1
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Zhou J, Tian B, Zhai Y, Wang M, Liu S, Li J, Li S, James TD, Chen Z. Photoactivated room temperature phosphorescence from lignin. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7198. [PMID: 39169019 PMCID: PMC11339440 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51545-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sustainable photoactivated room temperature phosphorescent materials exhibit great potential but are difficult to obtain. Here, we develop photoactivated room temperature phosphorescent materials by covalently attaching lignin to polylactic acid, where lignin and polylactic acid are the chromophore and matrix, respectively. Initially the phosphorescence of the lignin is quenched by residual O2. However, the phosphorescence is switched on when the residual oxygen is consumed by the triplet excitons of lignin under continuous UV light irradiation. As such, the lifetime increases from 3.0 ms to 221.1 ms after 20 s of UV activation. Interestingly, the phosphorescence is quenched again after being kept under an atmosphere of air for 2 h in the absence of UV irradiation due to the diffusion of oxygen into the materials. Using these properties, as-developed material is successfully used as a smart anti-counterfeiting logo for a medicine bottle and for information recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- International joint lab of advanced biomass materials, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Bing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- International joint lab of advanced biomass materials, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yingxiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
- International joint lab of advanced biomass materials, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.
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2
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Ivancevic MR, Wisch JA, Burlingame QC, Rand BP, Loo YL. A General Approach to Activate Second-Scale Room Temperature Photoluminescence in Organic Small Molecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402478. [PMID: 38970534 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Organic small molecules that exhibit second-scale phosphorescence at room temperature are of interest for potential applications in sensing, anticounterfeiting, and bioimaging. However, such materials systems are uncommon-requiring millisecond to second-scale triplet lifetimes, efficient intersystem crossing, and slow rates of nonradiative recombination. Here, a simple and scalable approach is demonstrated to activate long-lived phosphorescence in a wide variety of molecules by suspending them in rigid polymer hosts and annealing them above the polymer's glass transition temperature. This process produces submicron aggregates of the chromophore, which suppresses intramolecular motion that leads to nonradiative recombination and minimizes triplet-triplet annihilation that quenches phosphorescence in larger aggregates. In some cases, evidence of excimer-mediated intersystem crossing that enhances triplet generation in aggregated chromophores is found. In short, this approach circumvents the current design rules for long-lived phosphors, which will streamline their discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko R Ivancevic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Jesse A Wisch
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Quinn C Burlingame
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Barry P Rand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Yueh-Lin Loo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
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3
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Tani Y, Miyata K, Ou E, Oshima Y, Komura M, Terasaki M, Kimura S, Ehara T, Kubo K, Onda K, Ogawa T. Fast, efficient, narrowband room-temperature phosphorescence from metal-free 1,2-diketones: rational design and the mechanism. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10784-10793. [PMID: 39027300 PMCID: PMC11253173 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02841d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We report metal-free organic 1,2-diketones that exhibit fast and highly efficient room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with high colour purity under various conditions, including solutions. RTP quantum yields reached 38.2% in solution under Ar, 54% in a polymer matrix in air, and 50% in crystalline solids in air. Moreover, the narrowband RTP consistently dominated the steady-state emission, regardless of the molecular environment. Detailed mechanistic studies using ultrafast spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray structure analysis, and theoretical calculations revealed picosecond intersystem crossing (ISC) followed by RTP from a planar conformation. Notably, the phosphorescence rate constant k p was unambiguously established as ∼5000 s-1, which is comparable to that of platinum porphyrins (representative heavy-metal phosphor). This inherently large k p enabled the high-efficiency RTP across diverse molecular environments, thus complementing the streamlined persistent RTP approach. The mechanism behind the photofunction has been elucidated as follows: (1) the large k p is due to efficient intensity borrowing of the T1 state from the bright S3 state, (2) the rapid ISC occurs from the S1 to the T3 state because these states are nearly isoenergetic and have a considerable spin-orbit coupling, and (3) the narrowband emission results from the minimal geometry change between the T1 and S0 states. Such mechanistic understanding based on molecular orbitals, as well as the structure-RTP property relationship study, highlighted design principles embodied by the diketone planar conformer. The fast RTP strategy enables development of organic phosphors with emissions independent of environmental conditions, thereby offering alternatives to precious-metal based phosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Tani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University Suita Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Miyata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Erika Ou
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Yuya Oshima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Mao Komura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Morihisa Terasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Shuji Kimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takumi Ehara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Koki Kubo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Ken Onda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takuji Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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4
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Hua Z, Wang L, Gong S, Tian Y, Fu H. Recent strategies for triplet-state emission regulation toward non-lead organic-inorganic metal halides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7246-7265. [PMID: 38916248 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01700e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic metal halides (OIMHs) have strengthened the development of triplet-state emission materials due to their excellent luminescence performance. Due to the inherent toxicity of lead (Pb) significantly limiting its further advancement, numerous studies have been conducted to regulate triplet-state emission of non-Pb OIMHs, and several feasible strategies have been proposed. However, most of the non-Pb OIMHs reported have a relatively short lifetime or a low luminescence efficiency, not in favor of their application. In this review, we provide a summary of recent reports on the regulation of triplet-state emissions in non-Pb OIMHs to provide benefits for the design of innovative luminescent materials. Our focus is primarily on exploring the internal and external factors that influence the triplet-state emission. Starting from the luminescence mechanism, the current strategies for regulating triplet-state emissions are summarized. Moreover, by manipulating these strategies, it becomes feasible to achieve triplet-state emissions that span a range of colors from blue to red, and even extend into the near-infrared spectrum with high luminescence efficiency, while also increasing their lifetimes. This review not only provides fresh insights into the advancement of triplet-state emissions in OIMHs but also integrates experimental and theoretical perspectives to illuminate the trajectory of future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorui Hua
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Lingyi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Shuyan Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Song Y, Duan X, Jiang YN, Ma Y. B-O-O-B Impurity Induces Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Boric Acid. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6890-6895. [PMID: 38934585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Organic materials that can emit ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) have attracted a great deal of interest. Whether the pure boric acid (BA) solid can emit RTP and the origin of the RTP in BA caused a debate recently. Herein, our first-principles calculations and experimental measurements suggest that RTP of BA originates from the B-O-O-B group in a (H2BO3)2 species, which can be formed by polymerization of two dehydrogenated BA molecules under light irradiation. The calculated absorption, fluorescence, and phosphorescence spectra of B-O-O-B match well with the experiments. Experimental X-ray photoelectron and X-ray absorption spectra evidence the existence of B-O-O-B in BA. The O-O bond in B-O-O-B can break upon optical excitation, creating two B-O radicals. Radiative transition from localized dangling orbitals of the B-O radicals to the delocalized orbitals of the crystal bulk leads to the observed RTP. Our calculated phosphorescence lifetime is ∼1 s, which agrees well with the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
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6
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Shen Y, Wang B, Wang P, Chen Y, Xu Z, Huang W, Wu D. Achieving Dual Emission of Fluorescence and Phosphorescence from Anti-Kasha's Metal-Organic Halides for Information Encryption. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12073-12080. [PMID: 38946340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Luminescent materials typically emit their fluorescence or phosphorescence at a specific wavelength with different excitation energies via the so-called Kasha's rule. If fluorescence or phosphorescence emission via anti-Kasha's rule could be achieved, it will hold great promise for applications in many fields. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of new metal-organic halide materials with dual emission of efficient room-temperature phosphorescence and fluorescence, which obey anti-Kasha's rule. Here, three emitting metal-organic halides with formula [ZnX2(bidpe)] (X = Cl for 1, X = Br for 2, X = I for 3, bidpe = 4,4'-bis(imidazol-1-yl)diphenyl ether) were prepared and their photophysical properties were investigated. The complexes exhibit dual emission of fluorescence and phosphorescence via anti-Kasha's rule, and their RTP properties of resultant products are modulated by halide substitution synthesis. DFT calculations indicate that the singlet states exhibit a halide-ligand charge transfer (XLCT) character while the triplet states are dominated by the intraligand π-π* transitions. Furthermore, the multilevel information encryption and anticounterfeiting applications are developed by virtue of anti-Kasha's rule emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Dayu Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
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7
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Panda SK, De A, Banerjee S. Room-temperature phosphorescence from organic materials in aqueous media. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:796-829. [PMID: 38837372 DOI: 10.1111/php.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, organic materials with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) features have gained significant attention due to their wide applications in the fields of bioimaging, light-harvesting materials, encryption technology, etc. Although several examples of organic RTP materials in the crystalline state and polymer-based systems have been reported in the last decade or so, achieving organic RTP in the solution phase, particularly in the aqueous phase has remained a challenging task. Herein in this review, we summarize the progress in this direction by highlighting design strategies based on supramolecular scaffolding and host-guest complexation and the applications of such aqueous organic RTP materials in bioimaging, sensing, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar Panda
- The Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, India
| | - Antara De
- The Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, India
| | - Supratim Banerjee
- The Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, India
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8
