1
|
Du YX, Zhu YX, Li L, Yang J, Chen XP. Interaction of age and CYP2C19 genotypes on voriconazole steady-state trough concentration in Chinese patients. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2024; 34:191-198. [PMID: 38747453 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Both age and CYP2C19 genotypes affect voriconazole plasma concentration; the interaction of age and CYP2C19 genotypes on voriconazole plasma concentration remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the combined effects of age and CYP2C19 genotypes on voriconazole plasma concentration in Chinese patients. METHODS A total of 480 patients who received voriconazole treatment were recruited. CYP2C19*2 (rs4244285) and CYP2C19*3 (rs4986893) polymorphisms were genotyped. Patients were divided into the young and the elderly groups by age of 60 years old. Influence of CYP2C19 genotype on steady-state trough concentration (C ss-min ) in overall patients and in age subgroups was analyzed. RESULTS Voriconazole C ss-min correlated positively with age, and mean voriconazole C ss-min was significantly higher in the elderly group ( P < 0.001). CYP2C19 poor metabolizers showed significantly increased mean voriconazole C ss-min in the young but not the elderly group. The percentage of patients with subtherapeutic voriconazole C ss-min (<1.0 mg/l) was higher in the young group and that of supratherapeutic voriconazole C ss-min (>5.5 mg/l) was higher in the elderly patients. When the average C ss-min in the CYP2C19 normal metabolizer genotype was regarded as a reference, CYP2C19 genotypes showed greater impact on voriconazole C ss-min in the young group, while the influence of age on voriconazole C ss-min exceeded CYP2C19 genotypes in the elderly. CONCLUSION CYP2C19 genotypes affects voriconazole exposure is age dependent. Influence of CYP2C19 poor metabolizer genotype on increased voriconazoleexposure is prominent in the young, while age is a more important determinant factor for increased voriconazole exposure in the elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xiao Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan
| | - Ying-Xia Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Suárez M, Martínez-Blanco P, Gil-Rojas S, Torres AM, Torralba-González M, Mateo J. Assessment of Albumin-Incorporating Scores at Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis Using Machine Learning Techniques: An Evaluation of Prognostic Relevance. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:762. [PMID: 39199720 PMCID: PMC11351615 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11080762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents high mortality rates worldwide, with limited evidence on prognostic factors at diagnosis. This study evaluates the utility of common scores incorporating albumin as predictors of mortality at HCC diagnosis using Machine Learning techniques. They are also compared to other scores and variables commonly used. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 191 patients from Virgen de la Luz Hospital of Cuenca and University Hospital of Guadalajara. Demographic, analytical, and tumor-specific variables were included. Various Machine Learning algorithms were implemented, with eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) as the reference method. In the predictive model developed, the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer score was the best predictor of mortality, closely followed by the Platelet-Albumin-Bilirubin and Albumin-Bilirubin scores. Albumin levels alone also showed high relevance. Other scores, such as C-Reactive Protein/albumin and Child-Pugh performed less effectively. XGB proved to be the most accurate method across the metrics analyzed, outperforming other ML algorithms. In conclusion, the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, Platelet-Albumin-Bilirubin and Albumin-Bilirubin scores are highly reliable for assessing survival at HCC diagnosis. The XGB-developed model proved to be the most reliable for this purpose compared to the other proposed methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Suárez
- Gastroenterology Department, Virgen de la Luz Hospital, 16002 Cuenca, Spain
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Institute of Technology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Pablo Martínez-Blanco
- Gastroenterology Department, Virgen de la Luz Hospital, 16002 Cuenca, Spain
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Sergio Gil-Rojas
- Gastroenterology Department, Virgen de la Luz Hospital, 16002 Cuenca, Spain
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Ana M. Torres
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Institute of Technology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Miguel Torralba-González
- Internal Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Guadalajara, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Translational Research Group in Cellular Immunology (GITIC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jorge Mateo
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
- Medical Analysis Expert Group, Institute of Technology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu D, Lai J, Chen Q, Bai L. New advances of NG2-expressing cell subset in marrow mesenchymal stem cells as novel therapeutic tools for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:199. [PMID: 38971781 PMCID: PMC11227708 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC)-based therapy has become a major focus for treating liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. However, although these cell therapies promote the treatment of this disease, the heterogeneity of BMMSCs, which causes insufficient efficacy during clinical trials, has not been addressed. In this study, we describe a novel Percoll-Plate-Wait procedure (PPWP) for the isolation of an active cell subset from BMMSC cultures that was characterized by the expression of neuroglial antigen 2 (NG2/BMMSCs). METHODS By using the key method of PPWP and other classical biological techniques we compared NG2/BMMSCs with parental BMMSCs in biological and functional characteristics within a well-defined diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis injury male C57BL/6 mouse model also in a culture system. Of note, the pathological alterations in the model is quite similar to humans'. RESULTS The NG2/BMMSCs revealed more advantages compared to parentalBMMSCs. They exhibited greater proliferation potential than parental BMMSCs, as indicated by Ki-67 immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Moreover, higher expression of SSEA-3 (a marker specific for embryonic stem cells) was detected in NG2/BMMSCs than in parental BMMSCs, which suggested that the "stemness" of NG2/BMMSCs was greater than that of parental BMMSCs. In vivo studies revealed that an injection of NG2/BMMSCs into mice with ongoing DEN-induced liver fibrotic/cirrhotic injury enhanced repair and functional recovery to a greater extent than in mice treated with parental BMMSCs. These effects were associated with the ability of NG2/BMMSCs to differentiate into bile duct cells (BDCs). In particular, we discovered for the first time that NG2/BMMSCs exhibit unique characteristics that differ from those of parental BMMSCs in terms of producing liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) to reconstruct injured blood vessels and sinusoidal structures in the diseased livers, which are important for initiating hepatocyte regeneration. This unique potential may also suggest that NG2/BMMSCs could be an novel off-liver progenitor of LSECs. Ex vivo studies revealed that the NG2/BMMSCs exhibited a similar trend to that of their in vivo in terms of functional differentiation responding to the DEN-diseased injured liver cues. Additionally, the obvious core role of NG2/BMMSCs in supporting the functions of BMMSCs in bile duct repair and BDC-mediated hepatocyte regeneration might also be a novel finding. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the PPWP-isolated NG2/BMMSCs could be a novel effective cell subset with increased purity to serve as a new therapeutic tool for enhancing treatment efficacy of BMMSCs and special seed cell source (BDCs, LSECs) also for bioliver engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyu Hu
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing, 400038, P.R. China
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, No. 175 Gaotan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jiejuan Lai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing, 400038, P.R. China
| | - Quanyu Chen
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing, 400038, P.R. China
| | - Lianhua Bai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing, 400038, P.R. China.
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, No. 175 Gaotan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Doueiry C, Kappler CS, Martinez-Morant C, Duncan SA. A PNPLA3-Deficient iPSC-Derived Hepatocyte Screen Identifies Pathways to Potentially Reduce Steatosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7277. [PMID: 39000384 PMCID: PMC11242544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is increasing in adults and children. Unfortunately, effective pharmacological treatments remain unavailable. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein (PNPLA3 I148M) have the most significant genetic association with the disease at all stages of its progression. A roadblock to identifying potential treatments for PNPLA3-induced NAFLD is the lack of a human cell platform that recapitulates the PNPLA3 I148M-mediated onset of lipid accumulation. Hepatocyte-like cells were generated from PNPLA3-/- and PNPLA3I148M/M-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Lipid levels were measured by staining with BODIPY 493/503 and were found to increase in PNPLA3 variant iPSC-derived hepatocytes. A small-molecule screen identified multiple compounds that target Src/PI3K/Akt signaling and could eradicate lipid accumulation in these cells. We found that drugs currently in clinical trials for cancer treatment that target the same pathways also reduced lipid accumulation in PNPLA3 variant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caren Doueiry
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.D.); (C.M.-M.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Christiana S. Kappler
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.D.); (C.M.-M.)
| | - Carla Martinez-Morant
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.D.); (C.M.-M.)
| | - Stephen A. Duncan
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.D.); (C.M.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Singh K, Lamba M, Kumar V, Ahuja P, Gupta KK, Reddy H, Patwa A, Rungta S, Verma S. A Comparative Study of Novel Fibrosis Index and Other Non-invasive Serum Indices for Predicting Fibrosis in Patients of Chronic Liver Disease. Cureus 2024; 16:e63658. [PMID: 39092367 PMCID: PMC11293017 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic liver disease progression leads to liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Transient Elastography is used for staging liver fibrosis but ascites, obesity, and operator experience limit its applicability. In this study, we compared various non-invasive serum indices in predicting fibrosis in chronic liver disease patients. Materials and methods A total of 142 cases of confirmed Chronic Liver Disease were included. Quantitative determination of liver stiffness by Transient Elastography and relevant blood investigations was done. We compared the liver stiffness measurement by Transient Elastography and fibrosis indices, i.e., Aspartate Transaminase (AST) to Alanine Transaminase (ALT) Ratio (AAR), AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI), Fibrosis Index (FI), Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) Index, Age-Platelet Index (API), Pohl score, and Fibrosis Cirrhosis Index (FCI) with Novel Fibrosis Index (NFI), to predict liver fibrosis stages. Results The optimum cutoff of NFI for the F4 stage was ≥ 6670 with a sensitivity of 75.8% and specificity of 81.8%, for the F3 stage was ≥ 2112 with a sensitivity of 63.6% and specificity of 72.7%, and for the F2 stage was ≥ 1334 with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 56.3%. The NFI had the maximum area under the curve compared to other indices in predicting fibrosis stages. Conclusion The Novel Fibrosis Index was the best in predicting fibrosis stages in Chronic Liver Disease patients, with good performance in predicting the F4 stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubh Singh
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Mahak Lamba
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Pahul Ahuja
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - K K Gupta
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Himanshu Reddy
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Ajay Patwa
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Sumit Rungta
- Gastroenterology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Sudhir Verma
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gambardella G, Notari S, Criscuolo E, Lai O, Nardoni A, Massoud R, Micheli L, Bocedi A, Ricci G. Quantitation of oxidized and reduced albumin in mammals. An intriguing analytical question. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 757:110038. [PMID: 38750920 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Oxidized albumin is considered a short-term biomarker of oxidative stress and its measurement in blood contributes to evaluate the impact of diseases, drugs, dialytic treatments, physical activity, environmental contaminants etc. on the red-ox balance of humans as well as of other mammalians. Nevertheless, the most common methods for quantifying the oxidized and reduced albumins are costly and time-consuming. Furthermore, there is a dearth of information regarding the proper ways to store human serum or plasma samples in order to prevent inaccurate quantification of these various albumin forms. This paper explores these aspects and proposes a few spectrophotometric assay procedures which make the quantitation of oxidized and reduced albumin very fast, precise and un-expensive in various mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Gambardella
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Notari
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Criscuolo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Olga Lai
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Lazio e Della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Nardoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Lazio e Della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Massoud
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy; Department of Laboratory Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University Hospital, Viale Oxford 81, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sokal-Dembowska A, Jarmakiewicz-Czaja S, Ferenc K, Filip R. Can Nutraceuticals Support the Treatment of MASLD/MASH, and thus Affect the Process of Liver Fibrosis? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5238. [PMID: 38791276 PMCID: PMC11120776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are considered to be the main causes of fibrosis. In turn, fibrosis may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma or advanced cirrhosis, i.e., potentially life-threatening conditions. It is likely that therapy aimed at reducing the risk of developing hepatic steatosis and inflammation could be helpful in minimizing the threat/probability of organ fibrosis. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the influence of nutraceuticals in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. Therefore, the aim of this review was to describe the precise role of selected ingredients such as vitamin C, beta-carotene, omega-3 fatty acids, and curcumin. It is likely that the use of these ingredients in the treatment of patients with MASLD/MASH, along with behavioral and pharmacological therapy, may have a beneficial effect on combating inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and thereby preventing liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Sokal-Dembowska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Ferenc
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College, Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Rafał Filip
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College, Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Gastroenterology with IBD Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2, 35-301 Rzeszow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Anouti A, Al Hariri M, VanWagner LB, Lee WM, Mufti A, Pedersen M, Shah J, Hanish S, Vagefi PA, Cotter TG, Patel MS. Early Graft Failure After Living-Donor Liver Transplant. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1488-1495. [PMID: 38381224 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been increasing in the USA. While data exist on longer-term patient and graft outcomes, a contemporary analysis of short-term outcomes is needed. AIM Evaluate short-term (30-day) graft failure rates and identify predictors associated with these outcomes. METHODS Adult (≥ 18) LDLT recipients from 01/2004 to 12/2021 were analyzed from the United States Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. Graft status at 30 days was assessed with graft failure defined as retransplantation or death. Comparison of continuous and categorical variables was performed and a multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of early graft failure. RESULTS During the study period, 4544 LDLTs were performed with a graft failure rate of 3.4% (155) at 30 days. Grafts from male donors (aOR: 0.63, CI 0.44-0.89), right lobe grafts (aOR: 0.40, CI 0.27-0.61), recipients aged > 60 years (aOR: 0.52, CI 0.32-0.86), and higher recipient albumin (aOR: 0.73, CI 0.57-0.93) were associated with superior early graft outcomes, whereas Asian recipient race (vs. White; aOR: 3.75, CI 1.98-7.10) and a history of recipient PVT (aOR: 2.7, CI 1.52-4.78) were associated with inferior outcomes. LDLTs performed during the most recent 2016-2021 period (compared to 2004-2009 and 2010-2015) resulted in significantly superior outcomes (aOR: 0.45, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that while short-term adult LDLT graft failure is uncommon, there are opportunities for optimizing outcomes by prioritizing right lobe donation, improving candidate nutritional status, and careful pre-transplant risk assessment of candidates with known PVT. Notably, a period effect exists whereby increased LDLT experience in the most recent era correlated with improved outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Anouti
