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Di Virgilio F, Vultaggio-Poma V, Tarantini M, Giuliani AL. Overview of the role of purinergic signaling and insights into its role in cancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 262:108700. [PMID: 39111410 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Innovation of cancer therapy has received a dramatic acceleration over the last fifteen years thanks to the introduction of the novel immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). On the other hand, the conspicuous scientific knowledge accumulated in purinergic signaling since the early seventies is finally being transferred to the clinic. Several Phase I/II clinical trials are currently underway to investigate the effect of drugs interfering with purinergic signaling as stand-alone or combination therapy in cancer. This is supporting the novel concept of "purinergic immune checkpoint" (PIC) in cancer therapy. In the present review we will address a) the basic pharmacology and cell biology of the purinergic system; b) principles of its pathophysiology in human diseases; c) implications for cell death, cell proliferation and cancer; d) novel molecular tools to investigate nucleotide homeostasis in the extracellular environment; e) recent developments in the pharmacology of P1, P2 receptors and related ecto-enzymes; f) P1 and P2 ligands as novel diagnostic tools; g) current issues in PIC-based anti-cancer therapy. This review will provide an appraisal of the current status of purinergic signaling in cancer and will help identify future avenues of development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mario Tarantini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy
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2
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Bouzari B, Chugaeva UY, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. Immunometabolites in viral infections: Action mechanism and function. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29807. [PMID: 39037069 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between viral pathogens and host metabolism plays a pivotal role in determining the outcome of viral infections. Upon viral detection, the metabolic landscape of the host cell undergoes significant changes, shifting from oxidative respiration via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to increased aerobic glycolysis. This metabolic shift is accompanied by elevated nutrient accessibility, which is vital for cell function, development, and proliferation. Furthermore, depositing metabolites derived from fatty acids, TCA intermediates, and amino acid catabolism accelerates the immunometabolic transition, facilitating pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial responses. Immunometabolites refer to small molecules involved in cellular metabolism regulating the immune response. These molecules include nutrients, such as glucose and amino acids, along with metabolic intermediates and signaling molecules adenosine, lactate, itaconate, succinate, kynurenine, and prostaglandins. Emerging evidence suggests that immunometabolites released by immune cells establish a complex interaction network within local niches, orchestrating and fine-tuning immune responses during viral diseases. However, our current understanding of the immense capacity of metabolites to convey essential cell signals from one cell to another or within cellular compartments remains incomplete. Unraveling these complexities would be crucial for harnessing the potential of immunometabolites in therapeutic interventions. In this review, we discuss specific immunometabolites and their mechanisms of action in viral infections, emphasizing recent findings and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bouzari
- Department of Pathology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Uliana Y Chugaeva
- Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Crowe S, Liu Y, Zhao X, Scheller HV, Keasling JD. Advances in Engineering Nucleotide Sugar Metabolism for Natural Product Glycosylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:1589-1599. [PMID: 38820348 PMCID: PMC11197093 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a ubiquitous modification present across all of biology, affecting many things such as physicochemical properties, cellular recognition, subcellular localization, and immunogenicity. Nucleotide sugars are important precursors needed to study glycosylation and produce glycosylated products. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a potentially powerful platform for producing glycosylated biomolecules, but it lacks nucleotide sugar diversity. Nucleotide sugar metabolism is complex, and understanding how to engineer it will be necessary to both access and study heterologous glycosylations found across biology. This review overviews the potential challenges with engineering nucleotide sugar metabolism in yeast from the salvage pathways that convert free sugars to their associated UDP-sugars to de novo synthesis where nucleotide sugars are interconverted through a complex metabolic network with governing feedback mechanisms. Finally, recent examples of engineering complex glycosylation of small molecules in S. cerevisiae are explored and assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha
A. Crowe
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- California
Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Joint
BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Yuzhong Liu
- California
Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Joint
BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Xixi Zhao
- California
Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Joint
BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Henrik V. Scheller
- Joint
BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Environmental
Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Plant and Microbial Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jay D. Keasling
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- California
Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Joint
BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division
of Biological Systems and Engineering, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Center
for Biosustainability, Technical University
of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Center
for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute
of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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4
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Parke S, Gude K, Roth K, Messina F. Efficacy and safety of eliapixant in endometriosis-associated pelvic pain: the randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2b SCHUMANN study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:353. [PMID: 38890641 PMCID: PMC11186168 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SCHUMANN study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the selective P2 × 3 antagonist eliapixant in patients with endometriosis-associated pelvic pain (EAPP). METHODS SCHUMANN was a randomized, placebo- and active comparator-controlled, double-blind to placebo and open-label to comparator, parallel-group, multicenter, dose-finding phase 2b study. The participants were women with surgically diagnosed endometriosis who fulfilled defined EAPP criteria. Participants were randomized 1:1:1:1 to twice daily (BID) 25 mg, 75 mg, or 150 mg oral eliapixant or a placebo for 12 weeks. An exploratory once-daily elagolix 150 mg treatment group was also included. The primary endpoint was the absolute change in mean worst EAPP from baseline to the end of intervention (EOI). RESULTS Overall, 215 participants were randomized for treatment (44 to eliapixant 25 mg, 44 to eliapixant 75 mg, 43 to eliapixant 150 mg, 43 to a placebo, and 41 to elagolix 150 mg). For safety reasons, the study was terminated early; both treatment and enrollment stopped immediately, producing less than 50% of the planned number of completers. The study found no significant differences in EAPP reduction from baseline between groups and no significant dose-response model. The elagolix 150 mg group showed better pain reduction than any of the other groups. No new safety signals were observed, relative to the previously known safety profile of eliapixant, which was generally well tolerated. However, one case of moderate and probably drug-induced liver injury in a participant receiving eliapixant 150 mg BID supported the association between eliapixant and a potential increase in liver function values, defined before the start of the phase 2 program. CONCLUSIONS This study did not meet its primary objective as no statistically significant or clinically relevant differences in changes of mean worst EAPP from baseline were observed between treatment groups. The single observed case of moderate, probably drug-induced liver injury was the second case in the eliapixant phase 2 program conducted in the following indications: refractory or unexplained chronic cough, diabetic neuropathic pain, overactive bladder, and EAPP. Due to this, the benefit-risk ratio for the study was no longer considered to be positive. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04614246; registered November 3, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Parke
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Katrin Roth
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
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Qiu X, Hu XM, Tang XX, Huang CH, Jian HH, Lin DH. Metabolic adaptations of Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 in deep-sea high-pressure environments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:170. [PMID: 38265689 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The deep-sea environment is an extremely difficult habitat for microorganisms to survive in due to its intense hydrostatic pressure. However, the mechanisms by which these organisms adapt to such extreme conditions remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the metabolic adaptations of Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01, a cold and stress-tolerant microorganism isolated from deep-sea sediments, in response to high-pressure conditions. YLB-01 cells were cultured at normal atmospheric pressure and 28 ℃ until they reached the stationary growth phase. Subsequently, the cells were exposed to either normal pressure or high pressure (30 MPa) at 4 ℃ for 7 days. Using NMR-based metabolomic and proteomic analyses of YLB-01 cells exposed to high-pressure conditions, we observed significant metabolic changes in several metabolic pathways, including amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. In particular, the high-pressure treatment stimulates cell division and triggers the accumulation of UDP-glucose, a critical factor in cell wall formation. This finding highlights the adaptive strategies used by YLB-01 cells to survive in the challenging high-pressure environments of the deep sea. Specifically, we discovered that YLB-01 cells regulate amino acid metabolism, promote carbohydrate metabolism, enhance cell wall synthesis, and improve cell membrane fluidity in response to high pressure. These adaptive mechanisms play essential roles in supporting the survival and growth of YLB-01 in high-pressure conditions. Our study offers valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic adaptation of deep-sea microorganisms to high-pressure environments. KEY POINTS: • NMR-based metabolomic and proteomic analyses were conducted on Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 to investigate the significant alterations in several metabolic pathways in response to high-pressure treatment. • YLB-01 cells used adaptive strategies (such as regulated amino acid metabolism, promoted carbohydrate metabolism, enhanced cell wall synthesis, and improved cell membrane fluidity) to survive in the challenging high-pressure environment of the deep sea. • High-pressure treatment stimulated cell division and triggered the accumulation of UDP-glucose, a critical factor in cell wall formation, in Microbacterium sediminis YLB-01 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Min Hu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xi-Xiang Tang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.
