1
|
Sandoval KE, Witt KA. Somatostatin: Linking Cognition and Alzheimer Disease to Therapeutic Targeting. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:1291-1325. [PMID: 39013601 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.124.001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Over 4 decades of research support the link between Alzheimer disease (AD) and somatostatin [somatotropin-releasing inhibitory factor (SRIF)]. SRIF and SRIF-expressing neurons play an essential role in brain function, modulating hippocampal activity and memory formation. Loss of SRIF and SRIF-expressing neurons in the brain rests at the center of a series of interdependent pathological events driven by amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), culminating in cognitive decline and dementia. The connection between the SRIF and AD further extends to the neuropsychiatric symptoms, seizure activity, and inflammation, whereas preclinical AD investigations show SRIF or SRIF receptor agonist administration capable of enhancing cognition. SRIF receptor subtype-4 activation in particular presents unique attributes, with the potential to mitigate learning and memory decline, reduce comorbid symptoms, and enhance enzymatic degradation of Aβ in the brain. Here, we review the links between SRIF and AD along with the therapeutic implications. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Somatostatin and somatostatin-expressing neurons in the brain are extensively involved in cognition. Loss of somatostatin and somatostatin-expressing neurons in Alzheimer disease rests at the center of a series of interdependent pathological events contributing to cognitive decline and dementia. Targeting somatostatin-mediated processes has significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of Alzheimer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin E Sandoval
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois
| | - Ken A Witt
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hernández-Frausto M, Vivar C. Entorhinal cortex-hippocampal circuit connectivity in health and disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1448791. [PMID: 39372192 PMCID: PMC11449717 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1448791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampal (HC) connectivity is the main source of episodic memory formation and consolidation. The entorhinal-hippocampal (EC-HC) connection is classified as canonically glutamatergic and, more recently, has been characterized as a non-canonical GABAergic connection. Recent evidence shows that both EC and HC receive inputs from dopaminergic, cholinergic, and noradrenergic projections that modulate the mnemonic processes linked to the encoding and consolidation of memories. In the present review, we address the latest findings on the EC-HC connectivity and the role of neuromodulations during the mnemonic mechanisms of encoding and consolidation of memories and highlight the value of the cross-species approach to unravel the underlying cellular mechanisms known. Furthermore, we discuss how EC-HC connectivity early neurodegeneration may contribute to the dysfunction of episodic memories observed in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Finally, we described how exercise may be a fundamental tool to prevent or decrease neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hernández-Frausto
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carmen Vivar
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neuroplasticity, Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Utashiro N, MacLaren DAA, Liu YC, Yaqubi K, Wojak B, Monyer H. Long-range inhibition from prelimbic to cingulate areas of the medial prefrontal cortex enhances network activity and response execution. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5772. [PMID: 38982042 PMCID: PMC11233578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50055-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well established that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) exerts top-down control of many behaviors, but little is known regarding how cross-talk between distinct areas of the mPFC influences top-down signaling. We performed virus-mediated tracing and functional studies in male mice, homing in on GABAergic projections whose axons are located mainly in layer 1 and that connect two areas of the mPFC, namely the prelimbic area (PrL) with the cingulate area 1 and 2 (Cg1/2). We revealed the identity of the targeted neurons that comprise two distinct types of layer 1 GABAergic interneurons, namely single-bouquet cells (SBCs) and neurogliaform cells (NGFs), and propose that this connectivity links GABAergic projection neurons with cortical canonical circuits. In vitro electrophysiological and in vivo calcium imaging studies support the notion that the GABAergic projection neurons from the PrL to the Cg1/2 exert a crucial role in regulating the activity in the target area by disinhibiting layer 5 output neurons. Finally, we demonstrated that recruitment of these projections affects impulsivity and mechanical responsiveness, behaviors which are known to be modulated by Cg1/2 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nao Utashiro
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of the Heidelberg University and of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Duncan Archibald Allan MacLaren
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of the Heidelberg University and of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yu-Chao Liu
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of the Heidelberg University and of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kaneschka Yaqubi
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of the Heidelberg University and of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Birgit Wojak
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of the Heidelberg University and of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hannah Monyer
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of the Heidelberg University and of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dautan D, Monai A, Maltese F, Chang X, Molent C, Mauro D, Galbusera A, Vecchia D, Antonelli F, Benedetti A, Drago F, Leggio GM, Pagani M, Fellin T, Gozzi A, Schumann G, Managò F, Papaleo F. Cortico-cortical transfer of socially derived information gates emotion recognition. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1318-1332. [PMID: 38769153 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Emotion recognition and the resulting responses are important for survival and social functioning. However, how socially derived information is processed for reliable emotion recognition is incompletely understood. Here, we reveal an evolutionarily conserved long-range inhibitory/excitatory brain network mediating these socio-cognitive processes. Anatomical tracing in mice revealed the existence of a subpopulation of somatostatin (SOM) GABAergic neurons projecting from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the retrosplenial cortex (RSC). Through optogenetic manipulations and Ca2+ imaging fiber photometry in mice and functional imaging in humans, we demonstrate the specific participation of these long-range SOM projections from the mPFC to the RSC, and an excitatory feedback loop from the RSC to the mPFC, in emotion recognition. Notably, we show that mPFC-to-RSC SOM projections are dysfunctional in mouse models relevant to psychiatric vulnerability and can be targeted to rescue emotion recognition deficits in these mice. Our findings demonstrate a cortico-cortical circuit underlying emotion recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dautan
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Monai
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Maltese
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Xiao Chang
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Cinzia Molent
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniele Mauro
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Galbusera
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Dania Vecchia
- Optical Approaches to Brain Function Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Antonelli
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Arianna Benedetti
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Pagani
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fellin
- Optical Approaches to Brain Function Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gozzi
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Charite Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, CCM, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca Managò
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hamad MIK, Daoud S, Petrova P, Rabaya O, Jbara A, Al Houqani S, BaniYas S, Alblooshi M, Almheiri A, Nakhal MM, Ali BR, Shehab S, Allouh MZ, Emerald BS, Schneider-Lódi M, Bataineh MF, Herz J, Förster E. Reelin differentially shapes dendrite morphology of medial entorhinal cortical ocean and island cells. Development 2024; 151:dev202449. [PMID: 38856043 PMCID: PMC11234379 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The function of medial entorhinal cortex layer II (MECII) excitatory neurons has been recently explored. MECII dysfunction underlies deficits in spatial navigation and working memory. MECII neurons comprise two major excitatory neuronal populations, pyramidal island and stellate ocean cells, in addition to the inhibitory interneurons. Ocean cells express reelin and surround clusters of island cells that lack reelin expression. The influence of reelin expression by ocean cells and interneurons on their own morphological differentiation and that of MECII island cells has remained unknown. To address this, we used a conditional reelin knockout (RelncKO) mouse to induce reelin deficiency postnatally in vitro and in vivo. Reelin deficiency caused dendritic hypertrophy of ocean cells, interneurons and only proximal dendritic compartments of island cells. Ca2+ recording showed that both cell types exhibited an elevation of calcium frequencies in RelncKO, indicating that the hypertrophic effect is related to excessive Ca2+ signalling. Moreover, pharmacological receptor blockade in RelncKO mouse revealed malfunctioning of GABAB, NMDA and AMPA receptors. Collectively, this study emphasizes the significance of reelin in neuronal growth, and its absence results in dendrite hypertrophy of MECII neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad I. K. Hamad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Solieman Daoud
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Petya Petrova
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Obada Rabaya
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Abdalrahim Jbara
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Shaikha Al Houqani
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shamsa BaniYas
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Meera Alblooshi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha Almheiri
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed M. Nakhal
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R. Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Safa Shehab
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Z. Allouh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mária Schneider-Lódi
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Mo'ath F. Bataineh
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joachim Herz
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Neuroscience, Neurology and Neurotherapeutics; Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eckart Förster
