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Wang Z, Gui Z, Zhang L, Wang Z. Advances in the mechanisms of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31464. [PMID: 39392232 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is common in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).A series of factors, such as calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders, uremic toxin accumulation, inflammation and oxidative stress and cellular senescence, cause osteoblast-like differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, secretion of extracellular vesicles, and imbalance of calcium regulatory factors, which together promote the development of VC in CKD. Recent advances in epigenetics have provided better tools for the investigation of VC etiology and new approaches for finding more accurate biomarkers. These advances have not only deepened our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of VC in CKD, but also provided valuable clues for the optimization of clinical predictors and the exploration of potential therapeutic targets. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis of CKD VC, especially the new advances made in recent years, including the various key factors mentioned above. Through the comprehensive analysis, we expect to provide a solid theoretical foundation and research direction for future studies targeting the specific mechanisms of CKD VC, the establishment of clinical predictive indicators and the development of potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zebin Gui
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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2
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Holderby KG, Kozak JA. Use of tetraethylammonium (TEA) and Tris loading for blocking TRPM7 channels in intact cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1341799. [PMID: 38659572 PMCID: PMC11039802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1341799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetraethylammonium (TEA), a quaternary ammonium compound, is a well-known blocker of potassium channels belonging to various subfamilies, such as KV1-3, KCa1, 2 and prokaryotic KcsA. In many cases, TEA acts from the extracellular side by open pore blockade. TEA can also block transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels, such as TRPM7, in a voltage-dependent manner. In human T lymphocytes, intracellular (cytosolic) TEA and its analog TMA (tetramethylammonium) inhibit TRPM7 channel currents in the outward but not inward direction. By contrast, intracellular Mg2+, protons and polyamines inhibit both outward and inward current components equally. Likewise, the majority of available pharmacological tools inhibit TRPM7 channels in a voltage-independent manner. Since TRPM7 is a steeply outwardly rectifying conductance, voltage-dependent blockers can be useful for studying the cellular functions of this channel. TRPM7 protein is endogenously expressed in diverse cell lines, including HEK, HeLa, CHO, RBL and Jurkat. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, we found that incubating HEK293 and Jurkat T cells overnight in the presence of 20 mM TEA-Cl, resulted in the nearly complete blockade of whole-cell TRPM7 outward current, measured at break-in. By contrast, the inward current was unchanged in TEA-loaded cells. The blockade was fully reversible after washout of intracellular solution in whole-cell but not in perforated-patch recording configurations. Overnight incubation with 20 mM TMA-Cl resulted in a more modest blockade of the outward TRPM7 current. Internal 129 mM TMA and TEA eliminated most of the outward current. TEA uptake in transfected HEK293 cells led to blockade of recombinant murine TRPM7 and the Mg2+ and pH insensitive Ser1107Arg variant. Unexpectedly, Tris-HCl, a widely used pH buffer, could similarly be loaded into Jurkat and HEK cells, and preferentially blocked outward TRPM7 currents. 20 mM and 129 mM Tris in the internal solution blocked TRPM7 current in outward but not inward direction. Voltage-dependent channel blockade by TEA, TMA and Tris loading will be useful for studying the properties and functions of TRPM7-mediated ion transport in intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine G. Holderby
- Undergraduate Program in Physiology and Neuroscience, Dayton, OH, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine and College of Science and Mathematics, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - J. Ashot Kozak
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine and College of Science and Mathematics, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
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3
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Kudryavtseva O, Lyngsø KS, Jensen BL, Dimke H. Nitric oxide, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, and smooth muscle-dependent mechanisms contribute to magnesium-dependent vascular relaxation in mouse arteries. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14096. [PMID: 38258597 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM Magnesium (Mg2+ ) is a vasorelaxant. The underlying physiological mechanisms driving this vasorelaxation remain unclear. Studies were designed to test the hypothesis that multiple signaling pathways including nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in endothelial cells as well as Ca2+ antagonization and TRPM7 channels in vascular smooth muscle cells mediate Mg2+ -dependent vessel relaxation. METHODS To uncover these mechanisms, force development was measured ex vivo in aorta rings from mice using isometric wire myography. Concentration responses to Mg2+ were studied in intact and endothelium-denuded aortas. Key findings were confirmed in second-order mesenteric resistance arteries perfused ex vivo using pressure myography. Effects of Mg2+ on NO formation were measured in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, isolated mesenteric vessels, and mouse urine. RESULTS Mg2+ caused a significant concentration-dependent relaxation of aorta rings. This relaxation was attenuated significantly in endothelium-denuded aortas. The endothelium-dependent portion was inhibited by NO and cGMP blockade but not by cyclooxygenase inhibition. Mg2+ stimulated local NO formation in CHO cells and isolated mesenteric vessels without changing urinary NOx levels. High extracellular Mg2+ augmented acetylcholine-induced relaxation. SKCa and IKCa channel blockers apamin and TRAM34 inhibited Mg2+ -dependent relaxation. The endothelium-independent relaxation in aorta rings was inhibited by high extracellular Ca2+ . Combined blockade of NO, SKCa , and IKCa channels significantly reduced Mg2+ -dependent dilatation in mesenteric resistance vessels. CONCLUSIONS In mouse conductance and resistance arteries Mg2+ -induced relaxation is contributed by endothelial NO formation, EDHF pathways, antagonism of Ca2+ in smooth muscle cells, and additional unidentified mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kudryavtseva
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Kristina S Lyngsø
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Boye L Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Dimke
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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4
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Zaslow SJ, Oliveira-Paula GH, Chen W. Magnesium and Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1155. [PMID: 38256228 PMCID: PMC10816532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) plays crucial roles in multiple essential biological processes. As the kidneys are the primary organ responsible for maintaining the blood concentration of Mg, people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may develop disturbances in Mg. While both hyper- and hypomagnesemia may lead to adverse effects, the consequences associated with hypomagnesemia are often more severe and lasting. Importantly, observational studies have shown that CKD patients with hypomagnesemia have greater vascular calcification. Vascular calcification is accelerated and contributes to a high mortality rate in the CKD population. Both in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that Mg protects against vascular calcification via several potential mechanisms, such as inhibiting the formation of both hydroxyapatite and pathogenic calciprotein particles as well as limiting osteogenic differentiation, a process in which vascular smooth muscle cells in the media layer of the arteries transform into bone-like cells. These preclinical findings have led to several important clinical trials that have investigated the effects of Mg supplementation on vascular calcification in people with CKD. Interestingly, two major clinical studies produced contradictory findings, resulting in a state of equipoise. This narrative review provides an overview of our current knowledge in the renal handling of Mg in health and CKD and the underlying mechanisms by which Mg may protect against vascular calcification. Lastly, we evaluate the strength of evidence from clinical studies on the efficacy of Mg supplementation and discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari J. Zaslow
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Gustavo H. Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Wang ZB, Zhang X, Xiao F, Liu ZQ, Liao QJ, Wu N, Wang J. Roles of TRPM7 in ovarian cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115857. [PMID: 37839677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer stands as the prevailing gynecologic malignancy, afflicting over 313,959 individuals annually worldwide, accompanied by more than 207,252 fatalities. Perturbations in calcium signaling contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of numerous cancers, including ovarian cancer, wherein alterations in calcium transporter expression have been reported. Overexpression of TRPM7, a prominent calcium transporter, has been linked to adverse prognostic outcomes in various cancer types. The focus of this comprehensive review centers around delineating the oncogenic role of TRPM7 in cancer development and exploring its therapeutic potential as a target in combating this disease. Notably, TRPM7 fosters cancer invasion, metastasis, and uncontrolled cell proliferation, thereby perpetuating the expansion and reinforcement of these malignant entities. Furthermore, this review takes ovarian cancer as an example and summarizes the "dual-mode" regulatory role of TRPM7 in cancer. Within the domain of ovarian cancer, TRPM7 assumes the role of a harsh tyrant, firmly controlling the calcium ion signaling pathway and metabolic reprogramming pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Wang
- Hunan Gynecological Tumor Clinical Research Center; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism; Hunan Cancer Hospital, and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Xiu Zhang
- Hunan Gynecological Tumor Clinical Research Center; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism; Hunan Cancer Hospital, and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Fen Xiao
- Hunan Gynecological Tumor Clinical Research Center; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism; Hunan Cancer Hospital, and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Qian-Jin Liao
- Hunan Gynecological Tumor Clinical Research Center; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism; Hunan Cancer Hospital, and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Gynecological Tumor Clinical Research Center; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism; Hunan Cancer Hospital, and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Hunan Gynecological Tumor Clinical Research Center; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism; Hunan Cancer Hospital, and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China.