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Liu H, Su H, Chen N, Cen J, Tan J, Zhang B, Chen X, Cheng A, Fu S, Zhou X, Liu S, Zhang X, Liu S, Luo Y, Zhang G. Water-Ice Microstructures and Hydration States of Acridinium Iodide Studied by Phosphorescence Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405314. [PMID: 38602843 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Ice has been suggested to have played a significant role in the origin of life partly owing to its ability to concentrate organic molecules and promote reaction efficiency. However, the techniques for studying organic molecules in ice are absorption-based, which limits the sensitivity of measurements. Here we introduce an emission-based method to study organic molecules in water ice: the phosphorescence displays high sensitivity depending on the hydration state of an organic salt probe, acridinium iodide (ADI). The designed ADI aqueous system exhibits phosphorescence that can be severely perturbed when the temperature is higher than 110 K at a concentration of the order of 10-5 M, indicating changes in hydration for ADI. Using the ADI phosphorescent probe, it is found that the microstructures of water ice, i.e., crystalline vs. glassy, can be strongly dictated by a trace amount (as low as 10-5 M) of water-soluble organic molecules. Consistent with cryoSEM images and temperature-dependent Raman spectral data, the ADI is dehydrated in more crystalline ice and hydrated in more glassy ice. The current investigation serves as a starting point for using more sensitive spectroscopic techniques for studying water-organics interactions at a much lower concentration and wider temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hao Su
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jie Cen
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiajia Tan
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | | | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | | | - Shengquan Fu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiaoguo Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shilin Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
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9
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Liu M, Yang Z, Feng Z, Zhao N, Bian R, Wu J, Yang Q, Zhao S, Liu H, Yang B. Combining Functional Units to Design Organic Materials with Dynamic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence under Continuous Ultraviolet Irradiation. Molecules 2024; 29:2621. [PMID: 38893497 PMCID: PMC11173552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing materials with dynamic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) properties is crucial for expanding the applications of organic light-emitting materials. In this study, we designed and synthesized two novel RTP molecules by combining functional units, incorporating the folded unit thianthrene into the classic luminescent cores thioxanthone or anthraquinone to construct TASO and TA2O. In this combination, the TA unit contributes to the enhancement of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), while the luminescent core governs the triplet energy level. After the strategic manipulation of SOC using the thianthrene unit, the target molecules exhibited a remarkable enhancement in RTP performance. This strategy led to the successful development of TASO and TA2O molecules with outstanding dynamic RTP properties when exposed to continuous ultraviolet irradiation, a result that can be ascribed to their efficient RTP, improved absorption ability, and oxygen-sensitive RTP properties. Leveraging the oxygen-mediated ultraviolet-radiation-induced RTP enhancement in TASO-doped polymer films, we developed a novel time-resolved detection technique for identifying phase separation in polymers with varying oxygen permeability. This research offers a promising approach for constructing materials with dynamic RTP properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhe Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ningyuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China (J.W.)
| | - Ruihua Bian
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China (J.W.)
| | - Jinpu Wu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China (J.W.)
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shuaiqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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10
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Alexander E, Lee B, Pham D, Garcia-Rodriguez S, Gryczynski Z, Gryczynski I. Photophysical properties of DAPI in PVA films. Possibility of room temperature phosphorescence. Anal Biochem 2024; 689:115498. [PMID: 38423238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
We studied the spectral properties of 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) in poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films. Absorption and fluorescence spectra, emission and excitation spectra, quantum yield, and fluorescence lifetime have been characterized. An efficient room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of DAPI has been observed with UV and blue light excitations. A few hundred millisecond phosphorescence lifetime enables a gated detection with sufficient background reduction. We found the phosphorescent Quantum Yield of DAPI in PVA Film to be 0.0009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Alexander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA.
| | - Bong Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Danh Pham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | | | - Zygmunt Gryczynski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Ignacy Gryczynski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
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11
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Yang G, Hao S, Deng X, Song X, Sun B, Hyun WJ, Li MD, Dang L. Efficient intersystem crossing and tunable ultralong organic room-temperature phosphorescence via doping polyvinylpyrrolidone with polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4674. [PMID: 38824140 PMCID: PMC11144212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials have tremendous advantages in applications owing to their low cost, vast resources, and easy processability. However, designing polymer-based room-temperature phosphorescent materials with large Stokes shifts as key requirements in biocompatibility and environmental-friendly performance is still challenging. By generating charge transfer states as the gangplank from singlet excited states to triplet states in doped organic molecules, we find a host molecule (pyrrolidone) that affords charge transfer with doped guest molecules, and excellent polymer-based organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials can be easily fabricated when polymerizing the host molecule. By adding polyaromatic hydrocarbon molecules as electron-donor in polyvinylpyrrolidone, efficient intersystem crossing and tunable phosphorescent from green to near-infrared can be achieved, with maximum phosphorescence wavelength and lifetime up to 757 nm and 3850 ms, respectively. These doped polyvinylpyrrolidone materials have good photoactivation properties, recyclability, advanced data encryption, and anti-counterfeiting. This reported design strategy paves the way for the design of polyvinylpyrrolidone-based room-temperature phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key (Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint) Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Guangdong, 515063, P. R. China
| | - Subin Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key (Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint) Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Guangdong, 515063, P. R. China
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key (Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint) Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Guangdong, 515063, P. R. China
| | - Xinluo Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key (Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint) Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Guangdong, 515063, P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Institute for Eco-environmental Research of Sanyang Wetland, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, P. R. China.
| | - Woo Jin Hyun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Ming-De Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key (Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint) Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Guangdong, 515063, P. R. China.
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515031, China.
| | - Li Dang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key (Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint) Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Guangdong, 515063, P. R. China.
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12
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Thomas H, Achenbach T, Hodgkinson IM, Spoerer Y, Kuehnert I, Dornack C, Schellhammer KS, Reineke S. Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Natural, Organic Emitters and Their Application in Industrially Compostable Programmable Luminescent Tags. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310674. [PMID: 38581239 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors provide the potential of biodegradable technologies, but prototypes do only rarely exist. Transparent, ultrathin programmable luminescent tags (PLTs) are presented for minimalistic yet efficient information storage that are fully made from biodegradable or at least industrially compostable, ready-to-use materials (bioPLTs). As natural emitters, the quinoline alkaloids show sufficient room temperature phosphorescence when being embedded in polymer matrices with cinchonine exhibiting superior performance. Polylactic acid provides a solution for both the matrix material and the flexible substrate. Room temperature phosphorescence can be locally controlled by the oxygen concentration in the film by using Exceval as additional oxygen blocking layers. These bioPLTs exhibit all function-defining characteristics also found in their regular nonenvironmentally degradable analogs and, additionally, provide a simplified, high-contrast readout under continuous-wave illumination as a consequence of the unique luminescence properties of the natural emitter cinchonine. Limitations for flexible devices arise from limited thermal stability of the polylactic acid foil used as substrate allowing only for one writing cycle and preventing an annealing step during fabrication. Few-cycle reprogramming is possible when using the architecture of the bioPLTs on regular quartz substrates. This work realizes the versatile platform of PLTs with less harmful materials offering more sustainable use in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Thomas
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden, Hermann-Krone-Bau, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tim Achenbach
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden, Hermann-Krone-Bau, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Isla Marie Hodgkinson
- Chair of Waste Management and Circular Economy, Technische Universität Dresden, Pratzschwitzer Str. 15, 01796, Pirna, Germany
| | - Yvonne Spoerer
- Department Processing Technology, Institute of Polymer Materials, Leibniz-Institut fuer Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ines Kuehnert
- Department Processing Technology, Institute of Polymer Materials, Leibniz-Institut fuer Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christina Dornack
- Chair of Waste Management and Circular Economy, Technische Universität Dresden, Pratzschwitzer Str. 15, 01796, Pirna, Germany
| | - Karl Sebastian Schellhammer
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden, Hermann-Krone-Bau, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Reineke
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden, Hermann-Krone-Bau, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
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13
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Yao X, Li Y, Shi H, Yu Z, Wu B, Zhou Z, Zhou C, Zheng X, Tang M, Wang X, Ma H, Meng Z, Huang W, An Z. Narrowband room temperature phosphorescence of closed-loop molecules through the multiple resonance effect. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4520. [PMID: 38806515 PMCID: PMC11133472 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Luminescent materials with narrowband emission show great potential for diverse applications in optoelectronics. Purely organic phosphors with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) have made significant success in rationally manipulating quantum efficiency, lifetimes, and colour gamut in the past years, but there is limited attention on the purity of the RTP colours. Herein we report a series of closed-loop molecules with narrowband phosphorescence by multiple resonance effect, which significantly improves the colour purity of RTP. Phosphors show narrowband phosphorescence with full width at half maxima (FWHM) of 30 nm after doping into a rigid benzophenone matrix under ambient conditions, of which the RTP efficiency reaches 51.8%. At 77 K, the FWHM of phosphorescence is only 11 nm. Meanwhile, the colour of narrowband RTP can be tuned from sky blue to green with the modification of methyl groups. Additionally, the potential applications in X-ray imaging and display are demonstrated. This work not only outlines a design principle for developing narrowband RTP materials but also makes a major step forward extending the potential applications of narrowband luminescent materials in optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Beishen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Zixing Zhou
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chifeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Xifang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Mengting Tang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Henan Institute of Flexible Electronics (HIFE) and School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Henan Institute of Flexible Electronics (HIFE) and School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.