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Lisa B VanWagner
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - William M Lee
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Arjmand Mufti
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mark Pedersen
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jigesh Shah
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd, HP04.102, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Steven Hanish
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd, HP04.102, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Parsia A Vagefi
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd, HP04.102, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Thomas G Cotter
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Madhukar S Patel
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd, HP04.102, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Heybe MA, Mehta KJ. Role of albumin infusion in cirrhosis-associated complications. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:58. [PMID: 38551716 PMCID: PMC10980629 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is an advanced-stage liver disease that occurs due to persistent physiological insults such as excessive alcohol consumption, infections, or toxicity. It is characterised by scar tissue formation, portal hypertension, and ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity) in decompensated cirrhosis. This review evaluates how albumin infusion ameliorates cirrhosis-associated complications. Since albumin is an oncotic plasma protein, albumin infusion allows movement of water into the intravascular space, aids with fluid resuscitation, and thereby contributes to resolving cirrhosis-induced hypovolemia (loss of extracellular fluid) seen in ascites. Thus, albumin infusion helps prevent paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction, a complication that occurs when treating ascites. When cirrhosis advances, other complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome can manifest. Infused albumin helps mitigate these by exhibiting plasma expansion, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory functions. In hepatic encephalopathy, albumin infusion is thought to improve cognitive function by reducing ammonia concentration in blood and thereby tackle cirrhosis-induced hepatocyte malfunction in ammonia clearance. Infused albumin can also exhibit protective effects by binding to the cirrhosis-induced proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL6. While albumin administration has shown to prolong overall survival of cirrhotic patients with ascites in the ANSWER trial, the ATTIRE and MACHT trials have shown either no effect or limitations such as development of pulmonary oedema and multiorgan failure. Thus, albumin infusion is not a generic treatment option for all cirrhosis patients. Interestingly, cirrhosis-induced structural alterations in native albumin (which lead to formation of different albumin isoforms) can be used as prognostic biomarkers because specific albumin isoforms indicate certain complications of decompensated cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Heybe
- GKT School of Medical Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kosha J Mehta
- Centre for Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vega-Abellaneda S, Dopazo C, Yañez F, Soler Z, Xie Z, Canalda-Baltrons A, Pons-Tarín M, Bilbao I, Manichanh C. Microbiome composition recovery after liver transplantation correlates with initial liver disease severity and antibiotics treatment. Am J Transplant 2024:S1600-6135(24)00248-X. [PMID: 38556088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) is crucial for end-stage liver disease, but it is linked to infection risks. Pathobionts, microorganisms potentially harmful under specific conditions, can cause complications posttransplant. Monitoring such pathogens in fecal samples can be challenging and therefore remains underexplored post-LT. This study aimed to analyze the gut microbiome before and after LT, tracking pathobionts and correlating clinical data. The study involved 17 liver transplant recipients, 17 healthy relatives (spouses), and 13 donors. Gut samples collected pretranplantation and posttransplantation underwent bacterial and fungal profiling through DNA sequencing. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess microbial load. Statistical analyses included alpha and beta diversity measures, differential abundance analysis, and correlation tests between microbiome and clinical parameters. Microbiome analysis revealed dynamic changes in diversity posttransplant. Notably, high-severity patients showed persistent and greater dysbiosis during the first months post-LT compared with low-severity patients, partly due to an antibiotic treatment pre-LT. The analysis identified a higher proportion of pathogens such as Escherichia coli/Shigella flexneri in high-severity cases posttransplant. Furthermore, butyrate producers including Roseburia intestinalis, Anaerostipes hadrus, and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes were positively correlated with levels of albumin. This study offers valuable insights into post-LT microbiome changes, shedding light on the need for tailored prophylactic treatment post-LT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vega-Abellaneda
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Dopazo
- Department of HPB Surgery and Transplants, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Yañez
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaida Soler
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zixuan Xie
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Canalda-Baltrons
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Pons-Tarín
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itxarone Bilbao
- Department of HPB Surgery and Transplants, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Chaysavanh Manichanh
- Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Feng W, Xu Y, Su S, Yu F, Li J, Jia R, Song C, Li H, Xu P, Tang Y. Transcriptomic analysis of hydrogen peroxide-induced liver dysfunction in Cyprinus carpio: Insights into protein synthesis and metabolism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170393. [PMID: 38280587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a prevalent reactive oxygen species (ROS) found in natural aquatic environments, has garnered significant attention for its potential toxicity in fish. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this toxicity are not yet comprehensively understood. This study aimed to assess H2O2-induced liver dysfunction in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms via biochemical and transcriptomic analyses. Common carp were divided into normal control (NC) and H2O2-treated groups (1 mM H2O2), the latter of which was exposed to H2O2 for 1 h per day over a period of 14 days. Serum biochemical analyses indicated that exposure to H2O2 resulted in moderate liver damage, characterized by elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and lowered albumin (Alb) level. Concurrently, H2O2 exposure induced oxidative stress and modified the hepatic metabolic enzyme levels. Transcriptome analysis highlighted that 1358 and 1188 genes were significantly downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in the H2O2-treated group. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in protein synthesis and a variety of metabolic functions such as peptide biosynthetic processes, protein transport, ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis, oxoacid metabolic processes, and tricarboxylic acid metabolic processes. Dysregulation of protein synthesis is principally associated with the downregulation of three specific pathways: ribosome biogenesis, protein export, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Furthermore, metabolic abnormalities were primarily characterized by inhibition of the citrate cycle (TCA) and fatty acid biosynthesis. Significantly, anomalies in both protein synthesis and metabolic function may be linked to aberrant regulation of the insulin signaling pathway. These findings offer innovative insights into the mechanisms underlying H2O2 toxicity in aquatic animals, contributing to the assessment of ecological risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Feng
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yuanfeng Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Shengyan Su
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jianlin Li
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Changyou Song
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yongkai Tang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jia Q, Chen C, Xu A, Wang S, He X, Shen G, Luo Y, Tu H, Sun T, Wu X. A biological age model based on physical examination data to predict mortality in a Chinese population. iScience 2024; 27:108891. [PMID: 38384842 PMCID: PMC10879664 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological age could be reflective of an individual's health status and aging degree. Limited estimations of biological aging based on physical examination data in the Chinese population have been developed to quantify the rate of aging. We developed and validated a novel aging measure (Balanced-AGE) based on readily available physical health examination data. In this study, a repeated sub-sampling approach was applied to address the data imbalance issue, and this approach significantly improved the performance of biological age (Balanced-AGE) in predicting all-cause mortality with a 10-year time-dependent AUC of 0.908 for all-cause mortality. This mortality prediction tool was found to be effective across different subgroups by age, sex, smoking, and alcohol consumption status. Additionally, this study revealed that individuals who were underweight, smokers, or drinkers had a higher extent of age acceleration. The Balanced-AGE may serve as an effective and generally applicable tool for health assessment and management among the elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Jia
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Andi Xu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sicong Wang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojie He
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Guoli Shen
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yihong Luo
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huakang Tu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine and Health Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Karami E, Mesbahi Moghaddam M, Kazemi-Lomedasht F. Use of Albumin for Drug Delivery as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:676-693. [PMID: 37550918 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230807161200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery is an important topic that has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Albumin nanoparticles play a significant role in drug delivery as a carrier due to their unique characteristics. Albumin is non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable. Its structure is such that it can interact with different drugs, which makes the treatment of the disease faster and also reduces the side effects of the drug. Albumin nanoparticles can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's, etc. These nanoparticles can connect to some compounds, such as metal nanoparticles, antibodies, folate, etc. and create a powerful nanostructure for drug delivery. In this paper, we aim to investigate albumin nanoparticles in carrier format for drug delivery application. In the beginning, different types of albumin and their preparation methods were discussed, and then albumin nanoparticles were discussed in detail in diagnosing and treating various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Karami
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Kazemi-Lomedasht
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma L, Yin L, Zhu H, Li J, Wang D. Two-dimensional vascularized liver organoid on extracellular matrix with defined stiffness for modeling fibrotic and normal tissues. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241268344. [PMID: 39130682 PMCID: PMC11316963 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241268344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Antifibrotic drug screening requires evaluating the inhibitory effects of drug candidates on fibrotic cells while minimizing any adverse effects on normal cells. It is challenging to create organ-specific vascularized organoids that accurately model fibrotic and normal tissues for drug screening. Our previous studies have established methods for culturing primary microvessels and epithelial cells from adult tissues. In this proof-of-concept study, we used rats as a model organism to create a two-dimensional vascularized liver organoid model that comprised primary microvessels, epithelia, and stellate cells from adult livers. To provide appropriate substrates for cell culture, we engineered ECMs with defined stiffness to mimic the different stages of fibrotic tissues and normal tissues. We examined the effects of two TGFβ signaling inhibitors, A83-01 and pirfenidone, on the vascularized liver organoids on the stiff and soft ECMs. We found that A83-01 inhibited fibrotic markers while promoting epithelial genes of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. However, it inhibited microvascular genes on soft ECM, indicating a detrimental effect on normal tissues. Furthermore, A83-01 significantly promoted the expression of markers of stem cells and cancers, increasing the potential risk of it being a carcinogen. In contrast, pirfenidone, an FDA-approved compound for antifibrotic treatments, did not significantly affect all the genes examined on soft ECM. Although pirfenidone had minor effects on most genes, it did reduce the expression of collagens, the major components of fibrotic tissues. These results explain why pirfenidone can slow fibrosis progression with minor side effects in clinical trials. In conclusion, our study presents a method for creating vascularized liver organoids that can accurately mimic fibrotic and normal tissues for drug screening. Our findings provide valuable insights into the potential risks and benefits of using A83-01 and pirfenidone as antifibrotic drugs. This method can be applied to other organs to create organ-specific vascularized organoids for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Yin
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yeom KM, Chang JI, Yoo JJ, Moon JE, Sinn DH, Kim YS, Kim SG. Addition of Kidney Dysfunction Type to MELD-Na for the Prediction of Survival in Cirrhotic Patients Awaiting Liver Transplantation in Comparison with MELD 3.0 with Albumin. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 14:39. [PMID: 38201348 PMCID: PMC10804312 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well known that renal dysfunction has a devastating effect on the prognosis of liver cirrhosis. In this study, the aim was to assess whether the incorporation of the kidney dysfunction type into the MELD-Na score enhances its predictive capacity for outcomes in patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT), compared to utilizing the MELD 3.0 score with albumin. In total, 2080 patients awaiting the LT were enrolled at two tertiary care institutions in Korea. Discrimination abilities were analyzed by using Harrell's c-index and iAUC values between MELD-Na-kidney dysfunction type (MELD-Na-KT) and MELD 3.0 with albumin. Clinical endpoints encompassed 3-month survival, 3-month transplant-free survival (TFS), overall survival (OS), and total TFS. Out of the total of 2080 individuals, 669 (32.16%) were male. Regarding the types of renal function impairment, 1614 (77.6%) were in the normal group, 112 (5.38%) in the AKD group, 320 (15.35%) in the CKD group, and 34 (1.63%) were in the AKD on CKD group. MELD 3.0 with albumin showed better discrimination (c-index = 0.714) compared to MELD-Na-KT (c-index = 0.708) in predicting 3-month survival. Similar results were observed for OS, 3-month TFS, and total TFS as well. When divided by sex, MELD 3.0 with albumin showed the comparable prediction of 3-month survival to MELD-Na-KT (c-index 0.675 vs. 0.671, p-value 0.221) in males. However, in the female group, MELD 3.0 with albumin demonstrated better results compared to MELD-Na-KT (c-index 0.733 vs. 0.723, p-value 0.001). The integration of kidney dysfunction types into the MELD-Na did not yield superior prognostic results compared to the MELD 3.0 score with albumin. Rather, in the female group, the MELD 3.0 score with albumin was better able to predict survival. These findings suggest that laboratory values pertaining to liver dysfunction or creatinine levels may be more significant than the type of kidney dysfunction when predicting the short-term prognosis of LT candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Min Yeom
