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Nam K, Nam SY, Park JC, Cho YS, Choi HS, Jung K, Park SY, Cho JH, Chun H. Factors associated with gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: A multicenter case-control study. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:1592-1598. [PMID: 38369411 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.01.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (GNET and DNET, respectively) is increasing, however associated factors of these diseases are not well known. Here, we investigated the factors associated with GNET and DNET. METHODS Patients with GNET and DNET presenting at eight tertiary referral centers between 2001 and 2020 were included and compared with healthy controls who underwent upper endoscopic screening. Clinical factors and laboratory data were analyzed to determine associated factors of GNET and DNET. RESULTS Overall, 396 patients with GNET and 193 patients with DNET were included and compared with 1725 healthy controls. Multivariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 0.98), diabetes (OR 1.72), hypertension (OR 1.97), low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (OR 2.54), and past/present H. pylori infection (OR 1.46) were significantly associated with GNET. In contrast, DNET was significantly associated with diabetes (OR 1.80), hypertension (OR 1.68), low serum HDL-C levels (OR 2.29), and past/present H. pylori infection (OR 5.42). In the sex-based subgroup analysis in GNET, current smoking was strongly associated in women (OR 9.85), but not in men. CONCLUSIONS This study identified several common metabolic factors associated with GNET and DNET. Additionally, some factors had sex-specific associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangwoo Nam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Su Youn Nam
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Sin Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Soon Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seon-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Joon Hyun Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyonho Chun
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
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Zhu L, An J, Luu T, Reyna SM, Tantiwong P, Sriwijitkamol A, Musi N, Stafford JM. Short-term HIIT impacts HDL function differently in lean, obese, and diabetic subjects. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1423989. [PMID: 39234305 PMCID: PMC11371628 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1423989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction High density lipoproteins (HDL) exert cardiovascular protection in part through their antioxidant capacity and cholesterol efflux function. Effects of exercise training on HDL function are yet to be well established, while impact on triacylglycerol (TG)-lowering has been often reported. We previously showed that a short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program improves insulin sensitivity but does not inhibit inflammatory pathways in immune cells in insulin-resistant subjects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate HDL function along with changes of lipoproteins after the short-term HIIT program in lean, obese nondiabetic, and obese type 2 diabetic (T2DM) subjects. Methods All individuals underwent a supervised 15-day program of alternative HIIT for 40 minutes per day. VO2peak was determined before and after this training program. A pre-training fasting blood sample was collected, and the post-training fasting blood sample collection was performed 36 hours after the last exercise session. Results Blood lipid profile and HDL function were analyzed before and after the HIIT program. Along with improved blood lipid profiles in obese and T2DM subjects, the HIIT program affected circulating apolipoprotein amounts differently. The HIIT program increased HDL-cholesterol levels and improved the cholesterol efflux capacity only in lean subjects. Furthermore, the HIIT program improved the antioxidant capacity of HDL in all subjects. Data from multiple logistic regression analysis showed that changes in HDL antioxidant capacity were inversely associated with changes in atherogenic lipids and changes in HDL-TG content. Discussion We show that a short-term HIIT program improves aspects of HDL function depending on metabolic contexts, which correlates with improvements in blood lipid profile. Our results demonstrate that TG content in HDL particles may play a negative role in the anti-atherogenic function of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Julia An
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Thao Luu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sara M Reyna
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States
| | - Puntip Tantiwong
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Apiradee Sriwijitkamol
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - John M Stafford
- Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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Abdelaziz TA, Mesbah NM, Abo-Elmatty DM, El-Sabbagh FO. Association of paraoxonase-1 (Q192R) gene polymorphism with coronary artery spasm during cardiac catheterisation in Egyptians. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39105458 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2024.2387691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery spasm is among the etiology of myocardial infarction. Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery spasm (CAS). Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an HDL-bound antioxidant enzyme that protects LDL from oxidative modification. Oxidative-stress-related genetic factors and certain polymorphisms in the paraoxonase 1 gene might influence the pathogenesis of CAS. We aimed to investigate the association between PON1 gene polymorphism and its enzymatic activity and coronary artery spasm during cardiac catheterization. METHODS AND RESULTS The study population was 150 patients who underwent elective coronary angiography. Subjects were genotyped to the Q192R polymorphism (rs662) on the PON1 gene by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and PON1 activity was quantitatively analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results showed that the subjects carrying the RR genotype and R allele were significantly more likely to develop coronary artery spasm (OR=4.2, 2.03, P< 0.006, P˂0.02, respectively). Moreover, serum PON1 levels were significantly decreased (P˂0.001) in the CAS group. RR genotype of PON1 Q192R polymorphism, Tc, LDLc, TG, catheter size, and paroxonase-1 serum level are independent predictors of coronary spasm. CONCLUSION We conclude that the PON1 (rs662) gene polymorphism is associated with CAS during cardiac catheterization in Egyptians. The PON1-192R allele and lower serum enzyme concentration may play an important role in coronary spasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A Abdelaziz
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Noha M Mesbah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dina M Abo-Elmatty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Farah O El-Sabbagh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University (Kantra Campus), El-Arish, Egypt
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Rani A, Stadler JT, Marsche G. HDL-based therapeutics: A promising frontier in combating viral and bacterial infections. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 260:108684. [PMID: 38964560 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and impaired HDL functionality have been consistently associated with increased susceptibility to infection and its serious consequences. This has been attributed to the critical role of HDL in maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis, which is essential for the proper functioning of immune and structural cells. HDL, a multifunctional particle, exerts pleiotropic effects in host defense against pathogens. It functions as a natural nanoparticle, capable of sequestering and neutralizing potentially harmful substances like bacterial lipopolysaccharides. HDL possesses antiviral activity, preventing viruses from entering or fusing with host cells, thereby halting their replication cycle. Understanding the complex relationship between HDL and the immune system may reveal innovative targets for developing new treatments to combat infectious diseases and improve patient outcomes. This review aims to emphasize the role of HDL in influencing the course of bacterial and viral infections and its and its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alankrita Rani
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Julia T Stadler
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Styria, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Styria, Austria.
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Zeng W, Hou Y, Gu W, Chen Z. Proteomic Biomarkers of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1573-1585. [PMID: 38177949 PMCID: PMC11111573 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific liver disease, which can lead to adverse fetal outcomes, including preterm labor and intrauterine death. The pathogenesis of ICP is still unclear. We hypothesized that pathological index leads to abnormal placenta changes in ICP. Investigation of these differences in protein expression in parallel profiling is essential to understand the comprehensive pathophysiological mechanism underlying ICP. The present study screened differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) as novel diagnostic markers for ICP. Proteomic profiles of placental tissues from 32 ICP patients and 24 healthy volunteers (controls) were analyzed. Our founding was valid by following western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. The association of the key protein expression with clinicopathological features of ICP was further analyzed. A total of 178 DEPs were identified between the ICP and control groups. Functional enrichment analysis showed these proteins were significantly enriched in the PPAR singling pathway by KEGG and PPARα/RXRα activation by IPA. Apolipoprotein A2 (APOA2) was the only upregulated protein, which uniquely identified in ICP groups and related to both pathways. Validation of western blotting and immunohistochemical staining analysis showed significantly higher APOA2 expression in the ICP group than in the control group. Furthermore, the expression of APOA2 is associated with clinicopathological features in ICP groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that the AUC of APOA2 was 0.8984 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.772-1.000). This study has identified up-regulated APOA2 associated with PPAR singling pathway and PPARα/RXRα activation in ICP. Thus, APOA2 may be involved in ICP pathogenesis, serving as a novel biomarker for its diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Zeng
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yanyan Hou
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Wei Gu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Deng Y, Li C, Luo A, Qiu Y, Yang M. Causal relationship between dyslipidemia and risk of facial aging: Insights from Mendelian randomization in East Asian populations. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13717. [PMID: 38716757 PMCID: PMC11077566 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging observational studies showed an association between dyslipidemia and aging. However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal, particularly in the case of Asians, which are aging more rapidly than other continents. Given the visible manifestations of aging often include changes in facial appearance, the objective of this study is to assess the causal relationship between dyslipidemia and facial aging in East Asian populations. METHODS SNPs related to dyslipidemia in East Asian people such as Total cholesterol (TC), High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), Low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and Triglyceride (TG) along with outcomes data on facial aging, were extracted from public genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was then performed using publicly available GWAS data to investigate the potential causal relationship. The effect estimates were primarily calculated using the fixed-effects inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. RESULTS Totally, 88 SNPs related to HDL among 70657 East Asian participants in GWAS. Based on the primary causal effects model using MR analyses with the IVW method, high HDL level was demonstrated as significantly related to the risk of facial aging (OR, 1.060; 95% CI, 1.005-1.119, p = 0.034), while high TC level (OR, 0.995; 95% CI, 0.920-1.076, p = 0.903), high LDL level (OR, 0.980, 95% CI, 0.924-1.041, p = 0.515), as well as high TG level (OR, 0.999, 95% CI, 0.932-1.071, p = 0.974), showed no significant correlation with facial aging. CONCLUSIONS The two-sample MR analysis conducted in this study revealed a positive causal relationship between high HDL levels and facial aging. In contrast, facial aging demonstrated no significant correlation with high levels of TC, LDL, or TG. Further large-sample prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and to provide appropriate recommendations regarding nutrition management to delay the aging process among old patients in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ailin Luo
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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Ahotupa M. Lipid Oxidation Products and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: Role of Lipoprotein Transport. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:512. [PMID: 38790617 PMCID: PMC11117553 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol has for decades ruled the history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and the present view of the etiology of the disease is based on the transport of cholesterol by plasma lipoproteins. The new knowledge of the lipoprotein-specific transport of lipid oxidation products (LOPs) has introduced another direction to the research of CVD, revealing strong associations between lipoprotein transport functions, atherogenic LOP, and CVD. The aim of this review is to present the evidence of the lipoprotein-specific transport of LOP and to evaluate the potential consequences of the proposed role of the LOP transport as a risk factor. The associations of cholesterol and lipoprotein LOP with the known risk factors of CVD are mostly parallel, and because of the common transport and cellular intake mechanisms it is difficult to ascertain the independent effects of either cholesterol or LOP. While cholesterol is known to have important physiological functions, LOPs are merely regarded as metabolic residues and able to initiate and boost atherogenic processes. It is therefore likely that with the increased knowledge of the lipoprotein-specific transport of LOP, the role of cholesterol as a risk factor of CVD will be challenged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markku Ahotupa
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
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8
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Li F, Dou J, Wei L, Li S, Liu J. Biomarkers of lipid metabolism in gastric cancer: a case control study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:455. [PMID: 38605344 PMCID: PMC11010291 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between biomarkers of lipid metabolism and gastric cancer. METHODS 1120 gastric cancer patients and 1134 health examiners enrolled in this study. The clinic data and serum lipid level, including Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), were collected. RESULTS Serum TG and LDL-C levels in patients with gastric cancer were higher than those in the control group. HDL-C levels were lower than the control group (P < 0.05). HDL-C and LDL-C were significantly correlated with the risk of gastric cancer. Concentrating on clinicopathological features, increased TG was more frequently in male patients with distal gastric cancer, N0 stage and early TNM stage. Increased TC was more frequently in early T, N and TNM stage. Decreased HDL-C was more common in distal location and low-undifferentiated gastric cancer. LDL-C elevation was more common in distal gastric cancer and early T stage. CONCLUSIONS The serum lipid level of gastric cancer patients was higher than healthy controls. HDL-C and LDL-C abnormal correlated with gastric cancer risk. However, as the progresses of gastric cancer, poor patient intake, increased tumor consumption, and continuous declining in nutritional status, the levels of TC and TG gradually decreased in advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxuan Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jinli Dou
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixia Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
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Dosh L, Ghazi M, Haddad K, El Masri J, Hawi J, Leone A, Basset C, Geagea AG, Jurjus R, Jurjus A. Probiotics, gut microbiome, and cardiovascular diseases: An update. Transpl Immunol 2024; 83:102000. [PMID: 38262540 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the most challenging diseases and many factors have been demonstrated to affect their pathogenesis. One of the major factors that affect CVDs, especially atherosclerosis, is the gut microbiota (GM). Genetics play a key role in linking CVDs with GM, in addition to some environmental factors which can be either beneficial or harmful. The interplay between GM and CVDs is complex due to the numerous mechanisms through which microbial components and their metabolites can influence CVDs. Within this interplay, the immune system plays a major role, mainly based on the immunomodulatory effects of microbial dysbiosis and its resulting metabolites. The resulting modulation of chronic inflammatory processes was found to reduce the severity of CVDs and to maintain cardiovascular health. To better understand the specific roles of GM-related metabolites in this interplay, this review presents an updated perspective on gut metabolites related effects on the cardiovascular system, highlighting the possible benefits of probiotics in therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dosh
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Maya Ghazi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Karim Haddad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jad El Masri
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jihad Hawi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Al Kurah, Lebanon.
