1
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Folgueira C, Herrera-Melle L, López JA, Galvan-Alvarez V, Martin-Rincon M, Cuartero MI, García-Culebras A, Dumesic PA, Rodríguez E, Leiva-Vega L, León M, Porteiro B, Iglesias C, Torres JL, Hernández-Cosido L, Bonacasa C, Marcos M, Moro MÁ, Vázquez J, Calbet JAL, Spiegelman BM, Mora A, Sabio G. Remodeling p38 signaling in muscle controls locomotor activity via IL-15. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn5993. [PMID: 39141732 PMCID: PMC11323882 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn5993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has gained recognition as an endocrine organ releasing myokines upon contraction during physical exercise. These myokines exert both local and pleiotropic health benefits, underscoring the crucial role of muscle function in countering obesity and contributing to the overall positive effects of exercise on health. Here, we found that exercise activates muscle p38γ, increasing locomotor activity through the secretion of interleukin-15 (IL-15). IL-15 signals in the motor cortex, stimulating locomotor activity. This activation of muscle p38γ, leading to an increase locomotor activity, plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of diabetes and liver steatosis, unveiling a vital muscle-brain communication pathway with profound clinical implications. The correlation between p38γ activation in human muscle during acute exercise and increased blood IL-15 levels highlights the potential therapeutic relevance of this pathway in treating obesity and metabolic diseases. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular basis of exercise-induced myokine responses promoting physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Folgueira
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Antonio López
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - María Isabel Cuartero
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia García-Culebras
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Phillip A. Dumesic
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Department of Cell Biology, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elena Rodríguez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Leiva-Vega
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta León
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Porteiro
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Iglesias
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Lourdes Hernández-Cosido
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Clara Bonacasa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Moro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A. L. Calbet
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bruce M. Spiegelman
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Department of Cell Biology, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alfonso Mora
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
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Sarg NH, Zaher DM, Abu Jayab NN, Mostafa SH, Ismail HH, Omar HA. The interplay of p38 MAPK signaling and mitochondrial metabolism, a dynamic target in cancer and pathological contexts. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116307. [PMID: 38797269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular metabolism and bioenergetics, orchestrating various cellular processes, including energy production, metabolism, adaptation to stress, and redox balance. Besides, mitochondria regulate cellular metabolic homeostasis through coordination with multiple signaling pathways. Importantly, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is a key player in the intricate communication with mitochondria, influencing various functions. This review explores the multifaced interaction between the mitochondria and p38 MAPK signaling and the consequent impact on metabolic alterations. Overall, the p38 MAPK pathway governs the activities of key mitochondrial proteins, which are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, thermogenesis, and iron homeostasis. Additionally, p38 MAPK contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial responses to oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by cancer therapies or natural substances by coordinating with other pathways responsible for energy homeostasis. Therefore, dysregulation of these interconnected pathways can lead to various pathologies characterized by aberrant metabolism. Consequently, gaining a deeper understanding of the interaction between mitochondria and the p38 MAPK pathway and their implications presents exciting forecasts for novel therapeutic interventions in cancer and other disorders characterized by metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadin H Sarg
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana M Zaher
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nour N Abu Jayab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salma H Mostafa
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussein H Ismail
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A Omar
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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3
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Zhou Y, Zhang X, Baker JS, Davison GW, Yan X. Redox signaling and skeletal muscle adaptation during aerobic exercise. iScience 2024; 27:109643. [PMID: 38650987 PMCID: PMC11033207 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox regulation is a fundamental physiological phenomenon related to oxygen-dependent metabolism, and skeletal muscle is mainly regarded as a primary site for oxidative phosphorylation. Several studies have revealed the importance of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in the signaling process relating to muscle adaptation during exercise. To date, improving knowledge of redox signaling in modulating exercise adaptation has been the subject of comprehensive work and scientific inquiry. The primary aim of this review is to elucidate the molecular and biochemical pathways aligned to RONS as activators of skeletal muscle adaptation and to further identify the interconnecting mechanisms controlling redox balance. We also discuss the RONS-mediated pathways during the muscle adaptive process, including mitochondrial biogenesis, muscle remodeling, vascular angiogenesis, neuron regeneration, and the role of exogenous antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingsong Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Wealth Management, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, China
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Gareth W. Davison
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 IED, UK
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Ma J, Wang PY, Zhuang J, Son AY, Karius AK, Syed AM, Nishi M, Wu Z, Mori MP, Kim YC, Hwang PM. CHCHD4-TRIAP1 regulation of innate immune signaling mediates skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113626. [PMID: 38157298 PMCID: PMC10851177 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise training can stimulate the formation of fatty-acid-oxidizing slow-twitch skeletal muscle fibers, which are inversely correlated with obesity, but the molecular mechanism underlying this transformation requires further elucidation. Here, we report that the downregulation of the mitochondrial disulfide relay carrier CHCHD4 by exercise training decreases the import of TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1) into mitochondria, which can reduce cardiolipin levels and promote VDAC oligomerization in skeletal muscle. VDAC oligomerization, known to facilitate mtDNA release, can activate cGAS-STING/NFKB innate immune signaling and downregulate MyoD in skeletal muscle, thereby promoting the formation of oxidative slow-twitch fibers. In mice, CHCHD4 haploinsufficiency is sufficient to activate this pathway, leading to increased oxidative muscle fibers and decreased fat accumulation with aging. The identification of a specific mediator regulating muscle fiber transformation provides an opportunity to understand further the molecular underpinnings of complex metabolic conditions such as obesity and could have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ma
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ping-Yuan Wang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Annie Y Son
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander K Karius
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Abu Mohammad Syed
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Masahiro Nishi
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhichao Wu
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mateus P Mori
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Young-Chae Kim
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul M Hwang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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5
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Ng GYQ, Loh ZWL, Fann DY, Mallilankaraman K, Arumugam TV, Hande MP. Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Pathways in Metabolic Diseases. Genome Integr 2024; 15:e20230003. [PMID: 38770527 PMCID: PMC11102075 DOI: 10.14293/genint.14.1.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Physiological processes that govern the normal functioning of mammalian cells are regulated by a myriad of signalling pathways. Mammalian mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases constitute one of the major signalling arms and have been broadly classified into four groups that include extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and ERK5. Each signalling cascade is governed by a wide array of external and cellular stimuli, which play a critical part in mammalian cells in the regulation of various key responses, such as mitogenic growth, differentiation, stress responses, as well as inflammation. This evolutionarily conserved MAP kinase signalling arm is also important for metabolic maintenance, which is tightly coordinated via complicated mechanisms that include the intricate interaction of scaffold proteins, recognition through cognate motifs, action of phosphatases, distinct subcellular localisation, and even post-translational modifications. Aberration in the signalling pathway itself or their regulation has been implicated in the disruption of metabolic homeostasis, which provides a pathophysiological foundation in the development of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is an umbrella term that usually includes a group of closely associated metabolic diseases such as hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, and hypertension. These risk factors exacerbate the development of obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and hepatic diseases, which have accounted for an increase in the worldwide morbidity and mortality rate. This review aims to summarise recent findings that have implicated MAP kinase signalling in the development of metabolic diseases, highlighting the potential therapeutic targets of this pathway to be investigated further for the attenuation of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Yong Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zachary Wai-Loon Loh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Y. Fann
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karthik Mallilankaraman
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Marcotte GR, Miller MJ, Kunz HE, Ryan ZC, Strub MD, Vanderboom PM, Heppelmann CJ, Chau S, Von Ruff ZD, Kilroe SP, McKeen AT, Dierdorff JM, Stern JI, Nath KA, Grueter CE, Lira VA, Judge AR, Rasmussen BB, Nair KS, Lanza IR, Ebert SM, Adams CM. GADD45A is a mediator of mitochondrial loss, atrophy, and weakness in skeletal muscle. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e171772. [PMID: 37815864 PMCID: PMC10721312 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and many illnesses and injuries impair skeletal muscle mass and function, but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. To better understand the mechanisms, we generated and studied transgenic mice with skeletal muscle-specific expression of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible α (GADD45A), a signaling protein whose expression in skeletal muscle rises during aging and a wide range of illnesses and injuries. We found that GADD45A induced several cellular changes that are characteristic of skeletal muscle atrophy, including a reduction in skeletal muscle mitochondria and oxidative capacity, selective atrophy of glycolytic muscle fibers, and paradoxical expression of oxidative myosin heavy chains despite mitochondrial loss. These cellular changes were at least partly mediated by MAP kinase kinase kinase 4, a protein kinase that is directly activated by GADD45A. By inducing these changes, GADD45A decreased the mass of muscles that are enriched in glycolytic fibers, and it impaired strength, specific force, and endurance exercise capacity. Furthermore, as predicted by data from mouse models, we found that GADD45A expression in skeletal muscle was associated with muscle weakness in humans. Collectively, these findings identify GADD45A as a mediator of mitochondrial loss, atrophy, and weakness in mouse skeletal muscle and a potential target for muscle weakness in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R. Marcotte