- Department of Internal Medicine, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (K.-M.Y.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Jong-In Chang
- Department of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong 06973, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong-Ju Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (K.-M.Y.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Ji Eun Moon
- Department of Statistics, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon 31538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dong Hyun Sinn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (K.-M.Y.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Sang Gyune Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (K.-M.Y.); (Y.S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chu Q, Wei W, Lao H, Li Y, Tan Y, Wei X, Huang B, Qin C, Tang Y. Machine learning algorithms for integrating clinical features to predict intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute leukemia. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:977-986. [PMID: 35156526 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in acute leukemia (AL) patients leads to high morbidity and mortality, treatment approaches for ICH are generally ineffective. Thus, early identification of which subjects are at high risk of ICH is of key importance. Currently, machine learning can achieve well predictive capability through constructing algorithms that simultaneously exploit the information coming from clinical features. METHODS After rigid data preprocessing, 42 different clinical features from 948 AL patients were used to train different machine learning algorithms. We used the feature selection algorithms to select the top 10 features from 42 clinical features. To test the performance of the machine learning algorithms, we calculated area under the curve (AUC) values from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by cross-validation. RESULTS With the 42 features, RF exhibited the best predictive power. After feature selection, the top 10 features were international normalized ratio (INR), prothrombin time (PT), creatinine (Cr), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), albumin (ALB), monocyte (MONO), platelet (PLT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), fibrinogen (FIB) and prealbumin (PA). Among the top 10 features, INR, PT, Cr, IBIL and ALB had high predictive performance with an AUC higher than 0.8 respectively. CONCLUSIONS The RF algorithm exhibited a higher cross-validated performance compared with the classical algorithms, and the selected important risk features should help in individualizing aggressive treatment in AL patients to prevent ICH. Efforts that will be made to test and optimize in independent samples will warrant the application of such algorithm and predictors in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanhong Chu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenxin Wei
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huan Lao
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yujian Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yafu Tan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wei
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Baozi Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Elmileegy IMH, Waly HSA, Alghriany AAI, Abou Khalil NS, Mahmoud SMM, Negm EA. Gallic acid rescues uranyl acetate induced-hepatic dysfunction in rats by its antioxidant and cytoprotective potentials. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:423. [PMID: 37993853 PMCID: PMC10664358 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver was identified as a primary target organ for the chemo-radiological effects of uranyl acetate (UA). Although the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties of gallic acid (GA) make it a promising phytochemical to resist its hazards, there is no available data in this area of research. METHODS To address this issue, eighteen rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups. One group was received carboxymethyl cellulose (vehicle of GA) and kept as a control. The UA group was injected intraperitoneally with UA at a single dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. The third group (GA + UA group) was treated with GA orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight for 14 days before UA exposure. UA was injected on the 15th day of the experiment in either the UA group or the GA + UA group. The biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical findings in the GA + UA group were compared to both control and UA groups. RESULTS The results showed that UA exposure led to a range of adverse effects. These included elevated plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total protein, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoprotein and decreased plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The exposure also disrupted the redox balance, evident through decreased plasma total antioxidant capacity and hepatic nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase and increased hepatic oxidized glutathione and malondialdehyde. Plasma levels of albumin and alanine aminotransferase did not significantly change in all groups. Histopathological analysis revealed damage to liver tissue, characterized by deteriorations in tissue structure, excessive collagen accumulation, and depletion of glycogen. Furthermore, UA exposure up-regulated the immuno-expression of cleaved caspase-3 and down-regulated the immuno-expression of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 in hepatic tissues, indicating an induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress response. However, the pre-treatment with GA proved to be effective in mitigating these negative effects induced by UA exposure, except for the disturbances in the lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that GA has the potential to act as a protective agent against the adverse effects of UA exposure on the liver. Its ability to restore redox balance and inhibit apoptosis makes it a promising candidate for countering the harmful effects of chemo-radiological agents such as UA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibtisam M H Elmileegy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Hanan S A Waly
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Nasser S Abou Khalil
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Merit University, Sohag, Egypt.
| | - Sara M M Mahmoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Eman A Negm
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
March C, Thormann M, Geipel S, Sowa JP, Barajas Ordonez F, Pech M, Omari J, Lemmer P. Increase of radiologically determined muscle area in patients with liver cirrhosis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17092. [PMID: 37816875 PMCID: PMC10564886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is common in patients with liver cirrhosis and related to higher mortality. Implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a feasible method for reducing cirrhosis-related portal hypertension, but also possible improvement of the patient`s muscle status. We aimed to analyze changes in muscle quantity and prevalence of sarcopenia after TIPS. We retrospectively surveyed the muscle status in 52 patients (mean age 54.2 years) before and after TIPS by evaluating skeletal (SMI) and psoas muscle indices (PMI) in CT and MR images. Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), Freiburg index of post-TIPS survival (FIPS), and their underlying laboratory parameters (e.g., Albumin) were analyzed. Prevalence of sarcopenia was 84.6%. After a median follow-up of 16.5 months after TIPS, SMI (0.020) and PMI (p < 0.001) increased, and sarcopenia decreased by 14.8% (0.109). MELD and PMI after TIPS were negatively correlated (r = - 0.536, p < 0.001). Albumin levels increased in patients with increased SMI after TIPS (p = 0.022). Confirming the positive impact of TIPS implantation on muscle indices in patients with liver cirrhosis, we found indications for improved survival and possible indications for altered metabolism with increased albumin levels in patients with increased muscle quantity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine March
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39112, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Thormann
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39112, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Geipel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39112, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University, Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892, Bochum, Germany
| | - Felix Barajas Ordonez
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maciej Pech
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39112, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jazan Omari
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39112, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Lemmer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39112, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tincu (Iurciuc) CE, Andrițoiu CV, Popa M, Ochiuz L. Recent Advancements and Strategies for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier Using Albumin-Based Drug Delivery Systems to Treat Brain Cancer, with a Focus on Glioblastoma. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3969. [PMID: 37836018 PMCID: PMC10575401 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, and the most prevalent primary malignant tumor affecting the brain and central nervous system. Recent research indicates that the genetic profile of GBM makes it resistant to drugs and radiation. However, the main obstacle in treating GBM is transporting drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Albumin is a versatile biomaterial for the synthesis of nanoparticles. The efficiency of albumin-based delivery systems is determined by their ability to improve tumor targeting and accumulation. In this review, we will discuss the prevalence of human glioblastoma and the currently adopted treatment, as well as the structure and some essential functions of the BBB, to transport drugs through this barrier. We will also mention some aspects related to the blood-tumor brain barrier (BTBB) that lead to poor treatment efficacy. The properties and structure of serum albumin were highlighted, such as its role in targeting brain tumors, as well as the progress made until now regarding the techniques for obtaining albumin nanoparticles and their functionalization, in order to overcome the BBB and treat cancer, especially human glioblastoma. The albumin drug delivery nanosystems mentioned in this paper have improved properties and can overcome the BBB to target brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camelia-Elena Tincu (Iurciuc)
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Protection of the Environment, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 73, Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Călin Vasile Andrițoiu
- Apitherapy Medical Center, Balanesti, Nr. 336-337, 217036 Gorj, Romania;
- Specialization of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Liviu Rebreanu Street, 86, 310045 Arad, Romania
| | - Marcel Popa
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Protection of the Environment, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 73, Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 11, Pacurari Street, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Ochiuz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim HM, Kim Y, Kim Y, Kim YJ, Ko KS. Organoid Establishment of Long-Term Culture Using Primary Mouse Hepatocytes and Evaluation of Liver Function. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2023; 28:360-369. [PMID: 37842244 PMCID: PMC10567590 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2023.28.3.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatocytes and various animal models have traditionally been used in liver function tests to assess the effects of nutrients. However, these approaches present several limitations such as time consumption, high cost, the need for facilities, and ethical issues in primary mouse hepatocytes and animal models. In this study, we constructed liver organoids from primary mouse hepatocytes (OrgPH) to replace primary hepatocytes and animal models. We isolated primary mouse hepatocytes from 6- to 10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice using the two-step collagenase method, and generated liver organoids by clustering the cells in Matrigel. To assess the hepatic function of OrgPH, we examined specific liver markers and gene expressions related to hepatic glucose, ethanol, and cholesterol metabolism. Over a 28-day culture period, liver-specific markers, including Alb, Arg1, G6pc, and Cyp1a1, increased or remained stable in the OrgPH. However, they eventually decreased in primary hepatocytes. Glucose and ethanol metabolism-related gene expression levels exhibited a similar tendency in AML12 cells and OrgPH. However, the expression levels of cholesterol metabolism-related genes displayed an opposite trend in OrgPH compared with those in AML12 cells. These results agree with those of previous studies involving in vivo models. In conclusion, our study indicates that OrgPH can retain liver function and mimic the hepatocytic physiology of mouse in vivo models. Therefore, organoids originating from primary mouse hepatocytes are potentially useful as an animal-free method for evaluating the safety and toxicity of health functional foods and a replacement for animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Mi Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yerin Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangwon 25601, Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology and Food and Regulatory Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Kwang Suk Ko
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yuan H, Cao Y, Yu Z, Huang Y, Liu F, Gao Y, Qiu S, Han T. Clinical features and prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure in patients with recompensated cirrhosis. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:319. [PMID: 37726716 PMCID: PMC10510206 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies on acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in patients with recompensated cirrhosis. This study was aimed to investigate the clinical features of ACLF patients with recompensated cirrhosis. METHODS A total of 461 ACLF patients were enrolled and divided into three groups: compensated, recompensated, and decompensated cirrhosis with ACLF. The baseline clinical data and 1-year survival rates were compared among the three groups. RESULTS Compared with the decompensated group, in the recompensated group, the levels of hemoglobin, albumin, and serum sodium were significantly higher and the white blood cell count, international normalized ratio, and incidence of respiratory failure were significantly lower; there were no evident differences in other organ failures. The proportion of patients with ACLF grade 3 and 1-year survival rates significantly differed between the two groups. Conversely, compared with the compensated group, in the recompensated group, the platelet and total bilirubin levels were significantly lower and the proportion of patients with ACLF grade 1 was significantly higher. However, other clinical indicators or 1-year survival rates did not significantly differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Compared with patients who developed ACLF with decompensated cirrhosis, those who developed ACLF with recompensated cirrhosis had a less severe condition, lower incidence of respiratory failure, and better 1-year prognosis. However, the baseline clinical features and prognosis were similar between ACLF patients with recompensated and compensated cirrhosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese clinical trials registry: ChiCTR1900021539.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Yuan
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center affiliated to Nankai University, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Yingying Cao
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center affiliated to Nankai University, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Zhenjun Yu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center affiliated to Nankai University, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center affiliated to Nankai University, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Yanying Gao