| | - Angelo Leone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Charbel Basset
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alice Gerges Geagea
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rosalyn Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Solnica B, Sygitowicz G, Sitkiewicz D, Jóźwiak J, Kasperczyk S, Broncel M, Wolska A, Odrowąż-Sypniewska G, Banach M. 2024 Guidelines of the Polish Society of Laboratory Diagnostics and the Polish Lipid Association on laboratory diagnostics of lipid metabolism disorders. Arch Med Sci 2024; 20:357-374. [PMID: 38757022 PMCID: PMC11094830 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/186191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid disorders are the most common (even 70%) and worst monitored cardiovascular risk factor (only 1/4 of patients in Poland and in CEE countries are on the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal). To improve this, clear and simple diagnostic criteria should be introduced for all components of the lipid profile. These are the updated guidelines of the two main scientific societies in Poland in the area - the Polish Society of Laboratory Diagnostics (PSLD) and the Polish Lipid Association (PoLA), which, in comparison to those from 2020, introduce few important changes in recommendations (two main lipid targets, new recommendations on LDL-C measurements, calculations new goals for triglycerides, new recommendations on remnants and small dense LDL) that should help the practitioners to be early with the diagnosis of lipid disorders and in the effective monitoring (after therapy initiation), and in the consequence to avoid the first and recurrent cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Solnica
- Polish Society for Laboratory Diagnostics
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Sygitowicz
- Polish Society for Laboratory Diagnostics
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Sitkiewicz
- Polish Society for Laboratory Diagnostics
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Jóźwiak
- Polish Lipid Association
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Polish Lipid Association
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Marlena Broncel
- Polish Lipid Association
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Wolska
- Polish Lipid Association
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Grażyna Odrowąż-Sypniewska
- Polish Society for Laboratory Diagnostics
- Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Maciej Banach
- Polish Lipid Association
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Lodz, Poland
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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11
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Anwar A, Khan FU, Younas W, Zaman M, Noorullah M, Li L, Zuberi A, Wang Y. Reduced toxic effects of nano‑copper sulfate in comparison of bulk CuSO 4 on biochemical parameters in the Rohu (Labeo rohita). Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 95:105766. [PMID: 38104743 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Considering the wide application of nanoparticles in various fields of life and growing concern regarding their toxic effects, the present study was designed with the aim to evaluate the potential risks of using copper sulfate nanoparticles (CuSO4-NPs) in comparison to bulk form. Nanoparticles of CuSO4, having mean size of 73 nm were prepared by ball milling method, and fingerlings of Labeo rohita were exposed to two levels, 20 and 100 μg L-1 of CuSO4 in both bulk and nano forms for 28 days and their comparative effects on the metallothioneins (MTs), heat shock proteins 70 (HSP 70), lipid profile, cholesterol (CHOL) and triglyceraldehyde (TG) levels, activities of some metabolic enzymes Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST) Akaline phosphatase (ALP), and genes expressions of HSP-70, TNF-α and IL1-ß were investigated. CuSO4 showed the concentration and particle type dependent effects. The over expression of HSPs and MTs, significant decreases in CHOL, TG, low density lipid (LDL) levels and ALP activity, while significant increases in high density lipid (HDL)level as well as ALT and AST activities and HSP-70, TNF-α and IL1-β expressions were observed in response to higher concentration of both bulk and nano form of copper sulfate. At lower concentration (20 μg L-1), however, only bulk form showed toxicity. Thus, low concentrations of CuSO4-NPs pose negligible threat to freshwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azka Anwar
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Ullah Khan
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Waqar Younas
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhib Zaman
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noorullah
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Li'ang Li
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Amina Zuberi
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Kirwan R, Mazidi M, Butler T, Perez de Heredia F, Lip GYH, Davies IG. The association of appendicular lean mass and grip strength with low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein particle diameter: a Mendelian randomization study of the UK Biobank cohort. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2024; 4:oeae019. [PMID: 38595990 PMCID: PMC11003544 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Aims Reduced muscle mass and reduced strength are frequently associated with both alterations in blood lipids and poorer cardiometabolic outcomes in epidemiological studies; however, a causal association cannot be determined from such observations. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to assess the association of genetically determined appendicular lean mass (ALM) and handgrip strength (HGS) with serum lipid particle diameter. Methods and results Mendelian randomization was implemented using summary-level data from the largest genome-wide association studies on ALM (n = 450 243), HGS (n = 223 315), and lipoprotein [low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very LDL (VLDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)] particle diameters (n = 115 078). Inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was used to calculate the causal estimates. Weighted median-based method, MR-Egger, and leave-one-out method were applied as sensitivity analysis. Greater ALM had a statistically significant positive effect on HDL particle diameter (MR-Egger: β = 0.055, SE = 0.031, P = 0.081; IVW: β = 0.068, SE = 0.014, P < 0.001) and a statistically significant negative effect on VLDL particle diameter (MR-Egger: β = -0.114, SE = 0.039, P = 0.003; IVW: β = -0.081, SE = 0.017, P < 0.001). Similarly, greater HGS had a statistically significant positive effect on HDL particle diameter (MR-Egger: β = 0.433, SE = 0.184, P = 0.019; IVW: β = 0.121, SE = 0.052, P = 0.021) and a statistically significant negative effect on VLDL particle diameter (MR-Egger: β = -0.416, SE = 0.163, P = 0.011; IVW: β = -0.122, SE = 0.046, P = 0.009). There was no statistically significant effect of either ALM or HGS on LDL particle diameter. Conclusion There were potentially causal associations between both increasing ALM and HGS and increasing HDL particle size and decreasing VLDL particle size. These causal associations may offer possibilities for interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular disease risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kirwan
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Dr., Doll Bldg, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tom Butler
- School of Applied Health and Social Care and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Fatima Perez de Heredia
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Danish Center for Clinical Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ian G Davies
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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Morvaridzadeh M, Zoubdane N, Heshmati J, Alami M, Berrougui H, Khalil A. High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Function in Cardiovascular Diseases: What about Aging and Diet Effects? Nutrients 2024; 16:653. [PMID: 38474781 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading global cause of mortality, prompting a heightened focus on identifying precise indicators for their assessment and treatment. In this perspective, the plasma levels of HDL have emerged as a pivotal focus, given the demonstrable correlation between plasma levels and cardiovascular events, rendering them a noteworthy biomarker. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that HDLs, while intricate, are not presently a direct therapeutic target, necessitating a more nuanced understanding of their dynamic remodeling throughout their life cycle. HDLs exhibit several anti-atherosclerotic properties that define their functionality. This functionality of HDLs, which is independent of their concentration, may be impaired in certain risk factors for CVD. Moreover, because HDLs are dynamic parameters, in which HDL particles present different atheroprotective properties, it remains difficult to interpret the association between HDL level and CVD risk. Besides the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of HDLs, their capacity to mediate cholesterol efflux, a key metric of HDL functionality, represents the main anti-atherosclerotic property of HDL. In this review, we will discuss the HDL components and HDL structure that may affect their functionality and we will review the mechanism by which HDL mediates cholesterol efflux. We will give a brief examination of the effects of aging and diet on HDL structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Nada Zoubdane
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Alami
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
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Pineda-Pampliega J, Herrera-Dueñas A, de la Puente J, Aguirre JI, Camarero P, Höfle U. Influence of climatic conditions on the link between oxidative stress balance and landfill utilisation as a food resource by white storks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166116. [PMID: 37586533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Landfills have played a significant role in the recovery of white storks (Ciconia ciconia) populations across various European countries. While there is ample information about the populational-level effects, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the individual effects of using this food resource for feeding nestlings. This study aims to assess the nutritional status and oxidative stress balance of nestlings with varying degrees of exposure to landfill-provided food This study aims to assess the nutritional status and oxidative stress balance of nestlings with different use of landfill-provided food. Nestlings fed with food foraged by breeding pairs from landfills exhibited better nutritional status compared to individuals located farther from landfills. This can be attributed to a higher ingestion rate, resulting in increased plasmatic values of cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL in plasma. However, the oxidative stress balance varied across different years, with individuals raised in 2014 showing higher values of Vitamin E and lower values of LDH compared to those raised in 2013. Furthermore, the impact of landfills on certain oxidative stress parameters also depended on the year of study. In 2013, the Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of plasma showed a positive correlation with the distance to landfills, while the concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of lipid peroxidation, exhibited a negative correlation. These findings suggest that the use of landfills as a food resource has a consistently positive effect on the nutritional status of white stork nestling. However, the relationship with oxidative stress is highly dependent on the climatic conditions of each year, emphasizing the importance of considering these factors when evaluating the use of landfills as a food resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Pineda-Pampliega
