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Zhang N, Chen K, Chen J, Ji W, Yang Z, Chen Z. Response Characteristics and Community Assembly Mechanisms of nirS-Type Denitrifiers in the Alpine Wetland under Simulated Precipitation Conditions. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:596. [PMID: 39194534 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The nitrogen cycling process in alpine wetlands is profoundly affected by precipitation changes, yet the dynamic response mechanism of denitrifiers to long-term precipitation shifts in the alpine wetland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau remains enigmatic. Utilizing high-throughput sequencing analysis of nirS-type functional genes, this study delved into the dynamic response mechanism of nirS-type denitrifiers to precipitation changes in the alpine wetland of Qinghai Lake. The findings revealed that nirS-type denitrifiers in the alpine wetland of Qinghai Lake were primarily Proteobacteria, and Alpha diversity exhibited a negative correlation with the precipitation gradient, with deterministic processes predominating in the community assembly of denitrifying microbes. A 50% increase in rainfall shifted the community assembly process of denitrifiers from deterministic to stochastic. Dominant microflora at the genus level responded significantly to precipitation changes, with aerobic bacteria comprising the majority of differentially abundant taxa (55.56%). As precipitation increased, the complexity of the microbial interaction network decreased, and a 25% reduction in precipitation notably elevated the relative abundance of three key functional groups: chemoheterotrophic, aerobic chemoheterotrophic, and nitrogen fixation. Precipitation notably emerged as the primary regulator of nirS-type denitrifiers in the alpine wetland of Qinghai Lake, accounting for 51% of the variation in community composition. In summary, this study offers a fresh perspective for investigating the ecological processes of nitrogen cycling in alpine ecosystems by examining the diversity and community composition of nirS-type denitrifiers in response to precipitation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zhang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
| | - Kelong Chen
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Institute of Global Environmental Change, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- Guanzhong Plain Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Treatment National Observation and Research Station, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
| | - Ziwei Yang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
| | - Zhirong Chen
- College of Resources, Environment and Life Sciences, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756099, China
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He T, Lin W, Yang S, Du J, Giri B, Feng C, Gilliam FS, Zhang F, Zhang X, Zhang X. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce soil N 2O emissions by altering root traits and soil denitrifier community composition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173065. [PMID: 38723969 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increase the ability of plants to obtain nitrogen (N) from the soil, and thus can affect emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), a long-lived potent greenhouse gas. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of AMF on N2O emissions are still poorly understood, particularly in agroecosystems with different forms of N fertilizer inputs. Utilizing a mesocosm experiment in field, we examined the effects of AMF on N2O emissions via their influence on maize root traits and denitrifying microorganisms under ammonia and nitrate fertilizer input using 15N isotope tracer. Here we show that the presence of AMF alone or both maize roots and AMF increased maize biomass and their 15N uptake, root length, root surface area, and root volume, but led to a reduction in N2O emissions under both N input forms. Random forest model showed that root length and surface area were the most important predictors of N2O emissions. Additionally, the presence of AMF reduced the (nirK + nirS)/nosZ ratio by increasing the relative abundance of nirS-Bradyrhizobium and Rubrivivax with ammonia input, but reducing nosZ-Azospirillum, Cupriavidus and Rhodopseudomonas under both fertilizer input. Further, N2O emissions were significantly and positively correlated with the nosZ-type Azospirillum, Cupriavidus and Rhodopseudomonas, but negatively correlated with the nirS-type Bradyrhizobium and Rubrivivax. These results indicate that AMF reduce N2O emissions by increasing root length to explore N nutrients and altering the community composition of denitrifiers, suggesting that effective management of N fertilizer forms interacting with the rhizosphere microbiome may help mitigate N2O emissions under future N input scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangqing He
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Co-construction State Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Wei Lin
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Shuo Yang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Co-construction State Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Du
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Co-construction State Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Bhoopander Giri
- Department of Botany, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Cheng Feng
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Co-construction State Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Frank S Gilliam
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of West Florida, Pensacola FL32514, USA
| | - Fuliang Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Co-construction State Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China.
| | - Xuelin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Co-construction State Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China.
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3
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Yang R, Liu X, Liu Y, Tian Q, Wang Z, Zhu D, Qian Z, Yi Y, Hu J, Li Y, Liang XF, Liu L, Su J. Dissolved oxygen and ammonia affect ammonia production via GDH/AMPK signaling pathway and alter flesh quality in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1237-1249. [PMID: 38517575 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The dissolved oxygen (DO) and ammonia are crucial to the growth of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). Information on the effects of DO and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) in regulating ammonia nitrogen excretion and flesh quality in Chinese perch is scanty. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dissolved DO at oxygen levels of 3 mg/L and 9 mg/L, as well as the TAN concentrations of 0.3 mg/L and 0.9 mg/L on ammonia excretion and flesh quality. Results showed that the ammonia contents in plasma, muscle, and liver of the 9 mg/L DO group were significantly higher than those of the 3 mg/L DO group (P < 0.05). However, the expression of AMPK-related signaling pathway genes (gdh, lkb1, and ampd) and flesh quality indicators (gumminess, chewiness, hardness) in the 9 mg/L DO group were significantly lower than those in the 3 mg/L DO group. Under long-term exposure to 0.9 mg/L TAN, the ammonia contents in plasma and gill filaments, as well as muscle flesh quality (resilience, gumminess, chewiness, cohesiveness), were significantly lower than those in the 0.3 mg/L TAN group (P < 0.05). However, the activities of GDH and AMPD enzymes in the 0.9 mg/L TAN group were significantly higher than those in the 0.3 mg/L TAN group. In summary, when fish are exposed to 3 mg/L DO and 0.9 mg/L TAN in the environment for a long time, their amino acids are used for transamination and deamination, resulting in insufficient energy supply for Chinese perch, whereas 9 mg/L DO and 0.9 mg/L TAN caused deterioration of the flesh quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Yang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuange Liu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qingda Tian
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dejie Zhu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhisong Qian
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi Yi
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiacheng Hu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xu-Fang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Jianmei Su
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Friendship Avenue 368, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
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Liu M, Xia M, Li X, Li Y, Wu J. Removal efficiency and abundance of nitrogen cycling microorganism in three bio-matrix materials to treat swine wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42991-43004. [PMID: 38880844 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
A bio-matrix material (BMM) system is used to pretreat swine wastewater and reduce the nitrogen (N) concentration to the tolerance range of plants in constructed wetlands. In this study, rice straw (RS), wheat straw (WS), and corn stalk (CS) were applied to treat pollutants from swine wastewater, respectively. This one year-long field experiment make up for the lack of long-term experiments and mechanistic investigations of BMM. The pollutant removal efficiency, degradation process of crop straw, and the abundance of nitrogen cycling genes were determined in different BMM systems. The results showed that the removal efficiency of COD, TN, NH4+, and NO3- was the best in the initial 6 months. Furthermore, RS and WS exhibited favorable annual removal efficiency of TN and NH4+, which were 32.81% and 32.99%, 35.3% and 34.97%, respectively. Moreover, the removal efficiency of COD was 30.81% in three BMM systems. Meanwhile, it was found that the dry matter (DM) degradation of crop straws was fast in the first 4-5 months. The degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were 94.19%, 94.36%, and 87.32%, respectively, in 1 year. The abundance of nitrogen cycling genes significantly increased by adding BMM, compared with CK (P < 0.05). This showed the abundance of the hzsB gene in RS was the highest, while nirK, nirS, AOA, and AOB were the highest in WS. The addition of RS and WS was better than that of CS in promoting the abundance of nitrogen cycling microorganisms. The results indicated that adding BMM could enhance the anaerobic ammonia oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification. This study not only extends our comprehension of BMM mechanisms in swine wastewater treatment but also serves as a guiding light for numerous farms in similar climate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
- Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Menghua Xia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
- Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China.
- Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China.
| | - Yuyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
- Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Jinshui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
- Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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5
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Chen C, Gong H, Wei Y, Xu T, Li J, Ding GC. Promoting agricultural waste-driven denitrification and nitrogen sequestration with nano-enabled strategy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 401:130746. [PMID: 38679240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology and biotechnology offer promising avenues for bolstering food security through the facilitation of soil nitrogen (N) sequestration and the reduction of nitrate leaching. Nonetheless, a comprehensive and mechanistic evaluation of their effectiveness and safety remains unclear. In this study, a soil remediation strategy employing nano-Fe3O4 and straw in N-contaminated soil was developed to elucidate N retention mechanisms via diverse metagenomics techniques. The findings revealed that subsoil amended with straw, particularly in conjunction with nano-Fe3O4, significantly increased subsoil N content (53.2%) and decreased nitrate concentration (74.6%) in leachate. Furthermore, the enrichment of functional genes associated with N-cycling, sulfate, nitrate, and iron uptake, along with chemotaxis, and responses to environmental stimuli or microbial collaboration, effectively mitigates nitrate leaching while enhancing soil N sequestration. This study introduces a pioneering approach utilizing nanomaterials in soil remediation, thereby offering the potential for the cultivation of safe vegetables in high N input greenhouse agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Observation and Research Station for Yangtze Estuarine Wetland Ecosystems, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haiqing Gong
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Jiangsu Province 215128, China
| | - Ting Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Jiangsu Province 215128, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Jiangsu Province 215128, China
| | - Guo-Chun Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Jiangsu Province 215128, China.
