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Vishwakarma A, Narayanan A, Kumar N, Chen Z, Dang F, Menefee J, Dhinojwala A, Joy A. Coacervate Dense Phase Displaces Surface-Established Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:26397-26407. [PMID: 39259884 PMCID: PMC11440510 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c09311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
For millions of years, barnacles and mussels have successfully adhered to wet rocks near tide-swept seashores. While the chemistry and mechanics of their underwater adhesives are being thoroughly investigated, an overlooked aspect of marine organismal adhesion is their ability to remove underlying biofilms from rocks and prepare clean surfaces before the deposition of adhesive anchors. Herein, we demonstrate that nonionic, coacervating synthetic polymers that mimic the physicochemical features of marine underwater adhesives remove ∼99% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) biofilm biomass from underwater surfaces. The efficiency of biofilm removal appears to align with the compositional differences between various bacterial biofilms. In addition, the surface energy influences the ability of the polymer to displace the biofilm, with biofilm removal efficiency decreasing for surfaces with lower surface energies. These synthetic polymers weaken the biofilm-surface interactions and exert shear stress to fracture the biofilms grown on surfaces with diverse surface energies. Since bacterial biofilms are 1000-fold more tolerant to common antimicrobial agents and pose immense health and economic risks, we anticipate that our unconventional approach inspired by marine underwater adhesion will open a new paradigm in creating antibiofilm agents that target the interfacial and viscoelastic properties of established bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Vishwakarma
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Amal Narayanan
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Nityanshu Kumar
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Zixi Chen
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02120, United States
| | - Francis Dang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Joshua Menefee
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Ali Dhinojwala
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Abraham Joy
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02120, United States
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2
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Colomba A, Astarita A, Mingrone G, Airale L, Catarinella C, Vallelonga F, Leone D, Cesareo M, Paladino A, Bringhen S, Gay F, Pedrizzetti G, Veglio F, Milan A. Haemodynamic Forces: Emerging Markers of Ventricular Remodelling in Multiple Myeloma Cardiovascular Baseline Risk Assessment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3081. [PMID: 39272939 PMCID: PMC11393942 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) affects a population with a high prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease. These patients benefit from an accurate CV risk evaluation in order to choose the safest drug regimen. Haemodynamic forces (HDFs) analysis allows for the earlier detection of myocardial damage compared with standard markers; the role played by MM in HDFs alteration, with or without the influence of hypertension, is yet to be studied. Therefore, we aimed to identify differences in HDFs analysis in patients with MM, hypertension or both versus normotensive non-oncologic subjects. A total of 173 patients (MM hypertensive patients, MMHT; MM normotensive patients, MMNT; non-oncologic hypertensive patients, CoHT; and non-oncologic normotensive patients, CoNT) underwent transthoracic echocardiography for HDFs analysis and pulse wave velocity (PWV) assessment. Hypertensive patients (MMHT, CoHT) showed decreased ejection fraction (EF), global longitudinal strain (GLS) and HDFs values compared with CoNT, whereas ventricular mass (LVMi) and PWV increased. MMNT displayed a significant reduction in systolic HDFs (p < 0.006) and systolic ejection HDFs (p < 0.008) compared with CoNT, without significant change in EF, GLS, LVMi or PWV. In conclusion, MM leads to ventricular remodelling regardless of hypertension; HDFs application for MM patients could help detect early myocardial damage, especially in patients receiving cardiotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Colomba
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, University of Turin, Str.Prov.le 142, km 3,95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Anna Astarita
- Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Mingrone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, University of Turin, Str.Prov.le 142, km 3,95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Airale
- Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Cinzia Catarinella
- Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vallelonga
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, University of Turin, Str.Prov.le 142, km 3,95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Dario Leone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, University of Turin, Str.Prov.le 142, km 3,95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Marco Cesareo
- Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Arianna Paladino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, University of Turin, Str.Prov.le 142, km 3,95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Sara Bringhen
- SSD Clinical Trial in Oncoematologia e Mieloma Multiplo, Division of Hematology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Gay
- SSD Clinical Trial in Oncoematologia e Mieloma Multiplo, Division of Hematology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Gianni Pedrizzetti
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Franco Veglio
- Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Milan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, University of Turin, Str.Prov.le 142, km 3,95, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
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3
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Hou Y, Zhou H, Li Y, Mao T, Luo J, Yang J. Hemodynamic Force Based on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: State of the Art and Perspective. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38958118 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracardiac blood flow has long been proposed to play a significant role in cardiac morphology and function. However, absolute blood pressure within the heart has mainly been measured by invasive catheterization, which limits its application. Hemodynamic force (HDF) is the global force of intracavitary blood flow acquired by integrating the intraventricular pressure gradient over the entire ventricle and thus may be a promising tool for accurately characterizing cardiac function. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging technology allow for a noninvasive measurement of HDF through both 4D flow cardiac MRI and cine cardiac MRI. The HDF time curve provides comprehensive data for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this review, a series of HDF parameters is introduced and a summary of the current literature regarding HDF in clinical practice is presented. Additionally, the current dilemmas and future prospects are discussed in order to contribute to the future research. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5. TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhen Hou
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Mao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ji Yang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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4
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Jang I, Menon S, Indra I, Basith R, Beningo KA. Calpain Small Subunit Mediated Secretion of Galectin-3 Regulates Traction Stress. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1247. [PMID: 38927454 PMCID: PMC11200796 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex regulation of traction forces (TF) produced during cellular migration remains poorly understood. We have previously found that calpain 4 (Capn4), the small non-catalytic subunit of the calpain 1 and 2 proteases, regulates the production of TF independent of the proteolytic activity of the larger subunits. Capn4 was later found to facilitate tyrosine phosphorylation and secretion of the lectin-binding protein galectin-3 (Gal3). In this study, recombinant Gal3 (rGal3) was added to the media-enhanced TF generated by capn4-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Extracellular Gal3 also rescued defects in the distribution, morphology, and adhesive strength of focal adhesions present in capn4-/- MEF cells. Surprisingly, extracellular Gal3 does not influence mechanosensing. c-Abl kinase was found to affect Gal3 secretion and the production of TF through phosphorylation of Y107 on Gal3. Our study also suggests that Gal3-mediated regulation of TF occurs through signaling pathways triggered by β1 integrin but not by focal adhesion kinase (FAK) Y397 autophosphorylation. Our findings provide insights into the signaling mechanism by which Capn4 and secreted Gal3 regulate cell migration through the modulation of TF distinctly independent from a mechanosensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen A. Beningo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (I.J.)
