrabic V. Serum catestatin concentrations are decreased in obese children and adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:549-555. [PMID: 30714297 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catestatin is a chromogranin A-derived peptide with a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as inhibiting catecholamine release, decreasing blood pressure, stimulating histamine release, reducing beta-adrenergic stimulation, and regulating oxidative stress. OBJECTIVES The aims of our study were to determine serum catestatin concentrations in obese children and adolescents in regard to presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and to evaluate the possible relations between catestatin levels and other cardiovascular risk factors. SUBJECTS Ninety-two obese subjects with a body mass index z score > 2, aged 10 to 18 years, and 39 healthy, normal weight controls were enrolled in the study. METHODS Serum catestatin concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Significantly lower serum catestatin concentrations were recorded in the group of obese subjects compared with a control group (10.03 ± 5.05 vs 13.13 ± 6.25 ng/mL, P = 0.004). Further analyses revealed significantly lower catestatin concentrations in the subgroup of obese patients with MS (9.02 ± 4.3 vs 10.54 ± 5.36 vs 13.13 ± 6.25, P = 0.008). Serum catestatin concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.253, P = 0.014), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = -0.215, P = 0.037) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (r = -0.208, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report catestatin concentrations in obese children and adolescents and their possible relations with MS and cardiovascular risk factors in a pediatric population. Obese subjects with MS have lower serum catestatin concentrations than obese subjects without MS and controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Simunovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Daniela Supe-Domic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Zeljka Karin
- Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatia County, Split, Croatia
| | - Marina Degoricija
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Martina Paradzik
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Unic
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Veselin Skrabic
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mice overexpressing chromogranin A display hypergranulogenic adrenal glands with attenuated ATP levels contributing to the hypertensive phenotype. J Hypertens 2019; 36:1115-1128. [PMID: 29389743 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated circulating chromogranin A (CHGA) is observed in human hypertension. CHGA is critical for granulogenesis and exocytosis of catecholamine stores from secretory large dense core vesicles (LDCV). This study aims to understand the morphological, molecular and phenotypic changes because of excess CHGA and the mechanistic link eventuating in hyper-adrenergic hypertension. METHODS Blood pressure and heart rate was monitored in mouse models expressing normal and elevated level of CHGA by telemetry. Catecholamine and oxidative stress radicals were measured. Adrenal ultrastructure, LDCV content and mitochondrial abundance were compared and respiration analyzed by Seahorse assay. Effect of CHGA dosage on adrenal ATP content, electron transport chain components and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) were compared in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Mice with excess-CHGA displayed hypertensive phenotype, higher heart rate and increased sympathetic tone. They had elevated plasma catecholamine and adrenal ROS levels. Excess-CHGA caused an increase in size and abundance of LDCV and adrenal mitochondria. Nonetheless, they had attenuated levels of ATP. Isolated adrenal mitochondria from mice with elevated CHGA showed higher maximal respiration rates in the presence of protonophore, which uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. Elevated CHGA resulted in overexpression of UCP2 and diminished ATP. In vitro in chromaffin cells overexpressing CHGA, concomitant increase in UCP2 protein and decreased ATP was detected. CONCLUSION Elevated CHGA expression resulted in underlying bioenergetic dysfunction in ATP production despite higher mitochondrial mass. The outcome was unregulated negative feedback of LDCV exocytosis and secretion, resulting in elevated levels of circulating catecholamine and consequently the hypertensive phenotype.
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen Y, Wang X, Yang C, Su X, Yang W, Dai Y, Han H, Jiang J, Lu L, Wang H, Chen Q, Jin W. Decreased circulating catestatin levels are associated with coronary artery disease: The emerging anti-inflammatory role. Atherosclerosis 2018; 281:78-88. [PMID: 30658195 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The neuropeptide catestatin (CST) is an endogenous nicotinic cholinergic antagonist that acts as pleiotropic cardiac protective hormone. This study investigated the association between CST and coronary artery disease (CAD) and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS The serum concentration of CST among 224 CAD patients and 204 healthy controls was compared, and its association with atherosclerosis severity in 921 CAD patients was further analyzed. Compared to healthy subjects, serum CST concentration was lower in patients with CAD [1.14 (1.05-1.24) ng/mL vs. 2.15 (1.92-2.39) ng/mL, p < 0.001] and was inversely correlated with disease severity (r = -0.208, p < 0.001). In cultured endothelial cells, CST suppressed TNF-α-elicited expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules by activating angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2). Administration of CST reduced leukocyte-endothelium interactions in vitro and in vivo, and attenuated the development of atherosclerotic in ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet. These protective effects by CST were blocked by an ACE2 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Serum CST concentration is lower in CAD patients and is inversely associated with the severity of atherosclerosis. CST acts as a novel anti-atherogenic peptide that inhibits inflammatory response and EC-leukocyte interactions via an ACE2-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Xiaoqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Chendie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Xiuxiu Su
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yang Dai
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Qiujing Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Muntjewerff EM, Dunkel G, Nicolasen MJT, Mahata SK, van den Bogaart G. Catestatin as a Target for Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2199. [PMID: 30337922 PMCID: PMC6180191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly clear that inflammatory diseases and cancers are influenced by cleavage products of the pro-hormone chromogranin A (CgA), such as the 21-amino acids long catestatin (CST). The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the anti-inflammatory effects of CST and its mechanism of action. We discuss evidence proving that CST and its precursor CgA are crucial for maintaining metabolic and immune homeostasis. CST could reduce inflammation in various mouse models for diabetes, colitis and atherosclerosis. In these mouse models, CST treatment resulted in less infiltration of immune cells in affected tissues, although in vitro monocyte migration was increased by CST. Both in vivo and in vitro, CST can shift macrophage differentiation from a pro- to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Thus, the concept is emerging that CST plays a role in tissue homeostasis by regulating immune cell infiltration and macrophage differentiation. These findings warrant studying the effects of CST in humans and make it an interesting therapeutic target for treatment and/or diagnosis of various metabolic and immune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elke M Muntjewerff
