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de Wallau MB, Xavier AC, Moreno CA, Kim CA, Mendes EL, Ribeiro EM, Oliveira A, Félix TM, Fett-Conte AC, Bonadia LC, Correia-Costa GR, Monlleó IL, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL, Vieira TP. 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Influence of Parental Origin on Clinical Heterogeneity. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:518. [PMID: 38674452 PMCID: PMC11050591 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) shows significant clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to explore the association between clinical heterogeneity in 22q11.2DS and the parental origin of the deletion. The parental origin of the deletion was determined for 61 individuals with 22q11.2DS by genotyping DNA microsatellite markers and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Among the 61 individuals, 29 (47.5%) had a maternal origin of the deletion, and 32 (52.5%) a paternal origin. Comparison of the frequency of the main clinical features between individuals with deletions of maternal or paternal origin showed no statistically significant difference. However, Truncus arteriosus, pulmonary atresia, seizures, and scoliosis were only found in patients with deletions of maternal origin. Also, a slight difference in the frequency of other clinical features between groups of maternal or paternal origin was noted, including congenital heart disease, endocrinological alterations, and genitourinary abnormalities, all of them more common in patients with deletions of maternal origin. Although parental origin of the deletion does not seem to contribute to the phenotypic variability of most clinical signs observed in 22q11.2DS, these findings suggest that patients with deletions of maternal origin could have a more severe phenotype. Further studies with larger samples focusing on these specific features could corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bittencourt de Wallau
- Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.B.d.W.); (C.A.M.); (L.C.B.); (G.R.C.-C.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | | | - Carolina Araújo Moreno
- Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.B.d.W.); (C.A.M.); (L.C.B.); (G.R.C.-C.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital de Clínicas, FMUSP, São Paulo 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Elaine Lustosa Mendes
- Serviço de Genética do Hospital de Clínicas da UFPR, Curitiba 80060-900, Paraná, Brazil;
| | - Erlane Marques Ribeiro
- Serviço de Genética do Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin—HIAS, Fortaleza 60410-794, Ceará, Brazil;
| | - Amanda Oliveira
- Centro de Atenção aos Defeitos da Face—CADEFI, Recife 50060-293, Pernambuco, Brazil;
| | - Têmis Maria Félix
- Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre—HCPA, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;
| | - Agnes Cristina Fett-Conte
- Serviço de Genética da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP/FUNFARME), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Luciana Cardoso Bonadia
- Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.B.d.W.); (C.A.M.); (L.C.B.); (G.R.C.-C.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Gabriela Roldão Correia-Costa
- Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.B.d.W.); (C.A.M.); (L.C.B.); (G.R.C.-C.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Isabella Lopes Monlleó
- Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital Universitário Prof. Alberto Antunes (HUPAA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-900, Alagoas, Brazil;
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.B.d.W.); (C.A.M.); (L.C.B.); (G.R.C.-C.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Társis Paiva Vieira
- Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.B.d.W.); (C.A.M.); (L.C.B.); (G.R.C.-C.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
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Huo H, Zhang C, Wang K, Wang S, Chen W, Zhang Y, Yu W, Li S, Li S. A novel imprinted locus on bovine chromosome 18 homologous with human chromosome 16q24.1. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:40. [PMID: 38546894 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic regulation mechanism in mammals resulting in the parentally dependent monoallelic expression of genes. Imprinting disorders in humans are associated with several congenital syndromes and cancers and remain the focus of many medical studies. Cattle is a better model organism for investigating human embryo development than mice. Imprinted genes usually cluster on chromosomes and are regulated by different methylation regions (DMRs) located in imprinting control regions that control gene expression in cis. There is an imprinted locus on human chromosome 16q24.1 associated with congenital lethal developmental lung disease in newborns. However, genomic imprinting on bovine chromosome 18, which is homologous with human chromosome 16 has not been systematically studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the allelic expressions of eight genes (CDH13, ATP2C2, TLDC1, COTL1, CRISPLD2, ZDHHC7, KIAA0513, and GSE1) on bovine chromosome 18 and to search the DMRs associated gene allelic expression. Three transcript variants of the ZDHHC7 gene (X1, X2, and X5) showed maternal imprinting in bovine placentas. In addition, the monoallelic expression of X2 and X5 was tissue-specific. Five transcripts of the KIAA0513 gene showed tissue- and isoform-specific monoallelic expression. The CDH13, ATP2C2, and TLDC1 genes exhibited tissue-specific imprinting, however, COTL1, CRISLPLD2, and GSE1 escaped imprinting. Four DMRs, established after fertilization, were found in this region. Two DMRs were located between the ZDHHC7 and KIAA0513 genes, and two were in exon 1 of the CDH13 and ATP2C2 genes, respectively. The results from this study support future studies on the molecular mechanism to regulate the imprinting of candidate genes on bovine chromosome 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Huo
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weina Chen
- College of Medical Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yinjiao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- Shijiazhuang Tianquan Elite Dairy Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shujing Li
- Shijiazhuang Tianquan Elite Dairy Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Shijie Li
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China.
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Hubert JN, Perret M, Riquet J, Demars J. Livestock species as emerging models for genomic imprinting. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1348036. [PMID: 38500688 PMCID: PMC10945557 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1348036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetically-regulated process of central importance in mammalian development and evolution. It involves multiple levels of regulation, with spatio-temporal heterogeneity, leading to the context-dependent and parent-of-origin specific expression of a small fraction of the genome. Genomic imprinting studies have therefore been essential to increase basic knowledge in functional genomics, evolution biology and developmental biology, as well as with regard to potential clinical and agrigenomic perspectives. Here we offer an overview on the contribution of livestock research, which features attractive resources in several respects, for better understanding genomic imprinting and its functional impacts. Given the related broad implications and complexity, we promote the use of such resources for studying genomic imprinting in a holistic and integrative view. We hope this mini-review will draw attention to the relevance of livestock genomic imprinting studies and stimulate research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julie Demars
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
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Carreras-Gallo N, Dwaraka VB, Jima DD, Skaar DA, Mendez TL, Planchart A, Zhou W, Jirtle RL, Smith R, Hoyo C. Creation and Validation of the First Infinium DNA Methylation Array for the Human Imprintome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575646. [PMID: 38293193 PMCID: PMC10827131 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Background Differentially methylated imprint control regions (ICRs) regulate the monoallelic expression of imprinted genes. Their epigenetic dysregulation by environmental exposures throughout life results in the formation of common chronic diseases. Unfortunately, existing Infinium methylation arrays lack the ability to profile these regions adequately. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) is the unique method able to profile these regions, but it is very expensive and it requires not only a high coverage but it is also computationally intensive to assess those regions. Findings To address this deficiency, we developed a custom methylation array containing 22,819 probes. Among them, 9,757 probes map to 1,088 out of the 1,488 candidate ICRs recently described. To assess the performance of the array, we created matched samples processed with the Human Imprintome array and WGBS, which is the current standard method for assessing the methylation of the Human Imprintome. We compared the methylation levels from the shared CpG sites and obtained a mean R 2 = 0.569. We also created matched samples processed with the Human Imprintome array and the Infinium Methylation EPIC v2 array and obtained a mean R 2 = 0.796. Furthermore, replication experiments demonstrated high reliability (ICC: 0.799-0.945). Conclusions Our custom array will be useful for replicable and accurate assessment, mechanistic insight, and targeted investigation of ICRs. This tool should accelerate the discovery of ICRs associated with a wide range of diseases and exposures, and advance our understanding of genomic imprinting and its relevance in development and disease formation throughout the life course.
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Warman-Chardon J, Hartley T, Marshall AE, McBride A, Couse M, Macdonald W, Mann MRW, Bourque PR, Breiner A, Lochmüller H, Woulfe J, Sampaio ML, Melkus G, Brais B, Dyment DA, Boycott KM, Kernohan K. Biallelic SOX8 Variants Associated With Novel Syndrome With Myopathy, Skeletal Deformities, Intellectual Disability, and Ovarian Dysfunction. Neurol Genet 2023; 9:e200088. [PMID: 38235364 PMCID: PMC10508790 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives The human genome contains ∼20,000 genes, each of which has its own set of complex regulatory systems to govern precise expression in each developmental stage and cell type. Here, we report a female patient with congenital weakness, respiratory failure, skeletal dysplasia, contractures, short stature, intellectual delay, respiratory failure, and amenorrhea who presented to Medical Genetics service with no known cause for her condition. Methods Whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing were conducted, as well as investigational functional studies to assess the effect of SOX8 variant. Results The patient was found to have biallelic SOX8 variants (NM_014587.3:c.422+5G>C; c.583dup p.(His195ProfsTer11)). SOX8 is a transcriptional regulator, which is predicted to be imprinted (expressed from only one parental allele), but this has not yet been confirmed. We provide evidence that while SOX8 was maternally expressed in adult-derived fibroblasts and lymphoblasts, it was biallelically expressed in other cell types and therefore suggest that biallelic variants are associated with this recessive condition. Functionally, we showed that the paternal variant had the capacity to affect mRNA splicing while the maternal variant resulted in low levels of a truncated protein, which showed decreased binding at and altered expression of SOX8 targets. Discussion Our findings associate SOX8 variants with this novel condition, highlight how complex genome regulation can complicate novel disease-gene identification, and provide insight into the molecular pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi Warman-Chardon
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Taila Hartley
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Aren Elizabeth Marshall
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Arran McBride
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Madeline Couse
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - William Macdonald
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mellissa R W Mann
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Pierre R Bourque
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ari Breiner
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - John Woulfe
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marcos Loreto Sampaio
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Gerd Melkus
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bernard Brais
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David A Dyment
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kym M Boycott
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kristin Kernohan
- From the Department of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L.), The Ottawa Hospital; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (J.W.-C., P.R.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., G.M.); Faculty of Medicine (J.W.-C., P.R.B., A.B., H.L., J.W., M.L.S., D.A.D., K.M.B.); Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (J.W.-C., T.H., A.E.M., A.M., H.L., D.A.D., K.M.B., K.K.), University of Ottawa; Hospital for Sick Children (M.C.), Centre for Computational Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Magee-Womens Research Institute (W.M., M.R.W.M.), Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (A.B., J.W.), The Ottawa Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.L.S., G.M.), Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (B.B.), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University; and Newborn Screening Ontario (K.K.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
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6
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Johnson RK, Ireton AJ, Carry PM, Vanderlinden LA, Dong F, Romero A, Johnson DR, Ghosh D, Yang F, Frohnert B, Yang IV, Kechris K, Rewers M, Norris JM. DNA Methylation Near DLGAP2 May Mediate the Relationship between Family History of Type 1 Diabetes and Type 1 Diabetes Risk. Pediatr Diabetes 2023; 2023:5367637. [PMID: 38765731 PMCID: PMC11100224 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5367637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the differential risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in offspring of affected fathers versus affected mothers and our observation that T1D cases have differential DNA methylation near the imprinted DLGAP2 gene compared to controls, we examined whether methylation near DLGAP2 mediates the association between T1D family history and T1D risk. In a nested case-control study of 87 T1D cases and 87 controls from the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young, we conducted causal mediation analyses at 12 DLGAP2 region CpGs to decompose the effect of family history on T1D risk into indirect and direct effects. These effects were estimated from two regression models adjusted for the human leukocyte antigen DR3/4 genotype: a linear regression of family history on methylation (mediator model) and a logistic regression of family history and methylation on T1D (outcome model). For 8 of the 12 CpGs, we identified a significant interaction between T1D family history and methylation on T1D risk. Accounting for this interaction, we found that the increased risk of T1D for children with affected mothers compared to those with no family history was mediated through differences in methylation at two CpGs (cg27351978, cg00565786) in the DLGAP2 region, as demonstrated by a significant pure natural indirect effect (odds ratio (OR) = 1.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-3.71) and nonsignificant total natural direct effect (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 0.16-16.62) (for cg00565786). In contrast, the increased risk of T1D for children with an affected father or sibling was not explained by DNA methylation changes at these CpGs. Results were similar for cg27351978 and robust in sensitivity analyses. Lastly, we found that DNA methylation in the DLGAP2 region was associated (P<0:05) with gene expression of nearby protein-coding genes DLGAP2, ARHGEF10, ZNF596, and ERICH1. Results indicate that the maternal protective effect conferred through exposure to T1D in utero may operate through changes to DNA methylation that have functional downstream consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi K. Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amanda J. Ireton