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Shaotian Qiu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center affiliated to Nankai University, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center affiliated to Nankai University, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Otto J, Verwaayen A, Penners C, Hundertmark J, Lin C, Kallen C, Paffen D, Otto T, Berger H, Tacke F, Weiskirchen R, Nevzorova YA, Bartneck M, Trautwein C, Sonntag R, Liedtke C. Expression of Cyclin E1 in hepatic stellate cells is critical for the induction and progression of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:549. [PMID: 37620309 PMCID: PMC10449804 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most severe malignancies with increasing incidence and limited treatment options. Typically, HCC develops during a multistep process involving chronic liver inflammation and liver fibrosis. The latter is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix produced by Hepatic Stellate Cells (HSCs). This process involves cell cycle re-entry and proliferation of normally quiescent HSCs in an ordered sequence that is highly regulated by cyclins and associated cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) such as the Cyclin E1 (CCNE1)/CDK2 kinase complex. In the present study, we examined the role of Cyclin E1 (Ccne1) and Cdk2 genes in HSCs for liver fibrogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis. To this end, we generated conditional knockout mice lacking Ccne1 or Cdk2 specifically in HSCs (Ccne1∆HSC or Cdk2∆HSC). Ccne1∆HSC mice showed significantly reduced liver fibrosis formation and attenuated HSC activation in the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) model. In a combined model of fibrosis-driven hepatocarcinogenesis, Ccne1∆HSC mice revealed decreased HSC activation even after long-term observation and substantially reduced tumor load in the liver when compared to wild-type controls. Importantly, the deletion of Cdk2 in HSCs also resulted in attenuated liver fibrosis after chronic CCl4 treatment. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that only a small fraction of HSCs expressed Ccne1/Cdk2 at a distinct time point after CCl4 treatment. In summary, we provide evidence that Ccne1 expression in a small population of HSCs is sufficient to trigger extensive liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis in a Cdk2-dependent manner. Thus, HSC-specific targeting of Ccne1 or Cdk2 in patients with liver fibrosis and high risk for HCC development could be therapeutically beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Otto
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Verwaayen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Penners
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jana Hundertmark
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carina Kallen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniela Paffen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Otto
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hilmar Berger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Bartneck
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roland Sonntag
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Muniz-Santos R, Lucieri-Costa G, de Almeida MAP, Moraes-de-Souza I, Brito MADSM, Silva AR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. Lipid oxidation dysregulation: an emerging player in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224335. [PMID: 37600769 PMCID: PMC10435884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by abnormal host response to infection. Millions of people are affected annually worldwide. Derangement of the inflammatory response is crucial in sepsis pathogenesis. However, metabolic, coagulation, and thermoregulatory alterations also occur in patients with sepsis. Fatty acid mobilization and oxidation changes may assume the role of a protagonist in sepsis pathogenesis. Lipid oxidation and free fatty acids (FFAs) are potentially valuable markers for sepsis diagnosis and prognosis. Herein, we discuss inflammatory and metabolic dysfunction during sepsis, focusing on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) alterations in the liver and muscle (skeletal and cardiac) and their implications in sepsis development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renan Muniz-Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Lucieri-Costa
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Augusto P. de Almeida
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Moraes-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Ribeiro Silva
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Khaled SS, Soliman HA, Abdel-Gabbar M, Ahmed NA, El-Nahass ES, Ahmed OM. Naringin and naringenin counteract taxol-induced liver injury in Wistar rats via suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90892-90905. [PMID: 37466839 PMCID: PMC10439847 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the preventing effects of naringin, naringenin, and their combination on liver injury induced by Taxol (paclitaxel) in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats received 2 mg/kg Taxol intraperitoneal injections twice weekly on the second and fifth days of each week for 6 weeks. During the same period as Taxol administration, rats were given naringin, naringenin, or a combination of the two (10 mg/kg b.wt) every other day. Treatment with naringin and/or naringenin reduced the abnormally high serum levels of total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in Taxol-treated rats. It also significantly increased the level of serum albumin, indicating an improvement in the liver. The perturbed histological liver changes were markedly improved due to the naringin and/or naringenin treatment in Taxol-administered rats. Additionally, the treatments reduced high hepatic lipid peroxidation and increased liver glutathione content as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Furthermore, the treatments reduced the levels of alpha-fetoprotein and caspase-3, a pro-apoptotic mediator. The naringin and naringenin mixture appeared more effective in improving organ function and structural integrity. In conclusion, naringin and naringenin are suggested to employ their hepatoprotective benefits via boosting the body's antioxidant defense system, reducing inflammation, and suppressing apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa S. Khaled
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Soliman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abdel-Gabbar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Noha A. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - El-Shaymaa El-Nahass
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bai Z, Méndez-Sánchez N, Romeiro FG, Mancuso A, Philips CA, Tacke F, Basaranoglu M, Primignani M, Ibrahim M, Wong YJ, Nery FG, Teschke R, Ferreira CN, Muñoz AE, Pinyopornpanish K, Thevenot T, Singh SP, Mohanty A, Satapathy SK, Ridola L, Maruyama H, Cholongitas E, Levi Sandri GB, Yang L, Shalimar, Yang Y, Villa E, Krag A, Wong F, Jalan R, O’Brien A, Bernardi M, Qi X. Use of albumin infusion for cirrhosis-related complications: An international position statement. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100785. [PMID: 37456673 PMCID: PMC10339261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Numerous studies have evaluated the role of human albumin (HA) in managing various liver cirrhosis-related complications. However, their conclusions remain partially controversial, probably because HA was evaluated in different settings, including indications, patient characteristics, and dosage and duration of therapy. Methods Thirty-three investigators from 19 countries with expertise in the management of liver cirrhosis-related complications were invited to organise an International Special Interest Group. A three-round Delphi consensus process was conducted to complete the international position statement on the use of HA for treatment of liver cirrhosis-related complications. Results Twelve clinically significant position statements were proposed. Short-term infusion of HA should be recommended for the management of hepatorenal syndrome, large volume paracentesis, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhosis. Its effects on the prevention or treatment of other liver cirrhosis-related complications should be further elucidated. Long-term HA administration can be considered in specific settings. Pulmonary oedema should be closely monitored as a potential adverse effect in cirrhotic patients receiving HA infusion. Conclusions Based on the currently available evidence, the international position statement suggests the potential benefits of HA for the management of multiple liver cirrhosis-related complications and summarises its safety profile. However, its optimal timing and infusion strategy remain to be further elucidated. Impact and implications Thirty-three investigators from 19 countries proposed 12 position statements on the use of human albumin (HA) infusion in liver cirrhosis-related complications. Based on current evidence, short-term HA infusion should be recommended for the management of HRS, LVP, and SBP; whereas, long-term HA administration can be considered in the setting where budget and logistical issues can be resolved. However, pulmonary oedema should be closely monitored in cirrhotic patients who receive HA infusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Andrea Mancuso
- Medicina Interna 1, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale ad Alta Specializzazione Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cyriac Abby Philips
- Clinical and Translational Hepatology, The Liver Institute, Center of Excellence in GI Sciences, Rajagiri Hospital, Aluva, India
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Metin Basaranoglu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Massimo Primignani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mostafa Ibrahim
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yu Jun Wong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Filipe Gaio Nery
- Serviço de Cuidados Intensivos, Unidade de Cuidados Intermédios Médico-Cirúrgica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rolf Teschke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, Germany
| | - Carlos Noronha Ferreira
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e Hepatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria-Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alberto E. Muñoz
- Sección Hepatología, Hospital Dr. Carlos B. Udaondo. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kanokwan Pinyopornpanish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thierry Thevenot
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Service d’Hépatologie et de Soins Intensifs Digestifs, Besançon, France
| | | | - Arpan Mohanty
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanjaya K. Satapathy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatology, Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases & Transplantation, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine for Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Lorenzo Ridola
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Hitoshi Maruyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Evangelos Cholongitas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Li Yang
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Yongping Yang
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Erica Villa
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Italy
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Florence Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rajiv Jalan
- Liver Failure Group, UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, The Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mauro Bernardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Xingshun Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - the Liver Cirrhosis-related Complications (LCC)-International Special Interest Group
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Medicina Interna 1, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale ad Alta Specializzazione Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
- Clinical and Translational Hepatology, The Liver Institute, Center of Excellence in GI Sciences, Rajagiri Hospital, Aluva, India
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
- Serviço de Cuidados Intensivos, Unidade de Cuidados Intermédios Médico-Cirúrgica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, Germany
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e Hepatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria-Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
- Sección Hepatología, Hospital Dr. Carlos B. Udaondo. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Service d’Hépatologie et de Soins Intensifs Digestifs, Besançon, France
- Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation, Odisha, India
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatology, Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases & Transplantation, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine for Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, San Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Italy
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Liver Failure Group, UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, The Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
- Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guadalupi G, Contini C, Iavarone F, Castagnola M, Messana I, Faa G, Onali S, Chessa L, Vitorino R, Amado F, Diaz G, Manconi B, Cabras T, Olianas A. Combined Salivary Proteome Profiling and Machine Learning Analysis Provides Insight into Molecular Signature for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Classification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12207. [PMID: 37569584 PMCID: PMC10418803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are autoimmune liver diseases that target the liver and have a wide spectrum of presentation. A global overview of quantitative variations on the salivary proteome in presence of these two pathologies is investigated in this study. The acid-insoluble salivary fraction of AIH and PBC patients, and healthy controls (HCs), was analyzed using a gel-based bottom-up proteomic approach combined with a robust machine learning statistical analysis of the dataset. The abundance of Arginase, Junction plakoglobin, Desmoplakin, Hexokinase-3 and Desmocollin-1 decreased, while that of BPI fold-containing family A member 2 increased in AIHp compared to HCs; the abundance of Gelsolin, CD14, Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2, Clusterin, Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1, Cofilin-1 and BPI fold-containing family B member 2 increased in PBCp compared to HCs. The abundance of Hornerin decreased in both AIHp and PBCp with respect to HCs and provided an area under the ROC curve of 0.939. Machine learning analysis confirmed the feasibility of the salivary proteome to discriminate groups of subjects based on AIH or PBC occurrence as previously suggested by our group. The topology-based functional enrichment analysis performed on these potential salivary biomarkers highlights an enrichment of terms mostly related to the immune system, but also with a strong involvement in liver fibrosis process and with antimicrobial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guadalupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Cristina Contini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS “A. Gemelli”, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Laboratorio di Proteomica, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Irene Messana
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gavino Faa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Simona Onali
- Liver Unit, University Hospital of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (S.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Luchino Chessa
- Liver Unit, University Hospital of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (S.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Rui Vitorino
- iBiMED, Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Amado
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Giacomo Diaz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Barbara Manconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Alessandra Olianas