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6
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Deb S, Lewicka-Szczebak D, Rohe L. Microbial nitrogen transformations tracked by natural abundance isotope studies and microbiological methods: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172073. [PMID: 38554959 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient in the environment that exists in multiple oxidation states in nature. Numerous microbial processes are involved in its transformation. Knowledge about very complex N cycling has been growing rapidly in recent years, with new information about associated isotope effects and about the microbes involved in particular processes. Furthermore, molecular methods that are able to detect and quantify particular processes are being developed, applied and combined with other analytical approaches, which opens up new opportunities to enhance understanding of nitrogen transformation pathways. This review presents a summary of the microbial nitrogen transformation, including the respective isotope effects of nitrogen and oxygen on different nitrogen-bearing compounds (including nitrates, nitrites, ammonia and nitrous oxide), and the microbiological characteristics of these processes. It is supplemented by an overview of molecular methods applied for detecting and quantifying the activity of particular enzymes involved in N transformation pathways. This summary should help in the planning and interpretation of complex research studies applying isotope analyses of different N compounds and combining microbiological and isotopic methods in tracking complex N cycling, and in the integration of these results in modelling approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Deb
- Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Wrocław, pl. M. Borna 9, 50-204 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Lena Rohe
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Bundesallee 65, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
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Wang S, Lan B, Yu L, Xiao M, Jiang L, Qin Y, Jin Y, Zhou Y, Armanbek G, Ma J, Wang M, Jetten MSM, Tian H, Zhu G, Zhu YG. Ammonium-derived nitrous oxide is a global source in streams. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4085. [PMID: 38744837 PMCID: PMC11094135 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Global riverine nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions have increased more than 4-fold in the last century. It has been estimated that the hyporheic zones in small streams alone may contribute approximately 85% of these N2O emissions. However, the mechanisms and pathways controlling hyporheic N2O production in stream ecosystems remain unknown. Here, we report that ammonia-derived pathways, rather than the nitrate-derived pathways, are the dominant hyporheic N2O sources (69.6 ± 2.1%) in agricultural streams around the world. The N2O fluxes are mainly in positive correlation with ammonia. The potential N2O metabolic pathways of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) provides evidence that nitrifying bacteria contain greater abundances of N2O production-related genes than denitrifying bacteria. Taken together, this study highlights the importance of mitigating agriculturally derived ammonium in low-order agricultural streams in controlling N2O emissions. Global models of riverine ecosystems need to better represent ammonia-derived pathways for accurately estimating and predicting riverine N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyun Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bangrui Lan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Longbin Yu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Manyi Xiao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yucheng Jin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Gawhar Armanbek
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingchen Ma
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Manting Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Mike S M Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, AJ, 6525, the Netherlands
| | - Hanqin Tian
- Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability, Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - Guibing Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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8
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Zhao X, Meng T, Jin S, Ren K, Cai Z, Cai B, Li S. The Salinity Survival Strategy of Chenopodium quinoa: Investigating Microbial Community Shifts and Nitrogen Cycling in Saline Soils. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2829. [PMID: 38137973 PMCID: PMC10745458 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinoa is extensively cultivated for its nutritional value, and its exceptional capacity to endure elevated salt levels presents a promising resolution to the agricultural quandaries posed by salinity stress. However, limited research has been dedicated to elucidating the correlation between alterations in the salinity soil microbial community and nitrogen transformations. To scrutinize the underlying mechanisms behind quinoa's salt tolerance, we assessed the changes in microbial community structure and the abundance of nitrogen transformation genes across three distinct salinity thresholds (1 g·kg-1, 3 g·kg-1, and 6 g·kg-1) at two distinct time points (35 and 70 days). The results showed the positive effect of quinoa on the soil microbial community structure, including changes in key populations and its regulatory role in soil nitrogen cycling under salt stress. Choroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Myxococcota were inhibited by increased salinity, while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota increased. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria showed relatively stable abundances across time and salinity levels. Quinoa possesses the ability to synthesize or modify the composition of keystone species or promote the establishment of highly complex microbial networks (modularity index > 0.4) to cope with fluctuations in external salt stress environments. Furthermore, quinoa exhibited nitrogen (N) cycling by downregulating denitrification genes (nirS, nosZ), upregulating nitrification genes (Archaeal amoA (AOA), Bacterial amoA (AOB)), and stabilizing nitrogen fixation genes (nifH) to absorb nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-_N). This study paves the way for future research on regulating quinoa, promoting soil microbial communities, and nitrogen transformation in saline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuli Zhao
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No. 8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Tianzhu Meng
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No. 8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Shenghan Jin
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No. 8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Kaixing Ren
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No. 8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Zhe Cai
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No. 8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Bo Cai
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No. 8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Saibao Li
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, No. 8 Xueyuan Road, Linzhi 860000, China
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9
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Cisternas J, Rodríguez C, Serrano J, Leiva E. Study of the key biotic and abiotic parameters influencing ammonium removal from wastewaters by Fe 3+-mediated anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Feammox). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139463. [PMID: 37480952 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The release of ammonia (as NH4+) into water bodies causes serious environmental problems. Therefore, the removal of ammonia from wastewater effluents has become a worldwide concern. New autotrophic biological alternatives for ammonia removal could reduce the limitations of conventional organic carbon-dependent nitrification-denitrification methods. Here, the potential of anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to Fe3+ reduction (a process known as Feammox) is studied in wastewater treatment plants of the yeast and beer production industry, not related to ammonium or iron treatment. This process is presented as a viable option to improve the efficiency of ammonia removal from wastewater. The results of this study show that enrichments under Feammox conditions achieved removals of 28.19-32.25% of the total NH4+. The highest rates of ammonium removal and Fe3+ reduction were achieved using FeCl3 as iron source and pH = 7.0. Different environmental conditions for the enrichments were studied and it was found that the use of sodium acetate as a carbon source and an incubation temperature of 35 °C presented higher rates of iron reduction and higher increase in nitrate concentration, related to ammonium oxidative processes. Likewise, the presence of relevant species of the iron and nitrogen cycles as Ferrovum myxofaciens, Geobacter spp, Shewanella spp, Albidiferax ferrireducens and Anammox was verified, supporting the findings of this study. These results provide information that may be relevant to the potential applicability of Feammox to treat wastewater with high ammonia load and could help develop cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods for ammonium removal in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Cisternas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580745, Chile.
| | - Carolina Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Jennyfer Serrano
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580745, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Leiva
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436, Santiago, Chile.
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10
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Tahovská K, Kaštovská E, Choma M, Čapek P, Bárta J, Oulehle F. Ammonia oxidation and nitrate reduction marker genes are key indicators of nitrogen losses in temperate forest catchments. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:2049-2053. [PMID: 37286495 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic nitrogen inputs can alleviate N limitation and potentially impose N losses in forests, indicated by soil enrichment in 15 N over 14 N. However, the complexity of the nitrogen cycle hinders accurate quantification of N fluxes. Simultaneously, soil ecologists are striving to find meaningful indicators to characterise the "openness" of the nitrogen cycle. We integrate soil δ15 N with constrained ecosystem N losses and the functional gene potential of the soil microbiome in 14 temperate forest catchments. We show that N losses are associated with soil δ15 N and that δ15 N scales with the abundance of soil bacteria. The abundance of the archaeal amoA gene, representing the first step in nitrification (ammonia oxidation to nitrite), followed by the abundance of narG and napA genes, associated with the first step in denitrification (nitrate reduction to nitrite), explains most of the variability in soil δ15 N. These genes are more informative than the denitrification genes nirS and nirK, which are directly linked to N2 O production. Nitrite formation thus appears to be the critical step associated with N losses. Furthermore, we show that the genetic potential for ammonia oxidation and nitrate reduction is representative of forest soil 15 N enrichment and thus indicative of ecosystem N losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Tahovská
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kaštovská
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Choma
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Čapek
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bárta
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Oulehle
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biogeochemical and Hydrological Cycles, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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Li X, Zhao R, Li D, Wang G, Bei S, Ju X, An R, Li L, Kuyper TW, Christie P, Bender FS, Veen C, van der Heijden MGA, van der Putten WH, Zhang F, Butterbach-Bahl K, Zhang J. Mycorrhiza-mediated recruitment of complete denitrifying Pseudomonas reduces N 2O emissions from soil. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:45. [PMID: 36890606 PMCID: PMC9996866 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are key soil organisms and their extensive hyphae create a unique hyphosphere associated with microbes actively involved in N cycling. However, the underlying mechanisms how AMF and hyphae-associated microbes may cooperate to influence N2O emissions from "hot spot" residue patches remain unclear. Here we explored the key microbes in the hyphosphere involved in N2O production and consumption using amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Chemotaxis, growth and N2O emissions of isolated N2O-reducing bacteria in response to hyphal exudates were tested using in vitro cultures and inoculation experiments. RESULTS AMF hyphae reduced denitrification-derived N2O emission (max. 63%) in C- and N-rich residue patches. AMF consistently enhanced the abundance and expression of clade I nosZ gene, and inconsistently increased that of nirS and nirK genes. The reduction of N2O emissions in the hyphosphere was linked to N2O-reducing Pseudomonas specifically enriched by AMF, concurring with the increase in the relative abundance of the key genes involved in bacterial citrate cycle. Phenotypic characterization of the isolated complete denitrifying P. fluorescens strain JL1 (possessing clade I nosZ) indicated that the decline of net N2O emission was a result of upregulated nosZ expression in P. fluorescens following hyphal exudation (e.g. carboxylates). These findings were further validated by re-inoculating sterilized residue patches with P. fluorescens and by an 11-year-long field experiment showing significant positive correlation between hyphal length density with the abundance of clade I nosZ gene. CONCLUSIONS The cooperation between AMF and the N2O-reducing Pseudomonas residing on hyphae significantly reduce N2O emissions in the microsites. Carboxylates exuded by hyphae act as attractants in recruiting P. fluorescens and also as stimulants triggering nosZ gene expression. Our discovery indicates that reinforcing synergies between AMF and hyphosphere microbiome may provide unexplored opportunities to stimulate N2O consumption in nutrient-enriched microsites, and consequently reduce N2O emissions from soils. This knowledge opens novel avenues to exploit cross-kingdom microbial interactions for sustainable agriculture and for climate change mitigation. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Agronomy and Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, China
| | - Ruotong Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guangzhou Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuikuan Bei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaotang Ju
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ran An
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Thomas W Kuyper
- Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Christie
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Franz S Bender
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zürich, Switzerland
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ciska Veen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO KNAW), Wageningen, NL-6700 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zürich, Switzerland
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO KNAW), Wageningen, NL-6700 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- Pioneer Center Land-CRAFT, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Junling Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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12
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Han Y, Lu X, Liu Y, Deng Y, Zan F, Mao J, Hao T, Cao C, Wu X. Achieving superior nitrogen removal in an air-lifting internal circulating reactor for municipal wastewater treatment: Performance, kinetic analysis, and microbial pathways. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 371:128599. [PMID: 36632854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anticipated growth in living standards has accentuated higher requirements for effluent quality from municipal wastewater treatment. In this study, an air-lifting internal circulating reactor with a high internal circulation ratio (36:1) was established to treat municipal wastewater with a long-term operation. In the bioreactor, the average effluent chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen could be 13.1, 5.7, and lower than 1 mg/L, respectively. Further analysis of nitrogen removal showed that traditional nitrification and denitrification, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), and nitrogen assimilation accounted for 27.4 %, 68.7 %, and 3.9 % respectively. The proportion of aerobic bacteria (Saprospiraceae) and facultative bacteria (Comamonadaceae) were significantly increased, indicating a higher capacity for organic degradation in the reactor. The relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria and bacterial groups with SND (Comamonadaceae) increased. These results suggested the air-lifting internal circulating reactor could be a viable and efficient option for superior nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), and Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiejuan Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), and Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), and Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangfan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feixiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), and Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Mao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), and Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Cheng Cao
- Skyray Environment Technology (Xiantao) Co., Ltd, Xiantao, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), and Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentrations caused a shift of the metabolically active microbiome in vineyard soil. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:46. [PMID: 36809988 PMCID: PMC9942357 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated carbon dioxide concentrations (eCO2), one of the main causes of climate change, have several consequences for both vine and cover crops in vineyards and potentially also for the soil microbiome. Hence soil samples were taken from a vineyard free-air CO2 enrichment (VineyardFACE) study in Geisenheim and examined for possible changes in the soil active bacterial composition (cDNA of 16S rRNA) using a metabarcoding approach. Soil samples were taken from the areas between the rows of vines with and without cover cropping from plots exposed to either eCO2 or ambient CO2 (aCO2). RESULTS Diversity indices and redundancy analysis (RDA) demonstrated that eCO2 changed the active soil bacterial diversity in grapevine soil with cover crops (p-value 0.007). In contrast, the bacterial composition in bare soil was unaffected. In addition, the microbial soil respiration (p-values 0.04-0.003) and the ammonium concentration (p-value 0.003) were significantly different in the samples where cover crops were present and exposed to eCO2. Moreover, under eCO2 conditions, qPCR results showed a significant decrease in 16S rRNA copy numbers and transcripts for enzymes involved in N2 fixation and NO2- reduction were observed using qPCR. Co-occurrence analysis revealed a shift in the number, strength, and patterns of microbial interactions under eCO2 conditions, mainly represented by a reduction in the number of interacting ASVs and the number of interactions. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that eCO2 concentrations changed the active soil bacterial composition, which could have future influence on both soil properties and wine quality.