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Patrick M. Carry
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Colorado Program for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lauren A. Vanderlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fran Dong
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alex Romero
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David R. Johnson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brigitte Frohnert
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ivana V. Yang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marian Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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7
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Bina M. Defining Candidate Imprinted loci in Bos taurus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1036. [PMID: 37239396 PMCID: PMC10217866 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a whole-genome assembly of Bos taurus, I applied my bioinformatics strategy to locate candidate imprinting control regions (ICRs) genome-wide. In mammals, genomic imprinting plays essential roles in embryogenesis. In my strategy, peaks in plots mark the locations of known, inferred, and candidate ICRs. Genes in the vicinity of candidate ICRs correspond to potential imprinted genes. By displaying my datasets on the UCSC genome browser, one could view peak positions with respect to genomic landmarks. I give two examples of candidate ICRs in loci that influence spermatogenesis in bulls: CNNM1 and CNR1. I also give examples of candidate ICRs in loci that influence muscle development: SIX1 and BCL6. By examining the ENCODE data reported for mice, I deduced regulatory clues about cattle. I focused on DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs). Such sites reveal accessibility of chromatin to regulators of gene expression. For inspection, I chose DHSs in chromatin from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) ES-E14, mesoderm, brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. The ENCODE data revealed that the SIX1 promoter was accessible to the transcription initiation apparatus in mouse ESCs, mesoderm, and skeletal muscles. The data also revealed accessibility of BCL6 locus to regulatory proteins in mouse ESCs and examined tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minou Bina
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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8
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Head ST, Leslie EJ, Cutler DJ, Epstein MP. POIROT: a powerful test for parent-of-origin effects in unrelated samples leveraging multiple phenotypes. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad199. [PMID: 37067493 PMCID: PMC10148680 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION There is widespread interest in identifying genetic variants that exhibit parent-of-origin effects (POEs) wherein the effect of an allele on phenotype expression depends on its parental origin. POEs can arise from different phenomena including genomic imprinting and have been documented for many complex traits. Traditional tests for POEs require family data to determine parental origins of transmitted alleles. As most genome-wide association studies (GWAS) sample unrelated individuals (where allelic parental origin is unknown), the study of POEs in such datasets requires sophisticated statistical methods that exploit genetic patterns we anticipate observing when POEs exist. We propose a method to improve discovery of POE variants in large-scale GWAS samples that leverages potential pleiotropy among multiple correlated traits often collected in such studies. Our method compares the phenotypic covariance matrix of heterozygotes to homozygotes based on a Robust Omnibus Test. We refer to our method as the Parent of Origin Inference using Robust Omnibus Test (POIROT) of multiple quantitative traits. RESULTS Through simulation studies, we compared POIROT to a competing univariate variance-based method which considers separate analysis of each phenotype. We observed POIROT to be well-calibrated with improved power to detect POEs compared to univariate methods. POIROT is robust to non-normality of phenotypes and can adjust for population stratification and other confounders. Finally, we applied POIROT to GWAS data from the UK Biobank using BMI and two cholesterol phenotypes. We identified 338 genome-wide significant loci for follow-up investigation. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The code for this method is available at https://github.com/staylorhead/POIROT-POE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Taylor Head
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Leslie
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - David J Cutler
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Michael P Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
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9
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Aegisdottir HM, Thorolfsdottir RB, Sveinbjornsson G, Stefansson OA, Gunnarsson B, Tragante V, Thorleifsson G, Stefansdottir L, Thorgeirsson TE, Ferkingstad E, Sulem P, Norddahl G, Rutsdottir G, Banasik K, Christensen AH, Mikkelsen C, Pedersen OB, Brunak S, Bruun MT, Erikstrup C, Jacobsen RL, Nielsen KR, Sørensen E, Frigge ML, Hjorleifsson KE, Ivarsdottir EV, Helgadottir A, Gretarsdottir S, Steinthorsdottir V, Oddsson A, Eggertsson HP, Halldorsson GH, Jones DA, Anderson JL, Knowlton KU, Nadauld LD, Haraldsson M, Thorgeirsson G, Bundgaard H, Arnar DO, Thorsteinsdottir U, Gudbjartsson DF, Ostrowski SR, Holm H, Stefansson K. Genetic variants associated with syncope implicate neural and autonomic processes. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1070-1080. [PMID: 36747475 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Syncope is a common and clinically challenging condition. In this study, the genetics of syncope were investigated to seek knowledge about its pathophysiology and prognostic implications. METHODS AND RESULTS This genome-wide association meta-analysis included 56 071 syncope cases and 890 790 controls from deCODE genetics (Iceland), UK Biobank (United Kingdom), and Copenhagen Hospital Biobank Cardiovascular Study/Danish Blood Donor Study (Denmark), with a follow-up assessment of variants in 22 412 cases and 286 003 controls from Intermountain (Utah, USA) and FinnGen (Finland). The study yielded 18 independent syncope variants, 17 of which were novel. One of the variants, p.Ser140Thr in PTPRN2, affected syncope only when maternally inherited. Another variant associated with a vasovagal reaction during blood donation and five others with heart rate and/or blood pressure regulation, with variable directions of effects. None of the 18 associations could be attributed to cardiovascular or other disorders. Annotation with regard to regulatory elements indicated that the syncope variants were preferentially located in neural-specific regulatory regions. Mendelian randomization analysis supported a causal effect of coronary artery disease on syncope. A polygenic score (PGS) for syncope captured genetic correlation with cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, depression, and shortened lifespan. However, a score based solely on the 18 syncope variants performed similarly to the PGS in detecting syncope risk but did not associate with other disorders. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that syncope has a distinct genetic architecture that implicates neural regulatory processes and a complex relationship with heart rate and blood pressure regulation. A shared genetic background with poor cardiovascular health was observed, supporting the importance of a thorough assessment of individuals presenting with syncope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildur M Aegisdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Egil Ferkingstad
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Patrick Sulem
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | | | | | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3A, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Alex Hoerby Christensen
- The Unit for Inherited Cardiac Diseases, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, Herlev 2730, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Christina Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3A, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Ole Birger Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital - Køge, Lykkebækvej 1, Køge 4600, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3A, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Mie Topholm Bruun
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Nordre Ringgade 1, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Rikke Louise Jacobsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Kaspar Rene Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Urbansgade 32, Aalborg 9000, Denmark
| | - Erik Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Michael L Frigge
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | | | | | - Anna Helgadottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | | | | | - Asmundur Oddsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | | | | | - David A Jones
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, 600 S. Medical Center Drive, Saint George, UT 84790, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Anderson
- Intermountain Medical Center, Intermountain Heart Institute, 5171 S. Cottonwood Street Building 1, Salt Lake City, UT 84107, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 30 N 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Kirk U Knowlton
- Intermountain Medical Center, Intermountain Heart Institute, 5171 S. Cottonwood Street Building 1, Salt Lake City, UT 84107, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, 30 N 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Lincoln D Nadauld
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, 600 S. Medical Center Drive, Saint George, UT 84790, USA
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Magnus Haraldsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Psychiatry, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Hringbraut, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Gudmundur Thorgeirsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Hringbraut, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- The Capital Regions Unit for Inherited Cardiac Diseases, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - David O Arnar
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Hringbraut, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 4, Reykjavik 107, Iceland
| | - Sisse R Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Sturlugata 8, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
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10
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Richard Albert J, Kobayashi T, Inoue A, Monteagudo-Sánchez A, Kumamoto S, Takashima T, Miura A, Oikawa M, Miura F, Takada S, Hirabayashi M, Korthauer K, Kurimoto K, Greenberg MVC, Lorincz M, Kobayashi H. Conservation and divergence of canonical and non-canonical imprinting in murids. Genome Biol 2023; 24:48. [PMID: 36918927 PMCID: PMC10012579 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic imprinting affects gene expression in a parent-of-origin manner and has a profound impact on complex traits including growth and behavior. While the rat is widely used to model human pathophysiology, few imprinted genes have been identified in this murid. To systematically identify imprinted genes and genomic imprints in the rat, we use low input methods for genome-wide analyses of gene expression and DNA methylation to profile embryonic and extraembryonic tissues at allele-specific resolution. RESULTS We identify 14 and 26 imprinted genes in these tissues, respectively, with 10 of these genes imprinted in both tissues. Comparative analyses with mouse reveal that orthologous imprinted gene expression and associated canonical DNA methylation imprints are conserved in the embryo proper of the Muridae family. However, only 3 paternally expressed imprinted genes are conserved in the extraembryonic tissue of murids, all of which are associated with non-canonical H3K27me3 imprints. The discovery of 8 novel non-canonical imprinted genes unique to the rat is consistent with more rapid evolution of extraembryonic imprinting. Meta-analysis of novel imprinted genes reveals multiple mechanisms by which species-specific imprinted expression may be established, including H3K27me3 deposition in the oocyte, the appearance of ZFP57 binding motifs, and the insertion of endogenous retroviral promoters. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we provide an expanded list of imprinted loci in the rat, reveal the extent of conservation of imprinted gene expression, and identify potential mechanisms responsible for the evolution of species-specific imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshihiro Kobayashi
- Division of Mammalian Embryology, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Azusa Inoue
- YCI Laboratory for Metabolic Epigenetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Soichiro Kumamoto
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Asuka Miura
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Oikawa
- Division of Mammalian Embryology, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihito Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Keegan Korthauer
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kazuki Kurimoto
- Department of Embryology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Matthew Lorincz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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11
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Batista LL, Koga RDCR, Teixeira AVTDL, Teixeira TA, de Melo EL, Carvalho JCT. Clinical Safety of a Pharmaceutical Formulation Containing an Extract of Acmella oleracea (L.) in Patients With Premature Ejaculation: A Pilot Study. Am J Mens Health 2023; 17:15579883231167819. [PMID: 37081737 PMCID: PMC10126617 DOI: 10.1177/15579883231167819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acmella oleracea (L.) R. K. Jansen (Asteraceae) is a plant species widely used in traditional Amazonian medicine to treat sexual dysfunction. The use of this plant has gained popularity because of its sensory properties, such as a tingling sensation. In this study on patients with premature ejaculation, we evaluated the clinical action of a nano-formulation containing an ethanolic extract of A. oleracea inflorescences. Major constituents in the extracts were identified based on gas chromatographic analysis. Participants used a spray preparation based on the A. oleracea extract for 12 weeks, during which they were instructed to apply the product 5 min prior to sexual intercourse. To assess therapeutic efficacy, participants were required to record the mean intravaginal latency time for ejaculation (IELT). During the period of spray treatment, the nano-formulation of A. oleracea increased participant IELT values (M = 293 s) compared with the baseline values (193 s). This nano-formulation reported clinical action in patients with premature ejaculation. It is accordingly considered to have potential application as a therapeutic alternative with benefits for both patients and their partners. Given the small number of participants in this study, further multicenter studies involving a larger number of participants are needed to confirm these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lecildo Lira Batista