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen C, Wang Z, Qin Y. A Novel Hematological Inflammation-Nutrition Score (HINS) and Its Related Nomogram Model to Predict Survival Outcome in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Receiving First-Line Palliative Chemotherapy. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2929-2946. [PMID: 37465343 PMCID: PMC10350431 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s417798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to construct a novel hematological inflammation-nutrition score (HINS) and investigate its prognostic value in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). We investigated the risk stratification performance of HINS and developed a HINS-based nomogram model to predict overall survival by combining traditional predictors. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective study on 812 AGC patients who received first-line platinum- or fluoropyrimidine-containing chemotherapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Hospital between 2014 and 2019. Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (N=609) and a validation cohort (N=203). HINS (0-2) was constructed based on a pre-chemotherapy systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and albumin (ALB). Prognostic factors were screened by univariate and multivariate COX proportional regression models. Significant factors were used to construct a nomogram model. Internal validation was performed by calibration curves, time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA), evaluating its prediction consistency, discrimination ability, and clinical net benefit. Results HINS was constructed based on SII and ALB. HINS showed a better stratification ability than JCOG prognostic index, with significant differences between groups. Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG ≥1 (HR: 1.379; P=0.005), Stage IV (HR: 1.581; P <0.001), diffuse-type histology (HR: 1.586; P <0.001), number of metastases ≥2 (HR: 1.274; P=0.038), without prior gastrectomy (HR: 1.830; P <0.001), ALP ≥ULN (HR: 1.335; P=0.034), HINS (P <0.001) were independent factors of OS. We successfully established a HINS-based nomogram model that showed a strong discriminative ability, accuracy, and clinical utility in training and validation cohorts. Conclusion HINS shows a superior risk stratification ability, which might be a potential prognostic biomarker for AGC patients receiving palliative first-line palliative chemotherapy. The HINS-based nomogram model is a convenient and efficient tool for managing prognosis and follow-up treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kamel AH, Ashmawy NH, Youssef TA, Elnakib M, Abd El‐Naby H, Abd‐Rabboh HSM. Screen‐printed electrochemical sensors for label‐free potentiometric and impedimetric detection of human serum albumin. ELECTROANAL 2023; 35. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHerein, two electrochemical methods based on potentiometric and impedimetric transductions were presented for albumin targeting, employing screen‐printed platforms (SPEs) to make easy and cost‐effective sensors with good detection merits. The SPEs incorporated ion‐to‐electron multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) transducer. Sensors were constructed using either tridodecyl methyl‐ammonium chloride (TDMACl) (sensor I) or aliquate 336S (sensor II) in plasticized polymeric matrices of carboxylated poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC‐COOH). Analytical performances of the sensors were evaluated using the above‐mentioned electrochemical techniques. For potentiometric assay, constructed sensors responded to albumin with −81.7 ± 1.7 (r2 = 0.9986) and −146.2 ± 2.3 mV/decade (r2 = 0.9991) slopes over the linearity range 1.5 μM–1.5 mM with 0.8 and 1.0 μM detection limits for respective TDMAC‐ and aliquate‐based sensors. Interference study showed apparent selectivity for both sensors. Impedimetric assays were performed at pH = 7.5 in 10 mM PBS buffer solution with a 0.02 M [Fe(CN)6]−3/−4 redox‐active electrolyte. Sensors achieved detection limits of 4.3 × 10−8 and 1.8 × 10−7 M over the linear ranges of 5.2×10−8–1.0×10−4 M and 1.4×10−6–1.4×10−3 M, with 0.09 ± 0.004 and 0.168 ± 0.009 log Ω/decade slopes for sensors based on TDMAC and aliquate, respectively. These sensors are characterized with simple construction, high sensitivity and selectivity, fast response time, single‐use, and cost‐effectiveness. The methods were successfully applied to albumin assessment in different biological fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman H. Kamel
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
- Chemistry Department College of Science Sakhir 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Nashwa H. Ashmawy
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Teraze A. Youssef
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Mostafa Elnakib
- Military Medical Academy, Elkhalifa El-Maamoun St. Heliopolis Cairo Egypt
| | - Heba Abd El‐Naby
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Takahashi H, Kawanaka M, Fujii H, Iwaki M, Hayashi H, Toyoda H, Oeda S, Hyogo H, Morishita A, Munekage K, Kawata K, Tsutsumi T, Sawada K, Maeshiro T, Tobita H, Yoshida Y, Naito M, Araki A, Arakaki S, Kawaguchi T, Noritake H, Ono M, Masaki T, Yasuda S, Tomita E, Yoneda M, Tokushige A, Kamada Y, Ueda S, Aishima S, Sumida Y, Nakajima A, Okanoue T. Association of Serum Albumin Levels and Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Biopsy-Confirmed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2014. [PMID: 37432160 PMCID: PMC10180563 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between baseline serum albumin level and long-term prognosis of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unknown. This is a sub-analysis of the CLIONE (Clinical Outcome Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) study. The main outcomes were: death or orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), liver-related death, and liver-related events (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], decompensated cirrhosis, and gastroesophageal varices/bleeding). 1383 Japanese patients with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD were analyzed. They were divided into 3 groups based on serum albumin: high (>4.0 g/dL), intermediate (3.5-4.0 g/dL), and low (<3.5 g/dL). Unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] of the intermediate albumin group, compared with the high albumin group, were 3.6 for death or OLT, 11.2 for liver-related death, 4.6 for HCC, 8.2 for decompensated cirrhosis, and 6.2 for gastroesophageal varices (all risks were statistically significant). After adjusting confounding factors, albumin remained significantly associated with death or OLT (intermediate vs. high albumin group: HR 3.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59-5.91, p < 0.001; low vs. high albumin group: HR 22.9, 95% CI 8.21-63.9, p < 0.001). Among biopsy-confirmed NAFLD patients, those with intermediate or low serum albumin had a significantly higher risk of death or OLT than those with high serum albumin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Takahashi
- Liver Center, Saga Medical School, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan; (H.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Miwa Kawanaka
- Department of General Internal Medicine2, Kawasaki Medical Center, Okayama 700-8505, Japan;
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Michihiro Iwaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (M.I.)
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8323, Japan; (H.H.); (E.T.)
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki 503-8502, Japan; (H.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Satoshi Oeda
- Liver Center, Saga Medical School, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan; (H.T.); (S.O.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Hyogo Life Care Clinic Hiroshima, Hiroshima 732-0823, Japan;
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan; (A.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Kensuke Munekage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi 783-8505, Japan;
| | - Kazuhito Kawata
- Hepatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine II, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Tsubasa Tsutsumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Koji Sawada
- Liver Disease Care Unit, Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8802, Japan;
| | - Tatsuji Maeshiro
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (T.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Hiroshi Tobita
- Department of Hepatology, Shimane University Hospital, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (H.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Yuichi Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka 564-8567, Japan; (Y.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Masafumi Naito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka 564-8567, Japan; (Y.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Asuka Araki
- Department of Hepatology, Shimane University Hospital, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (H.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Shingo Arakaki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (T.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Hidenao Noritake
- Hepatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine II, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Masafumi Ono
- Division of Innovative Medicine for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita 761-0793, Japan;
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan; (A.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki 503-8502, Japan; (H.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Eiichi Tomita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8323, Japan; (H.H.); (E.T.)
| | - Masato Yoneda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (M.I.)
| | - Akihiro Tokushige
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Advanced Metabolic Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ueda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan;
| | - Yoshio Sumida
- Division of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okanoue
- Hepatology Center, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita 564-0013, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao Z, Li S, Zhao J, Li J, Gao Y. Anticoagulation therapy early is safe in portal vein thrombosis patients with acute variceal bleeding: a multi-centric randomized controlled trial. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:513-521. [PMID: 36692588 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and acute variceal bleeding (AVB) are frequent complications of cirrhosis. The efficacy, safety, and timing of anticoagulant treatment in cirrhotic patients with PVT and AVB are contentious issues. We aimed to establish the safety and efficacy of initiating nadroparin calcium-warfarin sequential (NWS) anticoagulation therapy early after esophageal variceal band ligation within PVT patients having cirrhosis and AVB. Cirrhotic patients having AVB and PVT who underwent EVL were included and randomly allocated to either the NWS therapy group (1-month nadroparin calcium by subcutaneous injection following 5-month warfarin through oral administration, n = 43) or the control group (without any anticoagulation therapy, n = 43). The primary endpoint was the rate of PVT recanalization. Secondary endpoints included major bleeding events mainly referring to variceal rebleeding (5-day failure, 14-day, 4-week, 6-week, and 6-month rebleeding rates) and mortality after EVL. The overall recanalization (complete and partial) rate in the NWS therapy group was significantly higher than that in the control group (67.4% vs. 39.5%, P = 0.009). Low Child-Pugh score (P = 0.039, OR: 0.692, 95% CI 0.488-0.982), D-dimer < 2.00 ug/mL (P = 0.030, OR: 3.600, 95% CI 1.134-11.430), and NWS anticoagulation therapy (P = 0.002, OR: 4.189, 95% CI 1.660-10.568) were the predictors of PVT recanalization through univariate analysis of binary logistic regression. NWS anticoagulation therapy (P = 0.003, OR: 4.506, 95% CI 1.687-12.037) was the independent factor of recanalization through multivariate analysis. Nobody bled except for variceal rebleeding. Five-day failure and 14-day rebleeding were zero. There were no significantly different in 4-week (2.3% vs. 4.7%, P = 1.000), 6-week (4.7% vs. 9.3%, P = 0.672) and 6-month rebleeding (18.6% vs. 20.9%, P = 0.787) between the two groups. There was no mortality during six months follow-up. Low serum albumin (P = 0.011, OR: 0.844, 95% CI 0.741-0.962), high MELD score (P = 0.003, OR: 1.564, 95% CI 1.167-2.097) and Child-Pugh score (P = 0.006, OR: 1.950, 95% CI 1.206-3.155) were predictors of rebleeding by univariate analysis of binary logistic regression analysis. The Child-Pugh score (7 [6-8] vs. 6 [5-7], P = 0.003) and albumin levels (33.93 ± 5.30 vs. 37.28 ± 4.32, P = 0.002) were improved in the NWS therapy group at six months. In PVT patients with cirrhosis and AVB, starting NWS anticoagulation therapy early after EVL was safe and effective. It has the potential to raise albumin levels and improve liver function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjuan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingrun Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhou Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjing Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Setting up of a machine learning algorithm for the identification of severe liver fibrosis profile in the general US population cohort. Int J Med Inform 2023; 170:104932. [PMID: 36459836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progress of digital transformation in clinical practice opens the door to transforming the current clinical line for liver disease diagnosis from a late-stage diagnosis approach to an early-stage based one. Early diagnosis of liver fibrosis can prevent the progression of the disease and decrease liver-related morbidity and mortality. We developed here a machine learning (ML) algorithm containing standard parameters that can identify liver fibrosis in the general US population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Starting from a public database (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES), representative of the American population with 7265 eligible subjects (control population n = 6828, with Fibroscan values E < 9.7 KPa; target population n = 437 with Fibroscan values E ≥ 9.7 KPa), we set up an SVM algorithm able to discriminate for individuals with liver fibrosis among the general US population. The algorithm set up involved the removal of missing data and a sampling optimization step to managing the data imbalance (only ∼ 5 % of the dataset is the target population). RESULTS For the feature selection, we performed an unbiased analysis, starting from 33 clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters regardless of their previous application as biomarkers of liver diseases. Through PCA analysis, we identified the 26 more significant features and then used them to set up a sampling method on an SVM algorithm. The best sampling technique to manage the data imbalance was found to be oversampling through the SMOTE-NC. For final model validation, we utilized a subset of 300 individuals (150 with liver fibrosis and 150 controls), subtracted from the main dataset prior to sampling. Performances were evaluated on multiple independent runs. CONCLUSIONS We provide proof of concept of an ML clinical decision support tool for liver fibrosis diagnosis in the general US population. Though the presented ML model represents at this stage only a prototype, in the future, it might be implemented and potentially applied to program broad screenings for liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
32
|
Ablat N, Ablimit M, Abudoukadier A, Kadeer B, Maihemuti A, Bakewaiyi A, Tuerxun A, Aihemaiti A. Liver protection and hemostatic effects of medicinal plant Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M.Johnst extract in a rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115739. [PMID: 36126784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M.Johnst. (AE) is a Chinese medicinal herb that is traditionally used to treat various circulatory diseases. It exhibits certain effects, such as the promotion of blood circulation and cooling, rash clearance, and detoxification. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to explore the hepatoprotective and hemostatic effects of the ethyl acetate extract of AE in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were treated via oral gavage with different doses of the ethyl acetate extract of AE (3.5, 7, or 14 g kg-1·day-1) for 14 consecutive days, following which hemostatic and liver function tests were conducted. For the hemostatic tests, the platelet count, blood platelet aggregation, blood platelet adhesion to fibrinogen, platelet factor 4 (PF-4) secretion from blood platelets, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), and fibrinogen levels were measured at the end of the treatment period. For the liver function tests, 0.25 mL/200 g (1.25 mL kg-1·day-1) of olive oil was injected into the abdominal cavity of the control rats, whereas 15% CCl4 plus olive oil (prescription: 7.5 mL CCl4 + 42.5 olive oil) was injected into that of the treated rats at 1 h after extract administration on day 6, 13, and 20. Additionally, food and water were withheld from all the animals. On the following day, the rats were anesthetized and their albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels among the groups were determined using a one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS The platelet count and blood platelet aggregation, blood platelet adhesion to fibrinogen and PF-4 secretion levels were significantly increased in the (3.5 g kg-1 day-1) AE group as compared to those in the control group (all p < 0.001; for the 7 and 14 g kg-1 day-1 AE groups, all p > 0.05, respectively). Although the PT and aPTT were not affected by the AE extract (all p > 0.05), the TT was reduced and the FIB levels were significantly increased in all AE groups (p < 0.05). Liver function tests showed that CCl4 caused significant liver damage, thereby decreasing the albumin, SOD, CAT, GSH, GST, GR, and GPx levels, while increasing the AST, ALT, ALP, SGOT, SGPT, GGT, LDH, ROS, and MDA levels (all p < 0.001). By contrast, treatment with the different doses of AE extract reversed the CCl4 effects on all these parameters. Compared with the levels in the CCl4 group, the GSH and GR levels in the three AE groups (3.5, 7, and 14 g kg-1·day-1) were significantly higher (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively), whereas the differences in the other parameters for these three groups were all at the significance levels of p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AE extracts administered orally exhibited hepatoprotective activity by affecting platelet production and blood coagulation and ameliorating liver function-damaging modifications. Specifically, a dosage of 3.5 g kg-1·day-1 resulted in the most optimal effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuramatjan Ablat
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, China.
