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Rom H, Snir Y, Schwartz N, Hodak E, Leshem YA. The association between atopic dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease in adults: A cross-sectional study in a specialized atopic dermatitis clinic. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:1357-1363. [PMID: 38126614 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) share genetic susceptibility loci with immune regulation functions. Atopic dermatitis was associated with IBD mostly in database studies. OBJECTIVE To assess whether AD is associated with an increased prevalence of IBD in a tertiary dermatology clinic. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional analysis using medical records of adults with verified AD followed up at an AD clinic, compared with age- and sex-matched (1:2) controls from the general dermatology clinic in the same hospital. RESULTS Overall, 9/364 (2.47%) of patients with AD had verified IBD, compared with 7/725 (0.97%) of controls (p = 0.0512). In multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, gender and smoking, the association became significant (adjusted OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 1.28-11.85). Stratified for AD severity, only moderate-to-severe AD was associated with IBD (p = 0.035), with an adjusted OR of 4.45 (95% CI: 1.43-13.90). Mild AD was not associated with IBD, but the study was not powered for this sub-analysis. In the AD group, older age was associated with IBD (p = 0.0172). CONCLUSION This study, in a robustly verified cohort of patients, supports an association between AD, especially the moderate-to-severe forms, and IBD. A multidisciplinary approach for patients with moderate-to-severe AD should extend to consider IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rom
- Department of Dermatology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Y Snir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Schwartz
- School of Public Health University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Hodak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Y A Leshem
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
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Zhang P, Xue Y, Cao Z, Guo Y, Pang X, Chen C, Zhang W. Raffinose Ameliorates DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Targeting the Inflammatory TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Foods 2024; 13:1849. [PMID: 38928791 PMCID: PMC11203344 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the protective effects of raffinose (Raf) against inflammatory bowel disease in mice with colitis. Mice were administered 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg Raf for 21 d, followed by drinking-water containing 3% dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) for 3 d. Thereafter, the phenotype, pathological lesions in the colon, cytokines levels, and gut microbiota were evaluated. Treatment with Raf reduced the severity of the pathological changes in the colon, mitigating the reduction in colon length. Following Raf intervention, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) tended to return to normal. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of Raf are associated with a reduction in TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway expression in mouse colonic tissues. Analysis of gut microbiota abundance and its correlation with colitis parameters revealed that DSS-induced dysbiosis was partially mitigated by Raf. In conclusion, Raf exerts a protective effect in colitis by modulating the gut microbiota and TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway.
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Chen Z, Wang H, Tan L, Liu X. Protective Effects of Four Structurally Distinct Sanshools Ameliorate Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring Intestinal Barrier Function and Modulating the Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:153. [PMID: 38397751 PMCID: PMC10886262 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydroxy-α-sanshool (HAS), hydroxy-β-sanshool (HBS), hydroxy-γ-sanshool (HRS), and γ-sanshool (RS) are the key components from the Zanthoxylum genus, processing a range of pharmacological activities. The present study investigated the protective capacities of four sanshools on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced model of ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that sanshool administration alleviated the colitis symptoms by reducing body weight loss and disease activity index (DAI) score, increasing the colon length, and improving colonic injury and the change in immune organ weight. Furthermore, sanshools enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities, and RS exhibited the lowest effect on the improvement in total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) and antioxidant abilities compared to the other three sanshools. The p65 nuclear factor κB (p65 NFκB) signaling pathway was inhibited to prevent hyperactivation and decreased the production of inflammatory factors. The gut barrier function in DSS-induced mice was restored by increasing goblet cell number and levels of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-1), and the levels of protein in HAS and HRS groups were higher than that in the HBS group, significantly. The analysis of gut microbiota suggested that sanshool administration significantly boosted the abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Muribaculaceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Alistipes and reduced the level of Buchnera in colitis mice. Collectively, the sanshool treatment could ameliorate colitis by resisting colon injury and regulating intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota dysbiosis; meanwhile, HRS and HAS have better improvement effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
- Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China (L.T.)
| | - Hui Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China (L.T.)
| | - Lulin Tan
- Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China (L.T.)
| | - Xiong Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
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Alkhaledi AN, Jadaan I, Sharfo MZ, Faysal T, Abdallah Y, Alhaj Ali A. Association of ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis and liver cirrhosis in a young male. JGH Open 2023; 7:731-733. [PMID: 37908297 PMCID: PMC10615164 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis, are chronic autoimmune conditions characterized by inflammation of the digestive system. The exact cause of IBD is unknown, but they often start during adolescence or early adulthood with symptoms such as urgency, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, abdominal pain and tenesmus. Primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis are recognized as co-occurring conditions associated with ulcerative colitis. However, the combination of ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, liver cirrhosis, and celiac disease occurring concurrently has only been reported once before in a female patient. Here, we present the exceptional case of a Syrian adult male with all four of these conditions. This highlights the importance of screening for both celiac disease and cirrhosis in patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis together, despite this combination of comorbidities is rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad N. Alkhaledi
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of MedicineDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Isra Jadaan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of MedicineDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Mohamad Zaher Sharfo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Tala Faysal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Yazane Abdallah
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of MedicineDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
| | - Ahmad Alhaj Ali
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of MedicineDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria
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5
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Paglialunga M, Flamini S, Contini R, Febo M, Ricci E, Ronchetti S, Bereshchenko O, Migliorati G, Riccardi C, Bruscoli S. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Synthetic Peptides Based on Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) Protein for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). Cells 2023; 12:2294. [PMID: 37759516 PMCID: PMC10528232 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, but their clinical effects and long-term use can lead to serious side effects. New drugs that can replace GCs are needed. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) is induced by GCs and mediates many of their anti-inflammatory effects, such as inhibiting the pro-inflammatory molecule NF-κB. The GILZ C-terminal domain (PER region) is responsible for GILZ/p65NF-κB interaction and consequent inhibition of its transcriptional activity. A set of five short peptides spanning different parts of the PER region of GILZ protein was designed, and their anti-inflammatory activity was tested, both in vitro and in vivo. We tested the biological activity of GILZ peptides in human lymphocytic and monocytic cell lines to evaluate their inhibitory effect on the NF-κB-dependent expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Among the tested peptides, the peptide named PEP-1 demonstrated the highest efficacy in inhibiting cell activation in vitro. Subsequently, PEP-1 was further evaluated in two in vivo experimental colitis models (chemically induced by DNBS administration and spontaneous colitis induced in IL-10 knock-out (KO) mice (to assess its effectiveness in counteracting inflammation. Results show that PEP-1 reduced disease severity in both colitis models associated with reduced NF-κB pro-inflammatory activity in colon lamina propria lymphocytes. This study explored GILZ-based 'small peptides' potential efficacy in decreasing lymphocyte activation and inflammation associated with experimental inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Small peptides have several advantages over the entire protein, including higher selectivity, better stability, and bioavailability profile, and are easy to synthesize and cost-effective. Thus, identifying active GILZ peptides could represent a new class of drugs for treating IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musetta Paglialunga
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Sara Flamini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Raffaele Contini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Marta Febo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Erika Ricci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Simona Ronchetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Oxana Bereshchenko
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Graziella Migliorati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Carlo Riccardi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Stefano Bruscoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (S.F.); (R.C.); (M.F.); (E.R.); (S.R.); (G.M.); (C.R.)