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5
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Hamada T, Mizuno S, Kitahata H. Shear-Induced Nonequilibrium Patterns in Lipid Bilayer Membranes Exhibiting Phase Separation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:8843-8850. [PMID: 38634601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The nonequilibrium dynamics of a fluid lipid membrane under external stimuli is an important issue that spans disciplines such as soft matter, biophysical chemistry, and interface science. This study investigated the dynamic response of lipid vesicles with order-disorder phase separation, which mimics a plasma membrane heterogeneity, to shear flow. Lipid vesicles were immobilized in a microfluidic chamber, and shear-induced nonequilibrium patterns on the membrane surface were observed by an optical microscope. We found that phase-separated membranes exhibit a dissipative structure of stripe patterns along the vortex flow on the membrane surface, and the number of stripes increased with the flow rate. At a high flow rate, the membrane exhibited a stripe-to-wave transition, where striped domains often migrated and the replacement of two different phases happened at vortex centers with time. We obtained a dynamic phase diagram of the shear-induced wave pattern by changing the flow rate, membrane components, and temperature. These findings could provide insight into the dissipative structures of lipid membranes out of equilibrium and flow-mediated mechanotransduction of biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Hamada
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi City, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Shino Mizuno
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi City, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitahata
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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6
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Yang F, Chen P, Jiang H, Xie T, Shao Y, Kim DH, Li B, Sun Y. Directional Cell Migration Guided by a Strain Gradient. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2302404. [PMID: 37735983 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Strain gradients widely exist in development and physiological activities. The directional movement of cells is essential for proper cell localization, and directional cell migration in responses to gradients of chemicals, rigidity, density, and topography of extracellular matrices have been well-established. However; it is unclear whether strain gradients imposed on cells are sufficient to drive directional cell migration. In this work, a programmable uniaxial cell stretch device is developed that creates controllable strain gradients without changing substrate stiffness or ligand distributions. It is demonstrated that over 60% of the single rat embryonic fibroblasts migrate toward the lower strain side in static and the 0.1 Hz cyclic stretch conditions at ≈4% per mm strain gradients. It is confirmed that such responses are distinct from durotaxis or haptotaxis. Focal adhesion analysis confirms higher rates of contact area and protrusion formation on the lower strain side of the cell. A 2D extended motor-clutch model is developed to demonstrate that the strain-introduced traction force determines integrin fibronectin pairs' catch-release dynamics, which drives such directional migration. Together, these results establish strain gradient as a novel cue to regulate directional cell migration and may provide new insights in development and tissue repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Pengcheng Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Han Jiang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Tianfa Xie
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yue Shao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yubing Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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7
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Du J, Li SK, Guan LY, Guo Z, Yin JF, Gao L, Kawanishi T, Shimada A, Zhang QP, Zheng LS, Liu YY, Feng XQ, Zhao L, Chen DY, Takeda H, Fan YB. Mechanically sensitive HSF1 is a key regulator of left-right symmetry breaking in zebrafish embryos. iScience 2023; 26:107864. [PMID: 37766982 PMCID: PMC10520531 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The left-right symmetry breaking of vertebrate embryos requires nodal flow. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate the asymmetric gene expression regulation under nodal flow remain elusive. Here, we report that heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is asymmetrically activated in the Kupffer's vesicle of zebrafish embryos in the presence of nodal flow. Deficiency in HSF1 expression caused a significant situs inversus and disrupted gene expression asymmetry of nodal signaling proteins in zebrafish embryos. Further studies demonstrated that HSF1 is a mechanosensitive protein. The mechanical sensation ability of HSF1 is conserved in a variety of mechanical stimuli in different cell types. Moreover, cilia and Ca2+-Akt signaling axis are essential for the activation of HSF1 under mechanical stress in vitro and in vivo. Considering the conserved expression of HSF1 in organisms, these findings unveil a fundamental mechanism of gene expression regulation by mechanical clues during embryonic development and other physiological and pathological transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu-Kai Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liu-Yuan Guan
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiang-Fan Yin
- College of life science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of life science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Toru Kawanishi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsuko Shimada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Qiu-Ping Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li-Sha Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi-Yao Liu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xi-Qiao Feng
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dong-Yan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yu-Bo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
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8
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Agarwal P, Cadart C, Fort L, Gahan J, Greenspan L, Juan T, Kameneva P, Miao Y. Pathway to Independence: the future of developmental biology. Development 2023; 150:dev202360. [PMID: 37812057 PMCID: PMC10705336 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In 2022, Development launched its Pathway to Independence (PI) Programme, aimed at supporting postdocs as they transition to their first independent position. We selected eight talented researchers as the first cohort of PI Fellows. In this article, each of our Fellows provides their perspective on the future of their field. Together, they paint an exciting picture of the current state of and open questions in developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Agarwal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Clotilde Cadart
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA
| | - Loic Fort
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, U 3200 MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240-7935, USA
| | - James Gahan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Leah Greenspan
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Juan
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Polina Kameneva
- The Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yuchuan Miao
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School and Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Ratajczak AM, Sasidharan S, Rivera Gonzalez XI, Miller EJ, Socrier L, Anthony AA, Honerkamp-Smith AR. Measuring flow-mediated protein drift across stationary supported lipid bilayers. Biophys J 2023; 122:1720-1731. [PMID: 37020419 PMCID: PMC10183372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluid flow near biological membranes influences cell functions such as development, motility, and environmental sensing. Flow can laterally transport extracellular membrane proteins located at the cell-fluid interface. To determine whether this transport contributes to flow signaling in cells, quantitative knowledge of the forces acting on membrane proteins is required. Here, we demonstrate a method for measuring flow-mediated lateral transport of lipid-anchored proteins. We rupture giant unilamellar vesicles to form discrete patches of supported membrane inside rectangular microchannels and then allow proteins to bind to the upper surface of the membrane. While applying flow, we observe the formation of protein concentration gradients that span the membrane patch. By observing how these gradients dynamically respond to changes in applied shear stress, we determine the flow mobility of the lipid-anchored protein. We use simplified model membranes and proteins to demonstrate our method's sensitivity and reproducibility. Our intention was to design a quantitative, reliable method and analysis for protein mobility that we will use to compare flow transport for a variety of proteins, lipid anchors, and membranes in model systems and on living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ethan J Miller
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Larissa Socrier
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Autumn A Anthony
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
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10
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Bonatesta F, Messerschmidt VL, Schneider L, Lee J, Lund AK, Mager EM. Acute exposure of early-life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) to Deepwater Horizon crude oil impairs glomerular filtration and renal fluid clearance capacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:21990-21999. [PMID: 36280635 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23805-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pronephros (early-stage kidney) is an important osmoregulatory organ, and the onset of its function occurs relatively early in some teleost fishes. As such, any defects in kidney development and function are likely associated with a decreased ability to osmoregulate. Previous work has shown that early-life stage (ELS) zebrafish (Danio rerio) acutely exposed to Deepwater Horizon (DWH) crude oil exhibit transcriptional changes in key genes involved in pronephros development and function, as well as pronephric morphological defects and whole-animal osmoregulatory impairment. The objective of this study was to examine the acute effects of crude oil exposure during zebrafish ELS on pronephros function by assessing its fluid clearance capacity and glomerular filtration integrity. Following a 72-h exposure to control conditions, 20% or 40% dilutions of high-energy water-accommodated fractions (HEWAF) of DWH crude oil, zebrafish were injected into the common cardinal vein either with fluorescein-labeled (FITC) 70-kDa dextran to assess glomerular filtration integrity or with FITC-inulin to assess pronephric clearance capacity. Fluorescence was quantified after the injections at predetermined time intervals by fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated a diminished pronephric fluid clearance capacity and failed glomerular perfusion when larvae were exposed to 40% HEWAF dilutions, whereas only a reduced glomerular filtration selectivity was observed in zebrafish previously exposed to the 20% HEWAF dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bonatesta
