1
|
Jin J, Wang D, Qian H, Ruan C, Yang Y, Li D, Wang G, Zhu X, Hu Y, Lei P. Precision pore structure optimization of additive manufacturing porous tantalum scaffolds for bone regeneration: A proof-of-concept study. Biomaterials 2025; 313:122756. [PMID: 39182327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the treatment of bone defects in arthroplasty is a challenge in clinical practice. Nonetheless, commercially available orthopaedic scaffolds have shown limited therapeutic effects for large bone defects, especially for massiveand irregular defects. Additively manufactured porous tantalum, in particular, has emerged as a promising material for such scaffolds and is widely used in orthopaedics for its exceptional biocompatibility, osteoinduction, and mechanical properties. Porous tantalum has also exhibited unique advantages in personalised rapid manufacturing, which allows for the creation of customised scaffolds with complex geometric shapes for clinical applications at a low cost and high efficiency. However, studies on the effect of the pore structure of additively manufactured porous tantalum on bone regeneration have been rare. In this study, our group designed and fabricated a batch of precision porous tantalum scaffolds via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) with pore sizes of 250 μm (Ta 250), 450 μm (Ta 450), 650 μm (Ta 650), and 850 μm (Ta 850). We then performed a series of in vitro experiments and observed that all four groups showed good biocompatibility. In particular, Ta 450 demonstrated the best osteogenic performance. Afterwards, our team used a rat bone defect model to determine the in vivo osteogenic effects. Based on micro-computed tomography and histology, we identified that Ta 450 exhibited the best bone ingrowth performance. Subsequently, sheep femur and hip defect models were used to further confirm the osteogenic effects of Ta 450 scaffolds. Finally, we verified the aforementioned in vitro and in vivo results via clinical application (seven patients waiting for revision total hip arthroplasty) of the Ta 450 scaffold. The clinical results confirmed that Ta 450 had satisfactory clinical outcomes up to the 12-month follow-up. In summary, our findings indicate that 450 μm is the suitable pore size for porous tantalum scaffolds. This study may provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of massive, irreparable, and protracted bone defects in arthroplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hu Qian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chengxin Ruan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 200233, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Hunan Huaxiang Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Pengfei Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fares N, Lavaud M, Zhang Z, Jha A, Amarouchene Y, Salez T. Observation of Brownian elastohydrodynamic forces acting on confined soft colloids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2411956121. [PMID: 39365828 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2411956121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Confined motions in complex environments are ubiquitous in microbiology. These situations invariably involve the intricate coupling between fluid flow, soft boundaries, surface forces, and fluctuations. In the present study, such a coupling is investigated using a method combining holographic microscopy and advanced statistical inference. Specifically, the Brownian motion of soft micrometric oil droplets near rigid walls is quantitatively analyzed. All the key statistical observables are reconstructed with high precision, allowing for nanoscale resolution of local mobilities and femtonewton inference of conservative or nonconservative forces. Strikingly, the analysis reveals the existence of a novel, transient, but large, soft Brownian force. The latter might be of crucial importance for microbiological and nanophysical transport, target finding, or chemical reactions in crowded environments, and hence the whole life machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fares
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, Talence F-33400, France
| | - Maxime Lavaud
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, Talence F-33400, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - Zaicheng Zhang
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, Talence F-33400, France
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Aditya Jha
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, Talence F-33400, France
| | | | - Thomas Salez
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, Talence F-33400, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang D, Houck KL, Murdiyarso L, Higgins H, Rhoads N, Romero SK, Kozar R, Nascimbene A, Gernsheimer TB, Sanchez ZAC, Ramasubramanian AK, Adili R, Dong JF. RBCs regulate platelet function and hemostasis under shear conditions through biophysical and biochemical means. Blood 2024; 144:1521-1531. [PMID: 38985835 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024023887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Red blood cells (RBCs) have been hypothesized to support hemostasis by facilitating platelet margination and releasing platelet-activating factors such as adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP). Significant knowledge gaps remain regarding how RBCs influence platelet function, especially in (patho)physiologically relevant hemodynamic conditions. Here, we present results showing how RBCs affect platelet function and hemostasis in conditions of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia and how the biochemical and biophysical properties of RBCs regulate platelet function at the blood and vessel wall interface and in the fluid phase under flow conditions. We found that RBCs promoted platelet deposition to collagen under flow conditions in moderate (50 × 103/μL) but not severe (10 × 103/μL) thrombocytopenia in vitro. Reduction in hematocrit by 45% increased bleeding in mice with hemolytic anemia. In contrast, bleeding diathesis was observed in mice with a 90% but not with a 60% reduction in platelet counts. RBC transfusion improved hemostasis by enhancing fibrin clot formation at the site of vascular injury in mice with severe pancytopenia induced by total body irradiation. Altering membrane deformability changed the ability of RBCs to promote shear-induced platelet aggregation. RBC-derived ADP contributed to platelet activation and aggregation in vitro under pathologically high shear stresses, as observed in patients supported by left ventricular assist devices. These findings demonstrate that RBCs support platelet function and hemostasis through multiple mechanisms, both at the blood and vessel wall interface and in the fluidic phase of circulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Jiang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Division of Hematology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rosemary Kozar
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Angelo Nascimbene
- Center for Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, The University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Terry B Gernsheimer
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Zyrina Alura C Sanchez
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA
| | | | | | - Jing-Fei Dong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li W, Yao Z, Ma T, Ye Z, He K, Wang L, Wang H, Fu Y, Xu X. Acoustofluidic precise manipulation: Recent advances in applications for micro/nano bioparticles. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 332:103276. [PMID: 39146580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Acoustofluidic technologies that integrate acoustic waves and microfluidic chips have been widely used in bioparticle manipulation. As a representative technology, acoustic tweezers have attracted significant attention due to their simple manufacturing, contact-free operation, and low energy consumption. Recently, acoustic tweezers have enabled the efficient and smart manipulation of biotargets with sizes covering millimeters (such as zebrafish) and nanometers (such as DNA). In addition to acoustic tweezers, other related acoustofluidic chips including acoustic separating, mixing, enriching, and transporting chips, have also emerged to be powerful platforms to manipulate micro/nano bioparticles (cells in blood, extracellular vesicles, liposomes, and so on). Accordingly, some interesting applications were also developed, such as smart sensing. In this review, we firstly introduce the principles of acoustic tweezers and various related technologies. Second, we compare and summarize recent applications of acoustofluidics in bioparticle manipulation and sensing. Finally, we outlook the future development direction from the perspectives such as device design and interdisciplinary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanglu Li
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and Robotics for Agriculture of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhihao Yao
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Tongtong Ma
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and Robotics for Agriculture of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kaiyu He
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Liu Wang
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yingchun Fu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and Robotics for Agriculture of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiahong Xu
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Saugel B, Annecke T, Bein B, Flick M, Goepfert M, Gruenewald M, Habicher M, Jungwirth B, Koch T, Kouz K, Meidert AS, Pestel G, Renner J, Sakka SG, Sander M, Treskatsch S, Zitzmann A, Reuter DA. Intraoperative haemodynamic monitoring and management of adults having non-cardiac surgery: Guidelines of the German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine in collaboration with the German Association of the Scientific Medical Societies. J Clin Monit Comput 2024; 38:945-959. [PMID: 38381359 PMCID: PMC11427556 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-024-01132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Haemodynamic monitoring and management are cornerstones of perioperative care. The goal of haemodynamic management is to maintain organ function by ensuring adequate perfusion pressure, blood flow, and oxygen delivery. We here present guidelines on "Intraoperative haemodynamic monitoring and management of adults having non-cardiac surgery" that were prepared by 18 experts on behalf of the German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und lntensivmedizin; DGAI).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Saugel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Thorsten Annecke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Cologne Merheim Medical Center, Hospital of the University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany
| | - Berthold Bein
- Department for Anaesthesiology, Asklepios Hospital Hamburg St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Flick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Goepfert
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Alexianer St. Hedwigkliniken Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Gruenewald
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Evangelisches Amalie Sieveking Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marit Habicher
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bettina Jungwirth
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tilo Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Karim Kouz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Agnes S Meidert
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gunther Pestel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochen Renner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Municipal Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Samir G Sakka
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Gemeinschaftsklinikum Mittelrhein gGmbH, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Michael Sander
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sascha Treskatsch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amelie Zitzmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daniel A Reuter
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jian Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Tang M, Deng M, Liu C, Cheng M, Xiao S, Deng C, Wei Z. Lymphangiogenesis: novel strategies to promote cutaneous wound healing. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkae040. [PMID: 39328366 PMCID: PMC11427083 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The cutaneous lymphatic system regulates tissue inflammation, fluid balance and immunological responses. Lymphangiogenesis or lymphatic dysfunction may lead to lymphedema, immune deficiency, chronic inflammation etc. Tissue regeneration and healing depend on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during wound healing. Tissue oedema and chronic inflammation can slow wound healing due to impaired lymphangiogenesis or lymphatic dysfunction. For example, impaired lymphangiogenesis or lymphatic dysfunction has been detected in nonhealing wounds such as diabetic ulcers, venous ulcers and bedsores. This review summarizes the structure and function of the cutaneous lymphatic vessel system and lymphangiogenesis in wounds. Furthermore, we review wound lymphangiogenesis processes and remodelling, especially the influence of the inflammatory phase. Finally, we outline how to control lymphangiogenesis to promote wound healing, assess the possibility of targeting lymphangiogenesis as a novel treatment strategy for chronic wounds and provide an analysis of the possible problems that need to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jian