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14
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Botchkova E, Vishnyakova A, Popova N, Sukhacheva M, Kolganova T, Litti Y, Safonov A. Characterization of Enrichment Cultures of Anammox, Nitrifying and Denitrifying Bacteria Obtained from a Cold, Heavily Nitrogen-Polluted Aquifer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020221. [PMID: 36829499 PMCID: PMC9952944 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Anammox bacteria related to Candidatus Scalindua were recently discovered in a cold (7.5 °C) aquifer near sludge repositories containing solid wastes of uranium and processed polymetallic concentrate. Groundwater has a very high level of nitrate and ammonia pollution (up to 10 and 0.5 g/L, respectively) and a very low content of organic carbon (2.5 mg/L). To assess the potential for bioremediation of polluted groundwater in situ, enrichment cultures of anammox, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria were obtained and analyzed. Fed-batch enrichment of anammox bacteria was not successful. Stable removal of ammonium and nitrite (up to 100%) was achieved in a continuous-flow reactor packed with a nonwoven fabric at 15 °C, and enrichment in anammox bacteria was confirmed by FISH and qPCR assays. The relatively low total N removal efficiency (up to 55%) was due to nonstoichiometric nitrate buildup. This phenomenon can be explained by a shift in the metabolism of anammox bacteria towards the production of more nitrates and less N2 at low temperatures compared to the canonical stoichiometry. In addition, the too high an estimate of specific anammox activity suggests that N cycle microbial groups other than anammox bacteria may have contributed significantly to N removal. Stable nitrite production was observed in the denitrifying enrichment culture, while no "conventional" nitrifiers were found in the corresponding enrichment cultures. Xanthomonadaceae was a common taxon for all microbial communities, indicating its exclusive role in this ecosystem. This study opens up new knowledge about the metabolic capabilities of N cycle bacteria and potential approaches for sustainable bioremediation of heavily N-polluted cold ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Botchkova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Vishnyakova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Popova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Sukhacheva
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Kolganova
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy Litti
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9263699243
| | - Alexey Safonov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia
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15
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Bandekar M, Ramaiah N, Seleyi SC, Nazareth DR, Kekäläinen J. Diversity and Quantitative Detection of Clade I Type nosZ Denitrifiers in the Arabian Sea Oxygen Minimum Zone. Microbes Environ 2023; 38. [PMID: 36696991 PMCID: PMC10037096 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me22056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant amount of nitrous oxide (N2O) is effluxed into the atmosphere as a result of marine denitrification in the Arabian Sea (AS) oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). An assessment of temporal variations in the diversity and abundance of nosZ denitrifiers was performed to establish the relative importance of these bacteria in denitrification. Sampling was conducted at the Arabian Sea Time Series (ASTS) location and a quantitative PCR (qPCR) ana-lysis was performed. We detected a high abundance of the nosZ gene at core OMZ depths (250 m and 500 m), indicating the occurrence of denitrification in the AS-OMZ. The maximum abundance of the nosZ gene was observed during the Spring Intermonsoon (SIM) at 250 m (1.32×106 copies L-1) and 500 m (1.50×106 copies L-1). Sequencing ana-lysis showed that nosZ denitrifiers belonged to the classes Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammaproteobacteria. Taxonomic ana-lysis revealed that most OTUs were affiliated with Pseudomonas, Rhodopseudomonas, and Bradyrhizobium. Diversity indices and richness estimators confirmed a higher diversity of nosZ denitrifiers at 250 m than at 500 m during all three seasons. The present results also indicated that dissolved oxygen (DO) and total organic carbon (TOC) are critical factors influencing the diversity and abundance of the nosZ-denitrifying bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandar Bandekar
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland
| | - Nagappa Ramaiah
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography
| | - Seyieleno C Seleyi
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography
| | - Delcy R Nazareth
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography
| | - Jukka Kekäläinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland
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16
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Khandelwal A, Sugavanam R, Ramakrishnan B, Dutta A, Varghese E, Banerjee T, Nain L, Singh SB, Singh N. Bio-polysaccharide composites mediated degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in a sandy soil using free and immobilized consortium of Kocuria rosea and Aspergillus sydowii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:80005-80020. [PMID: 35220535 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on our previous study in minimal medium, Kocuria rosea and Aspergillus sydowii were identified as the best microbes for degradation of mixture of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The present study reports PAH degradation potential of these microbes in free and immobilized form. PAHs were extracted using QuEChERS-mediated process followed by quantification by high performance liquid chromatography. The microbial consortium of Kocuria rosea + Aspergillus sydowii was formulated in three bio-formulations, namely (i) bentonite-alginate composite beads; (ii) water dispersible granule composite using guar gum-nanobentonite; and (iii) composites of carboxymethyl cellulose-bentonite and were applied in PAH fortified (100 µg g-1) sandy loam soil. Results suggested that degradation data fitted well to first order kinetics as in most of the cases, the values of correlation coefficient (r) were > 0.95. The half-life (t1/2) values for PAHs in the uninoculated control soil were: naphthalene (10.43 d), fluorene (22.43 d), phenanthrene (24.64 d), anthracene (38.47 d), and pyrene (34.34 d). Inoculation of soil with free culture microbial consortium (without or with nutrient) and bio-formulation of degrading cultures enhanced degradation of all PAHs and half-life values were significantly reduced for each PAH: naphthalene (1.76-2.00 d), fluorene (2.52-6.65 d), phenanthrene (4.61-6.37 d), anthracene (9.01-12.22 d), and pyrene (10.98-15.55 d). Among different bio-formulations, guar gum-nanobentonite-based composite exhibited better efficacy for degradation of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and pyrene. The addition of microbial consortium in PAH fortified soil increased 16S rRNA gene copies of Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, compared to the uninoculated, PAH-fortified control. The microbial functional gene assays showed that the gene copies of amoA, nirK, nirS, and anammox increased, suggesting nitrogen regulation in the PAH-fortified soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Khandelwal
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Ramya Sugavanam
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | | | - Anirban Dutta
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Eldho Varghese
- Fishery Resources Assessment Division, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, 682 018, Kerala, India
| | - Tirthankar Banerjee
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Lata Nain
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Neera Singh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
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17
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Xiang N, Rädecker N, Pogoreutz C, Cárdenas A, Meibom A, Wild C, Gärdes A, Voolstra CR. Presence of algal symbionts affects denitrifying bacterial communities in the sea anemone Aiptasia coral model. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:105. [PMID: 37938763 PMCID: PMC9723753 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-022-00190-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The coral-algal symbiosis is maintained by a constant and limited nitrogen availability in the holobiont. Denitrifiers, i.e., prokaryotes reducing nitrate/nitrite to dinitrogen, could contribute to maintaining the nitrogen limitation in the coral holobiont, however the effect of host and algal identity on their community is still unknown. Using the coral model Aiptasia, we quantified and characterized the denitrifier community in a full-factorial design combining two hosts (CC7 and H2) and two strains of algal symbionts of the family Symbiodiniaceae (SSA01 and SSB01). Strikingly, relative abundance of denitrifiers increased by up to 22-fold in photosymbiotic Aiptasia compared to their aposymbiotic (i.e., algal-depleted) counterparts. In line with this, while the denitrifier community in aposymbiotic Aiptasia was largely dominated by diet-associated Halomonas, we observed an increasing relative abundance of an unclassified bacterium in photosymbiotic CC7, and Ketobacter in photosymbiotic H2, respectively. Pronounced changes in denitrifier communities of Aiptasia with Symbiodinium linucheae strain SSA01 aligned with the higher photosynthetic carbon availability of these holobionts compared to Aiptasia with Breviolum minutum strain SSB01. Our results reveal that the presence of algal symbionts increases abundance and alters community structure of denitrifiers in Aiptasia. Thereby, patterns in denitrifier community likely reflect the nutritional status of aposymbiotic vs. symbiotic holobionts. Such a passive regulation of denitrifiers may contribute to maintaining the nitrogen limitation required for the functioning of the cnidarian-algal symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xiang
- Marine Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Nils Rädecker
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Pogoreutz
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anny Cárdenas
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anders Meibom
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Advanced Surface Analysis (CASA), Institute of Earth Science, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wild
- Marine Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Astrid Gärdes
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Hochschule Bremerhaven, Fachbereich 1, An der Karlstadt 8, 27568, Bremerhaven, Germany
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18
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Zhang X, Qiu Y, Gilliam FS, Gillespie CJ, Tu C, Reberg-Horton SC, Hu S. Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Shift Community Composition of N-Cycling Microbes and Suppress Soil N 2O Emission. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:13461-13472. [PMID: 36041174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizae are ubiquitous symbiotic associations between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and terrestrial plants, in which AMF receive photosynthates from and acquire soil nutrients for their host plants. Plant uptake of soil nitrogen (N) reduces N substrate for microbial processes that generate nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. However, the underlying microbial mechanisms remain poorly understood, particularly in agroecosystems with high reactive N inputs. We examined how plant roots and AMF affect N2O emissions, N2O-producing (nirK and nirS) and N2O-consuming (nosZ) microbes under normal and high N inputs in conventional (CONV) and organically managed (OM) soils. Here, we show that high N input increased soil N2O emissions and the ratio of nirK to nirS microbes. Roots and AMF did not affect the (nirK + nirS)/nosZ ratio but significantly reduced N2O emissions and the nirK/nirS ratio. They reduced the nirK/nirS ratio by reducing nirK-Rhodobacterales but increasing nirS-Rhodocyclales in the CONV soil while decreasing nirK-Burkholderiales but increasing nirS-Rhizobiales in the OM soil. Our results indicate that plant roots and AMF reduced N2O emission directly by reducing soil N and indirectly through shifting the community composition of N2O-producing microbes in N-enriched agroecosystems, suggesting that harnessing the rhizosphere microbiome through agricultural management might offer additional potential for N2O emission mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Frank S Gilliam
- Department of Biology, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, United States
| | - Christopher J Gillespie
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Cong Tu
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - S Chris Reberg-Horton
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Shuijin Hu
