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Soulat J, Picard B, Monteils V. Influence of cattle category and slaughter age on Charolais-breed carcase and meat traits. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2023; 22:263-275. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2023.2182720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Soulat
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Brigitte Picard
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Valérie Monteils
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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2
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Rune KT, Keech JJ. Is it time to stock up? Understanding panic buying during the COVID-19 pandemic. Australian Journal of Psychology 2023; 75. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2180299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina T. Rune
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Jacob J. Keech
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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Zhelyazkova M, Yordanova R, Mihaylov I, Tsonev S, Vassilev D. In silico discovering relationship between bacteriophages and antimicrobial resistance. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2023; 37:14-23. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2151378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Zhelyazkova
- Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Department of Probability, Operations Research and Statistics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Roumyana Yordanova
- Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Informatics modeling, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iliyan Mihaylov
- Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Department of Information Technologies, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Tsonev
- Department of Functional Genetics, Abiotic and Biotic Stress, AgroBioInstitute, Agricultural Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitar Vassilev
- Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Department of Computational Informatics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Li B, Xie Q, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Xu S, Dan W, Shu-shan D. Chemical compositions of essential oils from Melicope pteleifolia and their bioactivities against stored-product insects. International Journal of Food Properties 2023; 26:764-777. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2184301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ya Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Biomedical Science, Beijing City University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Xie
- Minzu Univ China, Key Lab Ethnomed, Minist Educ, Beijing Peoples R China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Beijing City University, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Dan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Beijing City University, Beijing, China
| | - Du Shu-Shan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Hamididin RM, El Keshky MES. Does the dark triad predict intention to commit corrupt acts? The mediating role of financial anxiety among Saudi students. Australian Journal of Psychology 2023; 75. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2177498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Radeah Mohammed Hamididin
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mogeda El Sayed El Keshky
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Rothenberg R. Missing pieces: People in models. Glob Epidemiol 2023; 5:100096. [PMID: 36685292 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2022.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Grage L, Cuellar MJ. Did text-based news-media coverage about the COVID-19 pandemic increase vaccine uptake? A population-based study in Alaska. Int J Circumpolar Health 2023; 82:2213913. [PMID: 37216574 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2023.2213913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccinations protect against severe infection, hospitalisation, and death. News media can be an important source of information for the public during a health crisis. This study explores the extent to which local or statewide text-based news coverage of the pandemic was related to the uptake of initial doses of COVID-19 vaccines among adults in Alaska. Multilevel modelling was employed to explore the association between news media intensity and vaccine uptake rates across boroughs and census areas, while controlling for relevant covariates. Results suggest that the intensity of news media did not significantly influence vaccine uptake during the majority of this time period and had a negative affect during the Delta-surge in the fall of 2021. However, the political lean and median age of boroughs or census areas were significantly associated with vaccine uptake. Race, poverty, or education were not significant determinants of vaccine uptake suggesting there are unique differences in Alaska compared to the U.S., particularly amongst Alaska Native people. The political environment in Alaska surrounding the pandemic was polarized. Future research in communications and channels that can cut through this polarized and politicized environment, and reach younger adults is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grage
- College of Health, Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
| | - Matthew J Cuellar
- College of Health, School of Social Work, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