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Li J, Li D, Chen Y, Chen W, Xu J, Gao L. Gut Microbiota and Aging: Traditional Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:963-986. [PMID: 37351381 PMCID: PMC10284159 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s414714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing composition of gut microbiota, much like aging, accompanies people throughout their lives, and the inextricable relationship between both has recently attracted extensive attention as well. Modern medical research has revealed that a series of changes in gut microbiota are involved in the aging process of organisms, which may be because gut microbiota modulates aging-related changes related to innate immunity and cognitive function. At present, there is no definite and effective method to delay aging. However, Nobel laureate Tu Youyou's research on artemisinin has inspired researchers to study the importance of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). TCM, as an ancient alternative medicine, has unique advantages in preventive health care and in treating diseases as it already has formed an independent understanding of the aging system. TCM practitioners believe that the mechanism of aging is mainly deficiency, and pathological states such as blood stasis, qi stagnation and phlegm coagulation can exacerbate the process of aging, which involves a series of organs, including the brain, kidney, heart, liver and spleen. Our current understanding of aging has led us to realise that TCM can indeed make some beneficial changes, such as the improvement of cognitive impairment. However, due to the multi-component and multi-target nature of TCM, the exploration of its mechanism of action has become extremely complex. While analysing the relationship between gut microbiota and aging, this review explores the similarities and differences in treatment methods and mechanisms between TCM and Modern Medicine, in order to explore a new approach that combines TCM and Modern Medicine to regulate gut microbiota, improve immunity and delay aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfan Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Diabetes, Licheng District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Care, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Korta A, Kula J, Gomułka K. The Role of IL-23 in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10172. [PMID: 37373318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced mainly by macrophages and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) after antigenic stimulation. IL-23 plays a significant role as a mediator of tissue damage. Indeed, the irregularities in IL-23 and its receptor signaling have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease. IL-23 interacts with both the innate and adaptive immune systems, and IL-23/Th17 appears to be involved in the development of chronic intestinal inflammation. The IL-23/Th17 axis may be a critical driver of this chronic inflammation. This review summarizes the main aspects of IL-23's biological function, cytokines that control cytokine production, effectors of the IL-23 response, and the molecular mechanisms associated with IBD pathogenesis. Although IL-23 modulates and impacts the development, course, and recurrence of the inflammatory response, the etiology and pathophysiology of IBD are not completely understood, but mechanism research shows huge potential for clinical applications as therapeutic targets in IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Korta
- Student Scientific Group of Adult Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Kula
- Student Scientific Group of Adult Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gomułka
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
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Dang Y, Ma C, Chen K, Chen Y, Jiang M, Hu K, Li L, Zeng Z, Zhang H. The Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:905. [PMID: 37371485 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions among diet, intestinal immunity, and microbiota are complex and play contradictory roles in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). An increasing number of studies has shed light on this field. The intestinal immune balance is disrupted by a high-fat diet (HFD) in several ways, such as impairing the intestinal barrier, influencing immune cells, and altering the gut microbiota. In contrast, a rational diet is thought to maintain intestinal immunity by regulating gut microbiota. In this review, we emphasize the crucial contributions made by an HFD to the gut immune system and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunxiang Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiding Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingshan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kehan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Giebfried J, Lorentz A. Relationship between the Biological Clock and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clocks Sleep 2023; 5:260-275. [PMID: 37218867 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep5020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological clock is a molecular oscillator that generates a 24-hour rhythm in accordance with the earth's rotation. Physiological functions and pathophysiological processes such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are closely linked to the molecular clock. This review summarizes 14 studies in humans and mice on the interactions between the biological clock and IBD. It provides evidence that IBD negatively affect core clock gene expression, metabolism and immune functions. On the other hand, disruption of the clock promotes inflammation. Overexpression of clock genes can lead to inhibition of inflammatory processes, while silencing of clock genes can lead to irreversible disease activity. In both human and mouse studies, IBD and circadian rhythms have been shown to influence each other. Further research is needed to understand the exact mechanisms and to develop potential rhythm-related therapies to improve IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Giebfried
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstraße 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Axel Lorentz
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstraße 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Nanthakumar NN, Meng D, Newburg DS. Fucosylated TLR4 mediates communication between mutualist fucotrophic microbiota and mammalian gut mucosa. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1070734. [PMID: 37007789 PMCID: PMC10061023 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1070734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The glycans on the mucosa of suckling mice are predominantly sialylated; upon weaning, fucosylated glycans preponderate. This manifestation of mutualism between fucotrophic bacteria and the mature host utilizes a sentinel receptor in the intestinal mucosa; this receptor was isolated to distinguish its structural and functional features. Design Provisional identification of the sentinel gut receptor as fuc-TLR4 was through colonization of germ-free mutant mice. Conventional mice whose microbiota was depleted with a cocktail of antibiotics were used to further define the nature and functions of fuc-TLR4 sentinel, and to define the role of the fucotrophic microbiota in gut homeostasis and recovery from insult. The nature of the sentinel was confirmed in cultured human HEL cells. Results Fuc-TLR4 activity is distinct from that of TLR4. Activated mucosal fuc-TLR4 induces a fuc-TLR4 dependent non-inflammatory (ERK and JNK dependent, NF-κB independent) signaling cascade, initiating induction of fucosyltransferase 2 (secretor) gene transcription. In vitro, either defucosylation or TLR4 knockdown abrogates FUT2 induction, indicating that fuc-TLR4 activity requires both the peptide and glycan moieties. In vivo, fucose-utilizing bacteria and fucose-binding ligands induce mucosal fucosylation. Activation of this pathway is essential for recovery from chemically induced mucosal injury in vivo. Conclusion In mature mice, fucosyl-TLR4 mediated gut fucosylation creates a niche that supports the healthy fucose-dependent mutualism between the mammalian gut and its fucotrophic microbes. Such microbiota-induced Fuc-TLR4 signaling supports initial colonization of the secretor gut, recovery from dysbiosis, and restoration or preservation of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David S. Newburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School and GI Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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11
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Yamada D, Kojima Y, Hosoya A, Suzuki M, Watabe T, Inoue T, Tsugawa N, Asakawa T, Yonemoto Y, Onizawa M, Nemoto Y, Oshima S, Shimonaka M, Kuba K, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Penninger JM, Watanabe M, Okamoto R, Nagaishi T. Apelin expression is downregulated in T cells in a murine model of chronic colitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 647:72-79. [PMID: 36731336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Apelin (APL), an endogenous ligand for APJ, has been reported to be upregulated in a murine model of acute colitis induced by sodium dextran sulfate, as well as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in humans. However, the mechanisms and functions of APL/APJ axis in the pathogenesis of IBD are unclear. We herein analyzed CD4+ T cells to determine the functions of APL in a murine model of chronic colitis induced in Rag deficient mice (Rag-/-). In colonic tissues of wild-type mice (WT), we found that APL was expressed especially in the lamina propria lymphocytes, where CD4+ T cells are dominant, rather than the epithelial cells. Unexpectedly, the APL expression was rather downregulated in the colonic tissue of the chronic colitis group compared to the control groups (Rag-/- before colitis induction and WT). The APL expression was downregulated when naïve T cells were differentiated into effecter T cells. A lack of APL resulted in decreased naïve T cells and increased effecter T cells in secondary lymphoid organs. A synthetic APL peptide, [Pyr1]-APL-13, increased IL-10 and decreased IFN-γ productions by effecter T cells. Administration of [Pyr1]-APL-13 improved survival rate in association with lessened colitis severity and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production. This is the first report showing immunological function of APL specifically on T cells, and these results indicate that APL/APJ axis may be a novel therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yudai Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Hosoya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Watabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Tsugawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehito Asakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yonemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Onizawa
- Department of Advanced Therapeutics for GI Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Oshima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Keiji Kuba
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Ishida
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Fukamizu
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Bio Center, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Ryuichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagaishi
- Department of Advanced Therapeutics for GI Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Tsai CJY, Loh JMS, Fujihashi K, Kiyono H. Mucosal vaccination: onward and upward. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:885-899. [PMID: 37817433 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2268724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The unique mucosal immune system allows the generation of robust protective immune responses at the front line of pathogen encounters. The needle-free delivery route and cold chain-free logistic requirements also provide additional advantages in ease and economy. However, the development of mucosal vaccines faces several challenges, and only a handful of mucosal vaccines are currently licensed. These vaccines are all in the form of live attenuated or inactivated whole organisms, whereas no subunit-based mucosal vaccine is available. AREAS COVERED The selection of antigen, delivery vehicle, route and adjuvants for mucosal vaccination are highly important. This is particularly crucial for subunit vaccines, as they often fail to elicit strong immune responses. Emerging research is providing new insights into the biological and immunological uniqueness of mucosal tissues. However, many aspects of the mucosal immunology still await to be investigated. EXPERT OPINION This article provides an overview of the current understanding of mucosal vaccination and discusses the remaining knowledge gaps. We emphasize that because of the potential benefits mucosal vaccines can bring from the biomedical, social and economic standpoints, the unmet goal to achieve mucosal vaccine success is worth the effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Y Tsai