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
| | | | - Leah Schneider
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Amie K Lund
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
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11
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Ko J, Park D, Lee S, Gumuscu B, Jeon NL. Engineering Organ-on-a-Chip to Accelerate Translational Research. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1200. [PMID: 36014122 PMCID: PMC9412404 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We guide the use of organ-on-chip technology in tissue engineering applications. Organ-on-chip technology is a form of microengineered cell culture platform that elaborates the in-vivo like organ or tissue microenvironments. The organ-on-chip platform consists of microfluidic channels, cell culture chambers, and stimulus sources that emulate the in-vivo microenvironment. These platforms are typically engraved into an oxygen-permeable transparent material. Fabrication of these materials requires the use of microfabrication strategies, including soft lithography, 3D printing, and injection molding. Here we provide an overview of what is an organ-on-chip platform, where it can be used, what it is composed of, how it can be fabricated, and how it can be operated. In connection with this topic, we also introduce an overview of the recent applications, where different organs are modeled on the microscale using this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Dohyun Park
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Somin Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Burcu Gumuscu
- Biosensors and Devices Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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12
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Graffmann N, Scherer B, Adjaye J. In vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into hepatocyte like cells - basic principles and current progress. Stem Cell Res 2022; 61:102763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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13
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Liu B, Wang X, Jiang L, Xu J, Zohar Y, Yao G. Extracellular Fluid Flow Induces Shallow Quiescence Through Physical and Biochemical Cues. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:792719. [PMID: 35281101 PMCID: PMC8912726 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.792719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between cell quiescence and proliferation is fundamental to tissue physiology and homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that quiescence is not a passive and homogeneous state but actively maintained and heterogeneous. These cellular characteristics associated with quiescence were observed primarily in cultured cells under a static medium. However, cells in vivo face different microenvironmental conditions, particularly, under interstitial fluid flows distributed through extracellular matrices. Interstitial fluid flow exerts shear stress on cells and matrix strain, and results in continuous replacement of extracellular factors. In this study, we analyzed individual cells under varying fluid flow rates in microfluidic devices. We found quiescence characteristics previously identified under conventional static medium, including serum signal-dependant quiescence entry and exit and time-dependant quiescence deepening, are also present under continuous fluid flow. Furthermore, increasing the flow rate drives cells to shallower quiescence and become more likely to reenter the cell cycle upon growth stimulation. This effect is due to flow-induced physical and biochemical cues. Specifically, increasing shear stress or extracellular factor replacement individually, without altering other parameters, results in shallow quiescence. We show our experimental results can be quantitatively explained by a mathematical model connecting extracellular fluid flow to an Rb-E2f bistable switch that regulates the quiescence-to-proliferation transition. Our findings uncover a previously unappreciated mechanism that likely underlies the heterogeneous responses of quiescent cells for tissue repair and regeneration in different physiological tissue microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Linan Jiang
- Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Linan Jiang, ; Guang Yao,
| | - Jianhua Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yitshak Zohar
- Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Guang Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Linan Jiang, ; Guang Yao,
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14
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Bonatesta F, Emadi C, Price ER, Wang Y, Greer JB, Xu EG, Schlenk D, Grosell M, Mager EM. The developing zebrafish kidney is impaired by Deepwater Horizon crude oil early-life stage exposure: A molecular to whole-organism perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151988. [PMID: 34838918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Crude oil is known to induce developmental defects in teleost fish exposed during early life stages (ELSs). While most studies in recent years have focused on cardiac endpoints, evidence from whole-animal transcriptomic analyses and studies with individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) indicate that the developing kidney (i.e., pronephros) is also at risk. Considering the role of the pronephros in osmoregulation, and the common observance of edema in oil-exposed ELS fish, surprisingly little is known regarding the effects of oil exposure on pronephros development and function. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) ELSs, we assessed the transcriptional and morphological responses to two dilutions of high-energy water accommodated fractions (HEWAF) of oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill using a combination of qPCR and whole-mount in situ hybridization (WM-ISH) of candidate genes involved in pronephros development and function, and immunohistochemistry (WM-IHC). To assess potential functional impacts on the pronephros, three 24 h osmotic challenges (2 hypo-osmotic, 1 near iso-osmotic) were implemented at two developmental time points (48 and 96 h post fertilization; hpf) following exposure to HEWAF. Changes in transcript expression level and location specific to different regions of the pronephros were observed by qPCR and WM-ISH. Further, pronephros morphology was altered in crude oil exposed larvae, characterized by failed glomerulus and neck segment formation, and straightening of the pronephric tubules. The osmotic challenges at 96 hpf greatly exacerbated edema in both HEWAF-exposed groups regardless of osmolarity. By contrast, larvae at 48 hpf exhibited no edema prior to the osmotic challenge, but previous HEWAF exposure elicited a concentration-response increase in edema at hypo-osmotic conditions that appeared to have been largely alleviated under near iso-osmotic conditions. In summary, ELS HEWAF exposure impaired proper pronephros development in zebrafish, which coupled with cardiotoxic effects, most likely reduced or inhibited pronephros fluid clearance capacity and increased edema formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bonatesta
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Cameron Emadi
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Edwin R Price
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin B Greer
- Western Fisheries Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Martin Grosell
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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15
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Lee GH, Huang SA, Aw WY, Rathod M, Cho C, Ligler FS, Polacheck WJ. Multilayer microfluidic platform for the study of luminal, transmural, and interstitial flow. Biofabrication 2022; 14:10.1088/1758-5090/ac48e5. [PMID: 34991082 PMCID: PMC8867496 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac48e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues requires an intricate balance of blood, lymphatic, and interstitial fluid pressures (IFPs), and gradients in fluid pressure drive the flow of blood, lymph, and interstitial fluid through tissues. While specific fluid mechanical stimuli, such as wall shear stress, have been shown to modulate cellular signaling pathways along with gene and protein expression patterns, an understanding of the key signals imparted by flowing fluid and how these signals are integrated across multiple cells and cell types in native tissues is incomplete due to limitations with current assays. Here, we introduce a multi-layer microfluidic platform (MμLTI-Flow) that enables the culture of engineered blood and lymphatic microvessels and independent control of blood, lymphatic, and IFPs. Using optical microscopy methods to measure fluid velocity for applied input pressures, we demonstrate varying rates of interstitial fluid flow as a function of blood, lymphatic, and interstitial pressure, consistent with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. The resulting microfluidic and computational platforms will provide for analysis of key fluid mechanical parameters and cellular mechanisms that contribute to diseases in which fluid imbalances play a role in progression, including lymphedema and solid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-hun Lee
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
| | - Stephanie A. Huang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
| | - Wen Y. Aw
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
| | - Mitesh Rathod
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
| | - Crescentia Cho
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
| | - Frances S. Ligler
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University
| | - William J. Polacheck
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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16
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Cardiac forces regulate zebrafish heart valve delamination by modulating Nfat signaling. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001505. [PMID: 35030171 PMCID: PMC8794269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the clinic, most cases of congenital heart valve defects are thought to arise through errors that occur after the endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) stage of valve development. Although mechanical forces caused by heartbeat are essential modulators of cardiovascular development, their role in these later developmental events is poorly understood. To address this question, we used the zebrafish superior atrioventricular valve (AV) as a model. We found that cellularized cushions of the superior atrioventricular canal (AVC) morph into valve leaflets via mesenchymal–endothelial transition (MEndoT) and tissue sheet delamination. Defects in delamination result in thickened, hyperplastic valves, and reduced heart function. Mechanical, chemical, and genetic perturbation of cardiac forces showed that mechanical stimuli are important regulators of valve delamination. Mechanistically, we show that forces modulate Nfatc activity to control delamination. Together, our results establish the cellular and molecular signature of cardiac valve delamination in vivo and demonstrate the continuous regulatory role of mechanical forces and blood flow during valve formation. Why do developing zebrafish atrioventricular heart valves become hyperplastic under certain hemodynamic conditions? This study suggests that part of the answer lies in how the mechanosensitive Nfat pathway regulates the valve mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition.