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Matthew J. Miller
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Hawley E. Kunz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zachary C. Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matthew D. Strub
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Patrick M. Vanderboom
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carrie J. Heppelmann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sarah Chau
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Sean P. Kilroe
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew T. McKeen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | | | - Karl A. Nath
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew R. Judge
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Blake B. Rasmussen
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - K. Sreekumaran Nair
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ian R. Lanza
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Scott M. Ebert
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher M. Adams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Emmyon, Inc., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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7
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Yang C, Wu L, Guo Y, Li Y, Deng M, Liu D, Liu G, Sun B. Expression profile and bioinformatics analysis of circRNA and its associated ceRNA networks in longissimus dorsi from Lufeng cattle and Leiqiong cattle. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:499. [PMID: 37644462 PMCID: PMC10466722 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the role of circRNA expression profiles and circRNA-associated ceRNA networks in the regulation of myogenesis in the longissimus dorsi of cattle breeds surviving under subtropical conditions in southern China by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. It also aims to provide comprehensive understanding of the differences in muscle fibers in subtropical cattle breeds and to expand the knowledge of the molecular networks that regulate myogenesis. With regard to meat quality indicators, results showed that the longissimus dorsi of LQC had lower pH (P < 0.0001), lower redness (P < 0.01), lower shear force (P < 0.05), and higher brightness (P < 0.05) than the longissimus dorsi of LFC. With regard to muscle fiber characteristics, the longissimus dorsi of LQC had a smaller diameter (P < 0.0001) and higher density of muscle fibers (P < 0.05). The analysis results show that the function of many circRNA-targeted mRNAs was related to myogenesis and metabolic regulation. Furthermore, in the analysis of the function of circRNA source genes, we hypothesized that btacirc_00497 and btacirc_034497 may regulate the function and type of myofibrils by affecting the expression of MYH6, MYH7, and NEB through competitive linear splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Longfei Wu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaokun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ming Deng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Baoli Sun
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Dent JR, Stocks B, Campelj DG, Philp A. Transient changes to metabolic homeostasis initiate mitochondrial adaptation to endurance exercise. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 143:3-16. [PMID: 35351374 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endurance exercise is well established to increase mitochondrial content and function in skeletal muscle, a process termed mitochondrial biogenesis. Current understanding is that exercise initiates skeletal muscle mitochondrial remodeling via modulation of cellular nutrient, energetic and contractile stress pathways. These subtle changes in the cellular milieu are sensed by numerous transduction pathways that serve to initiate and coordinate an increase in mitochondrial gene transcription and translation. The result of these acute signaling events is the promotion of growth and assembly of mitochondria, coupled to a greater capacity for aerobic ATP provision in skeletal muscle. The aim of this review is to highlight the acute metabolic events induced by endurance exercise and the subsequent molecular pathways that sense this transient change in cellular homeostasis to drive mitochondrial adaptation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Dent
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ben Stocks
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dean G Campelj
- Mitochondrial Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Healthy Ageing Research Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Philp
- Mitochondrial Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Healthy Ageing Research Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Medical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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9
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Qi XM, Chen G. p38γ MAPK Inflammatory and Metabolic Signaling in Physiology and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:1674. [PMID: 37443708 PMCID: PMC10341180 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
p38γ MAPK (also called ERK6 or SAPK3) is a family member of stress-activated MAPKs and has common and specific roles as compared to other p38 proteins in signal transduction. Recent studies showed that, in addition to inflammation, p38γ metabolic signaling is involved in physiological exercise and in pathogenesis of cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target. p38γphosphorylates at least 19 substrates through which p38γ activity is further modified to regulate life-important cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and transformation, thereby impacting biological outcomes of p38γ-driven pathogenesis. P38γ signaling is characterized by its unique reciprocal regulation with its specific phosphatase PTPH1 and by its direct binding to promoter DNAs, leading to transcriptional activation of targets including cancer-like stem cell drivers. This paper will review recent findings about p38γ inflammation and metabolic signaling in physiology and diseases. Moreover, we will discuss the progress in the development of p38γ-specific pharmacological inhibitors for therapeutic intervention in disease prevention and treatment by targeting the p38γ signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Qi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Guan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Research Service, Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA
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10
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García-Flores N, Jiménez-Suárez J, Garnés-García C, Fernández-Aroca DM, Sabater S, Andrés I, Fernández-Aramburo A, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Belandia B, Sanchez-Prieto R, Cimas FJ. P38 MAPK and Radiotherapy: Foes or Friends? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:861. [PMID: 36765819 PMCID: PMC9913882 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, the study of the cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR) has increased exponentially. Among the various signaling pathways affected by IR, p38 MAPK has been shown to be activated both in vitro and in vivo, with involvement in key processes triggered by IR-mediated genotoxic insult, such as the cell cycle, apoptosis or senescence. However, we do not yet have a definitive clue about the role of p38 MAPK in terms of radioresistance/sensitivity and its potential use to improve current radiotherapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on this family of MAPKs in response to IR as well as in different aspects related to radiotherapy, such as their role in the control of REDOX, fibrosis, and in the radiosensitizing effect of several compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia García-Flores
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Jaime Jiménez-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Cristina Garnés-García
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Diego M. Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Sebastia Sabater
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Ignacio Andrés
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Aramburo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - María José Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Borja Belandia
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sanchez-Prieto
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Cimas
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
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11
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Duodenal Metabolic Profile Changes in Heat-Stressed Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111337. [PMID: 35681802 PMCID: PMC9179521 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Heat stress (HS) represents an environmental and socio-economic burden to the poultry industry worldwide. However, the underpinning mechanisms for HS responses are still not well defined. Here, we used a high-throughput analysis to determine the metabolite profiles in acute and chronic heat-stressed broilers in comparison with thermoneutral and pair-fed birds. The results showed that HS altered several duodenal metabolites in a duration-dependent manner and identified potential metabolite signatures. Abstract Heat stress (HS) is devastating to poultry production sustainability worldwide. In addition to its adverse effects on growth, welfare, meat quality, and mortality, HS alters the gut integrity, leading to dysbiosis and leaky gut syndrome; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully defined. Here, we used a high-throughput mass spectrometric metabolomics approach to probe the metabolite profile in the duodenum of modern broilers exposed to acute (AHS, 2 h) or chronic cyclic (CHS, 8 h/day for 2 weeks) HS in comparison with thermoneutral (TN) and pair-fed birds. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS) identified a total of 178 known metabolites. The trajectory analysis of the principal component analysis (PCA) score plots (both 2D and 3D maps) showed clear separation between TN and each treated group, indicating a unique duodenal metabolite profile in HS birds. Within the HS groups, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) displayed different clusters when comparing metabolite profiles from AHS and CHS birds, suggesting that the metabolite signatures were also dependent on HS duration. To gain biologically related molecule networks, the above identified duodenal metabolites were mapped into the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) knowledge-base and analyzed to outline the most enriched biological functions. Several common and specific top canonical pathways were generated. Specifically, the adenosine nucleotide degradation and dopamine degradation pathways were specific for the AHS group; however, the UDP-D-xylose and UDP-D-glucuronate biosynthesis pathways were generated only for the CHS group. The top diseases enriched by the IPA core analysis for the DA metabolites, including cancer, organismal (GI) injury, hematological, cardiovascular, developmental, hereditary, and neurological disorders, were group-specific. The top altered molecular and cellular functions were amino acid metabolism, molecular transport, small molecule biochemistry, protein synthesis, cell death and survival, and DNA damage and repair. The IPA-causal network predicted that the upstream regulators (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B, CPT1B; histone deacetylase 11, HDAC11; carbonic anhydrase 9, CA9; interleukin 37, IL37; glycine N-methyl transferase, GNMT; GATA4) and the downstream mediators (mitogen-activated protein kinases, MAPKs; superoxide dismutase, SOD) were altered in the HS groups. Taken together, these data showed that, independently of feed intake depression, HS induced significant changes in the duodenal metabolite profile in a duration-dependent manner and identified a potential duodenal signature for HS.