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karimani F, Asgari Taei A, Abolghasemi-Dehaghani MR, Safari MS, Dargahi L. Impairment of entorhinal cortex network activity in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1402573. [PMID: 38882526 PMCID: PMC11176617 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1402573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The entorhinal cortex (EC) stands out as a critical brain region affected in the early phases of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with some of the disease's pathological processes originating from this area, making it one of the most crucial brain regions in AD. Recent research highlights disruptions in the brain's network activity, characterized by heightened excitability and irregular oscillations, may contribute to cognitive impairment. These disruptions are proposed not only as potential therapeutic targets but also as early biomarkers for AD. In this paper, we will begin with a review of the anatomy and function of EC, highlighting its selective vulnerability in AD. Subsequently, we will discuss the disruption of EC network activity, exploring changes in excitability and neuronal oscillations in this region during AD and hypothesize that, considering the advancements in neuromodulation techniques, addressing the disturbances in the network activity of the EC could offer fresh insights for both the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Karimani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Asgari Taei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mir-Shahram Safari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Spoleti E, La Barbera L, Cauzzi E, De Paolis ML, Saba L, Marino R, Sciamanna G, Di Lazzaro V, Keller F, Nobili A, Krashia P, D'Amelio M. Dopamine neuron degeneration in the Ventral Tegmental Area causes hippocampal hyperexcitability in experimental Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1265-1280. [PMID: 38228889 PMCID: PMC11189820 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Early and progressive dysfunctions of the dopaminergic system from the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) have been described in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). During the long pre-symptomatic phase, alterations in the function of Parvalbumin interneurons (PV-INs) are also observed, resulting in cortical hyperexcitability represented by subclinical epilepsy and aberrant gamma-oscillations. However, it is unknown whether the dopaminergic deficits contribute to brain hyperexcitability in AD. Here, using the Tg2576 mouse model of AD, we prove that reduced hippocampal dopaminergic innervation, due to VTA dopamine neuron degeneration, impairs PV-IN firing and gamma-waves, weakens the inhibition of pyramidal neurons and induces hippocampal hyperexcitability via lower D2-receptor-mediated activation of the CREB-pathway. These alterations coincide with reduced PV-IN numbers and Perineuronal Net density. Importantly, L-DOPA and the selective D2-receptor agonist quinpirole rescue p-CREB levels and improve the PV-IN-mediated inhibition, thus reducing hyperexcitability. Moreover, similarly to quinpirole, sumanirole - another D2-receptor agonist and a known anticonvulsant - not only increases p-CREB levels in PV-INs but also restores gamma-oscillations in Tg2576 mice. Conversely, blocking the dopaminergic transmission with sulpiride (a D2-like receptor antagonist) in WT mice reduces p-CREB levels in PV-INs, mimicking what occurs in Tg2576. Overall, these findings support the hypothesis that the VTA dopaminergic system integrity plays a key role in hippocampal PV-IN function and survival, disclosing a relevant contribution of the reduced dopaminergic tone to aberrant gamma-waves, hippocampal hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity in early AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Spoleti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia La Barbera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Cauzzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa De Paolis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Saba
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramona Marino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciamanna
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- UniCamillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Keller
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Nobili
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Paraskevi Krashia
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello D'Amelio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Takács V, Bardóczi Z, Orosz Á, Major A, Tar L, Berki P, Papp P, Mayer MI, Sebők H, Zsolt L, Sos KE, Káli S, Freund TF, Nyiri G. Synaptic and dendritic architecture of different types of hippocampal somatostatin interneurons. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002539. [PMID: 38470935 PMCID: PMC10959371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
GABAergic inhibitory neurons fundamentally shape the activity and plasticity of cortical circuits. A major subset of these neurons contains somatostatin (SOM); these cells play crucial roles in neuroplasticity, learning, and memory in many brain areas including the hippocampus, and are implicated in several neuropsychiatric diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Two main types of SOM-containing cells in area CA1 of the hippocampus are oriens-lacunosum-moleculare (OLM) cells and hippocampo-septal (HS) cells. These cell types show many similarities in their soma-dendritic architecture, but they have different axonal targets, display different activity patterns in vivo, and are thought to have distinct network functions. However, a complete understanding of the functional roles of these interneurons requires a precise description of their intrinsic computational properties and their synaptic interactions. In the current study we generated, analyzed, and make available several key data sets that enable a quantitative comparison of various anatomical and physiological properties of OLM and HS cells in mouse. The data set includes detailed scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-based 3D reconstructions of OLM and HS cells along with their excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. Combining this core data set with other anatomical data, patch-clamp electrophysiology, and compartmental modeling, we examined the precise morphological structure, inputs, outputs, and basic physiological properties of these cells. Our results highlight key differences between OLM and HS cells, particularly regarding the density and distribution of their synaptic inputs and mitochondria. For example, we estimated that an OLM cell receives about 8,400, whereas an HS cell about 15,600 synaptic inputs, about 16% of which are GABAergic. Our data and models provide insight into the possible basis of the different functionality of OLM and HS cell types and supply essential information for more detailed functional models of these neurons and the hippocampal network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virág Takács
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bardóczi
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Áron Orosz
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Abel Major
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Tar
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Roska Tamás Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Berki
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Papp
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton I. Mayer
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hunor Sebők
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Zsolt
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin E. Sos
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Káli
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás F. Freund
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nyiri
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Robert V, O'Neil K, Rashid SK, Johnson CD, De La Torre RG, Zemelman BV, Clopath C, Basu J. Entorhinal cortex glutamatergic and GABAergic projections bidirectionally control discrimination and generalization of hippocampal representations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.08.566107. [PMID: 37986793 PMCID: PMC10659280 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.08.566107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Discrimination and generalization are crucial brain-wide functions for memory and object recognition that utilize pattern separation and completion computations. Circuit mechanisms supporting these operations remain enigmatic. We show lateral entorhinal cortex glutamatergic (LEC GLU ) and GABAergic (LEC GABA ) projections are essential for object recognition memory. Silencing LEC GLU during in vivo two-photon imaging increased the population of active CA3 pyramidal cells but decreased activity rates, suggesting a sparse coding function through local inhibition. Silencing LEC GLU also decreased place cell remapping between different environments validating this circuit drives pattern separation and context discrimination. Optogenetic circuit mapping confirmed that LEC GLU drives dominant feedforward inhibition to prevent CA3 somatic and dendritic spikes. However, conjunctively active LEC GABA suppresses this local inhibition to disinhibit CA3 pyramidal neuron soma and selectively boost integrative output of LEC and CA3 recurrent network. LEC GABA thus promotes pattern completion and context generalization. Indeed, without this disinhibitory input, CA3 place maps show decreased similarity between contexts. Our findings provide circuit mechanisms whereby long-range glutamatergic and GABAergic cortico-hippocampal inputs bidirectionally modulate pattern separation and completion, providing neuronal representations with a dynamic range for context discrimination and generalization.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang Y, Chu G, Leng Y, Lin X, Zhou H, Lu Y, Liu B. Parvalbumin-positive neurons in the medial vestibular nucleus contribute to vestibular compensation through commissural inhibition. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1260243. [PMID: 38026699 PMCID: PMC10663245 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1260243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The commissural inhibitory system between the bilateral medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) plays a key role in vestibular compensation. Calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) is expressed in MVN GABAergic neurons. Whether these neurons are involved in vestibular compensation is still unknown. Methods After unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL), we measured the activity of MVN PV neurons by in vivo calcium imaging, and observed the projection of MVN PV neurons by retrograde neural tracing. After regulating PV neurons' activity by chemogenetic technique, the effects on vestibular compensation were evaluated by behavior analysis. Results We found PV expression and the activity of PV neurons in contralateral but not ipsilateral MVN increased 6 h following UL. ErbB4 is required to maintain GABA release for PV neurons, conditional knockout ErbB4 from PV neurons promoted vestibular compensation. Further investigation showed that vestibular compensation could be promoted by chemogenetic inhibition of contralateral MVN or activation of ipsilateral MVN PV neurons. Additional neural tracing study revealed that considerable MVN PV neurons were projecting to the opposite side of MVN, and that activating the ipsilateral MVN PV neurons projecting to contralateral MVN can promote vestibular compensation. Conclusion Contralateral MVN PV neuron activation after UL is detrimental to vestibular compensation, and rebalancing bilateral MVN PV neuron activity can promote vestibular compensation, via commissural inhibition from the ipsilateral MVN PV neurons. Our findings provide a new understanding of vestibular compensation at the neural circuitry level and a novel potential therapeutic target for vestibular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuejin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangpin Chu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangming Leng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueling Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yisheng Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pracucci E, Graham RT, Alberio L, Nardi G, Cozzolino O, Pillai V, Pasquini G, Saieva L, Walsh D, Landi S, Zhang J, Trevelyan AJ, Ratto GM. Daily rhythm in cortical chloride homeostasis underpins functional changes in visual cortex excitability. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7108. [PMID: 37925453 PMCID: PMC10625537 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical activity patterns are strongly modulated by fast synaptic inhibition mediated through ionotropic, chloride-conducting receptors. Consequently, chloride homeostasis is ideally placed to regulate activity. We therefore investigated the stability of baseline [Cl-]i in adult mouse neocortex, using in vivo two-photon imaging. We found a two-fold increase in baseline [Cl-]i in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons, from day to night, with marked effects upon both physiological cortical processing and seizure susceptibility. Importantly, the night-time activity can be converted to the day-time pattern by local inhibition of NKCC1, while inhibition of KCC2 converts day-time [Cl-]i towards night-time levels. Changes in the surface expression and phosphorylation of the cation-chloride cotransporters, NKCC1 and KCC2, matched these pharmacological effects. When we extended the dark period by 4 h, mice remained active, but [Cl-]i was modulated as for animals in normal light cycles. Our data thus demonstrate a daily [Cl-]i modulation with complex effects on cortical excitability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Pracucci
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Robert T Graham
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Laura Alberio
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Gabriele Nardi
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Olga Cozzolino
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vinoshene Pillai
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pasquini
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luciano Saieva
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Darren Walsh
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Silvia Landi
- Institute of Neuroscience CNR, Pisa, Italy
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Institute of Health, University of Exeter, Hatherly Laboratories, Exeter, EX4 4PS, UK
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology. Research Center of Chemical Kinomics, Shangai. Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Andrew J Trevelyan
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Gian-Michele Ratto
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy.