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17
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Zhang W, Song B, Bai X, Jia L, Song L, Guo J, Feng L. Versatile acoustic manipulation of micro-objects using mode-switchable oscillating bubbles: transportation, trapping, rotation, and revolution. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4760-4771. [PMID: 34632476 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00628b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Controllable on-chip multimodal manipulation of micro-objects in microfluidic devices is urgently required for enhancing the efficiency of potential biomedical applications. However, fixed design and driving models make it difficult to achieve switchable multifunction efficiently in a single device. In this study, a versatile bubble-based acoustofluidic device is proposed for multimodal manipulation of micro-objects in a biocompatible manner. Identical bubbles trapped over the bottom microcavities are made to flexibly switch between four different oscillatory motions by varying the applied frequency to generate corresponding modes of streaming patterns in the microchannel. Such regular modes enable stable transportation, trapping, 3D rotation, and circular revolution of the micro-objects, which were experimentally and numerically verified. The mode-switchable manipulations can be noninvasively applied to particles, cells, and organisms with different sizes, shapes, and quantities and can be controlled by key driving parameters. Moreover, 3D cell reconstruction is developed by applying the out-of-plane rotational mode and analyzed for illustration of cell surface morphology while quantifying reliably basic cell properties. Finally, a simple platform is established to integrate user-friendly function control and reconstruction analysis. The mode-switchable acoustofluidic device features a versatile, controllable, and contactless micro-object manipulation method, which provides an efficient solution for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Bin Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lina Jia
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Li Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jingli Guo
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lin Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
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18
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Kim MH, Kino-Oka M. Mechanobiological conceptual framework for assessing stem cell bioprocess effectiveness. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4537-4549. [PMID: 34460101 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fully realizing the enormous potential of stem cells requires developing efficient bioprocesses and optimizations founded in mechanobiological considerations. Here, we emphasize the importance of mechanotransduction as one of the governing principles of stem cell bioprocesses, underscoring the need to further explore the behavioral mechanisms involved in sensing mechanical cues and coordinating transcriptional responses. We identify the sources of intrinsic, extrinsic, and external noise in bioprocesses requiring further study, and discuss the criteria and indicators that may be used to assess and predict cell-to-cell variability resulting from environmental fluctuations. Specifically, we propose a conceptual framework to explain the impact of mechanical forces within the cellular environment, identify key cell state determinants in bioprocesses, and discuss downstream implementation challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Hae Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kino-Oka
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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19
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Follain G, Osmani N, Gensbittel V, Asokan N, Larnicol A, Mercier L, Garcia-Leon MJ, Busnelli I, Pichot A, Paul N, Carapito R, Bahram S, Lefebvre O, Goetz JG. Impairing flow-mediated endothelial remodeling reduces extravasation of tumor cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13144. [PMID: 34162963 PMCID: PMC8222393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression and metastatic dissemination are driven by cell-intrinsic and biomechanical cues that favor the growth of life-threatening secondary tumors. We recently identified pro-metastatic vascular regions with blood flow profiles that are permissive for the arrest of circulating tumor cells. We have further established that such flow profiles also control endothelial remodeling, which favors extravasation of arrested CTCs. Yet, how shear forces control endothelial remodeling is unknown. In the present work, we aimed at dissecting the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving blood flow-dependent endothelial remodeling. Transcriptomic analysis of endothelial cells revealed that blood flow enhanced VEGFR signaling, among others. Using a combination of in vitro microfluidics and intravital imaging in zebrafish embryos, we now demonstrate that the early flow-driven endothelial response can be prevented upon specific inhibition of VEGFR tyrosine kinase and subsequent signaling. Inhibitory targeting of VEGFRs reduced endothelial remodeling and subsequent metastatic extravasation. These results confirm the importance of VEGFR-dependent endothelial remodeling as a driving force of CTC extravasation and metastatic dissemination. Furthermore, the present work suggests that therapies targeting endothelial remodeling might be a relevant clinical strategy in order to impede metastatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Follain
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Turku Bioscience Center,, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Naël Osmani
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Valentin Gensbittel
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Nandini Asokan
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Annabel Larnicol
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Luc Mercier
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neurosciences, CNRS Université de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maria Jesus Garcia-Leon
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Ignacio Busnelli
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Angelique Pichot
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicodème Paul
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Raphaël Carapito
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Lefebvre
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, CRBS, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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20
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Köktürk M, Çomaklı S, Özkaraca M, Alak G, Atamanalp M. Teratogenic and Neurotoxic Effects of n-Butanol on Zebrafish Development. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2021; 33:94-106. [PMID: 33780052 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, n-butanol, a type of alcohol, has been widely used from the chemical industry to the food industry. In this study, toxic effects of n-butanol's different concentrations (10, 50, 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,250 mg/L) in Zebrafish Danio rerio embryos and larvae were investigated. For this purpose, Zebrafish embryos were exposed to n-butanol in acute semistatic applications. Teratogenic effects such as cardiac edema, scoliosis, lordosis, head development abnormality, yolk sac edema, and tail abnormality were determined at different time intervals (24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h). Additionally, histopathological abnormalities such as vacuole formation in brain tissue and necrosis in liver tissue were observed at high doses (500, 750, and 1,000 mg/L) in all treatment groups at 96 h. It was determined that heart rate decreased at 48, 72, and 96 h due to an increase in concentration. In addition, alcohol-induced eye size reduction (microphthalmia) and single eye formation (cyclopia) are also among the effects observed in our research findings. In conclusion, n-butanol has been observed to cause intense neurotoxic, teratogenic, and cardiotoxic effects in Zebrafish embryos and larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Köktürk
- Department of Organic Farming, School of Applied Science, Igdır University, 76000, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25030, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özkaraca
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, 25030, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, 25030, Erzurum, Turkey
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21
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Wasson EM, Dubbin K, Moya ML. Go with the flow: modeling unique biological flows in engineered in vitro platforms. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2095-2120. [PMID: 34008661 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Interest in recapitulating in vivo phenomena in vitro using organ-on-a-chip technology has grown rapidly and with it, attention to the types of fluid flow experienced in the body has followed suit. These platforms offer distinct advantages over in vivo models with regards to human relevance, cost, and control of inputs (e.g., controlled manipulation of biomechanical cues from fluid perfusion). Given the critical role biophysical forces play in several tissues and organs, it is therefore imperative that engineered in vitro platforms capture the complex, unique flow profiles experienced in the body that are intimately tied with organ function. In this review, we outline the complex and unique flow regimes experienced by three different organ systems: blood vasculature, lymphatic vasculature, and the intestinal system. We highlight current state-of-the-art platforms that strive to replicate physiological flows within engineered tissues while introducing potential limitations in current approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Wasson
- Material Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave L-222, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
| | - Karen Dubbin
- Material Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave L-222, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
| | - Monica L Moya
- Material Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave L-222, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
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22
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Campinho P, Lamperti P, Boselli F, Vilfan A, Vermot J. Blood Flow Limits Endothelial Cell Extrusion in the Zebrafish Dorsal Aorta. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107505. [PMID: 32294443 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood flow modulates endothelial cell (EC) response during angiogenesis. Shear stress is known to control gene expression related to the endothelial-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-hematopoietic transition. However, the impact of blood flow on the cellular processes associated with EC extrusion is less well understood. To address this question, we dynamically record EC movements and use 3D quantitative methods to segregate the contributions of various cellular processes to the cellular trajectories in the zebrafish dorsal aorta. We find that ECs spread toward the cell extrusion area following the tissue deformation direction dictated by flow-derived mechanical forces. Cell extrusion increases when blood flow is impaired. Similarly, the mechanosensor polycystic kidney disease 2 (pkd2) limits cell extrusion, suggesting that ECs actively sense mechanical forces in the process. These findings identify pkd2 and flow as critical regulators of EC extrusion and suggest that mechanical forces coordinate this process by maintaining ECs within the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Campinho
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Paola Lamperti
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Francesco Boselli
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrej Vilfan
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany; J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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23
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In situ rolling circle amplification surface modifications to improve E. coli O157:H7 capturing performances for rapid and sensitive microfluidic detection applications. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1150:338229. [PMID: 33583552 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the application of rolling circle amplification (RCA) to modify microfluidic channels for potential sensitive detection applications. To this end, a novel in situ capturing RCA (cRCA) strategy was used to modify the inner surfaces of microfluidic channels with cRCA products that featured repeating tandem capturing aptamers specific for E. coli O157:H7 cells. We showed that the in situ cRCA reaction modified microfluidic channels demonstrated significantly enhanced capturing efficiency in a wide range of flow rates when compared with the unit-aptamer approach. We demonstrated for the first time that microfluidic surfaces modified with the in situ cRCA products showed peak capturing performances both in terms of target capturing efficiency and specificity, and this was likely due to unexpected base-pairing that resulted in altered secondary structures of the capturing aptamers. Our data suggest that the in situ cRCA surface modification is a promising strategy to improve capturing performances in microfluidic devices in sensitive detection applications that also require high throughput. However, cRCA reaction conditions, particularly reaction time and concentrations of initial circular template, must be carefully investigated before the potentials of the in situ cRCA surface modification approach can be fully realized.