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12
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Mitochondrial Plasticity Promotes Resistance to Sorafenib and Vulnerability to STAT3 Inhibition in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236029. [PMID: 34885140 PMCID: PMC8657239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Enhanced expression of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins and marked reprogramming of the mitochondrial network are associated with sorafenib resistance in human cell lines and hepatocarcinoma patients, providing novel actionable targets for increasing therapeutic efficacy. Abstract The multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib is a primary treatment modality for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the therapeutic benefits are short-lived due to innate and acquired resistance. Here, we examined how HCC cells respond to sorafenib and adapt to continuous and prolonged exposure to the drug. Sorafenib-adapted HCC cells show a profound reprogramming of mitochondria function and marked activation of genes required for mitochondrial protein translation and biogenesis. Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins and components of translation and import machinery are increased in sorafenib-resistant cells and sorafenib-refractory HCC patients show similar alterations. Sorafenib-adapted cells also exhibited increased serine 727 phosphorylated (pSer727) STAT3, the prevalent form in mitochondria, suggesting that STAT3 might be an actionable target to counteract resistance. Consistently, a small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor reduces pSer727, reverts mitochondrial alterations, and enhances the response to sorafenib in resistant cells. These results sustain the importance of mitochondria plasticity in response to sorafenib and identify a clinically actionable strategy for improving the treatment efficacy in HCC patients.
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13
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Huwatibieke B, Yin W, Liu L, Jin Y, Xiang X, Han J, Zhang W, Li Y. Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Regulates Mitochondrial Quality Control of Brown Adipocytes in Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:638352. [PMID: 34335285 PMCID: PMC8317026 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.638352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important protein kinase that senses changes in extracellular and intracellular energy levels and plays a key role in regulating energy metabolism. Brown adipose tissue, which can be converted to white adipose tissue, contains a large number of mitochondria and regulates energy expenditure through thermogenesis. Because obesity is a process of fat accumulation due to chronic excessive energy intake, we attempted to determine whether the mTOR signaling pathway can affect the mitochondrial quality control of brown adipocytes through sensing energy status, thereby regulating brown/white adipocyte transformation. In the present study, through activation or inhibition of mTOR signaling, we detected mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and autophagy-related markers in brown adipocytes. We found that activation of mTOR signaling downregulated the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and autophagy-relevant markers and inhibited the mitochondrial quality control of brown adipocytes, indicating a phenotypic transformation of brown to white adipocytes. In contrast, inhibition of mTOR signaling upregulated the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy-relevant markers and strengthened mitochondrial quality control, suggesting an inhibition of the phenotypic transformation of brown to white adipocytes. In conclusion, the mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in modulating the transformation of adipocytes by regulating mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahetiyaer Huwatibieke
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhen Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingchao Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, China
| | - Jingyan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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14
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Abstract
Exercise stimulates the biogenesis of mitochondria in muscle. Some literature supports the use of pharmaceuticals to enhance mitochondria as a substitute for exercise. We provide evidence that exercise rejuvenates mitochondrial function, thereby augmenting muscle health with age, in disease, and in the absence of cellular regulators. This illustrates the power of exercise to act as mitochondrial medicine in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Oliveira
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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15
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Abstract
Obesity is a health condition that has reached pandemic levels and is implicated in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer and heart failure. A key characteristic of obesity is the activation of stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs), such as the p38 and JNK stress kinases, in several organs, including adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, immune organs and the central nervous system. The correct timing, intensity and duration of SAPK activation contributes to cellular metabolic adaptation. By contrast, uncontrolled SAPK activation has been proposed to contribute to the complications of obesity. The stress kinase signalling pathways have therefore been identified as potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for metabolic syndrome. The past few decades have seen intense research efforts to determine how these kinases are regulated in a cell-specific manner and to define their contribution to the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Several studies have uncovered new and unexpected functions of the non-classical members of both pathways. Here, we provide an overview of the role of SAPKs in metabolic control and highlight important discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Nikolic
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Leiva
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Vind AC, Genzor AV, Bekker-Jensen S. Ribosomal stress-surveillance: three pathways is a magic number. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:10648-10661. [PMID: 32941609 PMCID: PMC7641731 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells rely on stress response pathways to uphold cellular homeostasis and limit the negative effects of harmful environmental stimuli. The stress- and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, p38 and JNK, are at the nexus of numerous stress responses, among these the ribotoxic stress response (RSR). Ribosomal impairment is detrimental to cell function as it disrupts protein synthesis, increase inflammatory signaling and, if unresolved, lead to cell death. In this review, we offer a general overview of the three main translation surveillance pathways; the RSR, Ribosome-associated Quality Control (RQC) and the Integrated Stress Response (ISR). We highlight recent advances made in defining activation mechanisms for these pathways and discuss their commonalities and differences. Finally, we reflect on the physiological role of the RSR and consider the therapeutic potential of targeting the sensing kinase ZAKα for treatment of ribotoxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Constance Vind
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aitana Victoria Genzor
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Bekker-Jensen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Kim S, Park J, Shin J, You Y, Kim OK, Lee J, Chung JW, Shim S, Kim K, Jun W. Ethanolic Extract of Vaccinium corymbosum Alleviates Muscle Fatigue in Mice. J Med Food 2020; 23:1225-1229. [PMID: 33170760 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ethanol extracts of Vaccinium corymbosum (VCE) on exercise-induced fatigue in mice. Mice were randomly divided into three groups; nonexercise control group (CON), exercise control group (Ex-CON), and exercise and VCE supplementation group (Ex-VCE). Compared with Ex-CON, Ex-VCE showed increased endurance exercise capacity on day 21. In Ex-VCE mice, the accumulation of lactate was inhibited and the consumption of fatty acids was enhanced, indicating the delay of muscle fatigue. In addition, VCE supplementation elevated mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial biogenesis-associated genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-1γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor (NRF), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) and fatty acid β-oxidation-associated genes such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), β-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (β-HAD), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPAR-δ). These results suggest that VCE can potentially prevent muscle fatigue by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintae Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeongjin Park
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jinseop Shin
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yanghee You
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jin Woong Chung
- Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sangin Shim
- Division of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kyungmi Kim
- Department of Biofood Analysis, Bio Campus of Korea Polytechnic, Ganggyung, Korea
| | - Woojin Jun
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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18
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Asih PR, Prikas E, Stefanoska K, Tan ARP, Ahel HI, Ittner A. Functions of p38 MAP Kinases in the Central Nervous System. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:570586. [PMID: 33013322 PMCID: PMC7509416 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.570586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are a central component in signaling networks in a multitude of mammalian cell types. This review covers recent advances on specific functions of p38 MAP kinases in cells of the central nervous system. Unique and specific functions of the four mammalian p38 kinases are found in all major cell types in the brain. Mechanisms of p38 activation and downstream phosphorylation substrates in these different contexts are outlined and how they contribute to functions of p38 in physiological and under disease conditions. Results in different model organisms demonstrated that p38 kinases are involved in cognitive functions, including functions related to anxiety, addiction behavior, neurotoxicity, neurodegeneration, and decision making. Finally, the role of p38 kinases in psychiatric and neurological conditions and the current progress on therapeutic inhibitors targeting p38 kinases are covered and implicate p38 kinases in a multitude of CNS-related physiological and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prita R Asih
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Prikas
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristie Stefanoska
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda R P Tan
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly I Ahel
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Arne Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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19
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p38 MAPK in Glucose Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle: Beneficial or Harmful? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186480. [PMID: 32899870 PMCID: PMC7555282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles respond to environmental and physiological changes by varying their size, fiber type, and metabolic properties. P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is one of several signaling pathways that drive the metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle to exercise. p38 MAPK also participates in the development of pathological traits resulting from excessive caloric intake and obesity that cause metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whereas p38 MAPK increases insulin-independent glucose uptake and oxidative metabolism in muscles during exercise, it contrastingly mediates insulin resistance and glucose intolerance during metabolic syndrome development. This article provides an overview of the apparent contradicting roles of p38 MAPK in the adaptation of skeletal muscles to exercise and to pathological conditions leading to glucose intolerance and T2D. Here, we focus on the involvement of p38 MAPK in glucose metabolism of skeletal muscle, and discuss the possibility of targeting this pathway to prevent the development of T2D.