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Bulka CM, Everson TM, Burt AA, Marsit CJ, Karagas MR, Boyle KE, Niemiec S, Kechris K, Davidson EJ, Yang IV, Feinberg JI, Volk HE, Ladd-Acosta C, Breton CV, O'Shea TM, Fry RC; program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes. Sex-based differences in placental DNA methylation profiles related to gestational age: an NIH ECHO meta-analysis. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2179726. [PMID: 36840948 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2179726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta undergoes many changes throughout gestation to support the evolving needs of the foetus. There is also a growing appreciation that male and female foetuses develop differently in utero, with unique epigenetic changes in placental tissue. Here, we report meta-analysed sex-specific associations between gestational age and placental DNA methylation from four cohorts in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Programme (355 females/419 males, gestational ages 23-42 weeks). We identified 407 cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpGs) in females and 794 in males where placental methylation levels were associated with gestational age. After cell-type adjustment, 55 CpGs in females and 826 in males were significant. These were enriched for biological processes critical to the immune system in females and transmembrane transport in males. Our findings are distinct between the sexes: in females, associations with gestational age are largely explained by differences in placental cellular composition, whereas in males, gestational age is directly associated with numerous alterations in methylation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Bulka
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Todd M. Everson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amber A. Burt
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Kristen E. Boyle
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA,Colorado School of Public Health, The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sierra Niemiec
- Colorado School of Public Health, The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Colorado School of Public Health, The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA,Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Ivana V. Yang
- Colorado School of Public Health, The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jason I. Feinberg
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, ML, USA
| | - Heather E. Volk
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, ML, USA
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, ML, USA
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T. Michael O’Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,CONTACT Rebecca C. Fry Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 166A Rosenau Hall, CB #7431, Chapel Hill, NC27599
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Hao M, Huang X, Liu X, Fang X, Li H, Lv L, Zhou L, Guo T, Yan D. Novel model predicts diastolic cardiac dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Ann Med 2023; 55:766-77. [PMID: 36908240 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2180154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus complicated with heart failure has high mortality and morbidity, but no reliable diagnoses and treatments are available. This study aimed to develop and verify a new model nomogram based on clinical parameters to predict diastolic cardiac dysfunction in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS 3030 patients with T2DM underwent Doppler echocardiography at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University between January 2014 and December 2021. The patients were divided into the training dataset (n = 1701) and the verification dataset (n = 1329). In this study, a predictive diastolic cardiac dysfunction nomogram is developed using multivariable logical regression analysis, which contains the candidates selected in a minor absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model. Discrimination in the prediction model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). The calibration curve was applied to evaluate the calibration of the alignment nomogram, and the clinical decision curve was used to determine the clinical practicability of the alignment map. The verification dataset was used to evaluate the prediction model's performance. RESULTS A multivariable model that included age, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), serum sodium (Na), and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) was presented as the nomogram. We obtained the model for estimating diastolic cardiac dysfunction in patients with T2DM. The AUC-ROC of the training dataset in our model was 0.8307, with 95% CI of 0.8109-0.8505. Similar to the results obtained with the training dataset, the AUC-ROC of the verification dataset in our model was 0.8083, with 95% CI of 0.7843-0.8324, thus demonstrating robust. The function of the predictive model was as follows: Diastolic Dysfunction = -4.41303 + 0.14100*Age(year)+0.10491*BMI (kg/m2) +0.12902*TG (mmol/L) +0.03970*CK-MB (ng/mL) -0.03988*Na(mmol/L) +0.65395 * (UACR > 30 mg/g) + 1.10837 * (UACR > 300 mg/g). The calibration plot diagram of predicted probabilities against observed DCM rates indicated excellent concordance. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the novel nomogram was clinically useful. CONCLUSION Diastolic cardiac dysfunction in patients with T2DM can be predicted by clinical parameters. Our prediction model may represent an effective tool for large-scale epidemiological study of diastolic cardiac dysfunction in T2DM patients and provide a reliable method for early screening of T2DM patients with cardiac complications.KEY MESSAGESThis study used clinical parameters to predict diastolic cardiac dysfunction in patients with T2DM. This study established a nomogram for predicting diastolic cardiac dysfunction by multivariate logical regression analysis. Our predictive model can be used as an effective tool for large-scale epidemiological study of diastolic cardiac dysfunction in patients with T2DM and provides a reliable method for early screening of cardiac complications in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Hao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaokang Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingbo Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liming Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tiecheng Guo