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Gina Dunkel
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mara J T Nicolasen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Catestatin serum levels are increased in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath 2018; 23:473-481. [PMID: 30088239 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-018-1703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex sleep disorder associated with autonomic and sympathetic dysregulation. To the contrary, catestatin, an endogenous pleiotropic peptide cleaved from chromogranin A, is known for its inhibitory effects on catecholamine release and sympathetic activity. The aims of the study were to determine catestatin serum levels among male OSA patients compared to healthy control subjects and to explore associations of catestatin with anthropometric, polysomnographic, and lipid profile parameters. METHODS Seventy-eight male OSA patients aged 50.3 ± 8.8 years and 51 age/sex/BMI-matched control subjects aged 50.4 ± 7.8 years were enrolled in the study. Catestatin serum levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Catestatin serum levels were significantly higher among OSA patients compared to control subjects (2.9 ± 1.2 vs. 1.5 ± 1.1 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Serum catestatin levels significantly correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) among non-obese OSA subjects (r = 0.466, p = 0.016; β = 0.448, p = 0.026), while in whole OSA population, catestatin levels significantly correlated with neck circumference (r = 0.318, p < 0.001; β = 0.384, p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (r = - 0.320, p < 0.001; β = - 0.344, p < 0.001). In multivariate-adjusted regression model, serum catestatin was significant and independent predictor of OSA status (OR 4.98, 95% CI 2.17-11.47, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Catestatin serum levels are significantly increased in male OSA population and positively correlate with disease severity in non-obese patients. OSA status is independently predicted by catestatin levels; however, this finding is restricted to patients with moderate-to-severe disease. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanistic role of catestatin in the complex pathophysiology of OSA.
Collapse
|
29
|
Di Giacinto P, Rota F, Rizza L, Campana D, Isidori A, Lania A, Lenzi A, Zuppi P, Baldelli R. Chromogranin A: From Laboratory to Clinical Aspects of Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:8126087. [PMID: 30057604 PMCID: PMC6051263 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8126087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are characterized by having behavior and prognosis that depend upon tumor histology, primary site, staging, and proliferative index. The symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome and vasoactive intestinal peptide tumors are treated with octreotide acetate. The PROMID trial assesses the effect of octreotide LAR on the tumor growth in patients with well-differentiated metastatic midgut NETs. The CLARINET trial evaluates the effects of lanreotide in patients with nonfunctional, well-, or moderately differentiated metastatic enteropancreatic NETs. Everolimus has been approved for the treatment of advanced pancreatic NETs (pNETs) based on positive PFS effects, obtained in the treated group. Sunitinib is approved for the treatment of patients with progressive gastrointestinal stromal tumor or intolerance to imatinib, because a randomized study demonstrated that it improves PFS and overall survival in patients with advanced well-differentiated pNETs. In a phase II trial, pasireotide shows efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of patients with advanced NETs, whose symptoms of carcinoid syndrome were resistant to octreotide LAR. An open-label, phase II trial assesses the clinical activity of long-acting repeatable pasireotide in treatment-naive patients with metastatic grade 1 or 2 NETs. Even if the growth of the neoplasm was significantly inhibited, it is still unclear whether its antiproliferative action is greater than that of octreotide and lanreotide. Because new therapeutic options are needed to counter the natural behavior of neuroendocrine tumors, it would also be useful to have a biochemical marker that can be addressed better in the management of these patients. Chromogranin A is currently the most useful biomarker to establish diagnosis and has some utility in predicting disease recurrence, outcome, and efficacy of therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Giacinto
- Endocrinological Oncology, Service of Endocrinology, A.O. San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rota
- Endocrinological Oncology, Service of Endocrinology, A.O. San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rizza
- Endocrinological Oncology, Service of Endocrinology, A.O. San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Campana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lania
- Department of Endocrinology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Zuppi
- Endocrinological Oncology, Service of Endocrinology, A.O. San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baldelli
- Endocrinological Oncology, Service of Endocrinology, A.O. San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chiba A, Watanabe-Takano H, Miyazaki T, Mochizuki N. Cardiomyokines from the heart. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1349-1362. [PMID: 29238844 PMCID: PMC11105766 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The heart is regarded as an endocrine organ as well as a pump for circulation, since atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were discovered in cardiomyocytes to be secreted as hormones. Both ANP and BNP bind to their receptors expressed on remote organs, such as kidneys and blood vessels; therefore, the heart controls the circulation by pumping blood and by secreting endocrine peptides. Cardiomyocytes secrete other peptides besides natriuretic peptides. Although most of such cardiomyocyte-derived peptides act on the heart in autocrine/paracrine fashions, several peptides target remote organs. In this review, to overview current knowledge of endocrine properties of the heart, we focus on cardiomyocyte-derived peptides (cardiomyokines) that act on the remote organs as well as the heart. Cardiomyokines act on remote organs to regulate cardiovascular homeostasis, systemic metabolism, and inflammation. Therefore, through its endocrine function, the heart can maintain physiological conditions and prevent organ damage under pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Haruko Watanabe-Takano
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miyazaki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan.