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24
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Donahue WP, Newhauser WD. Computational feasibility of simulating whole-organ vascular networks. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:055028. [PMID: 33444259 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/abaf5b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The human body contains approximately 20 billion blood vessels, which transport nutrients, oxygen, immune cells, and signals throughout the body. The brain's vasculature includes up to 9 billion of these vessels to support cognition, motor processes, and myriad other vital functions. To model blood flowing through a vasculature, a geometric description of the vessels is required. Previously reported attempts to model vascular geometries have produced highly-detailed models. These models, however, are limited to a small fraction of the human brain, and little was known about the feasibility of computationally modeling whole-organ-sized networks. We implemented a fractal-based algorithm to construct a vasculature the size of the human brain and evaluated the algorithm's speed and memory requirements. Using high-performance computing systems, the algorithm constructed a vasculature comprising 17 billion vessels in 1960 core-hours, or 49 minutes of wall-clock time, and required less than 32 GB of memory per node. We demonstrated strong scalability that was limited mainly by input/output operations. The results of this study demonstrated, for the first time, that it is feasible to computationally model the vasculature of the whole human brain. These findings provide key insights into the computational aspects of modeling whole-organ vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Donahue
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
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25
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Follain G, Gensbittel V, Mary B, Lefebvre O, Harlepp S, Hyenne V, Goetz JG. [Influence of fluid mechanics on metastasis formation]. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36:872-878. [PMID: 33026329 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases are the main cause of cancer-related deaths. The chain of events leading to their development is called "the metastatic cascade". The biological and biochemical aspects of this process have been well studied but the importance of biomechanical parameters only recently became a focus in the field. Studies have shown the biological fluids (blood, lymph and interstitial fluid) to play a key role in the metastatic cascade. These fluids participate in the transport of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as well as the factors that they secrete, while at the same time influencing the events of the metastatic cascade through the forces that they generate. The hemodynamic properties and topological constraints of the vascular architecture control the formation of metastatic niches and the metastatic potential of tumor cells. In this review, we discuss the importance of these mechanical forces and highlight the novel questions and research avenues that they open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Follain
- Inserm UMR_S1109, 1 place de l'Hôpital, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Adresse actuelle : Turku Bioscience Center, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finlande
| | - Valentin Gensbittel
- Inserm UMR_S1109, 1 place de l'Hôpital, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Benjamin Mary
- Inserm UMR_S1109, 1 place de l'Hôpital, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Lefebvre
- Inserm UMR_S1109, 1 place de l'Hôpital, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sébastien Harlepp
- Inserm UMR_S1109, 1 place de l'Hôpital, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Hyenne
- Inserm UMR_S1109, 1 place de l'Hôpital, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France - CNRS, SNC 5055,
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- Inserm UMR_S1109, 1 place de l'Hôpital, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France - Fédération de médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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26
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Noh KH, Kang HM, Oh SJ, Lee JY, Kim DH, Kim M, Chung KS, Son MY, Kim DS, Cho HS, Lee J, Lee DG, Lim JH, Jung CR. A new experimental model to study human drug responses. Biofabrication 2020; 12:045029. [PMID: 32975216 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abb652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accurate prediction of pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics is critical for drug development. Oral drugs are particularly difficult because they are absorbed by the intestine and metabolized in the liver before systemic metabolism in vivo; this is called the first-pass effect and is a critical factor for predicting oral bioavailability (BA). Here, we fabricated a new networking and circulating cell culture system (NCCS), mimicking the circulatory system and interaction of organs for studying the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of oral drugs in vitro. NCCS consisted of a micro-pump for circulating fluids, two types of multi-insert culture dishes for culturing different cell types, and an orbital shaker for mixing; flow rate and shaking-speed were controlled by weight-sensors and drivers. A first-pass effect test was performed using functionally differentiated HepaRG and Caco-2 cell lines, using a new modified spheroid forming unit (SFU) protocol. To verify the similarity of PK (first-pass effect) data of NCCS with the data from the human body, 15 reference drugs were chosen and their associated data were obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. NCCS generated absorption and metabolism data showed >70% similarity to human data respectively. NCCS can also be used to demonstrate species differences. Animal models are the primary basis for drug discovery, development, and testing. However, the weak correlation between humans and animals, particularly regarding absorption and metabolism, is a substantial limitation for the use of animal models. Here we compare human and mouse acetaminophen (APAP) metabolism using NCCS, and its application can be extended to assess cellular responses, such as efficacy and toxicity, simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Noh
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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27
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Rapid Fabrication of Membrane-Integrated Thermoplastic Elastomer Microfluidic Devices. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11080731. [PMID: 32731570 PMCID: PMC7463978 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leveraging the advantageous material properties of recently developed soft thermoplastic elastomer materials, this work presents the facile and rapid fabrication of composite membrane-integrated microfluidic devices consisting of FlexdymTM polymer and commercially available porous polycarbonate membranes. The three-layer devices can be fabricated in under 2.5 h, consisting of a 2-min hot embossing cycle, conformal contact between device layers and a low-temperature baking step. The strength of the FlexdymTM-polycarbonate seal was characterized using a specialized microfluidic delamination device and an automated pressure controller configuration, offering a standardized and high-throughput method of microfluidic burst testing. Given a minimum bonding distance of 200 μm, the materials showed bonding that reliably withstood pressures of 500 mbar and above, which is sufficient for most microfluidic cell culture applications. Bonding was also stable when subjected to long term pressurization (10 h) and repeated use (10,000 pressure cycles). Cell culture trials confirmed good cell adhesion and sustained culture of human dermal fibroblasts on a polycarbonate membrane inside the device channels over the course of one week. In comparison to existing porous membrane-based microfluidic platforms of this configuration, most often made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), these devices offer a streamlined fabrication methodology with materials having favourable properties for cell culture applications and the potential for implementation in barrier model organ-on-chips.