| | - Mihray Ablimit
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Shache County Dunbag Township Health Center, 844700, China.
| | - Abudoureheman Abudoukadier
- Department of Cardiology, Urumqi City Friendship Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830049, China.
| | - Buhaiqiemu Kadeer
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830054, China.
| | - Abulaitijiang Maihemuti
- Department of Laboratory, Uyghur Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830000, China.
| | - Alibati Bakewaiyi
- Department of Laboratory, Uyghur Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830000, China.
| | - Atike Tuerxun
- Department of Pharmacy, Uyghur Medicine Hospital of Hetian Region, Hetian, 848000, China.
| | - Adilijiang Aihemaiti
- Department of Laboratory, Uyghur Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abu-Serie MM. Targeted ferroptotic potency of ferrous oxide nanoparticles-diethyldithiocarbamate nanocomplex on the metastatic liver cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1089667. [PMID: 36686682 PMCID: PMC9847675 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1089667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing treatments are frequently ineffective in combating liver cancer (LC) due to its rapid growth, high metastatic potential, and chemoresistance. Thus, inducing ferroptosis, a new non-apoptotic regulated cell death-dependent massive iron overload-mediated lipid peroxidation, is an alternative effective approach for treating LC. The efficient trigger of ferroptosis requires blocking cellular antioxidant (anti-ferroptosis) response and selectivity to avoid harming other healthy tissues. In this study, green chemically synthesized ferrous oxide nanoparticles (F(II) NPs) were used for enhancing selective iron accumulation in tumor tissue, while diethyldithiocarbamate (DE) was for inhibiting the antioxidant system (glutathione and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2) which protects the tumor from damage-dependent lipid peroxides. Thus, F(II) NPs were used with DE as nanocomplex (DF(II) NPs) and its anti-LC activity compared to ferrous oxide DF(II). DF(II) NPs outperformed the typical complex of DF(II) in eradicating metastatic LC cells in HepG2 cells and a chemically induced metastatic LC animal model, as evidenced by flow cytometry, histological and immunohistochemical analyses, and α-fetoprotein depletion. The superior therapeutic potency-dependent ferroptotic activity of DF(II) NPs, attributed to their higher selective accumulation (∼77%) than DF(II) in tumor tissues (liver and lung), resulted in a strong elevation of cellular lipid peroxidation with extreme suppression of nuclear related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcriptional activity, glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase 4, and ALDH2. Subsequently, a severe inhibition in the expression of oncogenes and metastatic cancer stem cell genes was recorded in DF(II) NPs-treated LC animal group. In contrast to DF(II), DF(II) NPs were able to normalize liver functions and did not show any variations in hematological and histological parameters in the blood and tissues of DF(II) NPs-treated normal mouse group. These findings validate the potency and safety of DF(II) nanocomplex as a promising nanodrug for combating metastatic LC.
Collapse
|
34
|
Tarannum A, Arif Z, Mustafa M, Abul Qais F, Habib S, Uddin M, Alam K. Studies on the synergistic action of methylglyoxal and peroxynitrite on structure and function of human serum albumin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:67-80. [PMID: 34842044 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2003865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Albumin, an important serum protein, is continuously exposed to various oxidizing/nitrating and glycating agents. Depending upon the nature/concentration of reactive species present, the protein may be glycated, oxidized/nitroxidized or glyco-nitro-oxidized. Peroxynitrite is a powerful nitroxidant and has been reported to damage a wide array of macromolecules. On the other hand, methylglyoxal is a very strong reactive dicarbonyl and a potent precursor for the formation of advanced glycation end products under pathological conditions. In certain pathological conditions albumin may be modified by peroxynitrite and methylglyoxal simultaneously. There is dearth of literature suggests that structural/conformational and functional alteration in albumin upon glycation and oxidation/nitroxidation, however the alterations produced by glyco-nitro-oxidation has not yet been explored. Therefore, in this study, simultaneous effect of glycation and nitroxidation on the structure and conformation, vis-a-vis function of albumin was explored. Glyco-nitro-oxidized albumin showed decreased free amino acid content together with decreased affinity of albumin towards cobalt. Molecular docking model and molecular dynamic simulations showed close interaction and formation of stable complexes between methylglyoxal, peroxynitrite and albumin. Formation of carboxymethyl lysine and 3-nitrotyrosine in glyco-nitro-oxidized albumin were confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS and UP-LC MS. Aggregate formation in glyco-nitro-oxidized albumin was visualized by transmission electron microscopy. On the basis of these results, it may be speculated that, albumin modified with endogenously generated methylglyoxal and peroxynitrite might be a driving factor in the progression of heightened inflammatory autoimmune responses. The work presents a ground to study the role of glyco-nitro-oxidized albumin in the pathogenesis and progression of various autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhlas Tarannum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zarina Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faizan Abul Qais
- Dept of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Moin Uddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khursheed Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Effects of tannic acid on liver function in a small hepatocyte–based detachable microfluidic platform. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
36
|
Shafqat S, Lohana AK, Bansari RK, Parkash O. Survival outcomes of patients with concomitant acute variceal bleeding and acute coronary syndrome, and the role of antiplatelet agents: an institutional experience from a lower middle-income Country. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:543. [PMID: 36577955 PMCID: PMC9795789 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is strong evidence demonstrating the incidence of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) among patients with cirrhosis, with the initiation of antiplatelet therapy being subject to debate due to an increased risk of bleeding. This study aimed to determine mortality among patients presenting with concomitant Acute Variceal Bleeding (AVB) and ACS at Index admission. Furthermore, the recurrence of AVB and ACS among patients discharged with or without antiplatelet therapy was determined. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan on patients ≥ 18 years of age admitted to our ER with concomitant ACS and AVB between January 2002 to December 2017. Follow-up for 6 months or till death (if < 6 months), was observed, to help determine the incidence of recurrent AVB and ACS. The incidence of AVB and ACS was then compared amongst patient groups based on the usage of anti-platelet drugs on discharge. RESULTS A total of 29 patients were included, with a mean age of 58.7 ± 11.0 years. Seven patients died on admission, having worse underlying liver disease. No mortality was reported among the remaining 22 patients. All 22 patients underwent surveillance endoscopy with variceal band ligation until obliteration, as needed. Only 7 patients from the surviving cohort received antiplatelet therapy. After 6.05 ± 1.1 months of follow-up, 1/22 (4.5%) developed recurrent AVB and 2/22 (9.1%) developed cardiovascular events. Importantly, there was no significant difference in the incidence of recurrent AVB (P = 1.000) and ACS (P = 0.091), depending on the use of antiplatelet therapy. CONCLUSION Concomitant AVB and ACS is a severe disorder with increased mortality among cirrhotic patients at presentation. The incidence of AVB does not seem to exacerbate with the use of antiplatelet agents, provided successful obliteration of varices is achieved using elective band ligation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shameel Shafqat
- grid.7147.50000 0001 0633 6224Medical College, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ajeet Kumar Lohana
- grid.7147.50000 0001 0633 6224Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University, 74800 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rajesh Kumar Bansari
- grid.7147.50000 0001 0633 6224Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University, 74800 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Om Parkash
- grid.7147.50000 0001 0633 6224Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University, 74800 Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
ElBaset MA, Salem RS, Ayman F, Ayman N, Shaban N, Afifi SM, Esatbeyoglu T, Abdelaziz M, Elalfy ZS. Effect of Empagliflozin on Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Injury in Rats: Role of AMPK/SIRT-1/HIF-1α Pathway in Halting Liver Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2152. [PMID: 36358524 PMCID: PMC9686640 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis causes severe morbidity and death. No viable treatment can repair fibrosis and protect the liver until now. We intended to discover the empagliflozin's (EMPA) hepatoprotective efficacy in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatotoxicity by targeting AMPK/SIRT-1 activity and reducing HIF-1α. Rats were treated orally with EMPA (3 or 6 mg/kg) with TAA (100 mg/kg, IP) thrice weekly for 6 weeks. EMPA in both doses retracted the serum GGT, ALT, AST, ammonia, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and increased serum albumin. At the same time, EMPA (3 or 6 mg/kg) replenished the hepatic content of GSH, ATP, AMP, AMPK, or SIRT-1 and mitigated the hepatic content of MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, or HIF-1α in a dose-dependent manner. Likewise, hepatic photomicrograph stained with hematoxylin and eosin or Masson trichrome stain of EMPA (3 or 6 mg/kg) revealed marked regression of the hepatotoxic effect of TAA with minimal injury. Similarly, in rats given EMPA (3 or 6 mg/kg), the immunohistochemically of hepatic photomicrograph revealed minimal stain of either α-SMA or caspase-3 compared to the TAA group. Therefore, we concluded that EMPA possessed an antifibrotic effect by targeting AMPK/SIRT-1 activity and inhibiting HIF-1α. The present study provided new insight into a novel treatment of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwan A. ElBaset
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
| | - Rana S. Salem
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts, Cairo 12451, Egypt
| | - Fairouz Ayman
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts, Cairo 12451, Egypt
| | - Nadeen Ayman
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts, Cairo 12451, Egypt
| | - Nooran Shaban
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts, Cairo 12451, Egypt
| | - Sherif M. Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Abdelaziz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts, Cairo 12451, Egypt
| | - Zahraa S. Elalfy
- Pathology Department Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mahmoudi A, Atkin SL, Jamialahmadi T, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Effect of Curcumin on Attenuation of Liver Cirrhosis via Genes/Proteins and Pathways: A System Pharmacology Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204344. [PMID: 36297027 PMCID: PMC9609422 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver cirrhosis is a life-threatening seqsuel of many chronic liver disorders of varying etiologies. In this study, we investigated protein targets of curcumin in liver cirrhosis based on a bioinformatics approach. Methods: Gene/protein associations with curcumin and liver cirrhosis were probed in drug−gene and gene−diseases databases including STITCH/DGIdb/DisGeNET/OMIM/DISEASES/CTD/Pharos and SwissTargetPrediction. Critical clustering groups (MCODE), hub candidates and critical hub genes in liver cirrhosis were identified, and connections between curcumin and liver cirrhosis-related genes were analyzed via Venn diagram. Interaction of hub genes with curcumin by molecular docking using PyRx-virtual screening tools was performed. Results: MCODE analysis indicated three MCODEs; the cluster (MCODE 1) comprised 79 nodes and 881 edges (score: 22.59). Curcumin database interactions recognized 318 protein targets. Liver cirrhosis genes and curcumin protein targets analysis demonstrated 96 shared proteins, suggesting that curcumin may influence 20 candidate and 13 hub genes, covering 81% of liver cirrhosis critical genes and proteins. Thirteen shared proteins affected oxidative stress regulation, RNA, telomerase activity, cell proliferation, and cell death. Molecular docking analysis showed the affinity of curcumin binding hub genes (Binding affinity: ΔG < −4.9 kcal/mol). Conclusions: Curcumin impacted on several critical liver cirrhosis genes mainly involved in extracellular matrix communication, focal adhesion, and the response to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, RCSI Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-513-180-1239 (A.S.); Fax: +98-513-800-2287 (A.S.)