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, New Zealand, Auckland
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jacelyn M S Loh
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, New Zealand, Auckland
| | - Kohtaro Fujihashi
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Infectious Disease Vaccine R&D, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Mucosal Vaccines, International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Infectious Disease Vaccine R&D, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- CU-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (cMAV), Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Future Medicine Education and Research Organization, Mucosal Immunology and Allergy Therapeutics, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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13
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Gao F, Liu R, Chen W, Zhao X, Sun Q, Sun X, Li J, Liu C, Ma X. GABA increases susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis in mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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14
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Yu Y, Yang W, Yu T, Zhao X, Zhou Z, Yu Y, Xiong L, Yang H, Bilotta AJ, Yao S, Golovko G, Plasencia A, Quintana FJ, Zhou L, Li Y, Cong Y. Glucose promotes regulatory T cell differentiation to maintain intestinal homeostasis. iScience 2022; 25:105004. [PMID: 36093065 PMCID: PMC9460814 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose, the critical energy source in the human body, is considered a potential risk factor in various autoimmune diseases when consumed in high amounts. However, the roles of glucose at moderate doses in the regulation of autoimmune inflammatory diseases and CD4+ T cell responses are controversial. Here, we show that while glucose at a high concentration (20% w/v) promotes intestinal inflammation, it suppresses colitis at a moderate dose (6% w/v), which increases the proportion of intestinal regulatory T (Treg) cells but does not affect effector CD4+ T cells. Glucose treatment promotes Treg cell differentiation but it does not affect Treg stability. Feeding glucose alters gut microbiota compositions, which are not involved in the glucose induction of Treg cells. Glucose promotes aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation to induce Treg polarization. These findings reveal the different effects of glucose at different doses on the intestinal immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Tianming Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yanbo Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Anthony J. Bilotta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Suxia Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - George Golovko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Agustin Plasencia
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Francisco J. Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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15
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Liu C, Jiang Y, Liu G, Guo Z, Jin Q, Long D, Zhou W, Qian K, Zhao H, Liu K. PPARGC1A affects inflammatory responses in photodynamic therapy (PDT)-treated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115119. [PMID: 35667414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract is a feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Targeting inflammatory signaling represents promising strategy for IBD treatment regimens. METHODS Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model was established in mice. Histopathological examinations were conducted by H&E staining and IHC staining. IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α were tested by ELISA kits. TargetScan was used to predict miRNAs that target PPARGC1A and luciferase activity assay was performed to validate the predicted binding. RESULTS DSS-induced acute colitis model was successfully established in mice; photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment partially improved DSS-induced colonic damages and cell inflammation. Microarray assays and integrative bioinformatics analysis identified PPARG coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) as a significantly differentially-expressed gene in PDT-treated IBD compared with non-treated IBD. PPARGC1A expression was downregulated in IBD clinical samples, DSS-induced colitis mice colons, and DSS-stimulated colonic epithelial cells, whereas partially upregulated by PDT treatment in DSS-stimulated cells. Single DSS stimulation significantly promoted cellular inflammation; PDT partially attenuated, whereas sh-PPARGC1A transduction further enhanced DSS effects on cancer cell inflammation. In colitis mice, DSS decreased PPRA-α and PPRA-γ proteins in mice colons; the in vivo effects of DSS were partially attenuated by PDT treatment, whereas amplified by sh-PPARGC1A transduction. Upstream miR-301a-3p targeted and inhibited PPARGC1A expression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, PPARGC1A, which is downregulated in DSS-induced acute colitis and DSS-stimulated colonic epithelial cells, could be upregulated by PDT treatment. PPARGC1A knockdown could attenuate PDT therapeutic effects on DSS-induced acute colitis and DSS-stimulated colonic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Ganglei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zhushu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Qianqian Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Dongju Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Weihan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Ke Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Kuijie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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16
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Honokiol alleviates ulcerative colitis by targeting PPAR-γ-TLR4-NF-κB signaling and suppressing gasdermin-D-mediated pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109058. [PMID: 35901530 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, idiopathic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease. Honokiol is a major active component of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis, which has been widely used in traditional prescriptions to treat tumors, inflammation, and gastrointestinal disorders. In this study, we investigated the ability of this polyphenolic compound to suppress UC in mice and the possible regulatory mechanism. A mouse model of UC induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in 40 male C57BL/6J mice was used for the in vivo study, and in vitro experiments were performed in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide was used to induce the inflammatory response. The mouse bodyweights, stool consistency, and bleeding were determined and the disease activity indices calculated. RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured with or without either honokiol or lipopolysaccharide. Gene and protein expression was analyzed with RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. GW6471 and GW9662 were used to interrupt the transcription of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Both the in vivo and in vitro experimental results showed that the oral administration of honokiol markedly attenuated the severity of UC by reducing the inflammatory signals and restoring the integrity of the colon. Honokiol dramatically reduced the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL6, IL1β, and IFN-γ in mice with DSS-induced UC. It also upregulated PPAR-γ expression, and downregulated the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, honokiol inhibited gasdermin-D-mediated cell pyroptosis. These findings demonstrate for the first time that honokiol exerts a strong anti-inflammatory effect in a mouse model of UC, and that its underlying mechanism is associated with the activation of the PPAR-γ-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway and gasdermin-D-mediated macrophage pyroptosis. Therefore, honokiol may be a promising new drug for the clinical management of UC.
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17
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Kim JK, Cheon JH. Factors associated with the prescription of probiotics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2022; 40:37-48. [PMID: 35430792 PMCID: PMC9946923 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2022.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Commensal bacteria play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and probiotics have been used as treatment options. We aimed to explore the current use of probiotics and factors associated with their prescription in patients with IBD. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on a single hospital-based cohort. Patients were eligible if they were ≥18 years old, visited the IBD clinic as an outpatient more than twice during the study period, and had a confirmed diagnosis of IBD. Patients were divided into two groups based on the prescription of probiotics. Clinical assessments were compared between the two groups. RESULTS In total, 217 patients were enrolled in this study. In patients with Crohn disease (CD), moderate or severe abdominal pain; prior use of methotrexate (MTX), iron, thiopurines, or biologics; history of IBD-related surgery; and stool frequency were independently associated with the prescription of probiotics. In patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), moderate or severe abdominal pain, hematochezia, stool frequency, and moderate or severe physician global assessment score were independently associated with the prescription of probiotics. CONCLUSION Increased disease activity may be associated with fewer prescriptions of probiotics in patients with IBD. However, physicians prescribed probiotics to control symptoms, such as abdominal pain and increased stool frequency in patients with UC and CD, and hematochezia in patients with UC. Additionally, the use of MTX and iron, and a history of IBD-related surgeries were associated with more frequent probiotic prescriptions in patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding author: Jae Hee Cheon, MD, PhD Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea Tel: +82-2-2228-1990 • Fax: +82-2-393-6884 • E-mail:
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18
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The Combination of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Treatment with Moderate Physical Activity Alleviates the Severity of Experimental Colitis in Obese Mice via Modulation of Gut Microbiota, Attenuation of Proinflammatory Cytokines, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and DNA Oxidative Damage in Colonic Mucosa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062964. [PMID: 35328382 PMCID: PMC8955215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are commonly considered as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, but the possibility that the alterations in gut microbiota and oxidative stress may affect the course of experimental colitis in obese physically exercising mice treated with the intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) has been little elucidated. Mice fed a high-fat-diet (HFD) or normal diet (ND) for 14 weeks were randomly assigned to exercise on spinning wheels (SW) for 7 weeks and treated with IAP followed by intrarectal administration of TNBS. The disease activity index (DAI), grip muscle strength test, oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD, GSH), DNA damage (8-OHdG), the plasma levels of cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17a, TNF-α, MCP-1 and leptin were assessed, and the stool composition of the intestinal microbiota was determined by next generation sequencing (NGS). The TNBS-induced colitis was worsened in obese sedentary mice as manifested by severe colonic damage, an increase in DAI, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA damage and decreased muscle strength. The longer running distance and weight loss was observed in mice given IAP or subjected to IAP + SW compared to sedentary ones. Less heterogeneous microbial composition was noticed in sedentary obese colitis mice and this effect disappeared in IAP + SW mice. Absence of Alistipes, lower proportion of Turicibacter, Proteobacteria and Faecalibacterium, an increase in Firmicutes and Clostridium, a decrease in oxidative stress biomarkers, 8-OHdG content and proinflammatory cytokines were observed in IAP + SW mice. IAP supplementation in combination with moderate physical activity attenuates the severity of murine colitis complicated by obesity through a mechanism involving the downregulation of the intestinal cytokine/chemokine network and oxidative stress, the modulation of the gut microbiota and an improvement of muscle strength.