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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19
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Nie Y, Lau SYL, Tan X, Lu X, Liu S, Tahvanainen T, Isoda R, Ye Q, Hashidoko Y. Sphagnum capillifolium holobiont from a subarctic palsa bog aggravates the potential of nitrous oxide emissions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:974251. [PMID: 36160957 PMCID: PMC9490422 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.974251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Melting permafrost mounds in subarctic palsa mires are thawing under climate warming and have become a substantial source of N2O emissions. However, mechanistic insights into the permafrost thaw-induced N2O emissions in these unique habitats remain elusive. We demonstrated that N2O emission potential in palsa bogs was driven by the bacterial residents of two dominant Sphagnum mosses especially of Sphagnum capillifolium (SC) in the subarctic palsa bog, which responded to endogenous and exogenous Sphagnum factors such as secondary metabolites, nitrogen and carbon sources, temperature, and pH. SC's high N2O emission activity was linked with two classes of distinctive hyperactive N2O emitters, including Pseudomonas sp. and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, whose hyperactive N2O emitting capability was characterized to be dominantly pH-responsive. As the nosZ gene-harboring emitter, Pseudomonas sp. SC-H2 reached a high level of N2O emissions that increased significantly with increasing pH. For emitters lacking the nosZ gene, an Enterobacteriaceae bacterium SC-L1 was more adaptive to natural acidic conditions, and N2O emissions also increased with pH. Our study revealed previously unknown hyperactive N2O emitters in Sphagnum capillifolium found in melting palsa mound environments, and provided novel insights into SC-associated N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Nie
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sharon Yu Ling Lau
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Sarawak Tropical Peat Research Institute, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Xiangping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teemu Tahvanainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Reika Isoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Li MJ, Wei MY, Fan XT, Zhou GW. Underestimation about the Contribution of Nitrate Reducers to Iron Cycling Indicated by Enterobacter Strain. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175581. [PMID: 36080348 PMCID: PMC9457790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrate-reducing iron(II) oxidation (NRFO) has been intensively reported in various bacteria. Iron(II) oxidation is found to be involved in both enzymatic and chemical reactions in nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing microorganisms (NRFOMs). However, little is known about the relative contribution of biotic and abiotic reactions to iron(II) oxidation for the common nitrate reducers during the NRFO process. In this study, the typical nitrate reducers, four Enterobacter strains E. hormaechei, E. tabaci, E. mori and E. asburiae, were utilized as the model microorganisms. The comparison of the kinetics of nitrate, iron(II) and nitrite and N2O production in setups with and without iron(II) indicates a mixture of enzymatic and abiotic oxidation of iron(II) in all four Enterobacter strains. It was estimated that 22−29% of total oxidized iron(II) was coupled to microbial nitrate reduction by E. hormaechei, E. tabaci, E. mori, and E. asburiae. Enterobacter strains displayed an metabolic inactivity with heavy iron(III) encrustation on the cell surface in the NRFOmedium during days of incubation. Moreover, both respiratory and periplasmic nitrate-reducing genes are encoded by genomes of Enterobacter strains, suggesting that cell encrustation may occur with periplasmic iron(III) oxide precipitation as well as the surface iron(II) mineral coating for nitrate reducers. Overall, this study clarified the potential role of nitrate reducers in the biochemical cycling of iron under anoxic conditions, in turn, re-shaping their activity during denitrification because of cell encrustation with iron(III) minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Meng-Yun Wei
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Fan
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Naufal M, Wu JH, Shao YH. Glutamate Enhances Osmoadaptation of Anammox Bacteria under High Salinity: Genomic Analysis and Experimental Evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11310-11322. [PMID: 35913201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An osmoprotectant that alleviates the bacterial osmotic stress can improve the bioreactor treatment of saline wastewater. However, proposed candidates are expensive, and osmoprotectants of anammox bacteria and their ecophysiological roles are not fully understood. In this study, a comparative analysis of 34 high-quality public metagenome-assembled genomes from anammox bacteria revealed two distinct groups of osmoadaptation. Candidatus Scalindua and Kuenenia share a close phylogenomic relation and osmoadaptation gene profile and have pathways for glutamate transport and metabolisms for enhanced osmoadaptation. The batch assay results demonstrated that the reduced Ca. Kuenenia activity in saline conditions was substantially alleviated with the addition and subsequent synergistic effects of potassium and glutamate. The operational test of two reactors demonstrated that the reduced anammox performance under brine conditions rapidly recovered by 35.7-43.1% as a result of glutamate treatment. The Ca. Kuenenia 16S rRNA and hydrazine gene expressions were upregulated significantly (p < 0.05), and the abundance increased by approximately 19.9%, with a decrease in dominant heterotrophs. These data demonstrated the effectiveness of glutamate in alleviating the osmotic stress of Ca. Kuenenia. This study provides genomic insight into group-specific osmoadaptation of anammox bacteria and can facilitate the precision management of anammox reactors under high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naufal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsien Shao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
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22
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Chen S, Wang M, Russo FM, Gobler CJ, Mao X. Efficient nitrogen removal from onsite wastewater by a novel continuous flow biofilter. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134642. [PMID: 35439482 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil-based passive biofiltration system is an economically feasible technology for nitrogen removal from onsite wastewater. However, the conventional design requires a large system footprint with limited treatment capacity. In this study, a novel continuous flow biofilter (CFB) with adjustable recirculation and continuous flow pattern was developed for onsite wastewater treatment with a small footprint. Efficient total nitrogen removal (80.1-97.5%) was observed at various hydraulic loadings (0.03-0.12 m3 m-2 d-1), nitrogen loadings (1.1-8.6 g N m-2 d-1) and recycle ratios (2-3) when treating septic tank effluent (STE), with low effluent TN (0.7-13.6 mg N L-1). Nitrous oxide was observed in the denitrification effluent indicating incomplete denitrification at elevated dissolved oxygen levels (3.3-5.8 mg L-1). Nitrogen removal rate (2.9-7.0 g N m-2 d-1) and ammonium removal rate (2.4-7.2 g N m-2 d-1) were positively correlated with nitrogen loadings increase (1.1-8.6 g N m-2 d-1) but were not significantly impacted by the hydraulic loading rate change (0.08-0.12 m3 m-2 d-1). The total biomass abundance and nitrifying microorganisms decreased significantly as the nitrification columns depth increased, while homogeneous microbial distribution was observed in the denitrification columns. The abundance of ammonium oxidizing archaea (AOA) increased significantly at increased hydraulic and nitrogen loading rate, while the ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) abundance remained steady. The abundance of functional genes involved in denitrification process (nirS, nirK and nosZ) responded differently when hydraulic and nitrogen loading rate changes. Collectively, this study suggested the CFB could efficiently remove nitrogen from onsite wastewater with fluctuating influent compositions and various hydraulic loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA; New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA; New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Frank M Russo
- New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Christopher J Gobler
- New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA; School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Xinwei Mao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA; New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
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23
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Mefferd CC, Zhou E, Seymour CO, Bernardo NA, Srivastava S, Bengtson AJ, Jiao JY, Dong H, Li WJ, Hedlund BP. Incomplete denitrification phenotypes in diverse Thermus species from diverse geothermal spring sediments and adjacent soils in southwest China. Extremophiles 2022; 26:23. [PMID: 35802188 PMCID: PMC9270275 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-022-01272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A few members of the bacterial genus Thermus have been shown to be incomplete denitrifiers, terminating with nitrite (NO2-) or nitrous oxide (N2O). However, the denitrification abilities of the genus as a whole remain poorly characterized. Here, we describe diverse denitrification phenotypes and genotypes of a collection of 24 strains representing ten species, all isolated from a variety of geothermal systems in China. Confirmed terminal products of nitrate reduction were nitrite or N2O, while nitric oxide (NO) was inferred as the terminal product in some strains. Most strains produced N2O; complete denitrification was not observed. Denitrification phenotypes were largely consistent with the presence of denitrification genes, and strains of the same species often had the same denitrification phenotypes and largely syntenous denitrification gene clusters. Genes for nirS and nirK coexisted in three Thermus brockianus and three Thermus oshimai genomes, which is a unique hallmark of some denitrifying Thermus strains and may be ecologically important. These results show that incomplete denitrification phenotypes are prominent, but variable, within and between Thermus species. The incomplete denitrification phenotypes described here suggest Thermus species may play important roles in consortial denitrification in high-temperature terrestrial biotopes where sufficient supply of oxidized inorganic nitrogen exists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enmin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cale O Seymour
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Noel A Bernardo
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Shreya Srivastava
- Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Amanda J Bengtson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- SWCA Environmental Consultants, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jian-Yu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailiang Dong
- Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Brian P Hedlund
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
- Nevada Institute for Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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24
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Synergistic Inorganic Carbon and Denitrification Genes Contributed to Nitrite Accumulation in a Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050222. [PMID: 35621500 PMCID: PMC9137978 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial denitrification, the termination of NO3−-N reduction at nitrite (NO2−-N), has received growing interest for treating wastewaters with high ammonium concentrations, because it can be coupled to anammox for total-nitrogen removal. NO2− accumulation in the hydrogen (H2)-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) has rarely been studied, and the mechanisms behind its accumulation have not been defined. This study aimed at achieving the partial denitrification with H2-based autotrophic reducing bacteria in a MBfR. Results showed that by increasing the NO3− loading, increasing the pH, and decreasing the inorganic-carbon concentration, a nitrite transformation rate higher than 68% was achieved. Community analysis indicated that Thauera and Azoarcus became the dominant genera when partial denitrification was occurring. Functional genes abundances proved that partial denitrification to accumulate NO2− was correlated to increases of gene for the form I RuBisCo enzyme (cbbL). This study confirmed the feasibility of autotrophic partial denitrification formed in the MBfR, and revealed the inorganic carbon mechanism in MBfR denitrification.