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-513-180-1239 (A.S.); Fax: +98-513-800-2287 (A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Poorbagher MRM, Karimi E, Oskoueian E. Hepatoprotective effect of nanoniosome loaded Myristica fragrans phenolic compounds in mice-induced hepatotoxicity. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5517-5527. [PMID: 36226354 PMCID: PMC9639044 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, nanoniosome‐loaded Myristica fragrans' (MF) phenolic compounds (NLMP) were synthesized and characterized for their physical properties, and hepatoprotective effects on mice with liver toxicity induced by L‐asparaginase (LA) injection. According to the results, NLMP has a spherical shape with a 263 nm diameter, a zeta potential of −26.55 mV and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.192. The weight and feed intake of mice induced with hepatotoxicity were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased after they were treated with NLMP (2.5 mg/kg body weight of mice). In addition, the blood levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (Chol), liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) and total bilirubin were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased. A significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in the blood levels of the antioxidant defence system (glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) were also reported after NLMP treatment. NLMP was also led to a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in inflammatory‐related gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) in the liver, as well as a meaningful (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the expression of SOD as an antioxidant status biomarker. Consequently, the NLMP is recommended as a potential dietary supplement to alleviate the symptoms of LA‐induced hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Research and Development, Arka Industrial Cluster, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Titanji BK, Lee M, Wang Z, Chen J, Hui Q, Lo Re III V, So-Armah K, Justice AC, Xu K, Freiberg M, Gwinn M, Marconi VC, Sun YV. Epigenome-wide association study of biomarkers of liver function identifies albumin-associated DNA methylation sites among male veterans with HIV. Front Genet 2022; 13:1020871. [PMID: 36303554 PMCID: PMC9592923 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1020871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver disease (LD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality for people with HIV (PWH). The molecular factors linked with LD in PWH are varied and incompletely characterized. We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) to identify associations between DNA methylation (DNAm) and biomarkers of liver function-aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, albumin, total bilirubin, platelet count, FIB-4 score, and APRI score-in male United States veterans with HIV. Methods: Blood samples and clinical data were obtained from 960 HIV-infected male PWH from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study. DNAm was assessed using the Illumina 450K or the EPIC 850K array in two mutually exclusive subsets. We performed a meta-analysis for each DNAm site measured by either platform. We also examined the associations between four measures of DNAm age acceleration (AA) and liver biomarkers. Results: Nine DNAm sites were positively associated with serum albumin in the meta-analysis of the EPIC and 450K EWAS after correcting for multiple testing. Four DNAm sites (cg16936953, cg18942579, cg01409343, and cg12054453), annotated within the TMEM49 and four of the remaining five sites (cg18181703, cg03546163, cg20995564, and cg23966214) annotated to SOCS3, FKBP5, ZEB2, and SAMD14 genes, respectively. The DNAm site, cg12992827, was not annotated to any known coding sequence. No significant associations were detected for the other six liver biomarkers. Higher PhenoAA was significantly associated with lower level of serum albumin (β = -0.007, p-value = 8.6 × 10-4, CI: -0.011116, -0.002884). Conclusion: We identified epigenetic associations of both individual DNAm sites and DNAm AA with liver function through serum albumin in men with HIV. Further replication analyses in independent cohorts are warranted to confirm the epigenetic mechanisms underlying liver function and LD in PWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boghuma K. Titanji
- Division of Infectious Disease, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mitch Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zeyuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Qin Hui
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Vincent Lo Re III
- Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kaku So-Armah
- Boston University Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amy C. Justice
- Connecticut Veteran Health System, West Haven, CT, United States,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ke Xu
- Connecticut Veteran Health System, West Haven, CT, United States,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Matthew Freiberg
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division and Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Marta Gwinn
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Vincent C. Marconi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States,Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States,Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yan V. Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States,*Correspondence: Yan V. Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang S, Yu B, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Shi L, Chen H. Assessment of Hematologic and Biochemical Parameters for Healthy Commercial Pigs in China. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182464. [PMID: 36139329 PMCID: PMC9494985 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic and biochemical data are useful for indicating disease diagnosis and growth performance in swine. However, the assessment of these parameters in healthy commercial pigs is rare in China. Thus, blood samples were collected from 107 nursery pigs and 87 sows and were analyzed for 25 hematologic and 14 biochemical variables. After the rejection of the outliers and the detection of the data distribution, the correlations between the blood parameters were analyzed and the hematologic/biochemical RIs were preliminarily established using the 95% percentile RI. Correlation analysis showed that albumin was the hub parameter among the blood parameters investigated, and genes overlapping with key correlated variables were discovered. Most of the hematologic and biochemical parameters were significantly different between nursery pigs and sows. The 95% RIs of white blood cells and red blood cells were 7.18–24.52 × 109/L and 5.62–7.84 × 1012/L, respectively, for nursery pigs, but 9.34–23.84 × 109/L and 4.98–8.29 × 1012/L for sows. The 95% RIs of total protein and albumin were 43.16–61.23 g/dL and 19.35–37.86 g/dL, respectively, for nursery pigs, but 64.96–88.68 g/dL and 31.91–43.28 g/dL for sows. In conclusion, our study highlights the variability in blood parameters between nursery pigs and sows and provides fundamental data for the health monitoring of commercial pigs in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yongjin Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture & Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Mengjin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liangyu Shi
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (H.C.); Tel.: +86-027-83956175 (H.C.)
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (H.C.); Tel.: +86-027-83956175 (H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bamikunle MO, Zezi AU, Ya'u J. Effect of methanol root extract of Eriosema psoraleoides on biochemical and haematological parameters and cyclooxygenase levels in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 295:115434. [PMID: 35667583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eriosema psoraleoides is a remedial plant utilised traditionally in the African continent. It is said to possess a wide range of pharmacological activity. In a previous study, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of its methanol root extract have been scientifically demonstrated. The growing use of medicinal plants by people from low-income countries and the plethora of adverse effects accompanying this increasing use has demonstrated the need for comprehensive toxicological evaluation of these plants which have shown therapeutic activity. However, in the capsule that is Nigeria, these studies are seldom done even though locals continue to patronize these plants for their health benefits. AIM OF THE STUDY To establish the repeated dose toxicity profile of the methanol root extract of Eriosema psoraleoides (EPE) in rats and also to investigate a possible mechanism for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were utilised for the test. All animals used for the test were healthy. The oral repeated dose study was carried out for 28 days with animals being given the following doses daily; 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg orally. The Wistar rats were euthanized afterwards and blood samples were taken. The samples were subjected to serum biochemistry in tandem with haematological testing. After acute induction of inflammation with 1% carrageenan in normal saline, sera samples were obtained from the animals: serum cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 levels (COX 1 and COX 2) were assayed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kits. Data were analysed utilising the appropriate software and tests. RESULTS Oral Repeated dose administration of EPE for 28 days didn't produce any lethality in any animal throughout the duration of the test. Repeated dose administration of EPE showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the serum levels of Alanine Aminotransferase as well as Aspartate Aminotransferase at 250 and 1000 mg/kg dose levels. Total protein and albumin were also significantly (p < 0.01) decreased. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum urea level was also observed compared to the normal saline group (1 ml/kg). Sodium levels also showed a decrease with a statistically significant level only in the group treated with the extract at a dose of 1000 mg/kg (p < 0.05). Haematological parameters were not significantly affected by EPE. The extract demonstrated an ability to down-regulate serum concentration of both COX 1 and 2, though not to a statistically significant level. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that prolonged use of EPE might potentially adversely affect vital organs in the body and EPE may potentially act through its downregulation of COX 1 and 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Oromidayo Bamikunle
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, Nigeria.
| | - Abdulkadir Umar Zezi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Jamilu Ya'u
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Study of Albumin Oxidation in COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients: Possible Mechanisms and Consequences. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710103. [PMID: 36077496 PMCID: PMC9456270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by neutrophils and hypoxia in COVID-19 pneumonia leads to albumin modification. This may result in elevated levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and advanced lipoxidation end-products (ALEs) that trigger oxidative bursts of neutrophils and thus participate in cytokine storms, accelerating endothelial lung cell injury, leading to respiratory distress. In this study, sixty-six hospitalized COVID-19 patients with respiratory symptoms were studied. AOPPs-HSA was produced in vitro by treating human serum albumin (HSA) with chloramine T. The interaction of malondialdehyde with HSA was studied using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The findings revealed a significantly elevated level of AOPPs in COVID-19 pneumonia patients on admission to the hospital and one week later as long as they were in the acute phase of infection when compared with values recorded for the same patients 6- and 12-months post-infection. Significant negative correlations of albumin and positive correlations of AOPPs with, e.g., procalcitonin, D-dimers, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, and radiological scores of computed tomography (HRCT), were observed. The AOPPs/albumin ratio was found to be strongly correlated with D-dimers. We suggest that oxidized albumin could be involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology. Some possible clinical consequences of the modification of albumin are also discussed.