- Institute of Neuroscience CNR, Pisa, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu C, Todorova R, Tang W, Oliva A, Fernandez-Ruiz A. Associative and predictive hippocampal codes support memory-guided behaviors. Science 2023; 382:eadi8237. [PMID: 37856604 PMCID: PMC10894649 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Episodic memory involves learning and recalling associations between items and their spatiotemporal context. Those memories can be further used to generate internal models of the world that enable predictions to be made. The mechanisms that support these associative and predictive aspects of memory are not yet understood. In this study, we used an optogenetic manipulation to perturb the sequential structure, but not global network dynamics, of place cells as rats traversed specific spatial trajectories. This perturbation abolished replay of those trajectories and the development of predictive representations, leading to impaired learning of new optimal trajectories during memory-guided navigation. However, place cell assembly reactivation and reward-context associative learning were unaffected. Our results show a mechanistic dissociation between two complementary hippocampal codes: an associative code (through coactivity) and a predictive code (through sequences).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenbo Tang
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Azahara Oliva
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tzilivaki A, Tukker JJ, Maier N, Poirazi P, Sammons RP, Schmitz D. Hippocampal GABAergic interneurons and memory. Neuron 2023; 111:3154-3175. [PMID: 37467748 PMCID: PMC10593603 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
One of the most captivating questions in neuroscience revolves around the brain's ability to efficiently and durably capture and store information. It must process continuous input from sensory organs while also encoding memories that can persist throughout a lifetime. What are the cellular-, subcellular-, and network-level mechanisms that underlie this remarkable capacity for long-term information storage? Furthermore, what contributions do distinct types of GABAergic interneurons make to this process? As the hippocampus plays a pivotal role in memory, our review focuses on three aspects: (1) delineation of hippocampal interneuron types and their connectivity, (2) interneuron plasticity, and (3) activity patterns of interneurons during memory-related rhythms, including the role of long-range interneurons and disinhibition. We explore how these three elements, together showcasing the remarkable diversity of inhibitory circuits, shape the processing of memories in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tzilivaki
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - John J Tukker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Maier
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Panayiota Poirazi
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), N. Plastira 100, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Rosanna P Sammons
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstrasse. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pinatel D, Pearlstein E, Bonetto G, Goutebroze L, Karagogeos D, Crepel V, Faivre-Sarrailh C. A class-specific effect of dysmyelination on the excitability of hippocampal interneurons. eLife 2023; 12:e86469. [PMID: 37843188 PMCID: PMC10617988 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of myelination for axonal conduction is well-established in projection neurons but little is known about its significance in GABAergic interneurons. Myelination is discontinuous along interneuron axons and the mechanisms controlling myelin patterning and segregation of ion channels at the nodes of Ranvier have not been elucidated. Protein 4.1B is implicated in the organization of the nodes of Ranvier as a linker between paranodal and juxtaparanodal membrane proteins to the spectrin cytoskeleton. In the present study, 4.1B KO mice are used as a genetic model to analyze the functional role of myelin in Lhx6-positive parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) neurons, two major classes of GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus. We show that 4.1B-deficiency induces disruption of juxtaparanodal K+ channel clustering and mislocalization of nodal or heminodal Na+ channels. Strikingly, 4.1B-deficiency causes loss of myelin in GABAergic axons in the hippocampus. In particular, stratum oriens SST cells display severe axonal dysmyelination and a reduced excitability. This reduced excitability is associated with a decrease in occurrence probability of small amplitude synaptic inhibitory events on pyramidal cells. In contrast, stratum pyramidale fast-spiking PV cells do not appear affected. In conclusion, our results indicate a class-specific effect of dysmyelination on the excitability of hippocampal interneurons associated with a functional alteration of inhibitory drive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laurence Goutebroze
- INSERM, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et IngénierieParisFrance
| | - Domna Karagogeos
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Crete Medical School and Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hernández-Frausto M, Bilash OM, Masurkar AV, Basu J. Local and long-range GABAergic circuits in hippocampal area CA1 and their link to Alzheimer's disease. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1223891. [PMID: 37841892 PMCID: PMC10570439 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1223891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
GABAergic inhibitory neurons are the principal source of inhibition in the brain. Traditionally, their role in maintaining the balance of excitation-inhibition has been emphasized. Beyond homeostatic functions, recent circuit mapping and functional manipulation studies have revealed a wide range of specific roles that GABAergic circuits play in dynamically tilting excitation-inhibition coupling across spatio-temporal scales. These span from gating of compartment- and input-specific signaling, gain modulation, shaping input-output functions and synaptic plasticity, to generating signal-to-noise contrast, defining temporal windows for integration and rate codes, as well as organizing neural assemblies, and coordinating inter-regional synchrony. GABAergic circuits are thus instrumental in controlling single-neuron computations and behaviorally-linked network activity. The activity dependent modulation of sensory and mnemonic information processing by GABAergic circuits is pivotal for the formation and maintenance of episodic memories in the hippocampus. Here, we present an overview of the local and long-range GABAergic circuits that modulate the dynamics of excitation-inhibition and disinhibition in the main output area of the hippocampus CA1, which is crucial for episodic memory. Specifically, we link recent findings pertaining to GABAergic neuron molecular markers, electrophysiological properties, and synaptic wiring with their function at the circuit level. Lastly, given that area CA1 is particularly impaired during early stages of Alzheimer's disease, we emphasize how these GABAergic circuits may contribute to and be involved in the pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hernández-Frausto
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Olesia M. Bilash
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Arjun V. Masurkar
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jayeeta Basu
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zutshi I, Buzsáki G. Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and their spike assembly content are regulated by the medial entorhinal cortex. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3648-3659.e4. [PMID: 37572665 PMCID: PMC10530523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs) are critical for memory consolidation and retrieval. The neuronal content of spiking during SPW-Rs is believed to be under the influence of neocortical inputs via the entorhinal cortex (EC). Optogenetic silencing of the medial EC (mEC) reduced the incidence of SPW-Rs with minor impacts on their magnitude or duration, similar to local CA1 silencing. The effect of mEC silencing on CA1 firing and field potentials was comparable to the effect of transient cortex-wide DOWN states of non-REM (NREM) sleep, implying that decreased SPW-R incidence in both cases is due to tonic disfacilitation of hippocampal circuits. The neuronal composition of CA1 pyramidal neurons during SPW-Rs was altered by mEC silencing but was restored immediately after silencing. We suggest that the mEC provides both tonic and transient influences on hippocampal network states by timing the occurrence of SPW-Rs and altering their neuronal content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita Zutshi
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lin X, Cyrus N, Avila B, Holmes TC, Xu X. Hippocampal CA3 inhibitory neurons receive extensive noncanonical synaptic inputs from CA1 and subicular complex. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1333-1347. [PMID: 37312626 PMCID: PMC10525020 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal CA3 is traditionally conceptualized as a brain region within a unidirectional feedforward trisynaptic pathway that links major hippocampal subregions. Recent genomic and viral tracing studies indicate that the anatomical connectivity of CA3 and the trisynaptic pathway is more complex than initially expected and suggests that there may be cell type-specific input gradients throughout the three-dimensional hippocampal structure. In several recent studies using multiple viral tracing approaches, we describe subdivisions of the subiculum complex and ventral hippocampal CA1 that show significant back projections to CA1 and CA3 excitatory neurons. These novel connections form "noncanonical" circuits that run in the opposite direction relative to the well-characterized feedforward pathway. Diverse subtypes of GABAergic inhibitory neurons participate within the trisynaptic pathway. In the present study, we have applied monosynaptic retrograde viral tracing to examine noncanonical synaptic inputs from CA1 and subicular complex to the inhibitory neuron in hippocampal CA3. We quantitatively mapped synaptic inputs to CA3 inhibitory neurons to understand how they are connected within and beyond the hippocampus formation. Major brain regions that provide typical inputs to CA3 inhibitory neurons include the medial septum, the dentate gyrus, the entorhinal cortex, and CA3. Noncanonical inputs from ventral CA1 and subicular complex to CA3 inhibitory neurons follow a proximodistal topographic gradient with regard to CA3 subregions. We find novel noncanonical circuit connections between inhibitory CA3 neurons and ventral CA1, subiculum complex, and other brain regions. These results provide a new anatomical connectivity basis to further study the function of CA3 inhibitory neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Lin
- Department Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Neeyaz Cyrus
- Department Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Brenda Avila
- Department Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Todd C. Holmes
- Department Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bollmann Y, Modol L, Tressard T, Vorobyev A, Dard R, Brustlein S, Sims R, Bendifallah I, Leprince E, de Sars V, Ronzitti E, Baude A, Adesnik H, Picardo MA, Platel JC, Emiliani V, Angulo-Garcia D, Cossart R. Prominent in vivo influence of single interneurons in the developing barrel cortex. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1555-1565. [PMID: 37653166 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous synchronous activity is a hallmark of developing brain circuits and promotes their formation. Ex vivo, synchronous activity was shown to be orchestrated by a sparse population of highly connected GABAergic 'hub' neurons. The recent development of all-optical methods to record and manipulate neuronal activity in vivo now offers the unprecedented opportunity to probe the existence and function of hub cells in vivo. Using calcium imaging, connectivity analysis and holographic optical stimulation, we show that single GABAergic, but not glutamatergic, neurons influence population dynamics in the barrel cortex of non-anaesthetized mouse pups. Single GABAergic cells mainly exert an inhibitory influence on both spontaneous and sensory-evoked population bursts. Their network influence scales with their functional connectivity, with highly connected hub neurons displaying the strongest impact. We propose that hub neurons function in tailoring intrinsic cortical dynamics to external sensory inputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Bollmann
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Laura Modol
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Tressard
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Artem Vorobyev
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Robin Dard
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Brustlein
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Ruth Sims
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Vision Institute, Sorbonne University, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Imane Bendifallah
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Vision Institute, Sorbonne University, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Erwan Leprince
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent de Sars
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Vision Institute, Sorbonne University, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Emiliano Ronzitti
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Vision Institute, Sorbonne University, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Baude
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Hillel Adesnik
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michel Aimé Picardo
