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Liu C, Mao B, Zhang Y, Tian L, Ma B, Chen Z, Wei Z, Li A, Shao Y, Cheng G, Li L, Li W, Zhang D, Ding X, Peng J, Peng Y, He J, Ye N, Yuan D, Chu C, Duan M. The OsWRKY72-OsAAT30/OsGSTU26 module mediates reactive oxygen species scavenging to drive heterosis for salt tolerance in hybrid rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:709-730. [PMID: 38483018 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) generally outperforms its inbred parents in yield and stress tolerance, a phenomenon termed heterosis, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. Here, we combined transcriptome, proteome, physiological, and heterosis analyses to examine the salt response of super hybrid rice Chaoyou1000 (CY1000). In addition to surpassing the mean values for its two parents (mid-parent heterosis), CY1000 exhibited a higher reactive oxygen species scavenging ability than both its parents (over-parent heterosis or heterobeltiosis). Nonadditive expression and allele-specific gene expression assays showed that the glutathione S-transferase gene OsGSTU26 and the amino acid transporter gene OsAAT30 may have major roles in heterosis for salt tolerance, acting in an overdominant fashion in CY1000. Furthermore, we identified OsWRKY72 as a common transcription factor that binds and regulates OsGSTU26 and OsAAT30. The salt-sensitive phenotypes were associated with the OsWRKY72paternal genotype or the OsAAT30maternal genotype in core rice germplasm varieties. OsWRKY72paternal specifically repressed the expression of OsGSTU26 under salt stress, leading to salinity sensitivity, while OsWRKY72maternal specifically repressed OsAAT30, resulting in salinity tolerance. These results suggest that the OsWRKY72-OsAAT30/OsGSTU26 module may play an important role in heterosis for salt tolerance in an overdominant fashion in CY1000 hybrid rice, providing valuable clues to elucidate the mechanism of heterosis for salinity tolerance in hybrid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citao Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bigang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Biao Ma
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhongwei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Aifu Li
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ye Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Gongye Cheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiaoping Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | | | - Yulin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Jiwai He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Nenghui Ye
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Dingyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Meijuan Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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Chustecki JM, Johnston IG. Collective mitochondrial dynamics resolve conflicting cellular tensions: From plants to general principles. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:253-265. [PMID: 38043948 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play diverse and essential roles in eukaryotic cells, and plants are no exception. Plant mitochondria have several differences from their metazoan and fungal cousins: they often exist in a fragmented state, move rapidly on actin rather than microtubules, have many plant-specific metabolic features and roles, and usually contain only a subset of the complete mtDNA genome, which itself undergoes frequent recombination. This arrangement means that exchange and complementation is essential for plant mitochondria, and recent work has begun to reveal how their collective dynamics and resultant "social networks" of encounters support this exchange, connecting plant mitochondria in time rather than in space. This review will argue that this social network perspective can be extended to a "societal network", where mitochondrial dynamics are an essential part of the interacting cellular society of organelles and biomolecules. Evidence is emerging that mitochondrial dynamics allow optimal resolutions to competing cellular priorities; we will survey this evidence and review potential future research directions, highlighting that plant mitochondria can help reveal and test principles that apply across other kingdoms of life. In parallel with this fundamental cell biology, we also highlight the translational "One Health" importance of plant mitochondrial behaviour - which is exploited in the production of a vast amount of crops consumed worldwide - and the potential for multi-objective optimisation to understand and rationally re-engineer the evolved resolutions to these tensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Chustecki
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Iain G Johnston
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Computational Biology Unit, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Cuypers A, Vanbuel I, Iven V, Kunnen K, Vandionant S, Huybrechts M, Hendrix S. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress responses and acclimation in plants require fine-tuning of redox biology at subcellular level. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:81-96. [PMID: 36775109 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic compounds released into our environment and is harmful to human health, urging the need to remediate Cd-polluted soils. To this end, it is important to increase our insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd stress responses in plants, ultimately leading to acclimation, and to develop novel strategies for economic validation of these soils. Albeit its non-redox-active nature, Cd causes a cellular oxidative challenge, which is a crucial determinant in the onset of diverse signalling cascades required for long-term acclimation and survival of Cd-exposed plants. Although it is well known that Cd affects reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging, the contribution of individual organelles to Cd-induced oxidative stress responses is less well studied. Here, we provide an overview of the current information on Cd-induced organellar responses with special attention to redox biology. We propose that an integration of organellar ROS signals with other signalling pathways is essential to finetune plant acclimation to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Cuypers
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Isabeau Vanbuel
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Verena Iven
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kris Kunnen
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Vandionant
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michiel Huybrechts
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hendrix
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Barreto P, Koltun A, Nonato J, Yassitepe J, Maia IDG, Arruda P. Metabolism and Signaling of Plant Mitochondria in Adaptation to Environmental Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911176. [PMID: 36232478 PMCID: PMC9570015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of mitochondria with cellular components evolved differently in plants and mammals; in plants, the organelle contains proteins such as ALTERNATIVE OXIDASES (AOXs), which, in conjunction with internal and external ALTERNATIVE NAD(P)H DEHYDROGENASES, allow canonical oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to be bypassed. Plant mitochondria also contain UNCOUPLING PROTEINS (UCPs) that bypass OXPHOS. Recent work revealed that OXPHOS bypass performed by AOXs and UCPs is linked with new mechanisms of mitochondrial retrograde signaling. AOX is functionally associated with the NO APICAL MERISTEM transcription factors, which mediate mitochondrial retrograde signaling, while UCP1 can regulate the plant oxygen-sensing mechanism via the PRT6 N-Degron. Here, we discuss the crosstalk or the independent action of AOXs and UCPs on mitochondrial retrograde signaling associated with abiotic stress responses. We also discuss how mitochondrial function and retrograde signaling mechanisms affect chloroplast function. Additionally, we discuss how mitochondrial inner membrane transporters can mediate mitochondrial communication with other organelles. Lastly, we review how mitochondrial metabolism can be used to improve crop resilience to environmental stresses. In this respect, we particularly focus on the contribution of Brazilian research groups to advances in the topic of mitochondrial metabolism and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Barreto
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Koltun
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nonato
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Juliana Yassitepe
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
- Embrapa Agricultura Digital, Campinas 13083-886, Brazil
| | - Ivan de Godoy Maia
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Arruda
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Wegner LH. Empowering roots-Some current aspects of root bioenergetics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853309. [PMID: 36051301 PMCID: PMC9424547 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Roots of higher plants provide the shoot with nutrients and water. In exchange, they receive photosynthates, which serve both as energy source and building blocks for maintenance and growth. While studies in plant bioenergetics used to focus on photosynthesis, several more recent findings also aroused or renewed interest in energy conversion and allocation in roots. Root building costs were identified as a long-undervalued trait, which turned out to be highly relevant for stress tolerance and nutrient use efficiency. Reduced building costs per root length (e.g., by aerenchyma formation or by increasing the cell size) are beneficial for exploring the soil for nutrient-rich patches, especially in low-input agrosystems. Also, an apparent mismatch was frequently found between the root energy budget in the form of the ATP pool on the one side and the apparent costs on the other side, particularly the costs of membrane transport under stress conditions, e.g., the Na+ detoxification costs resulting from Na+ sequestration at the plasma membrane. Ion transport across the plasma membrane (and also endomembranes) is coupled to the proton motive force usually believed to be exclusively generated by H+ ATPases. Recently, an alternative mechanism, the biochemical pH clamp, was identified which relies on H+ formation and binding in the apoplast and the cytosol, respectively, driven by metabolism (so-called active buffering). On this background, several aspects of root bioenergetics are discussed. These are (1) root respiration in soil, with a critical view on calorimetric vs. gas exchange measurements; (2) processes of energy conversion in mitochondria with a special focus on the role of the alternative oxidases, which allow adjusting carbon flow through metabolic pathways to membrane transport processes; and (3) energy allocation, in particular to transport across the plasma membrane forming the interface to soil solution. A concluding remark is dedicated to modeling root bioenergetics for optimizing further breeding strategies. Apparent "energy spoilers" may bestow the plant with a yet unidentified advantage only unfolding their beneficial effect under certain environmental conditions.