| | - Cai-Hua Huang
- Research and Communication Center of Exercise and Health, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua-Hua Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Hai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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6
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Zhang JZ, Shi NR, Wu JS, Wang X, Illes P, Tang Y. UDP-glucose sensing P2Y 14R: A novel target for inflammation. Neuropharmacology 2023; 238:109655. [PMID: 37423482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose (UDP-G) as a preferential agonist, but also other UDP-sugars, such as UDP galactose, function as extracellular signaling molecules under conditions of cell injury and apoptosis. Consequently, UDP-G is regarded to function as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), regulating immune responses. UDP-G promotes neutrophil recruitment, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines. As a potent endogenous agonist with the highest affinity for the P2Y14 receptor (R), it accomplishes an exclusive relationship between P2Y14Rs in regulating inflammation via cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) pathways. In this review, we initially present a brief introduction into the expression and function of P2Y14Rs in combination with UDP-G. Subsequently, we summarize emerging roles of UDP-G/P2Y14R signaling pathways that modulate inflammatory responses in diverse systems, and discuss the underlying mechanisms of P2Y14R activation in inflammation-related diseases. Moreover, we also refer to the applications as well as effects of novel agonists/antagonists of P2Y14Rs in inflammatory conditions. In conclusion, due to the role of the P2Y14R in the immune system and inflammatory pathways, it may represent a novel target for anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Zhou Zhang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Nan-Rui Shi
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Jia-Si Wu
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Xin Wang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Peter Illes
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, 04107, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yong Tang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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7
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Li K, Zhou P, Li J, Cheng Y, Li S, Wang Y, Jiang W, Bai Y, Cao H, Wang D. Upregulation of P2Y14 receptor in neutrophils promotes inflammation after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2023:121805. [PMID: 37236604 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P2Y14 receptor is expressed in neutrophils and is involved in activation of inflammatory signaling. However, the expression and function of P2Y14 receptor in neutrophils after myocardial infarction/reperfusion (MIR) injury remain to be elucidated. METHODS In this research, rodent and cellular models of MIR were used to detect the involvement and function of P2Y14 receptor, as well as the regulation of inflammatory signaling via P2Y14 receptor in neutrophils post-MIR. RESULTS In the early stage post MIR, the expression of P2Y14 receptor was upregulated in CD4+Ly-6G+ neutrophils. Additionally, the expression of P2Y14 receptor was highly induced in neutrophils subjected to uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose (UDP-Glu), which is proven to be secreted by cardiomyocytes during ischemia and reperfusion. Our results also showed the beneficial role of P2Y14 receptor antagonist PPTN in counteracting inflammation via promoting polarization of neutrophils to N2 phenotype in the infarct area of the heart tissue after MIR. CONCLUSION These findings prove that the P2Y14 receptor is involved in the regulation of inflammation in the infarct area after MIR, and establish a novel signaling pathway concerning the interplay between cardiomyocytes and neutrophils in the heart tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunsheng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, NanFang hospital, Southern Medical University, GuangZhou 515000, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yongqing Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Weipeng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Longgang District, Shenzhen 518111, PR China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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8
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Central Sugar Metabolism and the Cell Wall. mBio 2022; 13:e0210422. [PMID: 36094091 PMCID: PMC9600152 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02104-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus is recognized for its versatile cell wall when it comes to remodeling its components in adaptation to external threats, and this remodeling renders it refractory to antifungals targeting cell wall biosynthesis. A specific role for general sugar metabolism in the regulation of the synthesis of cell wall polymers has been previously demonstrated. Delving deeper into central sugar metabolism may reveal unexpected fundamental aspects in cell wall construction, as shown by the work of Zhou and coworkers (Y. Zhou, K. Yan, Q. Qin, O.G. Raimi, et al., mBio 13:e01426-22, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.01426-22) on the roles of the phosphoglucose isomerase of A. fumigatus in cell wall biosynthesis.
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Belardin LB, Légaré C, Sullivan R, Belleannée C, Breton S. Expression of the pro-inflammatory P2Y14 receptor in the non-vasectomized and vasectomized human epididymis. Andrology 2022; 10:1522-1539. [PMID: 36029226 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasectomy causes spermatozoa accumulation in the epididymis, which may cause epididymitis. Inflammation is triggered by alert molecules released following tissue stress or injury. These include UDP-glucose, which activates the pro-inflammatory P2Y14 receptor (P2Y14), and induces immune cell recruitment. However, little is known about P2Y14 in the epididymis and its potential activation following vasectomy. OBJECTIVES (i) to localize P2Y14 in the human excurrent duct; and (ii) to examine the effect of vasectomy on P2Y14 protein and P2RY14 mRNA content, the production of selected cytokines and chemokines, and immune cell recruitment in the epididymis. MATERIAL AND METHODS in situ hybridization, qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed in banked human epididymis samples. RESULTS P2RY14 mRNA and P2Y14 protein were detected in epithelial cells in the efferent duct, epididymis and vas deferens in non-vasectomized men. Keratin 5 (KRT5)-positive basal cells were strongly labeled for P2Y14 in all epididymal segments. A progressive apical localization was detected in principal cells (negative for the proton pump V-ATPase) from the corpus to the cauda. A subset of V-ATPase-positive clear cells also showed strong P2Y14 labeling. Vasectomy induced an increase in P2RY14 mRNA in the corpus and cauda, and stronger apical labeling in principal cells in the corpus. CXCL10 mRNA increased in the cauda and CCL2 mRNA decreased in the corpus of vasectomized versus non-vasectomized men. No change in IL-8 and IL-1β mRNA was detected. Numerous CD45+ leukocytes were detected in the interstitium of the corpus and cauda following vasectomy, while only a few were seen in non-vasectomized men. Several CD45+ leukocytes, some of which containing spermatozoa, were detected in the corpus lumen following vasectomy. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our study indicates that vasectomy-induced spermatozoa congestion may lead to an inflamed-prone local environment characterized by potential activation of P2Y14 and recruitment of immune cells in the epididymis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Berloffa Belardin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, and Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Légaré
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, and Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Robert Sullivan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, and Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Clémence Belleannée
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, and Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Breton
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, and Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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10
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Mederacke I, Filliol A, Affo S, Nair A, Hernandez C, Sun Q, Hamberger F, Brundu F, Chen Y, Ravichandra A, Huebener P, Anke H, Shi H, de la Torre RAMG, Smith JR, Henderson NC, Vondran FWR, Rothlin CV, Baehre H, Tabas I, Sancho-Bru P, Schwabe RF. The purinergic P2Y14 receptor links hepatocyte death to hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrogenesis in the liver. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabe5795. [PMID: 35385339 PMCID: PMC9436006 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe5795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis contributes to ~45% of deaths in western countries. In chronic liver disease, fibrosis is a major factor determining outcomes, but efficient antifibrotic therapies are lacking. Although platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-β constitute key fibrogenic mediators, they do not account for the well-established link between cell death and fibrosis in the liver. Here, we hypothesized that damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) may link epithelial cell death to fibrogenesis in the injured liver. DAMP receptor screening identified purinergic receptor P2Y14 among several candidates as highly enriched in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the main fibrogenic cell type of the liver. Conversely, P2Y14 ligands uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP)-glucose and UDP-galactose were enriched in hepatocytes and were released upon different modes of cell death. Accordingly, ligand-receptor interaction analysis that combined proteomic and single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed P2Y14 ligands and P2Y14 receptor as a link between dying cells and HSCs, respectively. Treatment with P2Y14 ligands or coculture with dying hepatocytes promoted HSC activation in a P2Y14-dependent manner. P2Y14 ligands activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling in HSCs, resulting in ERK-dependent HSC activation. Global and HSC-selective P2Y14 deficiency attenuated liver fibrosis in multiple mouse models of liver injury. Functional expression of P2Y14 was confirmed in healthy and diseased human liver and human HSCs. In conclusion, P2Y14 ligands and their receptor constitute a profibrogenic DAMP pathway that directly links cell death to fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Aveline Filliol
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Silvia Affo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ajay Nair
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Celine Hernandez
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Current affiliation: Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Qiuyan Sun
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Florian Hamberger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Francesco Brundu
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Aashreya Ravichandra
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Current affiliation: Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Huebener
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Current affiliation: First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helena Anke
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Current affiliation: Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, 30625 Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hongxue Shi
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Raquel A. Martínez García de la Torre
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - James R. Smith
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Neil C. Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Florian W. R. Vondran
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Carla V. Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Heike Baehre
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Physiology; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert F. Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Agarwal S, Sudhini YR, Polat OK, Reiser J, Altintas MM. Renal cell markers: lighthouses for managing renal diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F715-F739. [PMID: 34632812 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00182.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys, one of the vital organs in our body, are responsible for maintaining whole body homeostasis. The complexity of renal function (e.g., filtration, reabsorption, fluid and electrolyte regulation, and urine production) demands diversity not only at the level of cell types but also in their overall distribution and structural framework within the kidney. To gain an in depth molecular-level understanding of the renal system, it is imperative to discern the components of kidney and the types of cells residing in each of the subregions. Recent developments in labeling, tracing, and imaging techniques have enabled us to mark, monitor, and identify these cells in vivo with high efficiency in a minimally invasive manner. In this review, we summarize different cell types, specific markers that are uniquely associated with those cell types, and their distribution in the kidney, which altogether make kidneys so special and different. Cellular sorting based on the presence of certain proteins on the cell surface allowed for the assignment of multiple markers for each cell type. However, different studies using different techniques have found contradictions in cell type-specific markers. Thus, the term "cell marker" might be imprecise and suboptimal, leading to uncertainty when interpreting the data. Therefore, we strongly believe that there is an unmet need to define the best cell markers for a cell type. Although the compendium of renal-selective marker proteins presented in this review is a resource that may be useful to researchers, we acknowledge that the list may not be necessarily exhaustive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Onur K Polat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