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Claude Platel
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Vision Institute, Sorbonne University, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - David Angulo-Garcia
- Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Rosa Cossart
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hadjiabadi D, Soltesz I. From single-neuron dynamics to higher-order circuit motifs in control and pathological brain networks. J Physiol 2023; 601:3011-3024. [PMID: 35815823 PMCID: PMC10655857 DOI: 10.1113/jp282749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The convergence of advanced single-cell in vivo functional imaging techniques, computational modelling tools and graph-based network analytics has heralded new opportunities to study single-cell dynamics across large-scale networks, providing novel insights into principles of brain communication and pointing towards potential new strategies for treating neurological disorders. A major recent finding has been the identification of unusually richly connected hub cells that have capacity to synchronize networks and may also be critical in network dysfunction. While hub neurons are traditionally defined by measures that consider solely the number and strength of connections, novel higher-order graph analytics now enables the mining of massive networks for repeating subgraph patterns called motifs. As an illustration of the power offered by higher-order analysis of neuronal networks, we highlight how recent methodological advances uncovered a new functional cell type, the superhub, that is predicted to play a major role in regulating network dynamics. Finally, we discuss open questions that will be critical for assessing the importance of higher-order cellular-scale network analytics in understanding brain function in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darian Hadjiabadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ivan Soltesz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shi Y, Cui H, Li X, Chen L, Zhang C, Zhao X, Li X, Shao Q, Sun Q, Yan K, Wang G. Laminar and dorsoventral organization of layer 1 interneuronal microcircuitry in superficial layers of the medial entorhinal cortex. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112782. [PMID: 37436894 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Layer 1 (L1) interneurons (INs) participate in various brain functions by gating information flow in the neocortex, but their role in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is still unknown, largely due to scant knowledge of MEC L1 microcircuitry. Using simultaneous triple-octuple whole-cell recordings and morphological reconstructions, we comprehensively depict L1IN networks in the MEC. We identify three morphologically distinct types of L1INs with characteristic electrophysiological properties. We dissect intra- and inter-laminar cell-type-specific microcircuits of L1INs, showing connectivity patterns different from those in the neocortex. Remarkably, motif analysis reveals transitive and clustered features of L1 networks, as well as over-represented trans-laminar motifs. Finally, we demonstrate the dorsoventral gradient of L1IN microcircuits, with dorsal L1 neurogliaform cells receiving fewer intra-laminar inputs but exerting more inhibition on L2 principal neurons. These results thus present a more comprehensive picture of L1IN microcircuitry, which is indispensable for deciphering the function of L1INs in the MEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Shi
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hui Cui
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ligu Chen
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinran Zhao
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaowan Li
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qiming Shao
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kaiyue Yan
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guangfu Wang
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Osanai H, Nair IR, Kitamura T. Dissecting cell-type-specific pathways in medial entorhinal cortical-hippocampal network for episodic memory. J Neurochem 2023; 166:172-188. [PMID: 37248771 PMCID: PMC10538947 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Episodic memory, which refers to our ability to encode and recall past events, is essential to our daily lives. Previous research has established that both the entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampus (HPC) play a crucial role in the formation and retrieval of episodic memories. However, to understand neural circuit mechanisms behind these processes, it has become necessary to monitor and manipulate the neural activity in a cell-type-specific manner with high temporal precision during memory formation, consolidation, and retrieval in the EC-HPC networks. Recent studies using cell-type-specific labeling, monitoring, and manipulation have demonstrated that medial EC (MEC) contains multiple excitatory neurons that have differential molecular markers, physiological properties, and anatomical features. In this review, we will comprehensively examine the complementary roles of superficial layers of neurons (II and III) and the roles of deeper layers (V and VI) in episodic memory formation and recall based on these recent findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisayuki Osanai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Indrajith R Nair
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Takashi Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dorman R, Bos JJ, Vinck MA, Marchesi P, Fiorilli J, Lorteije JAM, Reiten I, Bjaalie JG, Okun M, Pennartz CMA. Spike-based coupling between single neurons and populations across rat sensory cortices, perirhinal cortex, and hippocampus. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:8247-8264. [PMID: 37118890 PMCID: PMC10425201 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical computations require coordination of neuronal activity within and across multiple areas. We characterized spiking relationships within and between areas by quantifying coupling of single neurons to population firing patterns. Single-neuron population coupling (SNPC) was investigated using ensemble recordings from hippocampal CA1 region and somatosensory, visual, and perirhinal cortices. Within-area coupling was heterogeneous across structures, with area CA1 showing higher levels than neocortical regions. In contrast to known anatomical connectivity, between-area coupling showed strong firing coherence of sensory neocortices with CA1, but less with perirhinal cortex. Cells in sensory neocortices and CA1 showed positive correlations between within- and between-area coupling; these were weaker for perirhinal cortex. All four areas harbored broadcasting cells, connecting to multiple external areas, which was uncorrelated to within-area coupling strength. When examining correlations between SNPC and spatial coding, we found that, if such correlations were significant, they were negative. This result was consistent with an overall preservation of SNPC across different brain states, suggesting a strong dependence on intrinsic network connectivity. Overall, SNPC offers an important window on cell-to-population synchronization in multi-area networks. Instead of pointing to specific information-coding functions, our results indicate a primary function of SNPC in dynamically organizing communication in systems composed of multiple, interconnected areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinder Dorman
- Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Group, SILS Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J Bos
- Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Group, SILS Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, 6500 HC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin A Vinck
- Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Group, SILS Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Plank Society, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Pietro Marchesi
- Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Group, SILS Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Fiorilli
- Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Group, SILS Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanette A M Lorteije
- Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Group, SILS Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Reiten
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan G Bjaalie
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Okun
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Cyriel M A Pennartz
- Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Group, SILS Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yun S, Soler I, Tran FH, Haas HA, Shi R, Bancroft GL, Suarez M, de Santis CR, Reynolds RP, Eisch AJ. Behavioral pattern separation and cognitive flexibility are enhanced in a mouse model of increased lateral entorhinal cortex-dentate gyrus circuit activity. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1151877. [PMID: 37324519 PMCID: PMC10267474 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1151877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Behavioral pattern separation and cognitive flexibility are essential cognitive abilities that are disrupted in many brain disorders. A better understanding of the neural circuitry involved in these abilities will open paths to treatment. In humans and mice, discrimination and adaptation rely on the integrity of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) which receives glutamatergic input from the entorhinal cortex (EC), including the lateral EC (LEC). An inducible increase of EC-DG circuit activity improves simple hippocampal-dependent associative learning and increases DG neurogenesis. Here, we asked if the activity of LEC fan cells that directly project to the DG (LEC → DG neurons) regulates the relatively more complex hippocampal-dependent abilities of behavioral pattern separation or cognitive flexibility. C57BL/6J male mice received bilateral LEC infusions of a virus expressing shRNA TRIP8b, an auxiliary protein of an HCN channel or a control virus (SCR shRNA). Prior work shows that 4 weeks post-surgery, TRIP8b mice have more DG neurogenesis and greater activity of LEC → DG neurons compared to SCR shRNA mice. Here, 4 weeks post-surgery, the mice underwent testing for behavioral pattern separation and reversal learning (touchscreen-based location discrimination reversal [LDR]) and innate fear of open spaces (elevated plus maze [EPM]) followed by quantification of new DG neurons (doublecortin-immunoreactive cells [DCX+] cells). There was no effect of treatment (SCR shRNA vs. TRIP8b) on performance during general touchscreen training, LDR training, or the 1st days of LDR testing. However, in the last days of LDR testing, the TRIP8b shRNA mice had improved pattern separation (reached the first reversal more quickly and had more accurate discrimination) compared to the SCR shRNA mice, specifically when the load on pattern separation was high (lit squares close together or "small separation"). The TRIP8b shRNA mice were also more cognitively flexible (achieved more reversals) compared to the SCR shRNA mice in the last days of LDR testing. Supporting a specific influence on cognitive behavior, the SCR shRNA and TRIP8b shRNA mice did not differ in total distance traveled or in time spent in the closed arms of the EPM. Supporting an inducible increase in LEC-DG activity, DG neurogenesis was increased. These data indicate that the TRIP8b shRNA mice had better pattern separation and reversal learning and more neurogenesis compared to the SCR shRNA mice. This study advances fundamental and translational neuroscience knowledge relevant to two cognitive functions critical for adaptation and survival-behavioral pattern separation and cognitive flexibility-and suggests that the activity of LEC → DG neurons merits exploration as a therapeutic target to normalize dysfunctional DG behavioral output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Yun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ivan Soler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Fionya H. Tran
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Harley A. Haas
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Raymon Shi
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Maiko Suarez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christopher R. de Santis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ryan P. Reynolds
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amelia J. Eisch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu Y, Chen ZS. Computational models for state-dependent traveling waves in hippocampal formation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.19.541436. [PMID: 37292865 PMCID: PMC10245836 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.19.541436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal theta (4-10 Hz) oscillations have been identified as traveling waves in both rodents and humans. In freely foraging rodents, the theta traveling wave is a planar wave propagating from the dorsal to ventral hippocampus along the septotemporal axis. Motivated from experimental findings, we develop a spiking neural network of excitatory and inhibitory neurons to generate state-dependent hippocampal traveling waves to improve current mechanistic understanding of propagating waves. Model simulations demonstrate the necessary conditions for generating wave propagation and characterize the traveling wave properties with respect to model parameters, running speed and brain state of the animal. Networks with long-range inhibitory connections are more suitable than networks with long-range excitatory connections. We further generalize the spiking neural network to model traveling waves in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) and predict that traveling theta waves in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex are in sink.