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20
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Ittner A, Asih PR, Tan ARP, Prikas E, Bertz J, Stefanoska K, Lin Y, Volkerling AM, Ke YD, Delerue F, Ittner LM. Reduction of advanced tau-mediated memory deficits by the MAP kinase p38γ. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 140:279-294. [PMID: 32725265 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperphosphorylation of the neuronal tau protein contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) by promoting tau pathology and neuronal and cognitive deficits. In contrast, we have previously shown that site-specific tau phosphorylation can inhibit toxic signals induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) in mouse models. The post-synaptic mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase p38γ mediates this site-specific phosphorylation on tau at Threonine-205 (T205). Using a gene therapeutic approach, we draw on this neuroprotective mechanism to improve memory in two Aβ-dependent mouse models of AD at stages when advanced memory deficits are present. Increasing activity of post-synaptic kinase p38γ that targets T205 in tau reduced memory deficits in symptomatic Aβ-induced AD models. Reconstitution experiments with wildtype human tau or phosphorylation-deficient tauT205A showed that T205 modification is critical for downstream effects of p38γ that prevent memory impairment in APP-transgenic mice. Furthermore, genome editing of the T205 codon in the murine Mapt gene showed that this single side chain in endogenous tau critically modulates memory deficits in APP-transgenic Alzheimer's mice. Ablating the protective effect of p38γ activity by genetic p38γ deletion in a tau transgenic mouse model that expresses non-pathogenic tau rendered tau toxic and resulted in impaired memory function in the absence of human Aβ. Thus, we propose that modulating neuronal p38γ activity serves as an intrinsic tau-dependent therapeutic approach to augment compromised cognition in advanced dementia.
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21
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Roy A, Sharma AK, Nellore K, Narkar VA, Kumar A. TAK1 preserves skeletal muscle mass and mitochondrial function through redox homeostasis. FASEB Bioadv 2020; 2:538-553. [PMID: 32923988 PMCID: PMC7475301 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is debilitating consequence of a large number of chronic disease states, aging, and disuse conditions. Skeletal muscle mass is regulated through coordinated activation of a number of signaling cascades. Transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a central kinase that mediates the activation of multiple signaling pathways in response to various growth factors, cytokines, and microbial products. Accumulating evidence suggests that TAK1 promotes skeletal muscle growth and essential for the maintenance of muscle mass in adults. Targeted inactivation of TAK1 leads to severe muscle wasting and kyphosis in mice. However, the mechanisms by which TAK1 prevents loss of muscle mass remain poorly understood. Through generation of inducible skeletal muscle-specific Tak1-knockout mice, we demonstrate that targeted ablation of TAK1 disrupts redox signaling leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and loss of skeletal muscle mass and contractile function. Suppression of oxidative stress using Trolox improves muscle contractile function and inhibits the activation of catabolic signaling pathways in Tak1-deficient muscle. Moreover, Trolox inhibits the activation of ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy markers in skeletal muscle of Tak1-deficient mice. Furthermore, inhibition of oxidative stress using Trolox prevents the slow-to-fast type fiber transition and improves mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle of Tak1-deficient mice. Overall, our results demonstrate that TAK1 maintains skeletal muscle mass and health through redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Roy
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and NeurobiologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Houston College of PharmacyHoustonTXUSA
| | - Aditya K. Sharma
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and NeurobiologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Houston College of PharmacyHoustonTXUSA
| | - Kushal Nellore
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and NeurobiologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Vihang A Narkar
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative DiseasesInstitute of Molecular MedicineThe University of Texas McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonTXUSA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and NeurobiologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Houston College of PharmacyHoustonTXUSA
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22
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Kassouf T, Sumara G. Impact of Conventional and Atypical MAPKs on the Development of Metabolic Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091256. [PMID: 32872540 PMCID: PMC7563211 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) consists of fourteen members and has been implicated in regulation of virtually all cellular processes. MAPKs are divided into two groups, conventional and atypical MAPKs. Conventional MAPKs are further classified into four sub-families: extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1, 2 and 3), p38 (α, β, γ, δ), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5). Four kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3, 4, and 7 (ERK3, 4 and 7) as well as Nemo-like kinase (NLK) build a group of atypical MAPKs, which are activated by different upstream mechanisms than conventional MAPKs. Early studies identified JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 as well as p38α as a central mediators of inflammation-evoked insulin resistance. These kinases have been also implicated in the development of obesity and diabetes. Recently, other members of conventional MAPKs emerged as important mediators of liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreatic β-cell metabolism. Moreover, latest studies indicate that atypical members of MAPK family play a central role in the regulation of adipose tissue function. In this review, we summarize early studies on conventional MAPKs as well as recent findings implicating previously ignored members of the MAPK family. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of drugs targeting specific members of the MAPK family.
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Bao H, Sin TK, Zhang G. Activin A induces tumorigenesis of leiomyoma via regulation of p38β MAPK-mediated signal cascade. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:379-385. [PMID: 32703439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the role of p38-C/EBPβ signaling in leiomyoma cells and myometrial cells challenged with Activin A, and to identify specifically the isoform of p38 MAPK that mediates the effects of Activin A. METHODS The immortalization human leiomyoma cells (HuLM) and human myometrial cells (HM), and mouse myometrial tissues were treated with Activin A (4 nM) in response to p38α/β inhibition (10 μM SB202190) or depletion (p38 α/β-targeting siRNA or p38β muscle specific-knock out mice). p38 MAPK signaling molecules (p-p38 and p-C/EBPβ) and ECM components (COL1A1 and/or FN) were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS Activin A induced ECM accumulation in leiomyoma cells and myofibroblastic transformation in myometrical cells specifically by p38β MAPK. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that activation of C/EBPβ by p38β MAPK may contribute to tumorigenesis and progression of Activin A-induced leiomyoma. Specific p38β inhibition may represent a novel and promising intervention for leiomyoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Bao
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Thomas K Sin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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24
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Wang F, Qi XM, Wertz R, Mortensen M, Hagen C, Evans J, Sheinin Y, James M, Liu P, Tsai S, Thomas J, Mackinnon A, Dwinell M, Myers CR, Bartrons Bach R, Fu L, Chen G. p38γ MAPK Is Essential for Aerobic Glycolysis and Pancreatic Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3251-3264. [PMID: 32580961 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
KRAS is mutated in most pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and yet remains undruggable. Here, we report that p38γ MAPK, which promotes PDAC tumorigenesis by linking KRAS signaling and aerobic glycolysis (also called the Warburg effect), is a novel therapeutic target. p38γ interacted with a glycolytic activator PFKFB3 that was dependent on mutated KRAS. KRAS transformation and overexpression of p38γ increased expression of PFKFB3 and glucose transporter GLUT2, conversely, silencing mutant KRAS, and p38γ decreased PFKFB3 and GLUT2 expression. p38γ phosphorylated PFKFB3 at S467, stabilized PFKFB3, and promoted their interaction with GLUT2. Pancreatic knockout of p38γ decreased p-PFKFB3/PFKFB3/GLUT2 protein levels, reduced aerobic glycolysis, and inhibited PDAC tumorigenesis in KPC mice. PFKFB3 and GLUT2 depended on p38γ to stimulate glycolysis and PDAC growth and p38γ required PFKFB3/S467 to promote these activities. A p38γ inhibitor cooperated with a PFKFB3 inhibitor to blunt aerobic glycolysis and PDAC growth, which was dependent on p38γ. Moreover, overexpression of p38γ, p-PFKFB3, PFKFB3, and GLUT2 in PDAC predicted poor clinical prognosis. These results indicate that p38γ links KRAS oncogene signaling and aerobic glycolysis to promote pancreatic tumorigenesis through PFKFB3 and GLUT2, and that p38γ and PFKFB3 may be targeted for therapeutic intervention in PDAC. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that p38γ links KRAS oncogene signaling and the Warburg effect through PFKBF3 and Glut2 to promote pancreatic tumorigenesis, which can be disrupted via inhibition of p38γ and PFKFB3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Qi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ryan Wertz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Matthew Mortensen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Catherine Hagen
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - John Evans
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yuri Sheinin
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael James
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Susan Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - James Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Michael Dwinell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Charles R Myers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ramon Bartrons Bach
- Department de Ciencies Fisiologiques, Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liwu Fu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. .,Research Service, Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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25
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Corona BT, Rivera JC, Dalske KA, Wenke JC, Greising SM. Pharmacological Mitigation of Fibrosis in a Porcine Model of Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:636-646. [PMID: 31856683 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) resulting from extremity trauma presents functional deficits and fibrosis, ultimately manifesting disability. The extensive fibrotic accumulation is expected to interfere with neural, trophic, vascular, and mechanical connectivity of any possible regenerative medicine approaches. Our objective was to quantify the muscle properties and stiffness following injury and investigate if the fibrotic deposition could be mitigated using an antifibrotic agent; we hypothesized that antifibrotic treatment would prevent the overwhelming fibrotic response. Yorkshire Cross pigs (n = 10) were randomized to sham or a nontreated ∼20% VML injury. Immediately following surgery, injured animals were further randomized to nintedanib (Ofev; 300 mg/day) or no treatment for 30 days. Longitudinal analysis of muscle function via peroneal nerve stimulation, compartment volume, and quantitative muscle stiffness using shearwave elastography were conducted. Terminally comprehensive histopathologic, biochemical, and genetic investigations were conducted on the skeletal muscle and fibrosis. Through 4 weeks post-VML, nontreated muscles presented a significant deficit (23%) in maximal torque compared to the sham operated (p < 0.01). The stiffness in the VML defect area increased significantly (7-fold) in the VML-nontreated leg than the VML antifibrotic-treated legs by 4 weeks postinjury, which was coupled with the nontreated muscle having ∼40% more hydroxyproline per mg of tissue than those receiving antifibrotic treatment (p = 0.01). This work indicates that VML injury progressively induces fibrosis and muscle stiffness. Antifibrotic treatment can mitigate the pathologic development of fibrosis. Future work should evaluate optimal timing and duration of treatments combined with regenerative medicine approaches in efforts to improve function. Impact statement This work primarily evaluated the effect of a clinically available antifibrotic therapy (nintedanib) on the development of fibrosis after volumetric muscle loss (VML) injury in a large animal model. As a primary outcome measure of fibrosis, skeletal muscle stiffness was repeatedly measured in vivo and noninvasively using a quantitative ultrasound device with shearwave elastography capability. The most salient finding of the study is that the antifibrotic nintedanib significantly reduced the development of VML injury-induced fibrous tissue deposition and stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Corona
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas.,School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jessica C Rivera
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas.,Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopaedics, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kyle A Dalske
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Joseph C Wenke
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Sarah M Greising
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas.,School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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26
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Redox Signaling from Mitochondria: Signal Propagation and Its Targets. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010093. [PMID: 31935965 PMCID: PMC7023504 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in mass spectroscopy of posttranslational oxidative modifications has enabled researchers to experimentally verify the concept of redox signaling. We focus here on redox signaling originating from mitochondria under physiological situations, discussing mechanisms of transient redox burst in mitochondria, as well as the possible ways to transfer such redox signals to specific extramitochondrial targets. A role of peroxiredoxins is described which enables redox relay to other targets. Examples of mitochondrial redox signaling are discussed: initiation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) responses; retrograde redox signaling to PGC1α during exercise in skeletal muscle; redox signaling in innate immune cells; redox stimulation of insulin secretion, and other physiological situations.