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Okada Y, Numata T, Sabirov RZ, Kashio M, Merzlyak PG, Sato-Numata K. Cell death induction and protection by activation of ubiquitously expressed anion/cation channels. Part 3: the roles and properties of TRPM2 and TRPM7. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1246955. [PMID: 37842082 PMCID: PMC10576435 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1246955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell volume regulation (CVR) is a prerequisite for animal cells to survive and fulfill their functions. CVR dysfunction is essentially involved in the induction of cell death. In fact, sustained normotonic cell swelling and shrinkage are associated with necrosis and apoptosis, and thus called the necrotic volume increase (NVI) and the apoptotic volume decrease (AVD), respectively. Since a number of ubiquitously expressed ion channels are involved in the CVR processes, these volume-regulatory ion channels are also implicated in the NVI and AVD events. In Part 1 and Part 2 of this series of review articles, we described the roles of swelling-activated anion channels called VSOR or VRAC and acid-activated anion channels called ASOR or PAC in CVR and cell death processes. Here, Part 3 focuses on therein roles of Ca2+-permeable non-selective TRPM2 and TRPM7 cation channels activated by stress. First, we summarize their phenotypic properties and molecular structure. Second, we describe their roles in CVR. Since cell death induction is tightly coupled to dysfunction of CVR, third, we focus on their participation in the induction of or protection against cell death under oxidative, acidotoxic, excitotoxic, and ischemic conditions. In this regard, we pay attention to the sensitivity of TRPM2 and TRPM7 to a variety of stress as well as to their capability to physicall and functionally interact with other volume-related channels and membrane enzymes. Also, we summarize a large number of reports hitherto published in which TRPM2 and TRPM7 channels are shown to be involved in cell death associated with a variety of diseases or disorders, in some cases as double-edged swords. Lastly, we attempt to describe how TRPM2 and TRPM7 are organized in the ionic mechanisms leading to cell death induction and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Okada
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, AkitaUniversity, Akita, Japan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical Uniersity, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Numata
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, AkitaUniversity, Akita, Japan
| | - Ravshan Z. Sabirov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Makiko Kashio
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical Uniersity, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Peter G. Merzlyak
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Kaori Sato-Numata
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, AkitaUniversity, Akita, Japan
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Liu M, Dudley SC. Beyond Ion Homeostasis: Hypomagnesemia, Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin Channel 7, Mitochondrial Function, and Inflammation. Nutrients 2023; 15:3920. [PMID: 37764704 PMCID: PMC10536927 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As the second most abundant intracellular divalent cation, magnesium (Mg2+) is essential for cell functions, such as ATP production, protein/DNA synthesis, protein activity, and mitochondrial function. Mg2+ plays a critical role in heart rhythm, muscle contraction, and blood pressure. A significant decline in Mg2+ intake has been reported in developed countries because of the increased consumption of processed food and filtered/deionized water, which can lead to hypomagnesemia (HypoMg). HypoMg is commonly observed in cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmias, and diabetic cardiomyopathy, and HypoMg is a predictor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. On the other hand, Mg2+ supplementation has shown significant therapeutic effects in cardiovascular diseases. Some of the effects of HypoMg have been ascribed to changes in Mg2+ participation in enzyme activity, ATP stabilization, enzyme kinetics, and alterations in Ca2+, Na+, and other cations. In this manuscript, we discuss new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of HypoMg that surpass previously described effects. HypoMg causes mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Many of these effects can be attributed to the HypoMg-induced upregulation of a Mg2+ transporter transient receptor potential melastatin 7 channel (TRMP7) that is also a kinase. An increase in kinase signaling mediated by HypoMg-induced TRPM7 transcriptional upregulation, independently of any change in Mg2+ transport function, likely seems responsible for many of the effects of HypoMg. Therefore, Mg2+ supplementation and TRPM7 kinase inhibition may work to treat the sequelae of HypoMg by preventing increased TRPM7 kinase activity rather than just altering ion homeostasis. Since many diseases are characterized by oxidative stress or inflammation, Mg2+ supplementation and TRPM7 kinase inhibition may have wider implications for other diseases by acting to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, The Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
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Liu Q, Li S, Qiu Y, Zhang J, Rios FJ, Zou Z, Touyz RM. Cardiovascular toxicity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors during cancer treatment: Potential involvement of TRPM7. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1002438. [PMID: 36818331 PMCID: PMC9936099 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1002438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a class of membrane spanning cell-surface receptors that transmit extracellular signals through the membrane to trigger diverse intracellular signaling through tyrosine kinases (TKs), and play important role in cancer development. Therapeutic approaches targeting RTKs such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and TKs, such as c-Src, ABL, JAK, are widely used to treat human cancers. Despite favorable benefits in cancer treatment that prolong survival, these tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies targeting RTKs are also accompanied by adverse effects, including cardiovascular toxicity. Mechanisms underlying TKI-induced cardiovascular toxicity remain unclear. The transient receptor potential melastatin-subfamily member 7 (TRPM7) is a ubiquitously expressed chanzyme consisting of a membrane-based ion channel and intracellular α-kinase. TRPM7 is a cation channel that regulates transmembrane Mg2+ and Ca2+ and is involved in a variety of (patho)physiological processes in the cardiovascular system, contributing to hypertension, cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and atrial arrhythmias. Of importance, we and others demonstrated significant cross-talk between TRPM7, RTKs, and TK signaling in different cell types including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which might be a link between TKIs and their cardiovascular effects. In this review, we summarize the implications of RTK inhibitors (RTKIs) and TKIs in cardiovascular toxicities during anti-cancer treatment, with a focus on the potential role of TRPM7/Mg2+ as a mediator of RTKI/TKI-induced cardiovascular toxicity. We also describe the important role of TRPM7 in cancer development and cardiovascular diseases, and the interaction between TRPM7 and RTKs, providing insights for possible mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease in cancer patients treated with RTKI/TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suyao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuran Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Francisco J. Rios
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhiguo Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Zhiguo Zou ✉
| | - Rhian M. Touyz
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Rhian M. Touyz ✉
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9
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Gao X, Kuo CW, Main A, Brown E, Rios FJ, Camargo LDL, Mary S, Wypijewski K, Gök C, Touyz RM, Fuller W. Palmitoylation regulates cellular distribution of and transmembrane Ca flux through TrpM7. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102639. [PMID: 36027648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The bifunctional cation channel/kinase TrpM7 is ubiquitously expressed and regulates embryonic development and pathogenesis of several common diseases. The TrpM7 integral membrane ion channel domain regulates transmembrane movement of divalent cations, and its kinase domain controls gene expression via histone phosphorylation. Mechanisms regulating TrpM7 are elusive. It exists in two populations in the cell: at the cell surface where it controls divalent cation fluxes, and in intracellular vesicles where it controls zinc uptake and release. Here we report that TrpM7 is palmitoylated at a cluster of cysteines at the C terminal end of its Trp domain. Palmitoylation controls the exit of TrpM7 from the endoplasmic reticulum and the distribution of TrpM7 between cell surface and intracellular pools. Using the Retention Using Selective Hooks (RUSH) system, we demonstrate that palmitoylated TrpM7 traffics from the Golgi to the surface membrane whereas non-palmitoylated TrpM7 is sequestered in intracellular vesicles. We identify the Golgi-resident enzyme zDHHC17 and surface membrane-resident enzyme zDHHC5 as responsible for palmitoylating TrpM7 and find that TrpM7-mediated transmembrane calcium uptake is significantly reduced when TrpM7 is not palmitoylated. The closely related channel/kinase TrpM6 is also palmitoylated on the C terminal side of its Trp domain. Our findings demonstrate that palmitoylation controls ion channel activity of TrpM7 and that TrpM7 trafficking is dependant on its palmitoylation. We define a new mechanism for post translational modification and regulation of TrpM7 and other Trps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Chien-Wen Kuo
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Main
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Brown
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco J Rios
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Livia De Lucca Camargo
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sheon Mary
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Krzysztof Wypijewski
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Caglar Gök
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - William Fuller
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
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Cheng XY, Li SF, Chen Y, Zhao YJ, Hu W, Lu C, Zhou RP. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 and their modulators. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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TRPM7 deficiency exacerbates cardiovascular and renal damage induced by aldosterone-salt. Commun Biol 2022; 5:746. [PMID: 35882956 PMCID: PMC9325869 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03715-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperaldosteronism causes cardiovascular disease as well as hypomagnesemia. Mechanisms are ill-defined but dysregulation of TRPM7, a Mg2+-permeable channel/α-kinase, may be important. We examined the role of TRPM7 in aldosterone-dependent cardiovascular and renal injury by studying aldosterone-salt treated TRPM7-deficient (TRPM7+/Δkinase) mice. Plasma/tissue [Mg2+] and TRPM7 phosphorylation were reduced in vehicle-treated TRPM7+/Δkinase mice, effects recapitulated in aldosterone-salt-treated wild-type mice. Aldosterone-salt treatment exaggerated vascular dysfunction and amplified cardiovascular and renal fibrosis, with associated increased blood pressure in TRPM7+/Δkinase mice. Tissue expression of Mg2+-regulated phosphatases (PPM1A, PTEN) was downregulated and phosphorylation of Smad3, ERK1/2, and Stat1 was upregulated in aldosterone-salt TRPM7-deficient mice. Aldosterone-induced phosphorylation of pro-fibrotic signaling was increased in TRPM7+/Δkinase fibroblasts, effects ameliorated by Mg2+ supplementation. TRPM7 deficiency amplifies aldosterone-salt-induced cardiovascular remodeling and damage. We identify TRPM7 downregulation and associated hypomagnesemia as putative molecular mechanisms underlying deleterious cardiovascular and renal effects of hyperaldosteronism. Deficiency of the Mg2+-permeable channel/α-kinase TRPM7 in mice increases susceptibility to cardiovascular and renal fibrosis induced by aldosterone and salt.