- AMED-CREST, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li W, Webster KA, LeBlanc ME, Tian H. Secretogranin III: a diabetic retinopathy-selective angiogenic factor. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:635-647. [PMID: 28856381 PMCID: PMC5771826 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Secretogranin III (Scg3) is a member of the granin protein family that regulates the biogenesis of secretory granules. Scg3 was recently discovered as an angiogenic factor, expanding its functional role to extrinsic regulation. Unlike many other known angiogenic factors, the pro-angiogenic actions of Scg3 are restricted to pathological conditions. Among thousands of quantified endothelial ligands, Scg3 has the highest binding activity ratio to diabetic vs. healthy mouse retinas and lowest background binding to normal vessels. In contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor binds to and stimulates angiogenesis of both diabetic and control vasculature. Consistent with its role in pathological angiogenesis, Scg3-neutralizing antibodies alleviate retinal vascular leakage in mouse models of diabetic retinopathy and retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy mice. This review summarizes our current knowledge of Scg3 as a regulatory protein of secretory granules, highlights its new role as a highly disease-selective angiogenic factor, and envisions Scg3 inhibitors as "selective angiogenesis blockers" for targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Michelle E LeBlanc
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, Miami, FL, 33156, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Deng Z, Xu C. Role of the neuroendocrine antimicrobial peptide catestatin in innate immunity and pain. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:967-972. [PMID: 28981685 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Catestatin (CST) is a neuroendocrine peptide which is derived from the chromogranin A. It has been demonstrated that CST can affect a wide range of processes, such as innate immunity, inflammatory and autoimmune reactions, and several homeostatic regulations. Furthermore, CST is positive against several kinds of bacterial strains at micromolecular range, which shows its antimicrobial activity. Recently, the role of CST in acute and chronic pain has attracted much attention. In this review, we discussed the latest research findings of CST and its role in innate immunity and pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Deng
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Changshui Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Corti A, Marcucci F, Bachetti T. Circulating chromogranin A and its fragments as diagnostic and prognostic disease markers. Pflugers Arch 2017; 470:199-210. [PMID: 29018988 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CgA), a secretory protein released in the blood by neuroendocrine cells and neurons, is the precursor of various bioactive fragments involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, metabolism, innate immunity, angiogenesis, and tissue repair. After the original demonstration that circulating CgA can serve as a biomarker for a wide range of neuroendocrine tumors, several studies have shown that increased levels of CgA can be present also in the blood of patients with cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and inflammatory diseases with, in certain cases, important diagnostic and prognostic implications. Considering the high structural and functional heterogeneity of the CgA system, comprising precursor and fragments, it is not surprising that the different immunoassays used in these studies led, in some cases, to discrepant results. Here, we review these notions and we discuss the importance of measuring total-CgA, full-length CgA, specific fragments, and their relative levels for a more thorough assessment of the pathophysiological function and diagnostic/prognostic value of the CgA system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Corti
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Marcucci
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bachetti
- Clinical Trials Centre, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Chromogranins: from discovery to current times. Pflugers Arch 2017; 470:143-154. [PMID: 28875377 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The discovery in 1953 of the chromaffin granules as co-storage of catecholamines and ATP was soon followed by identification of a range of uniquely acidic proteins making up the isotonic vesicular storage complex within elements of the diffuse sympathoadrenal system. In the mid-1960s, the enzymatically inactive, major core protein, chromogranin A was shown to be exocytotically discharged from the stimulated adrenal gland in parallel with the co-stored catecholamines and ATP. A prohormone concept was introduced when one of the main storage proteins collectively named granins was identified as the insulin release inhibitory polypeptide pancreastatin. A wide range of granin-derived biologically active peptides have subsequently been identified. Both chromogranin A and chromogranin B give rise to antimicrobial peptides of relevance for combat of pathogens. While two of the chromogranin A-derived peptides, vasostatin-I and pancreastatin, are involved in modulation of calcium and glucose homeostasis, respectively, vasostatin-I and catestatin are important modulators of endothelial permeability, angiogenesis, myocardial contractility, and innate immunity. A physiological role is now evident for the full-length chromogranin A and vasostatin-I as circulating stabilizers of endothelial integrity and in protection against myocardial injury. The high circulating levels of chromogranin A and its fragments in patients suffering from various inflammatory diseases have emerged as challenges for future research and clinical applications.