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14
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Pan Z, Song J, Zhang S, Zeng P, Mei J, Qu DH. Tailoring raloxifene into single-component molecular crystals possessing multilevel stimuli-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1237-1248. [PMID: 38458915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneously achieving room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and multiple-stimuli responsiveness in a single-component system is of significance but remains challenging. Crystallization has been recognized to be a workable strategy to fulfill the above task. However, how the molecular packing mode affects the intersystem crossing and RTP lifetime concurrently remains unclear so far. Herein, four economic small-molecular compounds, analogues of the famous drug raloxifene (RALO), are facilely synthesized and further explored as neat single-component and stimuli-responsive RTP emitters via crystallization engineering. Thanks to their simple structures and high ease to crystallize, these raloxifene analogues function as models to clarify the important role of molecular packing in the RTP and stimuli-responsiveness properties. Thorough combination of the single-crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculations clearly manifests that the tight antiparallel molecular packing mode is the key point to their RTP behaviors. Interestingly, harnessing the controllable and reversible phase transitions of the two polymorphs of RALO-OAc driven by mechanical force, solvent vapor, and heat, a single-component multilevel stimuli-responsive platform with tunable emission color is established and further exploited for optical information encryption. This work would shed light on the rational design of multi-stimuli responsive RTP systems based on single-component organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Pan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jinming Song
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ju Mei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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15
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Luo X, Zeng Y, Wei H, Zheng X. Host-guest interaction induced room-temperature phosphorescence enhancement of organic dyes: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14071-14078. [PMID: 38687143 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00891j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
To achieve the effective regulation of organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in supramolecular systems, the elucidation of host-guest interactions in RTP is of vital importance. Herein, we employed two organic dyes (PYCl and PYBr) and their four host-guest complexes with CB[6] and CB[7] and explored the mechanism of host-guest interaction induced RTP enhancement using quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach. For the two organic dyes, we found that the better RTP performance of PYBr than PYCl is attributed to intersystem crossing (ISC) augmentation induced by the heavy atom effect. Binding to CB[6] through host-guest interactions can simultaneously accelerate the radiative decay process by increasing the transition dipole moment of T1 → S0 (μT1→S0), block the nonradiative decay process, and promote the ISC process, eventually leading to a remarkably boosted RTP. Upon complexation, the conversion of S1 from 1(n, π*) to 1(π, π*) is key to μT1→S0 enhancement; reduced reorganization energies reflect the suppression of the nonradiative decay process by restricting the rotation of rings A and B in organic dyes. In addition, the promoted ISC process is due to the activation of more ISC channels between S1 and high-lying triplet states with large spin-orbital coupling constants and small energy gap. The case of CB[7]-type complexes is much different, because of the extremely large cavity size of CB[7] for encapsulation. This work proposes the mechanism of host-guest interaction-induced RTP enhancement of organic dyes, thus laying a solid foundation for the rational design of advanced RTP materials based on supramolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Haoran Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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16
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Lu G, Tan J, Wang H, Man Y, Chen S, Zhang J, Duan C, Han C, Xu H. Delayed room temperature phosphorescence enabled by phosphines. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3705. [PMID: 38697970 PMCID: PMC11066103 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) usually emerges instantly and immediately decays after excitation removal. Here we report a new delayed RTP that is postponed by dozens of milliseconds after excitation removal and decays in two steps including an initial increase in intensity followed by subsequent decrease in intensity. The delayed RTP is achieved through introduction of phosphines into carbazole emitters. In contrast to the rapid energy transfer from single-molecular triplet states (T1) to stabilized triplet states (Tn*) of instant RTP systems, phosphine groups insert their intermediate states (TM) between carbazole-originated T1 and Tn* of carbazole-phosphine hybrids. In addition to markedly increasing emission lifetimes by ten folds, since TM → Tn* transition require >30 milliseconds, RTP is thereby postponed by dozens of milliseconds. The emission character of carbazole-phosphine hybrids can be used to reveal information through combining instant and delayed RTP, realizing multi-level time resolution for advanced information, biological and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jing Tan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yi Man
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Chunbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) & School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, 150080, Harbin, P. R. China.
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17
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Zhu Y, He M, Qu L, Wang Y, Li C, Huang J, Chen Q, Yang C. Unique Visualization Growth Process of Long-Lived Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Polymer System. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309081. [PMID: 38050934 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, embedding organic phosphors into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix has emerged as a convenient strategy to obtain efficient long-lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) via forming strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds with organic phosphors to minimize nonradiative relaxations. Regrettably, it is discovered that PVA is unable to trigger RTP emission when a novel functional phosphor THBE containing six extended biphenyl formaldehyde arms is doped into PVA matrix. Surprisingly, the excellent long-lived RTP emission can be easily obtained by doping THBE into PVA analogs, poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (PVA-co-PE). The unique visualization growth process (i.e., white streak generation) of long-lived RTP is observed by UV light-driven aggregation of functional molecules THBE in PVA-co-PE matrix. The phosphorescent intensity of the luminescent film is enhanced by 55 times, from 729 to 40,785 a.u., and its phosphorescence lifetime is increased by 38 times, from 37.08 to 1415.41 ms. Due to the dynamically reversible RTP performance, as well as the permeability, flexibility, and wrinkle-free properties of the luminescent film, it can be utilized to create cutting-edge information storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Meiyi He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Lunjun Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jiayue Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Qingao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chaolong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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18
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Zheng H, Zhang Z, Cai S, An Z, Huang W. Enhancing Purely Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence via Supramolecular Self-Assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311922. [PMID: 38270348 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Long-lived and highly efficient room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials are in high demand for practical applications in lighting and display, security signboards, and anti-counterfeiting. Achieving RTP in aqueous solutions, near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescence emission, and NIR-excited RTP are crucial for applications in bio-imaging, but these goals pose significant challenges. Supramolecular self-assembly provides an effective strategy to address the above problems. This review focuses on the recent advances in the enhancement of RTP via supramolecular self-assembly, covering four key aspects: small molecular self-assembly, cocrystals, the self-assembly of macrocyclic hosts and guests, and multi-stage supramolecular self-assembly. This review not only highlights progress in these areas but also underscores the prominent challenges associated with developing supramolecular RTP materials. The resulting strategies for the development of high-performance supramolecular RTP materials are discussed, aiming to satisfy the practical applications of RTP materials in biomedical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zheng
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Zaiyong Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Suzhi Cai
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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19
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Malpicci D, Maver D, Rosadoni E, Colombo A, Lucenti E, Marinotto D, Botta C, Bellina F, Cariati E, Forni A. 3-Ethynyltriimidazo[1,2- a:1',2'- c:1″,2″- e][1,3,5]triazine Dual Short- and Long-Lived Emissions with Crystallization-Enhanced Feature: Role of Hydrogen Bonds and π-π Interactions. Molecules 2024; 29:1967. [PMID: 38731457 PMCID: PMC11085060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic room temperature phosphorescent (ORTP) materials with stimuli-responsive, multicomponent emissive behaviour are extremely desirable for various applications. The derivative of cyclic triimidazole (TT) functionalized with an ethynyl group, TT-CCH, is isolated and investigated. The compound possesses crystallization-enhanced emission (CEE) comprising dual fluorescence and dual phosphorescence of both molecular and supramolecular origin with aggregation-induced components highly sensitive to grinding. The mechanisms involved in the emissions have been disclosed thanks to combined structural, spectroscopic and computational investigations. In particular, strong CH⋯N hydrogen bonds are deemed responsible, for the first time in the TT family, together with frequently observed π⋯π stacking interactions, for the aggregated fluorescence and phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Malpicci
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniele Maver
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Rosadoni
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy (F.B.)
| | - Alessia Colombo
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- INSTM Research Unit of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Lucenti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.L.); (D.M.)
- INSTM Research Unit of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Marinotto
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.L.); (D.M.)