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25
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Newton K, Gonzalez E, Pitre FE, Brereton NJB. Microbial community origin and fate through a rural wastewater treatment plant. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2516-2542. [PMID: 35466495 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventional wastewater treatment relies on a complex microbiota; however, much of this community is still to be characterised. To better understand the origin, dynamics and fate of bacteria within a wastewater treatment plant: untreated primary wastewater, activated sludge, and post-treatment effluent were characterised. From 3,163 Exact Sequence Variants (ESVs), 860 were annotated to species-level. In primary wastewater, 28% of ESVs were putative bacterial species previously associated with humans, 14% with animals and 5% as common to the environment. Differential abundance analysis revealed significant relative reductions in ESVs from potentially humans-associated species from primary wastewater to activated sludge, and significant increases in ESVs from species associated with nutrient cycling. Between primary wastewater and effluent, 51% of ESVs from human-associated species did not significantly differ, and species such as Bacteroides massiliensis and Bacteroides dorei increased. These findings illustrate that activated sludge increased extracellular protease and urease-producing species, ammonia and nitrite oxidizers, denitrifiers and specific phosphorus accumulators. Although many human-associated species declined, some persisted in effluent, including strains of potential health or environmental concern. Species-level microbial assessment may be useful for understanding variation in wastewater treatment efficiency as well as for monitoring the release of microbes into surface water and the wider ecosystem. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kymberly Newton
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Gonzalez
- Canadian Center for Computational Genomics, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A4, Canada
| | - Frederic E Pitre
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Nicholas J B Brereton
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H1X 2B2, Canada
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26
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Wang Q, He J. Partnering of anammox and denitrifying bacteria benefits anammox's recovery from starvation and complete nitrogen removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152696. [PMID: 34974008 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The cooperative metabolic activity of anammox and denitrifying bacteria could speed up anammox's recovery and reduce nitrate generated from the anammox reaction. In this study, a laboratory-scale model system containing a defined anammox culture AMX and a simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) bacterium - Thauera sp. strain SND5 was established and investigated. Several lines of evidence revealed that strain SND5 consumed soluble microbial products (SMPs) generated by culture AMX (as high as 1.5 mg/L), stimulating anammox activity after long-term starvation. At low C/N ratios with an optimal C/N of 1, SND5 completely consumed organic carbon first at anoxic condition, storing carbon intracellularly as poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) (as high as 0.6 mg/L biomass), thereby creating a favorable environment for the growth of anammox bacteria. The anammox reaction and nitrate reduction supported by PHB catabolism could then proceed simultaneously, resulting in enhanced nitrogen removal. Cooperative interactions between anammox and denitrifying bacteria involving SMPs consumption and PHB synthesis may play a significant role in nitrogen cycling at nitrite- and carbon-limited environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkun Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
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27
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Deng F, Zhang D, Yang L, Li L, Lu Y, Wang J, Fan Y, Zhu Y, Li X, Zhang Y. Effects of antibiotics and heavy metals on denitrification in shallow eutrophic lakes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132948. [PMID: 34800504 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic and heavy metal residues in shallow lakes caused by aquaculture and human activities such as sewage discharge have attracted much attention and public concern. However, mechanisms by which these environmental pollutants affect the microorganism-mediated biogeochemical cycle are unknown. This study focused on the effects of antibiotics, heavy metal, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on denitrification in shallow lakes. The results showed that antibiotics and metal elements had inhibitory effects on denitrification, whereas AGRs exhibited stimulating effects. Specifically, the enrofloxacin concentration showed a significant negative correlation with the copy number of denitrifying bacteria, whereas the copy number of the ARGs sulI, sulII, and tetG showed significant positive correlations. In addition, tetG was closely related to the community structure of nirS-type denitrifiers, and nirS-type denitrifiers were significantly correlated with the potential denitrification rate (PDR). Furthermore, the ARGs sulI, sulII, and tetG were positively correlated with PDR (P < 0.05). By contrast, the metal elements arsenic, manganese, cobalt, and antimony were negatively correlated with the copy number of denitrifying bacteria. Arsenic was significantly correlated with the community composition of nirK-type denitrifiers, but nirK-type denitrifiers did not show a significant correlation with the PDR. This work extends our understanding of the effects of antibiotics and heavy metals on denitrification, but further studies are needed to determine the interaction effects of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Deng
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
| | - Liting Yang
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Li
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
| | - Yu Lu
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
| | - Yujiao Fan
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
| | - Yanrong Zhu
- Hanjiang Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources Survey, Bureau of Hydrology, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Xiangyang, 441022, PR China.
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, #7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China.
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Sun H, Jiang S. A review on nirS-type and nirK-type denitrifiers via a scientometric approach coupled with case studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:221-232. [PMID: 35072673 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The denitrification process plays an important role in improving water quality and is a source/sink of nitrous oxide to the atmosphere. The second important rate-limiting step of the denitrification process is catalyzed by two enzymes with different structures and unrelated evolutionary relationships, namely, the Cu-type nitrite reductase encoded by the nirK gene and the cytochrome cd1-type nitrite reductase encoded by the nirS gene. Although some relevant reviews have been published on denitrifiers, most of these reviews do not include statistical analysis, and do not compare the nirS and nirK communities in-depth. However, a systematic study of the nirS-type and nirK-type denitrifying communities and their response to environmental factors in different ecosystems is needed. In this review, a scientometric approach combined with case studies was used to study the nirS-type and nirK-type denitrifiers. The scientometric approach demonstrated that Pseudomonas, Paracoccus, and Thauera are the most frequently mentioned nirS-type denitrifiers, while Pseudomonas and Bradyrhizobium are the top two most frequently mentioned nirK-type denitrifiers. Among various environmental factors, the concentrations of nitrite, nitrate and carbon sources were widely reported factors that can influence the abundance and structure of nirS-type and nirK-type denitrifying communities. Case studies indicated that Bradyrhizobium was the major genus detected by high-throughput sequencing in both nirS and nirK-type denitrifiers in soil systems. nirS-type denitrifiers are more sensitive to the soil type, soil moisture, pH, and rhizosphere effect than nirK. To clarify the relationships between denitrifying communities and environmental factors, the DNA stable isotope probe combined with metagenomic sequencing is needed for new denitrifier detections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishu Sun
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanxue Jiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Effects of Plastic versus Straw Mulching Systems on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Enzymes in Strawberry Cultivation. SOIL SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems6010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate changes in abundance, structure, and enzyme activity of the soil microbiome in response to 4 years of mulching using either black polyethylene plastic film (PM) or wheat straw (SM). Soil samples (depth 0–5 and 5–10 cm) were collected from conventional strawberry plots, in two samplings: 1 week prior (S1) and 7 weeks after straw application (S2). Selected soil properties were monitored in each system and the abundance and structure of microbial communities were characterized via phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. The investigation of soil microbial functions included activities of the enzymes chitinase, leucine aminopeptidase, and acid phosphatase, as well as function genes involved in nitrogen transformation. Each mulch system resulted in distinct physicochemical properties. In particular, a pH value higher by one-unit under PM (7.6 ± 0.3) compared to SM (6.5 ± 0.3) was observed. Values for SOC, DOC, and total-N were 15%, 22%, and 16% higher in PM than in SM. The microbial biomass (total PLFAs) was 1.5-fold higher in SM compared to PM. The abundance of soil fungi (F) and bacteria (B) increased by 37% and 44% after straw incorporation compared to PM (S2). In particular, Gram-negative bacteria (gr–) increased by twofold in SM. Consequently, wider F:B and gr+:gr– ratios were observed in PM. According to the shifts in microbial abundance, the activity of the enzyme chitinase was lower by 27% in PM, while the activity of the acid phosphatase increased by 32%. Denitrification genes were not affected by the mulching systems. In conclusion, the abundance and structure of the investigated microbial groups and the enzyme activities were strongly influenced by the mulching system. In detail, effects on microbiota were primarily attributed to the altered soil pH and probably the input of degradable organic matter with straw mulching in SM. This resulted in higher abundance of soil microorganisms in SM, although measures within this cultivation system such as fungicide application may have exerted adverse effects on the microbiota.
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Zhang N, Zhang Y, Bohu T, Wu S, Bai Z, Zhuang X. Nitrogen Removal Characteristics and Constraints of an Alphaproteobacteria with Potential for High Nitrogen Content Heterotrophic Nitrification-Aerobic Denitrification. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020235. [PMID: 35208689 PMCID: PMC8879992 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) microorganisms has opened a new window for wastewater treatment. The underlying mechanism of HN-AD, however, is not fully understood because of the phylogenetic diversity of HN-AD microbes. The isolation and characterization of new HN-AD microorganisms are encouraging for furthering the understanding of this process. In this study, we found an Alphaproteobacteria isolate W30 from a historically polluted river in China through an HN-AD microbes screening process, which we identified as Pannonibacter sp. A potential HN-AD pathway for W30 was proposed based on N conversion analyses and the successful amplification of the entire denitrification gene series. The isolate exhibited high efficiency of aerobic inorganic nitrogen transformation, which accounted for 97.11% of NH4+-N, 100% of NO3−-N, and 99.98% of NO2−-N removal with a maximum linear rate of 10.21 mg/L/h, 10.46 mg/L/h, and 10.77 mg/L/h, respectively. Assimilation rather than denitrification was the main mechanism for the environmental nitrogen depletion mediated by W30. The effect of environmental constraints on aerobic NO3−-N removal were characterized, following a membrane bioreactor effluent test under an oxic condition. Compared to known Alphaproteobacterial HN-AD microbes, we showed that Pannonibacter sp. W30 could deplete nitrogen with no NO2−-N or NO3−-N accumulation in the HN-AD process. Therefore, the application of Pannonibacter sp. W30 has the potential for developing a felicitous HN-AD technology to treat N-laden wastewater at the full-scale level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Z.B.)
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Z.B.)
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Tsing Bohu
- State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
- CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science, Taipa, Macao
- CSIRO Mineral Resources, Australian Resources and Research Centre, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shanghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Z.B.)
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhihui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Z.B.)
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Xiongan Institute of Innovation, Xiongan New Area, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xuliang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Z.B.)
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (X.Z.)