Collapse
|
36
|
Subramanian L, Khan AA, Allu PKR, Kiranmayi M, Sahu BS, Sharma S, Khullar M, Mullasari AS, Mahapatra NR. A haplotype variant of the human chromogranin A gene ( CHGA) promoter increases CHGA expression and the risk for cardiometabolic disorders. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:13970-13985. [PMID: 28667172 PMCID: PMC5572921 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.778134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acidic glycoprotein chromogranin A (CHGA) is co-stored/co-secreted with catecholamines and crucial for secretory vesicle biogenesis in neuronal/neuroendocrine cells. CHGA is dysregulated in several cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are not well established. Here, we sought to identify common polymorphisms in the CHGA promoter and to explore the mechanistic basis of their plausible contribution to regulating CHGA protein levels in circulation. Resequencing of the CHGA promoter in an Indian population (n = 769) yielded nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): G-1106A, A-1018T, T-1014C, T-988G, G-513A, G-462A, T-415C, C-89A, and C-57T. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis indicated strong LD among SNPs at the -1014, -988, -462, and -89 bp positions and between the -1018 and -57 bp positions. Haplotype analysis predicted five major promoter haplotypes that displayed differential promoter activities in neuronal cells; specifically, haplotype 2 (containing variant T alleles at -1018 and -57 bp) exhibited the highest promoter activity. Systematic computational and experimental analyses revealed that transcription factor c-Rel has a role in activating the CHGA promoter haplotype 2 under basal and pathophysiological conditions (viz. inflammation and hypoxia). Consistent with the higher in vitro CHGA promoter activity of haplotype 2, individuals carrying this haplotype had higher plasma CHGA levels, plasma glucose levels, diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index. In conclusion, these results suggest a functional role of the CHGA promoter haplotype 2 (occurring in a large proportion of the world population) in enhancing CHGA expression in haplotype 2 carriers who may be at higher risk for cardiovascular/metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Subramanian
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036
| | - Abrar A Khan
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036
| | - Prasanna K R Allu
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036
| | - Malapaka Kiranmayi
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036
| | - Bhavani S Sahu
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Madhu Khullar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ajit S Mullasari
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai 600037
| | - Nitish R Mahapatra
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Troger J, Theurl M, Kirchmair R, Pasqua T, Tota B, Angelone T, Cerra MC, Nowosielski Y, Mätzler R, Troger J, Gayen JR, Trudeau V, Corti A, Helle KB. Granin-derived peptides. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 154:37-61. [PMID: 28442394 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The granin family comprises altogether 7 different proteins originating from the diffuse neuroendocrine system and elements of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The family is dominated by three uniquely acidic members, namely chromogranin A (CgA), chromogranin B (CgB) and secretogranin II (SgII). Since the late 1980s it has become evident that these proteins are proteolytically processed, intragranularly and/or extracellularly into a range of biologically active peptides; a number of them with regulatory properties of physiological and/or pathophysiological significance. The aim of this comprehensive overview is to provide an up-to-date insight into the distribution and properties of the well established granin-derived peptides and their putative roles in homeostatic regulations. Hence, focus is directed to peptides derived from the three main granins, e.g. to the chromogranin A derived vasostatins, betagranins, pancreastatin and catestatins, the chromogranin B-derived secretolytin and the secretogranin II-derived secretoneurin (SN). In addition, the distribution and properties of the chromogranin A-derived peptides prochromacin, chromofungin, WE14, parastatin, GE-25 and serpinins, the CgB-peptide PE-11 and the SgII-peptides EM66 and manserin will also be commented on. Finally, the opposing effects of the CgA-derived vasostatin-I and catestatin and the SgII-derived peptide SN on the integrity of the vasculature, myocardial contractility, angiogenesis in wound healing, inflammatory conditions and tumors will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Troger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Markus Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Kirchmair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Bruno Tota
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Maria C Cerra
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Yvonne Nowosielski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Raphaela Mätzler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jasmin Troger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Vance Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angelo Corti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Division of Experimental Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen B Helle
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Imbrogno S, Mazza R, Pugliese C, Filice M, Angelone T, Loh YP, Tota B, Cerra MC. The Chromogranin A-derived sympathomimetic serpinin depresses myocardial performance in teleost and amphibian hearts. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 240:1-9. [PMID: 27633326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CgA) is an acidic protein co-stored with catecholamines, hormones and neuropeptides in the secretory granules of endocrine, neuronal and other cell types (including cardiomyocytes). Proteolytic cleavage in the C terminus of CgA generates a 2.9kDa peptide named serpinin (Serp; Ala26Leu) that can be modified at its N terminus to form a pyroglutamate residue (pGlu-Serp). In the rat heart, both peptides increase contractility and relaxation through a β-adrenergic-like action mechanism. Accordingly, Serp and pGlu-Serp were proposed as novel myocardial sympatho-adrenergic modulators in mammals. On a comparative basis, here we report the actions of Serp and pGlu-Serp on myocardial contractility in three poikilotherm vertebrate species: the eel (Anguilla anguilla), the goldfish (Carassius auratus) and the frog (Rana esculenta). Using isolated working heart preparations, we show that pGlu-Serp reduces stroke volume in all species tested, while Serp reduces contractility in the frog heart, but is uneffective in eel and goldfish hearts. In the goldfish and frog hearts, pGlu-Serp activates the Nitric Oxide/cGMP pathway involving Endothelin-1 B receptors (frog) and β3 adrenergic receptors (goldfish). pGlu-Serp-treated hearts from goldfish and frog show increased cGMP content. Moreover, the exposure of the frog heart to pGlu-Serp is accompanied by an increased expression of activated eNOS and Akt. In conclusion, this first report showing that pGlu-Serp inhibits mechanical cardiac performance in teleost and amphibians supports an evolutionary role of the CgA system, and particularly its serpinin component, in the sympatho-adrenergic control of the vertebrate heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Imbrogno
- Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - R Mazza
- Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - C Pugliese
- Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - M Filice
- Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - T Angelone
- Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Y P Loh
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - B Tota
- Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - M C Cerra
- Dept. of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bandyopadhyay GK, Mahata SK. Chromogranin A Regulation of Obesity and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:20. [PMID: 28228748 PMCID: PMC5296320 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CgA) is a prohormone and granulogenic factor in endocrine and neuroendocrine tissues, as well as in neurons, and has a regulated secretory pathway. The intracellular functions of CgA include the initiation and regulation of dense-core granule biogenesis and sequestration of hormones in neuroendocrine cells. This protein is co-stored and co-released with secreted hormones. The extracellular functions of CgA include the generation of bioactive peptides, such as pancreastatin (PST), vasostatin, WE14, catestatin (CST), and serpinin. CgA knockout mice (Chga-KO) display: (i) hypertension with increased plasma catecholamines, (ii) obesity, (iii) improved hepatic insulin sensitivity, and (iv) muscle insulin resistance. These findings suggest that individual CgA-derived peptides may regulate different physiological functions. Indeed, additional studies have revealed that the pro-inflammatory PST influences insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, whereas CST alleviates adiposity and hypertension. This review will focus on the different metabolic roles of PST and CST peptides in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant models, and their potential use as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Metabolic Physiology and Ultrastructural Biology Laboratory, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- *Correspondence: Sushil K. Mahata,
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xu W, Yu H, Wu H, Li S, Chen B, Gao W. Plasma Catestatin in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Cardiology 2016; 136:164-169. [PMID: 27681934 DOI: 10.1159/000448987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure plasma catestatin levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome and investigate whether there is an association between catestatin levels and long-term outcome. METHODS Patients (n = 170) with suspected acute coronary syndrome who underwent emergency coronary angiography were enrolled, including 46 with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 89 with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 35 without coronary artery disease (CAD). All patients were followed for 2 years to measure the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including death from a cardiovascular cause, recurrent acute myocardial infarction, or hospital admission for heart failure or revascularization. RESULTS On average, the plasma catestatin levels in patients with STEMI (0.80 ± 0.62 ng/ml) and UAP (0.99 ± 0.63 ng/ml) were significantly lower than the levels seen in the control group with no evidence of CAD (1.38 ± 0.98 ng/ml; p = 0.001). In multivariable linear regression, body mass index, presence of hypertension, and type of CAD were independently related to the plasma catestatin level. However, there were no significant differences in MACEs between patients with high and low levels of catestatin. CONCLUSIONS The plasma catestatin levels in patients with STEMI and UAP were lower than the levels seen in patients without CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Catestatin (CST) was first named in 1997 for its catecholamine-inhibitory activity. It was discovered as a potent inhibitor of catecholamine secretion and as a regulator of histamine release. Accumulating evidence shows that CST is involved with cardiovascular diseases; however, whether CST is a protective factor for these conditions and the mechanisms by which such actions may be mediated are not well understood. In this article, we review recent basic research and clinical trials in the study of CST and summarize the association of CST with cardiovascular diseases. We review data obtained from MedLine via PubMed and from our own investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhao
- The Departments of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology & Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health & Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Analysis and validation of traits associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism Gly364Ser in catestatin using humanized chromogranin A mouse models. J Hypertens 2016; 34:68-78. [PMID: 26556564 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The human prohormone chromogranin A (CHGA), an index member of the granin family is processed to generate catestatin, a peptide that is hypotensive in action and modulates catecholamine release within the sympathoadrenal system. Hypertensive patients with excess sympathetic activity have diminished catestatin. Often the study of physiological consequences of human genetic variation is confounded by elements such as other variations in obligatory linkage disequilibrium with the variant being studied. Also the phenotype of the variant may be influenced by genetic background that varies amongst individuals. This study addresses the effects of a human catestatin polymorphism (rs9658667) using humanized CHGA mouse models. METHODS We created pertinent humanized mouse models wherein the mouse Chga gene locus was replaced by the human ortholog wild-type and the variant versions. This allowed for probing of the effects of catestatin variation in vivo with controls for other variations and global genetic background. RESULTS Both the wild-type and variant human catestatin expressing mouse models were normotensive. The variant catestatin mouse model recapitulated physiological influence of the polymorphism on autonomic traits. These mice had diminished catecholamine, attenuated stress response and increased baroreceptor slopes that would suggest reduced risk of developing hypertension. Elevated plasma glucose, a trait observed in humans was not observed in mice expressing the variant catestatin. CONCLUSION This functional genomics approach of creating humanized mouse models to study rs9658667 polymorphism recapitulated and validated many of the human trait associations. This approach can also be applied in the study of other human gene polymorphisms.