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Division of Urology, University Hospital, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Afonso Teixeira
- Division of Urology, University Hospital, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Men's Health Study Group, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Ester Lopes de Melo
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
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12
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Cao W, Douglas KC, Samollow PB, VandeBerg JL, Wang X, Clark AG. Origin and Evolution of Marsupial-specific Imprinting Clusters Through Lineage-specific Gene Duplications and Acquisition of Promoter Differential Methylation. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad022. [PMID: 36721950 PMCID: PMC9937046 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a parent-of-origin-specific expression phenomenon that plays fundamental roles in many biological processes. In animals, imprinting is only observed in therian mammals, with ∼200 imprinted genes known in humans and mice. The imprinting pattern in marsupials has been minimally investigated by examining orthologs to known eutherian imprinted genes. To identify marsupial-specific imprinting in an unbiased way, we performed RNA-seq studies on samples of fetal brain and placenta from the reciprocal cross progeny of two laboratory opossum stocks. We inferred allele-specific expression for >3,000 expressed genes and discovered/validated 13 imprinted genes, including three previously known imprinted genes, Igf2r, Peg10, and H19. We estimate that marsupials imprint ∼60 autosomal genes, which is a much smaller set compared with eutherians. Among the nine novel imprinted genes, three noncoding RNAs have no known homologs in eutherian mammals, while the remaining genes have important functions in pluripotency, transcription regulation, nucleolar homeostasis, and neural differentiation. Methylation analyses at promoter CpG islands revealed differentially methylated regions in five of these marsupial-specific imprinted genes, suggesting that differential methylation is a common mechanism in the epigenetic regulation of marsupial imprinting. Clustering and co-regulation were observed at marsupial imprinting loci Pou5f3-Npdc1 and Nkrfl-Ipncr2, but eutherian-type multi-gene imprinting clusters were not detected. Also differing from eutherian mammals, the brain and placenta imprinting profiles are remarkably similar in opossums, presumably due to the shared origin of these organs from the trophectoderm. Our results contribute to a fuller understanding of the origin, evolution, and mechanisms of genomic imprinting in therian mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Cao
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Innovation, and Commerce, Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University Center for Advanced Science, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Kory C Douglas
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Paul B Samollow
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - John L VandeBerg
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute and Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Innovation, and Commerce, Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University Center for Advanced Science, Auburn, AL, USA
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Andrew G Clark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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13
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Marino N, Putignano G, Cappilli S, Chersoni E, Santuccione A, Calabrese G, Bischof E, Vanhaelen Q, Zhavoronkov A, Scarano B, Mazzotta AD, Santus E. Towards AI-driven longevity research: An overview. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1057204. [PMID: 36936271 PMCID: PMC10018490 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1057204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
While in the past technology has mostly been utilized to store information about the structural configuration of proteins and molecules for research and medical purposes, Artificial Intelligence is nowadays able to learn from the existing data how to predict and model properties and interactions, revealing important knowledge about complex biological processes, such as aging. Modern technologies, moreover, can rely on a broader set of information, including those derived from the next-generation sequencing (e.g., proteomics, lipidomics, and other omics), to understand the interactions between human body and the external environment. This is especially relevant as external factors have been shown to have a key role in aging. As the field of computational systems biology keeps improving and new biomarkers of aging are being developed, artificial intelligence promises to become a major ally of aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Marino
- Women’s Brain Project (WBP), Gunterhausen, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Nicola Marino,
| | | | - Simone Cappilli
- Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- UOC of Dermatology, Department of Abdominal and Endocrine Metabolic Medical and Surgical Sciences, A. Gemelli University Hospital Foundation-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Chersoni
- Department of Chinese and Bilingual Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Giuliana Calabrese
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, CatholicUniversity of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Evelyne Bischof
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Quentin Vanhaelen
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bryan Scarano
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, CatholicUniversity of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro D. Mazzotta
- Department of Digestive, Oncological and Metabolic Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
- Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’anna, Pisa, Italy
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14
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Krushkal J, Vural S, Jensen TL, Wright G, Zhao Y. Increased copy number of imprinted genes in the chromosomal region 20q11-q13.32 is associated with resistance to antitumor agents in cancer cell lines. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:161. [PMID: 36461044 PMCID: PMC9716673 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parent of origin-specific allelic expression of imprinted genes is epigenetically controlled. In cancer, imprinted genes undergo both genomic and epigenomic alterations, including frequent copy number changes. We investigated whether copy number loss or gain of imprinted genes in cancer cell lines is associated with response to chemotherapy treatment. RESULTS We analyzed 198 human imprinted genes including protein-coding genes and noncoding RNA genes using data from tumor cell lines from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer datasets. We examined whether copy number of the imprinted genes in 35 different genome locations was associated with response to cancer drug treatment. We also analyzed associations of pretreatment expression and DNA methylation of imprinted genes with drug response. Higher copy number of BLCAP, GNAS, NNAT, GNAS-AS1, HM13, MIR296, MIR298, and PSIMCT-1 in the chromosomal region 20q11-q13.32 was associated with resistance to multiple antitumor agents. Increased expression of BLCAP and HM13 was also associated with drug resistance, whereas higher methylation of gene regions of BLCAP, NNAT, SGK2, and GNAS was associated with drug sensitivity. While expression and methylation of imprinted genes in several other chromosomal regions was also associated with drug response and many imprinted genes in different chromosomal locations showed a considerable copy number variation, only imprinted genes at 20q11-q13.32 had a consistent association of their copy number with drug response. Copy number values among the imprinted genes in the 20q11-q13.32 region were strongly correlated. They were also correlated with the copy number of cancer-related non-imprinted genes MYBL2, AURKA, and ZNF217 in that chromosomal region. Expression of genes at 20q11-q13.32 was associated with ex vivo drug response in primary tumor samples from the Beat AML 1.0 acute myeloid leukemia patient cohort. Association of the increased copy number of the 20q11-q13.32 region with drug resistance may be complex and could involve multiple genes. CONCLUSIONS Copy number of imprinted and non-imprinted genes in the chromosomal region 20q11-q13.32 was associated with cancer drug resistance. The genes in this chromosomal region may have a modulating effect on tumor response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Suleyman Vural
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.,Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - George Wright
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
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15
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DNA Computing: Concepts for Medical Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12146928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The branch of informatics that deals with construction and operation of computers built of DNA, is one of the research directions which investigates issues related to the use of DNA as hardware and software. This concept assumes the use of DNA computers due to their biological origin mainly for intelligent, personalized and targeted diagnostics frequently related to therapy. Important elements of this concept are (1) the retrieval of unique DNA sequences using machine learning methods and, based on the results of this process, (2) the construction/design of smart diagnostic biochip projects. The authors of this paper propose a new concept of designing diagnostic biochips, the key elements of which are machine-learning methods and the concept of biomolecular queue automata. This approach enables the scheduling of computational tasks at the molecular level by sequential events of cutting and ligating DNA molecules. We also summarize current challenges and perspectives of biomolecular computer application and machine-learning approaches using DNA sequence data mining.
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16
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Jima DD, Skaar DA, Planchart A, Motsinger-Reif A, Cevik SE, Park SS, Cowley M, Wright F, House J, Liu A, Jirtle RL, Hoyo C. Genomic map of candidate human imprint control regions: the imprintome. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1920-1943. [PMID: 35786392 PMCID: PMC9665137 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2091815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Imprinted genes – critical for growth, metabolism, and neuronal function – are expressed from one parental allele. Parent-of-origin-dependent CpG methylation regulates this expression at imprint control regions (ICRs). Since ICRs are established before tissue specification, these methylation marks are similar across cell types. Thus, they are attractive for investigating the developmental origins of adult diseases using accessible tissues, but remain unknown. We determined genome-wide candidate ICRs in humans by performing whole-genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) of DNA derived from the three germ layers and from gametes. We identified 1,488 hemi-methylated candidate ICRs, including 19 of 25 previously characterized ICRs (https://humanicr.org/). Gamete methylation approached 0% or 100% in 332 ICRs (178 paternally and 154 maternally methylated), supporting parent-of-origin-specific methylation, and 65% were in well-described CTCF-binding or DNaseI hypersensitive regions. This draft of the human imprintome will allow for the systematic determination of the role of early-acquired imprinting dysregulation in the pathogenesis of human diseases and developmental and behavioural disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje D Jima
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - David A Skaar
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Antonio Planchart
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Alison Motsinger-Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sebnem E Cevik
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sarah S Park
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Michael Cowley
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Fred Wright
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - John House
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Andy Liu
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Randy L Jirtle
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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17
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Gain and loss of TASK3 channel function and its regulation by novel variation cause KCNK9 imprinting syndrome. Genome Med 2022; 14:62. [PMID: 35698242 PMCID: PMC9195326 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomics enables individualized diagnosis and treatment, but large challenges remain to functionally interpret rare variants. To date, only one causative variant has been described for KCNK9 imprinting syndrome (KIS). The genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of KIS has yet to be described and the precise mechanism of disease fully understood. METHODS This study discovers mechanisms underlying KCNK9 imprinting syndrome (KIS) by describing 15 novel KCNK9 alterations from 47 KIS-affected individuals. We use clinical genetics and computer-assisted facial phenotyping to describe the phenotypic spectrum of KIS. We then interrogate the functional effects of the variants in the encoded TASK3 channel using sequence-based analysis, 3D molecular mechanic and dynamic protein modeling, and in vitro electrophysiological and functional methodologies. RESULTS We describe the broader genetic and phenotypic variability for KIS in a cohort of individuals identifying an additional mutational hotspot at p.Arg131 and demonstrating the common features of this neurodevelopmental disorder to include motor and speech delay, intellectual disability, early feeding difficulties, muscular hypotonia, behavioral abnormalities, and dysmorphic features. The computational protein modeling and in vitro electrophysiological studies discover variability of the impact of KCNK9 variants on TASK3 channel function identifying variants causing gain and others causing loss of conductance. The most consistent functional impact of KCNK9 genetic variants, however, was altered channel regulation. CONCLUSIONS This study extends our understanding of KIS mechanisms demonstrating its complex etiology including gain and loss of channel function and consistent loss of channel regulation. These data are rapidly applicable to diagnostic strategies, as KIS is not identifiable from clinical features alone and thus should be molecularly diagnosed. Furthermore, our data suggests unique therapeutic strategies may be needed to address the specific functional consequences of KCNK9 variation on channel function and regulation.