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - José I Aguirre
- Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Camarero
- Ecotoxicology Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC, (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ursula Höfle
- SaBio Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC, (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
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15
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Hiller JK, Jangmo A, Tesli MS, Jaholkowski PP, Hoseth EZ, Steen NE, Haram M. Lipid Biomarker Research in Bipolar Disorder: A Scoping Review of Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:594-604. [PMID: 37881590 PMCID: PMC10593953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a disabling disorder with heterogeneous symptom profiles and trajectories. Like many other neuropsychiatric disorders, clinical decision making related to diagnoses and choice of treatment is based on clinical assessments alone, and risk prediction for treatment success or resistance at an individual level remains sparse. An enormous effort to add biological markers to this risk prediction is ongoing. The role of lipids in normal brain functioning is well established, and several hypotheses about the role of lipids in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders, including BD, have been made. The frequent comorbidity between neuropsychiatric disorders and cardiovascular disease, the genetic overlap of risk genes for severe mental disorders and genes involved in lipid regulation, and the lipid-altering effects of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers indicate that lipids could hold promise as biomarkers for neuropsychiatric disorders, including BD. To date, reviews of lipid biomarkers in schizophrenia and major depression have noted caveats for future investigations, while reviews of lipid biomarker research in BD is missing. In the current scoping review, we present a comprehensive overview of trends in previous research on lipid biomarkers in BD. The current literature varies greatly in the phenotypes investigated and study designs, leading to divergent findings. Small sample size; potential confounders related to physical activity, nutritional status, and medication use; and cross-sectional designs were frequently reported limitations. Future research may benefit from pivoting toward utilization of newer laboratory techniques such as lipidomics, but consistent use of study methods across cohorts is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Jangmo
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Steen Tesli
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Piotr Pawel Jaholkowski
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Zsuzsanna Hoseth
- Clinic of Mental Health and Addiction, Møre and Romsdal Health Trust, Kristiansund, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Haram
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Bashir B, Adam S, Ho JH, Linn Z, Durrington PN, Soran H. Established and potential cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome: Effect of bariatric surgery. Curr Opin Lipidol 2023; 34:221-233. [PMID: 37560987 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the role of novel biomarkers in metabolic syndrome, their association with cardiovascular risk and the impact of bariatric surgery on these biomarkers. RECENT FINDINGS Metabolic syndrome encompasses an intricate network of health problems, and its constituents extend beyond the components of its operational definition. Obesity-related dyslipidaemia not only leads to quantitative changes in lipoprotein concentration but also alteration in qualitative composition of various lipoprotein subfractions, including HDL particles, rendering them proatherogenic. This is compounded by the concurrent existence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which pave the common pathway to inflammation and oxidative stress culminating in heightened atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Bariatric surgery is an exceptional modality to reverse both conventional and less recognised aspects of metabolic syndrome. It reduces the burden of atherosclerosis by ameliorating the impact of obesity and its related complications (OSA, NAFLD) on quantitative and qualitative composition of lipoproteins, ultimately improving endothelial function and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. SUMMARY Several novel biomarkers, which are not traditionally considered as components of metabolic syndrome play a crucial role in determining ASCVD risk in metabolic syndrome. Due to their independent association with ASCVD, it is imperative that these are addressed. Bariatric surgery is a widely recognized intervention to improve the conventional risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome; however, it also serves as an effective treatment to optimize novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Bashir
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Peter Mount Building, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Safwaan Adam
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jan H Ho
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Zara Linn
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
| | | | - Handrean Soran
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Peter Mount Building, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
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17
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Zhao S, Li Y, Su C. Assessment of common risk factors of diabetes and chronic kidney disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1265719. [PMID: 37780623 PMCID: PMC10535100 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1265719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing prevalence of diabetes and its significant impact on mortality and morbidity rates worldwide has led to a growing interest in understanding its common risk factors, particularly in relation to chronic kidney disease (CKD). This research article aims to investigate the shared risk factors between type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and CKD using a Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods The study utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for T1D, T2D, and CKD from the FinnGen research project. GWAS summary statistics datasets for 118 exposure traits were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS database. MR analyses were conducted to examine the causal relationships between exposure traits and each of the three outcomes. Multiple methods, including inverse-variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger, were employed for the MR studies. Results Phenome-wide MR analyses revealed that eosinophil percentage exhibited a significant and suggestive causal association with T1D and CKD, respectively, suggesting its potential as a shared risk factor for T1D and CKD. For T2D, 34 traits demonstrated significant associations. Among these 34 traits, 14 were also significantly associated with CKD, indicating the presence of common risk factors between T2D and CKD, primarily related to obesity, height, blood lipids and sex hormone binding globulin, blood pressure, and walking pace. Conclusion This research has uncovered the eosinophil percentage as a potential common risk factor for both T1D and CKD, while also identifying several traits, such as obesity and blood lipids, as shared risk factors for T2D and CKD. This study contributes to the understanding of the common risk factors between diabetes and CKD, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to reduce the risk of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwu Zhao
- Department of Pain, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Naval Medical University/Second Military University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Su
- Department of Pain, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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18
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Laouani A, Nasrallah H, Sassi A, Ferdousi F, Kalai FZ, Hasni Y, Limem K, Isoda H, Saguem S. Exploring the Effects of Short-Term Daily Intake of Nitraria retusa Tea on Lipid Profile: A Pre-Post, Uncontrolled Pilot Study in Both Healthy and Overweight/Obese Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3649. [PMID: 37630839 PMCID: PMC10459123 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to explore the feasibility, compliance, and potential benefits of Nitraria retusa extract (NRE) intervention in both healthy (BMI ≤ 24.9 Kg/m2) and overweight/obese adults (BMI > 25 Kg/m2). A total of 98 participants, including 37 healthy individuals and 61 overweight/obese adults, were randomly assigned to either a low-dose (500 mg/day) or a high-dose (2000 mg/day) NRE intervention group. Plasma lipid biomarkers, liver and kidney functions, general hematology, and blood glucose levels were measured at the baseline and 10 days after intervention. While the lipid profile of the healthy participants did not show any statistically significant changes, the obese participants in the high-dose group experienced a significant decrease in triglyceride levels (within-group difference p value = 0.004) and an increase in HDL levels (within-group p value < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in other parameters, indicating that NRE at the given doses was safe. Furthermore, the study had impressive compliance and acceptability, with over 90% of participants completing the intervention and diligently following the study protocol. This pilot study represents the first investigation into the feasibility, acceptability, and potential benefits of NRE intervention on lipid profiles in human volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Laouani
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics and Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia or (A.L.)
- USCR Analytical Platform UHPLC-MS & Research in Medicine and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Hana Nasrallah
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics and Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia or (A.L.)
- USCR Analytical Platform UHPLC-MS & Research in Medicine and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Awatef Sassi
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics and Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia or (A.L.)
- USCR Analytical Platform UHPLC-MS & Research in Medicine and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Farhana Ferdousi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | - Feten Zar Kalai
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology, Technopark of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Hasni
- Endocrinology-Diabetology Department, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse 4003, Tunisia
| | - Khalifa Limem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faulty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Saad Saguem
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics and Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia or (A.L.)