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12
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Qian C, Wu Z, Sun R, Yu H, Zeng J, Rao Y, Li Y. Localization, proteomics, and metabolite profiling reveal a putative vesicular transporter for UDP-glucose. eLife 2021; 10:65417. [PMID: 34269178 PMCID: PMC8373376 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicular neurotransmitter transporters (VNTs) mediate the selective uptake and enrichment of small-molecule neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles (SVs) and are therefore a major determinant of the synaptic output of specific neurons. To identify novel VNTs expressed on SVs (thus identifying new neurotransmitters and/or neuromodulators), we conducted localization profiling of 361 solute carrier (SLC) transporters tagging with a fluorescent protein in neurons, which revealed 40 possible candidates through comparison with a known SV marker. We parallelly performed proteomics analysis of immunoisolated SVs and identified seven transporters in overlap. Ultrastructural analysis further supported that one of the transporters, SLC35D3, localized to SVs. Finally, by combining metabolite profiling with a radiolabeled substrate transport assay, we identified UDP-glucose as the principal substrate for SLC35D3. These results provide new insights into the functional role of SLC transporters in neurotransmission and improve our understanding of the molecular diversity of chemical transmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Rongbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Huasheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
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13
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Foster PS, Tay HL, Hogan SP. Uridine diphosphate-glucose/P2Y14R axis is a nonchemokine pathway that selectively promotes eosinophil accumulation. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:147735. [PMID: 33792564 DOI: 10.1172/jci147735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by dysregulated type 2 immune responses, including degranulating airway eosinophils that induce tissue damage and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The type 2 cytokines interleukin 5 (IL-5) and IL-13 and the eosinophil-specific chemokine CCL11/CCL24/CCL26 axis recruit, activate, and regulate eosinophils in the airways. In this issue of the JCI, Karcz et al. identified a mechanism involving the nucleotide sugar UDP-glucose (UDP-G) and the purinergic receptor P2Y14R in amplifying eosinophil accumulation in the lung. During type 2 inflammation, UDP-G activates P2Y14R on eosinophils, inducing the cells to move and migrate into the lung. Pharmacologically or genetically inhibiting P2Y14R on eosinophils attenuated eosinophil infiltration and AHR. Future experiments, including identifying additional type 2 factors regulating P2Y14R expression on lung eosinophils, are necessary to ascertain the impact of targeting P2Y14R as an alternative or adjunctive therapy to current type 2 biologics for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Foster
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, and Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hock L Tay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, and Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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Karcz TP, Whitehead GS, Nakano K, Nakano H, Grimm SA, Williams JG, Deterding LJ, Jacobson KA, Cook DN. UDP-glucose and P2Y14 receptor amplify allergen-induced airway eosinophilia. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140709. [PMID: 33792561 DOI: 10.1172/jci140709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway eosinophilia is a hallmark of allergic asthma and is associated with mucus production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and shortness of breath. Although glucocorticoids are widely used to treat asthma, their prolonged use is associated with several side effects. Furthermore, many individuals with eosinophilic asthma are resistant to glucocorticoid treatment, and they have an unmet need for novel therapies. Here, we show that UDP-glucose (UDP-G), a nucleotide sugar, is selectively released into the airways of allergen-sensitized mice upon their subsequent challenge with that same allergen. Mice lacking P2Y14R, the receptor for UDP-G, had decreased airway eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness compared with wild-type mice in a protease-mediated model of asthma. P2Y14R was dispensable for allergic sensitization and for the production of type 2 cytokines in the lung after challenge. However, UDP-G increased chemokinesis in eosinophils and enhanced their response to the eosinophil chemoattractant, CCL24. In turn, eosinophils triggered the release of UDP-G into the airway, thereby amplifying eosinophilic recruitment. This positive feedback loop was sensitive to therapeutic intervention, as a small molecule antagonist of P2Y14R inhibited airway eosinophilia. These findings thus reveal a pathway that can be therapeutically targeted to treat asthma exacerbations and glucocorticoid-resistant forms of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jason G Williams
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Support Group, Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Leesa J Deterding
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Support Group, Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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15
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P2Y14 Receptor as a Target for Neutrophilia Attenuation in Severe COVID-19 Cases: From Hematopoietic Stem Cell Recruitment and Chemotaxis to Thrombo-inflammation. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:241-252. [PMID: 33575962 PMCID: PMC7877512 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic starting in 2019 has already reached more than 2.3 million deaths. Despite the scientific community’s efforts to investigate the COVID-19 disease, a drug for effectively treating or curing patients yet needs to be discovered. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) differentiating into immune cells for defense express COVID-19 entry receptors, and COVID-19 infection hinders their differentiation. The importance of purinergic signaling in HSC differentiation and innate immunity has been recognized. The metabotropic P2Y14 receptor subtype, activated by UDP-glucose, controls HSC differentiation and mobilization. Thereon, the exacerbated activation of blood immune cells amplifies the inflammatory state observed in COVID-19 patients, specially through the continuous release of reactive oxygen species and extracellular neutrophil traps (NETs). Further, the P2Y14 subtype, robustly inhibits the infiltration of neutrophils into various epithelial tissues, including lungs and kidneys. Here we discuss findings suggesting that antagonism of the P2Y14 receptor could prevent the progression of COVID-19-induced systemic inflammation, which often leads to severe illness and death cases. Considering the modulation of neutrophil recruitment of extreme relevance for respiratory distress and lung failure prevention, we propose that P2Y14 receptor inhibition by its selective antagonist PPTN could limit neutrophil recruitment and NETosis, hence limiting excessive formation of oxygen reactive species and proteolytic activation of the kallikrein-kinin system and subsequent bradykinin storm in the alveolar septa of COVID-19 patients.
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16
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Lazarowski ER, Boucher RC. Purinergic receptors in airway hydration. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 187:114387. [PMID: 33358825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Airway epithelial purinergic receptors control key components of the mucociliary clearance (MCC), the dominant component of pulmonary host defense. In healthy airways, the periciliary liquid (PCL) is optimally hydrated, thus acting as an efficient lubricant layer over which the mucus layer moves by ciliary force. When the hydration of the airway surface decreases, the mucus becomes hyperconcentrated, the PCL collapses, and the "thickened" mucus layer adheres to cell surfaces, causing plaque/plug formation. Mucus accumulation is a major contributing factor to the progression of chronic obstructive lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic bronchitis (CB). Mucus hydration is regulated by finely tuned mechanisms of luminal Cl- secretion and Na+ absorption with concomitant osmotically driven water flow. These activities are regulated by airway surface liquid (ASL) concentrations of adenosine and ATP, acting on airway epithelial A2B and P2Y2 receptors, respectively. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of our understanding of the role of purinergic receptors in the regulation of airway epithelial ion/fluid transport and the mechanisms of nucleotide release and metabolic activities that contribute to airway surface hydration in healthy and chronically obstructed airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo R Lazarowski
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| | - Richard C Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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17
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Zhang H, Ma J, Tang K, Huang B. Beyond energy storage: roles of glycogen metabolism in health and disease. FEBS J 2020; 288:3772-3783. [PMID: 33249748 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Beyond storing and supplying energy in the liver and muscles, glycogen also plays critical roles in cell differentiation, signaling, redox regulation, and stemness under various physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Such versatile functions have been revealed by various forms of glycogen storage diseases. Here, we outline the source of carbon flux in glycogen metabolism and discuss how glycogen metabolism guides CD8+ T-cell memory formation and maintenance. Likewise, we review how this affects macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we dissect how glycogen metabolism supports tumor development by promoting tumor-repopulating cell growth in hypoxic tumor microenvironments. This review highlights the essential role of the gluconeogenesis-glycogenesis-glycogenolysis-PPP metabolic chain in redox homeostasis, thus providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies against major chronic diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Immunology and National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, CAMS, Beijing, China
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18
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Katakura S, Takao T, Arase T, Yoshimasa Y, Tomisato S, Uchida S, Masuda H, Uchida H, Tanaka M, Maruyama T. UDP-glucose, a cellular danger signal, and nucleotide receptor P2Y14 enhance the invasion of human extravillous trophoblast cells. Placenta 2020; 101:194-203. [PMID: 33011563 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION P2Y14, one of the P2Y purinergic G-protein coupled receptors, is expressed in a variety of cells and tissues. Its ligand, UDP-glucose (UDPG), is released from damaged and stress-stimulated cells and acts as a danger signal via P2Y14. Thus, P2Y14 plays an important role in immunological defense systems. Here, we aimed to elucidate the expression, localization, and role of P2Y14 in human trophoblasts and the placenta. METHODS Human chorionic villus and placental tissues were subjected to immunostaining for P2Y14 protein and an extravillous trophoblast (EVT) marker, HLA-G. We examined the expression of P2Y14 and the effect of UDPG on cell proliferation and invasion in an EVT cell line, HTR-8/SVneo, using an MTS assay and a Transwell assay, respectively. We tested the effect of UDPG on cell invasion in P2Y14-underexpressing HTR-8/SVneo clones established by the lentiviral introduction of shRNA for P2RY14 mRNA. RESULTS Immunostaining revealed that P2Y14 was exclusively expressed by EVTs. P2RY14 mRNA and P2Y14 protein were expressed in HTR-8/SVneo cells. UDPG did not affect cell proliferation but it did enhance invasion. Inhibition of P2Y14 and decreasing the expression of P2Y14 suppressed UDPG-mediated invasive activity. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that EVT selectively expressed P2Y14 and that P2Y14 was positively involved in UDPG-enhanced EVT invasion. It suggests the possible existence of a danger signal-mediated physiological system at the fetomaternal interface where UDPG released from maternal tissues through destruction by EVT invasion may accelerate EVT invasion, allowing EVTs to undergo successful placentation and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Katakura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Takao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Arase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yushi Yoshimasa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Tomisato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Uchida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uchida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Maruyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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19