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Yanqi Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Yanji Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Mingyuan Tang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Mingfu Deng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Chenxiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Maolin Cheng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Shune Xiao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Chengliang Deng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Zairong Wei
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 149 Dalian Road, Hui chuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Road, Xinpu District, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Girelli A, Giantesio G, Musesti A, Penta R. Multiscale computational analysis of the steady fluid flow through a lymph node. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024:10.1007/s10237-024-01879-7. [PMID: 39320689 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-024-01879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Lymph Nodes (LNs) are crucial to the immune and lymphatic systems, filtering harmful substances and regulating lymph transport. LNs consist of a lymphoid compartment (LC) that forms a porous bulk region, and a subcapsular sinus (SCS), which is a free-fluid region. Mathematical and mechanical challenges arise in understanding lymph flow dynamics. The highly vascularized lymph node connects the lymphatic and blood systems, emphasizing its essential role in maintaining the fluid balance in the body. In this work, we describe a mathematical model in a steady setting to describe the lymph transport in a lymph node. We couple the fluid flow in the SCS governed by an incompressible Stokes equation with the fluid flow in LC, described by a model obtained by means of asymptotic homogenisation technique, taking into account the multiscale nature of the node and the fluid exchange with the blood vessels inside it. We solve this model using numerical simulations and we analyze the lymph transport inside the node to elucidate its regulatory mechanisms and significance. Our results highlight the crucial role of the microstructure of the lymph node in regularising its fluid balance. These results can pave the way to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the lymph node's multiscale functionalities which can be significantly affected by specific physiological and pathological conditions, such as those characterising malignant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Girelli
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "N. Tartaglia", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Giantesio
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "N. Tartaglia", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
- Mathematics for Technology, Medicine and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Musesti
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "N. Tartaglia", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raimondo Penta
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peterman DJ, Byron ML. Encoding spatiotemporal asymmetry in artificial cilia with a ctenophore-inspired soft-robotic platform. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2024; 19:066002. [PMID: 39255824 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ad791c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
A remarkable variety of organisms use metachronal coordination (i.e. numerous neighboring appendages beating sequentially with a fixed phase lag) to swim or pump fluid. This coordination strategy is used by microorganisms to break symmetry at small scales where viscous effects dominate and flow is time-reversible. Some larger organisms use this swimming strategy at intermediate scales, where viscosity and inertia both play important roles. However, the role of individual propulsor kinematics-especially across hydrodynamic scales-is not well-understood, though the details of propulsor motion can be crucial for the efficient generation of flow. To investigate this behavior, we developed a new soft robotic platform using magnetoactive silicone elastomers to mimic the metachronally coordinated propulsors found in swimming organisms. Furthermore, we present a method to passively encode spatially asymmetric beating patterns in our artificial propulsors. We investigated the kinematics and hydrodynamics of three propulsor types, with varying degrees of asymmetry, using Particle Image Velocimetry and high-speed videography. We find that asymmetric beating patterns can move considerably more fluid relative to symmetric beating at the same frequency and phase lag, and that asymmetry can be passively encoded into propulsors via the interplay between elastic and magnetic torques. Our results demonstrate that nuanced differences in propulsor kinematics can substantially impact fluid pumping performance. Our soft robotic platform also provides an avenue to explore metachronal coordination at the meso-scale, which in turn can inform the design of future bioinspired pumping devices and swimming robots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Peterman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Margaret L Byron
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park W, Park HY, Kim SW. Effects of 12 Weeks of Combined Exercise Training in Normobaric Hypoxia on Arterial Stiffness, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Red Blood Cell Hemorheological Function in Obese Older Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1887. [PMID: 39337228 PMCID: PMC11431341 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12181887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The present study examined the effect of 12-week combined exercise training in normobaric hypoxia on arterial stiffness, inflammatory biomarkers, and red blood cell (RBC) hemorheological function in 24 obese older women (mean age: 67.96 ± 0.96 years). METHODS Subjects were randomly divided into two groups (normoxia (NMX; n = 12) and hypoxia (HPX; n = 12)). Both groups performed aerobic and resistance exercise training programs three times per week for 12 weeks, and the HPX group performed exercise programs in hypoxic environment chambers during the intervention period. Body composition was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis equipment. Arterial stiffness was measured using an automatic waveform analyzer. Biomarkers of inflammation and oxygen transport (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), erythropoietin (EPO), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)), and RBC hemorheological parameters (RBC deformability and aggregation) were analyzed. RESULTS All variables showed significantly more beneficial changes in the HPX group than in the NMX group during the intervention. The combined exercise training in normobaric hypoxia significantly reduced blood pressure (systolic blood pressure: p < 0.001, diastolic blood pressure: p < 0.001, mean arterial pressure: p < 0.001, pulse pressure: p < 0.05) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (p < 0.001). IL-6 was significantly lower in the HPX group than in the NMX group post-test (p < 0.001). Also, EPO (p < 0.01) and VEGF (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in the HPX group than in the NMX group post-test. Both groups showed significantly improved RBC deformability (RBC EI_3Pa) (p < 0.001) and aggregation (RBC AI_3Pa) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that combined exercise training in normobaric hypoxia can improve inflammatory biomarkers and RBC hemorheological parameters in obese older women and may help prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wonil Park
- Department of Sports Science, Korea Institute of Sports Science, 424 Olympic-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05540, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma Z, Kong D, Cai W, Wang Z, Cheng M, Wu Z, Zhao X, Cen M, Dai H, Guo S, Liu YJ. Generating Airy surface acoustic waves with dislocated interdigital transducers. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39289895 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00371c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
We propose an innovative design for interdigital transducers (IDTs), enabling phase modulation of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) with a dislocated electrode structure. By designing the size and arrangement of these dislocated IDTs, a novel type of Airy SAWs can be generated, exhibiting self-accelerating, self-bending, and self-healing characteristics. The acceleration of the generated Airy SAW is 0.081 cm-1. Furthermore, particles and bubbles can be precisely manipulated using the generated Airy SAW. The proposed dislocated IDTs could be used for generation of many other types of SAWs, hence holding great promise for applications including SAW shaping, particle manipulation/sorting, and acoustic sensing/detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongjun Ma
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Delai Kong
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenfeng Cai
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhenming Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xueqian Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mengjia Cen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haitao Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shifeng Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yan Jun Liu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for High Resolution Light Field Display and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ju Z, Zheng T, Zhang B, Yu G. Interfacial chemistry in multivalent aqueous batteries: fundamentals, challenges, and advances. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8980-9028. [PMID: 39158505 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00474d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage systems, aqueous batteries are attracting great interest due to their advantages of high safety, high sustainability, and low costs when compared with commercial lithium-ion batteries, showing great promise for grid-scale energy storage. This invited tutorial review aims to provide universal design principles to address the critical challenges at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces faced by various multivalent aqueous battery systems. Specifically, deposition regulation, ion flux homogenization, and solvation chemistry modulation are proposed as the key principles to tune the inter-component interactions in aqueous batteries, with corresponding interfacial design strategies and their underlying working mechanisms illustrated. In the end, we present a critical analysis on the remaining obstacles necessitated to overcome for the use of aqueous batteries under different practical conditions and provide future prospects towards further advancement of sustainable aqueous energy storage systems with high energy and long durability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Ju
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Tianrui Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu X, Lin SQ, Xie J, Wang LH, Zhang LJ, Xu LL, Xu JG, Lv YB. Biomarkers of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer: update. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1409627. [PMID: 39328205 PMCID: PMC11424378 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1409627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, trailing only behind lung cancer, and stands as the third most prevalent malignant tumor, following lung and breast cancers. The primary cause of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) stems from distant metastasis. Among the various routes of metastasis in CRC, lymph node metastasis predominates, serving as a pivotal factor in both prognostication and treatment decisions for patients. This intricate cascade of events involves multifaceted molecular mechanisms, highlighting the complexity underlying lymph node metastasis in CRC. The cytokines or proteins involved in lymph node metastasis may represent the most promising lymph node metastasis markers for clinical use. In this review, we aim to consolidate the current understanding of the mechanisms and pathophysiology underlying lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC), drawing upon insights from the most recent literatures. We also provide an overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the molecular underpinnings of lymph node metastasis in CRC, along with the potential of innovative targeted therapies. These advancements hold promise for enhancing the prognosis of CRC patients by addressing the challenges posed by lymph node metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Shui-Quan Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Li-Hui Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Yang-Bo Lv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu Q, Wang W, Sinhmar H, Griniasty I, Kim JZ, Pelster JT, Chaudhari P, Reynolds MF, Cao MC, Muller DA, Apsel AB, Abbott NL, Kress-Gazit H, McEuen PL, Cohen I. Electronically configurable microscopic metasheet robots. NATURE MATERIALS 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-02007-7. [PMID: 39261721 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Shape morphing is vital to locomotion in microscopic organisms but has been challenging to achieve in sub-millimetre robots. By overcoming obstacles associated with miniaturization, we demonstrate microscopic electronically configurable morphing metasheet robots. These metabots expand locally using a kirigami structure spanning five decades in length, from 10 nm electrochemically actuated hinges to 100 μm splaying panels making up the ~1 mm robot. The panels are organized into unit cells that can expand and contract by 40% within 100 ms. These units are tiled to create metasheets with over 200 hinges and independent electronically actuating regions that enable the robot to switch between multiple target geometries with distinct curvature distributions. By electronically actuating independent regions with prescribed phase delays, we generate locomotory gaits. These results advance a metamaterial paradigm for microscopic, continuum, compliant, programmable robots and pave the way to a broad spectrum of applications, including reconfigurable micromachines, tunable optical metasurfaces and miniaturized biomedical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingkun Liu