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27
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Odeh M, Tamir‐Livne Y, Haas T, Bengal E. P38α MAPK coordinates the activities of several metabolic pathways that together induce atrophy of denervated muscles. FEBS J 2019; 287:73-93. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maali Odeh
- Department of Biochemistry Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion‐Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Yael Tamir‐Livne
- Department of Biochemistry Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion‐Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Tali Haas
- Pre‐Clinical Research Authority Technion‐Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Eyal Bengal
- Department of Biochemistry Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion‐Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
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28
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Sin TK, Zhang G, Zhang Z, Gao S, Li M, Li YP. Cancer Takes a Toll on Skeletal Muscle by Releasing Heat Shock Proteins-An Emerging Mechanism of Cancer-Induced Cachexia. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091272. [PMID: 31480237 PMCID: PMC6770863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (cancer cachexia) is a major contributor to the modality and mortality of a wide variety of solid tumors. It is estimated that cachexia inflicts approximately ~60% of all cancer patients and is the immediate cause of ~30% of all cancer-related death. However, there is no established treatment of this disorder due to the poor understanding of its underlying etiology. The key manifestations of cancer cachexia are systemic inflammation and progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function (muscle wasting). A number of inflammatory cytokines and members of the TGFβ superfamily that promote muscle protein degradation have been implicated as mediators of muscle wasting. However, clinical trials targeting some of the identified mediators have not yielded satisfactory results. Thus, the root cause of the muscle wasting associated with cancer cachexia remains to be identified. This review focuses on recent progress of laboratory studies in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cancer cachexia that centers on the role of systemic activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by cancer-released Hsp70 and Hsp90 in the development and progression of muscle wasting, and the downstream signaling pathways that activate muscle protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome pathways in response to TLR4 activation. Verification of these findings in humans could lead to etiology-based therapies of cancer cachexia by targeting multiple steps in this signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Sin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zicheng Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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29
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Jang YJ, Ahn J, Son HJ, Jung CH, Ahn J, Ha TY. Hydrangea serrata
Tea Enhances Running Endurance and Skeletal Muscle Mass. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801149. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Jang
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Jisong Ahn
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyChonbuk National University Jeonju‐si 54896 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Son
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
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30
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Brand CS, Lighthouse JK, Trembley MA. Protective transcriptional mechanisms in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:1-12. [PMID: 31042488 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several lines of evidence suggest that physical activity and exercise can pre-condition the heart to improve the response to acute cardiac injury such as myocardial infarction or ischemia/reperfusion injury, preventing the progression to heart failure. It is becoming more apparent that cardioprotection is a concerted effort between multiple cell types and converging signaling pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms of cardioprotection are not completely understood. What is clear is that the mechanisms underlying this protection involve acute activation of transcriptional activators and their corresponding gene expression programs. Here, we review the known stress-dependent transcriptional programs that are activated in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts to preserve function in the adult heart after injury. Focus is given to prominent transcriptional pathways such as mechanical stress or reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent activation of myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), and gene expression that positively regulates protective PI3K/Akt signaling. Together, these pathways modulate both beneficial and pathological responses to cardiac injury in a cell-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron S Brand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Janet K Lighthouse
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box CVRI, Rochester, NY 14624, USA.
| | - Michael A Trembley
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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31
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Boyer JG, Prasad V, Song T, Lee D, Fu X, Grimes KM, Sargent MA, Sadayappan S, Molkentin JD. ERK1/2 signaling induces skeletal muscle slow fiber-type switching and reduces muscular dystrophy disease severity. JCI Insight 2019; 5:127356. [PMID: 30964448 PMCID: PMC6542606 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling consists of an array of successively acting kinases. The extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) are major components of the greater MAPK cascade that transduce growth factor signaling at the cell membrane. Here we investigated ERK1/2 signaling in skeletal muscle homeostasis and disease. Using mouse genetics, we observed that the muscle-specific expression of a constitutively active MEK1 mutant promotes greater ERK1/2 signaling that mediates fiber-type switching to a slow, oxidative phenotype with type I myosin heavy chain expression. Using a conditional and temporally regulated Cre strategy as well as Mapk1 (ERK2) and Mapk3 (ERK1) genetically targeted mice, MEK1-ERK2 signaling was shown to underlie this fast-to-slow fiber type switching in adult skeletal muscle as well as during development. Physiologic assessment of these activated MEK1-ERK1/2 mice showed enhanced metabolic activity and oxygen consumption with greater muscle fatigue resistance. Moreover, induction of MEK1-ERK1/2 signaling increased dystrophin and utrophin protein expression in a mouse model of limb-girdle muscle dystrophy and protected myofibers from damage. In summary, sustained MEK1-ERK1/2 activity in skeletal muscle produces a fast-to-slow fiber-type switch that protects from muscular dystrophy, suggesting a therapeutic approach to enhance the metabolic effectiveness of muscle and protect from dystrophic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G Boyer
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Vikram Prasad
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Taejeong Song
- Heart Lung Vascular Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Donghoon Lee
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Xing Fu
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,AgCenter, School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kelly M Grimes
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michelle A Sargent
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Heart Lung Vascular Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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32
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Cho Y, Tachibana S, Hazen BC, Moresco JJ, Yates JR, Kok B, Saez E, Ross RS, Russell AP, Kralli A. Perm1 regulates CaMKII activation and shapes skeletal muscle responses to endurance exercise training. Mol Metab 2019; 23:88-97. [PMID: 30862473 PMCID: PMC6480336 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Endurance exercise training remodels skeletal muscle, leading to increased mitochondrial content and oxidative capacity. How exercise entrains skeletal muscle signaling pathways to induce adaptive responses remains unclear. In past studies, we identified Perm1 (PGC-1 and ERR induced regulator, muscle 1) as an exercise-induced gene and showed that Perm1 overexpression elicits similar muscle adaptations as endurance exercise training. The mechanism of action and the role of Perm1 in exercise-induced responses are not known. In this study, we aimed to determine the pathway by which Perm1 acts as well as the importance of Perm1 for acute and long-term responses to exercise. Methods We performed immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to identify Perm1 associated proteins, and validated Perm1 interactions with the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). We also knocked down Perm1 expression in gastrocnemius muscles of mice via AAV-mediated delivery of shRNA and assessed the impact of reduced Perm1 expression on both acute molecular responses to a single treadmill exercise bout and long-term adaptive responses to four weeks of voluntary wheel running training. Finally, we asked whether Perm1 levels are modulated by diet or diseases affecting skeletal muscle function. Results We show that Perm1 associates with skeletal muscle CaMKII and promotes CaMKII activation. In response to an acute exercise bout, muscles with a knock down of Perm1 showed defects in the activation of CaMKII and p38 MAPK and blunted induction of regulators of oxidative metabolism. Following four weeks of voluntary training, Perm1 knockdown muscles had attenuated mitochondrial biogenesis. Finally, we found that Perm1 expression is reduced in diet-induced obese mice and in muscular dystrophy patients and mouse models. Conclusions Our findings identify Perm1 as a muscle-specific regulator of exercise-induced signaling and Perm1 levels as tuners of the skeletal muscle response to exercise. The decreased Perm1 levels in states of obesity or muscle disease suggest that Perm1 may link pathological states to inefficient exercise responses. Perm1 interacts with CaMKII and activates the CaMKII-MEF2 pathway. Perm1 is important for CaMKII activation and PGC-1α induction by an exercise bout. In endurance training, Perm1 impacts muscle oxidative metabolism pathway responses. Skeletal muscle levels of Perm1 are reduced in obesity and muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitake Cho
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Shizuko Tachibana
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Bethany C Hazen
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - James J Moresco
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bernard Kok
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Enrique Saez
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Robert S Ross