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28
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Campinho P, Vilfan A, Vermot J. Blood Flow Forces in Shaping the Vascular System: A Focus on Endothelial Cell Behavior. Front Physiol 2020; 11:552. [PMID: 32581842 PMCID: PMC7291788 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium is the cell monolayer that lines the interior of the blood vessels separating the vessel lumen where blood circulates, from the surrounding tissues. During embryonic development, endothelial cells (ECs) must ensure that a tight barrier function is maintained whilst dynamically adapting to the growing vascular tree that is being formed and remodeled. Blood circulation generates mechanical forces, such as shear stress and circumferential stretch that are directly acting on the endothelium. ECs actively respond to flow-derived mechanical cues by becoming polarized, migrating and changing neighbors, undergoing shape changes, proliferating or even leaving the tissue and changing identity. It is now accepted that coordinated changes at the single cell level drive fundamental processes governing vascular network morphogenesis such as angiogenic sprouting, network pruning, lumen formation, regulation of vessel caliber and stability or cell fate transitions. Here we summarize the cell biology and mechanics of ECs in response to flow-derived forces, discuss the latest advances made at the single cell level with particular emphasis on in vivo studies and highlight potential implications for vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Campinho
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrej Vilfan
- Department of Living Matter Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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29
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Faucherre A, Moha Ou Maati H, Nasr N, Pinard A, Theron A, Odelin G, Desvignes JP, Salgado D, Collod-Béroud G, Avierinos JF, Lebon G, Zaffran S, Jopling C. Piezo1 is required for outflow tract and aortic valve development. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 143:51-62. [PMID: 32251670 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS During embryogenesis, the onset of circulatory blood flow generates a variety of hemodynamic forces which reciprocally induce changes in cardiovascular development and performance. It has been known for some time that these forces can be detected by as yet unknown mechanosensory systems which in turn promote cardiogenic events such as outflow tract and aortic valve development. PIEZO1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel present in endothelial cells where it serves to detect hemodynamic forces making it an ideal candidate to play a role during cardiac development. We sought to determine whether PIEZO1 is required for outflow tract and aortic valve development. METHODS AND RESULTS By analysing heart development in zebrafish we have determined that piezo1 is expressed in the developing outflow tract where it serves to detect hemodynamic forces. Consequently, disrupting Piezo1 signalling leads to defective outflow tract and aortic valve development and indicates this gene may be involved in the etiology of congenital heart diseases. Based on these findings, we analysed genomic data generated from patients who suffer from left ventricular outflow tract obstructions (LVOTO) and identified 3 probands who each harboured potentially pathogenic variants in PIEZO1. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo assays indicates that these variants behave as dominant negatives leading to an inhibition of normal PIEZO1 mechanosensory activity. Expressing these dominant negative PIEZO1 variants in zebrafish endothelium leads to defective aortic valve development. CONCLUSION These data indicate that the mechanosensitive ion channel piezo1 is required for outflow tract and aortic valve development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Faucherre
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM LabEx ICST, Montpellier, France
| | - Hamid Moha Ou Maati
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM LabEx ICST, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Nasr
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM LabEx ICST, Montpellier, France
| | - Amélie Pinard
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG UMR1251, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alexis Theron
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG UMR1251, 13005 Marseille, France; Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gaëlle Odelin
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG UMR1251, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - David Salgado
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG UMR1251, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean-François Avierinos
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG UMR1251, 13005 Marseille, France; Service de Cardiologie, AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Lebon
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM LabEx ICST, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Zaffran
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG UMR1251, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Chris Jopling
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM LabEx ICST, Montpellier, France.
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30
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Song Y, Soto J, Chen B, Yang L, Li S. Cell engineering: Biophysical regulation of the nucleus. Biomaterials 2020; 234:119743. [PMID: 31962231 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells live in a complex and dynamic microenvironment, and a variety of microenvironmental cues can regulate cell behavior. In addition to biochemical signals, biophysical cues can induce not only immediate intracellular responses, but also long-term effects on phenotypic changes such as stem cell differentiation, immune cell activation and somatic cell reprogramming. Cells respond to mechanical stimuli via an outside-in and inside-out feedback loop, and the cell nucleus plays an important role in this process. The mechanical properties of the nucleus can directly or indirectly modulate mechanotransduction, and the physical coupling of the cell nucleus with the cytoskeleton can affect chromatin structure and regulate the epigenetic state, gene expression and cell function. In this review, we will highlight the recent progress in nuclear biomechanics and mechanobiology in the context of cell engineering, tissue remodeling and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jennifer Soto
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Binru Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Li Yang
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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31
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Silbernagel N, Körner A, Balitzki J, Jaggy M, Bertels S, Richter B, Hippler M, Hellwig A, Hecker M, Bastmeyer M, Ullrich ND. Shaping the heart: Structural and functional maturation of iPSC-cardiomyocytes in 3D-micro-scaffolds. Biomaterials 2020; 227:119551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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32
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Praljak N, Ryan SD, Resnick A. Pulsatile flow through idealized renal tubules: Fluid-structure interaction and dynamic pathologies. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2019; 17:1787-1807. [PMID: 32233608 PMCID: PMC8533031 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Kidney tubules are lined with flow-sensing structures, yet information about the flow itself is not easily obtained. We aim to generate a multiscale biomechanical model for analyzing fluid flow and fluid-structure interactions within an elastic kidney tubule when the driving pressure is pulsatile. We developed a two-dimensional macroscopic mathematical model of a single fluid-filled tubule corresponding to a distal nephron segment and determined both flow dynamics and wall strains over a range of driving frequencies and wall compliances using finite-element analysis. The results presented here demonstrate good agreement with available analytical solutions and form a foundation for future inclusion of elastohydrodynamic coupling by neighboring tubules. Overall, we are interested in exploring the idea of dynamic pathology to better understand the progression of chronic kidney diseases such as Polycystic Kidney Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niksa Praljak
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland OH 44115, USA
- Department of Physics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland OH 44115, USA
| | - Shawn D. Ryan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland OH 44115, USA
| | - Andrew Resnick
- Department of Physics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland OH 44115, USA
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland OH 44115, USA
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33
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Yang JW, Chen YW, Ho PY, Jiang L, Hsieh KY, Cheng SJ, Lin KC, Lu HE, Chiu HY, Lin SF, Chen GY. The Development of Controllable Magnetic Driven Microphysiological System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:275. [PMID: 31788472 PMCID: PMC6853840 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research has enabled the use of microphysiological systems and creation of models for alveolar and pulmonary diseases. However, bottlenecks remain in terms of medium- and long-term regulation of cell cultures and their functions in microchannel systems, as well as in the enhancement of in vitro representation of alveolar models and reference values of the data. Currently used systems also require on-chip manufacturing of complex units, such as pumps, tubes, and other cumbersome structures for maintaining cells in culture. In addition, system simplification and minimization of all external and human factors major challenges facing the establishment of in vitro alveolar models. In this study, a magnetically driven dynamic alveolus cell-culture system has been developed to use controlled magnetic force to drive a magnetic film on the chip, thereby directing the fluid within it to produce a circulating flow. The system has been confirmed to be conducive with regard to facilitating uniform attachment of human alveolar epithelial cells and long-term culture. The cell structure has been recapitulated, and differentiation functions have been maintained. Subsequently, reactions between silica nanoparticles and human alveolar epithelial cells have been used to validate the effects and advantages of the proposed dynamic chip-based system compared to a static environment. The innovative concept of use of a magnetic drive has been successfully employed in this study to create a simple and controllable yet dynamic alveolus cell-culture system to realize its functions and advantages with regard to in vitro tissue construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Ho
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Liane Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Centre for Ophthalmology, Section for Experimental Ophthalmic Surgery and Refractive Surgery, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kuan Yu Hsieh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Jen Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chih Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Huai-En Lu
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yi Chiu
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shien-Fong Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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34