- USCR Analytical Platform UHPLC-MS & Research in Medicine and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
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Xie Q, He Y, Zhou D, Jiang Y, Deng Y, Li R. Recent research progress on the correlation between metabolic syndrome and Helicobacter pylori infection. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15755. [PMID: 37483988 PMCID: PMC10362851 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, metabolic syndrome (MS) and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, which have gained an epidemic status, are major challenges to human health, society, and medical professionals. Recent studies have demonstrated that MS is closely related to HP infection. Additionally, HP is an important risk factor for gastric cancer. However, systematic reviews on HP are lacking. This review aimed to summarize and analyze the potential correlation of HP infection with MS and its components, as well as the underlying mechanism, to provide reference and strategies for clinical prevention and treatment. Methodology Previous studies examining the correlation between HP and MS since 1990 were retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The potential correlation between HP infection and MS and its components was comprehensively analyzed. The keywords "Helicobacter pylori," "HP," "metabolic syndrome," "hypertension," "obesity," "diabetes," or "dyslipidemia" were used in all fields. No language restrictions were imposed. Results MS was strongly correlated to HP infection. The inflammatory response and inflammatory factors produced during HP infection are important etiological factors for insulin resistance and MS. The co-occurrence of long-term chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction with MS may be the predisposing factor for HP infection. MS components, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity were also correlated with HP infection in one or both directions. Conclusions HP infection and MS may promote the pathogenesis of each other. The contribution of HP infection and MS to gastric cancer cannot be ruled out based on co-occurrence. The MS components diabetes and obesity may be bidirectionally correlated with HP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinli Xie
- Department of Physical Examination Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangjun He
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Danni Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of General Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruoqing Li
- Department of General Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
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20
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Xu S, Fan Y, Tan Y, Zhang L, Li X. Association between blood lipid levels and risk of gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288111. [PMID: 37418353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between blood lipid levels and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) is well known. Therefore, to clarify this association, all relevant prospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. METHODS Our study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022354899) prior to its commencement. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Chinese databases (CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP) and English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) were systematically searched up to October 2022. This study included all relevant cohort studies that reported hazard ratios (HRs) or relative risks (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to examine the association between various lipid profiles (e.g., total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC). Fixed effects or random effects models were used based on the level of heterogeneity among the studies, and these models were employed to obtain pooled hazard ratios. Additionally, sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were conducted to ensure the robustness and reliability of the findings. RESULTS After conducting a systematic search, a total of 10 studies were selected out of 10,525 papers involving a total of 5,564,520 individuals. Among these individuals, there were 41,408 GC cases. The analysis revealed that the highest versus lowest serum total cholesterol (TC) concentration was associated with a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% CI = 0.87-0.92, I2 = 15%). For triglycerides (TGs), the hazard ratio was 1.00 (95% CI = 0.96-1.04, I2 = 37%), while for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the hazard ratio was 0.90 (95% CI = 0.86-0.93, I2 = 0%). The hazard ratio for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91-1.00, I2 = 0%). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this meta-analysis, it was found that serum TC and HDL-C levels were inversely correlated with the risk of GC. No association was observed between serum TG levels and the risk of GC. Similarly, no association was found between serum LDL-C levels and the risk of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuyue Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xianrong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Dutta S, Shah RB, Singhal S, Dutta SB, Bansal S, Sinha S, Haque M. Metformin: A Review of Potential Mechanism and Therapeutic Utility Beyond Diabetes. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1907-1932. [PMID: 37397787 PMCID: PMC10312383 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s409373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin has been designated as one of the most crucial first-line therapeutic agents in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Primarily being an antihyperglycemic agent, metformin also has a plethora of pleiotropic effects on various systems and processes. It acts majorly by activating AMPK (Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase) in the cells and reducing glucose output from the liver. It also decreases advanced glycation end products and reactive oxygen species production in the endothelium apart from regulating the glucose and lipid metabolism in the cardiomyocytes, hence minimizing the cardiovascular risks. Its anticancer, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on malignant cells might prove instrumental in the malignancy of organs like the breast, kidney, brain, ovary, lung, and endometrium. Preclinical studies have also shown some evidence of metformin's neuroprotective role in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and Huntington's disease. Metformin exerts its pleiotropic effects through varied pathways of intracellular signalling and exact mechanism in the majority of them remains yet to be clearly defined. This article has extensively reviewed the therapeutic benefits of metformin and the details of its mechanism for a molecule of boon in various conditions like diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, polycystic ovarian disease, metabolic derangement in HIV, various cancers and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Rima B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Shubha Singhal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Sudeshna Banerjee Dutta
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Sumit Bansal
- Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Khulna City Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mainul Haque
- Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
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Bélanger V, Morel S, Napartuk M, Bouchard I, Meloche C, Curnier D, Sultan S, Laverdière C, Sinnett D, Marcil V. Abnormal HDL lipid and protein composition following pediatric cancer treatment: an associative study. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:72. [PMID: 37301877 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at high risk of having dyslipidemia including low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, little is known about the prevalence of low HDL-C and the impact of therapy exposure on HDL composition early after treatment is terminated. METHODS This associative study included 50 children and adolescents who had completed their cancer treatments (< 4 years). Clinical characteristics (demographic, diagnosis, treatment, anthropometric parameters), fasting plasma lipids, apoliporoteins (Apo) A-I and composition of HDL fractions (HDL2 and HDL3) were assessed. Data were stratified according to the presence of dyslipidemia and median doses of therapeutic agents and compared using Fisher exact or Mann-Whitney tests. Univariate binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to evaluate the associations between the clinical and biochemical characteristics and having low HDL-C. Composition of HDL2 and HDL3 particles was assessed in a sub-group of 15 patients and compared to 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls using Wilcoxon paired test. RESULTS Of the 50 pediatric cancer patients included in this study (mean age: 11.30 ± 0.72 y; mean time since end of treatment: 1.47 ± 0.12 y; male: 38%), 8 had low HDL-C (16%), all of which were adolescent at diagnosis. Higher doses of doxorubicin were associated with lower HDL-C and Apo A-I levels. In hypertriglyceridemic patients and compared to normolipidemics, triglycerides (TG) content was greater in HDL2 and HDL3 fractions whereas esterified cholesterol (EC) content was lower in HDL2. Enrich TG content of HDL3 and lower EC of HDL2 was found in patients exposed to ≥ 90 mg/m2 doxorubicin. Factors positively associated with the risk of having low HDL-C were age, being overweight or obese and exposure to doxorubicin ≥ 90 mg/m2. Compared to healthy controls, a sub-group of 15 patients showed higher TG and free cholesterol (FC) content of HDL2 and HDL3 and lower EC content in HDL3. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found abnormalities in HDL-C and Apo A-I levels and in HDL composition early after pediatric cancer treatment that are influenced by age, overweight or obesity status and exposure to doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Bélanger
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophia Morel
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Napartuk
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Bouchard
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Caroline Meloche
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Daniel Curnier
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Serge Sultan
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chem. de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Melloni M, Sergi D, Simioni C, Passaro A, Neri LM. Microalgae as a Nutraceutical Tool to Antagonize the Impairment of Redox Status Induced by SNPs: Implications on Insulin Resistance. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030449. [PMID: 36979141 PMCID: PMC10044993 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae represent a growing innovative source of nutraceuticals such as carotenoids and phenolic compound which are naturally present within these single-celled organisms or can be induced in response to specific growth conditions. The presence of the unfavourable allelic variant in genes involved in the control of oxidative stress, due to one or more SNPs in gene encoding protein involved in the regulation of redox balance, can lead to pathological conditions such as insulin resistance, which, in turn, is directly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review we provide an overview of the main SNPs in antioxidant genes involved in the promotion of insulin resistance with a focus on the potential role of microalgae-derived antioxidant molecules as novel nutritional tools to mitigate oxidative stress and improve insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
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Franczyk B, Gluba-Brzózka A, Ciałkowska-Rysz A, Ławiński J, Rysz J. The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on HDL Quantity and Quality: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054653. [PMID: 36902082 PMCID: PMC10003711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins comprise roughly 25-30% of the circulating proteins involved in the transport of lipids in circulation. These particles differ in size and lipid composition. Recent evidence suggests that the quality of HDL particles (which depends on shape, size and the composition of proteins and lipids determining HDL functionality) may be more important than their quantity. The functionality of HDL is mirrored by its cholesterol efflux activity, as well as its antioxidant (including the protection of LDL against oxidation), anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties. The results of many studies and meta-analyses imply the beneficial impact of aerobic exercise on HDL-C levels. Physical activity was found to be usually associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decrease in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Exercise, apart from inducing quantitative alterations in serum lipids, exerts a beneficial impact on HDL particle maturation, composition and functionality. The Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report underlined the importance of establishing a program recommending exercises that enable attainment of maximal advantage at the lowest level of risk. The aim of this manuscript is to review the impact of different types of aerobic exercise (various intensities and durations) on the level and quality of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Gluba-Brzózka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-639-3750
| | | | - Janusz Ławiński
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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25
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Role of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism L55M in the Paraoxonase 1 Gene as a Risk and Prognostic Factor in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5915-5932. [PMID: 36547064 PMCID: PMC9776864 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to explore the possible role of L55M, (rs 854560, 163T > A) SNP as a predisposing factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to assess its potency as a prognostic biomarker for short (1 year) survival and for median (5 years) and 9-year long patients’ outcome. Methods: The current work is a prospective case-control study with 77 patients with acute coronary syndrome (53 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI, 14 with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI and 10 with unstable angina, UA) and 122 control individuals. Patients were followed-up for 9 years. The genotyping for PON1 L55M SNP was carried on by PCR-RFLP method. Results: The results of the genotyping for PON1 L55M SNP showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.023) between the controls and the whole group of patients with acute coronary syndrome, as the individuals with genotype with at least one variant M allele had about 2.5-fold higher risk for developing ACS than those which are homozygous of the wild-type L allele (LL genotype). In patients with variant M allele genotypes (LM + MM) which suffer from non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTEACS, i.e., UA or NSTEMI), the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerols (TAG) are significantly higher than in NSTEACS patients with LL genotype (p = 0.022 for TC and p = 0.015 for TAG). There was no significant difference in the survival rate at the 1st, 5th and 9th year of follow-up between ACS patients with different genotypes, although it is worth to note that in the subgroup of NSTEACS, all patients (n = 13) with variant M allele genotypes (LM + MM) were alive at the end of the first year, while 2 of the patients with LL genotype (18.2%) were dead. Conclusions: The results of our current study suggest that the variant M allele and the M allele genotypes (LM + MM) of the PON1 L55M polymorphism are risk factors for acute coronary syndrome, especially for patients with STEMI, but do not support the possible effect of this polymorphism on the clinical progression and outcome of the patients with ACS either in short or long follow-up periods.
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26
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Fadaei R, Davies SS. Oxidative modification of HDL by lipid aldehydes impacts HDL function. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 730:109397. [PMID: 36116503 PMCID: PMC9670862 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol correlate with increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and HDL performs functions including reverse cholesterol transport, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and suppression of inflammation, that would appear critical for cardioprotection. However, several large clinical trials utilizing pharmacologic interventions that elevated HDL cholesterol levels failed to provide cardioprotection to at-risk individuals. The reasons for these unexpected results have only recently begun to be elucidated. HDL cholesterol levels and HDL function can be significantly discordant, so that elevating HDL cholesterol levels may not necessarily lead to increased functional capacity, particularly under conditions that cause HDL to become oxidatively modified, resulting in HDL dysfunction. Here we review evidence that oxidative modifications of HDL, including by reactive lipid aldehydes generated by lipid peroxidation, reduce HDL functionality and that dicarbonyl scavengers that protect HDL against lipid aldehyde modification are beneficial in pre-clinical models of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fadaei
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sean S Davies
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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High-Density Lipoprotein Suppresses Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Enhanced by Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein or Oxidized Phospholipids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213992. [PMID: 36430470 PMCID: PMC9698465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are found in patients with various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. We previously reported that copper-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) promotes NET formation of neutrophils, and that the resulting NETs increase the inflammatory responses of endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) on NET formation. HL-60-derived neutrophils were treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and further incubated with oxLDL and various concentrations of HDL for 2 h. NET formation was evaluated by quantifying extracellular DNA and myeloperoxidase. We found that the addition of native HDL partially decreased NET formation of neutrophils induced by oxLDL. This effect of HDL was lost when HDL was oxidized. We showed that oxidized phosphatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholine, which are generated in oxLDL, promoted NET formation of PMA-primed neutrophils, and NET formation by these products was completely blocked by native HDL. Furthermore, we found that an electronegative subfraction of LDL, LDL(-), which is separated from human plasma and is thought to be an in vivo oxLDL, was capable of promoting NET formation. These results suggest that plasma lipoproteins and their oxidative modifications play multiple roles in promoting NET formation, and that HDL acts as a suppressor of this response.