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Aaron P Russell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anastasia Kralli
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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33
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Liu Z, Sin KWT, Ding H, Doan HA, Gao S, Miao H, Wei Y, Wang Y, Zhang G, Li YP. p38β MAPK mediates ULK1-dependent induction of autophagy in skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. Cell Stress 2018; 2:311-324. [PMID: 31225455 PMCID: PMC6551802 DOI: 10.15698/cst2018.11.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting is the key manifestation of cancer-associated cachexia, a lethal metabolic disorder seen in over 50% of cancer patients. Autophagy is activated in cachectic muscle of cancer hosts along with the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP), contributing to accelerated protein degradation and muscle wasting. However, established signaling mechanism that activates autophagy in response to fasting or denervation does not seem to mediate cancer-provoked autophagy in skeletal myocytes. Here, we show that p38β MAPK mediates autophagy activation in cachectic muscle of tumor-bearing mice via novel mechanisms. Complementary genetic and pharmacological manipulations reveal that activation of p38β MAPK, but not p38α MAPK, is necessary and sufficient for Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-induced autophagy activation in skeletal muscle cells. Particularly, muscle-specific knockout of p38β MAPK abrogates LLC tumor-induced activation of autophagy and UPP, sparing tumor-bearing mice from muscle wasting. Mechanistically, p38β MAPK-mediated activation of transcription factor C/EBPβ is required for LLC-induced autophagy activation, and upregulation of autophagy-related genes LC3b and Gabarapl1. Surprisingly, ULK1 activation (phosphorylation at S555) by cancer requires p38β MAPK, rather than AMPK. Activated ULK1 forms a complex with p38β MAPK in myocytes, which is markedly increased by a tumor burden. Overexpression of a constitutively active p38Tbeta; MAPK in HEK293 cells increases phosphorylation at S555 and other amino acid residues of ULK1, but not several of AMPK-mediated sites. Finally, ULK1 activation is abrogated in tumor-bearing mice with muscle-specific knockout of p38β MAPK. Thus, p38β MAPK appears a key mediator of cancer-provoked autophagy activation, and a therapeutic target of cancer-induced muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhelong Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ka Wai Thomas Sin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yixing Hospital affiliated to Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - HoangAnh Amy Doan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hongyu Miao
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yahui Wei
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yiman Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Hood DA, Memme JM, Oliveira AN, Triolo M. Maintenance of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria in Health, Exercise, and Aging. Annu Rev Physiol 2018; 81:19-41. [PMID: 30216742 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical organelles responsible for regulating the metabolic status of skeletal muscle. These organelles exhibit remarkable plasticity by adapting their volume, structure, and function in response to chronic exercise, disuse, aging, and disease. A single bout of exercise initiates signaling to provoke increases in mitochondrial biogenesis, balanced by the onset of organelle turnover carried out by the mitophagy pathway. This accelerated turnover ensures the presence of a high functioning network of mitochondria designed for optimal ATP supply, with the consequence of favoring lipid metabolism, maintaining muscle mass, and reducing apoptotic susceptibility over the longer term. Conversely, aging and disuse are associated with reductions in muscle mass that are in part attributable to dysregulation of the mitochondrial network and impaired mitochondrial function. Therefore, exercise represents a viable, nonpharmaceutical therapy with the potential to reverse and enhance the impaired mitochondrial function observed with aging and chronic muscle disuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - Jonathan M Memme
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - Ashley N Oliveira
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - Matthew Triolo
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada;
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35
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Acute extracellular matrix, inflammatory and MAPK response to lengthening contractions in elderly human skeletal muscle. Exp Gerontol 2018; 106:28-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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36
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Miller VJ, Villamena FA, Volek JS. Nutritional Ketosis and Mitohormesis: Potential Implications for Mitochondrial Function and Human Health. J Nutr Metab 2018; 2018:5157645. [PMID: 29607218 PMCID: PMC5828461 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5157645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial function often results in excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is involved in the etiology of many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Moderate levels of mitochondrial ROS, however, can protect against chronic disease by inducing upregulation of mitochondrial capacity and endogenous antioxidant defense. This phenomenon, referred to as mitohormesis, is induced through increased reliance on mitochondrial respiration, which can occur through diet or exercise. Nutritional ketosis is a safe and physiological metabolic state induced through a ketogenic diet low in carbohydrate and moderate in protein. Such a diet increases reliance on mitochondrial respiration and may, therefore, induce mitohormesis. Furthermore, the ketone β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), which is elevated during nutritional ketosis to levels no greater than those resulting from fasting, acts as a signaling molecule in addition to its traditionally known role as an energy substrate. BHB signaling induces adaptations similar to mitohormesis, thereby expanding the potential benefit of nutritional ketosis beyond carbohydrate restriction. This review describes the evidence supporting enhancement of mitochondrial function and endogenous antioxidant defense in response to nutritional ketosis, as well as the potential mechanisms leading to these adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent J. Miller
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Frederick A. Villamena
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jeff S. Volek
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Hindi SM, Sato S, Xiong G, Bohnert KR, Gibb AA, Gallot YS, McMillan JD, Hill BG, Uchida S, Kumar A. TAK1 regulates skeletal muscle mass and mitochondrial function. JCI Insight 2018; 3:98441. [PMID: 29415881 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass is regulated by a complex array of signaling pathways. TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is an important signaling protein, which regulates context-dependent activation of multiple intracellular pathways. However, the role of TAK1 in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass remains unknown. Here, we report that inducible inactivation of TAK1 causes severe muscle wasting, leading to kyphosis, in both young and adult mice.. Inactivation of TAK1 inhibits protein synthesis and induces proteolysis, potentially through upregulating the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy. Phosphorylation and enzymatic activity of AMPK are increased, whereas levels of phosphorylated mTOR and p38 MAPK are diminished upon inducible inactivation of TAK1 in skeletal muscle. In addition, targeted inactivation of TAK1 leads to the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle of adult mice. Inhibition of TAK1 does not attenuate denervation-induced muscle wasting in adult mice. Finally, TAK1 activity is highly upregulated during overload-induced skeletal muscle growth, and inactivation of TAK1 prevents myofiber hypertrophy in response to functional overload. Overall, our study demonstrates that TAK1 is a key regulator of skeletal muscle mass and oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuichi Sato
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shizuka Uchida
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology
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Kjøbsted R, Hingst JR, Fentz J, Foretz M, Sanz MN, Pehmøller C, Shum M, Marette A, Mounier R, Treebak JT, Wojtaszewski JFP, Viollet B, Lantier L. AMPK in skeletal muscle function and metabolism. FASEB J 2018; 32:1741-1777. [PMID: 29242278 PMCID: PMC5945561 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700442r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses a remarkable ability to adapt to various physiologic conditions. AMPK is a sensor of intracellular energy status that maintains energy stores by fine-tuning anabolic and catabolic pathways. AMPK’s role as an energy sensor is particularly critical in tissues displaying highly changeable energy turnover. Due to the drastic changes in energy demand that occur between the resting and exercising state, skeletal muscle is one such tissue. Here, we review the complex regulation of AMPK in skeletal muscle and its consequences on metabolism (e.g., substrate uptake, oxidation, and storage as well as mitochondrial function of skeletal muscle fibers). We focus on the role of AMPK in skeletal muscle during exercise and in exercise recovery. We also address adaptations to exercise training, including skeletal muscle plasticity, highlighting novel concepts and future perspectives that need to be investigated. Furthermore, we discuss the possible role of AMPK as a therapeutic target as well as different AMPK activators and their potential for future drug development.—Kjøbsted, R., Hingst, J. R., Fentz, J., Foretz, M., Sanz, M.-N., Pehmøller, C., Shum, M., Marette, A., Mounier, R., Treebak, J. T., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Viollet, B., Lantier, L. AMPK in skeletal muscle function and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Kjøbsted
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne R Hingst
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joachim Fentz
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Foretz
- INSERM, Unité 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria-Nieves Sanz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, and.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Pehmøller
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Shum
- Axe Cardiologie, Quebec Heart and Lung Research Institute, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Institute for Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Axe Cardiologie, Quebec Heart and Lung Research Institute, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Institute for Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Remi Mounier