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Himani Sinhmar
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Itay Griniasty
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jason Z Kim
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jacob T Pelster
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael F Reynolds
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Michael C Cao
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - David A Muller
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Alyssa B Apsel
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas L Abbott
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hadas Kress-Gazit
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Paul L McEuen
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Itai Cohen
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Girelli A. A quasilinear hyperbolic one-dimensional model of the lymph flow through a lymphangion with valve dynamics and a contractile wall. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39262168 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2399769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a one-dimensional model that describes fluid flow in lymphangions, the segments of lymphatic vessels between valves, using quasilinear hyperbolic systems. The model incorporates a phenomenological pressure-cross-sectional area relationship based on existing literature. Numerical solutions of the differential equations align with known results, offering insights into lymphatic flow dynamics. This model enhances the understanding of lymph movement through the lymphatic system, driven by lymphangion contractions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Girelli
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "N. Tartaglia", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mudugamuwa A, Roshan U, Hettiarachchi S, Cha H, Musharaf H, Kang X, Trinh QT, Xia HM, Nguyen NT, Zhang J. Periodic Flows in Microfluidics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404685. [PMID: 39246195 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidics, the science and technology of manipulating fluids in microscale channels, offers numerous advantages, such as low energy consumption, compact device size, precise control, fast reaction, and enhanced portability. These benefits have led to applications in biomedical assays, disease diagnostics, drug discovery, neuroscience, and so on. Fluid flow within microfluidic channels is typically in the laminar flow region, which is characterized by low Reynolds numbers but brings the challenge of efficient mixing of fluids. Periodic flows are time-dependent fluid flows, featuring repetitive patterns that can significantly improve fluid mixing and extend the effective length of microchannels for submicron and nanoparticle manipulation. Besides, periodic flow is crucial in organ-on-a-chip (OoC) for accurately modeling physiological processes, advancing disease understanding, drug development, and personalized medicine. Various techniques for generating periodic flows have been reported, including syringe pumps, peristalsis, and actuation based on electric, magnetic, acoustic, mechanical, pneumatic, and fluidic forces, yet comprehensive reviews on this topic remain limited. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of periodic flows in microfluidics, from fundamental mechanisms to generation techniques and applications. The challenges and future perspectives are also discussed to exploit the potential of periodic flows in microfluidics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amith Mudugamuwa
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Uditha Roshan
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Samith Hettiarachchi
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Haotian Cha
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Hafiz Musharaf
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Xiaoyue Kang
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Quang Thang Trinh
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Huan Ming Xia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Torrik A, Zarif M. Machine learning assisted sorting of active microswimmers. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:094907. [PMID: 39225539 DOI: 10.1063/5.0216862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Active matter systems, being in a non-equilibrium state, exhibit complex behaviors, such as self-organization, giving rise to emergent phenomena. There are many examples of active particles with biological origins, including bacteria and spermatozoa, or with artificial origins, such as self-propelled swimmers and Janus particles. The ability to manipulate active particles is vital for their effective application, e.g., separating motile spermatozoa from nonmotile and dead ones, to increase fertilization chance. In this study, we proposed a mechanism-an apparatus-to sort and demix active particles based on their motility values (Péclet number). Initially, using Brownian simulations, we demonstrated the feasibility of sorting self-propelled particles. Following this, we employed machine learning methods, supplemented with data from comprehensive simulations that we conducted for this study, to model the complex behavior of active particles. This enabled us to sort them based on their Péclet number. Finally, we evaluated the performance of the developed models and showed their effectiveness in demixing and sorting the active particles. Our findings can find applications in various fields, including physics, biology, and biomedical science, where the sorting and manipulation of active particles play a pivotal role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolhalim Torrik
- Department of Physical and Computational Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-9411, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zarif
- Department of Physical and Computational Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-9411, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Arranz G, Ling Y, Costa S, Goc K, Lozano-Durán A. Building-block-flow computational model for large-eddy simulation of external aerodynamic applications. COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING 2024; 3:127. [PMID: 39244609 PMCID: PMC11380693 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics is an essential tool for accelerating the discovery and adoption of transformative designs across multiple engineering disciplines. Despite its many successes, no single approach consistently achieves high accuracy for all flow phenomena of interest, primarily due to limitations in the modeling assumptions. Here, we introduce a closure model for wall-modeled large-eddy simulation to address this challenge. The model, referred to as the Building-block Flow Model (BFM), rests on the premise that a finite collection of simple flows encapsulates the essential missing physics necessary to predict more complex scenarios. The BFM is designed to: (1) predict multiple flow regimes, (2) unify the closure model at solid boundaries and the rest of the flow, (3) ensure consistency with numerical schemes and gridding strategies by accounting for numerical errors, (4) be directly applicable to arbitrary complex geometries, and (5) be scalable to model additional flow physics in the future. The BFM is utilized to predict key quantities in five cases, including an aircraft in landing configuration, demonstrating similar or superior capabilities compared to previous state-of-the-art models. The design of BFM opens up new opportunities for developing closure models that can accurately represent various flow physics across different scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Arranz
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Yuenong Ling
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sam Costa
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Konrad Goc
- The Boeing Company, Everett, 98204, WA, USA
| | - Adrián Lozano-Durán
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Graduate Aerospace Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang Q, Liu M, Zhao K, Xu X, Zhang J, Xu B. Hyperhomocysteinemia increases the risk of vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysm among the male Han Chinese population: a retrospective case-control study. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:951-957. [PMID: 36714920 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2174024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT Vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms (VBDAs) are known to have a poor natural history with high rates of re-bleeding and mortality. There is a strong relation between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and cerebrovascular disease; we perform a retrospective study within the male of Chinese Han population to explore the association between HHcy and VBDAs. METHODS Eighty-eight male patients with VBDA and Eighty-one male control subjects were evaluated for their serum total homocysteine levels. With multiple logistic regression analysis, the association between HHcy and the risk of VBDAs was estimated. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted according to age, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, and chronic disease histories. The two-piecewise linear regression model examined the threshold effect. RESULTS The multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed a significant association between HHcy and VBDAs (odds ratio (OR) = 2.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-6.71) after adjusting for classical vascular risk factors. The relationship was stable in all subgroup analysis. The interactive role was not found in the association between HHcy and VBDAs for the potential risk factor. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study provides evidence that HHcy can increases the risk of VBDAs in the male Han Chinese population. Further researches with appropriate study designs including sex differences and aneurysm types are needed to verify this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Minghang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - JiaShu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - BaiNan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Agarwalla S, Singh SK, Duraiswamy S. A traveling surface acoustic wave-based micropiezoactuator: A tool for additive- and label-free cell lysis. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:054104. [PMID: 39280194 PMCID: PMC11392560 DOI: 10.1063/5.0209663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
We propose a traveling surface acoustic wave (TSAW)-based microfluidic method for cell lysis that enables lysis of any biological entity, without the need for additional additives. Lysis of cells in the sample solution flowing through a poly (dimethyl siloxane) microchannel is enabled by the interaction of cells with TSAWs propagated from gold interdigitated transducers (IDTs) patterned onto a LiNbO3 piezoelectric substrate, onto which the microchannel was also bonded. Numerical simulations to determine the wave propagation intensities with varying parameters including IDT design, supply voltage, and distance of the channel from the IDT were performed. Experiments were then used to validate the simulations and the best lysis parameters were used to maximize the nucleic acid/protein extraction efficiency (>95%) within few seconds. A comparative analysis of our method with traditional chemical, physical and thermal, as well as the current microfluidic methods for lysis demonstrates the superiority of our method. Our lysis strategy can hence be used independently and/or integrated with other nucleic acid-based technologies or point-of-care devices for the lysis of any pathogen (Gram positives and negatives), eukaryotic cells, and tissues at low voltage (3 V) and frequency (33.17 MHz), without the use of amplifiers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushama Agarwalla
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Singh
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Suhanya Duraiswamy