- INSTM Research Unit of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Botta
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Fabio Bellina
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy (F.B.)
| | - Elena Cariati
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.L.); (D.M.)
- INSTM Research Unit of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Forni
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.L.); (D.M.)
- INSTM Research Unit of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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20
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Zhen J, Long J, Guo X, Wang Q, Zeng X. Tryptophan-Doped Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films with Ultralong-Lifetime Room-Temperature Phosphorescence and Color-Tunable Afterglow Under Ambient Conditions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304137. [PMID: 38253784 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The development of a persistent luminescence system with long-lived phosphorescence and color-tunable afterglow at room temperature represents a challenge, largely due to the intensive non-radiative deactivation pathway. In this study, an ultralong-lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) system has been achieved using a hydrogen-bonding strategy where poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrices were doped with tryptophan (Trp) derivatives. The PVA film doped with N-α-(9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-L-tryptophan (Fmoc-L-Trp) exhibited a long-lived phosphorescence emission of up to 3859.70 ms, and a blue afterglow for a duration greater than 34 s, under ambient conditions. The introduction of two other fluorescent dyes (i. e., Rhodamine B and Basicred14) to the PVA film facilitates adjustment to the color of the afterglow from blue to orange, and pink, by a triplet-to-singlet Förster-resonance energy transfer (TS-FRET) process. These films have been successfully applied in silk-screen printing and in multicolor afterglow light-emitting diode (LED) arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshuang Zhen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Jiangqin Long
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Qiusheng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xu Zeng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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21
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Chen Q, Qu L, Hou H, Huang J, Li C, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Zhou Q, Yang Y, Yang C. Long lifetimes white afterglow in slightly crosslinked polymer systems. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2947. [PMID: 38580680 PMCID: PMC10997626 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic polymer room-temperature phosphorescence (IPRTP) materials have attracted considerable attention for application in flexible electronics, information encryption, lighting displays, and other fields due to their excellent processabilities and luminescence properties. However, achieving multicolor long-lived luminescence, particularly white afterglow, in undoped polymers is challenging. Herein, we propose a strategy of covalently coupling different conjugated chromophores with poly(acrylic acid (AA)-AA-N-succinimide ester) (PAA-NHS) by a simple and rapid one-pot reaction to obtain pure polymers with long-lived RTPs of various colors. Among these polymers, the highest phosphorescence quantum yield of PAPHE reaches 14.7%. Furthermore, the afterglow colors of polymers can be modulated from blue to red by introducing three chromophores into them. Importantly, the acquired polymer TPAP-514 exhibits a white afterglow at room temperature with the chromaticity coordinates (0.33, 0.33) when the ratio of chromophores reaches a suitable value owing to the three-primary-color mechanism. Systematic studies prove that the emission comes from the superposition of different triplet excited states of the three components. Moreover, the potential applications of the obtained polymers in light-emitting diodes and dynamic anti-counterfeiting are explored. The proposed strategy provides a new idea for constructing intrinsic polymers with diverse white-light emission RTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Lunjun Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Hui Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jiayue Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chaolong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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22
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Li X, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Cai S, An Z, Huang W. Recent Advances in Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Metal-Organic Hybrids: Structures, Properties, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308290. [PMID: 37884272 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic hybrid (MOH) materials with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) have drawn attention in recent years due to their superior RTP properties of high phosphorescence efficiency and ultralong emission lifetime. Great achievement has been realized in developing MOH materials with high-performance RTP, but a systematic study on MOH materials with RTP feature is lacking. This review highlights recent advances in metal-organic hybrid RTP materials. The molecular packing, the photophysical properties, and their applications of metal-organic hybrid RTP materials are discussed in detail. Metal-organic hybrid RTP materials can be divided into six parts: coordination polymers, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), metal-halide hybrids, organic ionic crystals, organic ionic polymers, and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites. These RTP materials have been successfully applied in time-resolved data encryption, fingerprint recognition, information logic gates, X-ray imaging, and photomemory. This review not only provides the basic principles of designing RTP metal-organic hybrids, but also propounds the future research prospects of RTP metal-organic hybrids. This review offers many effective strategies for developing metal-organic hybrids with excellent RTP properties, thus satisfying practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Zaiyong Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Suzhi Cai
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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23
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Hayashi K, Hirata S. High-Resolution Afterglow Patterning Using Cooperative Vapo- and Photo-Stimulation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308103. [PMID: 38018335 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Bright afterglow room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) soon after ceasing excitation is a promising technique for greatly increasing anti-counterfeiting capabilities. The development of a process for rapid high-resolution afterglow patterning of crystalline materials can improve both high-speed fabrication of anti-counterfeiting afterglow media and stable afterglow readout compared with those achieved with amorphous materials. Here, the high-resolution afterglow patterning of crystalline materials via cooperative organic vapo- and photo-stimulation is reported. A single crystal of (S)-(-)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-5,5',6,6',7,7'8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-binaphthyl [(S)-H8-BINAP] doped with (S)-(-)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl [(S)-BINAP] shows green afterglow RTP. Crystals of (S)-BINAP-doped (S)-H8-BINAP changed to an amorphous state with no afterglow capability on weak continuous photoirradiation under dichloromethane (DCM) vapor. Photoirradiation induced oxidation of the (S)-H8-BINAP host molecule in the crystal. The oxidized (S)-H8-BINAP forms on the crystal surface strongly interacted with DCM molecules, which induces melting of the (S)-BINAP-doped (S)-H8-BINAP crystal and trigger formation of an amorphous state without an afterglow capability. High-resolution afterglow patterning of the crystalline film is rapidly achieved by using cooperative organic vapo- and photo-stimulation. In addition to the benefit of rapid afterglow patterning, the formed afterglow images of the crystalline film can be repeatedly read out under ambient conditions without DCM vapor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikuya Hayashi
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Shuzo Hirata
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
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24
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Wang F, Zhou S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Guo R, Xiao H, Sun X. Chiral Phosphorescent Carbonized Polymer Dots Relayed Light-Harvesting System for Color-Tunable Circularly Polarized Room Temperature Phosphorescence. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306969. [PMID: 37994220 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with a circularly polarized fluorescence property have received increasing attention in recent years. However, it is still a great challenge to construct circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence (CPRTP) CPDs. Herein, a simple approach to the synthesis of intrinsically CPRTP CPDs for the first time by utilizing sodium alginate and l-/d-arginine as precursors under relatively mild reaction conditions is presented. Notably, the CPDs exhibit both chirality and green RTP in solid states. Furthermore, color-tunable CPRTP is successfully achieved by engineering chiral light-harvesting systems based on circularly polarized phosphorescence resonance energy transfer (C-PRET) where the CPDs with green RTP function as an initiator of chirality and light absorbance, and commercially available fluorescent dyes with different emission colors ranging from yellow to red serve as the terminal acceptors. Through one-step or sequential C-PRET, the light-harvesting systems can simultaneously furnish energy transfer and chirality transmission/amplification. Given the multicolor long afterglow, lifetime-tunable, and CPRTP properties, their potential applications in multiple information encryption are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Shengju Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Youxin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Haibin Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
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25
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Gong H, Song Y, He J, Wang P, Xiang Y, Li S, Yao J, Liao B, Liao Q, Fu H. Switching from Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in Single Crystals for Low-Threshold Laser to Room-temperature Phosphorescence in Amorphous-Film for Highly Efficient OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400089. [PMID: 38270907 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic phosphorescent complexes containing Ir or Pt are work horse in organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology, which can harvest both singlet and triplet excitons in electroluminescence (EL) owing to strong heavy-atom effect. Recently, organic room-temperature phosphorescence (ORTP) have achieved high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in rigid crystalline state, which, however, is unsuitable for OLED fabrication, therefore leading to an EL efficiency far low behind those of metal-organic phosphorescent complexes. Here, we reported a luminescence mechanism switch from thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in single crystal microwires to ORTP in amorphous thin-films, based on a tert-butylcarbazole difluoroboron β-diketonate derivative of DtCzBF2. Tightly packed and well-faceted single-crystal microwires exhibit aggregation induced emission (AIE), enabling TADF microlasers at 473 nm with an optical gain coefficient as high as 852 cm-1 . In contrast, loosely packed dimers of DtCzBF2 formed in guest-host amorphous thin-films decrease the oscillator strength of fluorescence transition but stabilize triplets for ORTP with a PLQY up to 61 %, leading to solution-processed OLEDs with EQE approaching 20 %. This study opens possibilities of low-cost ORTP emitters for high performance OLEDs and future low-threshold electrically injected organic semiconductor lasers (OSLs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yixing Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jingping He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuhao Xiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P. R. China
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26