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Kondo R, Furukawa N, Deguchi A, Kawata N, Suzuki Y, Imaizumi Y, Yamamura H. Downregulation of Ca 2+-Activated Cl - Channel TMEM16A Mediated by Angiotensin II in Cirrhotic Portal Hypertensive Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:831311. [PMID: 35370660 PMCID: PMC8966666 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.831311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Portal hypertension is defined as an increased pressure in the portal venous system and occurs as a major complication in chronic liver diseases. The pathological mechanism underlying the pathogenesis and development of portal hypertension has been extensively investigated. Vascular tone of portal vein smooth muscles (PVSMs) is regulated by the activities of several ion channels, including Ca2+-activated Cl- (ClCa) channels. TMEM16A is mainly responsible for ClCa channel conductance in vascular smooth muscle cells, including portal vein smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs). In the present study, the functional roles of TMEM16A channels were examined using two experimental portal hypertensive models, bile duct ligation (BDL) mice with cirrhotic portal hypertension and partial portal vein ligation (PPVL) mice with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Expression analyses revealed that the expression of TMEM16A was downregulated in BDL-PVSMs, but not in PPVL-PVSMs. Whole-cell ClCa currents were smaller in BDL-PVSMCs than in sham- and PPVL-PVSMCs. The amplitude of spontaneous contractions was smaller and the frequency was higher in BDL-PVSMs than in sham- and PPVL-PVSMs. Spontaneous contractions sensitive to a specific inhibitor of TMEM16A channels, T16Ainh-A01, were reduced in BDL-PVSMs. Furthermore, in normal PVSMs, the downregulation of TMEM16A expression was mimicked by the exposure to angiotensin II, but not to bilirubin. This study suggests that the activity of ClCa channels is attenuated by the downregulation of TMEM16A expression in PVSMCs associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension, which is partly mediated by increased angiotensin II in cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubii Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nami Furukawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akari Deguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawata
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuji Imaizumi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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13
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Ferreira A, Rivera A, Wohlgemuth JG, Dlott JS, Snyder LM, Alper SL, Romero JR. Dysregulated Erythroid Mg2+ Efflux in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:861644. [PMID: 35445032 PMCID: PMC9013827 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.861644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is associated with decreased Mg2+ content in red blood cells (RBC), but mechanisms remain unclear. We characterized the regulation of Mg2+ efflux by glucose in ex vivo human RBC. We observed that hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) values correlated with Na+-dependent Mg2+ efflux (Na+/Mg2+ exchange) and inversely correlated with cellular Mg content. Treatment of cells with 50 mM D-glucose, but not with sorbitol, lowered total cellular Mg (2.2 ± 0.1 to 2.0 ± 0.1 mM, p < 0.01) and enhanced Na+/Mg2+ exchange activity [0.60 ± 0.09 to 1.12 ± 0.09 mmol/1013 cell × h (flux units, FU), p < 0.05]. In contrast, incubation with selective Src family kinase inhibitors PP2 or SU6656 reduced glucose-stimulated exchange activation (p < 0.01). Na+/Mg2+ exchange activity was also higher in RBC from individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D, 1.19 ± 0.13 FU) than from non-diabetic individuals (0.58 ± 0.05 FU, p < 0.01). Increased Na+/Mg2+ exchange activity in RBC from T2D subjects was associated with lower intracellular Mg content. Similarly increased exchange activity was evident in RBC from the diabetic db/db mouse model as compared to its non-diabetic control (p < 0.03). Extracellular exposure of intact RBC from T2D subjects to recombinant peptidyl-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) reduced Na+/Mg2+ exchange activity from 0.98 ± 0.14 to 0.59 ± 0.13 FU (p < 0.05) and increased baseline intracellular Mg content (1.8 ± 0.1 mM) to normal values (2.1 ± 0.1 mM, p < 0.05). These data suggest that the reduced RBC Mg content of T2D RBC reflects enhanced RBC Na+/Mg2+ exchange subject to regulation by Src family kinases and by the N-glycosylation state of one or more membrane proteins. The data extend our understanding of dysregulated RBC Mg2+ homeostasis in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ferreira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences (CICS.NOVA), Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities (NOVA FCSH), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Alicia Rivera,
| | | | | | | | - Seth L. Alper
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jose R. Romero
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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14
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Souza Bomfim GH, Niemeyer BA, Lacruz RS, Lis A. On the Connections between TRPM Channels and SOCE. Cells 2022; 11:1190. [PMID: 35406753 PMCID: PMC8997886 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane protein channels provide a passageway for ions to access the intracellular milieu. Rapid entry of calcium ions into cells is controlled mostly by ion channels, while Ca2+-ATPases and Ca2+ exchangers ensure that cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]cyt) are maintained at low (~100 nM) concentrations. Some channels, such as the Ca2+-release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels and voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (CACNAs), are highly Ca2+-selective, while others, including the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin (TRPM) family, have broader selectivity and are mostly permeable to monovalent and divalent cations. Activation of CRAC channels involves the coupling between ORAI1-3 channels with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) located Ca2+ store sensor, Stromal Interaction Molecules 1-2 (STIM1/2), a pathway also termed store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). The TRPM family is formed by 8 members (TRPM1-8) permeable to Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+ and Na+ cations, and is activated by multiple stimuli. Recent studies indicated that SOCE and TRPM structure-function are interlinked in some instances, although the molecular details of this interaction are only emerging. Here we review the role of TRPM and SOCE in Ca2+ handling and highlight the available evidence for this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme H. Souza Bomfim
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | - Barbara A. Niemeyer
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Rodrigo S. Lacruz
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | - Annette Lis
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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15
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ter Braake AD, Vervloet MG, de Baaij JHF, Hoenderop JGJ. Magnesium to prevent kidney disease-associated vascular calcification: crystal clear? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 37:421-429. [PMID: 33374019 PMCID: PMC8875474 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a prognostic marker for cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. In these patients, magnesium balance is disturbed, mainly due to limited ultrafiltration of this mineral, changes in dietary intake and the use of diuretics. Observational studies in dialysis patients report that a higher blood magnesium concentration is associated with reduced risk to develop vascular calcification. Magnesium prevents osteogenic vascular smooth muscle cell transdifferentiation in in vitro and in vivo models. In addition, recent studies show that magnesium prevents calciprotein particle maturation, which may be the mechanism underlying the anti-calcification properties of magnesium. Magnesium is an essential protective factor in the calcification milieu, which helps to restore the mineral-buffering system that is overwhelmed by phosphate in CKD patients. The recognition that magnesium is a modifier of calciprotein particle maturation and mineralization of the extracellular matrix renders it a promising novel clinical tool to treat vascular calcification in CKD. Consequently, the optimal serum magnesium concentration for patients with CKD may be higher than in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anique D ter Braake
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc G Vervloet
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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16
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Liu M, Dudley SC. Magnesium, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E907. [PMID: 32977544 PMCID: PMC7598282 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypomagnesemia is commonly observed in heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Low serum magnesium (Mg) is a predictor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and treating Mg deficiency may help prevent cardiovascular disease. In this review, we discuss the possible mechanisms by which Mg deficiency plays detrimental roles in cardiovascular diseases and review the results of clinical trials of Mg supplementation for heart failure, arrhythmias and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Samuel C. Dudley
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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17
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Zou ZG, Rios F, Neves K, Alves-Lopes R, Ling J, Baillie G, Gao X, Fuller W, Camargo L, Gudermann T, Chubanov V, Montezano A, Touyz R. Epidermal growth factor signaling through transient receptor potential melastatin 7 cation channel regulates vascular smooth muscle cell function. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:2019-2035. [PMID: 32706027 PMCID: PMC8299307 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin 7 (TRPM7) cation channel, a dual-function ion channel/protein kinase, regulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) Mg2+ homeostasis and mitogenic signaling. Mechanisms regulating vascular growth effects of TRPM7 are unclear, but epidermal growth factor (EGF) may be important because it is a magnesiotropic hormone involved in cellular Mg2+ regulation and VSMC proliferation. Here we sought to determine whether TRPM7 is a downstream target of EGF in VSMCs and if EGF receptor (EGFR) through TRPM7 influences VSMC function. Approach and results: Studies were performed in primary culture VSMCs from rats and humans and vascular tissue from mice deficient in TRPM7 (TRPM7+/Δkinase and TRPM7R/R). EGF increased expression and phosphorylation of TRPM7 and stimulated Mg2+ influx in VSMCs, responses that were attenuated by gefitinib (EGFR inhibitor) and NS8593 (TRPM7 inhibitor). Co-immunoprecipitation (IP) studies, proximity ligation assay (PLA) and live-cell imaging demonstrated interaction of EGFR and TRPM7, which was enhanced by EGF. PP2 (c-Src inhibitor) decreased EGF-induced TRPM7 activation and prevented EGFR-TRPM7 association. EGF-stimulated migration and proliferation of VSMCs were inhibited by gefitinib, PP2, NS8593 and PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor). Phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2 was reduced in VSMCs from TRPM7+/Δkinase mice, which exhibited reduced aortic wall thickness and decreased expression of PCNA and Notch 3, findings recapitulated in TRPM7R/R mice. CONCLUSIONS We show that EGFR directly interacts with TRPM7 through c-Src-dependent processes. Functionally these phenomena regulate [Mg2+]i homeostasis, ERK1/2 signaling and VSMC function. Our findings define a novel signaling cascade linking EGF/EGFR and TRPM7, important in vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Zou
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Francisco J. Rios