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Battistone MA, Mendelsohn AC, Spallanzani RG, Allegretti AS, Liberman RN, Sesma J, Kalim S, Wall SM, Bonventre JV, Lazarowski ER, Brown D, Breton S. Proinflammatory P2Y14 receptor inhibition protects against ischemic acute kidney injury in mice. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:3734-3749. [PMID: 32287042 PMCID: PMC7324186 DOI: 10.1172/jci134791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI), a complication that frequently occurs in hospital settings, is often associated with hemodynamic compromise, sepsis, cardiac surgery, or exposure to nephrotoxins. Here, using a murine renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) model, we show that intercalated cells (ICs) rapidly adopted a proinflammatory phenotype after IRI. Wwe demonstrate that during the early phase of AKI either blockade of the proinflammatory P2Y14 receptor located on the apical membrane of ICs or ablation of the gene encoding the P2Y14 receptor in ICs (a) inhibited IRI-induced increase of chemokine expression in ICs, (b) reduced neutrophil and monocyte renal infiltration, (c) reduced the extent of kidney dysfunction, and (d) attenuated proximal tubule damage. These observations indicate that the P2Y14 receptor participates in the very first inflammatory steps associated with ischemic AKI. In addition, we show that the concentration of the P2Y14 receptor ligand UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) was higher in urine samples from intensive care unit patients who developed AKI compared with patients without AKI. In particular, we observed a strong correlation between UDP-Glc concentration and the development of AKI in cardiac surgery patients. Our study identifies the UDP-Glc/P2Y14 receptor axis as a potential target for the prevention and/or attenuation of ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Agustina Battistone
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandra C. Mendelsohn
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raul German Spallanzani
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew S. Allegretti
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel N. Liberman
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juliana Sesma
- Marsico Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sahir Kalim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan M. Wall
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Eduardo R. Lazarowski
- Marsico Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dennis Brown
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sylvie Breton
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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20
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Li H, Jiang W, Ye S, Zhou M, Liu C, Yang X, Hao K, Hu Q. P2Y 14 receptor has a critical role in acute gouty arthritis by regulating pyroptosis of macrophages. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:394. [PMID: 32457291 PMCID: PMC7250907 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-mediated pyroptosis has a causal role in the pathogenesis of gout. P2Y14 receptor (P2Y14R) distributed in immune cells including macrophages is a Gi-coupled receptor that inhibits the synthesis of cAMP, which has been regarded as a potential regulator of inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the role of P2Y14R in MSU-induced pyroptosis of macrophages involved in acute gouty arthritis is still unclear. In our present study, P2Y14R knockout (P2Y14R-KO) disrupted MSU-induced histopathologic changes in rat synoviums, accompanied with a significant inhibition of pyroptotic cell death characterized by Caspase-1/PI double-positive and blockade of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in synovial tissues, which was consistent with that observed in in vitro studies. Owing to the interaction of NLRP3 inflammasome and cAMP, we then investigated the effect of adenylate cyclase activator (Forskolin) on macrophage pyroptosis and gout flare caused by MSU stimulation. The reversal effect of Forskolin verified the negative regulatory role of cAMP in MSU-induced pyroptosis. More importantly, adenylate cyclase inhibitor (SQ22536) intervention led to a reversal of protection attributed to P2Y14R deficiency. Findings in air pouch animal models also verified aforementioned experimental results. Our study first identified the role of P2Y14R/cAMP/NLRP3 signaling pathway in acute gouty arthritis, which provides a novel insight into the pathological mechanisms of pyroptosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Wenjiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Shumin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Mengze Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Xiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Kun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Qinghua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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21
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Sha S, Handelman G, Agarabi C, Yoon S. A high-resolution measurement of nucleotide sugars by using ion-pair reverse chromatography and tandem columns. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3683-3693. [PMID: 32300845 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
N-Linked glycosylation is a cellular process transferring sugars from glycosyl donors to proteins or lipids. Biopharmaceutical products widely produced by culturing mammalian cells such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are typically glycosylated during biosynthesis. For some biologics, the N-linked glycan is a critical quality attribute of the drugs. Nucleotide sugars are the glycan donors and impact the intracellular glycosylation process. In current analytical methods, robust separation of nucleotide sugar isomers such as UDP glucose and UDP galactose remains a challenge because of their structural similarity. In this study, we developed a strategy to resolve the separation of major nucleotide sugars including challenging isomers based on the use of ion-pair reverse phase (IP-RP) chromatography. The strategy applies core-shell columns and connects multiple columns in tandem to increase separation power and ultimately enables high-resolution detection of nucleotide sugars from cell extracts. The key parameters in the IP-RP method, including temperature, mobile phase, and flow rates, have been systematically evaluated in this work and the theoretical mechanisms of the chromatographic behavior were proposed. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sha
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Garry Handelman
- Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Cyrus Agarabi
- U.S. FDA, CDER/OBP/Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA. .,Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
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Wypych D, Pomorski P. Calcium Signaling in Glioma Cells: The Role of Nucleotide Receptors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1202:67-86. [PMID: 32034709 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30651-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signaling is probably one of the evolutionary oldest and the most common way by which the signal can be transmitted from the cell environment to the cytoplasmic calcium binding effectors. Calcium signal is fast and due to diversity of calcium binding proteins it may have a very broad effect on cell behavior. Being a crucial player in neuronal transmission it is also very important for glia physiology. It is responsible for the cross-talk between neurons and astrocytes, for microglia activation and motility. Changes in calcium signaling are also crucial for the behavior of transformed glioma cells. The present chapter summarizes molecular mechanisms of calcium signal formation present in glial cells with a strong emphasis on extracellular nucleotide-evoked signaling pathways. Some aspects of glioma C6 signaling such as the cross-talk between P2Y1 and P2Y12 nucleotide receptors in calcium signal generation will be discussed in-depth, to show complexity of machinery engaged in formation of this signal. Moreover, possible mechanisms of modulation of the calcium signal in diverse environments there will be presented herein. Finally, the possible role of calcium signal in glioma motility is also discussed. This is a very important issue, since glioma cells, contrary to the vast majority of neoplastic cells, cannot spread in the body with the bloodstream and, at least in early stages of tumor development, may expand only by means of sheer motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wypych
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomorski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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UDP-glucose accelerates SNAI1 mRNA decay and impairs lung cancer metastasis. Nature 2019; 571:127-131. [PMID: 31243371 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality, and accounts for up to 95% of cancer-related deaths1. Cancer cells often reprogram their metabolism to efficiently support cell proliferation and survival2,3. However, whether and how those metabolic alterations contribute to the migration of tumour cells remain largely unknown. UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) is a key enzyme in the uronic acid pathway, and converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid4. Here we show that, after activation of EGFR, UGDH is phosphorylated at tyrosine 473 in human lung cancer cells. Phosphorylated UGDH interacts with Hu antigen R (HuR) and converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid, which attenuates the UDP-glucose-mediated inhibition of the association of HuR with SNAI1 mRNA and therefore enhances the stability of SNAI1 mRNA. Increased production of SNAIL initiates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, thus promoting the migration of tumour cells and lung cancer metastasis. In addition, phosphorylation of UGDH at tyrosine 473 correlates with metastatic recurrence and poor prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Our findings reveal a tumour-suppressive role of UDP-glucose in lung cancer metastasis and uncover a mechanism by which UGDH promotes tumour metastasis by increasing the stability of SNAI1 mRNA.
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Abstract
Viruses depend on the host cells they infect to provide the machinery and substrates for replication. Host cells are highly dynamic systems that can alter their intracellular environment and metabolic behavior, which may be helpful or inhibitory for an infecting virus. In this study, we show that macrophages, a target cell of murine norovirus (MNV), increase glycolysis upon viral infection, which is important for early steps in MNV infection. Human noroviruses (hNoV) are a major cause of gastroenteritis globally, causing enormous morbidity and economic burden. Currently, no effective antivirals or vaccines exist for hNoV, mainly due to the lack of high-efficiency in vitro culture models for their study. Thus, insights gained from the MNV model may reveal aspects of host cell metabolism that can be targeted for improving hNoV cell culture systems and for developing effective antiviral therapies. The metabolic pathways of central carbon metabolism, glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), are important host factors that determine the outcome of viral infections and can be manipulated by some viruses to favor infection. However, mechanisms of metabolic modulation and their effects on viral replication vary widely. Herein, we present the first metabolomics and energetic profiling of norovirus-infected cells, which revealed increases in glycolysis, OXPHOS, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) during murine norovirus (MNV) infection. Inhibiting glycolysis with 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) in macrophages revealed that glycolysis is an important factor for optimal MNV infection, while inhibiting the PPP and OXPHOS showed a relatively minor impact of these pathways on MNV infection. 2DG affected an early stage in the viral life cycle after viral uptake and capsid uncoating, leading to decreased viral protein production and viral RNA. The requirement of glycolysis was specific for MNV (but not astrovirus) infection, independent of the type I interferon antiviral response, and unlikely to be due to a lack of host cell nucleotide synthesis. MNV infection increased activation of the protein kinase Akt, but not AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), two master regulators of cellular metabolism, implicating Akt signaling in upregulating host metabolism during norovirus infection. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the metabolic state of target cells is an intrinsic host factor that determines the extent of norovirus replication and implicates glycolysis as a virulence determinant. They further point to cellular metabolism as a novel therapeutic target for norovirus infections and improvements in current human norovirus culture systems.