Collapse
|
25
|
Martín-Cortecero J, Isaías-Camacho EU, Boztepe B, Ziegler K, Mease RA, Groh A. Monosynaptic trans-collicular pathways link mouse whisker circuits to integrate somatosensory and motor cortical signals. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002126. [PMID: 37205722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The superior colliculus (SC), a conserved midbrain node with extensive long-range connectivity throughout the brain, is a key structure for innate behaviors. Descending cortical pathways are increasingly recognized as central control points for SC-mediated behaviors, but how cortico-collicular pathways coordinate SC activity at the cellular level is poorly understood. Moreover, despite the known role of the SC as a multisensory integrator, the involvement of the SC in the somatosensory system is largely unexplored in comparison to its involvement in the visual and auditory systems. Here, we mapped the connectivity of the whisker-sensitive region of the SC in mice with trans-synaptic and intersectional tracing tools and in vivo electrophysiology. The results reveal a novel trans-collicular connectivity motif in which neurons in motor- and somatosensory cortices impinge onto the brainstem-SC-brainstem sensory-motor arc and onto SC-midbrain output pathways via only one synapse in the SC. Intersectional approaches and optogenetically assisted connectivity quantifications in vivo reveal convergence of motor and somatosensory cortical input on individual SC neurons, providing a new framework for sensory-motor integration in the SC. More than a third of the cortical recipient neurons in the whisker SC are GABAergic neurons, which include a hitherto unknown population of GABAergic projection neurons targeting thalamic nuclei and the zona incerta. These results pinpoint a whisker region in the SC of mice as a node for the integration of somatosensory and motor cortical signals via parallel excitatory and inhibitory trans-collicular pathways, which link cortical and subcortical whisker circuits for somato-motor integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Martín-Cortecero
- Medical Biophysics, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | | | - Berin Boztepe
- Medical Biophysics, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Katharina Ziegler
- Medical Biophysics, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Rebecca Audrey Mease
- Medical Biophysics, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Alexander Groh
- Medical Biophysics, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Adeyelu T, Ogundele OM. VTA multifaceted modulation of CA1 local circuits. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2023; 202:107760. [PMID: 37119849 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Excitatory pyramidal (PYR) cell activation of interneurons (INT) produces network oscillations that underlie cognitive processes in the CA1. Neural projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the hippocampus contribute to novelty detection by modulating CA1 PYR and INT activity. The role of the VTA in the VTA-hippocampus loop is mostly attributed to the dopamine neurons although the VTA glutamate-releasing terminals are dominant in the hippocampus. Because of the traditional focus on VTA dopamine circuits, how VTA glutamate inputs modulate PYR activation of INT in CA1 neuronal ensembles is poorly understood and has not been distinguished from the VTA dopamine inputs. By combining CA1 extracellular recording with VTA photostimulation in anesthetized mice, we compared the effects of VTA dopamine and glutamate input on CA1 PYR/INT connections. Stimulation of VTA glutamate neurons shortened PYR/INT connection time without altering the synchronization or connectivity strength. Conversely, activation of VTA dopamine inputs delayed CA1 PYR/INT connection time and increased the synchronization in putative pairs. Taken together, we conclude that VTA dopamine and glutamate projections produce tract-specific effects on CA1 PYR/INT connectivity and synchrony. As such, selective activation or co-activation of these systems will likely produce a range of modulatory effects on local CA1 circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tolulope Adeyelu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine. Baton Rouge, LA70803, Louisiana
| | - Olalekan M Ogundele
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine. Baton Rouge, LA70803, Louisiana.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Taxidis J, Madruga B, Melin MD, Lin MZ, Golshani P. Voltage imaging reveals that hippocampal interneurons tune memory-encoding pyramidal sequences. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.25.538286. [PMID: 37163029 PMCID: PMC10168205 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.25.538286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal spiking sequences encode and link behavioral information across time. How inhibition sculpts these sequences remains unknown. We performed longitudinal voltage imaging of CA1 parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing interneurons in mice during an odor-cued working memory task, before and after training. During this task, pyramidal odor-specific sequences encode the cue throughout a delay period. In contrast, most interneurons encoded odor delivery, but not odor identity, nor delay time. Population inhibition was stable across days, with constant field turnover, though some cells retained odor-responses for days. At odor onset, a brief, synchronous burst of parvalbumin cells was followed by widespread membrane hyperpolarization and then rebound theta-paced spiking, synchronized across cells. Two-photon calcium imaging revealed that most pyramidal cells were suppressed throughout the odor. Positive pyramidal odor-responses coincided with interneuronal rebound spiking; otherwise, they had weak odor-selectivity. Therefore, inhibition increases the signal-to-noise ratio of cue representations, which is crucial for entraining downstream targets.
Collapse
|
28
|
Tang Y, Yan Y, Mao J, Ni J, Qing H. The hippocampus associated GABAergic neural network impairment in early-stage of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101865. [PMID: 36716975 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest neurodegenerative disease with slow progression. Pieces of evidence suggest that the GABAergic system is impaired in the early stage of AD, leading to hippocampal neuron over-activity and further leading to memory and cognitive impairment in patients with AD. However, the precise impairment mechanism of the GABAergic system on the pathogenesis of AD is still unclear. The impairment of neural networks associated with the GABAergic system is tightly associated with AD. Therefore, we describe the roles played by hippocampus-related GABAergic circuits and their impairments in AD neuropathology. In addition, we give our understand on the process from GABAergic circuit impairment to cognitive and memory impairment, since recent studies on astrocyte in AD plays an important role behind cognition dysfunction caused by GABAergic circuit impairment, which helps better understand the GABAergic system and could open up innovative AD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Barrutieta-Arberas I, Ortuzar N, Vaquero-Rodríguez A, Picó-Gallardo M, Bengoetxea H, Guevara MA, Gargiulo PA, Lafuente JV. The role of ketamine in major depressive disorders: Effects on parvalbumin-positive interneurons in hippocampus. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:588-595. [PMID: 37158084 PMCID: PMC10350797 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231170007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex illness that is arising as a growing public health concern. Although several brain areas are related to this type of disorders, at the cellular level, the parvalbumin-positive cells of the hippocampus interplay a very relevant role. They control pyramidal cell bursts, neuronal networks, basic microcircuit functions, and other complex neuronal tasks involved in mood disorders. In resistant depressions, the efficacy of current antidepressant treatments drops dramatically, so the new rapid-acting antidepressants (RAADs) are being postulated as novel treatments. Ketamine at subanesthetic doses and its derivative metabolites have been proposed as RAADs due to their rapid and sustained action by blocking N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which in turn lead to the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This mechanism produces a rapid plasticity activation mediated by neurotransmitter homeostasis, synapse recovery, and increased dendritic spines and therefore, it is a promising therapeutic approach to improve cognitive symptoms in MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Barrutieta-Arberas
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - N Ortuzar
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - A Vaquero-Rodríguez
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - M Picó-Gallardo
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - H Bengoetxea
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - MA Guevara
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Experimental Psychology, Area of Pharmacology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, National University of Cuyo, 5502 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - PA Gargiulo
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Experimental Psychology, Area of Pharmacology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, National University of Cuyo, 5502 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - JV Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li YD, Luo YJ, Song J. Optimizing memory performance and emotional states: multi-level enhancement of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 79:102693. [PMID: 36822141 PMCID: PMC10023407 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) plays a key role in modulating memory and emotion processing. A fundamental question remains on how to effectively modulate AHN to improve hippocampal function. Here, we review recent work on how distinct aspects of hippocampal neurogenesis, including the number, maturation state, and activity of adult-born neurons (ABNs), contribute to overall hippocampal function. We propose multi-level enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis with the combination of increased number, elevated activity, and enhanced maturation of ABNs as a potential strategy to optimize overall hippocampal performance. In addition, integration of ABNs induces significant remodeling of the local hippocampal circuits, which may in turn modulates brain-wide network dynamics. We discuss recent progress on how integration of ABNs contributes to local hippocampal circuit and brain-wide network dynamics during behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. https://twitter.com/yadlee2