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18
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Kong YF, Li MK, Yuan YX, Yang ZY, Yu WY, Zhao PZ, Zhou JY. Detection of Parent-of-Origin Effects for the Variants Associated With Behavioral Disinhibition in the MCTFR Data. Front Genet 2022; 13:831685. [PMID: 35559008 PMCID: PMC9086303 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.831685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral disinhibition is one of the important characteristics of many mental diseases. It has been reported in literature that serious behavioral disinhibition will affect people's health and greatly reduce people's quality of life. Meanwhile, behavioral disinhibition can easily lead to illegal drug abuse and violent crimes, etc., which will bring great harm to the society. At present, large-scale genome-wide association analysis has identified many loci associated with behavioral disinhibition. However, these studies have not incorporated the parent-of-origin effects (POE) into analysis, which may ignore or underestimate the genetic effects of loci on behavioral disinhibition. Therefore, in this article, we analyzed the five phenotypes related to behavioral disinhibition in the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research data (nicotine, alcohol consumption, alcohol dependence, illicit drugs, and non-substance use related behavioral disinhibition), to further explore the POE of variants on behavioral disinhibition. We applied a linear mixed model to test for the POE at a genome-wide scale on five transformed phenotypes, and found nine SNPs with statistically significant POE at the significance level of 5 × 10-8. Among them, SNPs rs4141854, rs9394515, and rs4711553 have been reported to be associated with two neurological disorders (restless legs syndrome and Tourette's syndrome) which are related to behavioral disinhibition; SNPs rs12960235 and rs715351 have been found to be associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, skin cancer and type I diabetes, while both SNPs have not been identified to be related to behavioral disinhibition in literature; SNPs rs704833, rs6837925, rs1863548, and rs11067062 are novel loci identified in this article, and their function annotations have not been reported in literature. Follow-up study in molecular genetics is needed to verify whether they are surely related to behavioral disinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Kong
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Kai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xin Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Ying Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Yi Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Zhen Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Freitas M, Santos AD, Barbosa L, Figueiredo AD, Pellegrini S, Santos N, Paiva I, Rangel-Pozzo A, Sisdelli L, Mai S, Land M, Ribeiro M, Ribeiro M. Cellular consequences of small supernumerary marker chromosome derived from chromosome 12: mosaicism in daughter and father. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e12072. [PMID: 35766708 PMCID: PMC9224815 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutional genomic imbalances are known to cause malformations, disabilities, neurodevelopmental delay, and dysmorphia and can lead to dysfunctions in the cell cycle. In extremely rare genetic conditions such as small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC), it is important to understand the cellular consequences of this extra marker, as well the factors that contribute to their maintenance or elimination through successive cell cycles and phenotypic impact. The study of chromosomal mosaicism provides a natural model to characterize the effect of aneuploidy on genome stability and compare cells with the same genetic background and environment exposure, but differing in the presence of sSMC. Here, we report the functional characterization of different cell lines from two familial patients with mosaic sSMC derived from chromosome 12. We performed studies of proliferation dynamics, stability, and variability of these cells using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), and conventional staining. We also quantified the telomere-related genomic instability of sSMC cells using 3D telomeric profile analysis by quantitative-FISH. sSMC cells exhibited differences in the cell cycle dynamics compared to normal cells. First, the sSMC cells exhibited lower proliferation index and higher frequency of SCE than normal cells, associated with a higher level of chromosomal instability. Second, sSMC cells exhibited more telomeric-related genomic instability. Lastly, the differences of sSMC cells distribution among tissues could explain different phenotypic repercussions observed in patients. These results will help in our understanding of the sSMC stability, maintenance during cell cycle, and the cell cycle variables involved in the different phenotypic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.O. Freitas
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - A.O. dos Santos
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - L.S. Barbosa
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - A.F. de Figueiredo
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - S.P. Pellegrini
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - N.C.K. Santos
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - I.S. Paiva
- Universidade do Grande Rio, Brasil; UNIFESO (Centro Educacional Serra dos Orgãos), Brasil
| | - A. Rangel-Pozzo
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Cancer Care Manitoba, Canada
| | - L. Sisdelli
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Cancer Care Manitoba, Canada; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil
| | - S. Mai
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Cancer Care Manitoba, Canada
| | - M.G.P. Land
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - M.G. Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - M.C.M. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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20
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Skaar DA, Dietze EC, Alva-Ornelas JA, Ann D, Schones DE, Hyslop T, Sistrunk C, Zalles C, Ambrose A, Kennedy K, Idassi O, Miranda Carboni G, Gould MN, Jirtle RL, Seewaldt VL. Epigenetic Dysregulation of KCNK9 Imprinting and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6031. [PMID: 34885139 PMCID: PMC8656495 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an inherited form of parent-of-origin specific epigenetic gene regulation that is dysregulated by poor prenatal nutrition and environmental toxins. KCNK9 encodes for TASK3, a pH-regulated potassium channel membrane protein that is overexpressed in 40% of breast cancer. However, KCNK9 gene amplification accounts for increased expression in <10% of these breast cancers. Here, we showed that KCNK9 is imprinted in breast tissue and identified a differentially methylated region (DMR) controlling its imprint status. Hypomethylation at the DMR, coupled with biallelic expression of KCNK9, occurred in 63% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). The association between hypomethylation and TNBC status was highly significant in African-Americans (p = 0.006), but not in Caucasians (p = 0.70). KCNK9 hypomethylation was also found in non-cancerous tissue from 77% of women at high-risk of developing breast cancer. Functional studies demonstrated that the KCNK9 gene product, TASK3, regulates mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis-sensitivity. In TNBC cells and non-cancerous mammary epithelial cells from high-risk women, hypomethylation of the KCNK9 DMR predicts for increased TASK3 expression and mitochondrial membrane potential (p < 0.001). This is the first identification of the KCNK9 DMR in mammary epithelial cells and demonstration that its hypomethylation in breast cancer is associated with increases in both mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis resistance. The high frequency of hypomethylation of the KCNK9 DMR in TNBC and non-cancerous breast tissue from high-risk women provides evidence that hypomethylation of the KNCK9 DMR/TASK3 overexpression may serve as a marker of risk and a target for prevention of TNBC, particularly in African American women.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Skaar
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Eric C. Dietze
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - Jackelyn A. Alva-Ornelas
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - David Ann
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - Dustin E. Schones
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - Terry Hyslop
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Christopher Sistrunk
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - Carola Zalles
- Department of Pathology, Mercy Hospital, Miami, FL 33133, USA;
| | - Adrian Ambrose
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - Kendall Kennedy
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - Ombeni Idassi
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
| | - Gustavo Miranda Carboni
- Laboratory of Oncology, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Michael N. Gould
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Randy L. Jirtle
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Victoria L. Seewaldt
- Beckman Research Institute, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.C.D.); (J.A.A.-O.); (D.A.); (D.E.S.); (C.S.); (A.A.); (K.K.); (O.I.)
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21
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Li R, Li L, Xu Y, Yang J. Machine learning meets omics: applications and perspectives. Brief Bioinform 2021; 23:6425809. [PMID: 34791021 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The innovation of biotechnologies has allowed the accumulation of omics data at an alarming rate, thus introducing the era of 'big data'. Extracting inherent valuable knowledge from various omics data remains a daunting problem in bioinformatics. Better solutions often need some kind of more innovative methods for efficient handlings and effective results. Recent advancements in integrated analysis and computational modeling of multi-omics data helped address such needs in an increasingly harmonious manner. The development and application of machine learning have largely advanced our insights into biology and biomedicine and greatly promoted the development of therapeutic strategies, especially for precision medicine. Here, we propose a comprehensive survey and discussion on what happened, is happening and will happen when machine learning meets omics. Specifically, we describe how artificial intelligence can be applied to omics studies and review recent advancements at the interface between machine learning and the ever-widest range of omics including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, radiomics, as well as those at the single-cell resolution. We also discuss and provide a synthesis of ideas, new insights, current challenges and perspectives of machine learning in omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufeng Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China
| | - Yungang Xu
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China
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22
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Du Q, Smith GC, Luu PL, Ferguson JM, Armstrong NJ, Caldon CE, Campbell EM, Nair SS, Zotenko E, Gould CM, Buckley M, Chia KM, Portman N, Lim E, Kaczorowski D, Chan CL, Barton K, Deveson IW, Smith MA, Powell JE, Skvortsova K, Stirzaker C, Achinger-Kawecka J, Clark SJ. DNA methylation is required to maintain both DNA replication timing precision and 3D genome organization integrity. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109722. [PMID: 34551299 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA replication timing and three-dimensional (3D) genome organization are associated with distinct epigenome patterns across large domains. However, whether alterations in the epigenome, in particular cancer-related DNA hypomethylation, affects higher-order levels of genome architecture is still unclear. Here, using Repli-Seq, single-cell Repli-Seq, and Hi-C, we show that genome-wide methylation loss is associated with both concordant loss of replication timing precision and deregulation of 3D genome organization. Notably, we find distinct disruption in 3D genome compartmentalization, striking gains in cell-to-cell replication timing heterogeneity and loss of allelic replication timing in cancer hypomethylation models, potentially through the gene deregulation of DNA replication and genome organization pathways. Finally, we identify ectopic H3K4me3-H3K9me3 domains from across large hypomethylated domains, where late replication is maintained, which we purport serves to protect against catastrophic genome reorganization and aberrant gene transcription. Our results highlight a potential role for the methylome in the maintenance of 3D genome regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Du
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Grady C Smith
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Phuc Loi Luu
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - James M Ferguson
- The Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - C Elizabeth Caldon
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | | | - Shalima S Nair
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Elena Zotenko
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Cathryn M Gould
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Buckley
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kee-Ming Chia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Neil Portman
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Elgene Lim
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Dominik Kaczorowski
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Chia-Ling Chan
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kirston Barton
- The Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ira W Deveson
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Martin A Smith
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Joseph E Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ksenia Skvortsova
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Clare Stirzaker
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Joanna Achinger-Kawecka
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Susan J Clark
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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23
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Genotype-dependent epigenetic regulation of DLGAP2 in alcohol use and dependence. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4367-4382. [PMID: 31745236 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse is a major public health problem originating from genetic and environmental risk factors. Alterations in the brain epigenome may orchestrate changes in gene expression that lead to alcohol misuse and dependence. Through epigenome-wide association analysis of DNA methylation from human brain tissues, we identified a differentially methylated region, DMR-DLGAP2, associated with alcohol dependence. Methylation within DMR-DLGAP2 was found to be genotype-dependent, allele-specific and associated with reward processing in brain. Methylation at the DMR-DLGAP2 regulated expression of DLGAP2 in vitro, and Dlgap2-deficient mice showed reduced alcohol consumption compared with wild-type controls. These results suggest that DLGAP2 may be an interface for genetic and epigenetic factors controlling alcohol use and dependence.