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Mao Y, Yao X, Yu Z, An Z, Ma H. Ground-State Orbital Descriptors for Accelerated Development of Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318836. [PMID: 38141053 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are in high demand for optoelectronics and bioelectronics. Developing RTP materials highly relies on expert experience and costly excited-state calculations. It is a challenge to find a tool for effectively screening RTP materials. Herein we first establish ground-state orbital descriptors (πFMOs ) derived from the π-electron component of the frontier molecular orbitals to characterize the RTP lifetime (τp ), achieving a balance in screening efficiency and accuracy. Using the πFMOs , a data-driven machine learning model gains a high accuracy in classifying long τp , filtering out 836 candidates with long-lived RTP from a virtual library of 19,295 molecules. With the aid of the excited-state calculations, 287 compounds are predicted with high RTP efficiency. Impressively, experiments further confirm the reliability of this workflow, opening a novel avenue for designing high-performance RTP materials for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Xiaokang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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27
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Miao Y, Lin F, Guo D, Chen J, Zhang K, Wu T, Huang H, Chi Z, Yang Z. Stable and ultralong room-temperature phosphorescent copolymers with excellent adhesion, resistance, and toughness. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk3354. [PMID: 38457505 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk3354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Developing stable room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emission without being affected by moisture and mechanical force remains a great challenge for purely organic systems, due to their triplet states sensitive to the infinitesimal motion of phosphors and the oxygen quencher. We report a kind of highly robust phosphorescent systems, by doping a rigid phosphor into a copolymer (polyvinyl butyral resin) matrix with a balance of mutually exclusive features, including a rigidly hydrophilic hydrogen bond network and elastically hydrophobic constituent. Impressively, these RTP polymeric films have superior adhesive ability on various surfaces and showed reversible photoactivated RTP with lifetimes up to 5.82 seconds, which can be used as in situ modulated anticounterfeit labels. They can maintain a bright afterglow for over 25.0 seconds under various practical conditions, such as storage in refrigerators, soaking in natural water for a month, or even being subjected to strong collisions and impacts. These findings provide deep insights for developing stable ultralong RTP materials with desirable comprehensive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Miao
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Faxu Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Danman Guo
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jinzheng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Kaimin Zhang
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Tongfei Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Huahua Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Chemicals, XinHuaYue Group, Maoming 525000, P.R. China
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28
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Huang W, Zhu Y, Zhou K, Chen L, Zhao Z, Zhao E, He Z. Boosting Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Alkyl-Locked Axial Chirality Scaffold by Restriction of Molecular Motions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303667. [PMID: 38057693 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Boosting the circularly polarized luminescence of small organic molecules has been a stubborn challenge because of weak structure rigidity and dynamic molecular motions. To investigate and eliminate these factors, here, we carried out the structure-property relationship studies on a newly-developed axial chiral scaffold of bidibenzo[b,d]furan. The molecular rigidity was finely tuned by gradually reducing the alkyl-chain length. The environmental factors were considered in solution, crystal, and polymer matrix at different temperatures. As a result, a significant amplification of the dissymmetry factor glum from 10-4 to 10-1 was achieved, corresponding to the situation from (R)-4C in solution to (R)-1C in polymer film at room temperature. A synergistic strategy of increasing the intramolecular rigidity and enhancing the intermolecular interaction to restrict the molecular motions was thus proposed to improve circularly polarized luminescence. The though-out demonstrated relationship will be of great importance for the development of high-performance small organic chiroptical systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Huang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kang Zhou
- Hoffman Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Letian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Engui Zhao
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zikai He
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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29
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Zhu X, Gu T, Zhao L, Gao W, Liu H, Nie L, Zhao F, Yue Y, He Q, An X, Hao P, Yakovlev AN, Hu T, Yu S, Xu X, Yu X, Wang T. Temperature-Dependent Color-Tunable Afterglow in Zirconium-Doped CsCdCl 3 Perovskite for Advanced Anti-Counterfeiting and Thermal Distribution Detection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306299. [PMID: 37929651 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Persistent luminescence (PersL) materials exhibit thermal-favored optical behavior, enabling their unique applications in security night vision signage, in vivo bioimaging, and optical anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, developing efficient and color-tunable PersL materials is significantly crucial in promoting advanced practical use. In this study, hexagonal Zr4+ -doped CsCdCl3 perovskite is synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction with a tunable photoluminescent (PL) behavior through heterovalent substitution. Moreover, the incorporation of Zr4+ ions result in an extra blue emission band, originating from the enhanced excitonic recombination in D3d octahedrons. Furthermore, the afterglow performances of the samples are dramatically improved, along with the noticeable temperature-dependent PersL as well as the thermo-luminescence with tunable color output. Detailed analysis reveals that the unique temperature-dependent PersL and thermo-luminescence color change are attributed to the presence of multiple luminous centers and abundant traps. Overall, this work facilitates the development of optical intelligence platforms and novel thermal distribution probes with the as-developed halides perovskite for its superior explored PersL characteristic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Zhu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
- The Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999999, China
| | - Tingxiang Gu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Rare-Earth Optical Functional Materials and Devices Development, School of Physics and Opto-Electronic Technology Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721016, China
| | - Wei Gao
- The Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999999, China
| | - Haozhe Liu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Lin Nie
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials Deformation and Damage from Multi-Scale, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Yang Yue
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials Deformation and Damage from Multi-Scale, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Qingshan He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials Deformation and Damage from Multi-Scale, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Xin An
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials Deformation and Damage from Multi-Scale, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Puyan Hao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Rare-Earth Optical Functional Materials and Devices Development, School of Physics and Opto-Electronic Technology Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721016, China
| | - Alexey Nikolaevich Yakovlev
- Institute of Chemical and Oil-Gas Technologies, Т.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, 28, Vesennyaya Street, Kemerovo, 650000, Russia
| | - Tingting Hu
- Institute of Chemical and Oil-Gas Technologies, Т.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, 28, Vesennyaya Street, Kemerovo, 650000, Russia
| | - Siufung Yu
- The Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999999, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xuhui Xu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Xue Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials Deformation and Damage from Multi-Scale, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
- The Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999999, China
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30
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Yuan J, Wang Y, Zhou B, Xie W, Zheng B, Zhang J, Li P, Yu T, Qi Y, Tao Y, Chen R. Direct Population of Triplet States for Efficient Organic Afterglow through the Intra/Intermolecular Heavy-Atom Effect. Molecules 2024; 29:1014. [PMID: 38474526 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic afterglow is a fascinating phenomenon with exceptional applications. However, it encounters challenges such as low intensity and efficiency, and typically requires UV-light excitation and facile intersystem crossing (ISC) due to its spin-forbidden nature. Here, we develop a novel strategy that bypasses the conventional ISC pathway by promoting singlet-triplet transition through the synergistic effects of the intra/intermolecular heavy-atom effect in aromatic crystals, enabling the direct population of triplet excited states from the ground state. The resulting materials exhibit a bright organic afterglow with a remarkably enhanced quantum efficiency of up to 5.81%, and a significantly increased organic afterglow lifetime of up to 157 microseconds under visible light. Moreover, given the high-efficiency visible-light excitable organic afterglow emission, the potential application is demonstrated in lifetime-resolved, color-encoded, and excitation wavelength-dependent pattern encryption. This work demonstrates the importance of the direct population method in enhancing the organic afterglow performance and red-shifting the excitation wavelength, and provides crucial insights for advancing organic optoelectronic technologies that involve triplet states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Engineering Technology Training Center, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, 1 Yangshan North Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yongrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Binbin Zhou
- Engineering Technology Training Center, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, 1 Yangshan North Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjing Xie
- Engineering Technology Training Center, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, 1 Yangshan North Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Botao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Engineering Technology Training Center, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, 1 Yangshan North Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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31
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Huang Y, Ning L, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Gong Q, Zhang Q. Stimuli-fluorochromic smart organic materials. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1090-1166. [PMID: 38193263 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00976e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Smart materials based on stimuli-fluorochromic π-conjugated solids (SFCSs) have aroused significant interest due to their versatile and exciting properties, leading to advanced applications. In this review, we highlight the recent developments in SFCS-based smart materials, expanding beyond organometallic compounds and light-responsive organic luminescent materials, with a discussion on the design strategies, exciting properties and stimuli-fluorochromic mechanisms along with their potential applications in the exciting fields of encryption, sensors, data storage, display, green printing, etc. The review comprehensively covers single-component and multi-component SFCSs as well as their stimuli-fluorochromic behaviors under external stimuli. We also provide insights into current achievements, limitations, and major challenges as well as future opportunities, aiming to inspire further investigation in this field in the near future. We expect this review to inspire more innovative research on SFCSs and their advanced applications so as to promote further development of smart materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Lijian Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qiuyu Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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32