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Karla B. Neves
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Rheure Alves-Lopes
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Jiayue Ling
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - George S. Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Xing Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - William Fuller
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Livia L. Camargo
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Goethestrasse 33, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Vladimir Chubanov
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Goethestrasse 33, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Augusto C. Montezano
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Rhian M. Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
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18
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Lee CT, Ng HY, Kuo WH, Tain YL, Leung FF, Lee YT. The role of TRPM7 in vascular calcification: Comparison between phosphate and uremic toxin. Life Sci 2020; 260:118280. [PMID: 32800835 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Vascular calcification is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The role of TRPM7 in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transformation during vascular calcification is not clear. We aim to investigate the effects of phosphate and indoxyl sulphate on the expression of TRPM7 and calcification-related molecules in VSMC. MAIN METHODS Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) were treated with phosphate (3.3 mM) or indoxyl sulphate (500 μM and 1000 μM). 2-APB, a channel blocker of TRPM7 was added simultaneously in blocking experiment. Cells were then examined grossly and alizarin red solution was employed for calcification assessment. Lastly, cells were harvested for gene expression and protein abundance analysis. KEY FINDINGS Phosphate treatment induced significant increase in BMP2, RUNX2, BMP7, vitamin D receptor (VDR), calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) and TRPM7, but 1-alpha hydroxylase, klotho, DKK1 and sclerostin were not changed. The addition of 2-APB prevented increase of BMP2, RUNX2, BMP7, VDR, CaSR and TRPM7. Indoxyl sulphate treatment was associated with decrease in TRPM7 and DKK1, but increase in RUNX2, BMP2 and VDR were noted. There were no significant alterations in BMP7, CaSR, klotho,1-alpha hydroxylase and sclerostin. Co-treatment with 2-APB reversed the increase in VDR. SIGNIFICANCE Both phosphate and indoxyl sulphate induced calcification in VSMC but it was more prominent in phosphate. TRPM7 was upregulated by phosphate but downregulated in indoxyl sulphate treatment. Vascular calcification was reduced by blocking TRPM7 with 2-APB and there was partial anti-calcification effect in indoxyl sulphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Hwee-Yeong Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Kuo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Foong-Fah Leung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ting Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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19
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Ando I, Karasawa K, Shioya T, Matsuda H, Tanaka A. Evaluation of stress status using the stress map for guide dog candidates in the training stage using variations in the serum cortisol with nerve growth factor and magnesium ions. Vet Anim Sci 2020; 10:100129. [PMID: 32734029 PMCID: PMC7386704 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2020.100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most studies on guide dogs for the blind were conducted to investigate the appropriateness of the animals, including in terms of their breeding, constitution, and temperament. However, research to comprehend the stress status of guide dog candidates in response to their training has been unclear. In this study, the levels of serum cortisol, nerve growth factor (NGF), and magnesium ion (Mg2+) levels of guide dog candidates during the three training stages-the elementary, intermediate, and advanced classes-were examined. Dogs were classified based on the contents of the classes and period during the training in which they were subjected. Since the dogs in the elementary class had the lowest serum NGF and Mg2+ levels, they were understood to be under mental stress and to be unfamiliar with their new surroundings. In contrast, the serum NGF and Mg2+ levels were high in the dogs in the advanced class, though they were demonstrated to be mentally stable and acclimated to their environment. Additionally, they were almost free from the stress caused by daily life, since they had the lowest serum cortisol levels. The status of each dog was plotted on a map consisting of 2 axes representing the serum NGF and Mg2+ levels with high or low cortisol levels. Plots could be divided into three domains corresponding to the elementary, intermediate, and advanced classes. Therefore, for working dogs, serum NGF and Mg2+ levels in addition to serum cortisol levels may be important factors to comprehend the type of stress situation that each dog was in.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Ando
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kaoru Karasawa
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Akane Tanaka
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Corresponding author.
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20
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Xing J, Wang M, Hong J, Gao Y, Liu Y, Gu H, Dong J, Li L. TRPM7 channel inhibition exacerbates pulmonary arterial hypertension through MEK/ERK pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:4050-4065. [PMID: 31219801 PMCID: PMC6629001 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an important mechanism of autonomous tumor suppression, while its consequence such as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) may drive tumorigenesis and age-related diseases. Therefore, controlling the cell fate optimally when encountering senescence stress is helpful for anti-cancer or anti-aging treatments. To identify genes essential for senescence establishment or maintenance, we carried out a CRISPR-based screen with a deliberately designed single-guide RNA (sgRNA) library. The library comprised of about 12,000 kinds of sgRNAs targeting 1378 senescence-associated genes selected by integrating the information of literature mining, protein-protein interaction network, and differential gene expression. We successfully detected a dozen gene deficiencies potentially causing senescence bypass, and their phenotypes were further validated with a high true positive rate. RNA-seq analysis showed distinct transcriptome patterns of these bypass cells. Interestingly, in the bypass cells, the expression of SASP genes was maintained or elevated with CHEK2, HAS1, or MDK deficiency; but neutralized with MTOR, CRISPLD2, or MORF4L1 deficiency. Pathways of some age-related neurodegenerative disorders were also downregulated with MTOR, CRISPLD2, or MORF4L1 deficiency. The results demonstrated that disturbing these genes could lead to distinct cell fates as a consequence of senescence bypass, suggesting that they may play essential roles in cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Xing
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin Hong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yueqiao Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuzhou Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Heping Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianzeng Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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21
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Numata T, Sato-Numata K, Okada Y. TRPM7 is involved in acid-induced necrotic cell death in a manner sensitive to progesterone in human cervical cancer cells. Physiol Rep 2020; 7:e14157. [PMID: 31293101 PMCID: PMC6640595 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Because intravaginal pH is strongly acidic, it is important to investigate the effects of acidosis on cervical cancer cells. Recently, in response to strong acidosis, human cervical cancer HeLa cells were shown to exhibit necrosis after showing persistent cell swelling induced by Cl− influx. Since cation influx should be accompanied with Cl− influx to drive water inflow causing cell swelling, we here studied on the nature of acidotoxic cation conductance. The mRNA/protein expression was assessed by RT‐PCR and Western blotting. Ionic currents were measured by patch‐clamping techniques. Cell counting/viability and colorimetric assays were applied to assess proliferation rate and caspase 3/7 activity, respectively. Cell volume and size were measured by electronic sizing and video‐microscopic measurements, respectively. Acid exposure enhanced TRPM7 activity endogenously expressed in HeLa cells and exogenously overexpressed in HEK293T cells. Gene silencing of TRPM7 abolished acid‐induced cell swelling and necrosis but rather induced activation of apoptotic caspase 3/7 in HeLa cells. Overexpression with the pore charge‐neutralizing D1054A mutant suppressed acid‐enhanced cation currents, acid‐induced cell swelling, and acidotoxic necrosis in HEK293T cells. Progesterone treatment was surprisingly found to suppress molecular and functional expression of TRPM7 and cell proliferation in HeLa cells. Furthermore, in the progesterone‐treated cells, acid exposure did not induce persistent cell swelling followed by necrosis but induced persistent cell shrinkage and apoptotic cell death. These results indicate that in the human cervical cancer cells, TRPM7 is essentially involved in acidotoxic necrotic cell death, and progesterone inhibits TRPM7 expression thereby inhibiting acidotoxic necrosis by switching to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Numata
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yasunobu Okada
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Cell Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
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22
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Lee S, Lee S, Lee A, Sim HJ, Kim GA, Kang BJ, Kim WH. The Presence and Distribution of TRPM7 in the Canine Mammary Glands. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030466. [PMID: 32168794 PMCID: PMC7142925 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential melastatin-subfamily member 7 (TRPM7) cation channel is a bifunctional ion channel with intrinsic kinase activity and is ubiquitously expressed in the animal/human body. Accumulated knowledge of TRPM7 suggests that it plays an essential role in normal physiological processes, including the development, survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration of cells. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence and expression patterns of TRPM7 in normal canine mammary glands using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Normal mammary gland tissue samples were obtained from five female beagle dogs. RT-PCR and sequencing of the amplified PCR products demonstrated the presence of TRPM7 mRNA in normal mammary glands, and the presence of TRPM7 protein was confirmed by Western blotting. Immunohistochemical investigations demonstrated the expression of TRPM7 in the apical membrane of acinar and ductal epithelial cells in the canine mammary glands. These results provide the first evidence of the presence and distribution of TRPM7 in the canine mammary gland and could help explain the physiological and pathological roles of TRPM7 in the canine mammary gland; however, additional studies are required to elucidate these roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungin Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.L.); (S.L.); (H.J.S.); (G.A.K.); (B.-J.K.)
| | - Seulji Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.L.); (S.L.); (H.J.S.); (G.A.K.); (B.-J.K.)
| | - Aeri Lee
- Seeu Animal Medical Center, 24, Ichon-ro 64 gil, Younsan-gu, Seoul 04427, Korea;
| | - Hun Ju Sim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.L.); (S.L.); (H.J.S.); (G.A.K.); (B.-J.K.)
| | - Geon A. Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.L.); (S.L.); (H.J.S.); (G.A.K.); (B.-J.K.)