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24
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Wu X, Galbraith DA, Chatterjee P, Jeong H, Grozinger CM, Yi SV. Lineage and Parent-of-Origin Effects in DNA Methylation of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Revealed by Reciprocal Crosses and Whole-Genome Bisulfite Sequencing. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 12:1482-1492. [PMID: 32597952 PMCID: PMC7502210 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parent-of-origin methylation arises when the methylation patterns of a particular allele are dependent on the parent it was inherited from. Previous work in honey bees has shown evidence of parent-of-origin-specific expression, yet the mechanisms regulating such pattern remain unknown in honey bees. In mammals and plants, DNA methylation is known to regulate parent-of-origin effects such as genomic imprinting. Here, we utilize genotyping of reciprocal European and Africanized honey bee crosses to study genome-wide allele-specific methylation patterns in sterile and reproductive individuals. Our data confirm the presence of allele-specific methylation in honey bees in lineage-specific contexts but also importantly, though to a lesser degree, parent-of-origin contexts. We show that the majority of allele-specific methylation occurs due to lineage rather than parent-of-origin factors, regardless of the reproductive state. Interestingly, genes affected by allele-specific DNA methylation often exhibit both lineage and parent-of-origin effects, indicating that they are particularly labile in terms of DNA methylation patterns. Additionally, we re-analyzed our previous study on parent-of-origin-specific expression in honey bees and found little association with parent-of-origin-specific methylation. These results indicate strong genetic background effects on allelic DNA methylation and suggest that although parent-of-origin effects are manifested in both DNA methylation and gene expression, they are not directly associated with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David A Galbraith
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Paramita Chatterjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hyeonsoo Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Christina M Grozinger
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Soojin V Yi
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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25
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Catusi I, Garzo M, Capra AP, Briuglia S, Baldo C, Canevini MP, Cantone R, Elia F, Forzano F, Galesi O, Grosso E, Malacarne M, Peron A, Romano C, Saccani M, Larizza L, Recalcati MP. 8p23.2-pter Microdeletions: Seven New Cases Narrowing the Candidate Region and Review of the Literature. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050652. [PMID: 33925474 PMCID: PMC8146486 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date only five patients with 8p23.2-pter microdeletions manifesting a mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment and/or developmental delay, dysmorphisms and neurobehavioral issues were reported. The smallest microdeletion described by Wu in 2010 suggested a critical region (CR) of 2.1 Mb including several genes, out of which FBXO25, DLGAP2, CLN8, ARHGEF10 and MYOM2 are the main candidates. Here we present seven additional patients with 8p23.2-pter microdeletions, ranging from 71.79 kb to 4.55 Mb. The review of five previously reported and nine Decipher patients confirmed the association of the CR with a variable clinical phenotype characterized by intellectual disability/developmental delay, including language and speech delay and/or motor impairment, behavioral anomalies, autism spectrum disorder, dysmorphisms, microcephaly, fingers/toes anomalies and epilepsy. Genotype analysis allowed to narrow down the 8p23.3 candidate region which includes only DLGAP2, CLN8 and ARHGEF10 genes, accounting for the main signs of the broad clinical phenotype associated to 8p23.2-pter microdeletions. This region is more restricted compared to the previously proposed CR. Overall, our data favor the hypothesis that DLGAP2 is the actual strongest candidate for neurodevelopmental/behavioral phenotypes. Additional patients will be necessary to validate the pathogenic role of DLGAP2 and better define how the two contiguous genes, ARHGEF10 and CLN8, might contribute to the clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Catusi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Garzo
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Silvana Briuglia
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Baldo
- UOC Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Canevini
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit-Epilepsy Center, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Rachele Cantone
- Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Flaviana Elia
- Unit of Psychology, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Francesca Forzano
- Clinical Genetics Department, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ornella Galesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Enrico Grosso
- Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Michela Malacarne
- UOC Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Angela Peron
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit-Epilepsy Center, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Human Pathology and Medical Genetics, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, 20142 Milan, Italy
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Corrado Romano
- Unit of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Monica Saccani
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit-Epilepsy Center, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Recalcati
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, 20145 Milan, Italy
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26
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Bacon ER, Brinton RD. Epigenetics of the developing and aging brain: Mechanisms that regulate onset and outcomes of brain reorganization. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:503-516. [PMID: 33657435 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Brain development is a life-long process that encompasses several critical periods of transition, during which significant cognitive changes occur. Embryonic development, puberty, and reproductive senescence are all periods of transition that are hypersensitive to environmental factors. Rather than isolated episodes, each transition builds upon the last and is influenced by consequential changes that occur in the transition before it. Epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, provide mechanisms by which early events can influence development, cognition, and health outcomes. For example, parental environment influences imprinting patterns in gamete cells, which ultimately impacts gene expression in the embryo which may result in hypersensitivity to poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy, raising the risks for cognitive impairment later in life. This review explores how epigenetics induce and regulate critical periods, and also discusses how early environmental interactions prime a system towards a particular health outcome and influence susceptibility to disease or cognitive impairment throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza R Bacon
- Department of Neuroscience, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA; The Center for Precision Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Roberta Diaz Brinton
- Department of Neuroscience, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA; Center for Innovation in Brain Science, School of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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27
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Suchkova IO, Borisova EV, Patkin EL. Length Polymorphism and Methylation Status of UPS29 Minisatellite of the ACAP3 Gene as Molecular Biomarker of Epilepsy. Sex Differences in Seizure Types and Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9206. [PMID: 33276684 PMCID: PMC7730309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disease with different clinical forms and inter-individuals heterogeneity, which may be associated with genetic and/or epigenetic polymorphisms of tandem-repeated noncoding DNA. These polymorphisms may serve as predictive biomarkers of various forms of epilepsy. ACAP3 is the protein regulating morphogenesis of neurons and neuronal migration and is an integral component of important signaling pathways. This study aimed to carry out an association analysis of the length polymorphism and DNA methylation of the UPS29 minisatellite of the ACAP3 gene in patients with epilepsy. We revealed an association of short UPS29 alleles with increased risk of development of symptomatic and cryptogenic epilepsy in women, and also with cerebrovascular pathologies, structural changes in the brain, neurological status, and the clinical pattern of seizures in both women and men. The increase of frequency of hypomethylated UPS29 alleles in men with symptomatic epilepsy, and in women with both symptomatic and cryptogenic epilepsy was observed. For patients with hypomethylated UPS29 alleles, we also observed structural changes in the brain, neurological status, and the clinical pattern of seizures. These associations had sex-specific nature similar to a genetic association. In contrast with length polymorphism epigenetic changes affected predominantly the long UPS29 allele. We suppose that genetic and epigenetic alterations UPS29 can modify ACAP3 expression and thereby affect the development and clinical course of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina O. Suchkova
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Mammalian Development, Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;
| | - Elena V. Borisova
- Department of Neurology, Clinic of Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;
| | - Eugene L. Patkin
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Mammalian Development, Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;
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28
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Moon Y, Kim I, Chang S, Park B, Lee S, Yoo S, Chae S, Hwang D, Park H. Hypoxia regulates allele-specific histone modification of the imprinted H19 gene. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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29
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Heskett MB, Smith LG, Spellman P, Thayer MJ. Reciprocal monoallelic expression of ASAR lncRNA genes controls replication timing of human chromosome 6. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 26:724-738. [PMID: 32144193 PMCID: PMC7266157 DOI: 10.1261/rna.073114.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
DNA replication occurs on mammalian chromosomes in a cell-type distinctive temporal order known as the replication timing program. We previously found that disruption of the noncanonical lncRNA genes ASAR6 and ASAR15 results in delayed replication timing and delayed mitotic chromosome condensation of human chromosomes 6 and 15, respectively. ASAR6 and ASAR15 display random monoallelic expression and display asynchronous replication between alleles that is coordinated with other random monoallelic genes on their respective chromosomes. Disruption of the expressed allele, but not the silent allele, of ASAR6 leads to delayed replication, activation of the previously silent alleles of linked monoallelic genes, and structural instability of human chromosome 6. In this report, we describe a second lncRNA gene (ASAR6-141) on human chromosome 6 that when disrupted results in delayed replication timing in cisASAR6-141 is subject to random monoallelic expression and asynchronous replication and is expressed from the opposite chromosome 6 homolog as ASAR6 ASAR6-141 RNA, like ASAR6 and ASAR15 RNAs, contains a high L1 content and remains associated with the chromosome territory where it is transcribed. Three classes of cis-acting elements control proper chromosome function in mammals: origins of replication, centromeres, and telomeres, which are responsible for replication, segregation, and stability of all chromosomes. Our work supports a fourth type of essential chromosomal element, the "Inactivation/Stability Center," which expresses ASAR lncRNAs responsible for proper replication timing, monoallelic expression, and structural stability of each chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Heskett
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Leslie G Smith
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Paul Spellman
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Mathew J Thayer
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
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30
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Hilbers FS, van 't Hof PJ, Meijers CM, Mei H, Michailidou K, Dennis J, Hogervorst FBL, Nederlof PM, van Asperen CJ, Devilee P. Clustering of known low and moderate risk alleles rather than a novel recessive high-risk gene in non-BRCA1/2 sib trios affected with breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2708-2716. [PMID: 32383162 PMCID: PMC7540545 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer risk is approximately twice as high in first‐degree relatives of female breast cancer cases than in women in the general population. Less than half of this risk can be attributed to the currently known genetic risk factors. Recessive risk alleles represent a relatively underexplored explanation for the remainder of familial risk. To address this, we selected 19 non‐BRCA1/2 breast cancer families in which at least three siblings were affected, while no first‐degree relatives of the previous or following generation had breast cancer. Germline DNA from one of the siblings was subjected to exome sequencing, while all affected siblings were genotyped using SNP arrays to assess haplotype sharing and to calculate a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 160 low‐risk variants. We found no convincing candidate recessive alleles among exome sequencing variants in genomic regions for which all three siblings shared two haplotypes. However, we found two families in which all affected siblings carried the CHEK2*1100delC. In addition, the average normalized PRS of the “recessive” family probands (0.81) was significantly higher than that in both general population cases (0.35, P = .026) and controls (P = .0004). These findings suggest that the familial aggregation is, at least in part, explained by a polygenic effect of common low‐risk variants and rarer intermediate‐risk variants, while we did not find evidence of a role for novel recessive risk alleles. What's new? To find new breast cancer susceptibility alleles, these authors tested families in which at least three affected siblings had non‐BRCA1/2 breast cancer. No new susceptibility alleles emerged, but the analysis did reveal that on average, women from these families who had cancer had significantly higher polygenic risk scores than either sporadic cases or controls. This result highlights the importance of moderate risk alleles acting together in familial breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentine S Hilbers
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J van 't Hof
- Sequence Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caro M Meijers
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequence Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Frans B L Hogervorst
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra M Nederlof
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christi J van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Mouse models of neutropenia reveal progenitor-stage-specific defects. Nature 2020; 582:109-114. [PMID: 32494068 PMCID: PMC8041154 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advances in genetics and sequencing reveal a plethora of disease-associated and disease-causing genetic alterations. Resolving causality between genetics and disease requires generating accurate models for molecular dissection; however, the rapid expansion of single-cell landscapes presents a major challenge to accurate comparisons between mutants and their wild-type equivalents. Here, we generated mouse models of human severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) using patient-derived mutations in the Growth factor independent-1 (GFI1) transcription factor. To delineate the impact of SCN mutations, we generated single-cell references for granulopoietic genomic states with linked epitopes1, aligned mutant cells to their wild-type equivalent and identified differentially expressed genes and epigenetic loci. We find that Gfi1-target genes are altered sequentially, as cells traverse successive states during differentiation. These cell-state-specific insights facilitated genetic rescue of granulocytic specification but not post-commitment defects in innate-immune effector function; underscoring the importance of evaluating the impact of mutations and therapy within each relevant cell state.