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Srivastava P, Kilian KA. Micro-Engineered Models of Development Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:357. [PMID: 31850326 PMCID: PMC6895561 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During fetal development, embryonic cells are coaxed through a series of lineage choices which lead to the formation of the three germ layers and subsequently to all the cell types that are required to form an adult human body. Landmark cell fate decisions leading to symmetry breaking, establishment of the primitive streak and first tri-lineage differentiation happen after implantation, and therefore have been attributed to be a function of the embryo's spatiotemporal 3D environment. These mechanical and geometric cues induce a cascade of signaling pathways leading to cell differentiation and orientation. Due to the physiological, ethical, and legal limitations of accessing an intact human embryo for functional studies, multiple in-vitro models have been developed to try and recapitulate the key milestones of mammalian embryogenesis using mouse embryos, or mouse and human embryonic stem cells. More recently, the development of induced pluripotent stem cells represents a cell source which is being explored to prepare a developmental model, owing to their genetic and functional similarities to embryonic stem cells. Here we review the use of micro-engineered cell culture materials as platforms to define the physical and geometric contributions during the cell fate defining process and to study the underlying pathways. This information has applications in various biomedical contexts including tissue engineering, stem cell therapy, and organoid cultures for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Srivastava
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristopher A. Kilian
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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35
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Wang J, Wu Y, Zhang X, Zhang F, Lü D, Shangguan B, Gao Y, Long M. Flow-enhanced priming of hESCs through H2B acetylation and chromatin decondensation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:349. [PMID: 31775893 PMCID: PMC6880446 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinct mechanical stimuli are known to manipulate the behaviors of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Fundamental rationale of how ESCs respond to mechanical forces and the potential biological effects remain elusive. Here we conducted the mechanobiological study for hESCs upon mechanomics analysis to unravel typical mechanosensitive processes on hESC-specific fluid shear. METHODS hESC line H1 was subjected to systematically varied shear flow, and mechanosensitive proteins were obtained by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Then, function enrichment analysis was performed to identify the enriched gene sets. Under a steady shear flow of 1.1 Pa for 24 h, protein expressions were further detected using western blotting (WB), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Meanwhile, the cells were treated with 200 nM trichostatin (TSA) for 1 h as positive control to test chromatin decondensation. Actin, DNA, and RNA were then visualized with TRITC-labeled phalloidin, Hoechst 33342, and SYTO® RNASelect™ green fluorescent cell stain (Life Technologies), respectively. In addition, cell stiffness was determined with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and annexin V-PE was used to determine the apoptosis with a flow cytometer (FCM). RESULTS Typical mechanosensitive proteins were unraveled upon mechanomics analysis under fluid shear related to hESCs in vivo. Functional analyses revealed significant alterations in histone acetylation, nuclear size, and cytoskeleton for hESC under shear flow. Shear flow was able to induce H2B acetylation and nuclear spreading by CFL2/F-actin cytoskeletal reorganization. The resulting chromatin decondensation and a larger nucleus readily accommodate signaling molecules and transcription factors. CONCLUSIONS Shear flow regulated chromatin dynamics in hESCs via cytoskeleton and nucleus alterations and consolidated their primed state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyuan Lü
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Shangguan
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuxin Gao
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mian Long
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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36
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Delgado-Ruiz RA, Calvo-Guirado JL, Romanos GE. Effects of occlusal forces on the peri-implant-bone interface stability. Periodontol 2000 2019; 81:179-193. [PMID: 31407438 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The occlusal forces and their influence on the initiation of peri-implant bone loss or their relationship with peri-implantitis have created discussion during the past 30 years given the discrepancies observed in clinical, animal, and finite element analysis studies. Beyond these contradictions, in the case of an osseointegrated implant, the occlusal forces can influence the implant-bone interface and the cells responsible for the bone remodeling in different ways that may result in the maintenance or loss of the osseointegration. This comprehensive review focuses on the information available about the forces transmitted through the implant-crown system to the implant-bone interface and the mechano-transduction phenomena responsible for the bone cells' behavior and their interactions. Knowledge of the basic molecular biology of the peri-implant bone would help clinicians to understand the complex phenomenon of occlusal forces and their effects on the implant-bone interface, and would allow better control of the negative effects of mechanical stresses, leading to therapy with fewer risks and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Arcesio Delgado-Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Digital Technology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jose Luis Calvo-Guirado
- International Dentistry Research Cathedra, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universidad Catolica San Antonio De Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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37
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O'Melia MJ, Lund AW, Thomas SN. The Biophysics of Lymphatic Transport: Engineering Tools and Immunological Consequences. iScience 2019; 22:28-43. [PMID: 31739172 PMCID: PMC6864335 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels mediate fluid flows that affect antigen distribution and delivery, lymph node stromal remodeling, and cell-cell interactions, to thus regulate immune activation. Here we review the functional role of lymphatic transport and lymph node biomechanics in immunity. We present experimental tools that enable quantitative analysis of lymphatic transport and lymph node dynamics in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we discuss the current understanding for how changes in lymphatic transport and lymph node biomechanics contribute to pathogenesis of conditions including cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan J O'Melia
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Amanda W Lund
- Departments of Cell Developmental Cancer Biology, Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, and Dermatology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 SW Moody Avenue, KR-CDCB, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Susan N Thomas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, 315 Ferst Dr NW, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, 801 Ferst Dr NW, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, 1365 Clifton Rd, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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38
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Duchemin AL, Vignes H, Vermot J, Chow R. Mechanotransduction in cardiovascular morphogenesis and tissue engineering. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2019; 57:106-116. [PMID: 31586750 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular morphogenesis involves cell behavior and cell identity changes that are activated by mechanical forces associated with heart function. Recently, advances in in vivo imaging, methods to alter blood flow, and computational modelling have greatly advanced our understanding of how forces produced by heart contraction and blood flow impact different morphogenetic processes. Meanwhile, traditional genetic approaches have helped to elucidate how endothelial cells respond to forces at the cellular and molecular level. Here we discuss the principles of endothelial mechanosensitity and their interplay with cellular processes during cardiovascular morphogenesis. We then discuss their implications in the field of cardiovascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Duchemin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Helene Vignes
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
| | - Renee Chow
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
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39
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Vianello S, Lutolf MP. Understanding the Mechanobiology of Early Mammalian Development through Bioengineered Models. Dev Cell 2019; 48:751-763. [PMID: 30913407 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Research in developmental biology has been recently enriched by a multitude of in vitro models recapitulating key milestones of mammalian embryogenesis. These models obviate the challenge posed by the inaccessibility of implanted embryos, multiply experimental opportunities, and favor approaches traditionally associated with organoids and tissue engineering. Here, we provide a perspective on how these models can be applied to study the mechano-geometrical contributions to early mammalian development, which still escape direct verification in species that develop in utero. We thus outline new avenues for robust and scalable perturbation of geometry and mechanics in ways traditionally limited to non-implanting developmental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Vianello
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences (SV) and School of Engineering (STI), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias P Lutolf
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences (SV) and School of Engineering (STI), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Science (SB), EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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40
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Mele D, Smarrazzo V, Pedrizzetti G, Bertini M, Ferrari R. Intracardiac flow analysis in cardiac resynchronization therapy: A new challenge? Echocardiography 2019; 36:1919-1929. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.14477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donato Mele
- Cardiology Unit and LTTA Center University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | | | - Gianni Pedrizzetti
- Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste Italy
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiology Unit and LTTA Center University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Cardiology Unit and LTTA Center University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM Care & Research E.S. Health Science Foundation Cotignola Italy
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41
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Microfluidic models of physiological or pathological flow shear stress for cell biology, disease modeling and drug development. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Schliffka MF, Maître JL. Stay hydrated: basolateral fluids shaping tissues. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2019; 57:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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43
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Samal P, van Blitterswijk C, Truckenmüller R, Giselbrecht S. Grow with the Flow: When Morphogenesis Meets Microfluidics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805764. [PMID: 30767289 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Developmental biology has advanced the understanding of the intricate and dynamic processes involved in the formation of an organism from a single cell. However, many gaps remain in the knowledge of embryonic development, especially regarding tissue morphogenesis. A possible approach to mimic such phenomena uses pluripotent stem cells in in vitro morphogenetic models. Herein, these systems are summarized with emphasis on the ability to better manipulate and control cellular interfaces with either liquid or solid materials using microengineered tools, which is critical for attaining deeper insights into pattern formation and stem cell differentiation during organogenesis. The role of conventional and customized cell-culture systems in supporting important advances in the field of morphogenesis is discussed, and the fascinating role that material sciences and microengineering currently play and are expected to play in the future is highlighted. In conclusion, it is proffered that continued microfluidics innovations when applied to morphogenesis promise to provide important insights to advance many multidisciplinary fields, including regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinak Samal