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bertram CD. The Lymphatic Vascular System: Does Nonuniform Lymphangion Length Limit Flow-Rate? J Biomech Eng 2024; 146:091007. [PMID: 38558115 PMCID: PMC11080954 DOI: 10.1115/1.4065217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A previously developed model of a lymphatic vessel as a chain of lymphangions was investigated to determine whether lymphangions of unequal length reduce pumping relative to a similar chain of equal-length ones. The model incorporates passive elastic and active contractile properties taken from ex vivo measurements, and intravascular lymphatic valves as transvalvular pressure-dependent resistances to flow with hysteresis and transmural pressure-dependent bias to the open state as observed experimentally. Coordination of lymphangion contractions is managed by marrying an autonomous transmural pressure-dependent pacemaker for each lymphangion with bidirectional transmission of activation signals between lymphangions, qualitatively matching empirical observations. With eight lymphangions as used here and many nonlinear constraints, the model is capable of complex outcomes. The expected flow-rate advantage conferred by longer lymphangions everywhere was confirmed. However, the anticipated advantage of uniform lymphangions over those of unequal length, compared in chains of equal overall length, was not found. A wide variety of dynamical outcomes was observed, with the most powerful determinant being the adverse pressure difference, rather than the arrangement of long and short lymphangions. This work suggests that the wide variation in lymphangion length which is commonly observed in collecting lymphatic vessels does not confer disadvantage in pumping lymph.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. D. Bertram
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xie H, Yu H, Wu H, Wang J, Wu S, Zhang J, Zhao H, Yuan M, Benitez Mendieta J, Anbananthan H, Winter C, Zhu C, Li Z. Quantifying irregular pulsation of intracranial aneurysms using 4D-CTA. J Biomech 2024; 174:112269. [PMID: 39128410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that irregular pulsation of intracranial aneurysm during the cardiac cycle may be potentially associated with aneurysm rupture risk. However, there is a lack of quantification method for irregular pulsations. This study aims to quantify irregular pulsations by the displacement and strain distribution of the intracranial aneurysm surface during the cardiac cycle using four-dimensional CT angiographic image data. Four-dimensional CT angiography was performed in 8 patients. The image data of a cardiac cycle was divided into approximately 20 phases, and irregular pulsations were detected in four intracranial aneurysms by visual observation, and then the displacement and strain of the intracranial aneurysm was quantified using coherent point drift and finite element method. The displacement and strain were compared between aneurysms with irregular and normal pulsations in two different ways (total and stepwise). The stepwise first principal strain was significantly higher in aneurysms with irregular than normal pulsations (0.20±0.01 vs 0.16±0.02, p=0.033). It was found that the irregular pulsations in intracranial aneurysms usually occur during the consecutive ascending or descending phase of volume changes during the cardiac cycle. In addition, no statistically significant difference was found in the aneurysm volume changes over the cardiac cycle between the two groups. Our method can successfully quantify the displacement and strain changes in the intracranial aneurysm during the cardiac cycle, which may be proven to be a useful tool to quantify intracranial aneurysm deformability and aid in aneurysm rupture risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hujin Xie
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Han Yu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiaqiu Wang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Shanglin Wu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Jianjian Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huilin Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mingyang Yuan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Jessica Benitez Mendieta
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Haveena Anbananthan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Craig Winter
- The Kenneth G Jamieson Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yousef M, Bou-Chacra N, Löbenberg R, Davies NM. Understanding lymphatic drug delivery through chylomicron blockade: A retrospective and prospective analysis. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2024; 129:107548. [PMID: 39098619 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2024.107548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Scientists have developed and employed various models to investigate intestinal lymphatic uptake. One approach involves using specific blocking agents to influence the chylomicron-mediated lymphatic absorption of drugs. Currently utilized models include pluronic L-81, puromycin, vinca alkaloids, colchicine, and cycloheximide. This review offers a thorough analysis of the diverse models utilized, evaluating existing reports while delineating the gaps in current research. It also explores pharmacokinetic related aspects of intestinal lymphatic uptake pathway and its blockage through the discussed models. Pluronic L-81 has a reversible effect, minimal toxicity, and unique mode of action. Yet, it lacks clinical reports on chylomicron pathway blockage, likely due to low concentrations used. Puromycin and vinca alkaloids, though documented for toxicity, lack information on their application in drug intestinal lymphatic uptake. Other vinca alkaloids show promise in affecting triglyceride profiles and represent possible agents to test as blockers. Colchicine and cycloheximide, widely used in pharmaceutical development, have demonstrated efficacy, with cycloheximide preferred for lower toxicity. However, further investigation into effective and toxic doses of colchicine in humans is needed to understand its clinical impact. The review additionally followed the complete journey of oral lymphatic targeting drugs from intake to excretion, provided a pharmacokinetic equation considering the intestinal lymphatic pathway for assessing bioavailability. Moreover, the possible application of urinary data as a non-invasive way to measure the uptake of drugs through intestinal lymphatics was illustrated, and the likelihood of drug interactions when specific blockers are employed in human subjects was underscored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malaz Yousef
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Nadia Bou-Chacra
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Raimar Löbenberg
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada.
| | - Neal M Davies
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang S, Chen J, Liu X, Xing C, Zhao L, Chan K, Lu G. Evaluation of the Pharmaceutical Activities of Chuanxiong, a Key Medicinal Material in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1157. [PMID: 39338320 PMCID: PMC11434844 DOI: 10.3390/ph17091157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Szechwan lovage rhizome (SLR, the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Chuanxiong in Chinese transliteration) is one Chinese materia medica (CMM) commonly used to activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis. SLR is applicable to most blood stasis syndromes. It has significant clinical efficacy in relation to human diseases of the cardiocerebrovascular system, nervous system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, etc. Apart from China, SLR is also used in Singapore, Malaysia, the European Union, and the United States of America. However, the current chemical markers in pharmacopeia or monography for the quality assessment of SLR are not well characterized or specifically characterized, nor do they fully reflect the medicinal efficacy of SLR, resulting in the quality of SLR not being effectively controlled. CMM can only have medicinal efficacy when they are applied in vivo to an organism. The intensity of their pharmaceutical activities can more directly represent the quality of CMM. Therefore, the chemical constituents and pharmacological actions of SLR are reviewed in this paper. In order to demonstrate the medicinal efficacy of SLR in promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, bioassay methods are put forward to evaluate the pharmaceutical activities of SLR to improve hemorheology, hemodynamics, and vascular microcirculation, as well as its anti-platelet aggregation and anticoagulation properties. Through comprehensive analyses of these pharmaceutical properties, the quality and therapeutic value of SLR are ascertained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (C.X.)
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicines as Drug & Food, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (C.X.)
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicines as Drug & Food, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (C.X.)
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicines as Drug & Food, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunxin Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (C.X.)
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicines as Drug & Food, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu 611731, China;
| | - Kelvin Chan
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 1797, Australia
| | - Guanghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (C.X.)
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicines as Drug & Food, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ashenafi Y, Kramer PR. Statistical Mobility of Multicellular Colonies of Flagellated Swimming Cells. Bull Math Biol 2024; 86:125. [PMID: 39214887 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-024-01351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
We study the stochastic hydrodynamics of colonies of flagellated swimming cells, typified by multicellular choanoflagellates, which can form both rosette and chainlike shapes. The objective is to link cell-scale dynamics to colony-scale dynamics for various colonial morphologies. Via autoregressive stochastic models for the cycle-averaged flagellar force dynamics and statistical models for demographic cell-to-cell variability in flagellar properties and placement, we derive effective transport properties of the colonies, including cell-to-cell variability. We provide the most quantitative detail on disclike geometries to model rosettes, but also present formulas for the dynamics of general planar colony morphologies, which includes planar chain-like configurations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Ashenafi
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Peter R Kramer
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen S, Wu Y, Zhou Z, Sun J, Zhan Q. Protein-Losing Enteropathy Combined with Multiple Gastrointestinal Venous Ectasia. Dig Dis Sci 2024:10.1007/s10620-024-08605-4. [PMID: 39210213 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Yihao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Ziru Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Qiang Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fu Y, Lan Z, Li N, Xing L, Yuan L, Lai J, Feng H, Cong L, Wang Y, He S, Liang Q. The paravertebral lymphatic system is involved in the resorption of the herniated nucleus pulposus and the regression of inflammation associated with disc herniation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024:S1063-4584(24)01361-X. [PMID: 39209246 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of the paravertebral lymphatic system in the nucleus pulposus herniation (NPH) resorption and the inflammation regression. DESIGN Clinical specimens (n = 10) from patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) were collected, C57BL/6 (n = 84) and conditional Vegfr3 knockout mice (n = 14) were used. Immunofluorescence staining detected lymphatic vessels (LVs) and NP cells. Near-infrared imaging assessed lymphatic drainage function, and Alcian Blue/Orange determined inflammation. RESULTS Lymphangiogenesis was observed in the herniated NP of patients with LDH, and the proportion of capillary LVs was higher than that of collecting LVs (mean 68.2% [95% confidence interval: 59.4, 77.1]). In NPH mice, NP cells were detected in paravertebral tissue (38.6 [32.0, 45.2]) and draining lymph nodes (dLN) at 4 h (76.9 [54.9, 98.8]). A significant increase of NP cells in dLNs was observed at 24 h (157.1 [113.7, 200.6]). Most of the herniated NP cells were cleared in paravertebral tissue after 1 week (7.5 [4.4, 10.6]), but disc inflammation peaked at 1 week (19.9% [14.7, 25.1]), along with persistent lymphangiogenesis (9.5 [7.2, 11.8]). However, conditional Vegfr3 knockout mice exhibited impaired lymphangiogenesis (5.7 [4.4, 7.0]) and herniated NP cell clearance (6.1 [1.8, 10.5]) during NPH, leading to exacerbated disc inflammation (23.7% [19.3, 28.2]). CONCLUSION The paravertebral lymphatic system is involved in the NPH resorption and inflammation regression. Promoting lymphangiogenesis may be a novel strategy for facilitating NPH resorption and inflammation regression in patients with LDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfei Fu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiming Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shanghai, China
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Luying Yuan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shanghai, China
| | - Juyi Lai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hualong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shanghai, China.