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Imprinted genes in clinical exome sequencing: Review of 538 cases and exploration of mouse-human conservation in the identification of novel human disease loci. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103903. [PMID: 32169557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human imprinting disorders cause a range of dysmorphic and neurocognitive phenotypes, and they may elude traditional molecular diagnosis such exome sequencing. The discovery of novel disorders related to imprinted genes has lagged behind traditional Mendelian disorders because current diagnostic technology, especially unbiased testing, has limited utility in their discovery. To identify novel imprinting disorders, we reviewed data for every human gene hypothesized to be imprinted, identified each mouse ortholog, determined its imprinting status in the mouse, and analyzed its function in humans and mice. We identified 17 human genes that are imprinted in both humans and mice, and have functional data in mice or humans to suggest that dysregulated expression would lead to an abnormal phenotype in humans. These 17 genes, along with known imprinted genes, were preferentially flagged 538 clinical exome sequencing tests. The identified genes were: DIRAS3 [1p31.3], TP73 [1p36.32], SLC22A3 [6q25.3], GRB10 [7p12.1], DDC [7p12.2], MAGI2 [7q21.11], PEG10 [7q21.3], PPP1R9A [7q21.3], CALCR [7q21.3], DLGAP2 [8p23.3], GLIS3 [9p24.2], INPP5F [10q26.11], ANO1 [11q13.3], SLC38A4 [12q13.11], GATM [15q21.1], PEG3 [19q13.43], and NLRP2 [19q13.42]. In the 538 clinical cases, eight cases (1.7%) reported variants in a causative known imprinted gene. There were 367/758 variants (48.4%) in imprinted genes that were not known to cause disease, but none of those variants met the criteria for clinical reporting. Imprinted disorders play a significant role in human disease, and additional human imprinted disorders remain to be discovered. Therefore, evolutionary conservation is a potential tool to identify novel genes involved in human imprinting disorders and to identify them in clinical testing.
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Schrott R, Murphy SK. Cannabis use and the sperm epigenome: a budding concern? ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2020; 6:dvaa002. [PMID: 32211199 PMCID: PMC7081939 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The United States is swiftly moving toward increased legalization of medical and recreational cannabis. Currently considered the most commonly used illicit psychoactive drug, recreational cannabis is legal in 11 states and Washington, DC, and male use is an important and understudied concern. Questions remain, however, about the potential long-term consequences of this exposure and how cannabis might impact the epigenetic integrity of sperm in such a way that could influence the health and development of offspring. This review summarizes cannabis use and potency in the USA, provides a brief overview of DNA methylation as an epigenetic mechanism that is vulnerable in sperm to environmental exposures including cannabis, and summarizes studies that have examined the effects of parental exposure to cannabis or delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the main psychoactive component of cannabis) on the epigenetic profile of the gametes and behavior of offspring. These studies have demonstrated significant changes to the sperm DNA methylome following cannabis use in humans, and THC exposure in rats. Furthermore, the use of rodent models has shown methylation and behavioral changes in rats born to fathers exposed to THC or synthetic cannabinoids, or to parents who were both exposed to THC. These data substantiate an urgent need for additional studies assessing the effects of cannabis exposure on childhood health and development. This is especially true given the current growing state of cannabis use in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Schrott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, The Chesterfield, 701 W. Main Street, Suite 510, Durham, NC 27701 USA
- Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Circuit Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, The Chesterfield, 701 W. Main Street, Suite 510, Durham, NC 27701 USA
- Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Circuit Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Correspondence address: Duke University Medical Center, The Chesterfield, 701 W. Main Street, Suite 510, Durham, NC 27701, USA. Tel: 919-681-3423; Fax: 919-385-9358; E-mail:
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Gross N, Strillacci MG, Peñagaricano F, Khatib H. Characterization and functional roles of paternal RNAs in 2-4 cell bovine embryos. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20347. [PMID: 31889064 PMCID: PMC6937301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryos utilize oocyte-donated RNAs until they become capable of producing RNAs through embryonic genome activation (EGA). The sperm's influence over pre-EGA RNA content of embryos remains unknown. Recent studies have revealed that sperm donate non-genomic components upon fertilization. Thus, sperm may also contribute to RNA presence in pre-EGA embryos. The first objective of this study was to investigate whether male fertility status is associated with the RNAs present in the bovine embryo prior to EGA. A total of 65 RNAs were found to be differentially expressed between 2-4 cell bovine embryos derived from high and low fertility sires. Expression patterns were confirmed for protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 36 (PPP1R36) and ataxin 2 like (ATXN2L) in three new biological replicates. The knockdown of ATXN2L led to a 22.9% increase in blastocyst development. The second objective of this study was to characterize the parental origin of RNAs present in pre-EGA embryos. Results revealed 472 sperm-derived RNAs, 2575 oocyte-derived RNAs, 2675 RNAs derived from both sperm and oocytes, and 663 embryo-exclusive RNAs. This study uncovers an association of male fertility with developmentally impactful RNAs in 2-4 cell embryos. This study also provides an initial characterization of paternally-contributed RNAs to pre-EGA embryos. Furthermore, a subset of 2-4 cell embryo-specific RNAs was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gross
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Animal Sciences, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | | | | | - Hasan Khatib
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Animal Sciences, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Wang M, Wei D, Cao G, Zhu G, Jiang Y. Analysis of porcine OSBPL5 gene allelic expression in skeletal muscle and association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the coding region with production traits. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Genes that exhibit allelic expression imbalance and imprinted genes play important roles in the survival of the embryo and postnatal growth regulation. In this study, the porcine oxysterol-binding protein-related 5 (OSBPL5) gene was examined, and the 2140G>A mutation (rs318687202) was found in its coding region by a comparison of Laiwu and Landrace pigs. By allele-specific expression analysis based on a specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), the imprinting status of OSBPL5 gene in skeletal muscle from both neonate and adult pigs was determined. The results showed that the OSBPL5 was paternally imprinted in skeletal muscle from adults but biallelically expressed with predominantly maternal imprinting in neonates. The distribution of the 2140G>A SNP in four pig populations was analyzed, which showed that GG genotype was dominant in Duroc and Dapulian populations, whereas the AG genotype was dominant in Junmu-1 and Laiwu populations. Pigs with the GG genotype had significantly larger litters and greater cannon bone circumferences but a lower average daily gain than pigs with the AA genotype. In conclusion, we determined the difference in the allelic expression of OSBPL5 between adult and neonate pigs and identified an SNP in its coding region that is associated with production traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deli Wei
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiling Cao
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiyu Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, People’s Republic of China
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36
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Zhu J, Su M, Gu Y, Zhang X, Lv W, Zhang S, Sun Z, Lu H, Zhang Y. Development of a method for identifying and functionally analyzing allele-specific DNA methylation based on BS-seq data. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1679-1692. [PMID: 31701777 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To comprehensively identify allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) at the genome-wide level. Methods: Here, we propose a new method, called GeneASM, to identify ASM using high-throughput bisulfite sequencing data in the absence of haplotype information. Results: A total of 2194 allele-specific DNA methylated genes were identified in the GM12878 lymphocyte lineage using GeneASM. These genes are mainly enriched in cell cytoplasm function, subcellular component movement or cellular linkages. GM12878 methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, and methylation sensitive restriction enzyme sequencing data were used to evaluate ASM. The relationship between ASM and disease was further analyzed using the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and whole genome bisulfite sequencing data. Conclusion: GeneASM, which recognizes ASM by high-throughput bisulfite sequencing and heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms, provides new perspective for studying genomic imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhu
- School of Life Science & Technology, Computational Biology Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Mu Su
- Medical Laboratory Technology College, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, PR China
| | - Yue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 51000, PR China
| | - Xingda Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science & Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, PR China
| | - Wenhua Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 51000, PR China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 51000, PR China
| | - Zhongyi Sun
- Medical Laboratory Technology College, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, PR China
| | - Haibo Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Medical Laboratory Technology College, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, PR China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
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37
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Lim KS, Chang SS, Choi BH, Lee SH, Lee KT, Chai HH, Park JE, Park W, Lim D. Genome-Wide Analysis of Allele-Specific Expression Patterns in Seventeen Tissues of Korean Cattle (Hanwoo). Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100727. [PMID: 31561539 PMCID: PMC6826869 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional hemizygosity could be caused by the MAE of a given gene and it can be one of the sources to affect the phenotypic variation in cattle. We aimed to identify MAE genes across the transcriptome in Korean cattle (Hanwoo). For three Hanwoo family trios, the transcriptome data of 17 tissues were generated in three offspring. Sixty-two MAE genes had a monoallelic expression in at least one tissue. Comparing genotypes among each family trio, the preferred alleles of 18 genes were identified (maternal expression, n = 9; paternal expression, n = 9). The MAE genes are involved in gene regulation, metabolic processes, and immune responses, and in particular, six genes encode transcription factors (FOXD2, FOXM1, HTATSF1, SCRT1, NKX6-2, and UBN1) with tissue-specific expression. In this study, we report genome-wide MAE genes in seventeen tissues of adult cattle. These results could help to elucidate epigenetic effects on phenotypic variation in Hanwoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Sang Lim
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Sun-Sik Chang
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25340, Korea.