- Institute NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM Unité 1217, CNRS UMR, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benoit Viollet
- INSERM, Unité 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Louise Lantier
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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39
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Nicoll JX, Fry AC, Galpin AJ, Thomason DB, Moore CA. Resting MAPK expression in chronically trained endurance runners. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 17:1194-1202. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1359341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin X. Nicoll
- Osness Human Performance Laboratories, Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Andrew C. Fry
- Osness Human Performance Laboratories, Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Andrew J. Galpin
- Center for Sport Performance, Department of Kinesiology, California State University-Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Donald B. Thomason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Tennessee-Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Christopher A. Moore
- Human Performance Laboratories, Department of Health and Sport Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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40
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Ding H, Zhang G, Sin KWT, Liu Z, Lin RK, Li M, Li YP. Activin A induces skeletal muscle catabolism via p38β mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:202-212. [PMID: 27897407 PMCID: PMC5377410 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of type IIB activin receptor (ActRIIB) in skeletal muscle leads to muscle atrophy because of increased muscle protein degradation. However, the intracellular signalling mechanism that mediates ActRIIB-activated muscle catabolism is poorly defined. METHODS We investigated the role of p38β mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in mediating ActRIIB ligand activin A-activated muscle catabolic pathways in C2C12 myotubes and in mice with perturbation of this kinase pharmacologically and genetically. RESULTS Treatment of C2C12 myotubes with activin A or myostatin rapidly activated p38 MAPK and its effector C/EBPβ within 1 h. Paradoxically, Akt was activated at the same time through a p38 MAPK-independent mechanism. These events were followed by up-regulation of ubiquitin ligases atrogin1 (MAFbx) and UBR2 (E3α-II), as well as increase in LC3-II, a marker of autophagosome formation, leading to myofibrillar protein loss and myotube atrophy. The catabolic effects of activin A were abolished by p38α/β MAPK inhibitor SB202190. Using small interfering RNA-mediated gene knockdown, we found that the catabolic activity of activin A was dependent on p38β MAPK specifically. Importantly, systemic administration of activin A to mice similarly activated the catabolic pathways in vivo, and this effect was blocked by SB202190. Further, activin A failed to activate the catabolic pathways in mice with muscle-specific knockout of p38β MAPK. Interestingly, activin A up-regulated MuRF1 in a p38 MAPK-independent manner, and MuRF1 did not appear responsible for activin A-induced myosin heavy chain loss and muscle atrophy. CONCLUSIONS ActRIIB-mediated activation of muscle catabolism is dependent on p38β MAPK-activated signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yixing Hospital affiliated to Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ka Wai Thomas Sin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhelong Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ren-Kuo Lin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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41
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Barbosa de Queiroz K, Honorato-Sampaio K, Rossoni Júnior JV, Andrade Leal D, Pinto ABG, Kappes-Becker L, Evangelista EA, Guerra-Sá R. Physical activity prevents alterations in mitochondrial ultrastructure and glucometabolic parameters in a high-sugar diet model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172103. [PMID: 28199417 PMCID: PMC5310863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endurance exercise is a remarkable intervention for the treatment of many diseases. Mitochondrial changes on skeletal muscle are likely important for many of the benefits provided by exercise. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects that a regular physical activity (swimming without workload) has on mitochondrial morphological alterations and glucometabolic parameters induced by a high-sugar diet (HSD). Weaned male Wistar rats fed with a standard diet or a HSD (68% carbohydrate) were subjected to 60 minutes of regular physical activity by swimming (without workload) for four- (20 sessions) or eight-week (40 sessions) periods. After training, animals were euthanized and the sera, adipose tissues, and skeletal muscles were collected for further analysis. The HSD increased body weight after an 8-week period; it also increased the fat pads and the adipose index, resulting in glucose intolerance and insulin resistance (IR). Transmission electron microscopy showed an increase in alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure in the gastrocnemius muscle, as well as a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and an increase in protein carbonylation. Regular physical activity partially reverted these alterations in rats fed a HSD, preventing mitochondrial morphological alterations and IR. Moreover, we observed a decrease in Pgc1α expression (qPCR analysis) in STD-EXE group and a less pronounced reduction in HSD-EXE group after an 8-week period. Thus, regular physical activity (swimming without workload) in rats fed a HSD can prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and IR, highlighting the crucial role for physical activity on metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Barbosa de Queiroz
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | - Kinulpe Honorato-Sampaio
- Faculdade de Medicina, Campus JK, Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Joamyr Victor Rossoni Júnior
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Metabólica, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Diego Andrade Leal
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | - Lenice Kappes-Becker
- Centro de Esportes, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Elisio Alberto Evangelista
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Renata Guerra-Sá
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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42
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Tang K, Pasqua T, Biswas A, Mahata S, Tang J, Tang A, Bandyopadhyay GK, Sinha-Hikim AP, Chi NW, Webster NJG, Corti A, Mahata SK. Muscle injury, impaired muscle function and insulin resistance in Chromogranin A-knockout mice. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:137-153. [PMID: 27799464 PMCID: PMC5287349 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CgA) is widely expressed in endocrine and neuroendocrine tissues as well as in the central nervous system. We observed CgA expression (mRNA and protein) in the gastrocnemius (GAS) muscle and found that performance of CgA-deficient Chga-KO mice in treadmill exercise was impaired. Supplementation with CgA in Chga-KO mice restored exercise ability suggesting a novel role for endogenous CgA in skeletal muscle function. Chga-KO mice display (i) lack of exercise-induced stimulation of pAKT, pTBC1D1 and phospho-p38 kinase signaling, (ii) loss of GAS muscle mass, (iii) extensive formation of tubular aggregates (TA), (iv) disorganized cristae architecture in mitochondria, (v) increased expression of the inflammatory cytokines Tnfα, Il6 and Ifnγ, and fibrosis. The impaired maximum running speed and endurance in the treadmill exercise in Chga-KO mice correlated with decreased glucose uptake and glycolysis, defects in glucose oxidation and decreased mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase activity. The lack of adaptation to endurance training correlated with the lack of stimulation of p38MAPK that is known to mediate the response to tissue damage. As CgA sorts proteins to the regulated secretory pathway, we speculate that lack of CgA could cause misfolding of membrane proteins inducing aggregation of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes and formation of tubular aggregates that is observed in Chga-KO mice. In conclusion, CgA deficiency renders the muscle energy deficient, impairs performance in treadmill exercise and prevents regeneration after exercise-induced tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kechun Tang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Angshuman Biswas
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sumana Mahata
- Division of Biology & Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Tang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Alisa Tang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Amiya P Sinha-Hikim
- Charles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceLos Angeles, California, USA
- David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nai-Wen Chi
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan Diego, California, USA
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan Diego, California, USA
| | - Angelo Corti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteSan Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan Diego, California, USA
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43
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Abreu P, Leal-Cardoso JH, Ceccatto VM. ADAPTAÇÃO DO MÚSCULO ESQUELÉTICO AO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO: CONSIDERAÇÕES MOLECULARES E ENERGÉTICAS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220172301167371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Os benefícios para a saúde e as adaptações fisiológicas ao exercício regular são amplamente conhecidos e, com o advento das ciências ômicas e moleculares, revelou-se uma complexa rede de vias de sinalização e moléculas reguladoras que coordenam a resposta adaptativa do músculo esquelético ao exercício. As mudanças orgânicas transientes, porém, são cumulativas no pós-exercício. Elas incluem, de forma principal, a transcrição de genes relacionados aos fatores regulatórios da miogênese, ao metabolismo de carboidratos, à mobilização de gorduras, ao transporte e oxidação de substratos, ao metabolismo mitocondrial através da fosforilação oxidativa e, por fim, à regulação transcricional de genes envolvidos na biogênese mitocondrial. Tendo em vista o grande impacto científico, resumiram-se neste trabalho, além de algumas das principais respostas moleculares sofridas pelo músculo esquelético com o exercício físico, fatores que coordenam a plasticidade muscular para o ganho de desempenho. Foram citadas dezenas de biomarcadores ligados a alguns aspectos moleculares das adaptações do músculo esquelético ao exercício físico, algumas principais vias sinalizadoras e o papel mitocondrial, revelando alguns novos paradigmas para o entendimento desta área científica.