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19
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Watanabe D, Kamada N. Contribution of the Gut Microbiota to Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn's Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:826240. [PMID: 35198577 PMCID: PMC8859331 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.826240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Crohn's disease (CD), intestinal fibrosis is a critical determinant of a patient's prognosis. Although inflammation may be a prerequisite for the initiation of intestinal fibrosis, research shows that the progression or continuation of intestinal fibrosis can occur independently of inflammation. Thus, once initiated, intestinal fibrosis may persist even if medical treatment controls inflammation. Clearly, an understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of intestinal fibrosis is required to diminish its occurrence. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis. For example, the presence of antibodies against gut microbes can predict which CD patients will have intestinal complications. In addition, microbial ligands can activate intestinal fibroblasts, thereby inducing the production of extracellular matrix. Moreover, in various animal models, bacterial infection can lead to the development of intestinal fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the link between intestinal fibrosis in CD and the gut microbiota. We highlight basic science and clinical evidence that the gut microbiota can be causative for intestinal fibrosis in CD and provide valuable information about the animal models used to investigate intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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20
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Linares R, Francés R, Gutiérrez A, Juanola O. Bacterial Translocation as Inflammatory Driver in Crohn's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:703310. [PMID: 34557484 PMCID: PMC8452966 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.703310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract responsible for intestinal lesions. The multifactorial etiology attributed to CD includes a combination of environmental and host susceptibility factors, which result in an impaired host–microbe gut interaction. Bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis, increased intestinal barrier permeability, and altered inflammatory responses in patients with CD have been described in the past. Those events explain the pathogenesis of luminal translocation of bacteria or its products into the blood, a frequent event in CD, which, in turn, favors a sustained inflammatory response in these patients. In this review, we navigate through the interaction between bacterial antigen translocation, permeability of the intestinal barrier, immunologic response of the host, and genetic predisposition as a combined effect on the inflammatory response observed in CD. Several lines of evidence support that translocation of bacterial products leads to uncontrolled inflammation in CD patients, and as a matter of fact, the presence of gut bacterial genomic fragments at a systemic level constitutes a marker for increased risk of relapse among CD patients. Also, the significant percentage of CD patients who lose response to biologic therapies may be influenced by the translocation of bacterial products, which are well-known drivers of proinflammatory cytokine production by host immune cells. Further mechanistic studies evaluating cellular and humoral immune responses, gut microbiota alterations, and genetic predisposition will help clinicians to better control and personalize the management of CD patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Linares
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Rubén Francés
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana Gutiérrez
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Oriol Juanola
- Translational Research Laboratory, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universitá della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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21
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Kayama H, Okumura R, Takeda K. Interaction Between the Microbiota, Epithelia, and Immune Cells in the Intestine. Annu Rev Immunol 2021; 38:23-48. [PMID: 32340570 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-070119-115104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract harbors numerous commensal bacteria, referred to as the microbiota, that benefit host health by digesting dietary components and eliminating pathogens. The intestinal microbiota maintains epithelial barrier integrity and shapes the mucosal immune system, balancing host defense and oral tolerance with microbial metabolites, components, and attachment to host cells. To avoid aberrant immune responses, epithelial cells segregate the intestinal microbiota from immune cells by constructing chemical and physical barriers, leading to the establishment of host-commensal mutualism. Furthermore, intestinal immune cells participate in the maintenance of a healthy microbiota community and reinforce epithelial barrier functions. Perturbations of the microbiota composition are commonly observed in patients with autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory disorders. An understanding of the intimate interactions between the intestinal microbiota, epithelial cells, and immune cells that are crucial for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis might promote advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Kayama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; , , .,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryu Okumura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; , , .,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takeda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; , , .,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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22
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Colonic macrophage-targeted curcumin nanoparticles alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice through the NF-kappa B pathway. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Ghandikota S, Sharma M, Jegga AG. Secondary analysis of transcriptomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection models to characterize COVID-19. PATTERNS 2021; 2:100247. [PMID: 33842903 PMCID: PMC8020120 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Standard transcriptomic analyses alone have limited power in capturing the molecular mechanisms driving disease pathophysiology and outcomes. To overcome this, unsupervised network analyses are used to identify clusters of genes that can be associated with distinct molecular mechanisms and outcomes for a disease. In this study, we developed an integrated network analysis framework that integrates transcriptional signatures from multiple model systems with protein-protein interaction data to find gene modules. Through a meta-analysis of different enriched features from these gene modules, we extract communities of highly interconnected features. These clusters of higher-order features, working as a multifeatured machine, enable collective assessment of their contribution for disease or phenotype characterization. We show the utility of this workflow using transcriptomics data from three different models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and identify several pathways and biological processes that could enable understanding or hypothesizing molecular signatures inducing pathophysiological changes, risks, or sequelae of COVID-19. Defined a consensus gene signature across three models of SARS-CoV-2 infection Characterized subnetworks of host proteins interacting with SARS-CoV-2 proteome Integrated a wide range of COVID-19 and related data to build functional modules Identified gene functional modules that can further the understanding of COVID-19
This study is based on the premise that combining information from multiple layers of data can result in new biologically interpretable associations in several ways. The underlying and unifying theme of this study is data integration, data mining, and meta-analysis for pattern detection that supports knowledge discovery and generation of hypotheses. The methods and the workflow used are disease agnostic and can be applied to any disease or phenotype that has multiple models and heterogeneous data elements. By integrating and joint analysis of several heterogeneous data types (multiple disease models, viral-host protein interaction data, single-cell RNA-sequencing data, protein-protein interactions, and genome-wide association study data), gene functional modules are identified that can have direct bearing on furthering the understanding of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Mihika Sharma
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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24
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ICOS ligand and IL-10 synergize to promote host-microbiota mutualism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2018278118. [PMID: 33753483 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018278118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified ICOSLG, which encodes the inducible costimulator ligand (ICOSLG or ICOSL) as a susceptibility locus for inflammatory bowel disease. ICOSL has been implicated in the enhancement of pattern recognition receptor signaling in dendritic cells, induction of IL-10 production by CD4 T cells, and the generation of high-affinity antibodies to specific antigens-all of which can potentially explain its involvement in gastrointestinal inflammation. Here, we show that murine ICOSL deficiency results in significant enrichment of IL-10-producing CD4 T cells particularly in the proximal large intestine. Transient depletion of IL-10-producing cells from adult ICOSL-deficient mice induced severe colonic inflammation that was prevented when mice were first treated with metronidazole. ICOSL-deficient mice displayed reduced IgA and IgG antibodies in the colon mucus and impaired serum antibody recognition of microbial antigens, including flagellins derived from mucus-associated bacteria of the Lachnospiraceae family. Confirming the synergy between ICOSL and IL-10, ICOSL deficiency coupled with CD4-specific deletion of the Il10 gene resulted in juvenile onset colitis that was impeded when pups were fostered by ICOSL-sufficient dams. In this setting, we found that both maternally acquired and host-derived antibodies contribute to the life anti-commensal antibody repertoire that mediates this protection in early life. Collectively, our findings reveal a partnership between ICOSL-dependent anti-commensal antibodies and IL-10 in adaptive immune regulation of the microbiota in the large intestine. Furthermore, we identify ICOSL deficiency as an effective platform for exploring the functions of anti-commensal antibodies in host-microbiota mutualism.
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25
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Walrath T, Dyamenahalli KU, Hulsebus HJ, McCullough RL, Idrovo JP, Boe DM, McMahan RH, Kovacs EJ. Age-related changes in intestinal immunity and the microbiome. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:1045-1061. [PMID: 33020981 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ri0620-405rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a vitally important site for the adsorption of nutrients as well as the education of immune cells. Homeostasis of the gut is maintained by the interplay of the intestinal epithelium, immune cells, luminal Ags, and the intestinal microbiota. The well-being of the gut is intrinsically linked to the overall health of the host, and perturbations to this homeostasis can have severe impacts on local and systemic health. One factor that causes disruptions in gut homeostasis is age, and recent research has elucidated how critical systems within the gut are altered during the aging process. Intestinal stem cell proliferation, epithelial barrier function, the gut microbiota, and the composition of innate and adaptive immune responses are all altered in advanced age. The aging population continues to expand worldwide, a phenomenon referred to as the "Silver Tsunami," and every effort must be made to understand how best to prevent and treat age-related maladies. Here, recent research about changes observed in the intestinal epithelium, the intestinal immune system, the microbiota, and how the aging gut interacts with and influences other organs such as the liver, lung, and brain are reviewed. Better understanding of these age-related changes and their impact on multi-organ interactions will aid the development of therapies to increase the quality of life for all aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Walrath
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kiran U Dyamenahalli
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Holly J Hulsebus
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rebecca L McCullough
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Juan-Pablo Idrovo
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Devin M Boe
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rachel H McMahan
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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26
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Zhao Y, Yang Y, Zhang J, Wang R, Cheng B, Kalambhe D, Wang Y, Gu Z, Chen D, Wang B, Huang Y. Lactoferrin-mediated macrophage targeting delivery and patchouli alcohol-based therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1966-1976. [PMID: 33163347 PMCID: PMC7606100 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are the incurable chronic recurrent gastrointestinal disorders and currently lack in safe and effective drugs. In this study, patchouli alcohol, a main active compound of traditional Chinese herb patchouli, was developed into biomimetic liposomes for macrophage-targeting delivery for IBD treatment. The developed lactoferrin-modified liposomes (LF-lipo) can specifically bind to LRP-1 expressed on the activated colonic macrophages and achieve cell-targeting anti-inflammatory therapy. LF-lipo reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and ROS and suppressed the MAPK/NF-κB pathway. LF-lipo also suppressed the formation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the consequent IL-1β activation. LF-lipo showed improved therapeutic efficacy in a DSS-induced colitis murine model, evidenced by the reduced disease activity index, the improved colon functions, and the downregulated inflammatory cytokines in the colon. LF-lipo provided an effective and safe macrophage-targeting delivery and therapeutic strategy for addressing the unmet medical need in IBD management.