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28
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Fadaei R, Mohassel Azadi S, Rhéaume E, Khazaie H. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its relation with disease severity. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:116. [PMID: 36344946 PMCID: PMC9639319 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01723-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to an accelerated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some key CVD risk factors are present in patients suffering from OSA such as hypertension, inflammation, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is proposed as a reliable biomarker of HDL function and the present study aimed to quantify this biomarker in patients with OSA. Methods ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), non-ABCA1, and total CEC were determined in 69 polysomnographic-confirmed OSA patients and 23 controls. Moreover, paraoxonase (PON) activities, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) circulating levels were quantified in the studied population. Results: All CEC measures were reduced in the OSA group compared to the control group. Strikingly, ABCA1 CEC was diminished in severe OSA in comparison with mild OSA. Furthermore, PON activities and apo A-I showed lower levels, while hsCRP and apo B were elevated in OSA patients compared to controls. Moreover, ABCA1 CEC showed an inverse association with hsCRP and a positive association with apo A-I, while non-ABCA1 CEC presented an association with HDL-C. Conclusion These results suggest the presence of an impaired HDL function in OSA. In particular, ABCA1 CEC was associated with disease severity and inflammation which could be a factor increasing the risk of CVD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01723-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fadaei
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mohassel Azadi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eric Rhéaume
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit boulevard, Montreal, H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Torularhodin Alleviates Hepatic Dyslipidemia and Inflammations in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice via PPARα Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196398. [PMID: 36234935 PMCID: PMC9572851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Torularhodin is a β-carotene-like compound from Sporidiobolus pararoseus, and its protective effect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic dyslipidemia and inflammation was investigated. Compared to mice of C57BL/6J fed on HFD, the addition of Torularhodin into the HFD (HFD-T) significantly reduced body weight, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and the inflammatory mediators of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A significant increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), which is beneficial to cholesterol clearance, was also observed in HFD-T group. Proteomic analysis showed HDL-C-c is highly correlated with proteins (e.g., CPT1A and CYP7A1) involved in lipid β-oxidation and bile acid synthesis, whereas the other phenotypic parameters (TC, TG, LDL, and inflammatory cytokines) are highly associated with proteins (e.g., SLC27A4) involved in lipid-uptake. The up-regulated anti-inflammation proteins FAS, BAX, ICAM1, OCLN, GSTP1, FAF1, LRP1, APEX1, ROCK1, MANF, STAT3, and INSR and down-regulated pro-inflammatory proteins OPTN, PTK2B, FADD, MIF, CASP3, YAP1, DNM1L, and NAMPT not only demonstrate the occurrence of HFD-induced hepatic inflammation, but also prove the anti-inflammatory property of Torularhodin. KEGG signaling pathway analysis revealed that the PPARα signaling pathway is likely fundamental to the health function of Torularhodin through up-regulating genes related to fatty acid β-oxidation, cholesterol excretion, HDL-Cc formation, and anti-inflammation. Torularhodin, as a new food resource, may act as a therapeutic agent to prevent hepatic dyslipidemia and related inflammation for improved health.
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Li C, Fu Y, Li Q, Yang X, Wang W, Jin X, Bian L, Zhao H, Li D, Gao J, Du N, Peng L. Postoperative high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:884371. [PMID: 35924162 PMCID: PMC9339602 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.884371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The relationship between serum lipids and prognosis of gastric cancer has not been confirmed. Our purpose in the study was to investigate the associations between preoperative and postoperative serum lipids level and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 431 patients who received radical (R0) gastrectomy from 2011 to 2013. Preoperative and postoperative serum lipids level were recorded. Clinical-pathological characteristics, oncologic outcomes, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were collected. The prognostic significance was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results There was no significant difference in DFS and OS according to preoperative serum lipids level. Regarding postoperative serum lipids level, compared to normal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low postoperative HDL-C level indicated a shorter OS (hazard ratio: 1.76, 99% confidence interval: 1.31–2.38; P=0.000) and a shorter DFS (hazard ratio: 2.06, 99% confidence interval: 1.55–2.73; P=0.000). However, other postoperative serum lipid molecules were not associated with DFS and OS. Conclusion Postoperative HDL-C might be an independent prognostic factor of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuwen Li
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhui Yang
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Senior Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of People' s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Senior Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Medical Center of People' s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Bian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hainan Hospital of People' s Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Donghui Li
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Du
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Peng, ; Nan Du,
| | - Liang Peng
- Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Peng, ; Nan Du,
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Adam S, Ho JH, Liu Y, Siahmansur T, Siddals K, Iqbal Z, Azmi S, Senapati S, New J, Jeziorska M, Ammori BJ, Syed AA, Donn R, Malik RA, Durrington PN, Soran H. Bariatric Surgery-induced High-density Lipoprotein Functionality Enhancement Is Associated With Reduced Inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2182-2194. [PMID: 35639942 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests an association between impaired high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). HDL is essential for reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress principally via paraoxonase-1 (PON1). RCT depends on HDL's capacity to accept cholesterol (cholesterol efflux capacity [CEC]) and active transport through ATP-binding cassette (ABC) A1, G1, and scavenger receptor-B1 (SR-B1). We have studied the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in morbidly obese subjects on RCT and HDL functionality. METHODS Biomarkers associated with increased CVD risk including tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), myeloperoxidase mass (MPO), PON1 activity, and CEC in vitro were measured in 44 patients before and 6 and 12 months after RYGB. Overweight but otherwise healthy (mean body mass index [BMI] 28 kg/m2) subjects acted as controls. Twelve participants also underwent gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies before and 6 months after RYGB for targeted gene expression (ABCA1, ABCG1, SR-B1, TNF-α) and histological analysis (adipocyte size, macrophage density, TNF-α immunostaining). RESULTS Significant (P < 0.05) improvements in BMI, HDL-cholesterol, hsCRP, TNF-α, MPO mass, PON1 activity, and CEC in vitro were observed after RYGB. ABCG1 (fold-change, 2.24; P = 0.005) and ABCA1 gene expression increased significantly (fold-change, 1.34; P = 0.05). Gluteal fat adipocyte size (P < 0.0001), macrophage density (P = 0.0067), and TNF-α immunostaining (P = 0.0425) were reduced after RYBG and ABCG1 expression correlated inversely with TNF-α immunostaining (r = -0.71; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION RYGB enhances HDL functionality in association with a reduction in adipose tissue and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwaan Adam
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Jan H Ho
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Yifen Liu
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
| | - Tarza Siahmansur
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
| | - Kirk Siddals
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
| | - Zohaib Iqbal
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Shazli Azmi
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Siba Senapati
- Department of Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, United Kingdom
| | - John New
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Jeziorska
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
| | - Basil J Ammori
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, United Kingdom
| | - Akheel A Syed
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, United Kingdom
| | - Rachelle Donn
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
| | - Rayaz A Malik
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- Weill-Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Paul N Durrington
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
| | - Handrean Soran
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
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Raza ST, Abbas S, Wani IA, Eba A, Mahdi F. Clinical implications of PON1 (rs662) and TNF-α (rs1799964) genes polymorphism in patients with coronary artery disease. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common kind of heart problem, currently became one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is predicted to persist so for the next 20 years. The global risk factors to CAD include atherosclerosis, genetic predisposition, environment and the lifestyle. This study is aimed to find out the genotypic association of PON1 (rs662) and TNF-α (rs1799964) genes with CAD among North Indian populations. A total of 330 subjects including 175 CAD cases and 155 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method. χ2 and Student's t-tests were applied for the comparison of alleles and genotype frequencies in cases and controls. Logistic regression analysis was applied to calculate the 95% confidence intervals and odds ratios (OR) for assessing the association of genotype with disease.
Results
The PON1 gene QQ, QR, RR genotypes frequencies were 36.57%, 50.29%, 13.14% in CAD cases and 60%, 38.71%, 1.29% in controls, respectively. OR for the genotype QQ, QR, RR was 0.38, 1.6, 11.57 (P < 0.001, P = 0.035, P < 0.001). The TNF-α gene CC, CT, TT genotypes frequencies in cases were 4.57%, 50.29%, 45.14% and controls 3.23%, 46.45%, 50.32%, respectively. OR for CC, CT, TT genotype was 1.437, 1.166, 0.812 (P = 0.531, P = 0.487, P = 0.347). We found significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of PON1 gene between cases and control, while no significant difference was observed in TNF-α gene between cases and control.
Conclusions
The PON1 (rs662) gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with an elevated risk of CAD, while no significant association was observed with TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphism and the risk of CAD.
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Busnelli M, Manzini S, Colombo A, Franchi E, Bonacina F, Chiara M, Arnaboldi F, Donetti E, Ambrogi F, Oleari R, Lettieri A, Horner D, Scanziani E, Norata GD, Chiesa G. Lack of ApoA-I in ApoEKO Mice Causes Skin Xanthomas, Worsening of Inflammation, and Increased Coronary Atherosclerosis in the Absence of Hyperlipidemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:839-856. [PMID: 35587694 PMCID: PMC9205301 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and its major protein component, apoA-I (apolipoprotein A-I), play a unique role in cholesterol homeostasis and immunity. ApoA-I deficiency in hyperlipidemic, atheroprone mice was shown to drive cholesterol accumulation and inflammatory cell activation/proliferation. The present study was aimed at investigating the impact of apoA-I deficiency on lipid deposition and local/systemic inflammation in normolipidemic conditions. Methods: ApoE deficient mice, apoE/apoA-I double deficient (DKO) mice, DKO mice overexpressing human apoA-I, and C57Bl/6J control mice were fed normal laboratory diet until 30 weeks of age. Plasma lipids were quantified, atherosclerosis development at the aortic sinus and coronary arteries was measured, skin ultrastructure was evaluated by electron microscopy. Blood and lymphoid organs were characterized through histological, immunocytofluorimetric, and whole transcriptome analyses. Results: DKO were characterized by almost complete HDL deficiency and by plasma total cholesterol levels comparable to control mice. Only DKO showed xanthoma formation and severe inflammation in the skin-draining lymph nodes, whose transcriptome analysis revealed a dramatic impairment in energy metabolism and fatty acid oxidation pathways. An increased presence of CD4+ T effector memory cells was detected in blood, spleen, and skin-draining lymph nodes of DKO. A worsening of atherosclerosis at the aortic sinus and coronary arteries was also observed in DKO versus apoE deficient. Human apoA-I overexpression in the DKO background was able to rescue the skin phenotype and halt atherosclerosis development. Conclusions: HDL deficiency, in the absence of hyperlipidemia, is associated with severe alterations of skin morphology, aortic and coronary atherosclerosis, local and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Busnelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Manzini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Colombo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Elsa Franchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bonacina
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiara
- Department of Biosciences (M.C., D.H.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy (M.C., D.H.)
| | - Francesca Arnaboldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (F. Arnaboldi, E.D.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Donetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (F. Arnaboldi, E.D.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Ambrogi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (F. Ambrogi), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Oleari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Lettieri
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - David Horner
- Department of Biosciences (M.C., D.H.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy (M.C., D.H.)