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea.
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Tai Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea.
| | - Han-Ha Chai
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea.
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea.
| | - Woncheoul Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea.
| | - Dajeong Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea.
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38
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Schrott R, Acharya K, Itchon-Ramos N, Hawkey AB, Pippen E, Mitchell JT, Kollins SH, Levin ED, Murphy SK. Cannabis use is associated with potentially heritable widespread changes in autism candidate gene DLGAP2 DNA methylation in sperm. Epigenetics 2019; 15:161-173. [PMID: 31451081 PMCID: PMC6961656 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1656158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental cannabis use has been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring, but how such phenotypes are transmitted is largely unknown. Using reduced representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS), we recently demonstrated that cannabis use is associated with widespread DNA methylation changes in human and rat sperm. Discs-Large Associated Protein 2 (DLGAP2), involved in synapse organization, neuronal signaling, and strongly implicated in autism, exhibited significant hypomethylation (p < 0.05) at 17 CpG sites in human sperm. We successfully validated the differential methylation present in DLGAP2 for nine CpG sites located in intron seven (p < 0.05) using quantitative bisulphite pyrosequencing. Intron 7 DNA methylation and DLGAP2 expression in human conceptal brain tissue were inversely correlated (p < 0.01). Adult male rats exposed to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) showed differential DNA methylation at Dlgap2 in sperm (p < 0.03), as did the nucleus accumbens of rats whose fathers were exposed to THC prior to conception (p < 0.05). Altogether, these results warrant further investigation into the effects of preconception cannabis use in males and the potential effects on subsequent generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Schrott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kelly Acharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nilda Itchon-Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrew B Hawkey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Erica Pippen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John T Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Scott H Kollins
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Edward D Levin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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39
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Spinelli P, Latchney SE, Reed JM, Fields A, Baier BS, Lu X, McCall MN, Murphy SP, Mak W, Susiarjo M. Identification of the novel Ido1 imprinted locus and its potential epigenetic role in pregnancy loss. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:662-674. [PMID: 30403776 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies show that aberrant tryptophan catabolism reduces maternal immune tolerance and adversely impacts pregnancy outcomes. Tryptophan depletion in pregnancy is facilitated by increased activity of tryptophan-depleting enzymes [i.e. the indolamine-2,3 dioxygenase (IDO)1 and IDO2) in the placenta. In mice, inhibition of IDO1 activity during pregnancy results in fetal loss; however, despite its important role, regulation of Ido1 gene transcription is unknown. The current study shows that the Ido1 and Ido2 genes are imprinted and maternally expressed in mouse placentas. DNA methylation analysis demonstrates that nine CpG sites at the Ido1 promoter constitute a differentially methylated region that is highly methylated in sperm but unmethylated in oocytes. Bisulfite cloning sequencing analysis shows that the paternal allele is hypermethylated while the maternal allele shows low levels of methylation in E9.5 placenta. Further study in E9.5 placentas from the CBA/J X DBA/2 spontaneous abortion mouse model reveals that aberrant methylation of Ido1 is linked to pregnancy loss. DNA methylation analysis in humans shows that IDO1 is hypermethylated in human sperm but partially methylated in placentas, suggesting similar methylation patterns to mouse. Importantly, analysis in euploid placentas from first trimester pregnancy loss reveals that IDO1 methylation significantly differs between the two placenta cohorts, with most CpG sites showing increased percent of methylation in miscarriage placentas. Our study suggests that DNA methylation is linked to regulation of Ido1/IDO1 expression and altered Ido1/IDO1 DNA methylation can adversely influence pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Spinelli
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sarah E Latchney
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jasmine M Reed
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ashley Fields
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Brian S Baier
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Matthew N McCall
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shawn P Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Winifred Mak
- Department of Obstetric Gynecology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Martha Susiarjo
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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40
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Karami K, Zerehdaran S, Javadmanesh A, Shariati MM, Fallahi H. Characterization of bovine (Bos taurus) imprinted genes from genomic to amino acid attributes by data mining approaches. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217813. [PMID: 31170205 PMCID: PMC6553745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting results in monoallelic expression of genes in mammals and flowering plants. Understanding the function of imprinted genes improves our knowledge of the regulatory processes in the genome. In this study, we have employed classification and clustering algorithms with attribute weighting to specify the unique attributes of both imprinted (monoallelic) and biallelic expressed genes. We have obtained characteristics of 22 known monoallelically expressed (imprinted) and 8 biallelic expressed genes that have been experimentally validated alongside 208 randomly selected genes in bovine (Bos taurus). Attribute weighting methods and various supervised and unsupervised algorithms in machine learning were applied. Unique characteristics were discovered and used to distinguish mono and biallelic expressed genes from each other in bovine. To obtain the accuracy of classification, 10-fold cross-validation with concerning each combination of attribute weighting (feature selection) and machine learning algorithms, was used. Our approach was able to accurately predict mono and biallelic genes using the genomics and proteomics attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Karami
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Zerehdaran
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Javadmanesh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Shariati
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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41
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Abstract
Genomic imprinting in mammals was discovered over 30 years ago through elegant embryological and genetic experiments in mice. Imprinted genes show a monoallelic and parent of origin-specific expression pattern; the development of techniques that can distinguish between expression from maternal and paternal chromosomes in mice, combined with high-throughput strategies, has allowed for identification of many more imprinted genes, most of which are conserved in humans. Undoubtedly, technical progress has greatly promoted progress in the field of genomic imprinting. Here, we summarize the techniques used to discover imprinted genes, identify new imprinted genes, define imprinting regulation mechanisms, and study imprinting functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Tissue-Specific Monoallelic Expression of Bovine AXL is Associated with DNA Methylation of Promoter DMR. Biochem Genet 2019; 57:801-812. [PMID: 31073794 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-019-09925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The AXL protein is a receptor tyrosine kinase and is often implicated in proliferation, migration and therapy resistance in various cancers. The AXL gene in humans is maternally expressed and paternally imprinted with differentially methylated regions (DMR) surrounding the promoter region. However, the imprinting status and epigenetic regulation of AXL gene in cattle remain unclear. Therefore, we explored the molecular structure along with the patterns of allelic expression and DNA methylation of the bovine AXL gene. First, the complete cDNA sequence of bovine AXL was gathered by Sanger method, from transcripts obtained from RT-PCR, 5' and 3' -RACE. In silico BLAST alignments showed that the longest mRNA sequence of bovine AXL consists of 19 exons and encodes a protein of 887 amino acids. We further analyzed the allelic expression of bovine AXL by employing single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based sequencing method. A SNP site (GenBank Accession no: rs210020651) found in exon 7 allowed us to distinguish the two parental alleles. Monoallelic expression of AXL was observed in four adult bovine tissues (heart, liver, spleen and fat), while biallelic expression was found in the other adult tissues such as the lung, kidney, muscle, brain and placenta. To determine whether the DNA methylation played a role in the tissue-specific imprinting of bovine AXL, we performed bisulfite sequencing of two regions: region 1 was a CpG island (CGI) in AXL promoter, mapping to 643 bp upstream of the transcription start site of AXL 5'-v1 transcripts, while region two was homologous to the region of human AXL DMR, with 10 CpG sites overlapping the first translation start site (TSS1) of bovine AXL. In region 2, DNA from both monoallelic and biallelic expressed tissues were mostly found to be completely unmethylated. However, tissue-specific differential methylation patterns were found in monoallelic expressed tissues such as the heart and liver while hypomethylation was noted in the promoter CpG island in biallelic expressed tissues such as the lung. These observations demonstrated that the tissue-specific monoallelic expression of bovine AXL is dependent on the DNA methylation of its promoter region.