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27
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Zhang H, Zheng Y, Pan Y, Lin C, Wang S, Yan Z, Lu L, Ge G, Li J, Zeng YA, Chen J. A mutation that blocks integrin α 4β 7 activation prevents adaptive immune-mediated colitis without increasing susceptibility to innate colitis. BMC Biol 2020; 18:64. [PMID: 32522281 PMCID: PMC7288534 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00784-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background β7 integrins are responsible for the efficient recruitment of lymphocytes from the blood and their retention in gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Integrin α4β7 binds MAdCAM-1, mediating rolling adhesion of lymphocytes on blood vessel walls when inactive and firm adhesion when activated, thereby controlling two critical steps of lymphocyte homing to the gut. By contrast, integrin αEβ7 mediates the adhesion of lymphocytes to gut epithelial cells by interacting with E-cadherin. Integrin β7 blocking antibodies have shown efficacy in clinical management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, fully blocking β7 function leads to the depletion of colonic regulatory T (Treg) cells and exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by evoking aberrant innate immunity, implying its potential adverse effect for IBD management. Thus, a better therapeutic strategy targeting integrin β7 is required to avoid this adverse effect. Results Herein, we inhibited integrin α4β7 activation in vivo by creating mice that carry in their integrin β7 gene a mutation (F185A) which from structural studies is known to lock α4β7 in its resting state. Lymphocytes from β7-F185A knock-in (KI) mice expressed α4β7 integrins that could not be activated by chemokines and showed significantly impaired homing to the gut. The β7-F185A mutation did not inhibit αEβ7 activation, but led to the depletion of αEβ7+ lymphocytes in the spleen and a significantly reduced population of αEβ7+ lymphocytes in the gut of KI mice. β7-F185A KI mice were resistant to T cell transfer-induced chronic colitis, but did not show an increased susceptibility to DSS-induced innate colitis, the adverse effect of fully blocking β7 function. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that specific inhibition of integrin α4β7 activation is a potentially better strategy than fully blocking α4β7 function for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Youdong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Changdong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhanjun Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, the First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, 169 GongYuan Road, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Ling Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Yi Arial Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 YueYang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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28
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Shahir NM, Wang JR, Wolber EA, Schaner MS, Frank DN, Ir D, Robertson CE, Chaumont N, Sadiq TS, Koruda MJ, Rahbar R, Nix BD, Newberry RD, Sartor RB, Sheikh SZ, Furey TS. Crohn's Disease Differentially Affects Region-Specific Composition and Aerotolerance Profiles of Mucosally Adherent Bacteria. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1843-1855. [PMID: 32469069 PMCID: PMC7676424 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal microbiota play a key role in the onset, progression, and recurrence of Crohn disease (CD). Most microbiome studies assay fecal material, which does not provide region-specific information on mucosally adherent bacteria that directly interact with host systems. Changes in luminal oxygen have been proposed as a contributor to CD dybiosis. METHODS The authors generated 16S rRNA data using colonic and ileal mucosal bacteria from patients with CD and without inflammatory bowel disease. We developed profiles reflecting bacterial abundance within defined aerotolerance categories. Bacterial diversity, composition, and aerotolerance profiles were compared across intestinal regions and disease phenotypes. RESULTS Bacterial diversity decreased in CD in both the ileum and the colon. Aerotolerance profiles significantly differed between intestinal segments in patients without inflammatory bowel disease, although both were dominated by obligate anaerobes, as expected. In CD, high relative levels of obligate anaerobes were maintained in the colon and increased in the ileum. Relative abundances of similar and distinct taxa were altered in colon and ileum. Notably, several obligate anaerobes, such as Bacteroides fragilis, dramatically increased in CD in one or both intestinal segments, although specific increasing taxa varied across patients. Increased abundance of taxa from the Proteobacteria phylum was found only in the ileum. Bacterial diversity was significantly reduced in resected tissues of patients who developed postoperative disease recurrence across 2 independent cohorts, with common lower abundance of bacteria from the Bacteroides, Streptococcus, and Blautia genera. CONCLUSIONS Mucosally adherent bacteria in the colon and ileum show distinct alterations in CD that provide additional insights not revealed in fecal material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur M Shahir
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Genetics, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeremy R Wang
- Department of Genetics, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - E Ashley Wolber
- Department of Medicine, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew S Schaner
- Department of Medicine, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel N Frank
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Diana Ir
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Charles E Robertson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nicole Chaumont
- Department of Surgery, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy S Sadiq
- Department of Surgery, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark J Koruda
- Department of Surgery, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Reza Rahbar
- Department of Surgery, REX Healthcare of Wakefield, Wakefield, North Carolina, USA
| | - B Darren Nix
- Division of Gastroenterology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rodney D Newberry
- Division of Gastroenterology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Medicine, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shehzad Z Sheikh
- Department of Genetics, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Medicine, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Terrence S Furey
- Department of Genetics, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Biology, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Address correspondence to: Terrence S. Furey, PhD, Departments of Genetics and Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5022 Genetic Medicine Building, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 ()
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29
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Li S, Takasu C, Lau H, Robles L, Vo K, Farzaneh T, Vaziri ND, Stamos MJ, Ichii H. Dimethyl Fumarate Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis, through the Activation of Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040354. [PMID: 32344663 PMCID: PMC7222424 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). A previous study has demonstrated that dimethyl fumarate (DMF) protects mice from dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis via its potential antioxidant capacity, and by inhibiting the activation of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. This study aims to clarify the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE) pathway pharmacological activation and anti-inflammatory effect by DMF, through focusing on other crucial antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory mediator, including glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. The oral administration of DMF attenuated the shortening of colons and alleviated colonic inflammation. Furthermore, the expression of key antioxidant enzymes, including GCLC and GPX, in the colonic tissue were significantly increased by DMF administration. In addition, protein expression of the inflammatory mediator, COX-2, was reduced by DMF administration. Our results suggest that DMF alleviates DSS-induced colonic inflammatory damage, likely via up-regulating GCLC and GPX and down-regulating COX-2 protein expression in colonic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Li
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (S.L.); (C.T.); (H.L.); (L.R.); (K.V.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Chie Takasu
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (S.L.); (C.T.); (H.L.); (L.R.); (K.V.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Hien Lau
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (S.L.); (C.T.); (H.L.); (L.R.); (K.V.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Lourdes Robles
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (S.L.); (C.T.); (H.L.); (L.R.); (K.V.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Kelly Vo
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (S.L.); (C.T.); (H.L.); (L.R.); (K.V.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Ted Farzaneh
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA;
| | | | - Michael J. Stamos
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (S.L.); (C.T.); (H.L.); (L.R.); (K.V.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Hirohito Ichii
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (S.L.); (C.T.); (H.L.); (L.R.); (K.V.); (M.J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-714-456-8590; Fax: +1-714-456-8796
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30
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Xia Y, Chen Y, Wang G, Yang Y, Song X, Xiong Z, Zhang H, Lai P, Wang S, Ai L. Lactobacillus plantarum AR113 alleviates DSS-induced colitis by regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and gut microbiota composition. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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31
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Usp18 Expression in CD169 + Macrophages is Important for Strong Immune Response after Vaccination with VSV-EBOV. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010142. [PMID: 32210083 PMCID: PMC7157200 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus epidemics can be effectively limited by the VSV-EBOV vaccine (Ervebo) due to its rapid protection abilities; however, side effects prevent the broad use of VSV-EBOV as vaccine. Mechanisms explaining the efficient immune activation after single injection with the VSV-EBOV vaccine remain mainly unknown. Here, using the clinically available VSV-EBOV vaccine (Ervebo), we show that the cell-intrinsic expression of the interferon-inhibitor Usp18 in CD169+ macrophages is one important factor modulating the anti-Ebola virus immune response. The absence of Usp18 in CD169+ macrophages led to the reduced local replication of VSV-EBOV followed by a diminished innate as well as adaptive immune response. In line, CD169-Cre+/ki x Usp18fl/fl mice showed reduced innate and adaptive immune responses against the VSV wildtype strain and died quickly after infection, suggesting that a lack of Usp18 makes mice more susceptible to the side effects of the VSV vector. In conclusion, our study shows that Usp18 expression in CD169+ macrophages is one important surrogate marker for effective vaccination against VSV-EBOV, and probably other VSV-based vaccines also.
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32
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Chang S, Parker GA, Kleinschmidt SE, Olsen GW, Ley CA, Taiwo OA. A Pathology Review of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract in Relation to Ulcerative Colitis in Rats and Cynomolgus Macaques Treated With Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate. Toxicol Pathol 2020; 48:593-602. [PMID: 32186254 DOI: 10.1177/0192623320911606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Among many short-term, subchronic, and chronic toxicology studies with ammonium perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), the gastrointestinal tract has not been identified as a target organ for PFOA-related toxicity in laboratory animals where the corresponding serum PFOA concentrations typically approach several orders of magnitude higher than the general human population. These lack of gastrointestinal tract-related findings were in direct contrast to an epidemiological observation where a positive trend was observed for ulcerative colitis, an idiopathic chronic inflammatory condition of the gut, in a Mid-Ohio River community whose drinking water contained higher levels of PFOA. This study was conducted to perform a histological reevaluation of large intestine sections in laboratory animals from 2 long-term toxicological studies: one was with Sprague Dawley rats that received ammonium PFOA in their diet for 2 years and the other one was with cynomolgus macaques that received daily capsules of ammonium PFOA for 6 months. In both studies, there was a lack of histological evidence of treatment-related inflammatory lesions that was suggestive of the occurrence of ulcerative colitis in these laboratory animals even under the most rigorous treatment schedules. These findings do not offer support for the biological plausibility of the epidemiological associations reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George A Parker
- Charles River Laboratories, Pathology Associates, Durham, NC, USA
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory condition primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract. It includes Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and a less common phenotype-indeterminate colitis. It is thought to result from a complex interplay of environmental, microbial, and host factors including genetic factors, although the exact mechanism is not known. Dietary factors have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of IBD and can potentially alter the intestinal microbiota as well as disrupt the immune function in the gut. CD is characterized by transmural inflammation, sometimes associated with granulomatous lesions, and involves the entire gastrointestinal tract but often spares the rectum. UC is characterized by mucosal inflammation typically confined to the colon and rectum. Although IBD is mostly seen in western world, recent data suggests that the incidence and prevalence are increasing worldwide. Enteral nutrition has been shown to be effective in inducing remission in pediatric population with CD; however, there is mixed data in adult population. Nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin D and zinc deficiency are often noted in IBD patients. Several extraintestinal manifestations are noted in patients with IBD. Some of them parallel with the disease activity and others are independent of the disease course. Assessment of IBD disease activity clinically, radiologically, if indicated, biochemically and endoscopically is important to guide therapy in IBD. To ensure comprehensive care, it is important to assess associated conditions such as nutritional and psychological well-being, as well as age appropriate health maintenance status prior to starting treatment for IBD. Several biologic agents including anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-α) drugs, anti-integrins, and antibodies to the p40 subunit of IL12/23 are approved for induction and maintenance of remission of IBD. Steroids are also often used for induction. Anti-metabolites and thiopurines are also useful either as monotherapy or in combination regimens. Potential side effects of anti-TNF-α drugs such as serious infections, malignancy, worsening of heart failure, and infusion-related reactions should be considered prior to starting these drugs. Anti-TNF-α drugs with or without immunomodulators (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate) are often used for the induction and maintenance of remission. Treating to target of endoscopic and clinical remission provides the best long-term outcomes. Our knowledge and understanding of IBD has grown significantly. However, there are several unanswered questions on pathogenesis, disease behavior, and drivers of inflammation in various patient subgroups which require further research.