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (E.S.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), Fondazione UniMi, Milan, Italy (E.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.,Centro per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello B, Milan, Italy (G.D.N.)
| | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., E.F., F.B., R.O., A.L., G.D.N., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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Zocchi M, Della Porta M, Lombardoni F, Scrimieri R, Zuccotti GV, Maier JA, Cazzola R. A Potential Interplay between HDLs and Adiponectin in Promoting Endothelial Dysfunction in Obesity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1344. [PMID: 35740366 PMCID: PMC9220412 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an epidemic public health problem that has progressively worsened in recent decades and is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) in metabolic tissues and an increased risk of several diseases. In particular, LGCI alters metabolism and increases cardiovascular risk by impairing endothelial function and altering the functions of adiponectin and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). Adiponectin is an adipokine involved in regulating energy metabolism and body composition. Serum adiponectin levels are reduced in obese individuals and negatively correlate with chronic sub-clinical inflammatory markers. HDLs are a heterogeneous and complex class of lipoproteins that can be dysfunctional in obesity. Adiponectin and HDLs are strictly interdependent, and the maintenance of their interplay is essential for vascular function. Since such a complex network of interactions is still overlooked in clinical settings, this review aims to highlight the mechanisms involved in the impairment of the HDLs/adiponectin axis in obese patients to predict the risk of cardiovascular diseases and activate preventive countermeasures. Here, we provide a narrative review of the role of LGCI in altering HDLs, adiponectin and endothelial functions in obesity to encourage new studies about their synergic effects on cardiovascular health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Zocchi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.S.); (G.V.Z.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Matteo Della Porta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.S.); (G.V.Z.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Federico Lombardoni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.S.); (G.V.Z.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Roberta Scrimieri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.S.); (G.V.Z.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.S.); (G.V.Z.); (J.A.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Jeanette A. Maier
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.S.); (G.V.Z.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Roberta Cazzola
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.S.); (G.V.Z.); (J.A.M.)
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35
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Dong W, Wong KHY, Liu Y, Levy-Sakin M, Hung WC, Li M, Li B, Jin SC, Choi J, Lopez-Giraldez F, Vaka D, Poon A, Chu C, Lao R, Balamir M, Movsesyan I, Malloy MJ, Zhao H, Kwok PY, Kane JP, Lifton RP, Pullinger CR. Whole-exome sequencing reveals damaging gene variants associated with hypoalphalipoproteinemia. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100209. [PMID: 35460704 PMCID: PMC9126845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Low levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with an elevated risk of arteriosclerotic coronary heart disease. Heritability of HDL-C levels is high. In this research discovery study, we used whole-exome sequencing to identify damaging gene variants that may play significant roles in determining HDL-C levels. We studied 204 individuals with a mean HDL-C level of 27.8 ± 6.4 mg/dl (range: 4-36 mg/dl). Data were analyzed by statistical gene burden testing and by filtering against candidate gene lists. We found 120 occurrences of probably damaging variants (116 heterozygous; four homozygous) among 45 of 104 recognized HDL candidate genes. Those with the highest prevalence of damaging variants were ABCA1 (n = 20), STAB1 (n = 9), OSBPL1A (n = 8), CPS1 (n = 8), CD36 (n = 7), LRP1 (n = 6), ABCA8 (n = 6), GOT2 (n = 5), AMPD3 (n = 5), WWOX (n = 4), and IRS1 (n = 4). Binomial analysis for damaging missense or loss-of-function variants identified the ABCA1 and LDLR genes at genome-wide significance. In conclusion, whole-exome sequencing of individuals with low HDL-C showed the burden of damaging rare variants in the ABCA1 and LDLR genes is particularly high and revealed numerous occurrences in HDL candidate genes, including many genes identified in genome-wide association study reports. Many of these genes are involved in cancer biology, which accords with epidemiologic findings of the association of HDL deficiency with increased risk of cancer, thus presenting a new area of interest in HDL genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilai Dong
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Karen H Y Wong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Youbin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michal Levy-Sakin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wei-Chien Hung
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Boyang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheng Chih Jin
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Dedeepya Vaka
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annie Poon
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Chu
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard Lao
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Melek Balamir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Irina Movsesyan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mary J Malloy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pui-Yan Kwok
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John P Kane
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Clive R Pullinger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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36
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Narciso L, Martinelli A, Torriani F, Frassanito P, Bernardini R, Chiarotti F, Marianelli C. Natural Mineral Waters and Metabolic Syndrome: Insights From Obese Male and Female C57BL/6 Mice on Caloric Restriction. Front Nutr 2022; 9:886078. [PMID: 35685873 PMCID: PMC9172593 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.886078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents one of the greatest challenges to public health given its serious consequences on cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. A carbohydrate-restricted, low-fat diet is the current therapy for MetS. Natural mineral waters (NMWs) are known to exert beneficial effects on human health. Our primary objective was to shed light on the potential therapeutic properties of NMWs in MetS. A total of 125 C57BL/6 male and female mice were included in the study. Of these, 10 were left untreated. They were fed a standard diet with tap water throughout the study period, and stayed healthy. The remaining 115 mice were initially fed a high-calorie diet (HCD) consisting of a high-fat feed (60% of energy from fat) with 10% fructose in tap water, served ad libitum over a period of 4 months to induce MetS (the MetS induction phase). Mice were then randomly divided into six treatment groups and a control group, all of which received a low-calorie diet (LCD), but with a different kind of drinking water, for 2 months (the treatment phase). Five groups were each treated with a different kind of NMW, one group by alternating the five NMWs, and one group – the control group – was given tap water. Body weight and blood biochemistry were monitored over the 6-month trial. After 4 months, male and female mice on HCD developed obesity, hypercholesterolaemia and hyperglycaemia, although gains in body weight, total cholesterol, and blood glucose in males were greater than those observed in females (P < 0.0001). When combined with an LCD, the NMWs rich in sulphate, magnesium and bicarbonate, and the minimally mineralised one were the most effective in reducing the blood levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and glucose. Sex differences emerged during both the MetS induction phase and the treatment phase. These results suggest that NMWs rich in specific macronutrients, such as bicarbonate, sulphate and magnesium, and minimally mineralised water, in combination with an LCD, may contribute to controlling blood lipid and glucose levels in subjects with MetS. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and to extend them to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Narciso
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinelli
- Centre for Animal Experimentation and Well-Being, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Torriani
- Centre for Animal Experimentation and Well-Being, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Frassanito
- Centre for Animal Experimentation and Well-Being, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernardini
- Interdepartmental Center for Comparative Medicine, Alternative Techniques and Aquaculture, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Chiarotti
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marianelli
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Cinzia Marianelli,
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37
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Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040784. [PMID: 35453469 PMCID: PMC9030255 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a redox disease. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation induce a switch of metabolic homeostatic set points, leading to glucose intolerance. Several diabetes-specific mechanisms contribute to prominent oxidative distress in the heart, resulting in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Mitochondrial overproduction of reactive oxygen species in diabetic subjects is not only caused by intracellular hyperglycemia in the microvasculature but is also the result of increased fatty oxidation and lipotoxicity in cardiomyocytes. Mitochondrial overproduction of superoxide anion radicals induces, via inhibition of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, an increased polyol pathway flux, increased formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and activation of the receptor for AGE (RAGE), activation of protein kinase C isoforms, and an increased hexosamine pathway flux. These pathways not only directly contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy but are themselves a source of additional reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species and oxidative distress lead to cell dysfunction and cellular injury not only via protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and oxidative changes in microRNAs but also via activation of stress-sensitive pathways and redox regulation. Investigations in animal models of diabetic cardiomyopathy have consistently demonstrated that increased expression of the primary antioxidant enzymes attenuates myocardial pathology and improves cardiac function.
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Diab A, Valenzuela Ripoll C, Guo Z, Javaheri A. HDL Composition, Heart Failure, and Its Comorbidities. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:846990. [PMID: 35350538 PMCID: PMC8958020 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.846990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although research on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has historically focused on atherosclerotic coronary disease, there exists untapped potential of HDL biology for the treatment of heart failure. Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and endothelial protective properties of HDL could impact heart failure pathogenesis. HDL-associated proteins such as apolipoprotein A-I and M may have significant therapeutic effects on the myocardium, in part by modulating signal transduction pathways and sphingosine-1-phosphate biology. Furthermore, because heart failure is a complex syndrome characterized by multiple comorbidities, there are complex interactions between heart failure, its comorbidities, and lipoprotein homeostatic mechanisms. In this review, we will discuss the effects of heart failure and associated comorbidities on HDL, explore potential cardioprotective properties of HDL, and review novel HDL therapeutic targets in heart failure.