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Liu Y, Chi Q, Cheng H, Ding H, Wen T, Zhao J, Feng X, Zhang J, Cai Z, Liu G. Comparative Microbial Nitrogen Functional Gene Abundances in the Topsoil vs. Subsoil of Three Grassland Habitats in Northern China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:792002. [PMID: 35095965 PMCID: PMC8798409 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.792002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The microbial groups of nitrogen fixers, ammonia oxidizers, and denitrifiers play vital roles in driving the nitrogen cycle in grassland ecosystems. However, the understanding of the abundance and distribution of these functional microorganisms as well as their driving factors were limited mainly to topsoil. In this study, the abundances of nitrogen functional genes (NFGs) involved in nitrogen fixation (nifH), ammonia oxidation (amoA), and denitrification (nirK, nirS, and nosZ) were investigated in both topsoil (0-10 cm, soil layer with concentrated root) and subsoil (30-40 cm, soil layer with spare root) of three grassland habitats in northern China. The abundance of NFGs decreased with soil depth except for the archaeal amoA gene and the distribution of nifH, archaeal amoA, nirK, and nirS gene was significantly impacted by grassland habitats. Moreover, the distribution of NFGs was more responsive to the vertical difference than horizontal spatial heterogeneity. Redundancy analysis revealed that the distribution pattern of overall NFGs was regulated by grassland habitats, and these regulations were more obvious in the subsoil than in the topsoil. Variance partitioning analysis further indicated that soil resource supply (e.g., organic matter) may control the vertical distribution of NFGs. Taken together, the findings in this study could fundamentally improve our understanding of the distribution of N cycling-associated microorganisms across a vertical scale, which would be useful for predicting the soil N availability and guiding the soil N management in grassland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiaodong Chi
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanxin Ding
- Suzhou Station of Farmland Quality Protection, Suzhou, China
| | - Teng Wen
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
- Zhongke Clean Soil (Guangzhou) Technology Service Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
- Zhongke Clean Soil (Guangzhou) Technology Service Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zucong Cai
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Zhongke Clean Soil (Guangzhou) Technology Service Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographical Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
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32
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Wang K, Du M, Wang Z, Liu H, Zhao Y, Wu C, Tian Y. Effects of bulking agents on greenhouse gases and related genes in sludge composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126270. [PMID: 34740796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of organic bulking agents on CO2, NH3, N2O and CH4 emission and related genes was evaluated in 40 days sludge composting with wood chip, wheat straw and rice husk, respectively. The results showed wood chip had the highest C/N of 111.3, total porosity of 93.13% and aeration porosity of 78.98% among three bulking agents. Wheat straw had the highest water-holding porosity of 25.62%, which could be critical factor increasing CH4 production and reducing NH3 emission. Moreover, there was no significant difference in N2O emission rates in three composting systems with three bulking agents. RDA analysis showed a negative correlation between mcrA and NH + 4-N. Nitrate content in raw feedstock was dominant factor limiting N2O yield due to low amoA. The continuous increase of oxidation-reduction potential was significantly positive correlated with pmoA and negative correlation with nirK and norB, which reduced N2O and CH4 production in the curing period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Mengfei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Harbin Institute of Technology National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Co., Ltd, Harbin 150090, China; Guangdong Yuehai Water Investment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518021, China
| | - Chuandong Wu
- Guangdong Yuehai Water Investment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518021, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Qi L, Li L, Yin L, Zhang W. Study on the properties of denitrifying carbon sources from cellulose plants and their nitrogen removal mechanisms. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:719-730. [PMID: 35100149 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon sources of cellulose plants are promising materials that enhance the activities of denitrifying bacteria in the groundwater system. To further verify the denitrification performance of cellulose plants and the main factors of affecting the denitrifying system, six cellulose plants from agricultural wastes (wood chip, corn cob, rice husk, corn straw, wheat straw, and sugar cane) were selected for bioavailable organic matter leaching experiments, carbon denitrification experiments, functional bacteria identification, and analysis experiments. The results show that the extracts of cellulose plants contain a mixed carbon sources system including small molecular organic acids, sugars, nitrogen-containing organic components, and esters. The qPCR results showed that the denitrifying bacteria had obvious advantages compared to anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria during the stable period; the denitrification experiment showed that each of six cellulose plants removed more than 80% of nitrogen, and the denitrification rates reached 1.00-2.00 mg N cm-3·d-1. The supplement of cellulose plants promotes the metabolism rate of denitrifying bacteria, and the additional denitrifying bacteria have little effect on nitrate removal. In summary, the expected denitrification reaction occurred in the cellulose plant system, which is suitable as a carbon source material for water body nitrogen pollution remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qi
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lin Yin
- School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310024, China; School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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34
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Hall NC, Sikaroodi M, Hogan D, Jones RC, Gillevet PM. The Presence of Denitrifiers In Bacterial Communities of Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs). ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 69:89-110. [PMID: 34860281 PMCID: PMC8758610 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) are engineered structures that attempt to mitigate the impacts of stormwater, which can include nitrogen inputs from the surrounding drainage area. The goal of this study was to assess bacterial community composition in different types of stormwater BMP soils to establish whether a particular BMP type harbors more denitrification potential. Soil sampling took place over the summer of 2015 following precipitation events. Soils were sampled from four bioretention facilities, four dry ponds, four surface sand filters, and one dry swale. 16S rRNA gene analysis of extracted DNA and RNA amplicons indicated high bacterial diversity in the soils of all BMP types sampled. An abundance of denitrifiers was also indicated in the extracted DNA using presence/absence of nirS, nirK, and nosZ denitrification genes. BMP soil bacterial communities were impacted by the surrounding soil physiochemistry. Based on the identification of a metabolically-active community of denitrifiers, this study has indicated that denitrification could potentially occur under appropriate conditions in all types of BMP sampled, including surface sand filters that are often viewed as providing low potential for denitrification. The carbon content of incoming stormwater could be providing bacterial communities with denitrification conditions. The findings of this study are especially relevant for land managers in watersheds with legacy nitrogen from former agricultural land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Hall
- U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, Reston, VA, USA.
| | - Masoumeh Sikaroodi
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
- Microbiome Analysis Center (MBAC), Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Dianna Hogan
- U.S. Geological Survey, Deputy Regional Director for Science, Southeast Region, Reston, VA, USA
| | - R Christian Jones
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
- Potomac Environmental Research and Education Center (PEREC), George Mason University, Woodbridge, VA, USA
| | - Patrick M Gillevet
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
- Microbiome Analysis Center (MBAC), Manassas, VA, USA
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Önal N, Avşar C, Aras ES. Detection of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas isolates and distribution of denitrifying functional genes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:1015-1031. [PMID: 31994901 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1720619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize 59 Pseudomonas strains isolated from soil samples in terms of Inducible Beta-Lactamase (IBL), fluorescence production, antibiotic resistance, presence of plasmids and genetic diversity, as well as denitrification functional genes. Fourteen out of fifty-nine (23.7%) Pseudomonas isolates were identified as multidrug-resistant. To evaluate the contribution of denitrification functional genes to genetic diversity, PCR products were screened by RFLP. It was determined that the 18, 6 and 22 out of 59 isolate harbored nirS, nirK and nosZ genes, respectively. It was found that the 37 isolates were nosZ-negative. Thus, these results suggest that nosZ gene-missing pseudomonad denitrifiers are partly contribute to N2O emission. Moreover, nirS, nirK and nosZ genes were found to be positive with IBL and negatively correlated with fluorescence production. These results suggest that Pseudomonas species have important roles in soil and even in biosphere due to their diversity and genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Önal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Avşar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - E Sümer Aras
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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36
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Contrasting microbiome dynamics of putative denitrifying bacteria in two octocoral species exposed to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and warming. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 88:e0188621. [PMID: 34788073 PMCID: PMC8788706 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01886-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutualistic nutrient cycling in the coral-algae symbiosis depends on limited nitrogen (N) availability for algal symbionts. Denitrifying prokaryotes capable of reducing nitrate or nitrite to dinitrogen could thus support coral holobiont functioning by limiting N availability. Octocorals show some of the highest denitrification rates among reef organisms; however, little is known about the community structures of associated denitrifiers and their response to environmental fluctuations. Combining 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing with nirS in-silico PCR and quantitative PCR, we found differences in bacterial community dynamics between two octocorals exposed to excess dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and concomitant warming. Although bacterial communities of the gorgonian Pinnigorgia flava remained largely unaffected by DOC and warming, the soft coral Xenia umbellata exhibited a pronounced shift toward Alphaproteobacteria dominance under excess DOC. Likewise, the relative abundance of denitrifiers was not altered in P. flava but decreased by 1 order of magnitude in X. umbellata under excess DOC, likely due to decreased proportions of Ruegeria spp. Given that holobiont C:N ratios remained stable in P. flava but showed a pronounced increase with excess DOC in X. umbellata, our results suggest that microbial community dynamics may reflect the nutritional status of the holobiont. Hence, denitrifier abundance may be directly linked to N availability. This suggests a passive regulation of N cycling microbes based on N availability, which could help stabilize nutrient limitation in the coral-algal symbiosis and thereby support holobiont functioning in a changing environment. IMPORTANCE Octocorals are important members of reef-associated benthic communities that can rapidly replace scleractinian corals as the dominant ecosystem engineers on degraded reefs. Considering the substantial change in the (a)biotic environment that is commonly driving reef degradation, maintaining a dynamic and metabolically diverse microbial community might contribute to octocoral acclimatization. Nitrogen (N) cycling microbes, in particular denitrifying prokaryotes, may support holobiont functioning by limiting internal N availability, but little is known about the identity and (a)biotic drivers of octocoral-associated denitrifiers. Here, we show contrasting dynamics of bacterial communities associated with two common octocoral species, the soft coral Xenia umbellata and the gorgonian Pinnigorgia flava after a 6-week exposure to excess dissolved organic carbon under concomitant warming conditions. The specific responses of denitrifier communities of the two octocoral species aligned with the nutritional status of holobiont members. This suggests a passive regulation based on N availability in the coral holobiont.