| | - Yan-Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ahmed N, Paré D. The Basolateral Amygdala Sends a Mixed (GABAergic and Glutamatergic) Projection to the Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus. J Neurosci 2023; 43:2104-2115. [PMID: 36788026 PMCID: PMC10039751 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1924-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex receives converging inputs from the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) and basolateral amygdala (BLA). Although many studies reported that the BLA also projects to MD, there is conflicting evidence regarding this projection, with some data suggesting that it originates from GABAergic or glutamatergic neurons. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the neurotransmitter used by MD-projecting BLA cells in male and female rats. We first examined whether BLA cells retrogradely labeled by Fast Blue infusions in MD are immunopositive for multiple established markers of BLA interneurons. A minority of MD-projecting BLA cells expressed somatostatin (∼22%) or calretinin (∼11%) but not other interneuronal markers, suggesting that BLA neurons projecting to MD not only include glutamatergic cells, but also long-range GABAergic neurons. Second, we examined the responses of MD cells to optogenetic activation of BLA axons using whole-cell recordings in vitro Consistent with our immunohistochemical findings, among responsive MD cells, light stimuli typically elicited isolated EPSPs (73%) or IPSPs (27%) as well as coincident EPSPs and IPSPs (11%). Indicating that these IPSPs were monosynaptic, light-evoked EPSPs and IPSPs had the same latency and the IPSPs persisted in the presence of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. Overall, our results indicate that the BLA sends a mixed, glutamatergic-GABAergic projection to MD, which likely influences coordination of activity between BLA, MD, and medial prefrontal cortex. An important challenge for future studies will be to examine the connections formed by MD-projecting glutamatergic and GABAergic BLA cells with each other and other populations of BLA cells.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) send convergent projections to the medial prefrontal cortex. Although many studies reported that the BLA also projects to MD, there is conflicting evidence as to whether this projection is glutamatergic or GABAergic. By combining tract tracing, immunohistochemistry, optogenetics, and patch clamp recordings in vitro, we found that BLA neurons projecting to MD not only include glutamatergic cells, but also long-range GABAergic neurons. Differential recruitment of these two contingents of cells likely influences coordination of activity between the BLA, MD, and medial prefrontal cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nowrin Ahmed
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Denis Paré
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Leprince E, Dard RF, Mortet S, Filippi C, Giorgi-Kurz M, Bourboulou R, Lenck-Santini PP, Picardo MA, Bocchio M, Baude A, Cossart R. Extrinsic control of the early postnatal CA1 hippocampal circuits. Neuron 2023; 111:888-902.e8. [PMID: 36608692 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The adult CA1 region of the hippocampus produces coordinated neuronal dynamics with minimal reliance on its extrinsic inputs. By contrast, neonatal CA1 is tightly linked to externally generated sensorimotor activity, but the circuit mechanisms underlying early synchronous activity in CA1 remain unclear. Here, using a combination of in vivo and ex vivo circuit mapping, calcium imaging, and electrophysiological recordings in mouse pups, we show that early dynamics in the ventro-intermediate CA1 are under the mixed influence of entorhinal (EC) and thalamic (VMT) inputs. Both VMT and EC can drive internally generated synchronous events ex vivo. However, movement-related population bursts detected in vivo are exclusively driven by the EC. These differential effects on synchrony reflect the different intrahippocampal targets of these inputs. Hence, cortical and subcortical pathways act differently on the neonatal CA1, implying distinct contributions to the development of the hippocampal microcircuit and related cognitive maps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Leprince
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Robin F Dard
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Salomé Mortet
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Filippi
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Giorgi-Kurz
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Bourboulou
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michel A Picardo
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Marco Bocchio
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France; Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Agnès Baude
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - Rosa Cossart
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED (UMR1249), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bilash OM, Chavlis S, Johnson CD, Poirazi P, Basu J. Lateral entorhinal cortex inputs modulate hippocampal dendritic excitability by recruiting a local disinhibitory microcircuit. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111962. [PMID: 36640337 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) provides multisensory information to the hippocampus, directly to the distal dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons. LEC neurons perform important functions for episodic memory processing, coding for contextually salient elements of an environment or experience. However, we know little about the functional circuit interactions between the LEC and the hippocampus. We combine functional circuit mapping and computational modeling to examine how long-range glutamatergic LEC projections modulate compartment-specific excitation-inhibition dynamics in hippocampal area CA1. We demonstrate that glutamatergic LEC inputs can drive local dendritic spikes in CA1 pyramidal neurons, aided by the recruitment of a disinhibitory VIP interneuron microcircuit. Our circuit mapping and modeling further reveal that LEC inputs also recruit CCK interneurons that may act as strong suppressors of dendritic spikes. These results highlight a cortically driven GABAergic microcircuit mechanism that gates nonlinear dendritic computations, which may support compartment-specific coding of multisensory contextual features within the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olesia M Bilash
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Spyridon Chavlis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete 70013, Greece
| | - Cara D Johnson
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Panayiota Poirazi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete 70013, Greece.
| | - Jayeeta Basu
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yun S, Soler I, Tran F, Haas HA, Shi R, Bancroft GL, Suarez M, de Santis CR, Reynolds RP, Eisch AJ. Behavioral pattern separation and cognitive flexibility are enhanced in a mouse model of increased lateral entorhinal cortex-dentate gyrus circuit activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.26.525756. [PMID: 36747871 PMCID: PMC9900985 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.26.525756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral pattern separation and cognitive flexibility are essential cognitive abilities which are disrupted in many brain disorders. Better understanding of the neural circuitry involved in these abilities will open paths to treatment. In humans and mice, discrimination and adaptation rely on integrity of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) which both receive glutamatergic input from the entorhinal cortex (EC), including the lateral EC (LEC). Inducible increase of EC-DG circuit activity improves simple hippocampal-dependent associative learning and increases DG neurogenesis. Here we asked if the activity of LEC fan cells that directly project to the DG (LEC➔DG neurons) regulates behavioral pattern separation or cognitive flexibility. C57BL6/J male mice received bilateral LEC infusions of a virus expressing shRNA TRIP8b, an auxiliary protein of an HCN channel or a control virus (SCR shRNA); this approach increases the activity of LEC➔DG neurons. Four weeks later, mice underwent testing for behavioral pattern separation and reversal learning (touchscreen-based Location Discrimination Reversal [LDR] task) and innate fear of open spaces (elevated plus maze [EPM]) followed by counting of new DG neurons (doublecortin-immunoreactive cells [DCX+] cells). TRIP8b and SCR shRNA mice performed similarly in general touchscreen training and LDR training. However, in late LDR testing, TRIP8b shRNA mice reached the first reversal more quickly and had more accurate discrimination vs. SCR shRNA mice, specifically when pattern separation was challenging (lit squares close together or "small separation"). Also, TRIP8b shRNA mice achieved more reversals in late LDR testing vs. SCR shRNA mice. Supporting a specific influence on cognitive behavior, SCR shRNA and TRIP8b shRNA mice did not differ in total distance traveled or in time spent in the closed arms of the EPM. Supporting an inducible increase in LEC-DG activity, DG neurogenesis was increased. These data indicate TRIP8b shRNA mice had better pattern separation and reversal learning and more neurogenesis vs. SCR shRNA mice. This work advances fundamental and translational neuroscience knowledge relevant to two cognitive functions critical for adaptation and survival - behavioral pattern separation and cognitive flexibility - and suggests the activity of LEC➔DG neurons merits exploration as a therapeutic target to normalize dysfunctional DG behavioral output.