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Zhao B, Wang H, Li CX, Song SW, Fang SH, Wei EQ, Shi QJ. GPR17 mediates ischemia-like neuronal injury via microglial activation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2750-2762. [PMID: 30226562 PMCID: PMC6192776 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR17 is a G (i)-coupled dual receptor, linked to P2Y and CysLT receptors stimulated by uracil nucleotides and cysteinyl leukotrienes, respectively. Recent evidence has demonstrated that GPR17 inhibition ameliorates the progression of cerebral ischemic injury by regulating neuronal death and microglial activation. The present study aimed to assess the detailed regulatory roles of this receptor in oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R)-induced ischemia-like injury in vitro and explore the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that OGD/R induced ischemic neuronal injury and microglial activation, including enhanced phagocytosis and increased inflammatory cytokine release in neuron‑glial mixed cultures of cortical cells. GPR17 upregulation during OGD/R was spatially and temporally correlated with neuronal injury and microglial activation. In addition, GPR17 knockdown inhibited OGD/R-induced responses in neuron-glial mixed cultures. GPR17 knockdown also attenuated cell injury induced by the agonist leukotriene D4 (LTD4) or uridine 5′-diphosphate (UDP) in neuron-glial mixed cultures. However, GPR17 knockdown did not affect OGD/R-induced ischemic neuronal injury in primary cultures of neurons. In primary astrocyte cultures, neither GPR17 nor OGD/R induced injury. By contrast, GPR17 knockdown ameliorated OGD/R-induced microglial activation, boosting phagocytosis and inflammatory cytokine release in primary microglia cultures. Finally, the results demonstrated that the conditioned medium of microglia pretreated with OGD/R induced neuronal death, and the neuronal injury was significantly inhibited by GPR17 knockdown. These findings suggested that GPR17 may mediate ischemia-like neuronal injury and microglial activation in vitro; however, the protective effects on ischemic neuronal injury might depend upon microglial activation. Whether GPR17 regulates neuronal injury mediated by oligodendrocyte linkage remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Xia Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Wen Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - San-Hua Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Er-Qing Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Qiao-Juan Shi
- Experimental Animal Center, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
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26
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Qin X, Wang X. Quantification of nucleotides and their sugar conjugates in biological samples: Purposes, instruments and applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 158:280-287. [PMID: 29902692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotides and their sugar conjugates are fundamental molecules in life, participating in processes of DNA/RNA composition, cell wall build-up, glycosylation reactions, and signal conduction. Therefore, the quantification of these compounds in biological samples significantly benefits the understanding of their functions. However, nucleotides and nucleotide sugars are extremely hydrophilic, causing bad retention and peak symmetry on regular C18 chromatographic columns. To solve this problem, ion-pair (IP) chromatography, ion-exchange (IE) chromatography and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) were applied, of which differentiated mechanisms were utilized to increase the retention of the analytes on the stationary phases. IP-HPLC and HILIC were convenient for coupling with many kinds of detectors (ultraviolet, UV or mass spectrometry, MS). Combining these two kinds of techniques, the advantages of better separation and retention were increased, while disadvantages like irreversible adsorption by stationary phases were greatly decreased. Due to the high concentrations of nonvolatile buffer salts used, IE-HPLC was not suitable for MS detectors. Protein precipitation and solid phase extraction were the common methods for sample treatment in the analysis of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. By carefully optimizing the LCUV or LCMS conditions, high sensitivities could be achieved, and the methods could be applied to the analysis of many kinds of biological samples (cells, tissues, plants, bacteria, etc.). Developing new analyzing techniques may help the utilization of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars in the diagnosis and therapy of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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27
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Nyamoya S, Leopold P, Becker B, Beyer C, Hustadt F, Schmitz C, Michel A, Kipp M. G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Gpr17 Expression in Two Multiple Sclerosis Remyelination Models. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1109-1123. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abstract
P2Y receptors (P2YRs) are a family of G protein-coupled receptors activated by extracellular nucleotides. Physiological P2YR agonists include purine and pyrimidine nucleoside di- and triphosphates, such as ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP, nucleotide sugars, and dinucleotides. Eight subtypes exist, P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, and P2Y14, which represent current or potential future drug targets. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of ligands for the subgroup of the P2YR family that is activated by uracil nucleotides: P2Y2 (UTP, also ATP and dinucleotides), P2Y4 (UTP), P2Y6 (UDP), and P2Y14 (UDP, UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose). The physiological agonists are metabolically unstable due to their fast hydrolysis by ectonucleotidases. A number of agonists with increased potency, subtype-selectivity and/or enzymatic stability have been developed in recent years. Useful P2Y2R agonists include MRS2698 (6-01, highly selective) and PSB-1114 (6-05, increased metabolic stability). A potent and selective P2Y2R antagonist is AR-C118925 (10-01). For studies of the P2Y4R, MRS4062 (3-15) may be used as a selective agonist, while PSB-16133 (10-06) is a selective antagonist. Several potent P2Y6R agonists have been developed including 5-methoxyuridine 5'-O-((Rp)α-boranodiphosphate) (6-12), PSB-0474 (3-11), and MRS2693 (3-26). The isocyanate MRS2578 (10-08) is used as a selective P2Y6R antagonist, although its reactivity and low water-solubility are limiting. With MRS2905 (6-08), a potent and metabolically stable P2Y14R agonist is available, while PPTN (10-14) represents a potent and selective P2Y14R antagonist. The radioligand [3H]UDP can be used to label P2Y14Rs. In addition, several fluorescent probes have been developed. Uracil nucleotide-activated P2YRs show great potential as drug targets, especially in inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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29
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Gendaszewska-Darmach E, Węgłowska E, Walczak-Drzewiecka A, Karaś K. Nucleoside 5'-O-monophosphorothioates as modulators of the P2Y14 receptor and mast cell degranulation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69358-69370. [PMID: 27732965 PMCID: PMC5342483 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are long-lived resident cells known for their substantial role in antigen-induced anaphylaxis and other immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic reactions as well as tumor promotion. MCs' activation results in the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as histamine, tryptase, tumor necrosis factor or carboxypeptidase A stored in secretory granules. IgE-dependent hypersensitivity has been thought to be the major pathway mediating degranulation of mast cells, but the P2Y14 nucleotide receptor activated by UDP-glucose (UDPG) may also enhance this process. In this study we identified thymidine 5'-O-monophosphorothioate (TMPS) as a molecule inhibiting UDPG-induced degranulation in a rat mast cell line (RBL-2H3). Additionally, TMPS diminished UDPG-evoked intracellular calcium mobilization in a stable HEK293T cell line overexpressing the P2Y14 receptor. Therefore, we demonstrate that the use of thymidine 5'-O-monophosphorothioate might be a novel anti-inflammatory approach based on preventingmast cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Gendaszewska-Darmach
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
| | - Edyta Węgłowska
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aurelia Walczak-Drzewiecka
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kaja Karaś
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego, Lodz, Poland
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Palomo-Guerrero M, Cosgaya JM, Gella A, Casals N, Grijota-Martinez C. Uridine-5'-Triphosphate Partially Blocks Differentiation Signals and Favors a more Repair State in Cultured rat Schwann Cells. Neuroscience 2018; 372:255-265. [PMID: 29337237 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) play a key role in peripheral nerve regeneration. After damage, they respond acquiring a repair phenotype that allows them to proliferate, migrate and redirect axonal growth. Previous studies have shown that Uridine-5'-Triphosphate (UTP) and its purinergic receptors participate in several pathophysiological responses in the nervous system. Our group has previously described how UTP induces the migration of a Schwannoma cell line and promotes wound healing. These data suggest that UTP participates in the signaling involved in the regeneration process. In the present study we evaluated UTP effects in isolated rat SCs and cocultures of SCs and dorsal root ganglia neurons. UTP reduced cAMP-dependent Krox-20 induction in SCs. UTP also reduced the N-cadherin re-expression that occurs when SCs and axons make contact. In myelinating cocultures, a non-significant tendency to a lower expression of P0 and MAG proteins in presence of UTP was observed. We also demonstrated that UTP induced SC migration without affecting cell proliferation. Interestingly, UTP was found to block neuregulin-induced phosphorylation of the ErbB3 receptor, a pathway involved in the regeneration process. These results indicate that UTP could acts as a brake to the differentiation signals, promoting a more migratory state in the repair-SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Palomo-Guerrero
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Jose Miguel Cosgaya
- Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Gella
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Biociencias, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Núria Casals
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Grijota-Martinez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain.
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UDP-sugars activate P2Y 14 receptors to mediate vasoconstriction of the porcine coronary artery. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 103-105:36-46. [PMID: 29253618 PMCID: PMC5906693 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aims UDP-sugars can act as extracellular signalling molecules, but relatively little is known about their cardiovascular actions. The P2Y14 receptor is a Gi/o-coupled receptor which is activated by UDP-glucose and related sugar nucleotides. In this study we sought to investigate whether P2Y14 receptors are functionally expressed in the porcine coronary artery using a selective P2Y14 receptor agonist, MRS2690, and a novel selective P2Y14 receptor antagonist, PPTN (4,7-disubstituted naphthoic acid derivative). Methods and results Isometric tension recordings were used to evaluate the effects of UDP-sugars in porcine isolated coronary artery segments. The effects of the P2 receptor antagonists suramin and PPADS, the P2Y14 receptor antagonist PPTN, and the P2Y6 receptor antagonist MRS2578, were investigated. Measurement of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation using flow cytometry was used to assess changes in cAMP levels. UDP-glucose, UDP-glucuronic acid UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (P2Y14 receptor agonists), elicited concentration-dependent contractions of the porcine coronary artery. MRS2690 was a more potent vasoconstrictor than the UDP-sugars. Concentration dependent contractile responses to MRS2690 and UDP-sugars were enhanced in the presence of forskolin (activator of cAMP), where the level of basal tone was maintained by addition of U46619, a thromboxane A2 mimetic. Contractile responses to MRS2690 were blocked by PPTN, but not by MRS2578. Contractile responses to UDP-glucose were also attenuated by PPTN and suramin, but not by MRS2578. Forskolin-induced VASP-phosphorylation was reduced in porcine coronary arteries exposed to UDP-glucose and MRS2690, consistent with P2Y14 receptor coupling to Gi/o proteins and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity. Conclusions Our data support a role of UDP-sugars as extracellular signalling molecules and show for the first time that they mediate contraction of porcine coronary arteries via P2Y14 receptors.