- Chiwan Community Health Service Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dewen Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Dubowski K, Braganza GT, Bozack A, Colicino E, DeFelice N, McGuinn L, Maru D, Lee AG. COVID-19 subphenotypes at hospital admission are associated with mortality: a cross-sectional study. Ann Med 2023; 55:12-23. [PMID: 36444856 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2148733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have an incomplete understanding of COVID-19 characteristics at hospital presentation and whether underlying subphenotypes are associated with clinical outcomes and therapeutic responses. METHODS For this cross-sectional study, we extracted electronic health data from adults hospitalized between 1 March and 30 August 2020 with a PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 at five New York City Hospitals. We obtained clinical and laboratory data from the first 24 h of the patient's hospitalization. Treatment with tocilizumab and convalescent plasma was assessed over hospitalization. The primary outcome was mortality; secondary outcomes included intubation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and length of stay (LOS). First, we employed latent class analysis (LCA) to identify COVID-19 subphenotypes on admission without consideration of outcomes and assigned each patient to a subphenotype. We then performed robust Poisson regression to examine associations between COVID-19 subphenotype assignment and outcome. We explored whether the COVID-19 subphenotypes had a differential response to tocilizumab and convalescent plasma therapies. RESULTS A total of 4620 patients were included. LCA identified six subphenotypes, which were distinct by level of inflammation, clinical and laboratory derangements and ranged from a hypoinflammatory subphenotype with the fewest derangements to a hyperinflammatory with multiorgan dysfunction subphenotypes. Multivariable regression analyses found differences in risk for mortality, intubation, ICU admission and LOS, as compared to the hypoinflammatory subphenotype. For example, in multivariable analyses the moderate inflammation with fever subphenotype had 3.29 times the risk of mortality (95% CI 2.05, 5.28), while the hyperinflammatory with multiorgan failure subphenotype had 17.87 times the risk of mortality (95% CI 11.56, 27.63), as compared to the hypoinflammatory subphenotype. Exploratory analyses suggested that subphenotypes may differential respond to convalescent plasma or tocilizumab therapy. CONCLUSION COVID-19 subphenotype at hospital admission may predict risk for mortality, ICU admission and intubation and differential response to treatment.KEY MESSAGEThis cross-sectional study of COVID patients admitted to the Mount Sinai Health System, identified six distinct COVID subphenotypes on admission. Subphenotypes correlated with ICU admission, intubation, mortality and differential response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Dubowski
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giovanna T Braganza
- School of Public Health, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Anne Bozack
- School of Public Health, Environmental Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Elena Colicino
- Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas DeFelice
- Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura McGuinn
- Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Duncan Maru
- Department of Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison G Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Terwee CB, Roorda LD. Country-specific reference values for PROMIS(®) pain, physical function and participation measures compared to US reference values. Ann Med 2023; 55:1-11. [PMID: 36426680 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2149849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) is commonly used across medical conditions. To facilitate interpretation of scores across countries, we calculated Dutch reference values for PROMIS Physical Function (PROMIS-PF), Pain Interference (PROMIS-PI), Pain Behavior (PROMIS-PB), Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities (PROMIS-APSRA), and Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities (PROMIS-SSRA), as compared to US reference values. PATIENTS AND METHODS A panel completed full PROMIS-PF (n=1310), PROMIS-PI and PROMIS-PB (n=1052), and PROMIS-APSRA and PROMIS-SSRA (n=1002) item banks and reported their level of health per domain (no, mild, moderate, severe limitations). T-scores were calculated by sample and subgroups (age, gender, self-reported level of domain). Distribution-based and anchor-based thresholds for mild, moderate, and severe scores were determined. RESULTS Mean T-scores were close to the US mean of 50 for PROMIS-PF (49.8) and PROMIS-APSRA (50.6), lower for PROMIS-SSRA (47.5) and higher for PROMIS-PI (54.9) and PROMIS-PB (52.0). Distribution-based thresholds for mild, moderate, and severe scores were comparable to US recommended cut-off values (except for PROMIS-PI) but participants reported limitations 'earlier' than suggested thresholds. CONCLUSION Dutch reference values were close to US reference values for some PROMIS domains but not all. We recommend country-specific reference values to facilitate worldwide PROMIS use.KEY MESSAGESPROMIS offers universally applicable IRT-based efficient and patient-friendly measures to assess commonly relevant patient-reported outcomes across medical conditions.To support the use of PROMIS in daily clinical practice and research across the world, country-specific general population reference values should be obtained.More research is necessary to obtain reliable and valid cut-off values for what constitutes mild, moderate and severe scores from the patients' perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline B Terwee
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leo D Roorda
- Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center
- Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Yang L, Xie G, Yang W, Wang R, Zhang B, Xu M, Sun L, Xu X, Xiang W, Cui X, Luo Y, Chung MC. Short-term effects of air pollution exposure on the risk of preterm birth in Xi'an, China. Ann Med 2023; 55:325-34. [PMID: 36598136 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2163282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term exposure to air pollution is known to be harmful to preterm birth (PTB), but little is known about the short-term effects. This study aims to quantify the short-term effect of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), ≤10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on PTB. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18,826 singleton PTBs were collected during the study period. Poisson regression model combined with the distributed lag non-linear model was applied to evaluate the short-term effects of PTBs and air pollutants. RESULTS Maternal exposure to NO2 was significantly associated increased risk of PTB at Lag1 (RR: 1.025, 95%CI: 1.003-1.047). In the moving average model, maternal exposure to NO2 significantly increased the risk of PTB at Lag01 (RR: 1.029, 95%CI: 1.004-1.054). In the cumulative model, maternal exposure to NO2 significant increased the risk of PTB at Cum01 (RR:1.026, 95%CI: 1.002-1.051), Cum02 (RR: 1.030, 95%CI: 1.003-1.059), and Cum03 (RR: 1.033, 95%CI: 1.002-1.066). The effects of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 on PTB were significant and greater in the cold season than the warm season. CONCLUSIONS Maternal exposure to NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 before delivery has a significant risk for PTB, particularly in the cold season.Key messagesMaternal exposure to NO2 was significant associated with an increased risk of preterm birth at the day 1 before delivery.Particle matter (PM2.5 and PM10) showed a significant short-term effect on preterm birth in the cold season.The effects of air pollutants on preterm birth was greater in the cold season compared with the warm season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liren Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Guilan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wenfang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Boxing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Landi Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xu Xu
- The National Medical Center Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wanwan Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,College of Nursing, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal & Child Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Mei Chun Chung
- Division of Nutrition Epidemiology and Data Science, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Steinrücke J, Veldkamp BP, de Jong T. The effect of self-reflection on information usage and information literacy in a digital serious game. Computers and Education Open 2023; 4:100133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.caeo.2023.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
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14
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Carreras-Gallo N, Dwaraka VB, Cáceres A, Smith R, Mendez TL, Went H, Gonzalez JR. Impact of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana on genome-wide DNA methylation and its relationship with hypertension. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2214392. [PMID: 37216580 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2214392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana consumption is an important public health problem because of their high use worldwide and their association with the risk of mortality and many health conditions, such as hypertension, which is the commonest risk factor for death throughout the world. A likely pathway of action of substance consumption leading to persistent hypertension is DNA methylation. Here, we evaluated the effects of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana on DNA methylation in the same cohort (N = 3,424). Three epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) were assessed in whole blood using the InfiniumHumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip. We also evaluated the mediation of the top CpG sites in the association between substance consumption and hypertension. Our analyses showed 2,569 CpG sites differentially methylated by alcohol drinking and 528 by tobacco smoking. We did not find significant associations with marijuana consumption after correcting for multiple comparisons. We found 61 genes overlapping between alcohol and tobacco that were enriched in biological processes involved in the nervous and cardiovascular systems. In the mediation analysis, we found 66 CpG sites that significantly mediated the effect of alcohol consumption on hypertension. The top alcohol-related CpG site (cg06690548, P-value = 5.9·10-83) mapped to SLC7A11 strongly mediated 70.5% of the effect of alcohol consumption on hypertension (P-value = 0.006). Our findings suggest that DNA methylation should be considered for new targets in hypertension prevention and management, particularly concerning alcohol consumption. Our data also encourage further research into the use of methylation in blood to study the neurological and cardiovascular effects of substance consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alejandro Cáceres
- Epidemiology, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Mathematics, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Juan R Gonzalez
- Epidemiology, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Slade E, Mangino AA, Daniels L, Liford M, Quesinberry D. Modelling overdose case fatality rates over time: The collaborative process. Stat (Int Stat Inst) 2023; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/sta4.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Slade
- Department of Biostatistics University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Anthony A. Mangino
- Department of Biostatistics University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Lara Daniels
- Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Madison Liford
- Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Dana Quesinberry
- Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
- Department of Health Management and Policy University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