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Cartolano FDC, Dias GD, Miyamoto S, Damasceno NRT. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Improve Functionality of High-Density Lipoprotein in Individuals With High Cardiovascular Risk: A Randomized, Parallel, Controlled and Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 8:767535. [PMID: 35281761 PMCID: PMC8905646 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.767535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids have been extensively studied for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular health, but their ability to modulate HDL functionality remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of ω-3, rich in eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), on HDL functionality. For that, 147 individuals with high cardiovascular risk were randomized in ω-3 (1 g of fish oil each - 370 mg of EPA and 230 mg of DHA, 3 times per day total EPA+DHA = 1,800 mg) or ω-6 groups (1 g of sunflower oil each - 760 mg of linoleic acid, 3 times per day; total linoleic acid = 2,280 mg). Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline time and after 8 weeks of follow-up and, and the lipid profile and glucose metabolism were evaluated from plasma. From HDL, the fatty acid profile, apolipoproteins (Apo AI, CII and CIII), paraoxonase-1 (PON1), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), subfractions and antioxidant activity were investigated. Omega-3 improved large HDL (HDL = 28.7%) and reduced small HDL (HDL10 = −10.6%) and the non-esterified fatty acids in HDL (NEFAs-HDL) level (−16.2%). A significant reduction in CETP activity was observed in the ω-3group (Δ ω-6 = 3.60 pmol/ul/h and Δ ω-3 = −1.99 pmol/ul/h; p = 0.044). The antioxidant capacity estimated by Lag time analysis did not change after the ω-3intervention. Changes in PON1 and Apo AI were inversely associated with increased incorporation of EPA (AOR = 0.446; IC = 0.200–0.994) and DHA (AOR = 0.351; IC = 0.150–0.821) in HDL, respectively. Cardioprotective profile obtained by pooled fatty acids analysis was related to a decrease in Apo CIII (r = −0.638; p = 0.002) and CETP (r = −0.341; p = 0.012) and an increase in Apo CII (r = 0.448; p = 0.042) and PON1 (r = 0.388; p = 0.003). In conclusion, omega-3 was effective in the reduction of cardiovascular risk associated with HDL functionality by size improvement and changes in its lipid, antioxidant and enzyme composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia De Conti Cartolano
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Duarte Dias
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Modified Lipids, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo (IQ-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno
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Zhang J, Yang Q, Liu Q, Liu S, Zhu Y, Yao J, Wang H, Guan W. The responses of harmful dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi to simulated ocean acidification at the transcriptional level. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 111:102167. [PMID: 35016771 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The HAB-forming, toxic dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi, previously found to benefit from ocean acidification (OA), was cultivated to investigate its transcriptional response to simulated OA for 30 generations. Batch cultures were grown under two CO2 concentrations, 450 (control) and 1100 (simulated OA) μatm, and physiological parameters [growth, pigments, catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity], as well as transcriptomes (obtained via RNA-seq), were compared. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) and carotenoid (Caro) contents, as well as CAT and GR activities, were significantly increased under OA conditions. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 2,490 differentially expressed unigenes in response to OA, which comprised 1.54% of all unigenes. A total of 1,121 unigenes were upregulated, and 1,369 unigenes were downregulated in OA compared to control conditions. The downregulated expression of bicarbonate transporter and carbonic anhydrase genes was a landmark of OA acclimation. Key genes involved in energy metabolism, e.g., photosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and nitrogen metabolism, were highly upregulated under OA, contributing to increases in the Chl a (55.05%) and Caro (28.37%). The enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (i.e. CAT, GR) and upregulated genes (i.e. glutathione peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, heat shock protein, 20S proteasome, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and apolipoprotein) benefit cells against the potential lower pH stress condition under OA. In addition, the downregulation of four genes associated with motility suggested that the preserved energy could further boost growth. In conclusion, the present study suggests that K. mikimotoi exhibits efficient gene expression regulation for the utilization of energy and resistance to OA-induced stress. Taken together, K. mikimotoi appeared as a tolerant species in response to OA. Thus, more extensive algal blooms that threaten marine organisms are likely in the future. These findings expand current knowledge on the gene expression of HAB-forming species in response to future OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhu Zhang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qiongying Yang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qianlou Liu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiang Yao
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Xinyang Vocational and Technical College, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Wanchun Guan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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De Geest B, Mishra M. Role of Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure: Insights from Gene Transfer Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111645. [PMID: 34829874 PMCID: PMC8615706 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological circumstances, there is an exquisite balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS degradation, resulting in low steady-state ROS levels. ROS participate in normal cellular function and in cellular homeostasis. Oxidative stress is the state of a transient or a persistent increase of steady-state ROS levels leading to disturbed signaling pathways and oxidative modification of cellular constituents. It is a key pathophysiological player in pathological hypertrophy, pathological remodeling, and the development and progression of heart failure. The heart is the metabolically most active organ and is characterized by the highest content of mitochondria of any tissue. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS in the myocardium. The causal role of oxidative stress in heart failure is highlighted by gene transfer studies of three primary antioxidant enzymes, thioredoxin, and heme oxygenase-1, and is further supported by gene therapy studies directed at correcting oxidative stress linked to metabolic risk factors. Moreover, gene transfer studies have demonstrated that redox-sensitive microRNAs constitute potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of heart failure. In conclusion, gene therapy studies have provided strong corroborative evidence for a key role of oxidative stress in pathological remodeling and in the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Geest
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-372-059
| | - Mudit Mishra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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Banach M, Burchardt P, Chlebus K, Dobrowolski P, Dudek D, Dyrbuś K, Gąsior M, Jankowski P, Jóźwiak J, Kłosiewicz-Latoszek L, Kowalska I, Małecki M, Prejbisz A, Rakowski M, Rysz J, Solnica B, Sitkiewicz D, Sygitowicz G, Sypniewska G, Tomasik T, Windak A, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz D, Cybulska B. PoLA/CFPiP/PCS/PSLD/PSD/PSH guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of lipid disorders in Poland 2021. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:1447-1547. [PMID: 34900032 PMCID: PMC8641518 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/141941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In Poland there are still nearly 20 million individuals with hypercholesterolaemia, most of them are unaware of their condition; that is also why only ca. 5% of patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia have been diagnosed; that is why other rare cholesterol metabolism disorders are so rarely diagnosed in Poland. Let us hope that these guidelines, being an effect of work of experts representing 6 main scientific societies, as well as the network of PoLA lipid centers being a part of the EAS lipid centers, certification of lipidologists by PoLA, or the growing number of centers for rare diseases, with a network planned by the Ministry of Health, improvements in coordinated care for patients after myocardial infarction (KOS-Zawał), reimbursement of innovative agents, as well as introduction in Poland of an effective primary prevention program, will make improvement in relation to these unmet needs in diagnostics and treatment of lipid disorders possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI) in Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Burchardt
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology, and Internal Medicine, K. Marcinkowski Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Unit, J. Strus Hospital, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Chlebus
- First Department and Chair of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Dobrowolski
- Department of Hypertension, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Dudek
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dyrbuś
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gąsior
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, Poland
| | - Piotr Jankowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Jóźwiak
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | | | - Irina Kowalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maciej Małecki
- Department and Chair of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksander Prejbisz
- Department of Hypertension, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Rakowski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Chair of Nephrology, Arterial Hypertension, and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bogdan Solnica
- Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Sitkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Sygitowicz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Sypniewska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, L. Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Tomasz Tomasik
- Chair of Family Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Windak
- Chair of Family Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz
- Department and Chair of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, K. Marcinkowski Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Cybulska
- National Institute of Public Health NIH – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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The effect of a high-selenium lentil diet on cardiovascular risk markers in an arsenic-exposed population. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 76:772-774. [PMID: 34675401 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-01029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic exposure is associated with a number of systemic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Selenium has been shown to promote arsenic excretion from the body. We investigated if a high-selenium lentil diet has an effect on blood pressure and plasma lipid levels in an arsenic-exposed population by conducting a 6-month randomized controlled dietary intervention trial with 405 participants.
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Pires RS, Braga PGS, Santos JMB, Amaral JB, Amirato GR, Trettel CS, Dos Santos CAF, Vaisberg M, Nali LHS, Vieira RP, Maranhão RC, Pithon-Curi TC, Barros MP, Bachi ALL. l-Glutamine supplementation enhances glutathione peroxidase and paraoxonase-1 activities in HDL of exercising older individuals. Exp Gerontol 2021; 156:111584. [PMID: 34653558 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is an important factor in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) harbors paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), key enzymes in the protection against the harmful effects of oxidative stress. Although exercise training can increase both HDL-c content and its antioxidant action, and glutamine (Gln) intake also promotes GPx-based defenses, the association between exercise training and Gln in the regulation of PON-1 activity was not explored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Gln supplementation on the redox balance and on the total HDL antioxidant capacity by evaluation of the activity of PON-1 and GPx enzymes in physically exercised elderly individuals compared to non-exercised ones. METHODS Fifty-one practitioners of a combined exercise training program (CET, age: 71.9 ± 5.7 years) and 32 non-practitioners (NP, age: 73 ± 6.3 years) participated in the study. CET and NP groups were separated into 2 subgroups according to the supplementation: Gln, 0.3 g/kg/day + 10 g maltodextrin (CET-Gln, n = 26; and NP-Gln, n = 16) or placebo, 10 g maltodextrin (CET-PL, n = 25; and NP-PL, n = 16). Blood samples were drawn at baseline and after 30 days after commencement of the supplementation for biochemical and enzyme activity analyses. RESULTS Increased HDL-c, total peroxidase (PRx), and GPx activities were found in both CET-Gln and NP-Gln after the supplementation period, compared to baseline, in opposition to CET-PL and NP-PL groups. PON-1 activity increased only in CET-Gln. In both CET-Gln and NP-Gln groups, there was a reduction of the total peroxides/PRx, iron/PRx, and total peroxides/GPX ratios after supplementation. In CET-Gln, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS)/PRx and TBARS/GPx ratios were also lower after supplementation. CET-Gln and CET-PL subgroups had lower glycemia than NP-Gln and NP-PL, either at baseline or after the supplementation periods. The other parameters were unchanged after supplementation [total cholesterol, LDL-c, triglycerides, non-HDL cholesterol, total peroxides, TBARS, iron serum, Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and uric acid]. CONCLUSIONS Gln supplementation can increase glutathione peroxidase activity regardless the individuals were physically active or sedentary, but the PON-1 activity only increased in physically active individuals. These results show the potential of Gln supplementation in the maintenance of the vascular redox balance, with potential implications for atherogenesis protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renier S Pires
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, SP 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Pedro G S Braga
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana M B Santos
- Post-Graduation Program in Science of Human and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP 11015-020, Brazil
| | - Jônatas B Amaral
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Gislene R Amirato
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Caio S Trettel
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports (ICAFE), Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP 01506-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos A F Dos Santos
- Department of Medicine (Geriatrics and Gerontology), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04020-050, Brazil
| | - Mauro Vaisberg
- ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Luis H S Nali
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, SP 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Post-Graduation Program in Science of Human and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP 11015-020, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP 08230-030, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São Jose dos Campos, SP 12245-520, Brazil
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Tania C Pithon-Curi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports (ICAFE), Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP 01506-000, Brazil
| | - Marcelo P Barros
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports (ICAFE), Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP 01506-000, Brazil
| | - André L L Bachi
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, SP 04829-300, Brazil; ENT Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04025-002, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São Jose dos Campos, SP 12245-520, Brazil.