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang D, Liu T, Shi S, Li R, Shan Y, Huang Y, Hu D, Huang C. Chronic Administration of Catestatin Improves Autonomic Function and Exerts Cardioprotective Effects in Myocardial Infarction Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2016; 21:526-535. [PMID: 26821570 DOI: 10.1177/1074248416628676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Catestatin (CST), which is emerging as a novel cardiac modulator, can protect the heart against excessive sympathetic drive in hypertensive cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study is to investigate whether exogenous CST decreases excessive cardiac sympathetic drive and improves autonomic function and exerts cardioprotective effects in myocardial infarction (MI) rats. Rats were divided into a sham group, MI group, and MI plus CST (MI + CST) group. Four weeks later, the autonomic function of the animals was assessed by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV) and measuring plasma catecholamine. Cardiac function was evaluated via echocardiography. Electrophysiological characteristics were assessed in Langendorff-perfused hearts. Compared to the MI group, the chronic administration of CST significantly increased the standard deviation of normal–normal intervals ( P < .01) and low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) HRV and decreased the ratio of LF–HF HRV ( P < .01 for all). Additionally, the level of plasma catecholamine was reduced in the MI + CST group compared to the MI group ( P < .01). Treatment with CST significantly increased ejection fraction (EF) and fraction shorting (FS) and significantly decreased the left ventricular end-systolic diameter and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter at 28 days postmyocardial infraction ( P < .05 for all). After MI, the ventricular repolarization duration, such as QTc intervals and action potential duration (APD) at 90% repolarization, was prolonged, and this prolongation could be decreased by CST ( P < .05 for all). The CST also increased the threshold of ADP alternans ( P < .01). Moreover, ventricular arrhythmias were induced in 83% of the MI group but only 33% of the MI + CST group ( P < .05). These results suggested that the chronic administration of CST plays a role in cardioprotection in MI rats, which may function by decreasing the cardiac sympathetic drive and improving autonomic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobo Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingguang Shan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovacular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kiranmayi M, Chirasani VR, Allu PKR, Subramanian L, Martelli EE, Sahu BS, Vishnuprabu D, Kumaragurubaran R, Sharma S, Bodhini D, Dixit M, Munirajan AK, Khullar M, Radha V, Mohan V, Mullasari AS, Naga Prasad SV, Senapati S, Mahapatra NR. Catestatin Gly364Ser Variant Alters Systemic Blood Pressure and the Risk for Hypertension in Human Populations via Endothelial Nitric Oxide Pathway. Hypertension 2016; 68:334-47. [PMID: 27324226 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.06568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Catestatin (CST), an endogenous antihypertensive/antiadrenergic peptide, is a novel regulator of cardiovascular physiology. Here, we report case-control studies in 2 geographically/ethnically distinct Indian populations (n≈4000) that showed association of the naturally-occurring human CST-Gly364Ser variant with increased risk for hypertension (age-adjusted odds ratios: 1.483; P=0.009 and 2.951; P=0.005). Consistently, 364Ser allele carriers displayed elevated systolic (up to ≈8 mm Hg; P=0.004) and diastolic (up to ≈6 mm Hg; P=0.001) blood pressure. The variant allele was also found to be in linkage disequilibrium with other functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CHGA promoter and nearby coding region. Functional characterization of the Gly364Ser variant was performed using cellular/molecular biological experiments (viz peptide-receptor binding assays, nitric oxide [NO], phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase, and phosphorylated endothelial NO synthase estimations) and computational approaches (molecular dynamics simulations for structural analysis of wild-type [CST-WT] and variant [CST-364Ser] peptides and docking of peptide/ligand with β-adrenergic receptors [ADRB1/2]). CST-WT and CST-364Ser peptides differed profoundly in their secondary structures and showed differential interactions with ADRB2; although CST-WT displaced the ligand bound to ADRB2, CST-364Ser failed to do the same. Furthermore, CST-WT significantly inhibited ADRB2-stimulated extracellular regulated kinase activation, suggesting an antagonistic role towards ADRB2 unlike CST-364Ser. Consequently, CST-WT was more potent in NO production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells as compared with CST-364Ser. This NO-producing ability of CST-WT was abrogated by ADRB2 antagonist ICI 118551. In conclusion, CST-364Ser allele enhanced the risk for hypertension in human populations, possibly via diminished endothelial NO production because of altered interactions of CST-364Ser peptide with ADRB2 as compared with CST-WT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malapaka Kiranmayi
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Venkat R Chirasani
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Prasanna K R Allu
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Lakshmi Subramanian
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Elizabeth E Martelli
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Bhavani S Sahu
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Durairajpandian Vishnuprabu
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Rathnakumar Kumaragurubaran
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Dhanasekaran Bodhini
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Madhulika Dixit
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Arasambattu K Munirajan
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Madhu Khullar
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Ajit S Mullasari
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Sanjib Senapati
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.)
| | - Nitish R Mahapatra
- From the Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (M.Kiranmayi, V.R.C., P.K.R.A., L.S., B.S.S., R.K., M.D., S.Senapati, N.R.M.); Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (E.E.M., S.V.N.P.); Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.V., A.K.M.); Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (S.Sharma, M.Khullar); Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (D.B., V.R., V.M.); Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (A.S.M.); Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (P.K.R.A.); and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (B.S.S.).