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.L.); (S.L.); (H.J.S.); (G.A.K.); (B.-J.K.)
| | - Wan Hee Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.L.); (S.L.); (H.J.S.); (G.A.K.); (B.-J.K.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Zhu D, You J, Zhao N, Xu H. Magnesium Regulates Endothelial Barrier Functions through TRPM7, MagT1, and S1P1. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901166. [PMID: 31559137 PMCID: PMC6755513 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mg2+-deficiency is linked to hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, migraine headaches, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, etc., but its exact role in these pathophysiological conditions remains elusive. Mg2+ can regulate vascular functions, yet the mechanistic insight remains ill-defined. Data show that extracellular Mg2+ enters endothelium mainly through the TRPM7 channel and MagT1 transporter. Mg2+ can act as an antagonist to reduce Ca2+ signaling in endothelium. Mg2+ also reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and inflammation. In addition, Mg2+-signaling increases endothelial survival and growth, adhesion, and migration. Endothelial barrier integrity is significantly enhanced with Mg2+-treatment through S1P1-Rac1 pathways and barrier-stabilizing mediators including cAMP, FGF1/2, and eNOS. Mg2+ also promotes cytoskeletal reorganization and junction proteins to tighten up the barrier. Moreover, Mg2+-deficiency enhances endothelial barrier permeability in mice, and Mg2+-treatment rescues histamine-induced transient vessel hyper-permeability in vivo. In summary, Mg2+-deficiency can cause deleterious effects in endothelium integrity, and Mg2+-treatment may be effective in the prevention or treatment of vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Zhu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Engineering‐Driven MedicineCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesRenaissance School of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY11794USA
| | - Jing You
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of North TexasDentonTX76207USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringPennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA16802USA
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCA92037USA
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24
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Zou ZG, Rios FJ, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. TRPM7, Magnesium, and Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1877. [PMID: 30995736 PMCID: PMC6515203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential melastatin-subfamily member 7 (TRPM7) is a ubiquitously expressed chanzyme that possesses an ion channel permeable to the divalent cations Mg2+, Ca2+, and Zn2+, and an α-kinase that phosphorylates downstream substrates. TRPM7 and its homologue TRPM6 have been implicated in a variety of cellular functions and is critically associated with intracellular signaling, including receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-mediated pathways. Emerging evidence indicates that growth factors, such as EGF and VEGF, signal through their RTKs, which regulate activity of TRPM6 and TRPM7. TRPM6 is primarily an epithelial-associated channel, while TRPM7 is more ubiquitous. In this review we focus on TRPM7 and its association with growth factors, RTKs, and downstream kinase signaling. We also highlight how interplay between TRPM7, Mg2+ and signaling kinases influences cell function in physiological and pathological conditions, such as cancer and preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Zou
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
| | - Francisco J Rios
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
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25
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Hossain MZ, Bakri MM, Yahya F, Ando H, Unno S, Kitagawa J. The Role of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels in the Transduction of Dental Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030526. [PMID: 30691193 PMCID: PMC6387147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pain is a common health problem that negatively impacts the activities of daily living. Dentine hypersensitivity and pulpitis-associated pain are among the most common types of dental pain. Patients with these conditions feel pain upon exposure of the affected tooth to various external stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying dental pain, especially the transduction of external stimuli to electrical signals in the nerve, remain unclear. Numerous ion channels and receptors localized in the dental primary afferent neurons (DPAs) and odontoblasts have been implicated in the transduction of dental pain, and functional expression of various polymodal transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has been detected in DPAs and odontoblasts. External stimuli-induced dentinal tubular fluid movement can activate TRP channels on DPAs and odontoblasts. The odontoblasts can in turn activate the DPAs by paracrine signaling through ATP and glutamate release. In pulpitis, inflammatory mediators may sensitize the DPAs. They could also induce post-translational modifications of TRP channels, increase trafficking of these channels to nerve terminals, and increase the sensitivity of these channels to stimuli. Additionally, in caries-induced pulpitis, bacterial products can directly activate TRP channels on DPAs. In this review, we provide an overview of the TRP channels expressed in the various tooth structures, and we discuss their involvement in the development of dental pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zakir Hossain
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Farhana Yahya
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Hiroshi Ando
- Department of Biology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara, Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Shumpei Unno
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Junichi Kitagawa
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
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26
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Lambert M, Capuano V, Olschewski A, Sabourin J, Nagaraj C, Girerd B, Weatherald J, Humbert M, Antigny F. Ion Channels in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Therapeutic Interest? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103162. [PMID: 30322215 PMCID: PMC6214085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a multifactorial and severe disease without curative therapies. PAH pathobiology involves altered pulmonary arterial tone, endothelial dysfunction, distal pulmonary vessel remodeling, and inflammation, which could all depend on ion channel activities (K⁺, Ca2+, Na⁺ and Cl-). This review focuses on ion channels in the pulmonary vasculature and discusses their pathophysiological contribution to PAH as well as their therapeutic potential in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lambert
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Véronique Capuano
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, Graz 8010, Austria.
- Department of Physiology, Medical University Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Jessica Sabourin
- Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, UMRS 1180, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Barbara Girerd
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Jason Weatherald
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T1Y 6J4, Canada.
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T1Y 6J4, Canada.
| | - Marc Humbert
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
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27
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Huang N, Chen Y. Magnesium ion leachables induce a conversion of contractile vascular smooth muscle cells to an inflammatory phenotype. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:988-1001. [PMID: 30270501 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenotype switching is a characteristic response of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) to the dynamic microenvironment and contributes to all stages of atherosclerotic plaque. Here, we immersed pure magnesium and AZ31 alloy in the completed medium under cell culture condition, applied the resultant leaching extracts to the isolated contractile rat aortic vSMCs and investigated how vSMCs phenotypically responded to the degradation of the magnesium-based stent materials. vSMCs became more proliferative and migratory but underwent more apoptosis when exposed to the degradation products of pure magnesium; while the AZ31 extracts caused less cell division but more apoptosis, thus slowing cell moving and growing. Noticeably, both leaching extracts dramatically downregulated the contractile phenotypic genes at mRNA and protein levels while significantly induced the inflammatory adhesive molecules and cytokines. Exogenously added Mg ions excited similar transformations of vSMCs. With the liberation or supplementation of Mg2+ , the expression patterns of the pro-contractile transactivator myocardin and the pro-inflammatory transcriptional factor kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) were reversed. Overall, the degradation of the Mg-based materials would evoke a shift of the contractile vSMCs to an inflammatory phenotype via releasing Mg ions to induce a transition from the phenotypic control of vSMCs by the myocardin to that by the KLF4. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 988-1001, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
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28
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Nadolni W, Zierler S. The Channel-Kinase TRPM7 as Novel Regulator of Immune System Homeostasis. Cells 2018; 7:cells7080109. [PMID: 30126133 PMCID: PMC6115979 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme-coupled transient receptor potential channel subfamily M member 7, TRPM7, has been associated with immunity and immune cell signalling. Here, we review the role of this remarkable signalling protein in lymphocyte proliferation, differentiation, activation and survival. We also discuss its role in mast cell, neutrophil and macrophage function and highlight the potential of TRPM7 to regulate immune system homeostasis. Further, we shed light on how the cellular signalling cascades involving TRPM7 channel and/or kinase activity culminate in pathologies as diverse as allergic hypersensitivity, arterial thrombosis and graft versus host disease (GVHD), stressing the need for TRPM7 specific pharmacological modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Nadolni
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Goethestr. 33, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Susanna Zierler
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Goethestr. 33, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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29
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Abumaria N, Li W, Liu Y. TRPM7 functions in non-neuronal and neuronal systems: Perspectives on its role in the adult brain. Behav Brain Res 2018; 340:81-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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30
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Ter Braake AD, Tinnemans PT, Shanahan CM, Hoenderop JGJ, de Baaij JHF. Magnesium prevents vascular calcification in vitro by inhibition of hydroxyapatite crystal formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2069. [PMID: 29391410 PMCID: PMC5794996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20241-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium has been shown to effectively prevent vascular calcification associated with chronic kidney disease. Magnesium has been hypothesized to prevent the upregulation of osteoblastic genes that potentially drives calcification. However, extracellular effects of magnesium on hydroxyapatite formation are largely neglected. This study investigated the effects of magnesium on intracellular changes associated with transdifferentiation and extracellular crystal formation. Bovine vascular smooth muscle cells were calcified using β-glycerophosphate. Transcriptional analysis, alkaline phosphatase activity and detection of apoptosis were used to identify transdifferentiation. Using X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy extracellular crystal composition was investigated. Magnesium prevented calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells. β-glycerophosphate increased expression of osteopontin but no other genes related to calcification. Alkaline phosphatase activity was stable and apoptosis was only detected after calcification independent of magnesium. Blocking of the magnesium channel TRPM7 using 2-APB did not abrogate the protective effects of magnesium. Magnesium prevented the formation of hydroxyapatite, which formed extensively during β-glycerophosphate treatment. Magnesium reduced calcium and phosphate fractions of 68% and 41% extracellular crystals, respectively, without affecting the fraction of magnesium. This study demonstrates that magnesium inhibits hydroxyapatite formation in the extracellular space, thereby preventing calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anique D Ter Braake
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul T Tinnemans
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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31
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Magnesium Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Regulates Amyloid-β Transcytosis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7118-7131. [PMID: 29383689 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0896-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Poor Mg status is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we provided the first evidence that elevated Mg levels significantly reduced the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and regulated its function in vitro. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) and magnesium transporter subtype 1 (MagT1) were two major cellular receptors mediating entry of extracellular Mg2+ into the cells. Elevated Mg levels also induced an accelerated clearance of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) from the brain to the blood side via BBB transcytosis through low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) and phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein (PICALM), while reduced the influx of Aβ from the blood to the brain side involving receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and caveolae. Mg enhanced BBB barrier properties and overall expression of LRP1 and PICALM whereas reduced that of RAGE and caveolin-1. Apical-to-basolateral and vice versa steady-state Aβ flux achieved an equilibrium of 18 and 0.27 fmol/min/cm2, respectively, about 30 min after the initial addition of physiological levels of free Aβ. Knockdown of caveolin-1 or disruption of caveolae membrane microdomains reduced RAGE-mediated influx significantly, but not LRP1-mediated efflux of Aβ. Stimulating endothelial cells with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) enhanced caveolin-1 phosphorylation and RAGE expression. Co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that RAGE, but not LRP1, was physically associated with caveolin-1. Thus, Mg can reduce BBB permeability and promote BBB clearance of Aβ from the brain by increasing the expression of LRP1 and PICALM while reducing the level of RAGE and caveolin-1.