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Kang BH, Anderson CT, Arimura SI, Bayer E, Bezanilla M, Botella MA, Brandizzi F, Burch-Smith TM, Chapman KD, Dünser K, Gu Y, Jaillais Y, Kirchhoff H, Otegui MS, Rosado A, Tang Y, Kleine-Vehn J, Wang P, Zolman BK. A glossary of plant cell structures: Current insights and future questions. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:10-52. [PMID: 34633455 PMCID: PMC8846186 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this glossary of plant cell structures, we asked experts to summarize a present-day view of plant organelles and structures, including a discussion of outstanding questions. In the following short reviews, the authors discuss the complexities of the plant cell endomembrane system, exciting connections between organelles, novel insights into peroxisome structure and function, dynamics of mitochondria, and the mysteries that need to be unlocked from the plant cell wall. These discussions are focused through a lens of new microscopy techniques. Advanced imaging has uncovered unexpected shapes, dynamics, and intricate membrane formations. With a continued focus in the next decade, these imaging modalities coupled with functional studies are sure to begin to unravel mysteries of the plant cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Biology and Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| | - Shin-ichi Arimura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emmanuelle Bayer
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d'Ornon F-33140, France
| | - Magdalena Bezanilla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Miguel A Botella
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortifruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora,” Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Tessa M Burch-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Kent D Chapman
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Kai Dünser
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bethany Karlin Zolman
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
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Zhu Y, Qiu W, He X, Wu L, Bi D, Deng Z, He Z, Wu C, Zhuo R. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome provides insights into adaptation to cadmium stress in Sedum plumbizincicola. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113149. [PMID: 34974361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sedum plumbizincicola, a cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulating herbaceous plant, can accumulate large amounts of Cd in the above-ground tissues without being poisoned. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating the processes are not fully understood. In this study, Transcriptional and proteomic analyses were integrated to investigate the response of S. plumbizincicola plants to Cd stress and to identify key pathways that are potentially responsible for Cd tolerance and accumulation. A total of 630 DAPs (differentially abundant proteins, using fold change >1.5 and adjusted p-value <0.05) were identified from Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)- based quantitative proteomic profiling, which were enriched in processes including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Combined with the previous transcriptomic study, 209 genes and their corresponding proteins showed the identical expression pattern. The identified genes/proteins revealed the potential roles of several metabolism pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, phagosome, and glutathione metabolism, in mediating Cd tolerance and accumulation. Lignin staining and Cd accumulation assay of the transgenic lines over-expressing a selected Cd up-regulated gene SpFAOMT (Flavonoid 3',5'-methyltransferase) showed its functions in adapting to Cd stress, and provided insight into its role in lignin biosynthesis and Cd accumulation in S. plumbizincicola during Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - Wenmin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang He
- Agricultural Technology Extension Centre of Dongtai, Jiangsu 224200, PR China
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - De Bi
- Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215000, PR China
| | - Zhiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China
| | - Zhengquan He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetic & Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 Hubei, PR China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
| | - Renying Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China.
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8
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Kurz FT, Breckwoldt MO. Automated Quantification and Network Analysis of Redox Dynamics in Neuronal Mitochondria. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2399:261-274. [PMID: 35604561 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1831-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are complex organelles with multifaceted roles in cell biology, acting as signaling hubs that implicate them in cellular physiology and pathology. Mitochondria are both the target and the origin of multiple signaling events, including redox processes and calcium signaling which are important for organellar function and homeostasis. One way to interrogate mitochondrial function is by live cell imaging. Elaborated approaches perform imaging of single mitochondrial dynamics in living cells and animals. Imaging mitochondrial signaling and function can be challenging due to the sheer number of mitochondria, and the speed, propagation, and potential short half-life of signals. Moreover, mitochondria are organized in functionally coupled interorganellar networks. Therefore, advanced analysis and postprocessing tools are needed to enable automated analysis to fully quantitate mitochondrial signaling events and decipher their complex spatiotemporal connectedness. Herein, we present a protocol for recording and automating analyses of signaling in neuronal mitochondrial networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix T Kurz
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center, Department of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael O Breckwoldt
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg, Germany.
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9
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Waadt R, Kudla J, Kollist H. Multiparameter in vivo imaging in plants using genetically encoded fluorescent indicator multiplexing. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:537-549. [PMID: 35237819 PMCID: PMC8491039 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biological processes are highly dynamic, and during plant growth, development, and environmental interactions, they occur and influence each other on diverse spatiotemporal scales. Understanding plant physiology on an organismic scale requires analyzing biological processes from various perspectives, down to the cellular and molecular levels. Ideally, such analyses should be conducted on intact and living plant tissues. Fluorescent protein (FP)-based in vivo biosensing using genetically encoded fluorescent indicators (GEFIs) is a state-of-the-art methodology for directly monitoring cellular ion, redox, sugar, hormone, ATP and phosphatidic acid dynamics, and protein kinase activities in plants. The steadily growing number of diverse but technically compatible genetically encoded biosensors, the development of dual-reporting indicators, and recent achievements in plate-reader-based analyses now allow for GEFI multiplexing: the simultaneous recording of multiple GEFIs in a single experiment. This in turn enables in vivo multiparameter analyses: the simultaneous recording of various biological processes in living organisms. Here, we provide an update on currently established direct FP-based biosensors in plants, discuss their functional principles, and highlight important biological findings accomplished by employing various approaches of GEFI-based multiplexing. We also discuss challenges and provide advice for FP-based biosensor analyses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Waadt
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, Münster 48149, Germany
- Author for communication:
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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Aklima J, Onojima T, Kimura S, Umiuchi K, Shibata T, Kuraoka Y, Oie Y, Suganuma Y, Ohta Y. Effects of Matrix pH on Spontaneous Transient Depolarization and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Mitochondria. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692776. [PMID: 34277637 PMCID: PMC8278022 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidize surrounding molecules and thus impair their functions. Since mitochondria are a major source of ROS, suppression of ROS overproduction in the mitochondria is important for cells. Spontaneous transient depolarization of individual mitochondria is a physiological phenomenon widely observed from plants to mammals. Mitochondrial uncoupling can reduce ROS production; therefore, it is conceivable that transient depolarization could reduce ROS production. However, transient depolarization has been observed with increased ROS production. Therefore, the exact contribution of transient depolarization to ROS production has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined how the spontaneous transient depolarization occurring in individual mitochondria affected ROS production. When the matrix pH increased after the addition of malate or exposure of the isolated mitochondria to a high-pH buffer, transient depolarization was stimulated. Similar stimulation by an increased matrix pH was also observed in the mitochondria in intact H9c2 cells. Modifying the mitochondrial membrane potential and matrix pH by adding K+ in the presence of valinomycin, a K+ ionophore, clarified that an increase in the matrix pH is a major cause of ROS generation. When we added ADP in the presence of oligomycin to suppress the transient depolarization without decreasing the matrix pH, we observed the suppression of mitochondrial respiration, increased matrix pH, and enhanced ROS production. Based on these results, we propose a model where spontaneous transient depolarization occurs during increased proton influx through proton channels opened by increased matrix pH, leading to the suppression of ROS production. This study improves our understanding of mitochondrial behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Aklima
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Takumi Onojima
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Sawako Kimura
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Kanji Umiuchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yusho Kuraoka
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Oie
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Suganuma
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
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11
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Sidambaram P, Colleran J. Evaluating the anticancer properties and real-time electrochemical extracellular bio-speciation of bis (1,10-phenanthroline) silver (I) acetate monohydrate in the presence of A549 lung cancer cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 175:112876. [PMID: 33358431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
According to the American Cancer Society report (2019-2021), the majority (63%) of stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are prescribed with chemo and/or radiation therapies, with 5-year relative survival rates of just 19%. Thus, directed drug development, toward personalised cancer treatment, is widely recognised as a necessary strategy in drug discovery research. However, broad generalisations on the modes of action of bioinorganic compounds are not conducive to tailored drug design, hence, fundamental mechanistic research is essential in realising personalised healthcare. In this work, anticancer properties of bis (1,10-phenanthroline) silver (I) acetate monohydrate (Ag-Phen), toward A549 lung cancer cells are presented. Biological assays were carried out to evaluate the effect of Ag-Phen on cell viability, reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane potentials. In tandem with the biological assays, electrochemistry was employed to determine the real-time concentrations of intact Ag-Phen and dissociated Ag+ in the extracellular medium using platinum microelectrodes, as a function of cellular exposure time. Observations from the assays conducted include, Ag-Phen induced cytotoxicity (IC50 4.5 μM at 72 h) and 2-fold ROS generation, and a 50% decrease in mitochondrial membrane potentials with respect to equivalent concentrations of Ag+ and 1,10-phenanthroline. Bio-speciation studies, conducted electrochemically at platinum microelectrodes, revealed almost 50% of the Ag-Phen had dissociated after 2 h. Significant reductions in concentrations of dissociated Ag+ (from 67.7 μM to 6.7 μM), and the Ag-Phen complex (from 50.2 μM to 11.7 μM) between 4 and 24 h from the extracellular medium, indicate cellular uptake of both. This novel method facilitates the real-time identification and quantification of electroactive species, both the intact Ag-Phen and Ag+, in the presence of A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Sidambaram
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Colleran
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Ireland; School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Ireland.