- Department of Complex Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- Department of Complex Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmüller
- Department of Complex Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Giselbrecht
- Department of Complex Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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44
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Abstract
The formation of self-organized patterns is key to the morphogenesis of multicellular organisms, although a comprehensive theory of biological pattern formation is still lacking. Here, we propose a minimal model combining tissue mechanics with morphogen turnover and transport to explore routes to patterning. Our active description couples morphogen reaction and diffusion, which impact cell differentiation and tissue mechanics, to a two-phase poroelastic rheology, where one tissue phase consists of a poroelastic cell network and the other one of a permeating extracellular fluid, which provides a feedback by actively transporting morphogens. While this model encompasses previous theories approximating tissues to inert monophasic media, such as Turing's reaction-diffusion model, it overcomes some of their key limitations permitting pattern formation via any two-species biochemical kinetics due to mechanically induced cross-diffusion flows. Moreover, we describe a qualitatively different advection-driven Keller-Segel instability which allows for the formation of patterns with a single morphogen and whose fundamental mode pattern robustly scales with tissue size. We discuss the potential relevance of these findings for tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Recho
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Adrien Hallou
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom;
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, United Kingdom
| | - Edouard Hannezo
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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45
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Vortex Dynamics in Trabeculated Embryonic Ventricles. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6010006. [PMID: 30678229 PMCID: PMC6463151 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper heart morphogenesis requires a delicate balance between hemodynamic forces, myocardial activity, morphogen gradients, and epigenetic signaling, all of which are coupled with genetic regulatory networks. Recently both in vivo and in silico studies have tried to better understand hemodynamics at varying stages of veretebrate cardiogenesis. In particular, the intracardial hemodynamics during the onset of trabeculation is notably complex—the inertial and viscous fluid forces are approximately equal at this stage and small perturbations in morphology, scale, and steadiness of the flow can lead to significant changes in bulk flow structures, shear stress distributions, and chemical morphogen gradients. The immersed boundary method was used to numerically simulate fluid flow through simplified two-dimensional and stationary trabeculated ventricles of 72, 80, and 120 h post fertilization wild type zebrafish embryos and ErbB2-inhibited embryos at seven days post fertilization. A 2D idealized trabeculated ventricular model was also used to map the bifurcations in flow structure that occur as a result of the unsteadiness of flow, trabeculae height, and fluid scale (Re). Vortex formation occurred in intertrabecular regions for biologically relevant parameter spaces, wherein flow velocities increased. This indicates that trabecular morphology may alter intracardial flow patterns and hence ventricular shear stresses and morphogen gradients. A potential implication of this work is that the onset of vortical (disturbed) flows can upregulate Notch1 expression in endothelial cells in vivo and hence impacts chamber morphogenesis, valvulogenesis, and the formation of the trabeculae themselves. Our results also highlight the sensitivity of cardiac flow patterns to changes in morphology and blood rheology, motivating efforts to obtain spatially and temporally resolved chamber geometries and kinematics as well as the careful measurement of the embryonic blood rheology. The results also suggest that there may be significant changes in shear signalling due to morphological and mechanical variation across individuals and species.
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Abstract
Heart formation involves a complex series of tissue rearrangements, during which regions of the developing organ expand, bend, converge, and protrude in order to create the specific shapes of important cardiac components. Much of this morphogenesis takes place while cardiac function is underway, with blood flowing through the rapidly contracting chambers. Fluid forces are therefore likely to influence the regulation of cardiac morphogenesis, but it is not yet clear how these biomechanical cues direct specific cellular behaviors. In recent years, the optical accessibility and genetic amenability of zebrafish embryos have facilitated unique opportunities to integrate the analysis of flow parameters with the molecular and cellular dynamics underlying cardiogenesis. Consequently, we are making progress toward a comprehensive view of the biomechanical regulation of cardiac chamber emergence, atrioventricular canal differentiation, and ventricular trabeculation. In this review, we highlight a series of studies in zebrafish that have provided new insight into how cardiac function can shape cardiac morphology, with a particular focus on how hemodynamics can impact cardiac cell behavior. Over the long-term, this knowledge will undoubtedly guide our consideration of the potential causes of congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Sidhwani
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Deborah Yelon
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
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47
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Battista NA, Lane AN, Liu J, Miller LA. Fluid dynamics in heart development: effects of hematocrit and trabeculation. MATHEMATICAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE IMA 2018; 35:493-516. [PMID: 29161412 PMCID: PMC7970531 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqx018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent in vivo experiments have illustrated the importance of understanding the haemodynamics of heart morphogenesis. In particular, ventricular trabeculation is governed by a delicate interaction between haemodynamic forces, myocardial activity, and morphogen gradients, all of which are coupled to genetic regulatory networks. The underlying haemodynamics at the stage of development in which the trabeculae form is particularly complex, given the balance between inertial and viscous forces. Small perturbations in the geometry, scale, and steadiness of the flow can lead to changes in the overall flow structures and chemical morphogen gradients, including the local direction of flow, the transport of morphogens, and the formation of vortices. The immersed boundary method was used to solve the two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction problem of fluid flow moving through a two chambered heart of a zebrafish (Danio rerio), with a trabeculated ventricle, at 96 hours post fertilization (hpf). Trabeculae heights and hematocrit were varied, and simulations were conducted for two orders of magnitude of Womersley number, extending beyond the biologically relevant range (0.2-12.0). Both intracardial and intertrabecular vortices formed in the ventricle for biologically relevant parameter values. The bifurcation from smooth streaming flow to vortical flow depends upon the trabeculae geometry, hematocrit, and Womersley number, $Wo$. This work shows the importance of hematocrit and geometry in determining the bulk flow patterns in the heart at this stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Battista
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ 08628, USA, Department of Mathematics, CB 3250, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA and Department of Biology, 3280, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Andrea N. Lane
- Department of Mathematics, CB 3250, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA and Department of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jiandong Liu
- McAllister Heart Institute, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura A. Miller
- Department of Mathematics, CB 3250, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA and Department of Biology, 3280, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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48
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Comparative transcriptomics of shear stress treated Pkd1−/− cells and pre-cystic kidneys reveals pathways involved in early polycystic kidney disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1123-1134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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49
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Asaro RJ, Zhu Q, Cabrales P. Erythrocyte Aging, Protection via Vesiculation: An Analysis Methodology via Oscillatory Flow. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1607. [PMID: 30505281 PMCID: PMC6250888 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that erythrocyte deformations, specifically of a type as occur in splenic flow (Zhu et al., 2017), and of the type that promote vesiculation can be caused by simple, yet tailored, oscillatory shear flow. We show that such oscillatory shear flow provides an ideal environment to explore a wide variety of metabolic and biochemical effects that promote erythrocyte vesiculation. Deformation details, typical of splenic flow, such as in-folding and implications for membrane/skeleton interaction are demonstrated and quantitatively analyzed. We introduce a theoretical, essentially analytical, vesiculation model that directly couples to our more complex numerical, multilevel, model that clearly delineates various fundamental elements, i.e., sub-processes, that are involved and mediate the vesiculation process. This analytical model highlights particulary important vesiculation precursors such as areas of membrane/skeleton disruptions that trigger the vesiculation process. We demonstrate, using flow cytometry, that the deformations we experimentally induce on cells, and numerically simulate, do not induce lethal forms of cell damage but do induce vesiculation as theoretically forecasted. This, we demonstrate, provides a direct link to cell membrane/skeletal damage such as is associated with metabolic and aging damage. An additional noteworthy feature of this approach is the avoidance of artificial devices, e.g., micro-fluidic chambers, in which deformations and their time scales are often unrepresentative of physiological processes such as splenic flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Asaro
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Biological Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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50
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Zhang X, Jia S, Chen Z, Chong YL, Xie H, Feng D, Wu X, Song DZ, Roy S, Zhao C. Cilia-driven cerebrospinal fluid flow directs expression of urotensin neuropeptides to straighten the vertebrate body axis. Nat Genet 2018; 50:1666-1673. [DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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