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32
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Ando I, Karasawa K, Yokota S, Shioya T, Matsuda H, Tanaka A. Analysis of serum magnesium ions in dogs exposed to external stress: A pilot study. Open Vet J 2017; 7:367-374. [PMID: 29392116 PMCID: PMC5768924 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v7i4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium ions (Mg2+) are essential for various enzymatic reactions in the body associated with energy production and activation of the muscles and nerves. Mg2+ is also involved in blood pressure regulation, maintenance of body temperature, and glucose metabolism. Although various factors including foods and physical conditions have been reported to change serum Mg2+ status in humans, serum Mg2+ in dogs exposed to external stress has been unclear. In this study, we examined serum levels of Mg2+ in dogs at different conditions using the guide dog candidates for the blind. Serum Mg2+ was decreased in winter and increased in summer. Guide dog candidates in an elementary class of the training showed markedly lower levels of serum Mg2+, compared with that of dogs in an advanced class. When healthy adult dogs were subjected to forced exercise using a treadmill, a significant reduction in serum Mg2+ levels was observed, particularly in winter. These findings suggest that serum levels of Mg2+ may be influenced by weather fluctuation such as air temperature, nervousness in unaccustomed situations, age, and physical stress induced by exercise. The results indicate that Mg2+ supplementation should be considered for working dogs, dogs moving or traveling to a new environment, and dogs during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Ando
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kaoru Karasawa
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Akane Tanaka
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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33
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Ion channel functional protein kinase TRPM7 regulates Mg ions to promote the osteoinduction of human osteoblast via PI3K pathway: In vitro simulation of the bone-repairing effect of Mg-based alloy implant. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:369-382. [PMID: 28882757 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mg-based alloys, as the potential orthopaedic implant, can self-degrade to avoid second operation for its remove, and enable to promote bone repair; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we examined the effect of Mg ions on osteogenesis, chemotaxis and anti-alkaline stress in hFOB1.19 human osteoblast cells to simulate bone-repairing effect of a biodegradable Mg-based alloy implant in vitro, and explored the regulatory role of the transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway in the process of Mg ion-induced bone repair by knockdown of TRPM7 and antagonizing PI3K activity. Results indicate that Mg ions up-regulated the expression of Runx2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) through TRPM7/PI3K signalling pathway, which could significantly enhance the osteogenic activity of human osteoblasts. Furthermore, the expression levels of MMP2, MMP9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were increased by TRPM7/PI3K signalling pathway, which recruits osteoblasts from low- to high-Mg ion environments by inducing cell migration. Although an alkaline environment has antibacterial effects, alkaline stress can cause cytotoxicity and induce cell death. Finally, we found that Mg ions could activate PI3K phosphorylation to promote cell growth and survival, protecting cells against the alkaline-stress-induced cytotoxicity caused by the degradation of Mg-based alloy implants. Our study not only revealed the molecular mechanism of Mg in promoting bone repair but also explained the protective effects of Mg ions on osteoblasts in an alkaline environment, which provides a theoretical basis and new directions for the application of Mg-based alloy implant material in orthopaedics fixations and osteosarcoma treatment. STATEMENTS OF SIGNIFICANCE As a potential biomaterial for orthopaedic implant, biodegradable magnesium has several advantages including self-degradation and bone repair promotion; however, the underlying mechanisms and effective concentration by which molecular regulates the bone repair remain unclear. The present study revealed that Mg ion and its effective concentration for activating PI3K phosphorylation via TRPM7, which causes three processes affecting bone repair, namely, osteoblast recruitment, osteogenesis and resistance to alkaline stress in human osteoblast. Therefore, our results have provided insight into the underlying molecular biological basis, and guidance for manipulating degradation rate, such as surface modification, of orthopaedic Mg-based implants.
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Yang M, Fang J, Liu Q, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Role of ROS-TRPM7-ERK1/2 axis in high concentration glucose-mediated proliferation and phenotype switching of rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 494:526-533. [PMID: 29079194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the change of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 (TRPM7) expression in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (RAoSMCs) treated with a high concentration of d-glucose (HG) and its role in promoting the proliferative phenotype of RAoSMCs. Chronic exposure to HG increased TRPM7 protein expression and TRPM7 whole-cell currents in RAoSMCs. By contrast, RAoSMC exposure to high concentration of l-glucose and mannital exhibited no such effect. Mechanistically, HG treatment elevated TRPM7 expression by increasing oxidative stress. Data also demonstrated that HG significantly promoted RAoSMC proliferation. In addition, as indicated by the changes of the expression of VSMC differentiation marker molecules, phenotype switching of RAoSMCs occurred during exposing to HG. TRPM7 knockdown partially blocked the HG effect on phenotype switching and RAoSMC proliferation. This phenomenon was achieved through inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)-ERK signaling pathway. These observations suggest that reactive oxygen species-TRPM7-ERK1/2 axis plays an important role in hyperglycemia-induced development of the proliferative phenotype in RAoSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Yang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Jing Fang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Qingan Liu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Zhuobo Zhang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
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Zhang K, Zhang Y, Feng W, Chen R, Chen J, Touyz RM, Wang J, Huang H. Interleukin-18 Enhances Vascular Calcification and Osteogenic Differentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Through TRPM7 Activation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1933-1943. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
| | - Weijing Feng
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
| | - Renhua Chen
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
| | - Jie Chen
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
| | - Rhian M. Touyz
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
| | - Hui Huang
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.W., H.H.) and Department of Radiation Oncology (J.C.), Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (K.Z., Y.Z., W.F., R.C., J.C., J.W., H.H.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Glasgow
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Ter Braake AD, Shanahan CM, de Baaij JHF. Magnesium Counteracts Vascular Calcification: Passive Interference or Active Modulation? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1431-1445. [PMID: 28663256 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, an increasing number of studies report a close relationship between serum magnesium concentration and cardiovascular disease risk in the general population. In end-stage renal disease, an association was found between serum magnesium and survival. Hypomagnesemia was identified as a strong predictor for cardiovascular disease in these patients. A substantial body of in vitro and in vivo studies has identified a protective role for magnesium in vascular calcification. However, the precise mechanisms and its contribution to cardiovascular protection remain unclear. There are currently 2 leading hypotheses: first, magnesium may bind phosphate and delay calcium phosphate crystal growth in the circulation, thereby passively interfering with calcium phosphate deposition in the vessel wall. Second, magnesium may regulate vascular smooth muscle cell transdifferentiation toward an osteogenic phenotype by active cellular modulation of factors associated with calcification. Here, the data supporting these major hypotheses are reviewed. The literature supports both a passive inorganic phosphate-buffering role reducing hydroxyapatite formation and an active cell-mediated role, directly targeting vascular smooth muscle transdifferentiation. However, current evidence relies on basic experimental designs that are often insufficient to delineate the underlying mechanisms. The field requires more advanced experimental design, including determination of intracellular magnesium concentrations and the identification of the molecular players that regulate magnesium concentrations in vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anique D Ter Braake
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (A.D.t.B., J.H.F.d.B.); Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom (C.M.S.); and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (J.H.F.d.B.)
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (A.D.t.B., J.H.F.d.B.); Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom (C.M.S.); and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (J.H.F.d.B.)
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (A.D.t.B., J.H.F.d.B.); Cardiovascular Division, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom (C.M.S.); and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (J.H.F.d.B.).
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TRPM8 downregulation by angiotensin II in vascular smooth muscle cells is involved in hypertension. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1900-1908. [PMID: 28138709 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced injury of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) serves an important role in hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a thermally‑regulated Ca2+‑permeable channel that is activated by reduced body temperature. Although several recent studies have revealed the regulatory effect of TRPM8 in vascular tone and hypertension, the precise role of TRPM8 in dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by Ang II remains elusive. In the present study, the possible function of TRPM8 in Ang II‑induced VSMCs malfunction in vivo and in vitro was investigated. In the aortae from rats that had undergone a two‑kidney one‑clip operation, which is a widely‑used renovascular hypertension model, the mRNA and protein levels of TRPM8 were reduced. In addition, exogenous Ang II treatment decreased TRPM8 mRNA and protein expression levels in primary cultures of rat VSMCs. TRPM8 activation by menthol, a pharmacological agonist, in VSMCs, significantly attenuated the Ang II‑induced increase in reactive oxygen species and H2O2 production. In addition, TRPM8 activation reduced the Ang II‑induced upregulation of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 and NOX4 in VSMCs. Furthermore, TRPM8 activation relieved the Ang II‑induced activation of ras homolog gene family, member A‑rho associated protein kinase 2 and janus kinase 2 signaling pathways in VSMCs. In conclusion, the results presented in the current study indicated that TRPM8 downregulation by Ang II in VSMCs may be involved in hypertension.