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Pang Y, Wang J. Various electron donors for biological nitrate removal: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148699. [PMID: 34214813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) pollution in water and wastewater has become a serious global issue. Biological denitrification, which reduces NO3- to N2 (nitrogen gas) by denitrifying microorganisms, is an efficient and economical process for the removal of NO3- from water and wastewater. During the denitrification process, electron donor is required to provide electrons for reduction of NO3-. A variety of electron donors, including organic and inorganic compounds, can be used for denitrification. This paper reviews the state of the art of various electron donors used for biological denitrification. Depending on the types of electron donors, denitrification can be classified into heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification. Heterotrophic denitrification utilizes organic compounds as electron donors, including low-molecular-weight organics (e.g. acetate, methanol, glucose, benzene, methane, etc.) and high-molecular-weight organics (e.g. cellulose, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, etc.); while autotrophic denitrification utilizes inorganic compounds as electron donors, including hydrogen (H2), reduced sulfur compounds (e.g. sulfide, element sulfur and thiosulfate), ferrous iron (Fe2+), iron sulfides (e.g. FeS, Fe1-xS and FeS2), arsenite (As(Ш)) and manganese (Mn(II)). The biological denitrification processes and the representative denitrifying microorganisms are summarized based on different electron donors, and their denitrification performance, operating costs and environmental impacts are compared and discussed. The pilot- or full-scale applications were summarized. The concluding remarks and future prospects were provided. The biodegradable polymers mediated heterotrophic denitrification, as well as H2 and sulfur mediated autotrophic denitrification are promising denitrification processes for NO3- removal from various types of water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Pang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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38
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Zhao T, Chen P, Zhang L, Zhang L, Gao Y, Ai S, Liu H, Liu X. Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by a novel Acinetobacter sp. TAC-1 at low temperature and high ammonia nitrogen. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 339:125620. [PMID: 34311410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel strain was isolated from swinewastewater and identified as Acinetobacter sp. TAC-1 based on its phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics. The strain TAC-1 was found to have a high ability to metabolize ammonium-N under low temperature condition. The strain TAC-1 could remove approximately 94.6% of ammonium-N (400 mg/L), 93.3% of nitrate-N (400 mg/L) and 42.4% of nitrite-N (400 mg/L) at 5 °C. The functional genes nitrate reductase gene (narG) and nitrite reductase gene (nirK, nirS) were successfully amplified by qPCR, further evidencing the heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification capability of Acinetobacter sp. TAC-1. The transcriptome data confirmed that the membrane transport protein and unsaturated fatty acid dehydrogenase-related genes of the strain TAC-1 were significantly up-regulated at 5 °C, enabling it to survive low temperatures. The high nitrogen removal ability at 5 °C makes this strain have a good application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Peipei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Shuo Ai
- Chongqing Shiji Eco-environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Chongqing Shiji Eco-environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd, China
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Xu Y, Lu J, Huang S, Zhao J. Submerged plants alleviated the impacts of increased ammonium pollution on anammox bacteria and nirS denitrifiers in the rhizosphere. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58755-58767. [PMID: 34120278 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Excess nitrogen input into water bodies can cause eutrophication and affect the community structure and abundance of the nitrogen-transforming microorganisms; thus, it is essential to remove nitrogen from eutrophic water bodies. Aquatic plants can facilitate the growth of rhizosphere microorganisms. This study investigated the impact of ammonium pollution on the anammox and denitrifying bacteria in the rhizosphere of a cultivated submerged macrophyte, Potamogeton crispus (P. crispus) by adding three different concentrations of slow-release urea (0, 400, 600 mg per kg sediment) to the sediment to simulate different levels of nitrogen pollution in the lake. Results showed that the ammonium concentrations in the interstitial water under three pollution treatments were significantly different, but the nitrate concentration remained stable. The abundance of anammox 16S rRNA and nitrite reductase (nirS) gene in rhizosphere sediments exhibited no significant differences under the three pollution conditions. The increase in the nitrogen pollution levels did not significantly affect the growth of anammox bacteria and nirS denitrifying bacteria (denitrifiers). The change trend of the abundance ratio of (anammox 16S rRNA)/nirS in different nitrogen treatment groups on the same sampling date was very close, indicating that this ratio was not affected by ammonium pollution levels when P. crispus existed. The redundancy analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the abundance of anammox 16S rRNA and nirS gene and that the abundance of these bacteria was significantly affected by the mole ratio of NH4+/NO3-. This study reveals that submerged plants weaken the environmental changes caused by ammonia pollution in the rhizosphere, thereby avoiding strong fluctuation of anammox bacteria and nirS denitrifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfan Xu
- Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Intelligent Manufacturing Technologies of Transport Infrastructure, Wuhan, 430040, China
- Key Laboratory of Large-span Bridge Construction Technology, Wuhan, 430040, China
- CCCC Second Harbor Engineering Company Ltd., Wuhan, 430040, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, QLD, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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40
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Ercole TG, Savi DC, Adamoski D, Kava VM, Hungria M, Galli-Terasawa LV. Diversity of maize (Zea mays L.) rhizobacteria with potential to promote plant growth. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1807-1823. [PMID: 34458975 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-limiting factors, such as low nutrient availability and weak pathogen resistance, may hinder the production of several crops. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) used in agriculture, which stimulate plant growth and development, can serve as a potential tool to mitigate or even circumvent these limitations. The present study evaluated the feasibility of using bacteria isolated from the maize rhizosphere as PGPB for the cultivation of this crop. A total of 282 isolates were collected and clustered into 57 groups based on their genetic similarity using BOX-PCR. A representative isolate from each group was selected and identified at the genus level with 16S rRNA sequencing. The identified genera included Bacillus (61.5% of the isolates), Lysinibacillus (30.52%), Pseudomonas (3.15%), Stenotrophomonas (2.91%), Paenibacillus (1.22%), Enterobacter (0.25%), Rhizobium (0.25%), and Atlantibacter (0.25%). Eleven isolates with the highest performance were selected for analyzing the possible pathways underlying plant growth promotion using biochemical and molecular techniques. Of the selected isolates, 90.9% were positive for indolepyruvate/phenylpyruvate decarboxylase, 54.4% for pyrroloquinoline quinine synthase, 36.4% for nitrogenase reductase, and 27.3% for nitrite reductase. Based on biochemical characterization, 9.1% isolates could fix nitrogen, 36.6% could solubilize phosphate, 54.5% could produce siderophores, and 90.9% could produce indole acetic acid. Enzymatic profiling revealed that the isolates could degrade starch (90.1%), cellulose (72.7%), pectin (81.8%), protein (90.9%), chitin (18.2%), urea (54.5%), and esters (45.4%). Based on the data obtained, we identified three Bacillus spp. (LGMB12, LGMB273, and LGMB426), one Stenotrophomonas sp. (LGMB417), and one Pseudomonas sp. (LGMB456) with the potential to serve as PGPB for maize. Further research is warranted to evaluate the biotechnological potential of these isolates as biofertilizers under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tairine G Ercole
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Daiani C Savi
- Department of Biomedicine, Centro Universitário Católica de Santa Catarina, R. Visconde de Taunay, 427. CEP, Joinville, SC, 89203-005, Brazil
| | - Douglas Adamoski
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Kava
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | | | - Lygia V Galli-Terasawa
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil.
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Wan R, Li X, Wang L, Yang G, Zheng X, Zha Y, Chen Y, Meng J. Ionic copper strengthens the toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) to denitrification by decreasing substrate transport and electron transfer. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126203. [PMID: 34492966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing electrical and electronic waste have raised concerns about the potential toxicity of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and heavy metals (HMs). However, few studies have focused on the combined effect of BFRs and HMs on microorganisms, especially denitrifying bacteria, which have an essential role in N cycles and N2O emission. Herein, we investigate the combined effect of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Cu on model denitrifying bacteria. A further 24.5% decline in N removal efficiency was observed when 0.05 mg/L Cu were added into a denitrifying system containing 0.75 mg/L TBBPA. Further study demonstrated that Cu heightened the toxicity of TBBPA to denitrification via following aspects: (1) Cu stimulated EPS secretion induced by TBBPA during denitrification, blocked the transmembrane transport of glucose, which caused insufficient carbon substrate for bacteria growth and electron provision; (2) Cu further suppressed key denitrifying enzymes' activity and down-regulated genes involving electron transport induced by TBBPA, led to the decrease of electron transport activity. Finally, the decrease of bacterial growth, insufficient electron donor, and lower electron transport activity caused the synergetic toxic effect of TBBPA and Cu on denitrification. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the combined effect of BFRs and HMs on microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 189 South of Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 189 South of Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 189 South of Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Geng Yang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 189 South of Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Xiong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunyi Zha
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 189 South of Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Meng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, 189 South of Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
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Wang W, Hu M, Shu X, Li H, Qi W, Yang Y, Zhang Q. Microbiome of permeable sandy substrate in headwater river is shaped by water chemistry rather than grain size and heterogeneity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146552. [PMID: 34030307 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The reservoir of microbial communities within the soil and the sediment performs many ecological functions and offers many ecosystem services. It has been suggested that its diversity and community structure could be explained by different grain size and heterogeneity. However, most of these conclusions come from studies conducted in terrestrial soil, impermeable marine and freshwater sediment (substrate). It remains to be seen whether these conclusions hold true in permeable substrate, especially in headwater river ecosystems. To address this, a field experiment was aimed to evaluate the link between grain median size and distribution heterogeneity and microbial diversity and community structure. Permeable substrate with gradient grain sizes and heterogeneities was inoculated in a headwater river in central China, while the diversity and community composition of the total microbial community and three denitrifier communities were investigated by high throughput sequencing three months later. The total microbial community was sequenced by 16S rRNA, a marker for taxonomic diversity. Three denitrifier communities were sequenced using three functional gene markers: nirK, nirS, and nosZ. The result showed that both the diversity and community structure of the total microbial community and three denitrifier communities were determined by water chemistry rather than grain size and size distribution heterogeneity, although grain size and heterogeneity positively influenced the nutrient concentrations of the substrate. Compared to the total microbial community, denitrification functional groups had more unique species proportions, indicating that functional genes were more sensitive to environmental change than the 16S rRNA gene. Our study fills a gap in understanding microbial communities in permeable sediment in a headwater river and highlights the less importance of grain size and heterogeneity on mm-scale in shaping the diversity and structure of microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Mingming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Beijing 10038, China; Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 10038, China
| | - Xiao Shu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wenhua Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuyi Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Quanfa Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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43
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Nejidat A, Diaz-Reck D, Gelfand I, Zaady E. Persistence and spread of tetracycline resistance genes and microbial community variations in the soil of animal corrals in a semi-arid planted forest. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6323997. [PMID: 34279614 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