| | - Shenghua He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Y, Li X, Meng H, Tao R, Qian J, Fu C, Luo J, Xie J, Fu Y. Acoustofluidic Diversity Achieved by Multiple Modes of Acoustic Waves Generated on Piezoelectric-Film-Coated Aluminum Sheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:45119-45130. [PMID: 39143893 PMCID: PMC11367575 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Excitation of multiple acoustic wave modes on a single chip is beneficial to implement diversified acoustofluidic functions. Conventional acoustic wave devices made of bulk LiNbO3 substrates generally generate few acoustic wave modes once the crystal-cut and electrode pattern are defined, limiting the realization of acoustofluidic diversity. In this paper, we demonstrated diversity of acoustofluidic behaviors using multiple modes of acoustic waves generated on piezoelectric-thin-film-coated aluminum sheets. Multiple acoustic wave modes were excited by varying the ratios between IDT pitch/wavelength and substrate thickness. Through systematic investigation of fluidic actuation behaviors and performances using these acoustic wave modes, we demonstrated fluidic actuation diversities using various acoustic wave modes and showed that the Rayleigh mode, pseudo-Rayleigh mode, and A0 mode of Lamb wave generally have better fluidic actuation performance than those of Sezawa mode and higher-order modes of Lamb wave, providing guidance for high-performance acoustofluidic actuation platform design. Additionally, we demonstrated diversified particle patterning functions, either on two sides of acoustic wave device or on a glass sheet by coupling acoustic waves into the glass using the gel. The pattern formation mechanisms were investigated through finite element simulations of acoustic pressure fields under different experimental configurations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou City
University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- The
State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Faculty
of Engineering and Environment, University
of Northumbria, Newcastle upon
Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Xianbin Li
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument,
School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou City
University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Faculty
of Engineering and Environment, University
of Northumbria, Newcastle upon
Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, College of
Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jingui Qian
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument,
School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chen Fu
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, College of
Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jingting Luo
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, College of
Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jin Xie
- The
State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongqing Fu
- Faculty
of Engineering and Environment, University
of Northumbria, Newcastle upon
Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gu J, Mou Y, Ma J, Chen H, Zhang C, Wang Y, Wang J, Guo H, Shi W, Yuan X, Jiang X, Ta D, Shen J, Zhang C. Acousto-Drag Photovoltaic Effect by Piezoelectric Integration of Two-Dimensional Semiconductors. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:10322-10330. [PMID: 39133825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Light-to-electricity conversion is crucial for energy harvesting and photodetection, requiring efficient electron-hole pair separation to prevent recombination. Traditional junction-based mechanisms using built-in electric fields fail in nonbarrier regions. Homogeneous material harvesting under a photovoltaic effect is appealing but is only realized in noncentrosymmetric systems via a bulk photovoltaic effect. Here we report the realization of a photovoltaic effect by employing surface acoustic waves (SAWs) to generate zero-bias photocurrent in the conventional layered semiconductor MoSe2. SAWs induce periodic modulation to electronic bands and drag the photoexcited pairs toward the traveling direction. The photocurrent is extracted from a local barrier. The separation of generation and extraction processes suppresses recombination and yields a large nonlocal photoresponse. We distinguish the acousto-electric drag and electron-hole pair separation effect by fabricating devices of different configurations. The acousto-drag photovoltaic effect, enabled by piezoelectric integration, offers an efficient light-to-electricity conversion method, independent of semiconductor crystal symmetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Haonan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanxin Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200232, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Dean Ta
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200232, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xia J, Wang Z, Becker R, Li F, Wei F, Yang S, Rich J, Li K, Rufo J, Qian J, Yang K, Chen C, Gu Y, Zhong R, Lee PJ, Wong DTW, Lee LP, Huang TJ. Acoustofluidic Virus Isolation via Bessel Beam Excitation Separation Technology. ACS NANO 2024; 18:22596-22607. [PMID: 39132820 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The isolation of viruses from complex biological samples is essential for creating sensitive bioassays that assess the efficacy and safety of viral therapeutics and vaccines, which have played a critical role during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, existing methods of viral isolation are time-consuming and labor-intensive due to the multiple processing steps required, resulting in low yields. Here, we introduce the rapid, efficient, and high-resolution acoustofluidic isolation of viruses from complex biological samples via Bessel beam excitation separation technology (BEST). BEST isolates viruses by utilizing the nondiffractive and self-healing properties of 2D, in-plane acoustic Bessel beams to continuously separate cell-free viruses from biofluids, with high throughput and high viral RNA yield. By tuning the acoustic parameters, the cutoff size of isolated viruses can be easily adjusted to perform dynamic, size-selective virus isolation while simultaneously trapping larger particles and separating smaller particles and contaminants from the sample, achieving high-precision isolation of the target virus. BEST was used to isolate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from human saliva samples and Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus from cell culture media, demonstrating its potential use in both practical diagnostic applications and fundamental virology research. With high separation resolution, high yield, and high purity, BEST is a powerful tool for rapidly and efficiently isolating viruses. It has the potential to play an important role in the development of next-generation viral diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Xia
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Zeyu Wang
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ryan Becker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Feng Li
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Fang Wei
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shujie Yang
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Joseph Rich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ke Li
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Joseph Rufo
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jiao Qian
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Kaichun Yang
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Chuyi Chen
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yuyang Gu
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ruoyu Zhong
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Patty J Lee
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - David T W Wong
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Luke P Lee
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- The Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li C, Zhong X, Rahimi E, Ardekani AM. A multi-scale numerical study of monoclonal antibodies uptake by initial lymphatics after subcutaneous injection. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124419. [PMID: 38972522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This paper studies the transport of monoclonal antibodies through skin tissue and initial lymphatics, which impacts the pharmacokinetics of monoclonal antibodies. Our model integrates a macroscale representation of the entire skin tissue with a mesoscale model that focuses on the papillary dermis layer. Our results indicate that it takes hours for the drugs to disperse from the injection site to the papillary dermis before entering the initial lymphatics. Additionally, we observe an inhomogeneous drug distribution in the interstitial space of the papillary dermis, with higher drug concentrations near initial lymphatics and lower concentrations near blood capillaries. To validate our model, we compare our numerical simulation results with experimental data, finding a good alignment. Our parametric studies on the drug molecule properties and injection parameters suggest that a higher diffusion coefficient increases the transport and uptake rate while binding slows down these processes. Furthermore, shallower injection depths lead to faster lymphatic uptake, whereas the size of the injection plume has a minor effect on the uptake rate. These findings advance our understanding of drug transport and lymphatic absorption after subcutaneous injection, offering valuable insights for optimizing drug delivery strategies and the design of biotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenji Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States
| | - Xiaoxu Zhong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States
| | - Ehsan Rahimi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States
| | - Arezoo M Ardekani
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Du T, Raghunandan A, Mestre H, Plá V, Liu G, Ladrón-de-Guevara A, Newbold E, Tobin P, Gahn-Martinez D, Pattanayak S, Huang Q, Peng W, Nedergaard M, Kelley DH. Restoration of cervical lymphatic vessel function in aging rescues cerebrospinal fluid drainage. NATURE AGING 2024:10.1038/s43587-024-00691-3. [PMID: 39147980 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Cervical lymphatic vessels (cLVs) have been shown to drain solutes and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain. However, their hydrodynamical properties have never been evaluated in vivo. Here, we developed two-photon optical imaging with particle tracking in vivo of CSF tracers (2P-OPTIC) in superficial and deep cLVs of mice, characterizing their flow and showing that the major driver is intrinsic pumping by contraction of the lymphatic vessel wall. Moreover, contraction frequency and flow velocity were reduced in aged mice, which coincided with a reduction in smooth muscle actin expression. Slowed flow in aged mice was rescued using topical application of prostaglandin F2α, a prostanoid that increases smooth muscle contractility, which restored lymphatic function in aged mice and enhanced central nervous system clearance. We show that cLVs are important regulators of CSF drainage and that restoring their function is an effective therapy for improving clearance in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Du
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Raghunandan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA
| | - Humberto Mestre
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia Plá
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guojun Liu
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Antonio Ladrón-de-Guevara
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Evan Newbold
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Paul Tobin
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Gahn-Martinez
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Saurav Pattanayak
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Qinwen Huang
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Weiguo Peng
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Douglas H Kelley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bond JE, Yeh AJ, Edison JR, Bevan MA. Diffusion, density, and defects on spheres. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:6371-6383. [PMID: 39081122 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00746h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
We simulate and model diffusion of spherical colloids of radius, a, on spherical surfaces of radius, R, as a function of relative size and surface concentration. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we quantify diffusion and microstructure at different concentrations ranging from single particles to dense crystalline states. Self-diffusion and structural metrics (pair distribution, local density, and topological charge) are indistinguishable between spheres and planes for all concentrations up to dense liquid states. For concentrations approaching and greater than the freezing transition, smaller spheres with higher curvature show increased diffusivities and nonuniform density/topological defect distributions, which differ qualitatively from planar surfaces. The total topological charge varies quadratically with sphere radius for dense liquid states and linearly with sphere radius for dense crystals with icosahedrally organized grain scars. Between the dense liquid and dense crystal states on spherical surfaces is a regime of fluctuating and interacting defect clusters. We show local density governs self-diffusion in dense liquids on flat and spherical surfaces via the pair distribution. In contrast, dynamic topological defects couple to finite diffusivities through freezing and in low density crystal states on spherical surfaces, where neither exist on flat surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John E Bond
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engr., Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Alex J Yeh
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engr., Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - John R Edison
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engr., Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Michael A Bevan