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Ghosh D, Syed AU, Prada MP, Nystoriak MA, Santana LF, Nieves-Cintrón M, Navedo MF. Calcium Channels in Vascular Smooth Muscle. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 78:49-87. [PMID: 28212803 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a central role in excitation, contraction, transcription, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMs). Precise regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is crucial for proper physiological VSM function. Studies over the last several decades have revealed that VSMs express a variety of Ca2+-permeable channels that orchestrate a dynamic, yet finely tuned regulation of [Ca2+]i. In this review, we discuss the major Ca2+-permeable channels expressed in VSM and their contribution to vascular physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ghosh
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - A U Syed
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - M P Prada
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - M A Nystoriak
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - L F Santana
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - M F Navedo
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
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Kim BJ, Hong C. Role of transient receptor potential melastatin type 7 channel in gastric cancer. Integr Med Res 2016; 5:124-130. [PMID: 28462107 PMCID: PMC5381434 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are a family of ion channels, which are responsible for a wide array of cellular functions. In particular, TRP melastatin type (TRPM) 7 is expressed everywhere and permeable to divalent cations such as Mg2+ and Ca2+. It contains a channel and a kinase domain. Recent studies indicate that activation of TRPM7 plays an important role in the growth and survival of gastric cancer cells. In this review, we describe and discuss the findings of recent studies that have provided novel insights of the relation between TRPM7 and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chansik Hong
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Antunes TT, Callera GE, He Y, Yogi A, Ryazanov AG, Ryazanova LV, Zhai A, Stewart DJ, Shrier A, Touyz RM. Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 Cation Channel Kinase: New Player in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension. Hypertension 2016; 67:763-73. [PMID: 26928801 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.07021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is a bifunctional protein comprising a magnesium (Mg(2+))/cation channel and a kinase domain. We previously demonstrated that vasoactive agents regulate vascular TRPM7. Whether TRPM7 plays a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension and associated cardiovascular dysfunction is unknown. We studied TRPM7 kinase-deficient mice (TRPM7Δkinase; heterozygous for TRPM7 kinase) and wild-type (WT) mice infused with angiotensin II (Ang II; 400 ng/kg per minute, 4 weeks). TRPM7 kinase expression was lower in heart and aorta from TRPM7Δkinase versus WT mice, effects that were further reduced by Ang II infusion. Plasma Mg(2+) was lower in TRPM7Δkinase versus WT mice in basal and stimulated conditions. Ang II increased blood pressure in both strains with exaggerated responses in TRPM7Δkinase versus WT groups (P<0.05). Acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation was reduced in Ang II-infused TRPM7Δkinase mice, an effect associated with Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase downregulation. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression was increased in Ang II-infused TRPM7 kinase-deficient mice. TRPM7 kinase targets, calpain, and annexin-1, were activated by Ang II in WT but not in TRPM7Δkinase mice. Echocardiographic and histopathologic analysis demonstrated cardiac hypertrophy and left ventricular dysfunction in Ang II-treated groups. In TRPM7 kinase-deficient mice, Ang II-induced cardiac functional and structural effects were amplified compared with WT counterparts. Our data demonstrate that in TRPM7Δkinase mice, Ang II-induced hypertension is exaggerated, cardiac remodeling and left ventricular dysfunction are amplified, and endothelial function is impaired. These processes are associated with hypomagnesemia, blunted TRPM7 kinase expression/signaling, endothelial nitric oxide synthase downregulation, and proinflammatory vascular responses. Our findings identify TRPM7 kinase as a novel player in Ang II-induced hypertension and associated vascular and target organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayze T Antunes
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Glaucia E Callera
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Ying He
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Alvaro Yogi
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Alexey G Ryazanov
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Lillia V Ryazanova
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Alexander Zhai
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Alvin Shrier
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.)
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- From the Kidney Research Centre (T.T.A., G.E.C., Y.H., A.Y., R.M.T.) and Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Program (A.Z., D.J.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ (A.G.R., L.V.R.); Department of Physiology and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (A.S.); and BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.).
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although magnesium is important in the biology of blood pressure regulation, little clinical data exist on the association of hypermagnesemia and blood pressure. METHOD We examined the association of hypermagnesemia and SBP in a cross-sectional study of 10 521 ICU patients from a single tertiary care medical center, 6% of whom had a serum magnesium above 2.6 mg/dl at time of admission. RESULTS In a multivariable analysis, hypermagnesemia was associated with SBP 6.2 mmHg lower [95% confidence interval (CI) -8.2, -4.2, P < 0.001] than in patients with admission values of serum magnesium 2.6 mg/dl or less. Each mg/dl increase in serum magnesium was associated with a decrease in SBP of 4.3 mmHg (95% CI -5.5, -3.1, P < 0.001). In addition, hypermagnesemic patients had a 2.48-fold greater likelihood (95% CI 2.06, 3.00, P < 0.001) of receiving intravenous vasopressors during the first 24 h of ICU care, independent of admission SBP. CONCLUSION Our findings add support to the biologic importance of magnesium regulation in blood pressure control.
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Herencia C, Rodríguez-Ortiz ME, Muñoz-Castañeda JR, Martinez-Moreno JM, Canalejo R, Montes de Oca A, Díaz-Tocados JM, Peralbo-Santaella E, Marín C, Canalejo A, Rodriguez M, Almaden Y. Angiotensin II prevents calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells by enhancing magnesium influx. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:1129-44. [PMID: 26268950 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification (VC) is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Low magnesium levels are associated with VC, and recent in vitro studies confirm a protective role of magnesium, which is mediated by its entry into the VSMCs through the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channel. The role of Angiotensin II (Ang II) on VC is still unclear. As Ang II is able to stimulate TRPM7 activity, we hypothesize that it might prevent VC. Thus, the aim of this study was to dissect the direct effect of Ang II on VC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We worked with a model of high phosphate (HP)-induced calcification in human aortic smooth muscle cells, which resembles the CKD-related VC. RESULTS Addition of Ang II to cells growing in HP decreased calcification, which was associated with the upregulation of the osteogenic factors BMP2, Runx2/Cbfa1, Osterix and ALP. A reduction of magnesium entry into the HP-calcifying cells was found. The treatment with Ang II avoided this reduction, which was reversed by the cotreatment with the TRPM7-inhibitor 2-APB. The protective effect of Ang II was related to AT1R-induced ERK1/2 MAPKinase activation. HP-induced calcification was also associated with the upregulation of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, while its downregulation was related to attenuation of calcification by Ang II. CONCLUSION As hypothesized, Ang II prevented phosphate-induced calcification in VSMCs, which appears mediated by the increase of magnesium influx and by the activation of the ERK1/2 and the inhibition of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Herencia
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Juan R Muñoz-Castañeda
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julio Manuel Martinez-Moreno
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rocío Canalejo
- Department of Environmental Biology and Public Health, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Addy Montes de Oca
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Díaz-Tocados
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Esther Peralbo-Santaella
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Marín
- Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Canalejo
- Department of Environmental Biology and Public Health, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Mariano Rodriguez
- REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
- Nefrology Service, Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Yolanda Almaden
- Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain
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Mori Y, Takahashi N, Polat OK, Kurokawa T, Takeda N, Inoue M. Redox-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in oxygen sensing and adaptation. Pflugers Arch 2015; 468:85-97. [PMID: 26149285 PMCID: PMC4700073 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of ion channels is central to the mechanisms that underlie immediate acute physiological responses to changes in the availability of molecular oxygen (O2). A group of cation-permeable channels that are formed by transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins have been characterized as exquisite sensors of redox reactive species and as efficient actuators of electric/ionic signals in vivo. In this review, we first discuss how redox-sensitive TRP channels such as TRPA1 have recently emerged as sensors of the relatively inert oxidant O2. With regard to the physiological significance of O2 sensor TRP channels, vagal TRPA1 channels are mainly discussed with respect to their role in respiratory regulation in comparison with canonical pathways in glomus cells of the carotid body, which is a well-established O2-sensing organ. TRPM7 channels are discussed regarding hypoxia-sensing function in ischemic cell death. Also, ubiquitous expression of TRPA1 and TRPM7 together with their physiological relevance in the body is examined. Finally, based upon these studies on TRP channels, we propose a hypothesis of “O2 remodeling.” The hypothesis is that cells detect deviation of O2 availability from appropriate levels via sensors and adjust local O2 environments in vivo by controlling supply and consumption of O2 via pathways comprising cellular signals and transcription factors downstream of sensors, which consequently optimize physiological functions. This new insight into O2 adaptation through ion channels, particularly TRPs, may foster a paradigm shift in our understanding in the biological significance of O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
- Laboratory of Environmental Systems Biology, Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Nobuaki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Onur Kerem Polat
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kurokawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-8511, Japan