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P2Y14 receptor activation decreases interleukin-6 production and glioma GL261 cell proliferation in microglial transwell cultures. J Neurooncol 2017; 137:23-31. [PMID: 29189936 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are rich in extracellular nucleotides that modulate glioma cell production of multiple cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6, which strongly contributes to glioma cell proliferation. However, little is known about how nucleotide signaling modulates microglial/macrophage (MG/MP) cytokine production in the context of gliomas, nor how MG/MP purinergic P2 receptor expression changes in the tumor micro-environment. We hypothesized that: (1) expression of key P2Y receptors will be augmented in glioma-derived MG/MP, and (2) selective activation of these receptors in vitro will regulate microglial production of IL-6 and glioma cell proliferation. We tested these hypotheses using the murine GL261 glioma model. Compared to MG/MP isolated from the normal brain tissue, CD11b+ cells isolated from GL261 tumors expressed higher levels of several P2 receptors, including P2Y14 receptors. To evaluate microglial P2Y14 receptor function in the context of tumor cells, we first cultured N9 microglia in transwells with GL261 cells and found that microglial P2Y14 mRNA levels were similarly increased in transwell cultures. GL261 cells did not express detectable P2Y14 levels either when they were cultured alone or in transwell cultures with N9 cells. Selective P2Y14 receptor activation with UDP-glucose (UDPG) did not affect IL-6 levels in either cell type cultured alone, but in transwell cultures, UDPG decreased IL-6 protein levels in the medium. Application of conditioned medium from UDPG-treated microglia reduced GL261 cell proliferation. Together, these data suggest that P2Y14 receptors may be a key a receptor involved in glioma cell-MG/MP communication in the tumor environment.
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Khalafalla FG, Kayani W, Kassab A, Ilves K, Monsanto MM, Alvarez R, Chavarria M, Norman B, Dembitsky WP, Sussman MA. Empowering human cardiac progenitor cells by P2Y 14 nucleotide receptor overexpression. J Physiol 2017; 595:7135-7148. [PMID: 28980705 DOI: 10.1113/jp274980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Autologous cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) therapy is a promising approach for treatment of heart failure (HF). There is an unmet need to identify inherent deficits in aged/diseased human CPCs (hCPCs) derived from HF patients in the attempts to augment their regenerative capacity prior to use in the clinical setting. Here we report significant functional correlations between phenotypic properties of hCPCs isolated from cardiac biopsies of HF patients, clinical parameters of patients and expression of the P2Y14 purinergic receptor (P2Y14 R), a crucial detector for extracellular UDP-sugars released during injury/stress. P2Y14 R is downregulated in hCPCs derived from HF patients with lower ejection fraction or diagnosed with diabetes. Augmenting P2Y14 R expression levels in aged/diseased hCPCs antagonizes senescence and improves functional responses. This study introduces purinergic signalling modulation as a potential strategy to rejuvenate and improve phenotypic characteristics of aged/functionally compromised hCPCs prior to transplantation in HF patients. ABSTRACT Autologous cardiac progenitor cell therapy is a promising alternative approach to current inefficient therapies for heart failure (HF). However, ex vivo expansion and pharmacological/genetic modification of human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) are necessary interventions to rejuvenate aged/diseased cells and improve their regenerative capacities. This study was designed to assess the potential of improving hCPC functional capacity by targeting the P2Y14 purinergic receptor (P2Y14 R), which has been previously reported to induce regenerative and anti-senescence responses in a variety of experimental models. c-Kit+ hCPCs were isolated from cardiac biopsies of multiple HF patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation surgery. Significant correlations existed between the expression of P2Y14 R in hCPCs and clinical parameters of HF patients. P2Y14 R was downregulated in hCPCs derived from patients with a relatively lower ejection fraction and patients diagnosed with diabetes. hCPC lines with lower P2Y14 R expression did not respond to P2Y14 R agonist UDP-glucose (UDP-Glu) while hCPCs with higher P2Y14 R expression showed enhanced proliferation in response to UDP-Glu stimulation. Mechanistically, UDP-Glu stimulation enhanced the activation of canonical growth signalling pathways ERK1/2 and AKT. Restoring P2Y14 R expression levels in functionally compromised hCPCs via lentiviral-mediated overexpression improved proliferation, migration and survival under stress stimuli. Additionally, P2Y14 R overexpression reversed senescence-associated morphology and reduced levels of molecular markers of senescence p16INK4a , p53, p21 and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Findings from this study unveil novel biological roles of the UDP-sugar receptor P2Y14 in hCPCs and suggest purinergic signalling modulation as a promising strategy to improve phenotypic properties of functionally impaired hCPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid G Khalafalla
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Waqas Kayani
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Arwa Kassab
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Kelli Ilves
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Megan M Monsanto
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Roberto Alvarez
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Monica Chavarria
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Benjamin Norman
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | | | - Mark A Sussman
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
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Ferreira MAR, Jansen R, Willemsen G, Penninx B, Bain LM, Vicente CT, Revez JA, Matheson MC, Hui J, Tung JY, Baltic S, Le Souëf P, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Robertson CF, James A, Thompson PJ, Boomsma DI, Hopper JL, Hinds DA, Werder RB, Phipps S. Gene-based analysis of regulatory variants identifies 4 putative novel asthma risk genes related to nucleotide synthesis and signaling. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:1148-1157. [PMID: 27554816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hundreds of genetic variants are thought to contribute to variation in asthma risk by modulating gene expression. Methods that increase the power of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to identify risk-associated variants are needed. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop a method that aggregates the evidence for association with disease risk across expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) of a gene and use this approach to identify asthma risk genes. METHODS We developed a gene-based test and software package called EUGENE that (1) is applicable to GWAS summary statistics; (2) considers both cis- and trans-eQTLs; (3) incorporates eQTLs identified in different tissues; and (4) uses simulations to account for multiple testing. We applied this approach to 2 published asthma GWASs (combined n = 46,044) and used mouse studies to provide initial functional insights into 2 genes with novel genetic associations. RESULTS We tested the association between asthma and 17,190 genes that were found to have cis- and/or trans-eQTLs across 16 published eQTL studies. At an empirical FDR of 5%, 48 genes were associated with asthma risk. Of these, for 37, the association was driven by eQTLs located in established risk loci for allergic disease, including 6 genes not previously implicated in disease cause (eg, LIMS1, TINF2, and SAFB). The remaining 11 significant genes represent potential novel genetic associations with asthma. The association with 4 of these replicated in an independent GWAS: B4GALT3, USMG5, P2RY13, and P2RY14, which are genes involved in nucleotide synthesis or nucleotide-dependent cell activation. In mouse studies, P2ry13 and P2ry14-purinergic receptors activated by adenosine 5-diphosphate and UDP-sugars, respectively-were upregulated after allergen challenge, notably in airway epithelial cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils. Intranasal exposure with receptor agonists induced the release of IL-33 and subsequent eosinophil infiltration into the lungs. CONCLUSION We identified novel associations between asthma and eQTLs for 4 genes related to nucleotide synthesis/signaling and demonstrated the power of gene-based analyses of GWASs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa M Bain
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Joana A Revez
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Melanie C Matheson
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennie Hui
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia; Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | | | - Svetlana Baltic
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Peter Le Souëf
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Subiaco, Australia
| | | | | | - Colin F Robertson
- Respiratory Medicine, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alan James
- Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Philip J Thompson
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John L Hopper
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Rhiannon B Werder
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Sesma JI, Weitzer CD, Livraghi-Butrico A, Dang H, Donaldson S, Alexis NE, Jacobson KA, Harden TK, Lazarowski ER. UDP-glucose promotes neutrophil recruitment in the lung. Purinergic Signal 2016; 12:627-635. [PMID: 27421735 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-016-9524-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their role in glycosylation reactions, UDP-sugars are released from cells and activate widely distributed cell surface P2Y14 receptors (P2Y14R). However, the physiological/pathophysiological consequences of UDP-sugar release are incompletely defined. Here, we report that UDP-glucose levels are abnormally elevated in lung secretions from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) as well as in a mouse model of CF-like disease, the βENaC transgenic (Tg) mouse. Instillation of UDP-glucose into wild-type mouse tracheas resulted in enhanced neutrophil lung recruitment, and this effect was nearly abolished when UDP-glucose was co-instilled with the P2Y14R antagonist PPTN [4-(piperidin-4-yl)-phenyl)-7-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-2-naphthoic acid]. Importantly, administration of PPTN to βENaC-Tg mice reduced neutrophil lung inflammation. These results suggest that UDP-glucose released into the airways acts as a local mediator of neutrophil inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana I Sesma
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 6007 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB 7248, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7248, USA
| | - Clarissa D Weitzer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alessandra Livraghi-Butrico
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 6007 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB 7248, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7248, USA
| | - Hong Dang
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 6007 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB 7248, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7248, USA
| | - Scott Donaldson
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 6007 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB 7248, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7248, USA
| | - Neil E Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - T Kendall Harden
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eduardo R Lazarowski
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 6007 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB 7248, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7248, USA.