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12
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Kaynezhad P, Tachtsidis I, Aboelnour A, Sivaprasad S, Jeffery G. Watching synchronous mitochondrial respiration in the retina and its instability in a mouse model of macular degeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3274. [PMID: 33558624 PMCID: PMC7870852 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function declines with age and in some diseases, but we have been unable to analyze this in vivo. Here, we optically examine retinal mitochondrial function as well as choroidal oxygenation and hemodynamics in aging C57 and complement factor H (CFH-/-) mice, proposed models of macular degeneration which suffer early retinal mitochondrial decline. In young C57s mitochondrial populations respire in coupled oscillatory behavior in cycles of ~ 8 min, which is phase linked to choroidal oscillatory hemodynamics. In aging C57s, the oscillations are less regular being ~ 14 min and more dissociated from choroidal hemodynamics. The mitochondrial oscillatory cycles are extended in CFH-/- mice being ~ 16 min and are further dissociated from choroidal hemodynamics. Mitochondrial decline occurs before age-related changes to choroidal vasculature, hence, is the likely origin of oscillatory disruption in hemodynamics. This technology offers a non-invasive technique to detect early retinal disease and its relationship to blood oxygenation in vivo and in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Kaynezhad
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Asmaa Aboelnour
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Glen Jeffery
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
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13
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Steinbeck J, Fuchs P, Negroni YL, Elsässer M, Lichtenauer S, Stockdreher Y, Feitosa-Araujo E, Kroll JB, Niemeier JO, Humberg C, Smith EN, Mai M, Nunes-Nesi A, Meyer AJ, Zottini M, Morgan B, Wagner S, Schwarzländer M. In Vivo NADH/NAD + Biosensing Reveals the Dynamics of Cytosolic Redox Metabolism in Plants. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:3324-3345. [PMID: 32796121 PMCID: PMC7534465 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
NADH and NAD+ are a ubiquitous cellular redox couple. Although the central role of NAD in plant metabolism and its regulatory role have been investigated extensively at the biochemical level, analyzing the subcellular redox dynamics of NAD in living plant tissues has been challenging. Here, we established live monitoring of NADH/NAD+ in plants using the genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor Peredox-mCherry. We established Peredox-mCherry lines of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and validated the biophysical and biochemical properties of the sensor that are critical for in planta measurements, including specificity, pH stability, and reversibility. We generated an NAD redox atlas of the cytosol of living Arabidopsis seedlings that revealed pronounced differences in NAD redox status between different organs and tissues. Manipulating the metabolic status through dark-to-light transitions, respiratory inhibition, sugar supplementation, and elicitor exposure revealed a remarkable degree of plasticity of the cytosolic NAD redox status and demonstrated metabolic redox coupling between cell compartments in leaves. Finally, we used protein engineering to generate a sensor variant that expands the resolvable NAD redox range. In summary, we established a technique for in planta NAD redox monitoring to deliver important insight into the in vivo dynamics of plant cytosolic redox metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Steinbeck
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Philippe Fuchs
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuri L Negroni
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sophie Lichtenauer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Yvonne Stockdreher
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Elias Feitosa-Araujo
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Johanna B Kroll
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Jan-Ole Niemeier
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Humberg
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Edward N Smith
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Mai
- Institute of Biochemistry, Zentrum für Human- und Molekularbiologie (ZHMB), Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michela Zottini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Bruce Morgan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Zentrum für Human- und Molekularbiologie (ZHMB), Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Stephan Wagner
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48143 Münster, Germany
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14
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Schlegel AM, Haswell ES. Charged pore-lining residues are required for normal channel kinetics in the eukaryotic mechanosensitive ion channel MSL1. Channels (Austin) 2020; 14:310-325. [PMID: 32988273 PMCID: PMC7757850 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2020.1818509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels are widespread mechanisms for cellular mechanosensation that can be directly activated by increasing membrane tension. The well-studied MscS family of MS ion channels is found in bacteria, archaea, and plants. MscS-Like (MSL)1 is localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana, where it is required for normal mitochondrial responses to oxidative stress. Like Escherichia coli MscS, MSL1 has a pore-lining helix that is kinked. However, in MSL1 this kink is comprised of two charged pore-lining residues, R326 and D327. Using single-channel patch-clamp electrophysiology in E. coli, we show that altering the size and charge of R326 and D327 leads to dramatic changes in channel kinetics. Modest changes in gating pressure were also observed while no effects on channel rectification or conductance were detected. MSL1 channel variants had differing physiological function in E. coli hypoosmotic shock assays, without clear correlation between function and particular channel characteristics. Taken together, these results demonstrate that altering pore-lining residue charge and size disrupts normal channel state stability and gating transitions, and led us to propose the “sweet spot” model. In this model, the transition to the closed state is facilitated by attraction between R326 and D327 and repulsion between R326 residues of neighboring monomers. In the open state, expansion of the channel reduces inter-monomeric repulsion, rendering open state stability influenced mainly by attractive forces. This work provides insight into how unique charge-charge interactions can be combined with an otherwise conserved structural feature to help modulate MS channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Schlegel
- Department of Biology, Washington University , St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,NSF Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University , St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Haswell
- Department of Biology, Washington University , St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,NSF Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University , St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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15
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Waadt R, Köster P, Andrés Z, Waadt C, Bradamante G, Lampou K, Kudla J, Schumacher K. Dual-Reporting Transcriptionally Linked Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Indicators Resolve the Spatiotemporal Coordination of Cytosolic Abscisic Acid and Second Messenger Dynamics in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2582-2601. [PMID: 32471862 PMCID: PMC7401017 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering signal transduction processes is crucial for understanding how plants sense and respond to environmental changes. Various chemical compounds function as central messengers within deeply intertwined signaling networks. How such compounds act in concert remains to be elucidated. We have developed dual-reporting transcriptionally linked genetically encoded fluorescent indicators (2-in-1-GEFIs) for multiparametric in vivo analyses of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), Ca2+, protons (H+), chloride (anions), the glutathione redox potential, and H2O2 Simultaneous analyses of two signaling compounds in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots revealed that ABA treatment and uptake did not trigger rapid cytosolic Ca2+ or H+ dynamics. Glutamate, ATP, Arabidopsis PLANT ELICITOR PEPTIDE, and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) treatments induced rapid spatiotemporally overlapping cytosolic Ca2+, H+, and anion dynamics, but except for GSSG, only weakly affected the cytosolic redox state. Overall, 2-in-1-GEFIs enable complementary, high-resolution in vivo analyses of signaling compound dynamics and facilitate an advanced understanding of the spatiotemporal coordination of signal transduction processes in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Waadt
- Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Köster
- Molekulare Genetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Zaida Andrés
- Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gabriele Bradamante
- Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Lampou
- Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Molekulare Genetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Van Wijk R, Van Wijk EP, Pang J, Yang M, Yan Y, Han J. Integrating Ultra-Weak Photon Emission Analysis in Mitochondrial Research. Front Physiol 2020; 11:717. [PMID: 32733265 PMCID: PMC7360823 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Once regarded solely as the energy source of the cell, nowadays mitochondria are recognized to perform multiple essential functions in addition to energy production. Since the discovery of pathogenic mitochondrial DNA defects in the 1980s, research advances have revealed an increasing number of common human diseases, which share an underlying pathogenesis involving mitochondrial dysfunction. A major factor in this dysfunction is reactive oxygen species (ROS), which influence the mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk and the link with the epigenome, an influence that provides explanations for pathogenic mechanisms. Regarding these mechanisms, we should take into account that mitochondria produce the majority of ultra-weak photon emission (UPE), an aspect that is often ignored - this type of emission may serve as assay for ROS, thus providing new opportunities for a non-invasive diagnosis of mitochondrial dysfunction. In this article, we overviewed three relevant areas of mitochondria-related research over the period 1960-2020: (a) respiration and energy production, (b) respiration-related production of free radicals and other ROS species, and (c) ultra-weak photon emission in relation to ROS and stress. First, we have outlined how these research areas initially developed independently of each other - following that, our review aims to show their stepwise integration during later stages of development. It is suggested that a further stimulation of research on UPE may have the potential to enhance the progress of modern mitochondrial research and its integration in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland Van Wijk
- Meluna Research, Department of Biophotonics, Geldermalsen, Netherlands
| | | | - Jingxiang Pang
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Meina Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Meluna Research, Department of Biophotonics, Geldermalsen, Netherlands
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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17
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Structural and functional properties of plant mitochondrial F-ATP synthase. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:178-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Channels and transporters for inorganic ions in plant mitochondria: Prediction and facts. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:224-233. [PMID: 32540403 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial bioenergetic organelles for providing different metabolites, including ATP, to sustain cell growth both in animals and in plants. These organelles, delimited by two membranes (outer and inner mitochondrial membrane), maintain their function by an intensive communication with other organelles as well as with the cytosol. Transport of metabolites across the two membranes, but also that of inorganic ions, takes place through specific ion channels and transporters and plays a crucial role in ensuring an adequate ionic milieu within the mitochondria. In the present review we briefly summarize the current knowledge about plant mitochondrial ion channels and transporters in comparison to those of animal mitochondria and examine the possible molecular identity of the so far unidentified transport systems taking into account subcellular targeting predictions and data from literature.