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engr., Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kaneda G, Huang D, Pham N, Gonzalez AR, Tawackoli W, Lee S, Suzuki M, Nelson TJ, Glaeser JD, Millecamps M, Stone LS, Sheyn D, Metzger MF. Exercise improves load bearing bone structural properties in female secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) null mice but not in males. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 39105654 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is the most abundant glycoprotein in bone and is thought to play a critical role in bone remodeling and homeostasis. However, the effect of SPARC in relation to gender and exercise on bone quality is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to quantify differences in the structural and biomechanical properties between calvarial and femoral bone from male and female wild-type (WT) and SPARC null (SPARC(-/-)) mice as well as the ability of exercise to rescue bone health. Male and female WT and transgenic SPARC(-/-) mice were given either a fixed or rotating running wheel for exercise. Bone structural, biomechanical, and morphological parameters were quantified using micro computed tomography, push out testing for the calvaria, three-point flexural testing for the femurs, histological and immunofluorescent staining. Similar reductions in structural and biomechanical strength were observed in both male and female SPARC(-/-) calvaria, most of which were not significantly affected by exercise. In femurs, SPARC(-/-) had a significant effect on structural parameters in both sexes, but was more pronounced in females with some properties being rescued with running. Interestingly, the effect of SPARC(-/-) on bone mineral density was only detected in female SPARC(-/-) mice, not males, and was subsequently rescued with exercise. This study emphasizes the differences between sexes in WT and SPARC(-/-) mice in regard to structural parameters and biomechanical properties. Research into gender differences can help inform and personalize treatment options to more accurately meet patient needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Kaneda
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, California, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dave Huang
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nathalie Pham
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alfonso R Gonzalez
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, California, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wafa Tawackoli
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, California, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Surgery, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Seunghwan Lee
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Miyako Suzuki
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Trevor J Nelson
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Juliane D Glaeser
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, California, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Magali Millecamps
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laura S Stone
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, California, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Surgery, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Melodie F Metzger
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, CSMC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zimmermann EA, DeVet T, Cilla M, Albiol L, Kavaseri K, Andrea C, Julien C, Tiedemann K, Panahifar A, Alidokht SA, Chromik R, Komarova SV, Reinhardt DP, Zaslansky P, Willie BM. Tissue material properties, whole-bone morphology and mechanical behavior in the Fbn1 C1041G/+ mouse model of Marfan syndrome. Matrix Biol Plus 2024; 23:100155. [PMID: 39049903 PMCID: PMC11267061 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2024.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by pathogenic mutations in FBN1. In bone, the protein fibrillin-1 is found in the extracellular matrix where it provides structural support of elastic fiber formation, stability for basement membrane, and regulates the bioavailability of growth factors. Individuals with MFS exhibit a range of skeletal complications including low bone mineral density and long bone overgrowth. However, it remains unknown if the bone phenotype is caused by alteration of fibrillin-1's structural function or distortion of its interactions with bone cells. To assess the structural effects of the fibrillin-1 mutation, we characterized bone curvature, microarchitecture, composition, porosity, and mechanical behavior in the Fbn1 C1041G/+ mouse model of MFS. Tibiae of 10, 26, and 52-week-old female Fbn1 C1041G/+ and littermate control (LC) mice were analyzed. Mechanical behavior was assessed via in vivo strain gauging, finite element analysis, ex vivo three-point bending, and nanoindentation. Tibial bone morphology and curvature were assessed with micro computed tomography (μCT). Bone composition was measured with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging. Vascular and osteocyte lacunar porosity were assessed by synchrotron computed tomography. Fbn1 C1041G/+ mice exhibited long bone overgrowth and osteopenia consistent with the MFS phenotype. Trabecular thickness was lower in Fbn1 C1041G/+ mice but cortical bone microarchitecture was similar in Fbn1 C1041G/+ and LC mice. Whole bone curvature was straighter below the tibio-fibular junction in the medial-lateral direction and more curved above in LC compared to Fbn1 C1041G/+ mice. The bone matrix crystallinity was 4 % lower in Fbn1 C1041G/+ mice compared to LC, implying that mineral platelets in LCs have greater crystal size and perfection than Fbn1 C1041G/+ mice. Structural and mechanical properties were similar between genotypes. Cortical diaphyseal lacunar porosity was lower in Fbn1 C1041G/+ mice compared to LC; this was a result of the average volume of an individual osteocyte lacunae being smaller. These data provide valuable insights into the bone phenotype and its contribution to fracture risk in this commonly used mouse model of MFS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Zimmermann
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Taylor DeVet
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - Myriam Cilla
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laia Albiol
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kyle Kavaseri
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christine Andrea
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - Catherine Julien
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kerstin Tiedemann
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Arash Panahifar
- BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Sima A. Alidokht
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Canada
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Richard Chromik
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Svetlana V. Komarova
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Dieter P. Reinhardt
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Paul Zaslansky
- Department for Operative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, CC3 -Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina M. Willie
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Karnam Y, Mut F, Yu AK, Cheng B, Amin-Hanjani S, Charbel FT, Woo HH, Niemelä M, Tulamo R, Jahromi BR, Frösen J, Tobe Y, Robertson AM, Cebral JR. Description of the local hemodynamic environment in intracranial aneurysm wall subdivisions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2024; 40:e3844. [PMID: 38952068 PMCID: PMC11315625 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) pose severe health risks influenced by hemodynamics. This study focuses on the intricate characterization of hemodynamic conditions within the IA walls and their influence on bleb development, aiming to enhance understanding of aneurysm stability and the risk of rupture. The methods emphasized utilizing a comprehensive dataset of 359 IAs and 213 IA blebs from 268 patients to reconstruct patient-specific vascular models, analyzing blood flow using finite element methods to solve the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations, the segmentation of aneurysm wall subregions and the hemodynamic metrics wall shear stress (WSS), its metrics, and the critical points in WSS fields were computed and analyzed across different aneurysm subregions defined by saccular, streamwise, and topographical divisions. The results revealed significant variations in these metrics, correlating distinct hemodynamic environments with wall features on the aneurysm walls, such as bleb formation. Critical findings indicated that regions with low WSS and high OSI, particularly in the body and central regions of aneurysms, are prone to conditions that promote bleb formation. Conversely, areas exposed to high WSS and positive divergence, like the aneurysm neck, inflow, and outflow regions, exhibited a different but substantial risk profile for bleb development, influenced by flow impingements and convergences. These insights highlight the complexity of aneurysm behavior, suggesting that both high and low-shear environments can contribute to aneurysm pathology through distinct mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Karnam
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Fernando Mut
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Alexander K Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Boyle Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sepideh Amin-Hanjani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fady T Charbel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Henry H Woo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Neurosurgery Research Group, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Tulamo
- Neurosurgery Research Group, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Juhana Frösen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Hemorrhagic Brain Pathology Research Group, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yasutaka Tobe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne M Robertson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan R Cebral
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sandovici I, Knee O, Lopez-Tello J, Shreeve N, Fowden AL, Sferruzzi-Perri AN, Constância M. A genetically small fetus impairs placental adaptations near term. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050719. [PMID: 39207227 PMCID: PMC11381921 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a gatekeeper between the mother and fetus, adapting its structure and functions to support optimal fetal growth. Studies exploring adaptations of placentae that support the development of genetically small fetuses are lacking. Here, using a mouse model of impaired fetal growth, achieved by deleting insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) in the epiblast, we assessed placental nutrient transfer and umbilical artery (UA) blood flow during late gestation. At embryonic day (E) 15.5, we observed a decline in the trans-placental flux of glucose and system A amino acids (by using 3H-MeG and 14C-MeAIB), proportionate to the diminished fetal size, whereas UA blood flow was normal. However, at E18.5, the trans-placental flux of both tracers was disproportionately decreased and accompanied by blunted UA blood flow. Feto-placental growth and nutrient transfer were more impaired in female conceptuses. Thus, reducing the fetal genetic demand for growth impairs the adaptations in placental blood flow and nutrient transport that normally support the fast fetal growth during late gestation. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the pathophysiology of pregnancies afflicted by fetal growth restriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Sandovici
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Olatejumoye Knee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Jorge Lopez-Tello
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Norman Shreeve
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Abigail L Fowden
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Miguel Constância
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Coccarelli A, Van Loon R, Chien A. A Computational Pipeline to Investigate Longitudinal Blood Flow Changes in the Circle of Willis of Patients with Stable and Growing Aneurysms. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:2000-2012. [PMID: 38616236 PMCID: PMC11247057 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Changes in cerebral blood flow are often associated with the initiation and development of different life-threatening medical conditions including aneurysm rupture and ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, it is not fully clear how haemodynamic changes in time across the Circle of Willis (CoW) are related with intracranial aneurysm (IA) growth. In this work, we introduced a novel reduced-order modelling strategy for the systematic quantification of longitudinal blood flow changes across the whole CoW in patients with stable and unstable/growing aneurysm. Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) images were converted into one-dimensional (1-D) vessel networks through a semi-automated procedure, with a level of geometric reconstruction accuracy controlled by user-dependent parameters. The proposed pipeline was used to systematically analyse longitudinal haemodynamic changes in seven different clinical cases. Our preliminary simulation results indicate that growing aneurysms are not necessarily associated with significant changes in mean flow over time. A concise sensitivity analysis also shed light on which modelling aspects need to be further characterized to have reliable patient-specific predictions. This study poses the basis for investigating how time-dependent changes in the vasculature affect the haemodynamics across the whole CoW in patients with stable and growing aneurysms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Coccarelli
- Zienkiewicz Institute for Modelling, Data and AI, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
| | - Raoul Van Loon
- Zienkiewicz Institute for Modelling, Data and AI, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Biomedical Engineering Simulation and Testing Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Aichi Chien
- Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen KW, Chen YR, Yang LY, Cheng YW, Chou SC, Chen YH, Chen YT, Hsieh ST, Kuo MF, Wang KC. Microcirculatory Impairment and Cerebral Injury in Hydrocephalus and the Effects of Cerebrospinal Fluid Diversion. Neurosurgery 2024; 95:469-479. [PMID: 38511941 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hydrocephalus is characterized by progressive enlargement of cerebral ventricles, resulting in impaired microvasculature and cerebral hypoperfusion. This study aimed to demonstrate the microvascular changes in hydrocephalic rats and the effects of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) release on cerebral blood flow (CBF). METHODS On postnatal day 21 (P21), male Wistar rats were intracisternally injected with either a kaolin suspension or saline. On P47, Evan's ratio (ER) was measured using MRI. On P49, the arteriolar diameter and vascular density of the pia were quantified using a capillary video microscope. The CBF was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. The expressions of NeuN and glial fibrillary acidic protein determined by immunochemical staining were correlated with the ER. The CBF and rotarod test performance were recorded before and after CSF release. The expressions of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and c-caspase-3 were studied on P56. RESULTS Ventriculomegaly was induced to varying degrees, resulting in the stretching and abnormal narrowing of pial arterioles, which regressed with increasing ER. Quantitative analysis revealed significant decreases in the arteriolar diameter and vascular density in the hydrocephalic group compared with those in the control group. In addition, the CBF in the hydrocephalic group decreased to 30%-50% of that in the control group. In hydrocephalus, the neurons appear distorted, and the expression of 4-HNE and reactive astrogliosis increase in the cortex. After CSF was released, improvements in the CBF and rotarod test performance were inversely associated with the ER. In addition, the levels of 4-HNE and c-caspase-3 were further elevated. CONCLUSION Rapid ventricular dilatation is associated with severe microvascular distortion, vascular regression, cortical hypoperfusion, and cellular changes that impair the recovery of CBF and motor function after CSF release. Moreover, CSF release may induce reperfusion injury. This pathophysiology should be taken into account when treating hydrocephalus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Wei Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
- Master Degree of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yong-Ren Chen
- Non-invasive Cancer Therapy Research Institute, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Yang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Cheng
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Che Chou
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
- Department of Traumatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsing Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tsang Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei , Taiwan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Meng-Fai Kuo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Wang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bertram CD, Macaskill C. Fluid-Dynamic Modeling of Flow in Embryonic Tissue Indicates That Lymphatic Valve Location Is Not Consistently Determined by the Local Fluid Shear or Its Gradient. Microcirculation 2024; 31:e12873. [PMID: 38953384 PMCID: PMC11303113 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intravascular lymphatic valves often occur in proximity to vessel junctions. It is commonly held that disturbed flow at junctions is responsible for accumulation of valve-forming cells (VFCs) at these locations as the initial step in valve creation, and the one which explains the association with these sites. However, evidence in favor is largely limited to cell culture experiments. METHODS We acquired images of embryonic lymphatic vascular networks from day E16.5, when VFC accumulation has started but the developing valve has not yet altered the local vessel geometry, stained for Prox1, which co-localizes with Foxc2. Using finite-element computational fluid mechanics, we simulated the flow through the networks, under conditions appropriate to this early development stage. Then we correlated the Prox1 distributions with the distributions of simulated fluid shear and shear stress gradient. RESULTS Across a total of 16 image sets, no consistent correlation was found between Prox1 distribution and the local magnitude of fluid shear, or its positive or negative gradient. CONCLUSIONS This, the first direct semi-empirical test of the localization hypothesis to interrogate the tissue from in vivo at the critical moment of development, does not support the idea that a feature of the local flow determines valve localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Bertram
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charlie Macaskill
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang Q, Huang W, Liu X, Sami R, Fan X, Dong Q, Luo J, Tao R, Fu C. Simple, and highly efficient edge-effect surface acoustic wave atomizer. ULTRASONICS 2024; 142:107359. [PMID: 38823151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Conventional surface acoustic wave (SAW) atomizers require a direct water supply on the surface, which can be complex and cumbersome. This paper presents a novel SAW atomizer that uses lateral acoustic wetting to achieve atomization without a direct water supply. The device works by simply pressing a piece of wetted paper strip against the bottom of an excited piezoelectric transducer. The liquid then flows along the side to the unmodified surface edge, where it is atomized into a well-converging mist in a stable and sustainable manner. We identified this phenomenon as the edge effect, using numerical simulation results of surface displacement mode. The feasibility of the prototype design was demonstrated by observing and investigating the integrated process of liquid extraction, transport, and atomization. We further explored the hydrodynamic principles of the change and breakup in liquid film geometry under different input powers. Experiments demonstrate that our atomizer is capable of generating high-quality fine liquid particles stably and rapidly even at very high input power. Compared to conventional SAW atomizer, the dispersion of mist width can be scaled down by 70%, while the atomization rate can be increased by 37.5%. Combined with the advantages of easy installation and robustness, the edge effect-based atomizer offers an attractive alternative to current counterparts for applications requiring high efficiency and miniaturization, such as simultaneous synthesis and encapsulation of nanoparticles, pulmonary drug delivery and portable inhalation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qutong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wenyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ramadan Sami
- Imperial College London, Department of Materials, London, UK
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jingting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chen Fu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Karnam Y, Mut F, Yu AK, Cheng B, Amin-Hanjani S, Charbel FT, Woo HH, Niemelä M, Tulamo R, Jahromi BR, Frösen J, Tobe Y, Robertson AM, Cebral JR. Distribution of rupture sites and blebs on intracranial aneurysm walls suggests distinct rupture patterns in ACom and MCA aneurysms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2024; 40:e3837. [PMID: 38839043 PMCID: PMC11315635 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms behind intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture are not fully understood, with factors such as location, patient demographics, and hemodynamics playing a role. Additionally, the significance of anatomical features like blebs in ruptures is debated. This highlights the necessity for comprehensive research that combines patient-specific risk factors with a detailed analysis of local hemodynamic characteristics at bleb and rupture sites. Our study analyzed 359 intracranial aneurysms from 268 patients, reconstructing patient-specific models for hemodynamic simulations based on 3D rotational angiographic images and intraoperative videos. We identified aneurysm subregions and delineated rupture sites, characterizing blebs and their regional overlap, employing statistical comparisons across demographics, and other risk factors. This work identifies patterns in aneurysm rupture sites, predominantly at the dome, with variations across patient demographics. Hypertensive and anterior communicating artery (ACom) aneurysms showed specific rupture patterns and bleb associations, indicating two pathways: high-flow in ACom with thin blebs at impingement sites and low-flow, oscillatory conditions in middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms fostering thick blebs. Bleb characteristics varied with gender, age, and smoking, linking rupture risks to hemodynamic factors and patient profiles. These insights enhance understanding of the hemodynamic mechanisms leading to rupture events. This analysis elucidates the role of localized hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysm rupture, challenging the emphasis on location by revealing how flow variations influence stability and risk. We identify two pathways to wall failure-high-flow and low-flow conditions-highlighting the complexity of aneurysm behavior. Additionally, this research advances our knowledge of how inherent patient-specific characteristics impact these processes, which need further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Karnam
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Fernando Mut
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Alexander K Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Boyle Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sepideh Amin-Hanjani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fady T Charbel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Henry H Woo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Neurosurgery Research Group, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Tulamo
- Neurosurgery Research Group, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Juhana Frösen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Hemorrhagic Brain Pathology Research Group, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yasutaka Tobe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne M Robertson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan R Cebral
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lu Z, Zhu S, Wu Y, Xu X, Li S, Huang Q. Circ_0008571 modulates the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting miR-145-5p in intracranial aneurysms. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167278. [PMID: 38834101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dysfunction of human vascular smooth cells (hVSMCs) is significantly connected to the development of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). By suppressing the activity of microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in IA pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the role of hsa_circ_0008571 in IAs remains unclear. METHODS circRNA sequencing was used to identify circRNAs from human IA tissues. To determine the function of circ_0008571, Transwell, wound healing, and cell proliferation assays were conducted. To identify the target of circ_0008571, the analyses of CircInteractome and TargetScan, as well as the luciferase assay were carried out. Furthermore, circ_0008571 knockdown and over-expression were performed to investigate its functions in IA development and the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Both hsa_circ_0008571 and Integrin beta 8 (ITGB8) were downregulated, while miR-145-5p transcription was elevated in the aneurysm wall of IAs patients compared to superficial temporal artery tissues. In vitro, cell migration and growth were dramatically suppressed after hsa_circ_0008571 overexpression. Mechanistically, has_circ_0008571 could suppress miR-145-5p activity by direct sponging. Moreover, we found that ITGB8 expression and the activation of the TGF-β-mediated signaling pathway were significantly enhanced. CONCLUSION The hsa_circ_0008571-miR-145-5p-ITGB8 axis plays an essential role in IA progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Lu
- Department of Neurovascular Centre, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical Center, The PLA Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Shijie Zhu
- Department of Neurovascular Centre, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yina Wu
- Department of Neurovascular Centre, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Neurovascular Centre, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Neurovascular Centre, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qinghai Huang
- Department of Neurovascular Centre, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Musteata FM. Dosing Adjustments in Cases of Altered Plasma Protein Binding are Most Needed for Drugs with a Volume of Distribution Below 1.3 L/kg. Clin Pharmacokinet 2024; 63:1111-1119. [PMID: 39044110 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-024-01403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present literature offers conflicting views on the importance of changes in plasma protein binding in clinical therapeutics. Furthermore, there are no methods to calculate a new dosing regimen when such changes occur. METHODS Previous models developed by Balaz et al. and Greenblat et al. were used to calculate a plasma protein binding (PPB) score for individual drugs based on the volume of distribution for total concentration and the bound fraction of drug. The models were further used to calculate a new drug dosing interval for cases of altered plasma protein binding. The equations apply best for drugs with fast absorption and fast distribution; they can be used as approximations for drugs with slow distribution by using the volume of distribution at steady state and the rate constant of the elimination phase. RESULTS The newly developed equations show that changes in plasma protein binding are relevant only for drugs with a positive PPB score; such drugs must have a volume of distribution for total concentration below 1.3 L/kg and high protein binding. It is further shown that the drug dosing interval should be reduced when the remaining fraction of plasma protein binding is below the PPB score. CONCLUSION A new method to rank drugs according to the impact of changes in plasma protein binding on their pharmacokinetic profile was developed. The new method was applied to show that drugs with high PPB scores need reductions in their dosing interval when the level of protein binding decreases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florin M Musteata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 106 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nahon DM, Moerkens R, Aydogmus H, Lendemeijer B, Martínez-Silgado A, Stein JM, Dostanić M, Frimat JP, Gontan C, de Graaf MNS, Hu M, Kasi DG, Koch LS, Le KTT, Lim S, Middelkamp HHT, Mooiweer J, Motreuil-Ragot P, Niggl E, Pleguezuelos-Manzano C, Puschhof J, Revyn N, Rivera-Arbelaez JM, Slager J, Windt LM, Zakharova M, van Meer BJ, Orlova VV, de Vrij FMS, Withoff S, Mastrangeli M, van der Meer AD, Mummery CL. Standardizing designed and emergent quantitative features in microphysiological systems. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:941-962. [PMID: 39187664 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPSs) are cellular models that replicate aspects of organ and tissue functions in vitro. In contrast with conventional cell cultures, MPSs often provide physiological mechanical cues to cells, include fluid flow and can be interlinked (hence, they are often referred to as microfluidic tissue chips or organs-on-chips). Here, by means of examples of MPSs of the vascular system, intestine, brain and heart, we advocate for the development of standards that allow for comparisons of quantitative physiological features in MPSs and humans. Such standards should ensure that the in vivo relevance and predictive value of MPSs can be properly assessed as fit-for-purpose in specific applications, such as the assessment of drug toxicity, the identification of therapeutics or the understanding of human physiology or disease. Specifically, we distinguish designed features, which can be controlled via the design of the MPS, from emergent features, which describe cellular function, and propose methods for improving MPSs with readouts and sensors for the quantitative monitoring of complex physiology towards enabling wider end-user adoption and regulatory acceptance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M Nahon