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xu W, Yu H, Li W, Gao W, Guo L, Wang G. Plasma Catestatin: A Useful Biomarker for Coronary Collateral Development with Chronic Myocardial Ischemia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149062. [PMID: 27304618 PMCID: PMC4909297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Catestatin is an endogenous multifunctional neuroendocrinepeptide. Recently, catestatin was discovered as a novel angiogenic cytokine. The study was to investigate the associations between endogenous catestatin and coronary collateral development among the patients with chronic myocardial ischemia. Methods Thirty-eight patients with coronary artery chronic total occlusions (CTO) (CTO group) and 38 patients with normal coronary arteries (normal group) were enrolled in the series. Among the patients with CTO, coronary collateral development was graded according to the Rentrop score method. Rentrop score 0–1 collateral development was regarded as poor collateral group and 2–3 collateral development was regarded as good collateral group. Plasma catestatin level and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by ELISA kits. Results The plasma catestatin levels in CTO group were significantly higher than that in normal group (1.97±1.01 vs 1.36±0.97ng/ml, p = 0.009). In the CTO group, the patients with good collateral development had significantly higher catestatin and VEGF levels than those with poor collateral development (2.36±0.73 vs 1.61±1.12 ng/ml, p = 0.018; 425.23±140.10 vs 238.48±101.00pg/mL, p<0.001). There is a positive correlation between plasma catestatin levels and Rentrop scores (r = 0.40, p = 0.013) among the patients with CTO. However, there is no correlations between plasma catestatin levels and VEGF (r = -0.06, p = 0.744). In the multiple linear regression models, plasma catestatin level was one of the independent factors of coronary collateral development after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions Plasma catestatin was associated with coronary collateral developments. It may be a useful biomarker for coronary collateral development and potential target for therapeutic angiogenesis in patients with CTO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Haiyi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lijun Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guisong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Mateescu M, Baixe S, Garnier T, Jierry L, Ball V, Haikel Y, Metz-Boutigue MH, Nardin M, Schaaf P, Etienne O, Lavalle P. Antibacterial Peptide-Based Gel for Prevention of Medical Implanted-Device Infection. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145143. [PMID: 26659616 PMCID: PMC4682826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Implanted medical devices are prone to infection. Designing new strategies to reduce infection and implant rejection are an important challenge for modern medicine. To this end, in the last few years many hydrogels have been designed as matrices for antimicrobial molecules destined to fight frequent infection found in moist environments like the oral cavity. In this study, two types of original hydrogels containing the antimicrobial peptide Cateslytin have been designed. The first hydrogel is based on alginate modified with catechol moieties (AC gel). The choice of these catechol functional groups which derive from mussel’s catechol originates from their strong adhesion properties on various surfaces. The second type of gel we tested is a mixture of alginate catechol and thiol-terminated Pluronic (AC/PlubisSH), a polymer derived from Pluronic, a well-known biocompatible polymer. This PlubisSH polymer has been chosen for its capacity to enhance the cohesion of the composition. These two gels offer new clinical uses, as they can be injected and jellify in a few minutes. Moreover, we show these gels strongly adhere to implant surfaces and gingiva. Once gelled, they demonstrate a high level of rheological properties and stability. In particular, the dissipative energy of the (AC/PlubisSH) gel detachment reaches a high value on gingiva (10 J.m-2) and on titanium alloys (4 J.m-2), conferring a strong mechanical barrier. Moreover, the Cateslytin peptide in hydrogels exhibited potent antimicrobial activities against P. gingivalis, where a strong inhibition of bacterial metabolic activity and viability was observed, indicating reduced virulence. Gel biocompatibility tests indicate no signs of toxicity. In conclusion, these new hydrogels could be ideal candidates in the prevention and/or management of periimplant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Mateescu
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sébastien Baixe
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tony Garnier
- Institut Charles Sadron, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Loic Jierry
- Institut Charles Sadron, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Ball
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Hélène Metz-Boutigue
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Nardin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique LRC 7228, Mulhouse, France
| | - Pierre Schaaf
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Etienne
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Angelone T, Quintieri AM, Pasqua T, Filice E, Cantafio P, Scavello F, Rocca C, Mahata SK, Gattuso A, Cerra MC. The NO stimulator, Catestatin, improves the Frank-Starling response in normotensive and hypertensive rat hearts. Nitric Oxide 2015; 50:10-19. [PMID: 26241941 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The myocardial response to mechanical stretch (Frank-Starling law) is an important physiological cardiac determinant. Modulated by many endogenous substances, it is impaired in the presence of cardiovascular pathologies and during senescence. Catestatin (CST:hCgA352-372), a 21-amino-acid derivate of Chromogranin A (CgA), displays hypotensive/vasodilatory properties and counteracts excessive systemic and/or intra-cardiac excitatory stimuli (e.g., catecholamines and endothelin-1). CST, produced also by the myocardium, affects the heart by modulating inotropy, lusitropy and the coronary tone through a Nitric Oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism. This study evaluated the putative influence elicited by CST on the Frank-Starling response of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and hypertensive (SHR) hearts by using isolated and Langendorff perfused cardiac preparations. Functional changes were evaluated on aged (18-month-old) WKY rats and SHR which mimic human chronic heart failure (HF). Comparison to WKY rats, SHR showed a reduced Frank-Starling response. In both rat strains, CST administration improved myocardial mechanical response to increased end-diastolic pressures. This effect was mediated by EE/IP3K/NOS/NO/cGMP/PKG, as revealed by specific inhibitors. CST-dependent positive Frank-Starling response is paralleled by an increment in protein S-Nitrosylation. Our data suggested CST as a NO-dependent physiological modulator of the stretch-induced intrinsic regulation of the heart. This may be of particular importance in the aged hypertrophic heart, whose function is impaired because of a reduced systolic performance accompanied by delayed relaxation and increased diastolic stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Angelone