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19
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Niehaus M, Straube H, Künzler P, Rugen N, Hegermann J, Giavalisco P, Eubel H, Witte CP, Herde M. Rapid Affinity Purification of Tagged Plant Mitochondria (Mito-AP) for Metabolome and Proteome Analyses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1194-1210. [PMID: 31911558 PMCID: PMC7054873 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of organelles facilitates the focused analysis of subcellular protein and metabolite pools. Here we present a technique for the affinity purification of plant mitochondria (Mito-AP). The stable ectopic expression of a mitochondrial outer membrane protein fused to a GFP:Strep tag in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) exclusively decorates mitochondria, enabling their selective affinity purification using magnetic beads coated with Strep-Tactin. With Mito-AP, intact mitochondria from 0.5 g plant material were highly enriched in 30-60 min, considerably faster than with conventional gradient centrifugation. Combining gradient centrifugation and Mito-AP techniques resulted in high purity of >90% mitochondrial proteins in the lysate. Mito-AP supports mitochondrial proteome analysis by shotgun proteomics. The relative abundances of proteins from distinct mitochondrial isolation methods were correlated. A cluster of 619 proteins was consistently enriched by all methods. Among these were several proteins that lack subcellular localization data or that are currently assigned to other compartments. Mito-AP is also compatible with mitochondrial metabolome analysis by triple-quadrupole and orbitrap mass spectrometry. Mito-AP preparations showed a strong enrichment with typical mitochondrial lipids like cardiolipins and demonstrated the presence of several ubiquinones in Arabidopsis mitochondria. Affinity purification of organelles is a powerful tool for reaching higher spatial and temporal resolution for the analysis of metabolomic and proteomic dynamics within subcellular compartments. Mito-AP is small scale, rapid, economic, and potentially applicable to any organelle or to organelle subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Niehaus
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Henryk Straube
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Künzler
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Plant Genetics, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Rugen
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Plant Genetics, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Holger Eubel
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Plant Genetics, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Claus-Peter Witte
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marco Herde
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, 30419 Hannover, Germany
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20
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Fuchs P, Rugen N, Carrie C, Elsässer M, Finkemeier I, Giese J, Hildebrandt TM, Kühn K, Maurino VG, Ruberti C, Schallenberg-Rüdinger M, Steinbeck J, Braun HP, Eubel H, Meyer EH, Müller-Schüssele SJ, Schwarzländer M. Single organelle function and organization as estimated from Arabidopsis mitochondrial proteomics. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:420-441. [PMID: 31520498 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria host vital cellular functions, including oxidative phosphorylation and co-factor biosynthesis, which are reflected in their proteome. At the cellular level plant mitochondria are organized into hundreds of discrete functional entities, which undergo dynamic fission and fusion. It is the individual organelle that operates in the living cell, yet biochemical and physiological assessments have exclusively focused on the characteristics of large populations of mitochondria. Here, we explore the protein composition of an individual average plant mitochondrion to deduce principles of functional and structural organisation. We perform proteomics on purified mitochondria from cultured heterotrophic Arabidopsis cells with intensity-based absolute quantification and scale the dataset to the single organelle based on criteria that are justified by experimental evidence and theoretical considerations. We estimate that a total of 1.4 million protein molecules make up a single Arabidopsis mitochondrion on average. Copy numbers of the individual proteins span five orders of magnitude, ranging from >40 000 for Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 to sub-stoichiometric copy numbers, i.e. less than a single copy per single mitochondrion, for several pentatricopeptide repeat proteins that modify mitochondrial transcripts. For our analysis, we consider the physical and chemical constraints of the single organelle and discuss prominent features of mitochondrial architecture, protein biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, metabolism, antioxidant defence, genome maintenance, gene expression, and dynamics. While assessing the limitations of our considerations, we exemplify how our understanding of biochemical function and structural organization of plant mitochondria can be connected in order to obtain global and specific insights into how organelles work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Fuchs
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
- Institut für Nutzpflanzenforschung und Ressourcenschutz (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils Rugen
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Chris Carrie
- Department Biologie I - Botanik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Grosshadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
- Institut für Nutzpflanzenforschung und Ressourcenschutz (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113, Bonn, Germany
- Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Botanik (IZMB), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Jonas Giese
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Tatjana M Hildebrandt
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristina Kühn
- Institut für Biologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cristina Ruberti
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Mareike Schallenberg-Rüdinger
- Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Botanik (IZMB), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Janina Steinbeck
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Eubel
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Etienne H Meyer
- Institut für Biologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Stefanie J Müller-Schüssele
- Institut für Nutzpflanzenforschung und Ressourcenschutz (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
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21
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Wagner S, Steinbeck J, Fuchs P, Lichtenauer S, Elsässer M, Schippers JHM, Nietzel T, Ruberti C, Van Aken O, Meyer AJ, Van Dongen JT, Schmidt RR, Schwarzländer M. Multiparametric real-time sensing of cytosolic physiology links hypoxia responses to mitochondrial electron transport. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 224:1668-1684. [PMID: 31386759 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia regularly occurs during plant development and can be induced by the environment through, for example, flooding. To understand how plant tissue physiology responds to progressing oxygen restriction, we aimed to monitor subcellular physiology in real time and in vivo. We establish a fluorescent protein sensor-based system for multiparametric monitoring of dynamic changes in subcellular physiology of living Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and exemplify its applicability for hypoxia stress. By monitoring cytosolic dynamics of magnesium adenosine 5'-triphosphate, free calcium ion concentration, pH, NAD redox status, and glutathione redox status in parallel, linked to transcriptional and metabolic responses, we generate an integrated picture of the physiological response to progressing hypoxia. We show that the physiological changes are surprisingly robust, even when plant carbon status is modified, as achieved by sucrose feeding or extended night. Inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain causes dynamics of cytosolic physiology that are remarkably similar to those under oxygen depletion, highlighting mitochondrial electron transport as a key determinant of the cellular consequences of hypoxia beyond the organelle. A broadly applicable system for parallel in vivo sensing of plant stress physiology is established to map out the physiological context under which both mitochondrial retrograde signalling and low oxygen signalling occur, indicating shared upstream stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Wagner
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné Weg 10, D-50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janina Steinbeck
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Philippe Fuchs
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sophie Lichtenauer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jos H M Schippers
- Institute of Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Thomas Nietzel
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristina Ruberti
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joost T Van Dongen
- Institute of Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Romy R Schmidt
- Institute of Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
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22
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Havird JC, Noe GR, Link L, Torres A, Logan DC, Sloan DB, Chicco AJ. Do angiosperms with highly divergent mitochondrial genomes have altered mitochondrial function? Mitochondrion 2019; 49:1-11. [PMID: 31229574 PMCID: PMC6885534 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiosperm mitochondrial (mt) genes are generally slow-evolving, but multiple lineages have undergone dramatic accelerations in rates of nucleotide substitution and extreme changes in mt genome structure. While molecular evolution in these lineages has been investigated, very little is known about their mt function. Some studies have suggested altered respiration in individual taxa, although there are several reasons why mt variation might be neutral in others. Here, we develop a new protocol to characterize respiration in isolated plant mitochondria and apply it to species of Silene with mt genomes that are rapidly evolving, highly fragmented, and exceptionally large (~11 Mbp). This protocol, complemented with traditional measures of plant fitness, cytochrome c oxidase activity assays, and fluorescence microscopy, was also used to characterize inter- and intraspecific variation in mt function. Contributions of the individual "classic" OXPHOS complexes, the alternative oxidase, and external NADH dehydrogenases to overall mt respiratory flux were found to be similar to previously studied angiosperms with more typical mt genomes. Some differences in mt function could be explained by inter- and intraspecific variation. This study suggests that Silene species with peculiar mt genomes still show relatively normal mt respiration. This may be due to strong purifying selection on mt variants, coevolutionary responses in the nucleus, or a combination of both. Future experiments should explore such questions using a comparative framework and investigating other lineages with unusual mitogenomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Havird
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Gregory R Noe
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Luke Link
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Amber Torres
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - David C Logan
- IRHS, INRA, Université d'Angers, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France
| | - Daniel B Sloan
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Adam J Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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23
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Paggio A, Checchetto V, Campo A, Menabò R, Di Marco G, Di Lisa F, Szabo I, Rizzuto R, De Stefani D. Identification of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel in mitochondria. Nature 2019; 572:609-613. [PMID: 31435016 PMCID: PMC6726485 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria provide chemical energy for endoergonic reactions in the form of ATP, and their activity must meet cellular energy requirements, but the mechanisms that link organelle performance to ATP levels are poorly understood. Here we confirm the existence of a protein complex localized in mitochondria that mediates ATP-dependent potassium currents (that is, mitoKATP). We show that-similar to their plasma membrane counterparts-mitoKATP channels are composed of pore-forming and ATP-binding subunits, which we term MITOK and MITOSUR, respectively. In vitro reconstitution of MITOK together with MITOSUR recapitulates the main properties of mitoKATP. Overexpression of MITOK triggers marked organelle swelling, whereas the genetic ablation of this subunit causes instability in the mitochondrial membrane potential, widening of the intracristal space and decreased oxidative phosphorylation. In a mouse model, the loss of MITOK suppresses the cardioprotection that is elicited by pharmacological preconditioning induced by diazoxide. Our results indicate that mitoKATP channels respond to the cellular energetic status by regulating organelle volume and function, and thereby have a key role in mitochondrial physiology and potential effects on several pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Paggio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Campo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Di Marco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Diego De Stefani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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24