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Zhao H, Jia X, Zhang M, Zhu L. Construction of Carbon Dots@LiCl-polyacrylamide with Humidity-Induced Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence to Fluorescence and Rigid-to-Flexible Transition Behavior. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300538. [PMID: 37877956 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The continuous advancement of luminescent materials has placed increasingly stringent requirements on dynamic color-tunable ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (URTP) materials that can respond to external stimuli. Nevertheless, endowing URTP materials with stimuli-response-induced dynamic color tuning is a challenging task. This study introduces a carbon dots (CDs)@LiCl-polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer system that switches from URTP to fluorescence under humidity stimuli, accompanied by a transition from rigidity to flexibility. The obtained rigid CDs@LiCl-PAM exhibits ultralong green phosphorescence with a lifetime of 560 ms in the initial state. After absorbing moisture, it becomes flexible and its phosphorescence switches off. Moreover, the emission of the CDs@LiCl-PAM film depends on the excitation wavelength. This property can potentially used in multicolored luminescence applications and displays. Moreover, multicolor luminescent patterns can be constructed in situ using the water-absorption ability of the obtained thin film and the Förster resonance energy-transfer strategy. The proposed strategy is expected to promote the interdisciplinary development of intelligent information encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and smart flexible display materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, College of Future Technical, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaoyong Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, College of Future Technical, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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33
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Liu J, Song ZP, Wei J, Wu JJ, Wang MZ, Li JG, Ma Y, Li BX, Lu YQ, Zhao Q. Circularly Polarized Organic Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence with A High Dissymmetry Factor in Chiral Helical Superstructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306834. [PMID: 37633310 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of organic materials holds a significant potential for optical information. Circularly polarized organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (CP-OURTP) with extremely high dissymmetry factor (glum ) values is even highly demanded and considerably challenging. Here, an effective strategy is introduced to realize CP-OURTP with an emission decay time of 735 ms and a glum value up to 1.49, which exceeds two orders of magnitude larger than previous records, through a system composed of RTP polymers and chiral helical superstructures. The system exhibits excellent stability under multiple cycles of photoirradiation and thermal treatment, and is further employed for information encryption based on optical multiplexing. The results are anticipated to lay the foundation for the development of CP-OURTP materials in advanced photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhen-Peng Song
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Juan Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Meng-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jian-Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bing-Xiang Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan-Qing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Feng W, Chen D, Zhao Y, Mu B, Yan H, Barboiu M. Modulation of Deep-Red to Near-Infrared Room-Temperature Charge-Transfer Phosphorescence of Crystalline "Pyrene Box" Cages by Coupled Ion/Guest Structural Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2484-2493. [PMID: 38229260 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Organic cocrystals obtained from multicomponent self-assembly have garnered considerable attention due to their distinct phosphorescence properties and broad applications. Yet, there have been limited reports on cocrystal systems that showcase efficient deep-red to near-infrared (NIR) charge-transfer (CT) phosphorescence. Furthermore, effective strategies to modulate the emission pathways of both fluorescence and phosphorescence remain underexplored. In this work, we dedicated our work to four distinct self-assembled cocrystals called "pyrene box" cages using 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonate anions (PTS4-), 4-iodoaniline (1), guanidinium (G+), diaminoguanidinium (A2G+), and hydrated K+ countercations. The binding of such cations to PTS4- platforms adaptively modulates their supramolecular stacking self-assembly with guest molecules 1, allowing to steer the fluorescence and phosphorescence pathways. Notably, the confinement of guest molecule 1 within "pyrene box" PTSK{1} and PTSG{1} cages leads to an efficient deep-red to NIR CT phosphorescence emission. The addition of fuming gases like triethylamine and HCl allows reversible pH modulations of guest binding, which in turn induce a reversible transition of the "pyrene box" cage between fluorescence and phosphorescence states. This capability was further illustrated through a proof-of-concept demonstration in shrimp freshness detection. Our findings not only lay a foundation for future supramolecular designs leveraging weak intermolecular host-guest interactions to engineer excited states in interacting chromophores but also broaden the prospective applications of room-temperature phosphorescence materials in food safety detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixu Feng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Dong Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Bin Mu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi,China
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Europeen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nano-systems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM-CNRS, Place E. Bataillon CC047, Montpellier F-34095, France
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35
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Liang LY, Chen BB, Gao YT, Lv J, Liu ML, Li DW. Aqueous Solution Enhanced Room Temperature Phosphorescence through Coordination-Induced Structural Rigidity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308180. [PMID: 37799108 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving aqueous solution enhanced room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is critical for the applications of RTP materials in solution phase, but which faces a great challenge. Herein, for the first time, a strategy of coordination-induced structural rigidity is proposed to achieve enhanced quantum efficiency of aluminum/scandium-doped phosphorescent microcubes (Al/Sc-PMCs) in aqueous solution. The Al/Sc-PMCs in a dry state exhibit a nearly invisible blue RTP. However, they emit a strong RTP emission in aqueous solution with a RTP intensity increase of up to 22.16-times, which is opposite to common solution-quenched RTP. The RTP enhancement mechanism is attributed to the abundant metal sites (Al3+ and Sc3+ ions) on the Al/Sc-PMCs surface that can tightly combine with water molecules through the strong coordination. Subsequently, these coordinated water molecules as the bridging agent can bind with surface groups by hydrogen bonding interaction, thereby rigidifying chemical groups and inhibiting their motions, resulting in the transition from the nonradiative decay to the radiative decay, which greatly enhances the RTP efficiency of the Al/Sc-PMCs. This work not only develops a coordination rigidity strategy to enhance RTP intensity in aqueous solution, but also constructs a phosphorescent probe to achieve reliable and accurate determination of analyte in complex biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ya Liang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bin Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Ya Ting Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian Lv
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Meng Li Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, 518172, China
- Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Da Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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36
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Chang B, Chen J, Bao J, Sun T, Cheng Z. Molecularly Engineered Room-Temperature Phosphorescence for Biomedical Application: From the Visible toward Second Near-Infrared Window. Chem Rev 2023; 123:13966-14037. [PMID: 37991875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence, characterized by luminescent lifetimes significantly longer than that of biological autofluorescence under ambient environment, is of great value for biomedical applications. Academic evidence of fluorescence imaging indicates that virtually all imaging metrics (sensitivity, resolution, and penetration depths) are improved when progressing into longer wavelength regions, especially the recently reported second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) window. Although the emission wavelength of probes does matter, it is not clear whether the guideline of "the longer the wavelength, the better the imaging effect" is still suitable for developing phosphorescent probes. For tissue-specific bioimaging, long-lived probes, even if they emit visible phosphorescence, enable accurate visualization of large deep tissues. For studies dealing with bioimaging of tiny biological architectures or dynamic physiopathological activities, the prerequisite is rigorous planning of long-wavelength phosphorescence, being aware of the cooperative contribution of long wavelengths and long lifetimes for improving the spatiotemporal resolution, penetration depth, and sensitivity of bioimaging. In this Review, emerging molecular engineering methods of room-temperature phosphorescence are discussed through the lens of photophysical mechanisms. We highlight the roles of phosphorescence with emission from visible to NIR-II windows toward bioapplications. To appreciate such advances, challenges and prospects in rapidly growing studies of room-temperature phosphorescence are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jiasheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
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37
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Qiu X, Yang X, Guo Q, Liu J, Zhang X. Ln-HOF Nanofiber Organogels with Time-Resolved Luminescence for Programmable and Reliable Encryption. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11916-11924. [PMID: 38055678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Developing tunable luminescent materials for high throughput information storage is highly desired following the explosive growth of global data. Although considerable success has been achieved, achieving programmable information encryption remains challenging due to current signal crosstalk problems. Here, we developed long-lived room-temperature phosphorescent organogels enabled by lanthanum-coordinated hydrogen-bonded organic framework nanofibers for time-resolved information programming. Via modulating coassembled lanthanum concentration and Förster resonance energy transfer efficiency, the lifetimes are prolonged and facilely manipulated (20-644 ms), realizing encoding space enlargement and multichannel data outputs. The aggregated strong interfacial supramolecular bonding endows organogels with excellent mechanical toughness (36.16 MJ m-2) and self-healing properties (95.7%), synergistically achieving photostability (97.6% lifetime retention in 10000 fatigue cycles) via suppressing nonradiative decays. This work presents a lifetime-gated information programmable strategy via lanthanum-coordination regulation that promisingly breaks through limitations of current responsive luminescent materials, opening unprecedented avenues for high-level information encryption and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Quanquan Guo
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Jize Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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38