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Miranda-Lora AL, Molina-Díaz M, Cruz M, Sánchez-Urbina R, Martínez-Rodríguez NL, López-Martínez B, Klünder-Klünder M. Genetic polymorphisms associated with pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes: A family-based transmission disequilibrium test and case-control study. Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:239-245. [PMID: 30652413 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Genetics play a very strong role in the development of pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, little information exists about specific common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with T2D in this age group. The aim of the study was to analyze the association and parental transmission of 64 obesity-related SNPs with pediatric-onset T2D in Mexican families. METHODS A total of 57 pedigrees containing 171 probands with pediatric-onset T2D and 119 unrelated controls older than 18 years were included. The participants were genotyped for 64 polymorphisms. Association of each variant with pediatric-onset T2D was analyzed through a parent-offspring transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and in a case-control comparison by χ2 analysis. RESULTS Five SNPs exhibited associations with pediatric-onset T2D in the combined case-parent trio and case-control analysis: LINGO/rs10968576 (odds ratio [OR] 1.82, P = 0.003), POC5/rs2112347 (OR 1.96, P = 2.4E-5), RPS10-NUDT3/rs206936 (OR 1.40, P = 0.023), GLIS3/rs7034200 (OR 2.34, P = 1.2E-6), and VEGFA/rs6905288 (OR 1.58, P = 0.015). The first three were also associated with obesity status. The SNPs POC5/rs2112347 and RPS10-NUDT3/rs206936 were significantly associated through the maternal allele and GLIS3/rs7034200 through the paternal allele (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that certain SNPs associated with obesity and other metabolic traits may also be involved in risk of pediatric-onset T2D in Mexican families. We also identified preferential transmission of parental alleles in some variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- América L Miranda-Lora
- Research Unit of Medicine Based on Evidence, Mexico Children's Hospital Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Molina-Díaz
- Department of Endocrinology, Mexico Children's Hospital Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rocío Sánchez-Urbina
- Research Laboratory in Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Mexico Children's Hospital Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy L Martínez-Rodríguez
- Departament of Community Health Research, Mexico Children's Hospital Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Briceida López-Martínez
- Deputy Director of Auxiliary Diagnostic Services, Mexico Children's Hospital Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Klünder-Klünder
- Deputy Director of Research, Mexico Children's Hospital Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.,Research Committee, Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Lim WJ, Kim KH, Kim JY, Jeong S, Kim N. Identification of DNA-Methylated CpG Islands Associated With Gene Silencing in the Adult Body Tissues of the Ogye Chicken Using RNA-Seq and Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing. Front Genet 2019; 10:346. [PMID: 31040866 PMCID: PMC6476954 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that plays an essential role in regulating gene expression. CpG islands are DNA methylations regions in promoters known to regulate gene expression through transcriptional silencing of the corresponding gene. DNA methylation at CpG islands is crucial for gene expression and tissue-specific processes. At the current time, a limited number of studies have reported on gene expression associated with DNA methylation in diverse adult tissues at the genome-wide level. Expression levels are rarely affected by DNA methylation in normal adult tissues; however, statistical differences in gene expression level correlated with DNA methylation have recently been revealed. In this study, we examined 20 pairs of DNA methylomes and transcriptomes from RNA-seq and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) data using adult Ogye chicken tissues. A total of 3,133 CpG islands were identified from 20 tissue data in a single chicken sample which could affect downstream genes. Analyzing these CpG island and gene pairs, 121 significant units were statistically correlated. Among them, six genes (CLDN3, DECR2, EVA1B, NME4, NTSR1, and XPNPEP2) were highly significantly changed by altered DNA methylation. Finally, our data demonstrated how DNA methylation correlated to gene expression in normal adult tissues. Our source codes can be found at https://github.com/wjlim/correlation-between-rna-seq-and-RRBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Jun Lim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Hyoun Kim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yoon Kim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seongmun Jeong
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Namshin Kim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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Schulze KV, Szafranski P, Lesmana H, Hopkin RJ, Hamvas A, Wambach JA, Shinawi M, Zapata G, Carvalho CMB, Liu Q, Karolak JA, Lupski JR, Hanchard NA, Stankiewicz P. Novel parent-of-origin-specific differentially methylated loci on chromosome 16. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:60. [PMID: 30961659 PMCID: PMC6454695 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital malformations associated with maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 16, upd(16)mat, resemble those observed in newborns with the lethal developmental lung disease, alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV). Interestingly, ACDMPV-causative deletions, involving FOXF1 or its lung-specific upstream enhancer at 16q24.1, arise almost exclusively on the maternally inherited chromosome 16. Given the phenotypic similarities between upd(16)mat and ACDMPV, together with parental allelic bias in ACDMPV, we hypothesized that there may be unknown imprinted loci mapping to chromosome 16 that become functionally unmasked by chromosomal structural variants. RESULTS To identify parent-of-origin biased DNA methylation, we performed high-resolution bisulfite sequencing of chromosome 16 on peripheral blood and cultured skin fibroblasts from individuals with maternal or paternal upd(16) as well as lung tissue from patients with ACDMPV-causative 16q24.1 deletions and a normal control. We identified 22 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) with ≥ 5 consecutive CpG methylation sites and varying tissue-specificity, including the known DMRs associated with the established imprinted gene ZNF597 and DMRs supporting maternal methylation of PRR25, thought to be paternally expressed in lymphoblastoid cells. Lastly, we found evidence of paternal methylation on 16q24.1 near LINC01082 mapping to the FOXF1 enhancer. CONCLUSIONS Using high-resolution bisulfite sequencing to evaluate DNA methylation across chromosome 16, we found evidence for novel candidate imprinted loci on chromosome 16 that would not be evident in array-based assays and could contribute to the birth defects observed in patients with upd(16)mat or in ACDMPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina V Schulze
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Przemyslaw Szafranski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harry Lesmana
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Robert J Hopkin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Aaron Hamvas
- Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wambach
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gladys Zapata
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia M B Carvalho
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justyna A Karolak
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neil A Hanchard
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- USDA/ARS/Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Paweł Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Moore AM, Xu Z, Kolli RT, White AJ, Sandler DP, Taylor JA. Persistent epigenetic changes in adult daughters of older mothers. Epigenetics 2019; 14:467-476. [PMID: 30879397 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1595299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Women of advanced maternal age account for an increasing proportion of live births in many developed countries across the globe. Offspring of older mothers are at an increased risk for a variety of subsequent health outcomes, including outcomes that do not manifest until childhood or adulthood. The molecular underpinnings of the association between maternal aging and offspring morbidity remain elusive. However, one possible mechanism is that maternal aging produces specific alterations in the offspring's epigenome in utero, and these epigenetic alterations persist into adulthood. We conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of the effect of a mother's age on blood DNA methylation in 2,740 adult daughters using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 array. A false discovery rate (FDR) q-value threshold of 0.05 was used to identify differentially methylated CpG sites (dmCpGs). We identified 87 dmCpGs associated with increased maternal age. The majority (84%) of the dmCpGs had lower methylation in daughters of older mothers, with an average methylation difference of 0.6% per 5-year increase in mother's age. Thirteen genomic regions contained multiple dmCpGs. Most notably, nine dmCpGs were found in the promoter region of the gene LIM homeobox 8 (LHX8), which plays a pivotal role in female fertility. Other dmCpGs were found in genes associated with metabolically active brown fat, carcinogenesis, and neurodevelopmental disorders. We conclude that maternal age is associated with persistent epigenetic changes in daughters at genes that have intriguing links to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Moore
- a Epidemiology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Zongli Xu
- a Epidemiology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Ramya T Kolli
- b Epigenetics & Stem Cell Biology Laboratory , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- a Epidemiology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- a Epidemiology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Jack A Taylor
- a Epidemiology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA.,b Epigenetics & Stem Cell Biology Laboratory , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
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Zhabotynsky V, Inoue K, Magnuson T, Mauro Calabrese J, Sun W. A statistical method for joint estimation of cis-eQTLs and parent-of-origin effects under family trio design. Biometrics 2019; 75:864-874. [PMID: 30666629 DOI: 10.1111/biom.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RNA sequencing allows one to study allelic imbalance of gene expression, which may be due to genetic factors or genomic imprinting (i.e., higher expression of maternal or paternal allele). It is desirable to model both genetic and parent-of-origin effects simultaneously to avoid confounding and to improve the power to detect either effect. In studies of genetically tractable model organisms, separation of genetic and parent-of-origin effects can be achieved by studying reciprocal cross of two inbred strains. In contrast, this task is much more challenging in outbred populations such as humans. To address this challenge, we propose a new framework to combine experimental strategies and novel statistical methods. Specifically, we propose to study genetic and imprinting effects in family trios with RNA-seq data from the children and genotype data from both parents and children, and quantify genetic effects by cis-eQTLs. Towards this end, we have extended our method that studies the eQTLs of RNA-seq data (Sun, Biometrics 2012, 68(1): 1-11) to model both cis-eQTL and parent-of-origin effects, and evaluated its performance using extensive simulations. Since sample size may be limited in family trios, we have developed a data analysis pipeline that borrows information from external data of unrelated individuals for cis-eQTL mapping. We have also collected RNA-seq data from the children of 30 family trios, applied our method to analyze this dataset, and identified some previously reported imprinted genes as well as some new candidates of imprinted genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl Zhabotynsky
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kaoru Inoue
- National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Terry Magnuson
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - J Mauro Calabrese
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Wei Sun
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
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Duan J(E, Zhang M, Flock K, Seesi SA, Mandoiu I, Jones A, Johnson E, Pillai S, Hoffman M, McFadden K, Jiang H, Reed S, Govoni K, Zinn S, Jiang Z, Tian X(C. Effects of maternal nutrition on the expression of genomic imprinted genes in ovine fetuses. Epigenetics 2018; 13:793-807. [PMID: 30051747 PMCID: PMC6224220 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1503489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon of differential allelic expression based on parental origin. To date, 263 imprinted genes have been identified among all investigated mammalian species. However, only 21 have been described in sheep, of which 11 are annotated in the current ovine genome. Here, we aim to i) use DNA/RNA high throughput sequencing to identify new monoallelically expressed and imprinted genes in day 135 ovine fetuses and ii) determine whether maternal diet (100%, 60%, or 140% of National Research Council Total Digestible Nutrients) influences expression of imprinted genes. We also reported strategies to solve technical challenges in the data analysis pipeline. We identified 80 monoallelically expressed, 13 new putative imprinted genes, and five known imprinted genes in sheep using the 263 genes stated above as a guide. Sanger sequencing confirmed allelic expression of seven genes, CASD1, COPG2, DIRAS3, INPP5F, PLAGL1, PPP1R9A, and SLC22A18. Among the 13 putative imprinted genes, five were localized in the known sheep imprinting domains of MEST on chromosome 4, DLK1/GTL2 on chromosome 18 and KCNQ1 on chromosome 21, and three were in a novel sheep imprinted cluster on chromosome 4, known in other species as PEG10/SGCE. The expression of DIRAS3, IGF2, PHLDA2, and SLC22A18 was altered by maternal diet, albeit without allelic expression reversal. Together, our results expanded the list of sheep imprinted genes to 34 and demonstrated that while the expression levels of four imprinted genes were changed by maternal diet, the allelic expression patterns were un-changed for all imprinted genes studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kaleigh Flock
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sahar Al Seesi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Ion Mandoiu
- Department of Computer Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Amanda Jones
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Elizabeth Johnson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sambhu Pillai
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Maria Hoffman
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Katelyn McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Hesheng Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Sarah Reed
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Kristen Govoni
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Steve Zinn
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Zongliang Jiang
- School of Animal Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Mozaffari SV, Stein MM, Magnaye KM, Nicolae DL, Ober C. Parent of origin gene expression in a founder population identifies two new candidate imprinted genes at known imprinted regions. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203906. [PMID: 30204804 PMCID: PMC6133383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is the phenomena that leads to silencing of one copy of a gene inherited from a specific parent. Mutations in imprinted regions have been involved in diseases showing parent of origin effects. Identifying genes with evidence of parent of origin expression patterns in family studies allows the detection of more subtle imprinting. Here, we use allele specific expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines from 306 Hutterites related in a single pedigree to provide formal evidence for parent of origin effects. We take advantage of phased genotype data to assign parent of origin to RNA-seq reads in individuals with gene expression data. Our approach identified known imprinted genes, two putative novel imprinted genes, PXDC1 and PWAR6, and 14 genes with asymmetrical parent of origin gene expression. We used gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) to validate our findings, and then confirmed imprinting control regions (ICRs) using DNA methylation levels in the PBLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar V. Mozaffari
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics & Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michelle M. Stein
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kevin M. Magnaye
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Dan L. Nicolae
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics & Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Carole Ober
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics & Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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50
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A genome-wide search for new imprinted genes in the human placenta identifies DSCAM as the first imprinted gene on chromosome 21. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 27:49-60. [PMID: 30206355 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified, through a genome-wide search for new imprinted genes in the human placenta, DSCAM (Down Syndrome Cellular Adhesion Molecule) as a paternally expressed imprinted gene. Our work revealed the presence of a Differentially Methylated Region (DMR), located within intron 1 that might regulate the imprinting in the region. This DMR showed a maternal allele methylation, compatible with its paternal expression. We showed that DSCAM is present in endothelial cells and the syncytiotrophoblast layer of the human placenta. In mouse, Dscam expression is biallelic in foetal brain and placenta excluding any possible imprinting in these tissues. This gene encodes a cellular adhesion molecule mainly known for its role in neurone development but its function in the placenta remains unclear. We report here the first imprinted gene located on human chromosome 21 with potential clinical implications.
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