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Wei-LaPierre L, Ainbinder A, Tylock KM, Dirksen RT. Substrate-dependent and cyclophilin D-independent regulation of mitochondrial flashes in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 665:122-131. [PMID: 30872061 PMCID: PMC6499064 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial flashes (mitoflashes) are stochastic events in the mitochondrial matrix detected by mitochondrial-targeted cpYFP (mt-cpYFP). Mitoflashes are quantal bursts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production accompanied by modest matrix alkalinization and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitoflashes are fundamental events present in a wide range of cell types. To date, the precise mechanisms for mitoflash generation and termination remain elusive. Transient opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP) during a mitoflash is proposed to account for the mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. Here, we set out to compare the tissue-specific effects of cyclophilin D (CypD)-deficiency and mitochondrial substrates on mitoflash activity in skeletal and cardiac muscle. In contrast to previous reports, we found that CypD knockout did not alter the mitoflash frequency or other mitoflash properties in acutely isolated cardiac myocytes, skeletal muscle fibers, or isolated mitochondria from skeletal muscle and the heart. However, in skeletal muscle fibers, CypD deficiency resulted in a parallel increase in both activity-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and activity-dependent mitoflash activity. Increases in both mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and mitoflash activity following electrical stimulation were abolished by inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. We also found that mitoflash frequency and amplitude differ greatly between intact skeletal muscle fibers and cardiac myocytes, but that this difference is absent in isolated mitochondria. We propose that this difference may be due, in part, to differences in substrate availability in intact skeletal muscle fibers (primarily glycolytic) and cardiac myocytes (largely oxidative). Overall, we find that CypD does not contribute significantly in mitoflash biogenesis under basal conditions in skeletal and cardiac muscle, but does regulate mitoflash events during muscle activity. In addition, tissue-dependent differences in mitoflash frequency are strongly regulated by mitochondrial substrate availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Alina Ainbinder
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Kevin M Tylock
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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25
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Janssen JJE, Grefte S, Keijer J, de Boer VCJ. Mito-Nuclear Communication by Mitochondrial Metabolites and Its Regulation by B-Vitamins. Front Physiol 2019; 10:78. [PMID: 30809153 PMCID: PMC6379835 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that control metabolic homeostasis and ATP generation, but also play an important role in other processes, like cell death decisions and immune signaling. Mitochondria produce a diverse array of metabolites that act in the mitochondria itself, but also function as signaling molecules to other parts of the cell. Communication of mitochondria with the nucleus by metabolites that are produced by the mitochondria provides the cells with a dynamic regulatory system that is able to respond to changing metabolic conditions. Dysregulation of the interplay between mitochondrial metabolites and the nucleus has been shown to play a role in disease etiology, such as cancer and type II diabetes. Multiple recent studies emphasize the crucial role of nutritional cofactors in regulating these metabolic networks. Since B-vitamins directly regulate mitochondrial metabolism, understanding the role of B-vitamins in mito-nuclear communication is relevant for therapeutic applications and optimal dietary lifestyle. In this review, we will highlight emerging concepts in mito-nuclear communication and will describe the role of B-vitamins in mitochondrial metabolite-mediated nuclear signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincent C. J. de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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26
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Nietzel T, Elsässer M, Ruberti C, Steinbeck J, Ugalde JM, Fuchs P, Wagner S, Ostermann L, Moseler A, Lemke P, Fricker MD, Müller-Schüssele SJ, Moerschbacher BM, Costa A, Meyer AJ, Schwarzländer M. The fluorescent protein sensor roGFP2-Orp1 monitors in vivo H 2 O 2 and thiol redox integration and elucidates intracellular H 2 O 2 dynamics during elicitor-induced oxidative burst in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:1649-1664. [PMID: 30347449 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is ubiquitous in cells and at the centre of developmental programmes and environmental responses. Its chemistry in cells makes H2 O2 notoriously hard to detect dynamically, specifically and at high resolution. Genetically encoded sensors overcome persistent shortcomings, but pH sensitivity, silencing of expression and a limited concept of sensor behaviour in vivo have hampered any meaningful H2 O2 sensing in living plants. We established H2 O2 monitoring in the cytosol and the mitochondria of Arabidopsis with the fusion protein roGFP2-Orp1 using confocal microscopy and multiwell fluorimetry. We confirmed sensor oxidation by H2 O2 , show insensitivity to physiological pH changes, and demonstrated that glutathione dominates sensor reduction in vivo. We showed the responsiveness of the sensor to exogenous H2 O2 , pharmacologically-induced H2 O2 release, and genetic interference with the antioxidant machinery in living Arabidopsis tissues. Monitoring intracellular H2 O2 dynamics in response to elicitor exposure reveals the late and prolonged impact of the oxidative burst in the cytosol that is modified in redox mutants. We provided a well defined toolkit for H2 O2 monitoring in planta and showed that intracellular H2 O2 measurements only carry meaning in the context of the endogenous thiol redox systems. This opens new possibilities to dissect plant H2 O2 dynamics and redox regulation, including intracellular NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nietzel
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristina Ruberti
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Janina Steinbeck
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - José Manuel Ugalde
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philippe Fuchs
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephan Wagner
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lara Ostermann
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
- BioSC, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anna Moseler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Lemke
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Mark D Fricker
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Stefanie J Müller-Schüssele
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bruno M Moerschbacher
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Alex Costa
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
- BioSC, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
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27
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Abstract
Cell-to-cell heterogeneity drives a range of (patho)physiologically important phenomena, such as cell fate and chemotherapeutic resistance. The role of metabolism, and particularly of mitochondria, is increasingly being recognized as an important explanatory factor in cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Most eukaryotic cells possess a population of mitochondria, in the sense that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is held in multiple copies per cell, where the sequence of each molecule can vary. Hence, intra-cellular mitochondrial heterogeneity is possible, which can induce inter-cellular mitochondrial heterogeneity, and may drive aspects of cellular noise. In this review, we discuss sources of mitochondrial heterogeneity (variations between mitochondria in the same cell, and mitochondrial variations between supposedly identical cells) from both genetic and non-genetic perspectives, and mitochondrial genotype-phenotype links. We discuss the apparent homeostasis of mtDNA copy number, the observation of pervasive intra-cellular mtDNA mutation (which is termed "microheteroplasmy"), and developments in the understanding of inter-cellular mtDNA mutation ("macroheteroplasmy"). We point to the relationship between mitochondrial supercomplexes, cristal structure, pH, and cardiolipin as a potential amplifier of the mitochondrial genotype-phenotype link. We also discuss mitochondrial membrane potential and networks as sources of mitochondrial heterogeneity, and their influence upon the mitochondrial genome. Finally, we revisit the idea of mitochondrial complementation as a means of dampening mitochondrial genotype-phenotype links in light of recent experimental developments. The diverse sources of mitochondrial heterogeneity, as well as their increasingly recognized role in contributing to cellular heterogeneity, highlights the need for future single-cell mitochondrial measurements in the context of cellular noise studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juvid Aryaman
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Iain G. Johnston
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- EPSRC Centre for the Mathematics of Precision Healthcare, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick S. Jones
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- EPSRC Centre for the Mathematics of Precision Healthcare, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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28
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Behera S, Xu Z, Luoni L, Bonza MC, Doccula FG, De Michelis MI, Morris RJ, Schwarzländer M, Costa A. Cellular Ca 2+ Signals Generate Defined pH Signatures in Plants. THE PLANT CELL 2018; 30:2704-2719. [PMID: 30377237 PMCID: PMC6305977 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ play a key role in cell signaling across organisms. The question of how a simple ion can mediate specific outcomes has spurred research into the role of Ca2+ signatures and their encoding and decoding machinery. Such studies have frequently focused on Ca2+ alone and our understanding of how Ca2+ signaling is integrated with other responses is poor. Using in vivo imaging with different genetically encoded fluorescent sensors in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells, we show that Ca2+ transients do not occur in isolation but are accompanied by pH changes in the cytosol. We estimate the degree of cytosolic acidification at up to 0.25 pH units in response to external ATP in seedling root tips. We validated this pH-Ca2+ link for distinct stimuli. Our data suggest that the association with pH may be a general feature of Ca2+ transients that depends on the transient characteristics and the intracellular compartment. These findings suggest a fundamental link between Ca2+ and pH dynamics in plant cells, generalizing previous observations of their association in growing pollen tubes and root hairs. Ca2+ signatures act in concert with pH signatures, possibly providing an additional layer of cellular signal transduction to tailor signal specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrutisanjita Behera
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, 700 032 West Bengal, India
| | - Zhaolong Xu
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Salt-Soil Agricultural Center, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Laura Luoni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Richard J. Morris
- Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy
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29
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Chen W, Luo S, Xie P, Hou T, Yu T, Fu X. Overexpressed UCP2 regulates mitochondrial flashes and reverses lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocytes injury. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1347-1356. [PMID: 29887950 PMCID: PMC5992536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial flashes (mitoflashes) are transient signals from transient bursts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and changes in pH that occur in certain physiological or pathological conditions. Mitoflashes are closely related to metabolism, cell differentiation, stress response, diseases, and aging. Sepsis can trigger mitochondrial dysfunction in myocardial cells, which leads to ROS overproduction, while uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) can reduce ROS production. This study aims to observe whether UCP2 overexpression can regulate the frequency of mitoflashes in cardiomyocytes during sepsis and thereby play a protective role. Methods: A cell model for sepsis-induced myocardial damage was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). UCP2 overexpression in cardiomyocytes was achieved by adenovirus transfection. Creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL-6) activities were detected, and mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP) were measured. The frequency of mitoflashes in cardiomyocytes was observed. Results: With LPS stimulation, mitoflashes in cardiomyocytes increased significantly, and the MMP was damaged. Additionally, significant increases in CK, LDH, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression levels were observed. UCP2 overexpression can significantly reverse myocardial cell injuries that result from LPS stimulation. Compared with the LPS group, the LPS+UCP2 overexpression group showed a decrease in mitoflash frequency, an improved MMP, and decreases in CK, LDH, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression levels. Conclusion: This study is the first to demonstrate the function of UCP2 overexpression in protecting the myocardium by regulating mitoflash frequency and reversing sepsis-induced myocardial injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking UniversityBeijing 100871, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Fu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, China
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30
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Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ in response to energy deficiency in plants: the general mechanism of adaptation to low oxygen stress. Biochem J 2018; 475:1411-1425. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ can be released from cell compartments to the cytosol during stress conditions. We discuss here the causes of Ca2+ release under conditions of ATP concentration decline that result in the suppression of ATPases and activation of calcium ion channels. The main signaling and metabolic consequences of Ca2+ release are considered for stressed plant cells. The signaling function includes generation and spreading of calcium waves, while the metabolic function results in the activation of particular enzymes and genes. Ca2+ is involved in the activation of glutamate decarboxylase, initiating the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt and triggering the formation of alanine, processes which play a role, in particular, in pH regulation. Ca2+ activates the transcription of several genes, e.g. of plant hemoglobin (phytoglobin, Pgb) which scavenges nitric oxide and regulates redox and energy balance through the Pgb–nitric oxide cycle. This cycle involves NADH and NADPH oxidation from the cytosolic side of mitochondria, in which Ca2+- and low pH-activated external NADH and NADPH dehydrogenases participate. Ca2+ can also activate the genes of alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase stimulating hypoxic fermentation. It is concluded that calcium is a primary factor that causes the metabolic shift under conditions of oxygen deficiency.