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Yu J, Sun Z, Ma H, Wang C, Huang W, He Z, Wu W, Hu H, Zhao W, Zhu WH. Efficient Visible-Light-Activated Ultra-Long Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Triggered by Multi-Esterification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202316647. [PMID: 37968887 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of ultra-long room-temperature phosphorescence (UL-RTP) in processable amorphous organic materials is highly desirable for applications in flexible displays, anti-counterfeiting, and bio-imaging. However, achieving efficient UL-RTP from amorphous materials remains a challenging task, especially with activation by visible light and a bright afterglow. Here we report a general and rational molecular-design strategy to enable efficient visible-light-excited UL-RTP by multi-esterification of a rigid large-plane phosphorescence core. Notably, multi-esterification minimizes the aggregation-induced quenching and accomplishes a 'four birds with one stone' possibility in the generation and radiation process of UL-RTP: i) shifting the excitation from ultraviolet light to blue-light through enhancing the transition dipole moment of low-lying singlet-states, ii) facilitating the intersystem crossing process through the incorporation of lone-pair electrons, iii) boosting the decay process of long-lived triplet excitons resulting from a significantly increased transition dipole moment, and iv) reducing the intrinsic triplet nonradiative decay by substitution of high-frequency vibrating hydrogen atoms. All these factors synergistically contribute to the most efficient and stable visible-light-stimulated UL-RTP (lifetime up to 2.01 s and efficiency up to 35.4 % upon excitation at 450 nm) in flexible films using multi-esterified coronene, which allows high-tech applications in single-component time-delayed white light-emitting diodes and information technology based on flashlight-activated afterglow encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Chengyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zikai He
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Honglong Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Xia J, Xiong C, Li G, Li X, Sun P, Shi J, Tong B, Cai Z, Dong Y. Microwave-Responsive Flexible Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Materials Based on Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Polymer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314273. [PMID: 37885123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of flexible, room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials remains challenging owing to the quenching of their unstable triplet excitons via molecular motion. Therefore, a polymer matrix with Tg higher than room temperature is required to prevent polymer segment movement. In this study, a RTP material was developed by incorporating a 4-biphenylboronic acid (BPBA) phosphor into a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix (Tg =-27.1 °C), which exhibits a remarkable UV-light-dependent oxygen consumption phosphorescence with a lifetime of 1275.7 ms. The adjustable RTP performance is influenced by the crystallinity and polymorph (α, β, and γ phases) fraction of PVDF, therefore, the low Tg of the PVDF matrix enables the polymeric segmental motion upon microwave irradiation. Consequently, a reduction in the crystallinity and an increase in the α phase fraction in PVDF film induces RTP after 2.45 GHz microwave irradiation. These findings open up new avenues for constructing crystalline and phase-dependent RTP materials while demonstrating a promising approach toward microwave detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Junming Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Gengchen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jianbing Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bin Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun street, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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40
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Dai XY, Huo M, Liu Y. Phosphorescence resonance energy transfer from purely organic supramolecular assembly. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:854-874. [PMID: 37993737 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence energy transfer systems have been applied in encryption, biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. These systems exhibit ultra-large Stokes shifts, high quantum yields and are colour-tuneable with long-wavelength afterglow fluorescence (particularly in the near-infrared) under ambient conditions. This review discusses triplet-to-singlet PRET or triplet-to-singlet-to-singlet cascaded PRET systems based on macrocyclic or assembly-confined purely organic phosphorescence introducing the critical toles of supramolecular noncovalent interactions in the process. These interactions promote intersystem crossing, restricting the motion of phosphors, minimizing non-radiative decay and organizing donor-acceptor pairs in close proximity. We discuss the applications of these systems and focus on the challenges ahead in facilitating their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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41
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Vainauskas J, Borchers TH, Arhangelskis M, McCormick McPherson LJ, Spilfogel TS, Hamzehpoor E, Topić F, Coles SJ, Perepichka DF, Barrett CJ, Friščić T. Halogen bonding with carbon: directional assembly of non-derivatised aromatic carbon systems into robust supramolecular ladder architectures. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13031-13041. [PMID: 38023516 PMCID: PMC10664517 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04191c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon, although the central element in organic chemistry, has been traditionally neglected as a target for directional supramolecular interactions. The design of supramolecular structures involving carbon-rich molecules, such as arene hydrocarbons, has been limited almost exclusively to non-directional π-stacking, or derivatisation with heteroatoms to introduce molecular assembly recognition sites. As a result, the predictable assembly of non-derivatised, carbon-only π-systems using directional non-covalent interactions remains an unsolved fundamental challenge of solid-state supramolecular chemistry. Here, we propose and validate a different paradigm for the reliable assembly of carbon-only aromatic systems into predictable supramolecular architectures: not through non-directional π-stacking, but via specific and directional halogen bonding. We present a systematic experimental, theoretical and database study of halogen bonds to carbon-only π-systems (C-I⋯πC bonds), focusing on the synthesis and structural analysis of cocrystals with diversely-sized and -shaped non-derivatised arenes, from one-ring (benzene) to 15-ring (dicoronylene) polycyclic atomatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and fullerene C60, along with theoretical calculations and a systematic analysis of the Cambridge Structural Database. This study establishes C-I⋯πC bonds as directional interactions to arrange planar and curved carbon-only aromatic systems into predictable supramolecular motifs. In >90% of herein presented structures, the C-I⋯πC bonds to PAHs lead to a general ladder motif, in which the arenes act as the rungs and halogen bond donors as the rails, establishing a unique example of a supramolecular synthon based on carbon-only molecules. Besides fundamental importance in the solid-state and supramolecular chemistry of arenes, this synthon enables access to materials with exciting properties based on simple, non-derivatised aromatic systems, as seen from large red and blue shifts in solid-state luminescence and room-temperature phosphorescence upon cocrystallisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogirdas Vainauskas
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tristan H Borchers
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Mihails Arhangelskis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw 1 Pasteura Street Warsaw 02-093 Poland
| | - Laura J McCormick McPherson
- EPSRC National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton UK
| | - Toni S Spilfogel
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Ehsan Hamzehpoor
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Filip Topić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Simon J Coles
- EPSRC National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton UK
| | - Dmytro F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Christopher J Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
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42
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Ju CW, Wang XC, Li B, Ma Q, Shi Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Peng Q, Zhao D. Evolution of organic phosphor through precision regulation of nonradiative decay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310883120. [PMID: 37934818 PMCID: PMC10655561 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310883120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of single-component organic phosphor attracts increasing interest due to its wide applications in optoelectronic technologies. Theoretically, activating efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) via 1(π, π*) to 3(π, π*) transitions, rather than 1(n, π*) → 3(π, π*) transitions, is an alternative access to purely organic phosphors but remains challenging. Herein, we designed and successfully synthesized the sila-8-membered ring fused biaryl benzoskeleton by transition metal catalysis, which served as a new organic phosphor with efficient 1(π, π*) to 3(π, π*) ISC. We first found that such a compound exhibits a record-long phosphorescence lifetime of 6.5 s at low temperature for single-component organic systems. Then, we developed two strategies to tune their decay channels to evolve such nonemissive molecules into bright phosphors with elongated lifetimes at room temperature: 1) Physic-based design, where quantitative analyses of electron-phonon coupling led us to reveal and hinder the major nonradiative channels, thus lighted up room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with a lifetime of 480 ms at 298 K; 2) chemical geometry-driven molecular engineering, where a geometry-based descriptor ΔΘT1-S0/ΘS0 was developed for rational screening RTP candidates and further improved the RTP lifetime to 794 ms. This study clearly shows the power of interdiscipline among synthetic methodology, physics-based rational design, and computational modeling, which represents a paradigm for the development of an organic emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Ju
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiushi Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI53233
| | - Yuhao Shi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY10003
| | - Qian Peng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
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43
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Yang X, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S, Yu J. Recent advances in the design of afterglow materials: mechanisms, structural regulation strategies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8005-8058. [PMID: 37880991 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Afterglow materials are attracting widespread attention owing to their distinctive and long-lived optical emission properties which create exciting opportunities in various fields. Recent research has led to the discovery of many new afterglow materials featuring high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) and lifetimes of up to several hours under ambient conditions. Afterglow materials are typically categorized according to their luminescence mechanism, such as long-persistent luminescence (LPL), room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Through rational design and novel synthetic strategies to modulate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and populate triplet exciton states (T1), luminophores with long lifetimes and bright afterglow characteristics can be realized. Initial research towards afterglow materials focused mainly on pure inorganic materials, many of which possessed inherent disadvantages such as metal toxicity or low energy emissions. In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials (OIHAMs) have been developed with high PLQY and long lifetimes. These hybrid materials exploit the tunable structure and easy processing of organic molecules, as well as enhanced SOC and intersystem crossing (ISC) processes involving heavy atom dopants, to achieve excellent afterglow performance. In this review, we begin by briefly discussing the structure and composition of inorganic and organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including strategies for regulating their lifetime, PLQY and luminescence wavelength. The specific advantages of organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including low manufacturing costs, diverse molecular/electronic structures, tunable structures and optical properties, and compatibility with a variety of substrates, are emphasized. Subsequently, we discuss in detail the fundamental mechanisms used by afterglow materials, their classification, design principles, and end applications (including sensing, anticounterfeiting, and photoelectric devices, among others). Finally, existing challenges and promising future directions are discussed, laying a platform for the design of afterglow materials for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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44