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Alanazi IO, Benabdelkamel H, Alfadda AA, AlYahya SA, Alghamdi WM, Aljohi HA, Almalik A, Masood A. Proteomic Analysis of the Protein Expression Profile in the Mature Nigella sativa (Black Seed). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:1184-201. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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ATP release, generation and hydrolysis in exocrine pancreatic duct cells. Purinergic Signal 2015; 11:533-50. [PMID: 26431833 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regulates pancreatic duct function via P2Y and P2X receptors. It is well known that ATP is released from upstream pancreatic acinar cells. The ATP homeostasis in pancreatic ducts, which secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid, has not yet been examined. First, our aim was to reveal whether pancreatic duct cells release ATP locally and whether they enzymatically modify extracellular nucleotides/sides. Second, we wished to explore which physiological and pathophysiological factors may be important in these processes. Using a human pancreatic duct cell line, Capan-1, and online luminescence measurement, we detected fast ATP release in response to pH changes, bile acid, mechanical stress and hypo-osmotic stress. ATP release following hypo-osmotic stress was sensitive to drugs affecting exocytosis, pannexin-1, connexins, maxi-anion channels and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) channels, and corresponding transcripts were expressed in duct cells. Direct stimulation of intracellular Ca(2+) and cAMP signalling and ethanol application had negligible effects on ATP release. The released ATP was sequentially dephosphorylated through ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase2) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 reactions, with respective generation of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine and their maintenance in the extracellular medium at basal levels. In addition, Capan-1 cells express counteracting adenylate kinase (AK1) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) enzymes (NME1, 2), which contribute to metabolism and regeneration of extracellular ATP and other nucleotides (ADP, uridine diphosphate (UDP) and uridine triphosphate (UTP)). In conclusion, we illustrate a complex regulation of extracellular purine homeostasis in a pancreatic duct cell model involving: ATP release by several mechanisms and subsequent nucleotide breakdown and ATP regeneration via counteracting nucleotide-inactivating and nucleotide-phosphorylating ecto-enzymes. We suggest that extracellular ATP homeostasis in pancreatic ducts may be important in pancreas physiology and potentially in pancreas pathophysiology.
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Lazarowski ER, Harden TK. UDP-Sugars as Extracellular Signaling Molecules: Cellular and Physiologic Consequences of P2Y14 Receptor Activation. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:151-60. [PMID: 25829059 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.098756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-sugars, which are indispensable for protein glycosylation reactions in cellular secretory pathways, also act as important extracellular signaling molecules. We discuss here the broadly expressed P2Y14 receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor targeted by UDP sugars, and the increasingly diverse set of physiologic responses discovered recently functioning downstream of this receptor in many epithelia as well as in immune, inflammatory, and other cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo R Lazarowski
- Departments of Medicine (E.R.L.) and Pharmacology (T.K.H.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - T Kendall Harden
- Departments of Medicine (E.R.L.) and Pharmacology (T.K.H.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Azroyan A, Cortez-Retamozo V, Bouley R, Liberman R, Ruan YC, Kiselev E, Jacobson KA, Pittet MJ, Brown D, Breton S. Renal intercalated cells sense and mediate inflammation via the P2Y14 receptor. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121419. [PMID: 25799465 PMCID: PMC4370445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is one of the leading causes of kidney failure. Pro-inflammatory responses can occur in the absence of infection, a process called sterile inflammation. Here we show that the purinergic receptor P2Y14 (GPR105) is specifically and highly expressed in collecting duct intercalated cells (ICs) and mediates sterile inflammation in the kidney. P2Y14 is activated by UDP-glucose, a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) released by injured cells. We found that UDP-glucose increases pro-inflammatory chemokine expression in ICs as well as MDCK-C11 cells, and UDP-glucose activates the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway in MDCK-C11 cells. These effects were prevented following inhibition of P2Y14 with the small molecule PPTN. Tail vein injection of mice with UDP-glucose induced the recruitment of neutrophils to the renal medulla. This study identifies ICs as novel sensors, mediators and effectors of inflammation in the kidney via P2Y14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anie Azroyan
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Virna Cortez-Retamozo
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard Bouley
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rachel Liberman
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ye Chun Ruan
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Evgeny Kiselev
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mikael J. Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dennis Brown
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sylvie Breton
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yashima S, Shimazaki A, Mitoma J, Nakagawa T, Abe M, Yamada H, Higashi H. Close association of B2 bradykinin receptors with P2Y2 ATP receptors. J Biochem 2015; 158:155-63. [PMID: 25713410 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that couple with Gαq/11, B2 bradykinin (BK) receptor (B2R) and ATP/UTP receptor P2Y2 (P2Y2R), are ubiquitously expressed and responsible for vascular tone, inflammation, and pain. We analysed the cellular signalling of P2Y2Rs in cells that express B2Rs. B2R desensitization induced by BK or B2R internalization-inducing glycans cross-desensitized the P2Y2R response to ATP/UTP. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer from P2Y2R-AcGFP to B2R-DsRed was detected in the cells and on the cell surfaces, showing the close association of these GPCRs. BK- and ATP-induced cross-internalization of P2Y2R and B2R, respectively, was shown in a β-galactosidase complementation assay using P2Y2R or B2R fused to the H31R substituted α donor peptide of a β-galactosidase reporter enzyme (P2Y2R-α or B2R-α) with coexpression of the FYVE domain of endofin, an early endosome protein, fused to the M15 acceptor deletion mutant of β-galactosidase (the ω peptide, FYVE-ω). Arrestin recruitment to the GPCRs by cross-activation was also shown with the similar way. Coimmunoprecipitation showed that B2R and P2Y2R were closely associated in the cotransfected cells. These results indicate that B2R couples with P2Y2R and that these GPCRs act together to fine-tune cellular responsiveness. The collaboration between these receptors may permit rapid onset and turning off of biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo Yashima
- Division of Glyco-Signal Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shimazaki
- Division of Glyco-Signal Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Junya Mitoma
- Division of Glyco-Signal Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tetsuto Nakagawa
- Division of Glyco-Signal Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Maya Abe
- Division of Glyco-Signal Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamada
- Division of Glyco-Signal Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Higashi
- Division of Glyco-Signal Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
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Burnstock G, Boeynaems JM. Purinergic signalling and immune cells. Purinergic Signal 2014; 10:529-64. [PMID: 25352330 PMCID: PMC4272370 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-014-9427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article provides a historical perspective on the role of purinergic signalling in the regulation of various subsets of immune cells from early discoveries to current understanding. It is now recognised that adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and other nucleotides are released from cells following stress or injury. They can act on virtually all subsets of immune cells through a spectrum of P2X ligand-gated ion channels and G protein-coupled P2Y receptors. Furthermore, ATP is rapidly degraded into adenosine by ectonucleotidases such as CD39 and CD73, and adenosine exerts additional regulatory effects through its own receptors. The resulting effect ranges from stimulation to tolerance depending on the amount and time courses of nucleotides released, and the balance between ATP and adenosine. This review identifies the various receptors involved in the different subsets of immune cells and their effects on the function of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK,
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Alsaqati M, Latif ML, Chan SLF, Ralevic V. Novel vasocontractile role of the P2Y₁₄ receptor: characterization of its signalling in porcine isolated pancreatic arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:701-13. [PMID: 24138077 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The P2Y₁₄ receptor is the newest member of the P2Y receptor family; it is G(i/o) protein-coupled and is activated by UDP and selectively by UDP-glucose and MRS2690 (2-thiouridine-5'-diphosphoglucose) (7-10-fold more potent than UDP-glucose). This study investigated whether P2Y₁₄ receptors were functionally expressed in porcine isolated pancreatic arteries. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Pancreatic arteries were prepared for isometric tension recording and UDP-glucose, UDP and MRS2690 were applied cumulatively after preconstriction with U46619, a TxA₂ mimetic. Levels of phosphorylated myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) were assessed with Western blotting. cAMP concentrations were assessed using a competitive enzyme immunoassay kit. KEY RESULTS Concentration-dependent contractions with a rank order of potency of MRS2690 (10-fold) > UDP-glucose ≥ UDP were recorded. These contractions were reduced by PPTN {4-[4-(piperidin-4-yl)phenyl]-7-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-naphthoic acid}, a selective antagonist of P2Y₁₄ receptors, which did not affect responses to UTP. Contraction to UDP-glucose was not affected by MRS2578, a P2Y₆ receptor selective antagonist. Raising cAMP levels and forskolin, in the presence of U46619, enhanced contractions to UDP-glucose. In addition, UDP-glucose and MRS2690 inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP levels. Removal of the endothelium and inhibition of endothelium-derived contractile agents (TxA₂, PGF(2α) and endothelin-1) inhibited contractions to UDP glucose. Y-27632, nifedipine and thapsigargin also reduced contractions to the agonists. UDP-glucose and MRS2690 increased MLC2 phosphorylation, which was blocked by PPTN. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS P2Y₁₄ receptors play a novel vasocontractile role in porcine pancreatic arteries, mediating contraction via cAMP-dependent mechanisms, elevation of intracellular Ca²⁺ levels, activation of RhoA/ROCK signalling and MLC2, along with release of TxA₂, PGF(2α) and endothelin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alsaqati
- Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Cho J, Yusuf R, Kook S, Attar E, Lee D, Park B, Cheng T, Scadden DT, Lee BC. Purinergic P2Y₁₄ receptor modulates stress-induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell senescence. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:3159-71. [PMID: 24937426 DOI: 10.1172/jci61636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors of the P2Y family are G protein-coupled surface receptors that respond to extracellular nucleotides and can mediate responses to local cell damage. P2Y-dependent signaling contributes to thrombotic and/or inflammatory consequences of tissue injury by altering platelet and endothelial activation and immune cell phagocytosis. Here, we have demonstrated that P2Y14 modifies cell senescence and cell death in response to tissue stress, thereby enabling preservation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell function. In mice, P2Y14 deficiency had no demonstrable effect under homeostatic conditions; however, radiation stress, aging, sequential exposure to chemotherapy, and serial bone marrow transplantation increased senescence in animals lacking P2Y14. Enhanced senescence coincided with increased ROS, elevated p16(INK4a) expression, and hypophosphorylated Rb and was inhibited by treatment with a ROS scavenger or inhibition of p38/MAPK and JNK. Treatment of WT cells with pertussis toxin recapitulated the P2Y14 phenotype, suggesting that P2Y14 mediates antisenescence effects through Gi/o protein-dependent pathways. Primitive hematopoietic cells lacking P2Y14 were compromised in their ability to restore hematopoiesis in irradiated mice. Together, these data indicate that P2Y14 on stem/progenitor cells of the hematopoietic system inhibits cell senescence by monitoring and responding to the extracellular manifestations of tissue stress and suggest that P2Y14-mediated responses prevent the premature decline of regenerative capacity after injury.