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Inhibition of TRPM7 Attenuates Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Induced by Angiotensin II. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 66:16-24. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Earley S, Brayden JE. Transient receptor potential channels in the vasculature. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:645-90. [PMID: 25834234 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00026.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian genome encodes 28 distinct members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily of cation channels, which exhibit varying degrees of selectivity for different ionic species. Multiple TRP channels are present in all cells and are involved in diverse aspects of cellular function, including sensory perception and signal transduction. Notably, TRP channels are involved in regulating vascular function and pathophysiology, the focus of this review. TRP channels in vascular smooth muscle cells participate in regulating contractility and proliferation, whereas endothelial TRP channel activity is an important contributor to endothelium-dependent vasodilation, vascular wall permeability, and angiogenesis. TRP channels are also present in perivascular sensory neurons and astrocytic endfeet proximal to cerebral arterioles, where they participate in the regulation of vascular tone. Almost all of these functions are mediated by changes in global intracellular Ca(2+) levels or subcellular Ca(2+) signaling events. In addition to directly mediating Ca(2+) entry, TRP channels influence intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics through membrane depolarization associated with the influx of cations or through receptor- or store-operated mechanisms. Dysregulation of TRP channels is associated with vascular-related pathologies, including hypertension, neointimal injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, pulmonary edema, and neurogenic inflammation. In this review, we briefly consider general aspects of TRP channel biology and provide an in-depth discussion of the functions of TRP channels in vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and perivascular cells under normal and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada; and Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Joseph E Brayden
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada; and Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
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46
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Lee HJ, Kim MC, Lim B, Kim BJ. Buxus Microphylla var. Koreana Nakai Extract for the Treatment of Gastric Cancer. J Pharmacopuncture 2015; 16:39-45. [PMID: 25780674 PMCID: PMC4331968 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2013.16.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Buxus Microphylla var. Koreana Nakai Extract (BMKNE) is used as a folk remedy for malaria and veneral disease. In the present study, we investigated the effects of BMKNE in the growth and the survival of AGS cells, the most common human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. Methods: The AGS cells were treated with varying concentrations of BMKNE. Analyses of the sub G1 peak, the caspase-3 and -9 activities, and the mitochondrial depolarization were conducted to determine whether AGS cell death occured by apoptosis. Also, to identify the role of transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) 7 channels in AGS cell growth and survival, we used human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells overexpressed with TRPM7 channels. Results: Experimental results showed that the sub G1 peak, the caspase-3 and -9 activities, and the mitochondrial depolarization were increased. Therefore, BMKNE was found to induce the apoptosis of these cells, and this apoptosis was inhibited by SB203580 (a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor), and by a c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) II inhibitor. Furthermore, BMKNE inhibited TRPM7 currents and TRPM7 channel over-expressions in HEK 293 cells, exacerbating BMKNE-induced cell death. Conclusions: These findings indicate that BMKNE inhibits the growth and the survival of gastric cancer cells due to a blockade of the TRPM7 channel’s activity and MAPK signaling. Therefore, BMKNE is a potential drug for treatment of gastric cancer, and both the TRPM7 channel and MAPK signaling may play an important role in survival in gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jung Lee
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Min Chul Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Bora Lim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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47
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Lim B, Lee HJ, Kim MC, Kim BJ. Effects of Ulmi Pumilae Cortex on AGS Gastric Cancer Cells. J Pharmacopuncture 2015; 16:55-61. [PMID: 25780669 PMCID: PMC4331962 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2013.16.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ulmi Pumilae Cortex(UPC) is a deciduous tree with uneven pinnate leaves and is classified as a subfamily of Ulmuceae and contains many pharmacologically active constituents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of UPC on the growth and survival of AGS cells, the most common human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. METHODS The AGS cells were treated with varying concentrations of UPC. Analyses of the sub G1, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial depolarization were conducted to determine whether AGS cell death occured by apoptosis. Furthermore, to identify the role of the transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) 7 channels in AGS cell growth and survival, we used human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells overexpressed with TRPM7 channels. RESULTS The addition of UPC to a culture medium inhibited AGS cell growth and survival. Experimental results showed that the sub G1, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial depolarization were increased. Furthermore, TRPM7 channel overexpression in HEK 293 cells exacerbated UPC-induced cell death. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that UPC inhibits the growth and survival of gastric cancer cells due to a blockade of the TRPM7 channel activity. Therefore, UPC is a potential drug for treatment of gastric cancer, and TRPM7 channels may play an important role in survival in cases of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Lim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Lee
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Min Chul Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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48
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Yue Z, Xie J, Yu AS, Stock J, Du J, Yue L. Role of TRP channels in the cardiovascular system. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H157-82. [PMID: 25416190 PMCID: PMC4312948 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00457.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily consists of a large number of nonselective cation channels with variable degree of Ca(2+)-permeability. The 28 mammalian TRP channel proteins can be grouped into six subfamilies: canonical, vanilloid, melastatin, ankyrin, polycystic, and mucolipin TRPs. The majority of these TRP channels are expressed in different cell types including both excitable and nonexcitable cells of the cardiovascular system. Unlike voltage-gated ion channels, TRP channels do not have a typical voltage sensor, but instead can sense a variety of other stimuli including pressure, shear stress, mechanical stretch, oxidative stress, lipid environment alterations, hypertrophic signals, and inflammation products. By integrating multiple stimuli and transducing their activity to downstream cellular signal pathways via Ca(2+) entry and/or membrane depolarization, TRP channels play an essential role in regulating fundamental cell functions such as contraction, relaxation, proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. With the use of targeted deletion and transgenic mouse models, recent studies have revealed that TRP channels are involved in numerous cellular functions and play an important role in the pathophysiology of many diseases in the cardiovascular system. Moreover, several TRP channels are involved in inherited diseases of the cardiovascular system. This review presents an overview of current knowledge concerning the physiological functions of TRP channels in the cardiovascular system and their contributions to cardiovascular diseases. Ultimately, TRP channels may become potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Yue
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Jia Xie
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Albert S Yu
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Jonathan Stock
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Jianyang Du
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Lixia Yue
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
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Xu J, Bai Y, Jin J, Zhang J, Zhang S, Cui L, Zhang H. Magnesium modulates the expression levels of calcification-associated factors to inhibit calcification in a time-dependent manner. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1028-1034. [PMID: 25667672 PMCID: PMC4316900 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification, a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease, involves a variety of mechanisms associated with the regulation of calcification-associated factors. Previous clinical studies have indicated that magnesium is involved in the reduction of vascular calcification; however, the mechanism underlying this process remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of magnesium on β-glycerophosphate (β-GP)-induced calcification and the underlying mechanisms. Primary rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were exposed to 10 mM β-GP in medium with or without the addition of 3 mM magnesium or 2-aminoethoxy-diphenylborate (2-APB; an inhibitor of magnesium transport), for a 14-day period. Calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were measured by Alizarin red staining, quantification of calcium and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of core-binding factor α-1 (Cbfα1), matrix Gla protein (MGP) and osteopontin (OPN) were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or western blot analysis, following incubation for 0, 3, 6, 10 and 14 days with the different media. VSMC calcification and ALP activity was reduced significantly in the high-magnesium medium compared with the calcification medium, during the 14-day incubation. The magnesium-induced changes in the VSMCs included a β-GP-induced downregulation of Cbfα1 by day 3 of incubation, an effect that was gradually enhanced over the 14-day period. By contrast, magnesium produced notable increases in MGP and OPN expression levels, with an opposite pattern to that observed in the Cbfα1 expression levels. However, the addition of 2-APB appeared to inhibit the protective effect of magnesium on the VSMCs. Therefore, magnesium was able to effectively reduce β-GP-induced calcification in rat VSMCs by regulating the expression levels of calcification-associated factors in a time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yaling Bai
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Shenglei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Montezano AC, Nguyen Dinh Cat A, Rios FJ, Touyz RM. Angiotensin II and vascular injury. Curr Hypertens Rep 2014; 16:431. [PMID: 24760441 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-014-0431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular injury, characterized by endothelial dysfunction, structural remodelling, inflammation and fibrosis, plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. Cellular processes underlying this include altered vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth/apoptosis, fibrosis, increased contractility and vascular calcification. Associated with these events is VSMC differentiation and phenotypic switching from a contractile to a proliferative/secretory phenotype. Inflammation, associated with macrophage infiltration and increased expression of redox-sensitive pro-inflammatory genes, also contributes to vascular remodelling. Among the many factors involved in vascular injury is Ang II. Ang II, previously thought to be the sole biologically active downstream peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), is converted to smaller peptides, [Ang III, Ang IV, Ang-(1-7)], that are functional and that modulate vascular tone and structure. The actions of Ang II are mediated via signalling pathways activated upon binding to AT1R and AT2R. AT1R activation induces effects through PLC-IP3-DAG, MAP kinases, tyrosine kinases, tyrosine phosphatases and RhoA/Rho kinase. Ang II elicits many of its (patho)physiological actions by stimulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through activation of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox). ROS in turn influence redox-sensitive signalling molecules. Here we discuss the role of Ang II in vascular injury, focusing on molecular mechanisms and cellular processes. Implications in vascular remodelling, inflammation, calcification and atherosclerosis are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto C Montezano
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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