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Hsu CC, Patil K, Seamons A, Brabb TL, Treuting PM, Paik J, Meeker SM, Maggio-Price L. Lack of Effect of Murine Norovirus Infection on the CD4 + CD45RB high T-cell Adoptive Transfer Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Comp Med 2020; 70:16-24. [PMID: 31937392 PMCID: PMC7024779 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-19-000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Murine norovirus (MNV) infection is highly prevalent in laboratory mice. Although MNV infection does not typically induce clinical disease in most laboratory mice, infection may nonetheless affect mouse models of disease by altering immune responses. We previously reported that MNV altered the bacterial-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using Helicobacter-infected Mdr1a-/- mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that MNV infection would exacerbate another mouse model of IBD, the T-cell adoptive transfer (AT) model. In this model, Helicobacter infection is used to accelerate the progression of IBD induced by AT of naïve CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells into B6.129S7- Rag1tm1Mom/J (Rag1-/-) mice. We evaluated the effects of MNV infection in both Helicobacter-accelerated as well as Helicobacter-free AT models. In our studies, Helicobacter-infected Rag1-/- mice that received CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells through AT rapidly developed weight loss and typhlocolitis; MNV infection had no effect on disease severity or rate of progression. In the absence of Helicobacter infection, progression of IBD caused by AT of CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells was slower and typhlocolitis was less severe; this inflammation likewise was unaltered by MNV infection. These results indicate that MNV infection does not alter IBD progression and severity in the CD4+CD45RBhigh T-cell AT model in Rag1-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie C Hsu
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;,
| | | | - Audrey Seamons
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Thea L Brabb
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Piper M Treuting
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jisun Paik
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stacey M Meeker
- University Laboratory Animal Resources, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lillian Maggio-Price
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Okabayashi S, Kobayashi T, Hibi T. Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Japan-Is It Similar to or Different from Westerns? J Anus Rectum Colon 2020; 4:1-13. [PMID: 32002471 PMCID: PMC6989123 DOI: 10.23922/jarc.2019-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, the most common types of inflammatory bowel disease, are idiopathic, intractable disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the intestine. In recent years, studies elucidating the clinical characteristics of these diseases and basic researches have suggested that the diseases are induced by the immunological abnormalities through the involvement of environmental factors with their predisposition. In Japan, significant progress of basic and epidemiological researches has been developed for these diseases and the clinical guidelines have been established. However, no fundamental treatment for these diseases has been established yet. The current number of patients in Japan continues to increase, with at least 180,000 patients suffering from ulcerative colitis and 40,000 suffering from Crohn's disease. Thus, further studies are required to understand these diseases and improve medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Okabayashi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Kobayashi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Hibi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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Newman KM, Vaughn BP. Efficacy of intestinal microbiota transplantation in ulcerative colitis: a review of current literature and knowledge. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 2020; 65. [DOI: 10.23736/s1121-421x.19.02610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Takemura A, Egawa T, Tanaka T, Kuramoto T, Hayashi T, Ishihara A. Effects of Exposure to Mild Hyperbaric Oxygen on DSS-Induced Colonic Inflammation and Diarrhea in Rats. J Inflamm Res 2019; 12:293-299. [PMID: 31754309 PMCID: PMC6824205 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s220586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In rodents, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced diarrhea and colonic inflammation have similar symptoms to those of ulcerative colitis in humans. We examined the effects of exposure to mild hyperbaric oxygen (MHO) at an atmospheric pressure of 1317 hPa with 40% oxygen on DSS-induced diarrhea and colonic inflammation in rats. Methods Five-week-old male Kyoto Apc Delta (KAD) rats (n = 12) were administered 2% DSS through drinking water for 1 week. Subsequently, DSS-treated male rats were not subjected to any further treatment (n = 6) or exposed to MHO (n = 6) for 2 weeks. Age-matched KAD rats not subjected to DSS treatment or exposed to MHO were used as the control group (n = 6). Results Control rats did not exhibit diarrhea and colonic inflammation. However, DSS-treated rats exhibited diarrhea and colonic inflammation, regardless of exposure to MHO. Exposure to MHO for 2 weeks led to decreased incidence of diarrhea in DSS-treated rats (p < 0.05). Exposure to MHO had no effect on colonic inflammation in DSS-treated rats (p = 0.12). Conclusion Exposure to MHO for 2 weeks can improve diarrhea but cannot attenuate colonic inflammation, possibly due to the short exposure duration (2 weeks) used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Takemura
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Egawa
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuramoto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi 243-0034, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Klaassen MAY, Imhann F, Collij V, Fu J, Wijmenga C, Zhernakova A, Dijkstra G, Festen EAM, Gacesa R, Vich Vila A, Weersma RK. Anti-inflammatory Gut Microbial Pathways Are Decreased During Crohn's Disease Exacerbations. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:1439-1449. [PMID: 31066440 PMCID: PMC7142399 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Crohn's disease [CD] is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterised by alternating periods of exacerbation and remission. We hypothesised that changes in the gut microbiome are associated with CD exacerbations, and therefore aimed to correlate multiple gut microbiome features to CD disease activity. METHODS Faecal microbiome data generated using whole-genome metagenomic shotgun sequencing of 196 CD patients were of obtained from the 1000IBD cohort [one sample per patient]. Patient disease activity status at time of sampling was determined by re-assessing clinical records 3 years after faecal sample production. Faecal samples were designated as taken 'in an exacerbation' or 'in remission'. Samples taken 'in remission' were further categorised as 'before the next exacerbation' or 'after the last exacerbation', based on the exacerbation closest in time to the faecal production date. CD activity was correlated with gut microbial composition and predicted functional pathways via logistic regressions using MaAsLin software. RESULTS In total, 105 bacterial pathways were decreased during CD exacerbation (false-discovery rate [FDR] <0.1) in comparison with the gut microbiome of patients both before and after an exacerbation. Most of these decreased pathways exert anti-inflammatory properties facilitating the biosynthesis and fermentation of various amino acids [tryptophan, methionine, and arginine], vitamins [riboflavin and thiamine], and short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs]. CONCLUSIONS CD exacerbations are associated with a decrease in microbial genes involved in the biosynthesis of the anti-inflammatory mediators riboflavin, thiamine, and folate, and SCFAs, suggesting that increasing the intestinal abundances of these mediators might provide new treatment opportunities. These results were generated using bioinformatic analyses of cross-sectional data and need to be replicated using time-series and wet lab experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein A Y Klaassen
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Imhann
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie Collij
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora A M Festen
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ranko Gacesa
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arnau Vich Vila
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands,University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands,Corresponding author: R. K. Weersma, MD, PhD, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands. Tel.: +316 41132824; Fax 050 361 9306;
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Zhu F, Liu XX, Fan H. Role of NLRP6 in inflammatory bowel disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:1076-1082. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i17.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The symptoms of IBD are prone to recurrent episodes, and there is currently limited treatment and efficacy. Recently, there have been many studies showing that the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing the pyrin domain containing protein (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 6, NLRP6) regulates intestinal immunity and microorganisms in inflammatory bowel disease and related tumors. NLRP6 promotes the secretion of interleukin (IL)-18 and antimicrobial peptides, and IL-18 can inhibit the production of IL-22BP, enhance the role of IL-22, and promote the proliferation of epithelial cells through the MyD88 pathway. NLRP6 also regulates the secretion of mucoprotein 2 by goblet cells via Toll-like receptors, clears intestinal bacteria, regulates intestinal immune function, and maintains intestinal flora. Because IBD is associated with a tendency of malignant transformation, and researchers have found that NLRP6 can act on NOTCH and Wnt, activate chemokine ligand 5 and IL-6 signaling, regulate epithelial cell proliferation, and affect the development of IBD-related colorectal cancer. This article reviews the role of NLRP6 in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
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Choi SH, Lee SH, Kim MG, Lee HJ, Kim GB. Lactobacillus plantarum CAU1055 ameliorates inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells and a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis animal model. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:6718-6725. [PMID: 31155246 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-16197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to screen lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for their anti-inflammatory activity by using RAW264.7 cells and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. In all, 192 LAB strains were isolated from healthy human feces, of which 8 strains showed excellent nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity. Peptidoglycan extracts of these 8 LAB strains were subjected to NO assay, Western blot, and ELISA. Among the 8 tested strains, extracts of 4 strains significantly inhibited the production of NO, related enzyme activities such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2, and key cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. The 4 strains belonged to Lactobacillus (CAU1054, CAU1055, CAU1064, and CAU1301). Oral administration of the 4 strains inhibited DSS-induced body weight loss, colon shortening, and colon damage in ICR mice. The colon tissue of the mice treated with Lactobacillus plantarum strain CAU1055 had significantly reduced levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6. We found that strain CAU1055 could be used as a candidate probiotic strain for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Further studies are warranted to confirm the mechanisms of interaction between peptidoglycan of L. plantarum strain CAU1055 and upstream cellular signaling mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hae Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Min Gon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hong Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea.