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44
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Acute low-intensity cycling with blood-flow restriction has no effect on metabolic signaling in human skeletal muscle compared to traditional exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:345-358. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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45
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Unravelling the mechanisms regulating muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. Biochem J 2016; 473:2295-314. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a tissue with a low mitochondrial content under basal conditions, but it is responsive to acute increases in contractile activity patterns (i.e. exercise) which initiate the signalling of a compensatory response, leading to the biogenesis of mitochondria and improved organelle function. Exercise also promotes the degradation of poorly functioning mitochondria (i.e. mitophagy), thereby accelerating mitochondrial turnover, and preserving a pool of healthy organelles. In contrast, muscle disuse, as well as the aging process, are associated with reduced mitochondrial quality and quantity in muscle. This has strong negative implications for whole-body metabolic health and the preservation of muscle mass. A number of traditional, as well as novel regulatory pathways exist in muscle that control both biogenesis and mitophagy. Interestingly, although the ablation of single regulatory transcription factors within these pathways often leads to a reduction in the basal mitochondrial content of muscle, this can invariably be overcome with exercise, signifying that exercise activates a multitude of pathways which can respond to restore mitochondrial health. This knowledge, along with growing realization that pharmacological agents can also promote mitochondrial health independently of exercise, leads to an optimistic outlook in which the maintenance of mitochondrial and whole-body metabolic health can be achieved by taking advantage of the broad benefits of exercise, along with the potential specificity of drug action.
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Selsby JT, Ballmann CG, Spaulding HR, Ross JW, Quindry JC. Oral quercetin administration transiently protects respiratory function in dystrophin-deficient mice. J Physiol 2016; 594:6037-6053. [PMID: 27094343 DOI: 10.1113/jp272057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINT PGC-1α pathway activation has been shown to decrease disease severity and can be driven by quercetin. Oral quercetin supplementation protected respiratory function for 4-6 months during a 12 month dosing regimen. This transient protection was probably due to a failure to sustain elevated SIRT1 activity and downstream PGC-1α signalling. Quercetin supplementation may be a beneficial treatment as part of a cocktail provided continued SIRT1 activity elevation is achieved. ABSTRACT Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) impacts 1 : 3500 boys and leads to muscle dysfunction culminating in death due to respiratory or cardiac failure. There is an urgent need for effective therapies with the potential for immediate application for this patient population. Quercetin, a flavonoid with an outstanding safety profile, may provide therapeutic relief to DMD patients as the wait for additional therapies continues. This study evaluated the capacity of orally administered quercetin (0.2%) in 2 month old mdx mice to improve respiratory function and end-point functional and histological outcomes in the diaphragm following 12 months of treatment. Respiratory function was protected for the first 4-6 months of treatment but appeared to become insensitive to quercetin thereafter. Consistent with this, end-point functional measures were decreased and histopathological measures were more severe in dystrophic muscle compared to C57 and similar between control-fed and quercetin-fed mdx mice. To better understand the transient nature of improved respiratory function, we measured PGC-1α pathway activity, which is suggested to be up-regulated by quercetin supplementation. This pathway was largely suppressed in dystrophic muscle compared to healthy muscle, and at the 14 month time point dietary quercetin enrichment did not increase expression of downstream effectors. These data support the efficacy of quercetin as an intervention for DMD in skeletal muscle, and also indicate the development of age-dependent quercetin insensitivity when continued supplementation fails to drive the PGC-1α pathway. Continued study is needed to determine if this is related to disease severity, age or other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Selsby
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. .,School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
| | - Christopher G Ballmann
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Hannah R Spaulding
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Jason W Ross
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - John C Quindry
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
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47
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Rygiel KA, Picard M, Turnbull DM. The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective. J Physiol 2016; 594:4499-512. [PMID: 26921061 PMCID: PMC4983621 DOI: 10.1113/jp271212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles undergo structural and functional decline with ageing, culminating in sarcopenia. The underlying neuromuscular mechanisms have been the subject of intense investigation, revealing mitochondrial abnormalities as potential culprits within both nerve and muscle cells. Implicated mechanisms involve impaired mitochondrial dynamics, reduced organelle biogenesis and quality control via mitophagy, accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and respiratory chain defect, metabolic disturbance, pro-apoptotic signalling, and oxidative stress. This article provides an overview of the cellular mechanisms whereby mitochondria may promote maladaptive changes within motor neurons, the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and muscle fibres. Lifelong physical activity, which promotes mitochondrial health across tissues, is emerging as an effective countermeasure for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina A Rygiel
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Escós A, Risco A, Alsina-Beauchamp D, Cuenda A. p38γ and p38δ Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs), New Stars in the MAPK Galaxy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:31. [PMID: 27148533 PMCID: PMC4830812 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein kinases p38γ and p38δ belong to the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. p38MAPK signaling controls many cellular processes and is one of the most conserved mechanisms in eukaryotes for the cellular response to environmental stress and inflammation. Although p38γ and p38δ are widely expressed, it is likely that they perform specific functions in different tissues. Their involvement in human pathologies such as inflammation-related diseases or cancer is starting to be uncovered. In this article we give a general overview and highlight recent advances made in defining the functions of p38γ and p38δ, focusing in innate immunity and inflammation. We consider the potential of the pharmacological targeting of MAPK pathways to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Escós
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Risco
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Madrid, Spain
| | - Dayanira Alsina-Beauchamp
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cuenda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Madrid, Spain
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Filipova D, Walter AM, Gaspar JA, Brunn A, Linde NF, Ardestani MA, Deckert M, Hescheler J, Pfitzer G, Sachinidis A, Papadopoulos S. Gene profiling of embryonic skeletal muscle lacking type I ryanodine receptor Ca(2+) release channel. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20050. [PMID: 26831464 PMCID: PMC4735524 DOI: 10.1038/srep20050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In mature skeletal muscle, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration rises dramatically upon membrane depolarization, constituting the link between excitation and contraction. This process requires Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RYR1). However, RYR1’s potential roles in muscle development remain obscure. We used an established RyR1- null mouse model, dyspedic, to investigate the effects of the absence of a functional RYR1 and, consequently, the lack of RyR1-mediated Ca2+ signaling, during embryogenesis. Homozygous dyspedic mice die after birth and display small limbs and abnormal skeletal muscle organization. Skeletal muscles from front and hind limbs of dyspedic fetuses (day E18.5) were subjected to microarray analyses, revealing 318 differentially expressed genes. We observed altered expression of multiple transcription factors and members of key signaling pathways. Differential regulation was also observed for genes encoding contractile as well as muscle-specific structural proteins. Additional qRT-PCR analysis revealed altered mRNA levels of the canonical muscle regulatory factors Six1, Six4, Pax7, MyoD, MyoG and MRF4 in mutant muscle, which is in line with the severe developmental retardation seen in dyspedic muscle histology analyses. Taken together, these findings suggest an important non-contractile role of RyR1 or RYR1-mediated Ca2+ signaling during muscle organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilyana Filipova
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Anna M Walter
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - John A Gaspar
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Anna Brunn
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina F Linde
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Mostafa A Ardestani
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Martina Deckert
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Gabriele Pfitzer
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Symeon Papadopoulos
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne 50931, Germany
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Vainshtein A, Hood DA. The regulation of autophagy during exercise in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 120:664-73. [PMID: 26679612 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00550.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The merits of exercise on muscle health and well-being are numerous and well documented. However, the mechanisms underlying the robust adaptations induced by exercise, particularly on mitochondria, are less clear and much sought after. Recently, an evolutionary conserved cellular recycling mechanism known as autophagy has been implicated in the adaptations to acute and chronic exercise. A basal level of autophagy is constantly ongoing in cells and tissues, ensuring cellular clearance and energy homeostasis. This pathway can be further induced, as a survival mechanism, by cellular perturbations, such as energetic imbalance and oxidative stress. During exercise, a biphasic autophagy response is mobilized, leading to both an acute induction and a long-term potentiation of the process. Posttranslational modifications arising from upstream signaling cascades induce an acute autophagic response during a single bout of exercise by mobilizing core autophagy machinery. A transcriptional program involving the regulators Forkhead box O, transcription factor EB, p53, and peroxisome proliferator coactivator-1α is also induced to fuel sustained increases in autophagic capacity. Autophagy has also been documented to mediate chronic exercise-induced metabolic benefits, and animal models in which autophagy is perturbed do not adapt to exercise to the same extent. In this review, we discuss recent developments in the field of autophagy and exercise. We specifically highlight the molecular mechanisms activated during acute exercise that lead to a prolonged adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vainshtein
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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