Collapse
|
44
|
Gligorijević N, Minić S, Nedić O. Structural changes of proteins in liver cirrhosis and consequential changes in their function. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3780-3792. [PMID: 36157540 PMCID: PMC9367231 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i29.3780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the site of synthesis of the majority of circulating proteins. Besides initial polypeptide synthesis, sophisticated machinery is involved in the further processing of proteins by removing parts of them and/or adding functional groups and small molecules tailoring the final molecule to suit its physiological purpose. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) design a network of molecules with the common protein ancestor but with slightly or considerably varying activity/localization/purpose. PTMs can change under pathological conditions, giving rise to aberrant or overmodified proteins. Undesired changes in the structure of proteins most often accompany undesired changes in their function, such as reduced activity or the appearance of new effects. Proper protein processing is essential for the reactions in living beings and crucial for the overall quality control. Modifications that occur on proteins synthesized in the liver whose PTMs are cirrhosis-related are oxidation, nitration, glycosylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination. Some of them predominantly affect proteins that remain in liver cells, whereas others predominantly occur on proteins that leave the liver or originate from other tissues and perform their function in the circulation. Altered PTMs of certain proteins are potential candidates as biomarkers of liver-related diseases, including cirrhosis. This review will focus on PTMs on proteins whose structural changes in cirrhosis exert or are suspected to exert the most serious functional consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Gligorijević
- Department of Metabolism, University of Belgrade-Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade 11080, Serbia
| | - Simeon Minić
- Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Olgica Nedić
- Department of Metabolism, University of Belgrade-Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade 11080, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kulkarni AV, Premkumar M, Arab JP, Kumar K, Sharma M, Reddy ND, Padaki NR, Reddy RK. Early Diagnosis and Prevention of Infections in Cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis 2022; 42:293-312. [PMID: 35672014 DOI: 10.1055/a-1869-7607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Strategies to prevent infection and improve outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. HAV, hepatitis A virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; COVID-19, novel coronavirus disease 2019; NSBB, nonselective β-blocker; PPI, proton pump inhibitors.Cirrhosis is a risk factor for infections. Majority of hospital admissions in patients with cirrhosis are due to infections. Sepsis is an immunological response to an infectious process that leads to end-organ dysfunction and death. Preventing infections may avoid the downstream complications, and early diagnosis of infections may improve the outcomes. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and biomarkers of infection; the incremental preventive strategies for infections and sepsi; and the consequent organ failures in cirrhosis. Strategies for primary prevention include reducing gut translocation by selective intestinal decontamination, avoiding unnecessary proton pump inhibitors' use, appropriate use of β-blockers, and vaccinations for viral diseases including novel coronavirus disease 2019. Secondary prevention includes early diagnosis and a timely and judicious use of antibiotics to prevent organ dysfunction. Organ failure support constitutes tertiary intervention in cirrhosis. In conclusion, infections in cirrhosis are potentially preventable with appropriate care strategies to then enable improved outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand V Kulkarni
- Department of Hepatology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Madhumita Premkumar
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Juan P Arab
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karan Kumar
- Department of Hepatology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mithun Sharma
- Department of Hepatology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Nageshwar D Reddy
- Department of Hepatology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Nagaraja R Padaki
- Department of Hepatology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajender K Reddy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu W, Pu Y, Zhu C, Qin A. Establishment of a scoring model for early diagnosis of infection associated with liver failure. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100713. [PMID: 35500804 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Infection is a common complication of liver failure. Serum inflammatory markers used to diagnose infection have sufficient diagnostic sensitivity but low specificity. This study aimed to improve the early diagnosis of infections in liver failure patients by developing a diagnostic model and evaluating its predictive ability. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from liver failure patients. Cases were divided into infected and non-infected groups according to their clinical diagnosis. Nine infection-related predictors (age, body temperature, neutrophil ratio (NE%), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactic acid (Lac), serum albumin (Alb), model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score) were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic model was validated, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze its predictive accuracy. RESULTS In the model group, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, body temperature, PCT, CRP, Lac, and SOFA score were independent predictors of infection associated with liver failure (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the model was 0.899 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.846-0.939), and the sensitivity and specificity were 86.2% and 80.4%, respectively. The AUC for the validation group was 0.953 (95% CI 0.899-0.983), and the sensitivity and specificity were 91.7% and 84.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study reports a model for early diagnosis of infection in liver failure patients. The model had high overall accuracy and showed good reproducibility and reliability in patients from different centers in the same region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taicang First People's Hospital, Taicang, 215400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yonglan Pu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taicang First People's Hospital, Taicang, 215400, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Chuanwu Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Suzhou Fifth People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ailan Qin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Castro-Narro G, Moctezuma-Velázquez C, Male-Velázquez R, Trejo-Estrada R, Bosques FJ, Moreno-Alcántar R, Rodríguez-Hernández H, Bautista-Santos A, Córtez-Hernández C, Cerda-Reyes E, Pérez-Escobar J, Aldana-Ledesma JM, Aguirre-Valadez J, Ruiz-Velasco JAV, Contreras-Omaña R, Miranda-Zazueta G, Reyes-Bastidas MDR, Meza-Cardona JM, Chávez-Tapia N, Fernández-Pérez NJ, García-Jiménez ES, Torre A. Position statement on the use of albumin in liver cirrhosis. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100708. [PMID: 35550187 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is characterised by a prolonged asymptomatic period in which the inflammation persists, increasing as the disease progresses. Characteristic of this is the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-oxidant molecules which are determining factors in the development of multiple organ dysfunction. In the early development of cirrhosis, splanchnic arterial vasodilation, activation of vasoconstrictor systems (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) and the sympathetic nervous system (noradrenaline) bring about bacterial translocation and systemic dissemination via portal circulation of bacterial products, and molecular patterns associated with damage, which exacerbate the systemic inflammation present in the patient with cirrhosis. Albumin is a molecule that undergoes structural and functional changes as liver damage progresses, affecting its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, oncotic and endothelial stabilising properties. Our knowledge of the properties of albumin reveals a molecule with multiple treatment options in patients with cirrhosis, from the compensated then decompensated phases to multiple organ dysfunction. Its recognised uses in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, post-paracentesis circulatory dysfunction, acute kidney injury and hepatorenal syndrome are fully validated, and a treatment option has opened up in decompensated cirrhosis and in acute-on-chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Castro-Narro
- Gastroenterology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" ["Salvador Zubirán" National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition], Mexico City, Mexico; Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Moctezuma-Velázquez
- Gastroenterology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" ["Salvador Zubirán" National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition], Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rene Male-Velázquez
- Instituto de la Salud Digestiva y Hepática [Institute of Gastrointestinal and Liver Health], Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | | | - Rosalba Moreno-Alcántar
- Centro Médico de Alta Especialidad Siglo XXI [21st Century High Speciality Medical Centre], Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Aleida Bautista-Santos
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre ["20 November" National Medical Centre], Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Eira Cerda-Reyes
- Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City, Mexico; Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juanita Pérez-Escobar
- Gastroenterology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" ["Salvador Zubirán" National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition], Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Raúl Contreras-Omaña
- Centro de Estudio e Investigación en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Toxicológicas (CEIHET) [Centre for Study and Research in Hepatic and Toxicological Diseases], Pachuca de Soto, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Godolfino Miranda-Zazueta
- Gastroenterology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" ["Salvador Zubirán" National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition], Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aldo Torre
- Metabolic Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" ["Salvador Zubirán" National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition], Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ward ES, Gelinas D, Dreesen E, Van Santbergen J, Andersen JT, Silvestri NJ, Kiss JE, Sleep D, Rader DJ, Kastelein JJP, Louagie E, Vidarsson G, Spriet I. Clinical Significance of Serum Albumin and Implications of FcRn Inhibitor Treatment in IgG-Mediated Autoimmune Disorders. Front Immunol 2022; 13:892534. [PMID: 35757719 PMCID: PMC9231186 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum albumin (SA), the most abundant soluble protein in the body, maintains plasma oncotic pressure and regulates the distribution of vascular fluid and has a range of other important functions. The goals of this review are to expand clinical knowledge regarding the functions of SA, elucidate effects of dysregulated SA concentration, and discuss the clinical relevance of hypoalbuminemia resulting from various diseases. We discuss potential repercussions of SA dysregulation on cholesterol levels, liver function, and other processes that rely on its homeostasis, as decreased SA concentration has been shown to be associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, and mortality. We describe the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of SA, as well as its ability to bind and transport a plethora of endogenous and exogenous molecules. SA is the primary serum protein involved in binding and transport of drugs and as such has the potential to affect, or be affected by, certain medications. Of current relevance are antibody-based inhibitors of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), several of which are under clinical development to treat immunoglobulin G (IgG)-mediated autoimmune disorders; some have been shown to decrease SA concentration. FcRn acts as a homeostatic regulator of SA by rescuing it, as well as IgG, from intracellular degradation via a common cellular recycling mechanism. Greater clinical understanding of the multifunctional nature of SA and the potential clinical impact of decreased SA are needed; in particular, the potential for certain treatments to reduce SA concentration, which may affect efficacy and toxicity of medications and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Sally Ward
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Erwin Dreesen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jan Terje Andersen
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Joseph E Kiss
- Vitalant Northeast Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Daniel J Rader
- Departments of Genetics and Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John J P Kastelein
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease, Academic Medical Center (AMC) of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Isabel Spriet
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Pharmacy Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Simicic D, Cudalbu C, Pierzchala K. Overview of oxidative stress findings in hepatic encephalopathy: From cellular and ammonium-based animal models to human data. Anal Biochem 2022; 654:114795. [PMID: 35753389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a natural phenomenon in the body. Under physiological conditions intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are normal components of signal transduction cascades, and their levels are maintained by a complex antioxidants systems participating in the in-vivo redox homeostasis. Increased oxidative stress is present in several chronic diseases and interferes with phagocytic and nervous cell functions, causing an up-regulation of cytokines and inflammation. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) occurs in both acute liver failure (ALF) and chronic liver disease. Increased blood and brain ammonium has been considered as an important factor in pathogenesis of HE and has been associated with inflammation, neurotoxicity, and oxidative stress. The relationship between ROS and the pathophysiology of HE is still poorly understood. Therefore, sensing ROS production for a better understanding of the relationship between oxidative stress and functional outcome in HE pathophysiology is critical for determining the disease mechanisms, as well as to improve the management of patients. This review is emphasizing the important role of oxidative stress in HE development and documents the changes occurring as a consequence of oxidative stress augmentation based on cellular and ammonium-based animal models to human data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Simicic
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland; Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Cudalbu
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland; Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Pierzchala
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland; Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Singh H, Singh T, Singh AP, Kaur S, Arora S, Singh B. Hepatoprotective effect of Physalis divaricata in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity: In vitro, in silico and in vivo analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 290:115024. [PMID: 35085744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Physalis divaricata D. Don. is an erect weed of family Solanaceae. The root extract of this plant is used by the indigenous communities of Sub-Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India for the treatment of liver disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate hepatoprotective potential of P. divaricata in paracetamol (PCM) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dried roots of P. divaricata were subjected to extraction using different solvents. The chloroform extract, methanol extract and bioactive aqueous fraction of methanol extract were evaluated for hepatoprotective effect. After initial in vitro screening, all extracts were screened for hepatoprotective potential in PCM (3 g/kg p.o) induced hepatotoxicity. Following PCM administration, extracts were administered orally for 7 days in increasing dose concentrations. All the animals were euthanized on eighth day, serum and liver tissues were collected and subjected to various biochemical and histopathological analysis. Aqueous fraction of methanol extract was further analyzed using LC- MS analysis. RESULTS Methanol extract and its bioactive aqueous fraction exhibited significant and better in vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activity as compared to chloroform extract. PCM treatment caused hepatotoxicity as assessed by altered levels of various hepatic biomarkers (increase in the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, TBARS, and AOPPs as well as decrease in GSH and TrxR levels) along with histopathological changes (portal to portal bridging, necrosis, and inflammation). Methanolic extract (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) and its aqueous fraction treatment (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly restored elevated hepatic biomarkers, oxidative stress, and protected normal hepato-architecture. LC-MS analysis of aqueous fraction showed presence of rutin and kaempferol. In silico analysis further showed the capability of rutin to make complex with TNF-α and block its interaction with the target site. CONCLUSION Aqueous fraction showed maximum hepatoprotective potential as conceived through in vitro and in vivo studies. Presence of rutin may explain hepatoprotective potential of P. divaricata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Tanveer Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University, Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA.
| | - Amrit Pal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Sarabjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| |
Collapse
|