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Characterization of the contractile P2Y14 receptor in mouse coronary and cerebral arteries. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2936-43. [PMID: 24911208 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular UDP-glucose can activate the purinergic P2Y14 receptor. The aim of the present study was to examine the physiological importance of P2Y14 receptors in the vasculature. The data presented herein show that UDP-glucose causes contraction in mouse coronary and basilar arteries. The EC50 values and immunohistochemistry illustrated the strongest P2Y14 receptor expression in the basilar artery. In the presence of pertussis toxin, UDP-glucose inhibited contraction in coronary arteries and in the basilar artery it surprisingly caused relaxation. After organ culture of the coronary artery, the EC50 value decreased and an increased staining for the P2Y14 receptor was observed, showing receptor plasticity.
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45
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Qi AD, Harden TK, Nicholas RA. Is GPR17 a P2Y/leukotriene receptor? examination of uracil nucleotides, nucleotide sugars, and cysteinyl leukotrienes as agonists of GPR17. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 347:38-46. [PMID: 23908386 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.207647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The orphan receptor GPR17 has been reported to be activated by UDP, UDP-sugars, and cysteinyl leukotrienes, and coupled to intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and inhibition of cAMP accumulation, but other studies have reported either a different agonist profile or lack of agonist activity altogether. To determine if GPR17 is activated by uracil nucleotides and leukotrienes, the hemagglutinin-tagged receptor was expressed in five different cell lines and the signaling properties of the receptor were investigated. In C6, 1321N1, or Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing GPR17, UDP, UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, and cysteinyl leukotriene C4 (LTC4) all failed to promote inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation, whereas both UDP and UDP-glucose promoted marked inhibition (>80%) of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in C6 and CHO cells expressing the P2Y14 receptor. Likewise, none of these compounds promoted accumulation of inositol phosphates in COS-7 or human embryonic kidney 293 cells transiently transfected with GPR17 alone or cotransfected with Gαq/i5, which links Gi-coupled receptors to the Gq-regulated phospholipase C (PLC) signaling pathway, or PLCε, which is activated by the Gα12/13 signaling pathway. Moreover, none of these compounds promoted internalization of GPR17 in 1321N1-GPR17 cells. Consistent with previous reports, coexpression experiments of GPR17 with cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) suggested that GPR17 acts as a negative regulator of CysLTR1. Taken together, these data suggest that UDP, UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, and LTC4 are not the cognate ligands of GPR17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Dong Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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46
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Kook S, Cho J, Lee SB, Lee BC. The nucleotide sugar UDP-glucose mobilizes long-term repopulating primitive hematopoietic cells. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:3420-35. [PMID: 23863713 DOI: 10.1172/jci64060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) are present in very small numbers in the circulating blood in steady-state conditions. In response to stress or injury, HSPCs are primed to migrate out of their niche to peripheral blood. Mobilized HSPCs are now commonly used as stem cell sources due to faster engraftment and reduced risk of posttransplant infection. In this study, we demonstrated that a nucleotide sugar, UDP-glucose, which is released into extracellular fluids in response to stress, mediates HSPC mobilization. UDP-glucose-mobilized cells possessed the capacity to achieve long-term repopulation in lethally irradiated animals and the ability to differentiate into multi-lineage blood cells. Compared with G-CSF-mobilized cells, UDP-glucose-mobilized cells preferentially supported long-term repopulation and exhibited lymphoid-biased differentiation, suggesting that UDP-glucose triggers the mobilization of functionally distinct subsets of HSPCs. Furthermore, co-administration of UDP-glucose and G-CSF led to greater HSPC mobilization than G-CSF alone. Administration of the antioxidant agent NAC significantly reduced UDP-glucose-induced mobilization, coinciding with a reduction in RANKL and osteoclastogenesis. These findings provide direct evidence demonstrating a potential role for UDP-glucose in HSPC mobilization and may provide an attractive strategy to improve the yield of stem cells in poor-mobilizing allogeneic or autologous donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Kook
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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The purinergic P2Y14 receptor axis is a molecular determinant for organism survival under in utero radiation toxicity. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e703. [PMID: 23828566 PMCID: PMC3730399 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In utero exposure of the embryo and fetus to radiation has been implicated in malformations or fetal death, and often produces lifelong health consequences such as cancers and mental retardation. Here we demonstrate that deletion of a G-protein-coupled purinergic receptor, P2Y14, confers potent resistance to in utero radiation. Intriguingly, a putative P2Y14 receptor ligand, UDP-glucose, phenocopies the effect of P2Y14 deficiency. These data indicate that P2Y14 is a receptor governing in utero tolerance to genotoxic stress that may be pharmacologically targeted to mitigate radiation toxicity in pregnancy.
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Barrett MO, Sesma JI, Ball CB, Jayasekara PS, Jacobson KA, Lazarowski ER, Harden TK. A selective high-affinity antagonist of the P2Y14 receptor inhibits UDP-glucose-stimulated chemotaxis of human neutrophils. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 84:41-9. [PMID: 23592514 PMCID: PMC3684828 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.085654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-sugar-activated P2Y14 receptor (P2Y14-R) is highly expressed in hematopoietic cells. Although the physiologic functions of this receptor remain undefined, it has been strongly implicated recently in immune and inflammatory responses. Lack of availability of receptor-selective high-affinity antagonists has impeded progress in studies of this and most of the eight nucleotide-activated P2Y receptors. A series of molecules recently were identified by Gauthier et al. (Gauthier et al., 2011) that exhibited antagonist activity at the P2Y14-R. We synthesized one of these molecules, a 4,7-disubstituted 2-naphthoic acid derivative (PPTN), and studied its pharmacological properties in detail. The concentration-effect curve of UDP-glucose for promoting inhibition of adenylyl cyclase in C6 glioma cells stably expressing the P2Y14-R was shifted to the right in a concentration-dependent manner by PPTN. Schild analyses revealed that PPTN-mediated inhibition followed competitive kinetics, with a KB of 434 pM observed. In contrast, 1 μM PPTN exhibited no agonist or antagonist effect at the P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, or P2Y13 receptors. UDP-glucose-promoted chemotaxis of differentiated HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells was blocked by PPTN with a concentration dependence consistent with the KB determined with recombinant P2Y14-R. In contrast, the chemotactic response evoked by the chemoattractant peptide fMetLeuPhe was unaffected by PPTN. UDP-glucose-promoted chemotaxis of freshly isolated human neutrophils also was blocked by PPTN. In summary, this work establishes PPTN as a highly selective high-affinity antagonist of the P2Y14-R that is useful for interrogating the action of this receptor in physiologic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O Barrett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Dabrowski-Tumanski P, Kowalska J, Jemielity J. Efficient and Rapid Synthesis of Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars from Nucleoside Phosphorimidazolides. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Calcium signaling in glioma cells--the role of nucleotide receptors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 986:61-79. [PMID: 22879064 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4719-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signaling is probably one of the evolutionary oldest and the most common way by which the signal can be transmitted from the cell environment to the cytoplasmic calcium binding effectors. Calcium signal is fast and due to diversity of calcium binding proteins it may have a very broad effect on cell behavior. Being a crucial player in neuronal transmission it is also very important for glia physiology. It is responsible for the cross-talk between neurons and astrocytes, for microglia activation and motility. Changes in calcium signaling are also crucial for the behavior of transformed glioma cells. The present Chapter summarizes molecular mechanisms of calcium signal formation present in glial cells with a strong emphasis on extracellular nucleotide-evoked signaling pathways. Some aspects of glioma C6 signaling such as the cross-talk between P2Y(1) and P2Y(12) nucleotide receptors in calcium signal generation will be discussed in-depth, to show complexity of machinery engaged in formation of this signal. Moreover, possible mechanisms of modulation of the calcium signal in diverse environments there will be presented herein. Finally, the possible role of calcium signal in glioma motility is also discussed. This is a very important issue, since glioma cells, contrary to the vast majority of neoplastic cells, cannot spread in the body with the bloodstream and, at least in early stages of tumor development, may expand only by means of sheer motility.
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