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy; National Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Bologna, Italy
| | - A M Quintieri
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - T Pasqua
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - E Filice
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - P Cantafio
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - F Scavello
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - C Rocca
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - S K Mahata
- Department of Medicine, University of California & VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA
| | - A Gattuso
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - M C Cerra
- Dept of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy; National Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Correlation of plasma catestatin level and the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122993. [PMID: 25848973 PMCID: PMC4388679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Catestatin is a peptide which is a potent inhibitor of catecholamine secretion and played essential functions in the cardiovascular system. Previous research found that dramatic changes of catestatin were associated with hemodynamics in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during the first week after the AMI symptoms onset, but whether catestatin is also involved in the pathophysiological progression after AMI and then a predictor for outcomes is not clear. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation of plasma catestatin levels at different time points and the prognosis of AMI. 100 participants recruited were all patients with AMI, all of who received successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 12h from the AMI symptom onset in our center; the concentrations of plasma catestatin were evaluated from blood samples of those 100 participants. Subsequent 65 months' follow-up was performed after discharging to evaluate cardiac adverse events and the association between catestatin levels and prognosis of AMI was examined. We confirmed the dramatic change of catestatin concentrations in the first week of AMI, and the levels of catestatin on D3 were much higher in adverse events group than those in non-adverse events group (p<0.0001), but the ratio of D7/D3 was significantly lower. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the groups in which the levels on D3 were higher (p<0.0001) and the ratios of D7/D3 were lower (p<0.0001), patients trended to be more susceptive to adverse events after AMI. Furthermore, according to the analysis, we surmised catestatin level on D3 as an appropriate predictor for outcomes in patients with AMI with good specificity as well as sensitivity. All of the evidence confirmed that catestatin plays an important role in the progress of AMI, and may act as a promising target for prognostic prediction.
Collapse
|
49
|
Bassino E, Fornero S, Gallo MP, Gallina C, Femminò S, Levi R, Tota B, Alloatti G. Catestatin exerts direct protective effects on rat cardiomyocytes undergoing ischemia/reperfusion by stimulating PI3K-Akt-GSK3β pathway and preserving mitochondrial membrane potential. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119790. [PMID: 25774921 PMCID: PMC4361546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Catestatin (Cst) is a 21-amino acid peptide deriving from Chromogranin A. Cst exerts an overall protective effect against an excessive sympathetic stimulation of cardiovascular system, being able to antagonize catecholamine secretion and to reduce their positive inotropic effect, by stimulating the release of nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial cells. Moreover, Cst reduces ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, improving post-ischemic cardiac function and cardiomyocyte survival. To define the cardioprotective signaling pathways activated by Cst (5 nM) we used isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes undergoing simulated I/R. We evaluated cell viability rate with propidium iodide labeling and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with the fluorescent probe JC-1. The involvement of Akt, GSK3β, eNOS and phospholamban (PLN) cascade was studied by immunofluorescence. The role of PI3K-Akt/NO/cGMP pathway was also investigated by using the pharmacological blockers wortmannin (Wm), L-NMMA and ODQ. Our experiments revealed that Cst increased cell viability rate by 65% and reduced cell contracture in I/R cardiomyocytes. Wm, L-NMMA and ODQ limited the protective effect of Cst. The protective outcome of Cst was related to its ability to maintain MMP and to increase AktSer473, GSK3βSer9, PLNThr17 and eNOSSer1179 phosphorylation, while treatment with Wm abolished these effects. Thus, the present results show that Cst is able to exert a direct action on cardiomyocytes and give new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in its protective effect, highlighting the PI3K/NO/cGMP pathway as the trigger and the MMP preservation as the end point of its action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bassino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Fornero
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Gallo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Clara Gallina
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Saveria Femminò
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Renzo Levi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Bruno Tota
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87030, Cosenza, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Alloatti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Helle KB, Corti A. Chromogranin A: a paradoxical player in angiogenesis and vascular biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:339-48. [PMID: 25297920 PMCID: PMC11113878 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1750-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Half a century after the discovery of chromogranin A as a secreted product of the catecholamine storage granules in the bovine adrenal medulla, the physiological role for the circulating pool of this protein has been recently coined, namely as an important player in vascular homeostasis. While the circulating chromogranin A since 1984 has proved to be a significant and useful marker of a wide range of pathophysiological and pathological conditions involving the diffuse neuroendocrine system, this protein has now been assigned a physiological "raison d'etre" as a regulator in vascular homeostasis. Moreover, chromogranin A processing in response to tissue damage and blood coagulation provides the first indication of a difference in time frame of the regulation of angiogenesis evoked by the intact chromogranin A and its two major peptide products, vasostatin-1 and catestatin. The impact of these discoveries on vascular homeostasis, angiogenesis, cancer, tissue repair and cardio-regulation will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen B. Helle
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Haukelandsvei 1, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Angelo Corti
- Division of Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|