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea.
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Yu W, Su X, Chen W, Tian X, Zhang K, Guo G, Zhou L, Zeng T, Han B. Three types of gut bacteria collaborating to improve Kui Jie’an enema treat DSS-induced colitis in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Wang L, Tang H, Wang C, Hu Y, Wang S, Shen L. Aquaporin 4 deficiency alleviates experimental colitis in mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:8935-8944. [PMID: 31034776 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802769rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) 4 is expressed in the basolateral membrane of colonic epithelial cells, and the purpose of this study was to explore the mechanistic role of AQP4 in experimental colitis. Experimental colitis was induced in AQP4 knockout (AQP4-/-) CD-1 mice and AQP4 wild-type (AQP4wt) mice by oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Experimental colitis was clinically established. Compared with AQP4wt mice, AQP4-/- mice showed increased tolerance to DSS-induced experimental colitis, including lesser degree of weight loss, diarrhea and bleeding, lower disease activity index scores, longer colon lengths, and lesser histologic scores. DSS-treated AQP4-/- mice had lower serum levels of IL-6 and TNF, higher IL-10 level, and lesser inflammatory cell infiltration. DSS-treated AQP4-/- mice also had lower immunostaining of NF-κB p65 as well as nuclear levels of p65 and phosphorylated p65. Sequencing of 16S rRNA indicated that DSS-treated AQP4-/- mice maintained intestinal microbial diversity and had higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and greater relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae species. These results suggested for the first time that AQP4 deficiency alleviates experimental colitis in mice. Our study helps to understand the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, and blocking AQP4 may represent a novel therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis.-Wang, L., Tang, H., Wang, C., Hu, Y., Wang, S., Shen, L. Aquaporin 4 deficiency alleviates experimental colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Wang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhuan Hu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shoulin Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lizong Shen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Porter CK, Riddle MS, Gutierrez RL, Princen F, Strauss R, Telesco SE, Torres J, Choung RS, Laird RM, Leon F, Colombel JF, Murray JA. Cohort profile of the PRoteomic Evaluation and Discovery in an IBD Cohort of Tri-service Subjects (PREDICTS) study: Rationale, organization, design, and baseline characteristics. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2019; 14:100345. [PMID: 30989149 PMCID: PMC6446072 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) remains currently unknown but evidence would suggest that it results from a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility genes, the intestinal microbiome and the environment, resulting in an increased response towards microbial and self-antigens, followed by the development of pre-clinical intestinal inflammation as a precursor to overt clinical disease. Efforts are needed to provide insights into the characterization of the disease, the possible prediction of complications, and the detection of a pre-clinical disease state where, through early screening and intervention, disease course can be reversed, attenuated or even prevented. A consortium of academic, industry and governmental organization investigators initiated this study to enable an assessment of pre-disease biomarkers in patients newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Participants A retrospective cohort of 1000 UC and 1000 CD cases with 500 matched controls was drawn from an active duty US military personnel population with relevant inclusion criteria with three associated pre-disease and a single disease-associated archived serum samples. Findings to date The PREDICTS study has been established as a biorepository platform study to perform novel discovery and analysis efforts in the field of IBD and proteomic systems biology. Future plans This study is poised to enable the assessment of novel biomarkers within the serum compartment to be analyzed with the goal of identifying pre-disease signals that ultimately predict disease risk, and further elucidate disease pathogenesis in the early stages of the disease process, and identify novel exposures that increase disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad K Porter
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Mark S Riddle
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ramiro L Gutierrez
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Rick Strauss
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | - Joana Torres
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Rok Seon Choung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Renee M Laird
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Jean-Frédéric Colombel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Joseph A Murray
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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M'Koma AE. The Multifactorial Etiopathogeneses Interplay of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Overview. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2019; 1:75-105. [PMID: 37577036 PMCID: PMC10416806 DOI: 10.3390/gidisord1010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal system where inflammatory bowel disease occurs is central to the immune system where the innate and the adaptive/acquired immune systems are balanced in interactions with gut microbes under homeostasis conditions. This article overviews the high-throughput research screening on multifactorial interplay between genetic risk factors, the intestinal microbiota, urbanization, modernization, Westernization, the environmental influences and immune responses in the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease in humans. Inflammatory bowel disease is an expensive multifactorial debilitating disease that affects thousands new people annually worldwide with no known etiology or cure. The conservative therapeutics focus on the established pathology where the immune dysfunction and gut injury have already happened but do not preclude or delay the progression. Inflammatory bowel disease is evolving globally and has become a global emergence disease. It is largely known to be a disease in industrial-urbanized societies attributed to modernization and Westernized lifestyle associated with environmental factors to genetically susceptible individuals with determined failure to process certain commensal antigens. In the developing nations, increasing incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with rapid urbanization, modernization and Westernization of the population. In summary, there are identified multiple associations to host exposures potentiating the landscape risk hazards of inflammatory bowel disease trigger, that include: Western life-style and diet, host genetics, altered innate and/or acquired/adaptive host immune responses, early-life microbiota exposure, change in microbiome symbiotic relationship (dysbiosis/dysbacteriosis), pollution, changing hygiene status, socioeconomic status and several other environmental factors have long-standing effects/influence tolerance. The ongoing multipronged robotic studies on gut microbiota composition disparate patterns between the rural vs. urban locations may help elucidate and better understand the contribution of microbiome disciplines/ecology and evolutionary biology in potentially protecting against the development of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amosy E M'Koma
- Meharry Medical College School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Colon and Rectal Surgery, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS), Arlington Heights, IL 60005, USA
- The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Townsend CM, Parker CE, MacDonald JK, Nguyen TM, Jairath V, Feagan BG, Khanna R. Antibiotics for induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 2:CD012730. [PMID: 30731030 PMCID: PMC6366891 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012730.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several antibiotics have been evaluated in Crohn's disease (CD), however randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have produced conflicting results. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of antibiotics for induction and maintenance of remission in CD. SEARCH METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, the Cochrane IBD Group Specialized Register and Clinicaltrials.gov database from inception to 28 February 2018. We also searched reference lists and conference proceedings. SELECTION CRITERIA RCTs comparing antibiotics to placebo or an active comparator in adult (> 15 years) CD patients were considered for inclusion. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors screened search results and extracted data. Bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The primary outcomes were failure to achieve clinical remission and relapse. Secondary outcomes included clinical response, endoscopic response, endoscopic remission, endoscopic relapse, histologic response, histologic remission, adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, withdrawal due to AEs and quality of life. Remission is commonly defined as a Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) of < 150. Clinical response is commonly defined as a decrease in CDAI from baseline of 70 or 100 points. Relapse is defined as a CDAI > 150. For studies that enrolled participants with fistulizing CD, response was defined as a 50% reduction in draining fistulas. Remission was defined as complete closure of fistulas. We calculated the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for dichotomous outcomes. We calculated the mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% CI for continuous outcomes. GRADE was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. MAIN RESULTS Thirteen RCTs (N = 1303 participants) were eligible. Two trials were rated as high risk of bias (no blinding). Seven trials were rated as unclear risk of bias and four trials were rated as low risk of bias. Comparisons included ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) versus placebo, rifaximin (800 to 2400 mg daily) versus placebo, metronidazole (400 mg to 500 mg twice daily) versus placebo, clarithromycin (1 g/day) versus placebo, cotrimoxazole (960 mg twice daily) versus placebo, ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) and metronidazole (250 mg four time daily) versus methylprednisolone (0.7 to 1 mg/kg daily), ciprofloxacin (500 mg daily), metronidazole (500 mg daily) and budesonide (9 mg daily) versus placebo with budesonide (9 mg daily), ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) versus mesalazine (2 g twice daily), ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) with adalimumab versus placebo with adalimumab, ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) with infliximab versus placebo with infliximab, clarithromycin (750 mg daily) and antimycobacterial versus placebo, and metronidazole (400 mg twice daily) and cotrimoxazole (960 mg twice daily) versus placebo. We pooled all antibiotics as a class versus placebo and antibiotics with anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) versus placebo with anti-TNF.The effect of individual antibiotics on CD was generally uncertain due to imprecision. When we pooled antibiotics as a class, 55% (289/524) of antibiotic participants failed to achieve remission at 6 to 10 weeks compared with 64% (149/231) of placebo participants (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.98; 7 studies; high certainty evidence). At 10 to 14 weeks, 41% (174/428) of antibiotic participants failed to achieve a clinical response compared to 49% (93/189) of placebo participants (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.93; 5 studies; moderate certainty evidence). The effect of antibiotics on relapse in uncertain. Forty-five per cent (37/83) of antibiotic participants relapsed at 52 weeks compared to 57% (41/72) of placebo participants (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.47; 2 studies; low certainty evidence). Relapse of endoscopic remission was not reported in the included studies. Antibiotics do not appear to increase the risk of AEs. Thirty-eight per cent (214/568) of antibiotic participants had at least one adverse event compared to 45% (128/284) of placebo participants (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.02; 9 studies; high certainty evidence). The effect of antibiotics on serious AEs and withdrawal due to AEs was uncertain. Two per cent (6/377) of antibiotic participants had at least one adverse event compared to 0.7% (1/143) of placebo participants (RR 1.70, 95% CI 0.29 to 10.01; 3 studies; low certainty evidence). Nine per cent (53/569) of antibiotic participants withdrew due to AEs compared to 12% (36/289) of placebo participants (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.29; 9 studies; low certainty evidence) is uncertain. Common adverse events in the studies included gastrointestinal upset, upper respiratory tract infection, abscess formation and headache, change in taste and paraesthesiaWhen we pooled antibiotics used with anti-TNF, 21% (10/48) of patients on combination therapy failed to achieve a clinical response(50% closure of fistulas) or remission (closure of fistulas) at week 12 compared with 36% (19/52) of placebo and anti-TNF participants (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.10; 2 studies; low certainty evidence). These studies did not assess the effect of antibiotics and anti-TNF on clinical or endoscopic relapse. Seventy-seven per cent (37/48) of antibiotics and anti-TNF participants had an AE compared to 83% (43/52) of anti-TNF and placebo participants (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.12; 2 studies, moderate certainty evidence). The effect of antibiotics and anti-TNF on withdrawal due to AEs is uncertain. Six per cent (3/48) of antibiotics and anti-TNF participants withdrew due to an AE compared to 8% (4/52) of anti-TNF and placebo participants (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.19 to 3.45; 2 studies, low certainty evidence). Common adverse events included nausea, vomiting, upper respiratory tract infections, change in taste, fatigue and headache AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Moderate to high quality evidence suggests that any benefit provided by antibiotics in active CD is likely to be modest and may not be clinically meaningful. High quality evidence suggests that there is no increased risk of adverse events with antibiotics compared to placebo. The effect of antibiotics on the risk of serious adverse events is uncertain. The effect of antibiotics on maintenance of remission in CD is uncertain. Thus, no firm conclusions regarding the efficacy and safety of antibiotics for maintenance of remission in CD can be drawn. More research is needed to determine the efficacy and safety of antibiotics as therapy in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire E Parker
- Robarts Clinical Trials100 Dundas Street, Suite 200LondonONCanadaN6A 5B6
| | - John K MacDonald
- University of Western OntarioDepartment of MedicineLondonONCanada
- Robarts Clinical TrialsCochrane IBD Group100 Dundas Street, Suite 200LondonONCanadaN6A 5B6
| | - Tran M Nguyen
- Robarts Clinical TrialsCochrane IBD Group100 Dundas Street, Suite 200LondonONCanadaN6A 5B6
| | - Vipul Jairath
- University of Western OntarioDepartment of MedicineLondonONCanada
- University of Western OntarioDepartment of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsLondonONCanada
| | - Brian G Feagan
- University of Western OntarioDepartment of MedicineLondonONCanada
- Robarts Clinical TrialsCochrane IBD Group100 Dundas Street, Suite 200LondonONCanadaN6A 5B6
- University of Western OntarioDepartment of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsLondonONCanada
| | - Reena Khanna
- University of Western OntarioDepartment of MedicineLondonONCanada
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46
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Erdmann P, Bruckmueller H, Martin P, Busch D, Haenisch S, Müller J, Wiechowska-Kozlowska A, Partecke LI, Heidecke CD, Cascorbi I, Drozdzik M, Oswald S. Dysregulation of Mucosal Membrane Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Ulcerative Colitis. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:1035-1046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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47
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Lavoie S, Conway KL, Lassen KG, Jijon HB, Pan H, Chun E, Michaud M, Lang JK, Gallini Comeau CA, Dreyfuss JM, Glickman JN, Vlamakis H, Ananthakrishnan A, Kostic A, Garrett WS, Xavier RJ. The Crohn's disease polymorphism, ATG16L1 T300A, alters the gut microbiota and enhances the local Th1/Th17 response. eLife 2019; 8:39982. [PMID: 30666959 PMCID: PMC6342529 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is driven by dysfunction between host genetics, the microbiota, and immune system. Knowledge gaps remain regarding how IBD genetic risk loci drive gut microbiota changes. The Crohn's disease risk allele ATG16L1 T300A results in abnormal Paneth cells due to decreased selective autophagy, increased cytokine release, and decreased intracellular bacterial clearance. To unravel the effects of ATG16L1 T300A on the microbiota and immune system, we employed a gnotobiotic model using human fecal transfers into ATG16L1 T300A knock-in mice. We observed increases in Bacteroides ovatus and Th1 and Th17 cells in ATG16L1 T300A mice. Association of altered Schaedler flora mice with B. ovatus specifically increased Th17 cells selectively in ATG16L1 T300A knock-in mice. Changes occur before disease onset, suggesting that ATG16L1 T300A contributes to dysbiosis and immune infiltration prior to disease symptoms. Our work provides insight for future studies on IBD subtypes, IBD patient treatment and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Lavoie
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Kara L Conway
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Kara G Lassen
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Humberto B Jijon
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Hui Pan
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Monia Michaud
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Jessica K Lang
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Carey Ann Gallini Comeau
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | | | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States
| | - Hera Vlamakis
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ashwin Ananthakrishnan
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Aleksander Kostic
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States.,Department and Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States
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48
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Abstract
Lymphocytes are an important component of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. T cells in particular are potent inducers of inflammation in this disease as well as recurrent players in chronic lesion formation. Here we describe a method for adoptive transfer colitis in mice, which serves as a T cell-based model of inflammatory bowel disease. Adoptive transfer utilizes naïve CD4+ T cells that are administered to immunodeficient mice, which then induce a chronic pancolitis. Here, protocols are provided for the isolation and purification of naïve CD4+ T cells, as well as proper administration to test mice and important points to consider in monitoring disease progression and potential downstream applications. This method provides a way to target the contribution of T cells to IBD models, as well as providing a repeatable and physiologically relevant model of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Eden
- Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA.
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49
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Shen P, Zhang Z, Zhu K, Cao H, Liu J, Lu X, Li Y, Jing Y, Yuan X, Fu Y, Cao Y, Zhang N. Evodiamine prevents dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis via the regulation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:786-795. [PMID: 30554117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO), an extraction from the traditional Chinese medicine Evodia rutaecarpa, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and other pharmacological activities. However, the effectiveness of EVO to relieve dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been evaluated. In this study, the protective effects and mechanisms of EVO on DSS-induced UC mice were investigated. The results indicated that treatment with EVO ameliorated DSS-induced UC mice body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI), colon length shortening, colonic pathological damage, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was also significantly inhibited by EVO. Further mechanistic results showed that EVO restrained the inflammation by regulating NF-κB signal and NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, results also showed that EVO contributed to the tight junction (TJ) architecture integrity by modulating the expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin during colitis. Surprisingly, treatment with EVO reduced the concentration of plasmatic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and re-balanced the levels of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus. These findings suggested that EVO may have a potential protective effect on DSS-induced colitis and may be useful for the prevention and treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zecai Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key laboratory for Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyang Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuxi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongguo Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Casey KM, Johnson AL, Hunrath MN, Fraser JK, McCowan NC, Wasson K, Doty RA, Griffey SM, Imai DM. Proliferative Typhlocolitis With Multinucleated Giant Cells: A Nonspecific Enteropathy in Immunodeficient Sentinel Mice. Vet Pathol 2018; 56:157-168. [PMID: 30222063 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818798106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beginning in 2015, athymic nude sentinel mice from conventional, medium-, and high-security facilities presented to the Comparative Pathology Laboratory (CPL) with weight loss, diarrhea, and/or rectal prolapse. Regardless of whether clinical signs were present or absent, the gross observation of ceco-colonic thickening corresponded histologically to pleocellular typhlocolitis with mucosal hyperplasia and lamina proprial multinucleated cells. A subset of affected sentinels exhibited granulomatous serositis and hepatosplenic necrosis with multinucleated cells. Initial suspicion of mouse hepatitis virus infection was excluded by polymerase chain reaction, electron microscopy, and serology. Multinucleated giant cells were confirmed as macrophages by positive immunoreactivity to Mac-3 and Iba-1 and negative immunoreactivity to pancytokeratin. From conventional and medium-security facilities, Helicobacter species were identified in 40 of 143 (27.9%) mice, with H. hepaticus accounting for 72.5% of identified Helicobacter species. Other agents included opportunistic bacterial infection (41/145, 28.3%), murine norovirus (16/106, 15.1%), and pinworms (2/146, 1.4%). From high-security facilities, only Enterobacter cloacae was identified (2/13, 15.4%), and no evidence of Helicobacter sp., murine norovirus, or pinworms was present. No potentially infectious disease agent(s) was identified in 71 of 146 (48.6%) affected nude sentinels from conventional and medium-security facilities and 11 of 13 (84.6%) affected nude sentinels from high-security facilities. No statistically significant differences in histologic lesion scores were identified between Helicobacter-positive and Helicobacter-negative mice. Thus, proliferative typhlocolitis with multinucleated giant cells was considered a nonspecific histologic pattern associated with a variety of primary and opportunistic pathogens in athymic nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerriann M Casey
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,2 Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amanda L Johnson
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Melea N Hunrath
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jenelle K Fraser
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nicole C McCowan
- 3 Campus Veterinary Services, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Wasson
- 4 Office of Research and Economic Development, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephen M Griffey
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Denise M Imai
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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