Collapse
|
35
|
Chao OY, Nikolaus S, Yang YM, Huston JP. Neuronal circuitry for recognition memory of object and place in rodent models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104855. [PMID: 36089106 PMCID: PMC10542956 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Rats and mice are used for studying neuronal circuits underlying recognition memory due to their ability to spontaneously remember the occurrence of an object, its place and an association of the object and place in a particular environment. A joint employment of lesions, pharmacological interventions, optogenetics and chemogenetics is constantly expanding our knowledge of the neural basis for recognition memory of object, place, and their association. In this review, we summarize current studies on recognition memory in rodents with a focus on the novel object preference, novel location preference and object-in-place paradigms. The evidence suggests that the medial prefrontal cortex- and hippocampus-connected circuits contribute to recognition memory for object and place. Under certain conditions, the striatum, medial septum, amygdala, locus coeruleus and cerebellum are also involved. We propose that the neuronal circuitry for recognition memory of object and place is hierarchically connected and constructed by different cortical (perirhinal, entorhinal and retrosplenial cortices), thalamic (nucleus reuniens, mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei) and primeval (hypothalamus and interpeduncular nucleus) modules interacting with the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen Y Chao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Susanne Nikolaus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yi-Mei Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Joseph P Huston
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sumser A, Joesch M, Jonas P, Ben-Simon Y. Fast, high-throughput production of improved rabies viral vectors for specific, efficient and versatile transsynaptic retrograde labeling. eLife 2022; 11:e79848. [PMID: 36040301 PMCID: PMC9477495 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the function of neuronal circuits, it is crucial to disentangle the connectivity patterns within the network. However, most tools currently used to explore connectivity have low throughput, low selectivity, or limited accessibility. Here, we report the development of an improved packaging system for the production of the highly neurotropic RVdGenvA-CVS-N2c rabies viral vectors, yielding titers orders of magnitude higher with no background contamination, at a fraction of the production time, while preserving the efficiency of transsynaptic labeling. Along with the production pipeline, we developed suites of 'starter' AAV and bicistronic RVdG-CVS-N2c vectors, enabling retrograde labeling from a wide range of neuronal populations, tailored for diverse experimental requirements. We demonstrate the power and flexibility of the new system by uncovering hidden local and distal inhibitory connections in the mouse hippocampal formation and by imaging the functional properties of a cortical microcircuit across weeks. Our novel production pipeline provides a convenient approach to generate new rabies vectors, while our toolkit flexibly and efficiently expands the current capacity to label, manipulate and image the neuronal activity of interconnected neuronal circuits in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Sumser
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)KlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Maximilian Joesch
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)KlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Peter Jonas
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)KlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Yoav Ben-Simon
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)KlosterneuburgAustria
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Vienna Medical UniversityViennaAustria
- Allen Institute for Brain ScienceSeattle, WAUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Szocs S, Henn-Mike N, Agocs-Laboda A, Szabo-Meleg E, Varga C. Neurogliaform cells mediate feedback inhibition in the medial entorhinal cortex. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:779390. [PMID: 36003850 PMCID: PMC9393258 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.779390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Layer I of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) contains converging axons from several brain areas and dendritic tufts originating from principal cells located in multiple layers. Moreover, specific GABAergic interneurons are also located in the area, but their inputs, outputs, and effect on local network events remain elusive. Neurogliaform cells are the most frequent and critically positioned inhibitory neurons in layer I. They are considered to conduct feed-forward inhibition via GABAA and GABAB receptors on pyramidal cells located in several cortical areas. Using optogenetic experiments, we showed that layer I neurogliaform cells receive excitatory inputs from layer II pyramidal cells, thereby playing a critical role in local feedback inhibition in the MEC. We also found that neurogliaform cells are evenly distributed in layer I and do not correlate with the previously described compartmentalization (“cell islands”) of layer II. We concluded that the activity of neurogliaform cells in layer I is largely set by layer II pyramidal cells through excitatory synapses, potentially inhibiting the apical dendrites of all types of principal cells in the MEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szilard Szocs
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nora Henn-Mike
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Nora Henn-Mike,
| | - Agnes Agocs-Laboda
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Edina Szabo-Meleg
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Csaba Varga,
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
The role of inhibitory circuits in hippocampal memory processing. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:476-492. [DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
39
|
Yen TY, Huang X, MacLaren DAA, Schlesiger MI, Monyer H, Lien CC. Inhibitory projections connecting the dentate gyri in the two hemispheres support spatial and contextual memory. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110831. [PMID: 35584671 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) receives substantial input from the homologous brain area of the contralateral hemisphere. This input is by and large excitatory. Viral-tracing experiments provided anatomical evidence for the existence of GABAergic connectivity between the two DGs, but the function of these projections has remained elusive. Combining electrophysiological and optogenetic approaches, we demonstrate that somatostatin-expressing contralateral DG (SOM+ cDG)-projecting neurons preferentially engage dendrite-targeting interneurons over principal neurons. Single-unit recordings from freely moving mice reveal that optogenetic stimulation of SOM+ cDG projections modulates the activity of GABAergic neurons and principal neurons over multiple timescales. Importantly, we demonstrate that optogenetic silencing of SOM+ cDG projections during spatial memory encoding, but not during memory retrieval, results in compromised DG-dependent memory. Moreover, optogenetic stimulation of SOM+ cDG projections is sufficient to disrupt contextual memory recall. Collectively, our findings reveal that SOM+ long-range projections mediate inter-DG inhibition and contribute to learning and memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yun Yen
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Duncan Archibald Allan MacLaren
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magdalene Isabell Schlesiger
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Monyer
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Cheng-Chang Lien
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Subcortical control of the default mode network: Role of the basal forebrain and implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Brain Res Bull 2022; 185:129-139. [PMID: 35562013 PMCID: PMC9290753 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The precise interplay between large-scale functional neural systems throughout the brain is essential for performance of cognitive processes. In this review we focus on the default mode network (DMN), one such functional network that is active during periods of quiet wakefulness and believed to be involved in introspection and planning. Abnormalities in DMN functional connectivity and activation appear across many neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Recent evidence suggests subcortical regions including the basal forebrain are functionally and structurally important for regulation of DMN activity. Within the basal forebrain, subregions like the ventral pallidum may influence DMN activity and the nucleus basalis of Meynert can inhibit switching between brain networks. Interactions between DMN and other functional networks including the medial frontoparietal network (default), lateral frontoparietal network (control), midcingulo-insular network (salience), and dorsal frontoparietal network (attention) are also discussed in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders. Several subtypes of basal forebrain neurons have been identified including basal forebrain parvalbumin-containing or somatostatin-containing neurons which can regulate cortical gamma band oscillations and DMN-like behaviors, and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons which might gate access to sensory information during reinforcement learning. In this review, we explore this evidence, discuss the clinical implications on neuropsychiatric disorders, and compare neuroanatomy in the human vs rodent DMN. Finally, we address technological advancements which could help provide a more complete understanding of modulation of DMN function and describe newly identified BF therapeutic targets that could potentially help restore DMN-associated functional deficits in patients with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Collapse
|
41
|
Malik R, Li Y, Schamiloglu S, Sohal VS. Top-down control of hippocampal signal-to-noise by prefrontal long-range inhibition. Cell 2022; 185:1602-1617.e17. [PMID: 35487191 PMCID: PMC10027400 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is postulated to exert "top-down control" on information processing throughout the brain to promote specific behaviors. However, pathways mediating top-down control remain poorly understood. In particular, knowledge about direct prefrontal connections that might facilitate top-down control of hippocampal information processing remains sparse. Here we describe monosynaptic long-range GABAergic projections from PFC to hippocampus. These preferentially inhibit vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-expressing interneurons, which are known to disinhibit hippocampal microcircuits. Indeed, stimulating prefrontal-hippocampal GABAergic projections increases hippocampal feedforward inhibition and reduces hippocampal activity in vivo. The net effect of these actions is to specifically enhance the signal-to-noise ratio for hippocampal encoding of object locations and augment object-induced increases in spatial information. Correspondingly, activating or inhibiting these projections promotes or suppresses object exploration, respectively. Together, these results elucidate a top-down prefrontal pathway in which long-range GABAergic projections target disinhibitory microcircuits, thereby enhancing signals and network dynamics underlying exploratory behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Malik
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Selin Schamiloglu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vikaas S Sohal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Szabo GG, Farrell JS, Dudok B, Hou WH, Ortiz AL, Varga C, Moolchand P, Gulsever CI, Gschwind T, Dimidschstein J, Capogna M, Soltesz I. Ripple-selective GABAergic projection cells in the hippocampus. Neuron 2022; 110:1959-1977.e9. [PMID: 35489331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ripples are brief high-frequency electrographic events with important roles in episodic memory. However, the in vivo circuit mechanisms coordinating ripple-related activity among local and distant neuronal ensembles are not well understood. Here, we define key characteristics of a long-distance projecting GABAergic cell group in the mouse hippocampus that selectively exhibits high-frequency firing during ripples while staying largely silent during theta-associated states when most other GABAergic cells are active. The high ripple-associated firing commenced before ripple onset and reached its maximum before ripple peak, with the signature theta-OFF, ripple-ON firing pattern being preserved across awake and sleep states. Controlled by septal GABAergic, cholinergic, and CA3 glutamatergic inputs, these ripple-selective cells innervate parvalbumin and cholecystokinin-expressing local interneurons while also targeting a variety of extra-hippocampal regions. These results demonstrate the existence of a hippocampal GABAergic circuit element that is uniquely positioned to coordinate ripple-related neuronal dynamics across neuronal assemblies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gergely G Szabo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Jordan S Farrell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Barna Dudok
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Hsien Hou
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; DANDRITE, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anna L Ortiz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Tilo Gschwind
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jordane Dimidschstein
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marco Capogna