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31
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Wagner S, Van Aken O, Elsässer M, Schwarzländer M. Mitochondrial Energy Signaling and Its Role in the Low-Oxygen Stress Response of Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:1156-1170. [PMID: 29298823 PMCID: PMC5813528 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular responses to low-oxygen stress and to respiratory inhibitors share common mitochondrial energy signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Wagner
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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32
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Arimura SI. Fission and Fusion of Plant Mitochondria, and Genome Maintenance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:152-161. [PMID: 29138352 PMCID: PMC5761811 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic changes maintain a multipartite mitochondrial genome meets the changing needs of plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Arimura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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33
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Schwarzländer M, Fuchs P. Plant mitochondrial membranes: adding structure and new functions to respiratory physiology. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 40:147-157. [PMID: 28992511 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The membranes of mitochondria are focal points of cellular physiology and respiratory energy transformation. Recent discoveries have started painting a refined picture of plant mitochondrial membranes as platforms in which structure and function have evolved in an interconnected and dynamically regulated manner. Hosting ancillary functions that interact with other mitochondrial properties gives mitochondria the characteristics of multitasking and integrated molecular mega machines. We review recent insights into the makeup and the plasticity of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes, their intimate relationship with respiratory function and regulation, and their properties in mediating solute transport. Synthesizing recent research advances we hypothesize that plant mitochondrial membranes are a privileged location for incorporation of a wide range of processes, some of which collaborate with respiratory function, including plant immunity, metabolic regulation and signal transduction, to underpin flexibility in the acclimation to changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143 Münster, Germany.
| | - Philippe Fuchs
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143 Münster, Germany
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34
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Zand K, Pham TDA, Li J, Zhou W, Wallace DC, Burke PJ. Resistive flow sensing of vital mitochondria with nanoelectrodes. Mitochondrion 2017; 37:8-16. [PMID: 28655663 PMCID: PMC6377799 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report label-free detection of single mitochondria with high sensitivity using nanoelectrodes. Measurements of the conductance of carbon nanotube transistors show discrete changes of conductance as individual mitochondria flow over the nanoelectrodes in a microfluidic channel. Altering the bioenergetic state of the mitochondria by adding metabolites to the flow buffer induces changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential detected by the nanoelectrodes. During the time when mitochondria are transiently passing over the nanoelectrodes, this (nano) technology is sensitive to fluctuations of the mitochondrial membrane potential with a resolution of 10mV with temporal resolution of order milliseconds. Fluorescence based assays (in ideal, photon shot noise limited setups) are shown to be an order of magnitude less sensitive than this nano-electronic measurement technology. This opens a new window into the dynamics of an organelle critical to cellular function and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Zand
- Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Ted D A Pham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Douglas C Wallace
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Peter J Burke
- Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
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35
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De Col V, Fuchs P, Nietzel T, Elsässer M, Voon CP, Candeo A, Seeliger I, Fricker MD, Grefen C, Møller IM, Bassi A, Lim BL, Zancani M, Meyer AJ, Costa A, Wagner S, Schwarzländer M. ATP sensing in living plant cells reveals tissue gradients and stress dynamics of energy physiology. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28716182 PMCID: PMC5515573 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth and development of plants is ultimately driven by light energy captured through photosynthesis. ATP acts as universal cellular energy cofactor fuelling all life processes, including gene expression, metabolism, and transport. Despite a mechanistic understanding of ATP biochemistry, ATP dynamics in the living plant have been largely elusive. Here, we establish MgATP2- measurement in living plants using the fluorescent protein biosensor ATeam1.03-nD/nA. We generate Arabidopsis sensor lines and investigate the sensor in vitro under conditions appropriate for the plant cytosol. We establish an assay for ATP fluxes in isolated mitochondria, and demonstrate that the sensor responds rapidly and reliably to MgATP2- changes in planta. A MgATP2- map of the Arabidopsis seedling highlights different MgATP2- concentrations between tissues and within individual cell types, such as root hairs. Progression of hypoxia reveals substantial plasticity of ATP homeostasis in seedlings, demonstrating that ATP dynamics can be monitored in the living plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina De Col
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Philippe Fuchs
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Nietzel
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Chia Pao Voon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alessia Candeo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ingo Seeliger
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mark D Fricker
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Grefen
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Developmental Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andrea Bassi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Boon Leong Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marco Zancani
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Bioeconomy Science Center, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Alex Costa
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stephan Wagner
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Bioeconomy Science Center, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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36
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Wang X, Zhang X, Huang Z, Wu D, Liu B, Zhang R, Yin R, Hou T, Jian C, Xu J, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Gao F, Cheng H. Protons Trigger Mitochondrial Flashes. Biophys J 2017; 111:386-394. [PMID: 27463140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondrial flashes (mitoflashes) are highly conserved elemental mitochondrial signaling events. However, which signal controls their ignition and how they are integrated with other mitochondrial signals and functions remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to further delineate the signal components of the mitoflash and determine the mitoflash trigger mechanism. Using multiple biosensors and chemical probes as well as label-free autofluorescence, we found that the mitoflash reflects chemical and electrical excitation at the single-organelle level, comprising bursting superoxide production, oxidative redox shift, and matrix alkalinization as well as transient membrane depolarization. Both electroneutral H(+)/K(+) or H(+)/Na(+) antiport and matrix proton uncaging elicited immediate and robust mitoflash responses over a broad dynamic range in cardiomyocytes and HeLa cells. However, charge-uncompensated proton transport, which depolarizes mitochondria, caused the opposite effect, and steady matrix acidification mildly inhibited mitoflashes. Based on a numerical simulation, we estimated a mean proton lifetime of 1.42 ns and diffusion distance of 2.06 nm in the matrix. We conclude that nanodomain protons act as a novel, to our knowledge, trigger of mitoflashes in energized mitochondria. This finding suggests that mitoflash genesis is functionally and mechanistically integrated with mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhanglong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongkang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chongshu Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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37
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Redox regulation of mitochondrial proteins and proteomes by cysteine thiol switches. Mitochondrion 2017; 33:72-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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38
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Rosselin M, Santo-Domingo J, Bermont F, Giacomello M, Demaurex N. L-OPA1 regulates mitoflash biogenesis independently from membrane fusion. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:451-463. [PMID: 28174208 PMCID: PMC5331265 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201642931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial flashes mediated by optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) fusion protein are bioenergetic responses to stochastic drops in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) whose origin is unclear. Using structurally distinct genetically encoded pH‐sensitive probes, we confirm that flashes are matrix alkalinization transients, thereby establishing the pH nature of these events, which we renamed “mitopHlashes”. Probes located in cristae or intermembrane space as verified by electron microscopy do not report pH changes during Δψm drops or respiratory chain inhibition. Opa1 ablation does not alter Δψm fluctuations but drastically decreases the efficiency of mitopHlash/Δψm coupling, which is restored by re‐expressing fusion‐deficient OPA1K301A and preserved in cells lacking the outer‐membrane fusion proteins MFN1/2 or the OPA1 proteases OMA1 and YME1L, indicating that mitochondrial membrane fusion and OPA1 proteolytic processing are dispensable. pH/Δψm uncoupling occurs early during staurosporine‐induced apoptosis and is mitigated by OPA1 overexpression, suggesting that OPA1 maintains mitopHlash competence during stress conditions. We propose that OPA1 stabilizes respiratory chain supercomplexes in a conformation that enables respiring mitochondria to compensate a drop in Δψm by an explosive matrix pH flash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Rosselin
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jaime Santo-Domingo
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flavien Bermont
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Demaurex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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39
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Feng G, Liu B, Hou T, Wang X, Cheng H. Mitochondrial Flashes: Elemental Signaling Events in Eukaryotic Cells. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 240:403-422. [PMID: 28233181 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial flashes (mitoflashes) are recently discovered mitochondrial activity which reflects chemical and electrical excitation of the organelle. Emerging evidence indicates that mitoflashes represent highly regulated, elementary signaling events that play important roles in physiological and pathophysiological processes in eukaryotes. Furthermore, they are regulated by mitochondrial ROS, Ca2+, and protons, and are intertwined with mitochondrial metabolic processes. As such, targeting mitoflash activity may provide a novel means for the control of mitochondrial metabolism and signaling in health and disease. In this brief review, we summarize salient features and mechanisms of biogenesis of mitoflashes, and synthesize data on mitoflash biology in the context of metabolism, cell differentiation, stress response, disease, and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaomin Feng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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40