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Gao L, Huang J, Qu L, Chen X, Zhu Y, Li C, Tian Q, Zhao Y, Yang C. Stepwise taming of triplet excitons via multiple confinements in intrinsic polymers for long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7252. [PMID: 37945554 PMCID: PMC10636106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric materials exhibiting room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) show a promising application potential. However, the conventional ways of preparing such materials are mainly focused on doping, which may suffer from phase separation, poor compatibility, and lack of effective methods to promote intersystem crossing and suppress the nonradiative deactivation rates. Herein, we present an intrinsically polymeric RTP system producing long-lived phosphorescence, high quantum yields and multiple colors by stepwise structural confinement to tame triplet excitons. In this strategy, the performance of the materials is improved in two aspects simultaneously: the phosphorescence lifetime of one polymer (9VA-B) increased more than 4 orders of magnitude, and the maximum phosphorescence quantum yield reached 16.04% in halogen-free polymers. Moreover, crack detection is realized by penetrating steam through the materials exposed to humid surroundings as a special quenching effect, and the information storage is carried out by employing the Morse code and the variations in lifetimes. This study provides a different strategy for constructing intrinsically polymeric RTP materials toward targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jiayue Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Lunjun Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Quanchi Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
| | - Chaolong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
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45
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Cheng A, Su H, Gu X, Zhang W, Zhang B, Zhou M, Jiang J, Zhang X, Zhang G. Disorder-Enhanced Charge-Transfer-Mediated Room-Temperature Phosphorescence in Polymer Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312627. [PMID: 37732517 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) polymers have important applications for biological imaging, oxygen sensing, data encryption, and photodynamic therapy. Despite the many advantages polymeric materials offer such as great control over gas permeability and processing flexibility, disorder is traditionally considered as an intrinsic negative impact on the efficiency for embedded RTP luminophores, as various allowed thermal motions could quench the emitting states. However, we propose that such disorder-enabled freedoms of microscopic motions can be beneficial for charge-transfer-mediated RTP, which is facilitated by molecular conformational changes among different electronic transition states. Using the "classic" pyrene-aniline exciplex as an example, we demonstrate the mutual enhancement of red/near-infrared and green RTP emissions from the pyrene and aniline moieties, respectively, upon doping the aniline polymer with trace pyrene derivatives. In comparison, a pyrene-doped crystal formed with the same aniline structure exhibits only charge-transfer fluorescence with no red or green RTP observed, suggesting that order suppresses the RTP channels. The proposed polymerization strategy may be used as a unified method to generate multi-emissive polymeric RTP materials from a vast pool of known and unknown exciplexes and charge-transfer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoyuan Cheng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hao Su
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Xuewen Gu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Baicheng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
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46
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Alexander E, Ceresa L, Pham D, Gryczynski Z, Gryczynski I. Effect of annealing on the room temperature luminescence of coumarin 106 in PVA films. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2023; 12:015005. [PMID: 37879322 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ad06dc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of annealing on the luminescence of Coumarin 106 (C106) in poly (vinyl alcohol) films (PVA films). The samples and reference polymer films were treated at temperatures between 100 °C and 150 °C (212 F and 302 F) for various times. After cooling and smoothing, the samples and references were measured at room temperature. We observed that the PVA polymer (reference films) changes its optical properties with annealing at higher temperatures, affecting the baselines in absorption and the backgrounds in emission measurements. This requires precise background subtractions and control of the signal-to-noise ratio. Whereas the fluorescence intensity of C106 in PVA films modestly decreases with annealing, the phosphorescence depends dramatically and progressively increases by many folds. The fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes decrease with the annealing, which suggests an increase in the non-radiative processes in the singlet excited state S1. The increase in the phosphorescence intensities results from increased intersystem crossing (ISC), which also decreases fluorescence. We also studied the effect of annealing on phosphorescence with the directly excited triplet state of C106. In this case, two processes are affected by annealing, S0→T1absorption and T1→S0phosphorescence. The long-wavelength excitation (475 nm) avoids PVA polymer excitation. The phosphorescence lifetime decreases with annealing while the phosphorescence intensity increases. These changes suggest that the radiative rate of T1→ S0increases with annealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Alexander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, United States of America
| | - Luca Ceresa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, United States of America
| | - Danh Pham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, United States of America
| | - Zygmunt Gryczynski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, United States of America
| | - Ignacy Gryczynski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, United States of America
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47
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Liang LY, Chen BB, Wang Y, Gao YT, Chang S, Liu ML, Li DW. Inorganic salt recrystallization strategy for achieving ultralong room temperature phosphorescence through structural confinement and aluminized reconstruction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 649:445-455. [PMID: 37354801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Achieving highly efficient and stable room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with ultralong lifetime is critical for the multi-purpose applications of phosphorescent materials. In this work, we propose an inorganic salt heating recrystallization strategy to simultaneously improve the lifetime, quantum efficiency, and stability of phosphorescent scandium/leucine microspheres (Sc/Leu-MSs). Inorganic salt-treated Sc/Leu-MSs are obtained by simply heating and drying inorganic salt solution containing Sc/Leu-MSs, which can achieve a maximum lifetime increase of 4.42-times from 208.37 ms (Sc/Leu-MSs) to 920.08 ms (Al2(SO4)3-treated Sc/Leu-MSs), accompanied by a RTP intensity increase up to 24.08-times. The enhancement mechanism of RTP efficiency is attributed to the stabilization of triplet excitons caused by inorganic salt coating that suppresses molecular motion and isolates oxygen on the one hand, and the efficient intersystem crossing promoted by aluminized reconstruction-caused duplex heavy atom effects on the other hand. This study provides new design principle and a facile strategy to construct RTP materials with ultralong lifetime, high phosphorescent quantum efficiency, and high stability for promising applications such as anti-counterfeiting and light emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ya Liang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bin Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong 518172, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ya Ting Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuai Chang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Meng Li Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Da Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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48
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Yang Y, Li A, Yang Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Yang K, Tang BZ, Li Z. Multi-stimulus Room Temperature Phosphorescent Polymers Sensitive to Light and Acid cyclically with Energy Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308848. [PMID: 37590031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The stimulus-responsive room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have endowed wide potential applications. In this work, by introducing naphthalene and spiropyran (SP) into polyacrylamide as the energy donor and acceptor respectively, a new kind of brilliant dynamic color-tunable amorphous copolymers were prepared with good stability and processibility, and afterglow emissions from green to orange in response to the stimulus of photo or acid, thanks to multi-responsibility of SP and the energy transfer between naphthalene and SP. In addition to the deeply exploring of the inherent mechanism, these copolymers have been successfully applied in dynamically controllable applications in information protection and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Aisen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregates Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Liao Q, Li Q, Li Z. The Key Role of Molecular Packing in Luminescence Property: From Adjacent Molecules to Molecular Aggregates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2306617. [PMID: 37739004 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The luminescence materials act as the key components in many functional devices, as well as the detection and imaging systems, which can be permeated in each aspect of modern life, and attract more and more attention for the creative technology and applications. In addition to the diverse properties of organic luminogens, the multiple molecular packing at aggregated states frequently offers new and/or exciting performance. However, there still lacks comprehensive analysis of molecular packing in these organic materials, resulting in an increased gap between molecular design and practical applications. In this review, from the basic knowledge of organic compounds as single molecules, to the discernable property of excimer, charge transfer (CT) complex or self-assembly systems by adjacent molecules, and finally to the opto-electronic performance of molecular aggregates, the relevant factors to molecular packing and practical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Liao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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50
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Zhang ZY, Deng CY, Shen CC, Xu RY, Wang XZ, Wang YH, Ding B, Li B, Li J, Li C. Phosphorescence enhancement of pyridinium macrocycles by poly(vinylalcohol). Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11248-11251. [PMID: 37661728 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03225f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
A phosphorescence enhancement of pyridinium macrocycle/monomer phosphors is realized with up to 14.7-fold prolonging of the phosphorescence lifetimes and visible afterglow by doping into a poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) matrix. The abundant hydrogen-bonding interactions and electrostatic interactions between the phosphors and the PVA suppressed the nonradiative decay processes, slowed down the radiative decay and nonradiative decay of triplet states, and therefore promoted the long-lived RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Chun-Yun Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Chen-Chen Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Rong-Yao Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Xi-Zhen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Yan-Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
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