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Investigation of Lipoproteins Oxidation Mechanisms by the Analysis of Lipid Hydroperoxide Isomers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101598. [PMID: 34679733 PMCID: PMC8533262 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous formation and accumulation of oxidized lipids (e.g., lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH)) which are present even in plasma lipoproteins of healthy subjects, are ultimately considered to be linked to various diseases. Because lipid peroxidation mechanisms (i.e., radical, singlet oxygen, and enzymatic oxidation) can be suppressed by certain proper antioxidants (e.g., radical oxidation is efficiently suppressed by tocopherol), in order to suppress lipid peroxidation successfully, the determination of the peroxidation mechanism involved in the formation of LOOH is deemed crucial. In this study, to determine the peroxidation mechanisms of plasma lipoproteins of healthy subjects, we develop novel analytical methods using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine hydroperoxide (PC 16:0/18:2;OOH) and cholesteryl linoleate hydroperoxide (CE 18:2;OOH) isomers. Using the newly developed methods, these PC 16:0/18:2;OOH and CE 18:2;OOH isomers in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of healthy subjects are analyzed. Consequently, it is found that predominant PC 16:0/18:2;OOH and CE 18:2;OOH isomers in LDL and HDL are PC 16:0/18:2;9OOH, PC 16:0/18:2;13OOH, CE 18:2;9OOH, and CE 18:2;13OOH, which means that PC and CE in LDL and HDL are mainly oxidized by radical and/or enzymatic oxidation. In conclusion, the insights about the oxidation mechanisms shown in this study would be useful for a more effective suppression of oxidative stress in the human organism.
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Maranhao Neto GA, Pavlovska I, Polcrova A, Mechanick JI, Infante-Garcia MM, Hernandez JP, Araujo MA, Nieto-Martinez R, Gonzalez-Rivas JP. Prediction of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Czech Adults: Normative Values and Association with Cardiometabolic Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10251. [PMID: 34639552 PMCID: PMC8507681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong independent predictor of morbidity and mortality. However, there is no recent information about the impact of CRF on cardiometabolic risk specifically in Central and Eastern Europe, which are characterized by different biological and social determinants of health. In this cross-sectional study normative CRF values were proposed and the association between CRF and cardiometabolic outcomes was evaluated in an adult Czechian population. In 2054 participants (54.6% females), median age 48 (IQR 19 years), the CRF was predicted from a non-exercise equation. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions were carried out to determine the associations. Higher CRF quartiles were associated with lower prevalence of hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dyslipidemia. Comparing subjects within the lowest CRF, we see that those within the highest CRF had decreased chances of hypertension (odds ratio (OR) = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.22-0.60); T2D (OR = 0.16; 0.05-0.47), low HDL-c (OR = 0.32; 0.17-0.60), high low-density lipoprotein (OR = 0.33; 0.21-0.53), high triglycerides (OR = 0.13; 0.07-0.81), and high cholesterol (OR = 0.44; 0.29-0.69). There was an inverse association between CRF and cardiometabolic outcomes, supporting the adoption of a non-exercise method to estimate CRF of the Czech population. Therefore, more accurate cardiometabolic studies can be performed incorporating the valuable CRF metric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo A. Maranhao Neto
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital (FNUSA), 656 92 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.P.); (A.P.); (M.M.I.-G.); (J.P.G.-R.)
| | - Iuliia Pavlovska
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital (FNUSA), 656 92 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.P.); (A.P.); (M.M.I.-G.); (J.P.G.-R.)
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Polcrova
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital (FNUSA), 656 92 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.P.); (A.P.); (M.M.I.-G.); (J.P.G.-R.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jeffrey I. Mechanick
- The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health at Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Maria M. Infante-Garcia
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital (FNUSA), 656 92 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.P.); (A.P.); (M.M.I.-G.); (J.P.G.-R.)
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas 1060, Venezuela;
| | | | - Miguel A. Araujo
- Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela;
| | - Ramfis Nieto-Martinez
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas 1060, Venezuela;
- Department of Global Health and Population. Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- LifeDoc Health, Memphis, TN 38119, USA
| | - Juan P. Gonzalez-Rivas
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital (FNUSA), 656 92 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.P.); (A.P.); (M.M.I.-G.); (J.P.G.-R.)
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas 1060, Venezuela;
- Department of Global Health and Population. Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Cai T, Al-Jubairi NN, Santos HO, de Souza IGO, Chen Y. Does letrozole treatment have favorable effects on the lipid profile? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Steroids 2021; 172:108875. [PMID: 34116112 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
As an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole reduces estrogen levels, affecting lipid indices because of the positive role of estrogens in modulating lipoproteins and lipids. Thus, our aim was to meta-analyze data regarding letrozole administration and its effects on the traditional lipid profile. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were performed based on the PRISMA guidelines. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and EMBASE databases were searched until February 11, 2021. From 341 potentially relevant publications, 8 RCTs were selected. All studies used 2.5 mg/d of letrozole. Total cholesterol changed significantly by -6.28 mg/dL (95% CI: -8.73, -3.84, P < 0.001) and HDL-C by -4.40 mg/dL (95% CI: -5.30 to -3.50, p < 0.001) in letrozole group when compared to the control group. Taking into account this comparison between groups, in contrast, LDL-C (WMD: -2.50 mg/dL, 95% CI: -9.94, 4.93, p = 0.510) and triglycerides (WMD: -0.89 mg/dL, 95% CI: -6.87 to 5.07, p = 0.768) did not alter. In conclusion, letrozole administration decreased the concentrations of HDL-C and tocal cholesterol, but not of triglycerides and LDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Huai'an Medical District, Eastern Theater General Hospital, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province 223001, China
| | | | - Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ivan G O de Souza
- Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Bahia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil
| | - Youdong Chen
- Department of Medical Service, No. 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230001, China.
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48
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Patanapirunhakit P, Karlsson H, Mulder M, Ljunggren S, Graham D, Freeman D. Sphingolipids in HDL - Potential markers for adaptation to pregnancy? Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158955. [PMID: 33933650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) exhibits many functions that render it an effective endothelial protective agent and may underlie its potential role in protecting the maternal vascular endothelium during pregnancy. In non-pregnant individuals, the HDL lipidome is altered in metabolic disease compared to healthy individuals and is linked to reduced cholesterol efflux, an effect that can be reversed by lifestyle management. Specific sphingolipids such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been shown to mediate the vaso-dilatory effects of plasma HDL via interaction with the endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. This review describes the relationship between plasma HDL and vascular function during healthy pregnancy and details how this is lost in pre-eclampsia, a disorder of pregnancy associated with widespread endothelial dysfunction. Evidence of a role for HDL sphingolipids, in particular S1P and ceramide, in cardiovascular disease and in healthy pregnancy and pre-eclampsia is discussed. Available data suggest that HDL-S1P and HDL-ceramide can mediate vascular protection in healthy pregnancy but not in preeclampsia. HDL sphingolipids thus are of potential importance in the healthy maternal adaptation to pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patamat Patanapirunhakit
- Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Monique Mulder
- Division of Pharmacology, Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Stefan Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Dilys Freeman
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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49
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Bonizzi A, Piuri G, Corsi F, Cazzola R, Mazzucchelli S. HDL Dysfunctionality: Clinical Relevance of Quality Rather Than Quantity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:729. [PMID: 34202201 PMCID: PMC8301425 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) represent a class of lipoproteins very heterogeneous in structure, composition, and biological functions, which carry out reverse cholesterol transport, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and vasodilator actions. Despite the evidence suggesting a clear inverse relationship between HDL cholesterol (HDL-c) concentration and the risk for cardiovascular disease, plasma HDL cholesterol levels do not predict the functionality and composition of HDLs. The importance of defining both the amount of cholesterol transported and lipoprotein functionality has recently been highlighted. Indeed, different clinical conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) can alter the HDL functionality, converting normal HDLs into dysfunctional ones, undergoing structural changes, and exhibiting proinflammatory, pro-oxidant, prothrombotic, and proapoptotic properties. The aim of the current review is to summarize the actual knowledge concerning the physical-chemical alteration of HDLs related to their functions, which have been found to be relevant in several pathological conditions associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Bonizzi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Piuri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Cazzola
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
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50
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Bacchetti T, Ferretti G, Carbone F, Ministrini S, Montecucco F, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Dysfunctional High-density Lipoprotein: The Role of Myeloperoxidase and Paraoxonase-1. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2842-2850. [PMID: 32674726 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200716112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Low circulating high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are not only defining criteria for metabolic syndrome, but are more generally associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and other chronic diseases. Oxidative stress, a hallmark of cardio-metabolic disease, further influences HDL activity by suppressing their function. Especially the leukocyte- derived enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) has recently attracted great interest as it catalyzes the formation of oxidizing reactive species that modify the structure and function of HDL, ultimately increasing cardiovascular risk. Contrariwise, paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an HDL-associated enzyme that protects HDL from lipid oxidation and then acts as a protective factor against ASCVD. It is noteworthy that recent studies have demonstrated how MPO, PON1 and HDL form a functional complex in which PON1 partially inhibits the MPO activity, while MPO in turn partially inactivates PON1.In line with that, a high MPO/PON1 ratio characterizes patients with ASCVD and metabolic syndrome and has been suggested as a potential marker of dysfunctional HDL as well as a predictor of ASCVD. In this review, we summarize the evidence on the interactions between MPO and PON1 with regard to their structure, function and interaction with HDL activity. We also provide an overview of in vitro and experimental animal models, finally focusing on clinical evidence from a cohort of patients with ASCVD and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Science and Odontostomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Internal Medicine Department, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
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