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Gupta KJ, Lee CP, Ratcliffe RG. Nitrite Protects Mitochondrial Structure and Function under Hypoxia. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:175-183. [PMID: 28007968 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation leads to changes in mitochondrial morphology and impaired flow of reducing equivalents through the electron transport chain. The extent of these changes depends on the duration and severity of the treatment as well as on the species and cell type. Nitrate is known to ameliorate these effects in some instances, but it is possible that it is nitrite, rather than nitrate, that is the key to the mechanism. To test this, mitochondria were isolated from 21-day-old pea (Pisum sativum) roots and incubated for 90 min under normoxia or hypoxia in the presence or absence of 0.5 mM nitrite. The supply of nitrite under hypoxia led to nitric oxide production, improved mitochondrial integrity, improved energization of the inner mitochondrial membrane, increased ATP synthesis, decreased production of reactive oxygen species and decreased lipid peroxidation. It also resulted in higher levels and activities of complex I and the supercomplex I + III2. It is concluded that nitrite has an important role in maintaining mitochondrial function under hypoxia, and that it achieves this through the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide by the mitochondrial electron transport chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India
| | - Chun Pong Lee
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA, Australia
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41
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Lee CP, Maksaev G, Jensen GS, Murcha MW, Wilson ME, Fricker M, Hell R, Haswell ES, Millar AH, Sweetlove LJ. MSL1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel that dissipates mitochondrial membrane potential and maintains redox homeostasis in mitochondria during abiotic stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 88:809-825. [PMID: 27505616 PMCID: PMC5195915 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria must maintain tight control over the electrochemical gradient across their inner membrane to allow ATP synthesis while maintaining a redox-balanced electron transport chain and avoiding excessive reactive oxygen species production. However, there is a scarcity of knowledge about the ion transporters in the inner mitochondrial membrane that contribute to control of membrane potential. We show that loss of MSL1, a member of a family of mechanosensitive ion channels related to the bacterial channel MscS, leads to increased membrane potential of Arabidopsis mitochondria under specific bioenergetic states. We demonstrate that MSL1 localises to the inner mitochondrial membrane. When expressed in Escherichia coli, MSL1 forms a stretch-activated ion channel with a slight preference for anions and provides protection against hypo-osmotic shock. In contrast, loss of MSL1 in Arabidopsis did not prevent swelling of isolated mitochondria in hypo-osmotic conditions. Instead, our data suggest that ion transport by MSL1 leads to dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential when it becomes too high. The importance of MSL1 function was demonstrated by the observation of a higher oxidation state of the mitochondrial glutathione pool in msl1-1 mutants under moderate heat- and heavy-metal-stress. Furthermore, we show that MSL1 function is not directly implicated in mitochondrial membrane potential pulsing, but is complementary and appears to be important under similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Pong Lee
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Bayliss Building M316, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Grigory Maksaev
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, Mailcode 1137, Saint Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Gregory S Jensen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, Mailcode 1137, Saint Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Monika W Murcha
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Bayliss Building M316, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Margaret E Wilson
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, Mailcode 1137, Saint Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Mark Fricker
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Ruediger Hell
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth S Haswell
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, Mailcode 1137, Saint Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Bayliss Building M316, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lee J Sweetlove
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
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42
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Wang W, Gong G, Wang X, Wei-LaPierre L, Cheng H, Dirksen R, Sheu SS. Mitochondrial Flash: Integrative Reactive Oxygen Species and pH Signals in Cell and Organelle Biology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:534-49. [PMID: 27245241 PMCID: PMC5035371 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Recent breakthroughs in mitochondrial research have advanced, reshaped, and revolutionized our view of the role of mitochondria in health and disease. These discoveries include the development of novel tools to probe mitochondrial biology, the molecular identification of mitochondrial functional proteins, and the emergence of new concepts and mechanisms in mitochondrial function regulation. The discovery of "mitochondrial flash" activity has provided unique insights not only into real-time visualization of individual mitochondrial redox and pH dynamics in live cells but has also advanced understanding of the excitability, autonomy, and integration of mitochondrial function in vivo. RECENT ADVANCES The mitochondrial flash is a transient and stochastic event confined within an individual mitochondrion and is observed in a wide range of organisms from plants to Caenorhabditis elegans to mammals. As flash events involve multiple transient concurrent changes within the mitochondrion (e.g., superoxide, pH, and membrane potential), a number of different mitochondrial targeted fluorescent indicators can detect flash activity. Accumulating evidence indicates that flash events reflect integrated snapshots of an intermittent mitochondrial process arising from mitochondrial respiration chain activity associated with the transient opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. CRITICAL ISSUES We review the history of flash discovery, summarize current understanding of flash biology, highlight controversies regarding the relative roles of superoxide and pH signals during a flash event, and bring forth the integration of both signals in flash genesis. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Investigations using flash as a biomarker and establishing its role in cell signaling pathway will move the field forward. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 534-549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Wang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Guohua Gong
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Xianhua Wang
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wei-LaPierre
- 3 Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
| | - Heping Cheng
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China
| | - Robert Dirksen
- 3 Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester, New York
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- 4 Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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43
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Loro G, Wagner S, Doccula FG, Behera S, Weinl S, Kudla J, Schwarzländer M, Costa A, Zottini M. Chloroplast-Specific in Vivo Ca2+ Imaging Using Yellow Cameleon Fluorescent Protein Sensors Reveals Organelle-Autonomous Ca2+ Signatures in the Stroma. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:2317-30. [PMID: 27252306 PMCID: PMC4972287 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, subcellular compartments such as mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and vacuoles have the capacity for Ca(2+) transport across their membranes to modulate the activity of compartmentalized enzymes or to convey specific cellular signaling events. In plants, it has been suggested that chloroplasts also display Ca(2+) regulation. So far, monitoring of stromal Ca(2+) dynamics in vivo has exclusively relied on using the luminescent Ca(2+) probe aequorin. However, this technique is limited in resolution and can only provide a readout averaged over chloroplast populations from different cells and tissues. Here, we present a toolkit of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Ca(2+) sensor lines expressing plastid-targeted FRET-based Yellow Cameleon (YC) sensors. We demonstrate that the probes reliably report in vivo Ca(2+) dynamics in the stroma of root plastids in response to extracellular ATP and of leaf mesophyll and guard cell chloroplasts during light-to-low-intensity blue light illumination transition. Applying YC sensing of stromal Ca(2+) dynamics to single chloroplasts, we confirm findings of gradual, sustained stromal Ca(2+) increases at the tissue level after light-to-low-intensity blue light illumination transitions, but monitor transient Ca(2+) spiking as a distinct and previously unknown component of stromal Ca(2+) signatures. Spiking was dependent on the availability of cytosolic Ca(2+) but not synchronized between the chloroplasts of a cell. In contrast, the gradual sustained Ca(2+) increase occurred independent of cytosolic Ca(2+), suggesting intraorganellar Ca(2+) release. We demonstrate the capacity of the YC sensor toolkit to identify novel, fundamental facets of chloroplast Ca(2+) dynamics and to refine the understanding of plastidial Ca(2+) regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Loro
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Stephan Wagner
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Gandolfo Doccula
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Smrutisanjita Behera
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Stefan Weinl
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Joerg Kudla
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Michela Zottini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy (G.L., F.G.D., S.B., A.C.);Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy, 35131 Padua, Italy (G.L., M.Z.);Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (S.We., J.K.);Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany (S.Wa., M.S.); andInstitute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy (A.C.)
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Lee CP, Millar AH. The Plant Mitochondrial Transportome: Balancing Metabolic Demands with Energetic Constraints. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 21:662-676. [PMID: 27162080 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In plants, mitochondrial function is associated with hundreds of metabolic reactions. To facilitate these reactions, charged substrates and cofactors move across the charge-impermeable inner mitochondrial membrane via specialized transporters and must work cooperatively with the electrochemical gradient which is essential for mitochondrial function. The regulatory framework for mitochondrial metabolite transport is expected to be more complex in plants than in mammals owing to the close metabolic association between mitochondrial, plastids, and peroxisome metabolism, as well as to the major diurnal fluctuations in plant metabolic function. We propose here how recent advances can be integrated towards defining the mitochondrial transportome in plants. We also discuss what this reveals about sustaining cooperativity between bioenergetics, metabolism, and transport in typical and challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Pong Lee
- Australian Reseach Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- Australian Reseach Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia.