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renée Moerkens
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bas Lendemeijer
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriana Martínez-Silgado
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen M Stein
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Cristina Gontan
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michel Hu
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dhanesh G Kasi
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lena S Koch
- University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Kieu T T Le
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sangho Lim
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Joram Mooiweer
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eva Niggl
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jens Puschhof
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nele Revyn
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jelle Slager
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura M Windt
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Sebo Withoff
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Masserdotti A, Gasik M, Grillari-Voglauer R, Grillari J, Cargnoni A, Chiodelli P, Papait A, Magatti M, Romoli J, Ficai S, Di Pietro L, Lattanzi W, Silini AR, Parolini O. Unveiling the human fetal-maternal interface during the first trimester: biophysical knowledge and gaps. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1411582. [PMID: 39144254 PMCID: PMC11322133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1411582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between the developing placenta and fetal-maternal interactions is critical for pregnancy outcomes. Despite advancements, gaps persist in understanding biomechanics, transport processes, and blood circulation parameters, all of which are crucial for safe pregnancies. Moreover, the complexity of fetal-maternal interactions led to conflicting data and methodological variations. This review presents a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on fetal-maternal interface structures, with a particular focus on the first trimester. More in detail, the embryological development, structural characteristics, and physiological functions of placental chorionic plate and villi, fetal membranes and umbilical cord are discussed. Furthermore, a description of the main structures and features of maternal and fetal fluid dynamic exchanges is provided. However, ethical constraints and technological limitations pose still challenges to studying early placental development directly, which calls for sophisticated in vitro, microfluidic organotypic models for advancing our understanding. For this, knowledge about key in vivo parameters are necessary for their design. In this scenario, the integration of data from later gestational stages and mathematical/computational simulations have proven to be useful tools. Notwithstanding, further research into cellular and molecular mechanisms at the fetal-maternal interface is essential for enhancing prenatal care and improving maternal and fetal health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Masserdotti
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Austria
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Chiodelli
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Papait
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Magatti
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jacopo Romoli
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ficai
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Di Pietro
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Rupar MJ, Hanson H, Rogers S, Botlick B, Trimmer S, Hickman JJ. Modelling the innate immune system in microphysiological systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3604-3625. [PMID: 38957150 PMCID: PMC11264333 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00812f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This critical review aims to highlight how modeling of the immune response has adapted over time to utilize microphysiological systems. Topics covered here will discuss the integral components of the immune system in various human body systems, and how these interactions are modeled using these systems. Through the use of microphysiological systems, we have not only expanded on foundations of basic immune cell information, but have also gleaned insight on how immune cells work both independently and collaboratively within an entire human body system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rupar
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Hannah Hanson
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Stephanie Rogers
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Brianna Botlick
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Steven Trimmer
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - James J Hickman
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang X, Yue K, Zhang X. Numerical investigation on flow-induced wall shear stress variation of metastatic cancer cells in lymphatics with elastic valves. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39023503 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2381518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Hematogenous metastasis occurs when cancer cells detach from the extracellular matrix in the primary tumor into the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Elucidating the response of metastatic tumor cells in suspension to the flow conditions in lymphatics with valves from a mechanical/fluidic perspective is necessary. A physiologically relevant computational model of a lymphatic vessel with valves was constructed using fully coupled fluid-cell-vessel interactions to investigate the effects of lymphatic vessel contractility, valve properties, and cell size and stiffness on the variations in magnitude and gradient of the flow-induced wall shear stress (WSS) experienced by suspended tumor cells. Results indicated that the maximum WSSmax increased with the increments in cell diameter, vessel contraction amplitude, and valve stiffness. The decrease in vessel contraction period and valve aspect ratio also increased the maximum WSSmax. The influence of the properties of the valve on the WSS was more significant among the factors mentioned above. The maximum WSSmax acting on the cancer cell when the cell reversed the direction of its motion in the valve region increased by 0.5-1.4 times that before the cell entered the valve region. The maximum change in WSS was in the range of 0.004-0.028 Pa/µm depending on the factors studied. They slightly exceeded the values associated with breast cancer cell apoptosis. The results of this study provide biofluid mechanics-based support for mechanobiological research on the metastasis of metastatic cancer cells in suspension within the lymphatics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xilong Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yue
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Shunde, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Shunde, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Futami K, Misaki K, Uno T, Nambu I, Kamide T, Nakada M. Characterization of Maximum Wall Shear Stress Points in Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms Using Four-dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Clin Neuroradiol 2024:10.1007/s00062-024-01436-w. [PMID: 39017672 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-024-01436-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maximum wall shear stress (maxWSS) points of unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs) may cause wall remodeling leading to rupture. We characterized maxWSS points and their inherent intra-aneurysmal flow structures in a sizable cohort of saccular UCAs using four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS After contrast administration, 50 saccular UCAs were subjected to 4D flow MRI using a 1.5 T MRI scanner. Post-processing of obtained data was performed using commercially available software. The maxWSS points and maxWSS values were evaluated. The maxWSS values were statistically compared between aneurysm groups. RESULTS The maxWSS point was located on the aneurysm apex in 9 (18.0%), body in 2 (4.0%), and neck in 39 (78.0%) UCAs. The inherent intra-aneurysmal flow structure of the maxWSS point was an inflow zone in 34 (68.0%) UCAs, an inflow jet in 8 (16.0%), and an impingement zone in 8 (16.0%). The maxWSS point on the neck had significantly higher maxWSS values than those points on the other wall areas (P = 0.008). The maxWSS values of the maxWSS points on the apex and on the impingement zone were not significantly different compared with those of the other maxWSS points. CONCLUSION The maxWSS points existed preferentially on the aneurysmal neck adjacent to the inflow zone with higher maxWSS values. The maxWSS points existed occasionally on the aneurysmal apex adjacent to the impingement zone. 4D flow MRI may be helpful to discriminate saccular UCAs with higher-risk maxWSS points that can cause wall remodeling leading to rupture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Futami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokuriku Central Hospital of Japan Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, 123 Nodera, Oyabe, 932-8503, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Kouichi Misaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takehiro Uno
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Iku Nambu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kamide
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chaker SC, James AJ, King D, Karagoz H. Lymphedema: Current Strategies for Diagnostics and Management. Ann Plast Surg 2024:00000637-990000000-00519. [PMID: 39356288 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000004044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lymphedema (LE) is characterized by the accumulation of lymph in the extremities, impairing functionality and quality of life. Despite its prevalence, accurate diagnoses and management remains complex because of inconsistencies in diagnostic criteria and limited epidemiological studies. This review aims to address this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of LE classifications, diagnostic approaches, and current management strategies. By synthesizing existing knowledge, this study seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of LE for improvement of clinical consistency and education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Chaker
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Andrew J James
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Daniella King
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Huseyin Karagoz
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lee SO, Kim IK. Molecular pathophysiology of secondary lymphedema. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1363811. [PMID: 39045461 PMCID: PMC11264244 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1363811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphedema occurs as a result of lymphatic vessel damage or obstruction, leading to the lymphatic fluid stasis, which triggers inflammation, tissue fibrosis, and adipose tissue deposition with adipocyte hypertrophy. The treatment of lymphedema is divided into conservative and surgical approaches. Among surgical treatments, methods like lymphaticovenular anastomosis and vascularized lymph node transfer are gaining attention as they focus on restoring lymphatic flow, constituting a physiologic treatment approach. Lymphatic endothelial cells form the structure of lymphatic vessels. These cells possess button-like junctions that facilitate the influx of fluid and leukocytes. Approximately 10% of interstitial fluid is connected to venous return through lymphatic capillaries. Damage to lymphatic vessels leads to lymphatic fluid stasis, resulting in the clinical condition of lymphedema through three mechanisms: Inflammation involving CD4+ T cells as the principal contributing factor, along with the effects of immune cells on the VEGF-C/VEGFR axis, consequently resulting in abnormal lymphangiogenesis; adipocyte hypertrophy and adipose tissue deposition regulated by the interaction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; and tissue fibrosis initiated by the overactivity of Th2 cells, leading to the secretion of profibrotic cytokines such as IL-4, IL-13, and the growth factor TGF-β1. Surgical treatments aimed at reconstructing the lymphatic system help facilitate lymphatic fluid drainage, but their effectiveness in treating already damaged lymphatic vessels is limited. Therefore, reviewing the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of lymphedema is crucial to complement surgical treatments and explore novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|