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; DANDRITE, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Center for Proteins in Memory - PROMEMO, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ivan Soltesz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kraus KL, Chordia AP, Drake AW, Herman JP, Danzer SC. Hippocampal interneurons are direct targets for circulating glucocorticoids. J Comp Neurol 2022; 530:2100-2112. [PMID: 35397117 PMCID: PMC9232959 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus has become a significant target of stress research in recent years because of its role in cognitive functioning, neuropathology, and regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Despite the pervasive impact of stress on psychiatric and neurological disease, many of the circuit- and cell-dependent mechanisms giving rise to the limbic regulation of the stress response remain unknown. Hippocampal excitatory neurons generally express high levels of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and are therefore positioned to respond directly to serum glucocorticoids. These neurons are, in turn, regulated by neighboring interneurons, subtypes of which have been shown to respond to stress exposure. However, GR expression among hippocampal interneurons is not well characterized. To determine whether key interneuron populations are direct targets for glucocorticoid action, we used two transgenic mouse lines to label parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SST+) interneurons. GR immunostaining of labeled interneurons was characterized within the dorsal and ventral dentate hilus, dentate cell body layer, and CA1 and CA3 stratum oriens and stratum pyramidale. While nearly all hippocampal SST+ interneurons expressed GR across all regions, GR labeling of PV+ interneurons showed considerable subregion variability. The percentage of PV+, GR+ cells was highest in the CA3 stratum pyramidale and lowest in the CA1 stratum oriens, with other regions showing intermediate levels of expression. Together, these findings indicate that, under baseline conditions, hippocampal SST+ interneurons are a ubiquitous glucocorticoid target, while only distinct populations of PV+ interneurons are direct targets. This anatomical diversity suggests functional differences in the regulation of stress-dependent hippocampal responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L Kraus
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Arihant P Chordia
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Austin W Drake
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James P Herman
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Steve C Danzer
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tukker JJ, Beed P, Brecht M, Kempter R, Moser EI, Schmitz D. Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:653-688. [PMID: 34254836 PMCID: PMC8759973 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism's spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a host of other functionally defined cell types including head direction cells, speed cells, border cells, and object-vector cells. Such spatial coding emerges from the processing of external inputs by local microcircuits. However, it remains unclear exactly how local microcircuits and their dynamics within the MEC contribute to spatial discharge patterns. In this review we focus on recent investigations of intrinsic MEC connectivity, which have started to describe and quantify both excitatory and inhibitory wiring in the superficial layers of the MEC. Although the picture is far from complete, it appears that these layers contain robust recurrent connectivity that could sustain the attractor dynamics posited to underlie grid pattern formation. These findings pave the way to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Tukker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humbold-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Brecht
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Kempter
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edvard I Moser
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humbold-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Urrutia-Piñones J, Morales-Moraga C, Sanguinetti-González N, Escobar AP, Chiu CQ. Long-Range GABAergic Projections of Cortical Origin in Brain Function. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:841869. [PMID: 35392440 PMCID: PMC8981584 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.841869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of long-range GABAergic projections has traditionally been focused on those with subcortical origin. In the last few years, cortical GABAergic neurons have been shown to not only mediate local inhibition, but also extend long-range axons to remote cortical and subcortical areas. In this review, we delineate the different types of long-range GABAergic neurons (LRGNs) that have been reported to arise from the hippocampus and neocortex, paying attention to the anatomical and functional circuits they form to understand their role in behavior. Although cortical LRGNs are similar to their interneuron and subcortical counterparts, they comprise distinct populations that show specific patterns of cortico-cortical and cortico-fugal connectivity. Functionally, cortical LRGNs likely induce timed disinhibition in target regions to synchronize network activity. Thus, LRGNs are emerging as a new element of cortical output, acting in concert with long-range excitatory projections to shape brain function in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Urrutia-Piñones
- Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Camila Morales-Moraga
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Nicole Sanguinetti-González
- Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Angelica P. Escobar
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Chiayu Q. Chiu
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Apicella AJ, Marchionni I. VIP-Expressing GABAergic Neurons: Disinhibitory vs. Inhibitory Motif and Its Role in Communication Across Neocortical Areas. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:811484. [PMID: 35221922 PMCID: PMC8867699 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.811484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
GABAergic neurons play a crucial role in shaping cortical activity. Even though GABAergic neurons constitute a small fraction of cortical neurons, their peculiar morphology and functional properties make them an intriguing and challenging task to study. Here, we review the basic anatomical features, the circuit properties, and the possible role in the relevant behavioral task of a subclass of GABAergic neurons that express vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). These studies were performed using transgenic mice in which the VIP-expressing neurons can be recognized using fluorescent proteins and optogenetic manipulation to control (or regulate) their electrical activity. Cortical VIP-expressing neurons are more abundant in superficial cortical layers than other cortical layers, where they are mainly studied. Optogenetic and paired recordings performed in ex vivo cortical preparations show that VIP-expressing neurons mainly exert their inhibitory effect onto somatostatin-expressing (SOM) inhibitory neurons, leading to a disinhibitory effect onto excitatory pyramidal neurons. However, this subclass of GABAergic neurons also releases neurotransmitters onto other GABAergic and non-GABAergic neurons, suggesting other possible circuit roles than a disinhibitory effect. The heterogeneity of VIP-expressing neurons also suggests their involvement and recruitment during different functions via the inhibition/disinhibition of GABAergic and non-GABAergic neurons locally and distally, depending on the specific local circuit in which they are embedded, with potential effects on the behavioral states of the animal. Although VIP-expressing neurons represent only a tiny fraction of GABAergic inhibitory neurons in the cortex, these neurons’ selective activation/inactivation could produce a relevant behavioral effect in the animal. Regardless of the increasing finding and discoveries on this subclass of GABAergic neurons, there is still a lot of missing information, and more studies should be done to unveil their role at the circuit and behavior level in different cortical layers and across different neocortical areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Junior Apicella
- Department of Biology, Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ivan Marchionni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zutshi I, Valero M, Fernández-Ruiz A, Buzsáki G. Extrinsic control and intrinsic computation in the hippocampal CA1 circuit. Neuron 2022; 110:658-673.e5. [PMID: 34890566 PMCID: PMC8857017 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In understanding circuit operations, a key problem is the extent to which neuronal spiking reflects local computation or responses to upstream inputs. We addressed this issue in the hippocampus by performing combined optogenetic and pharmacogenetic local and upstream inactivation. Silencing the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) largely abolished extracellular theta and gamma currents in CA1 while only moderately affecting firing rates. In contrast, CA3 and local CA1 silencing strongly decreased firing of CA1 neurons without affecting theta currents. Each perturbation reconfigured the CA1 spatial map. However, the ability of the CA1 circuit to support place field activity persisted, maintaining the same fraction of spatially tuned place fields and reliable assembly expression as in the intact mouse. Thus, the CA1 network can induce and maintain coordinated cell assemblies with minimal reliance on its inputs, but these inputs can effectively reconfigure and assist in maintaining stability of the CA1 map.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita Zutshi
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Manuel Valero
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ruiz
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Degro CE, Bolduan F, Vida I, Booker SA. Interneuron diversity in the rat dentate gyrus: An unbiased in vitro classification. Hippocampus 2022; 32:310-331. [PMID: 35171512 PMCID: PMC9306941 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Information processing in cortical circuits, including the hippocampus, relies on the dynamic control of neuronal activity by GABAergic interneurons (INs). INs form a heterogenous population with defined types displaying distinct morphological, molecular, and physiological characteristics. In the major input region of the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus (DG), a number of IN types have been described which provide synaptic inhibition to distinct compartments of excitatory principal cells (PrCs) and other INs. In this study, we perform an unbiased classification of GABAergic INs in the DG by combining in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, intracellular labeling, morphological analysis, and supervised cluster analysis to better define IN type diversity in this region. This analysis reveals that DG INs divide into at least 13 distinct morpho-physiological types which reflect the complexity of the local IN network and serve as a basis for further network analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudius E Degro
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Bolduan
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Imre Vida
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sam A Booker
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yi GL, Zhu MZ, Cui HC, Yuan XR, Liu P, Tang J, Li YQ, Zhu XH. A hippocampus dependent neural circuit loop underlying the generation of auditory mismatch negativity. Neuropharmacology 2022; 206:108947. [PMID: 35026286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.108947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracting relevant information and transforming it into appropriate behavior, is a fundamental brain function, and requires the coordination between the sensory and cognitive systems, however, the underlying mechanisms of interplay between sensory and cognition systems remain largely unknown. Here, we developed a mouse model for mimicking human auditory mismatch negativity (MMN), a well-characterized translational biomarker for schizophrenia, and an index of early auditory information processing. We found that a subanesthetic dose of ketamine decreased the amplitude of MMN in adult mice. Using pharmacological and chemogenetic approaches, we identified an auditory cortex-entorhinal cortex-hippocampus neural circuit loop that is required for the generation of MMN. In addition, we found that inhibition of dCA1→MEC circuit impaired the auditory related fear discrimination. Moreover, we found that ketamine induced MMN deficiency by inhibition of long-range GABAergic projection from the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus to the medial entorhinal cortex. These results provided circuit insights for ketamine effects and early auditory information processing. As the entorhinal cortex is the interface between the neocortex and hippocampus, and the hippocampus is critical for the formation, consolidation, and retrieval of episodic memories and other cognition, our results provide a neural mechanism for the interplay between the sensory and cognition systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Liang Yi
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Min-Zhen Zhu
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - He-Chen Cui
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xin-Rui Yuan
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Li
- Research Center for Brain-Computer Interface, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, 510330, China
| | - Xin-Hong Zhu
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, 510330, China; School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
AlSubaie R, Wee RWS, Ritoux A, Mishchanchuk K, Passlack J, Regester D, MacAskill AF. Control of parallel hippocampal output pathways by amygdalar long-range inhibition. eLife 2021; 10:e74758. [PMID: 34845987 PMCID: PMC8654375 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Projections from the basal amygdala (BA) to the ventral hippocampus (vH) are proposed to provide information about the rewarding or threatening nature of learned associations to support appropriate goal-directed and anxiety-like behaviour. Such behaviour occurs via the differential activity of multiple, parallel populations of pyramidal neurons in vH that project to distinct downstream targets, but the nature of BA input and how it connects with these populations is unclear. Using channelrhodopsin-2-assisted circuit mapping in mice, we show that BA input to vH consists of both excitatory and inhibitory projections. Excitatory input specifically targets BA- and nucleus accumbens-projecting vH neurons and avoids prefrontal cortex-projecting vH neurons, while inhibitory input preferentially targets BA-projecting neurons. Through this specific connectivity, BA inhibitory projections gate place-value associations by controlling the activity of nucleus accumbens-projecting vH neurons. Our results define a parallel excitatory and inhibitory projection from BA to vH that can support goal-directed behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rawan AlSubaie
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ryan WS Wee
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anne Ritoux
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Karyna Mishchanchuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jessica Passlack
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel Regester
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew F MacAskill
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|