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Vajrala VS, Suraniti E, Rigoulet M, Devin A, Sojic N, Arbault S. PDMS microwells for multi-parametric monitoring of single mitochondria on a large scale: a study of their individual membrane potential and endogenous NADH. Integr Biol (Camb) 2016; 8:836-43. [PMID: 27384613 DOI: 10.1039/c6ib00064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microwell arrays have been developed to monitor simultaneously, and on a large scale, multiple metabolic responses of single mitochondria. Wells of 50 to 1000 μm-diameter were prepared based on easy structuration of thin polydimethylsiloxane layers (PDMS; 100 μm thickness). Their surface treatment with oxygen plasma allowed the immobilization in situ and observation with time of populations of single isolated mitochondria. Their metabolic activities could be monitored individually by fluorescence microscopy under several activation/inhibition conditions. We measured the concomitant variations of two main metabolic parameters - the endogenous NADH level and the internal membrane potential difference Δψ owing to a cationic fluorescent probe (TMRM) - at energized, uncoupled and inhibited stages of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Microwell arrays allowed analyses on large populations, and consequently statistical studies with a single organelle resolution. Thus, we observed rapid individual polarizations and depolarizations of mitochondria following their supply with the energetic substrate, while an averaged global polarization (increase of TMRM fluorescence within mitochondria) and NADH increase were detected for the whole population. In addition, statistical correlation studies show that the NADH content of all mitochondria tends toward a metabolic limit and that their polarization-depolarization ability is ubiquitous. These results demonstrate that PDMS microwell platforms provide an innovative approach to better characterize the individual metabolic status of isolated mitochondria, possibly as a function of their cell or organ origin or in different physio-pathological situations.
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Huang S, Van Aken O, Schwarzländer M, Belt K, Millar AH. The Roles of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Cellular Signaling and Stress Response in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:1551-9. [PMID: 27021189 PMCID: PMC4936549 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria produce ATP via respiratory oxidation of organic acids and transfer of electrons to O2 via the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This process produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) at various rates that can impact respiratory and cellular function, affecting a variety of signaling processes in the cell. Roles in redox signaling, retrograde signaling, plant hormone action, programmed cell death, and defense against pathogens have been attributed to ROS generated in plant mitochondria (mtROS). The shortcomings of the black box-idea of mtROS are discussed in the context of mechanistic considerations and the measurement of mtROS The overall aim of this update is to better define our current understanding of mtROS and appraise their potential influence on cellular function in plants. Furthermore, directions for future research are provided, along with suggestions to increase reliability of mtROS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobai Huang
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (S.H., O.V.A., K.B., A.H.M.); andPlant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (S.H., O.V.A., K.B., A.H.M.); andPlant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (S.H., O.V.A., K.B., A.H.M.); andPlant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Katharina Belt
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (S.H., O.V.A., K.B., A.H.M.); andPlant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany (M.S.)
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (S.H., O.V.A., K.B., A.H.M.); andPlant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany (M.S.)
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Wagner S, De Bortoli S, Schwarzländer M, Szabò I. Regulation of mitochondrial calcium in plants versus animals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3809-29. [PMID: 27001920 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) acts as an important cellular second messenger in eukaryotes. In both plants and animals, a wide variety of environmental and developmental stimuli trigger Ca(2+) transients of a specific signature that can modulate gene expression and metabolism. In animals, mitochondrial energy metabolism has long been considered a hotspot of Ca(2+) regulation, with a range of pathophysiology linked to altered Ca(2+) control. Recently, several molecular players involved in mitochondrial Ca(2+) signalling have been identified, including those of the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uniporter. Despite strong evidence for sophisticated Ca(2+) regulation in plant mitochondria, the picture has remained much less clear. This is currently changing aided by live imaging and genetic approaches which allow dissection of subcellular Ca(2+) dynamics and identification of the proteins involved. We provide an update on our current understanding in the regulation of mitochondrial Ca(2+) and signalling by comparing work in plants and animals. The significance of mitochondrial Ca(2+) control is discussed in the light of the specific metabolic and energetic needs of plant and animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Wagner
- Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sara De Bortoli
- Department of Biology and CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology and CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
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48
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Fricker MD, Moger J, Littlejohn GR, Deeks MJ. Making microscopy count: quantitative light microscopy of dynamic processes in living plants. J Microsc 2016; 263:181-91. [PMID: 27145353 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell theory has officially reached 350 years of age as the first use of the word 'cell' in a biological context can be traced to a description of plant material by Robert Hooke in his historic publication 'Micrographia: or some physiological definitions of minute bodies'. The 2015 Royal Microscopical Society Botanical Microscopy meeting was a celebration of the streams of investigation initiated by Hooke to understand at the subcellular scale how plant cell function and form arises. Much of the work presented, and Honorary Fellowships awarded, reflected the advanced application of bioimaging informatics to extract quantitative data from micrographs that reveal dynamic molecular processes driving cell growth and physiology. The field has progressed from collecting many pixels in multiple modes to associating these measurements with objects or features that are meaningful biologically. The additional complexity involves object identification that draws on a different type of expertise from computer science and statistics that is often impenetrable to biologists. There are many useful tools and approaches being developed, but we now need more interdisciplinary exchange to use them effectively. In this review we show how this quiet revolution has provided tools available to any personal computer user. We also discuss the oft-neglected issue of quantifying algorithm robustness and the exciting possibilities offered through the integration of physiological information generated by biosensors with object detection and tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Fricker
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Julian Moger
- Department of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, U.K
| | | | - Michael J Deeks
- Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, U.K
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Wang Y, Lyu W, Berkowitz O, Radomiljac JD, Law SR, Murcha MW, Carrie C, Teixeira PF, Kmiec B, Duncan O, Van Aken O, Narsai R, Glaser E, Huang S, Roessner U, Millar AH, Whelan J. Inactivation of Mitochondrial Complex I Induces the Expression of a Twin Cysteine Protein that Targets and Affects Cytosolic, Chloroplastidic and Mitochondrial Function. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:696-710. [PMID: 26829715 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
At12Cys-1 (At5g64400) and At12Cys-2 (At5g09570) are two closely related isogenes that encode small, twin cysteine proteins, typically located in mitochondria. At12Cys-2 transcript is induced in a variety of mutants with disrupted mitochondrial proteins, but an increase in At12Cys protein is only detected in mutants with reduced mitochondrial complex I abundance. Induction of At12Cys protein in mutants that lack mitochondrial complex I is accompanied by At12Cys protein located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and the cytosol. Biochemical analyses revealed that even single gene deletions, i.e., At12cys-1 or At12cys-2, have an effect on mitochondrial and chloroplast functions. However, only double mutants, i.e., At12cys-1:At12cys-2, affect the abundance of protein and mRNA transcripts encoding translation elongation factors as well as rRNA abundance. Blue native PAGE showed that At12Cys co-migrated with mitochondrial supercomplex I + III. Likewise, deletion of both At12cys-1 and At12cys-2 genes, but not single gene deletions, results in enhanced tolerance to drought and light stress and increased anti-oxidant capacity. The induction and multiple localization of At12Cys upon a reduction in complex I abundance provides a mechanism to specifically signal mitochondrial dysfunction to the cytosol and then beyond to other organelles in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Wenhui Lyu
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Jordan D Radomiljac
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Simon R Law
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Monika W Murcha
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Chris Carrie
- Department of Biology I, Botany, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Strasse 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Pedro F Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beata Kmiec
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Owen Duncan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Reena Narsai
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Elzbieta Glaser
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shaobai Huang
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
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50
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Appenzeller-Herzog C, Bánhegyi G, Bogeski I, Davies KJA, Delaunay-Moisan A, Forman HJ, Görlach A, Kietzmann T, Laurindo F, Margittai E, Meyer AJ, Riemer J, Rützler M, Simmen T, Sitia R, Toledano MB, Touw IP. Transit of H2O2 across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is not sluggish. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:157-60. [PMID: 26928585 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular metabolism provides various sources of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in different organelles and compartments. The suitability of H2O2 as an intracellular signaling molecule therefore also depends on its ability to pass cellular membranes. The propensity of the membranous boundary of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to let pass H2O2 has been discussed controversially. In this essay, we challenge the recent proposal that the ER membrane constitutes a simple barrier for H2O2 diffusion and support earlier data showing that (i) ample H2O2 permeability of the ER membrane is a prerequisite for signal transduction, (ii) aquaporin channels are crucially involved in the facilitation of H2O2 permeation, and (iii) a proper experimental framework not prone to artifacts is necessary to further unravel the role of H2O2 permeation in signal transduction and organelle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabor Bánhegyi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1428, Hungary
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center; and Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA; Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Agnès Delaunay-Moisan
- Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancers, CEA-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Henry Jay Forman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center; and Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Agnes Görlach
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the TU Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90210 Oulu, Finland
| | - Francisco Laurindo
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, CEP 05403-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eva Margittai
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1428, Hungary
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- INRES-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Rützler
- Institute for Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G2H7
| | - Roberto Sitia
- Protein Transport and Secretion Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS, Ospedale San Raffaele/Universita' Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Michel B Toledano
- Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancers, CEA-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Ivo P Touw
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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