At the spring, goat and sheep herds are transferred to planted forests, in a semi-arid region in the northern Negev Desert, Israel, to reduce herbaceous biomass and, fire risk. The herds are held overnight in corrals for about 4 months, enriching the soil with organic matter and nitrogen. This research examined the effect of these enrichments on soil bacterial community structure (BCS) and the abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) in active and abandoned corrals (1-10-years-old). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla dominated the soil of all corrals. The Actinobacteria were less abundant in the active and 1-year-old corrals (23-26%) than in the other corrals and the control (33-38%). A principal component analysis showed that, the BCS in the active and the 1-year-old abandoned corrals was significantly different from that in the older corrals and the control. The Firmicutes phylum constituted 28% of the BCS in the active corrals, 12.5% in the 1-year-old corrals and 2% in the older corrals and the control. In contrast, the Acidobacteria phylum was hardly detected in the active and 1-year-old abandoned corrals and constituted 10% of the BCS in the older corrals. Genes conferring resistance to tetracycline were detected in high numbers. The tetG and tetW genes were detected in the active and abandoned corrals (1-10 years). The tetQ gene was detected only in the active and 1-year-old abandoned corrals. None of the genes were detected in the control soil. The three genes were detected outside an active corral, in the downstream section of an ephemeral tributary. The results prove that abandoned and unobserved periodic animal corrals are an environmental reservoir for TRGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nejidat
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 84990, Israel
| | - Damiana Diaz-Reck
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-G urion 84990, Israel
| | - Ilya Gelfand
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 84990, Israel
| | - Eli Zaady
- Department of Natural Resources, Gilat Research Center, Agriculture Research Organization, Mobile, Post Negev 8531100, Israel
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Xiong J, Ma S, He X, Han L, Huang G. Nitrogen transformation and dynamic changes in related functional genes during functional-membrane covered aerobic composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125087. [PMID: 33831791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of functional membrane covering (FMC) on nitrogen transformation and related functional genes during aerobic composting were investigated by performing a comparable experiment. The FMC increased the pile temperature, promoted compost maturity, and decreased nitrogen loss. The FMC reduced NH3 and N2O emissions by 7.34% and 26.27%, respectively. The water film and the micro-positive pressure environment under the membrane effectively prevented NH3 escaping. The FMC up-regulated the amoA gene copy number (promoting NH3/NH4+ oxidation). The reduction of N2O emission by the FMC was mainly related to denitrifying genes (nirK, nirS, and nosZ). The FMC down-regulated the nirK and nirS gene copy numbers, but up-regulated the nosZ gene copy number. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the functional membrane characteristics and differences between the composting pile environments caused by the FMC significantly affected the nitrogen forms and the related functional genes. The FMC strongly decreased nitrogen emissions and therefore conserved nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Xiong
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ma
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xueqin He
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lujia Han
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guangqun Huang
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Tao Y, Zhang L, Su Z, Dai T, Zhang Y, Huang B, Wen D. Nitrogen-cycling gene pool shrunk by species interactions among denser bacterial and archaeal community stimulated by excess organic matter and total nitrogen in a eutrophic bay. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 169:105397. [PMID: 34157564 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial densities, functional genes, and their responses to environment factors have been studied for years, but still a lot remains unknown about their interactions with each other. In this study, the abundances of 7 nitrogen cycling genes in the sediments from Hangzhou Bay were analyzed along with bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA abundances as the biomarkers of their densities. The amount of organic matter (OM) and total nitrogen (TN) strongly positively correlated with each other and microbial densities, while total phosphate (TP) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) did not. Most studied genes were density suppressed, while nirS was density stable, and nosZ and hzo were density irrelevant. This suggests eutrophication could limit inorganic nitrogen cycle pathways and the removal of nitrogen in the sediment and emit more greenhouse gases. This study provides a new insight of microbial community structures, functions and their interactions in the sediments of eutrophic bays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Tao
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland; Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Liyue Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tianjiao Dai
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bei Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Zhoushan Marine Ecological Environmental Monitoring Station, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Donghui Wen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Suri N, Zhang Y, Gieg LM, Ryan MC. Denitrification Biokinetics: Towards Optimization for Industrial Applications. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:610389. [PMID: 34025593 PMCID: PMC8131540 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.610389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Denitrification is a microbial process that converts nitrate (NO3–) to N2 and can play an important role in industrial applications such as souring control and microbially enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). The effectiveness of using NO3– in souring control depends on the partial reduction of NO3– to nitrite (NO2–) and/or N2O while in MEOR complete reduction of NO3– to N2 is desired. Thauera has been reported as a dominant taxon in such applications, but the impact of NO3– and NO2– concentrations, and pH on the kinetics of denitrification by this bacterium is not known. With the goal of better understanding the effects of such parameters on applications such as souring and MEOR, three strains of Thauera (K172, NS1 and TK001) were used to study denitrification kinetics when using acetate as an electron donor. At low initial NO3– concentrations (∼1 mmol L–1) and at pH 7.5, complete NO3– reduction by all strains was indicated by non-detectable NO3– concentrations and near-complete recovery (> 97%) of the initial NO3-N as N2 after 14 days of incubation. The relative rate of denitrification by NS1 was low, 0.071 mmol L–1 d–1, compared to that of K172 (0.431 mmol L–1 d–1) and TK001 (0.429 mmol L–1 d–1). Transient accumulation of up to 0.74 mmol L–1 NO2– was observed in cultures of NS1 only. Increased initial NO3– concentrations resulted in the accumulation of elevated concentrations of NO2– and N2O, particularly in incubations with K172 and NS1. Strain TK001 had the most extensive NO3– reduction under high initial NO3– concentrations, but still had only ∼78% of the initial NO3-N recovered as N2 after 90 days of incubation. As denitrification proceeded, increased pH substantially reduced denitrification rates when values exceeded ∼ 9. The rate and extent of NO3– reduction were also affected by NO2– accumulation, particularly in incubations with K172, where up to more than a 2-fold rate decrease was observed. The decrease in rate was associated with decreased transcript abundances of denitrification genes (nirS and nosZ) required to produce enzymes for reduction of NO2– and N2O. Conversely, high pH also contributed to the delayed expression of these gene transcripts rather than their abundances in strains NS1 and TK001. Increased NO2– concentrations, N2O levels and high pH appeared to cause higher stress on NS1 than on K172 and TK001 for N2 production. Collectively, these results indicate that increased pH can alter the kinetics of denitrification by Thauera strains used in this study, suggesting that liming could be a way to achieve partial denitrification to promote NO2– and N2O production (e.g., for souring control) while pH buffering would be desirable for achieving complete denitrification to N2 (e.g., for gas-mediated MEOR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Navreet Suri
- Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lisa M Gieg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Cathryn Ryan
- Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Functional Interrelationships of Microorganisms in Iron-Based Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051039. [PMID: 34065964 PMCID: PMC8151836 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explicated the functional activities of microorganisms and their interrelationships under four previously reported iron reducing conditions to identify critical factors that governed the performance of these novel iron-dosed anaerobic biological wastewater treatment processes. Various iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) were identified as the predominant species that concurrently facilitated organics oxidation and the main contributors to removal of organics. The high organic contents of wastewater provided sufficient electron donors for active growth of both FeRB and SRB. In addition to the organic content, Fe (III) and sulfate concentrations (expressed by Fe/S ratio) were found to play a significant role in regulating the microbial abundance and functional activities. Various fermentative bacteria contributed to this FeRB-SRB synergy by fermenting larger organic compounds to smaller compounds, which were subsequently used by FeRB and SRB. Feammox (ferric reduction coupled to ammonium oxidation) bacterium was identified in the bioreactor fed with wastewater containing ammonium. Organic substrate level was a critical factor that regulated the competitive relationship between heterotrophic FeRB and Feammox bacteria. There were evidences that suggested a synergistic relationship between FeRB and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB), where ferric iron and organics concentrations both promoted microbial activities of FeRB and NFB. A concept model was developed to illustrate the identified functional interrelationships and their governing factors for further development of the iron-based wastewater treatment systems.
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Peng B, Sun J, Liu J, Xia Z, Dai W. Relative contributions of different substrates to soil N 2O emission and their responses to N addition in a temperate forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144126. [PMID: 33429272 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With increasing nitrogen (N) deposition, soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission is expected to increase, causing positive feedback to global warming. However, the substrates of soil N2O emission, especially their responses to N addition, are still unclear. Here, we conducted an in situ 15N tracing experiment to study the substrates of N2O (i.e., ammonium-derived, nitrate-derived and organic N-derived N2O emission) under N addition treatment in a temperate forest in northeast China. Nitrate derived N2O through denitrification contributed most to the total N2O emission, pointing to the importance of denitrification under ambient N deposition. NH4NO3 addition of 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 significantly increased organic N derived N2O on the 6th day after N addition, which suggests that heterotrophic nitrification may be the dominating process with higher N deposition rate. However, because soil pH and the examined functional genes did not change after N addition, future studies should be carried out to understand if the increase of heterotrophic nitrification is transient. Our study emphasizes the role of organic N pool in soil N2O emissions, highlighting the importance of considering the heterotrophic nitrification process while studying soil N cycling or modeling soil N2O emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China.
| | - Jianfei Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation of Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zongwei Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weiwei Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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Font Nájera A, Serwecińska L, Mankiewicz-Boczek J. Culturable nitrogen-transforming bacteria from sequential sedimentation biofiltration systems and their potential for nutrient removal in urban polluted rivers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7448. [PMID: 33811217 PMCID: PMC8018948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel heterotrophic bacterial strains—Bzr02 and Str21, effective in nitrogen transformation, were isolated from sequential sedimentation-biofiltration systems (SSBSs). Bzr02, identified as Citrobacter freundii, removed up to 99.0% of N–NH4 and 70.2% of N–NO3, while Str21, identified as Pseudomonas mandelii, removed up to 98.9% of N–NH4 and 87.7% of N–NO3. The key functional genes napA/narG and hao were detected for Bzr02, confirming its ability to reduce nitrate to nitrite and remove hydroxylamine. Str21 was detected with the genes narG, nirS, norB and nosZ, confirming its potential for complete denitrification process. Nitrogen total balance experiments determined that Bzr02 and Str21 incorporated nitrogen into cell biomass (up to 94.7% and 74.7%, respectively), suggesting that nitrogen assimilation was also an important process occurring simultaneously with denitrification. Based on these results, both strains are suitable candidates for improving nutrient removal efficiencies in nature-based solutions such as SSBSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoldo Font Nájera
- UNESCO Chair On Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland.,European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364, Łódź, Poland
| | - Liliana Serwecińska
- European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Joanna Mankiewicz-Boczek
- UNESCO Chair On Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland.,European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364, Łódź, Poland
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Performances of simultaneous enhanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus via biological aerated filter with biochar as fillers under low dissolved oxygen for digested swine wastewater treatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1741-1753. [PMID: 33792778 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the feasibility of biochar as a carrier to improve the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in biological aerated filters (BAFs) for treating low C/N digested swine wastewater (DSW). Two similar BAFs (BAF-A with hydrophobic polypropylene resin as fillers and BAF-B with bamboo biochar as carrier) were developed for DSW treatment. Results showed that the NH4+-N, TN, and TP removal performances in BAF-B were higher than those in BAF-A. Carrier type had an obvious influence on the structures and diversity of the microbial population. The biochar carrier in BAF-B was conducive to the enrichment of the functional microorganisms and the increase of microbial diversity under high NH4+-N conditions. Microbial analysis showed that the genera Rhodanobacter (10.64%), JGI_0001001-h003 (14.24%), RBG-13-54-9 (8.87%), Chujaibacter (11.27%), and Ottowia were the predominant populations involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the later stage of phase III in BAF-B. BAF with biochar as carrier was highly promising for TN and TP removal in low C/N and high NH4+-N DSW treatment.
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