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Nguyen HN, Sharp GM, Stahl-Rommel S, Velez Justiniano YA, Castro CL, Nelman-Gonzalez M, O'Rourke A, Lee MD, Williamson J, McCool C, Crucian B, Clark KW, Jain M, Castro-Wallace SL. Microbial isolation and characterization from two flex lines from the urine processor assembly onboard the international space station. Biofilm 2023; 5:100108. [PMID: 36938359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine, humidity condensate, and other sources of non-potable water are processed onboard the International Space Station (ISS) by the Water Recovery System (WRS) yielding potable water. While some means of microbial control are in place, including a phosphoric acid/hexavalent chromium urine pretreatment solution, many areas within the WRS are not available for routine microbial monitoring. Due to refurbishment needs, two flex lines from the Urine Processor Assembly (UPA) within the WRS were removed and returned to Earth. The water from within these lines, as well as flush water, was microbially evaluated. Culture and culture-independent analysis revealed the presence of Burkholderia, Paraburkholderia, and Leifsonia. Fungal culture also identified Fusarium and Lecythophora. Hybrid de novo genome analysis of the five distinct Burkholderia isolates identified them as B. contaminans, while the two Paraburkholderia isolates were identified as P. fungorum. Chromate-resistance gene clusters were identified through pangenomic analysis that differentiated these genomes from previously studied isolates recovered from the point-of-use potable water dispenser and/or current NCBI references, indicating that unique populations exist within distinct niches in the WRS. Beyond genomic analysis, fixed samples directly from the lines were imaged by environmental scanning electron microscopy, which detailed networks of fungal-bacterial biofilms. This is the first evidence of biofilm formation within flex lines from the UPA onboard the ISS. For all bacteria isolated, biofilm potential was further characterized, with the B. contaminans isolates demonstrating the most considerable biofilm formation. Moreover, the genomes of the B. contaminans revealed secondary metabolite gene clusters associated with quorum sensing, biofilm formation, antifungal compounds, and hemolysins. The potential production of these gene cluster metabolites was phenotypically evaluated through biofilm, bacterial-fungal interaction, and hemolytic assays. Collectively, these data identify the UPA flex lines as a unique ecological niche and novel area of biofilm growth within the WRS. Further investigation of these organisms and their resistance profiles will enable engineering controls directed toward biofilm prevention in future space station water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aubrie O’Rourke
- Exploration Research and Technology, NASA Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, FL, USA
| | | | - Jill Williamson
- Space Systems Department, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | | | - Brian Crucian
- Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Miten Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah L. Castro-Wallace
- Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Corresponding author.
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17
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Bi SH, Wang X, Tang W, Wang T, Li B, Su C. Longitudinal association between dietary protein intake and survival in peritoneal dialysis patients. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2182605. [PMID: 36861472 DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2023.2182605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased dietary protein intake (DPI) may lead to protein-energy malnutrition and may be associated with increased mortality risk. We hypothesized that longitudinal changes in dietary protein intake have independent associations with survival in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. METHODS 668 stable PD patients were selected in the study from January 2006 to January 2018 and were followed up until December 2019. Their three-day dietary records were collected at the baseline (the sixth month after PD) and thereafter every 3 months for two and a half years. The latent class mixed models (LCMM) were used to identify subgroups of PD patients with similar longitudinal trajectories of DPI. The relation between DPI (baseline and longitudinal data) and survival was examined using Cox model to estimate death hazard ratios. Meanwhile, different formulae were used to assess nitrogen balance. RESULTS The results showed that baseline DPI ≤ 0.60g/kg/day was associated with the worst outcome in PD patients. Patients with DPI 0.80-0.99g/kg/day and DPI ≥ 1.0g/kg/day both presented positive nitrogen balance; patients with DPI 0.61-0.79g/kg/day presented obviously negative nitrogen balance. Longitudinal association between time-dependent DPI and survival was found in PD patients. The consistently low DPI' (0.61-0.79g/kg/d) group was correlated with increased death risk as compared with the 'consistently median DPI' group (0.80-0.99g/kg/d, HR = 1.59, p = 0.008), whereas there was no difference in survival between 'consistently median DPI' group and 'high-level DPI' group (≥1.0 g/kg/d, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study revealed that DPI ≥ 0.8 g/kg/day was beneficial to the long-term outcome for the PD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hong Bi
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Nursing Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Su
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Vanderhasselt MA, Sanchez-Lopez A, Pulopulos M, Razza LB, De Smet S, Brunoni AR, Baeken C, De Raedt R, Allaert J. Prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right prefrontal cortex reduces proactive and reactive control performance towards emotional material in healthy individuals. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100384. [PMID: 36922929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex plays a crucial role in cognitive processes, both during anticipatory and reactive modes of cognitive control. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) can modulate these cognitive resources. However, there is a lack of research exploring the impact of tDCS on emotional material processing in the prefrontal cortex, particularly in regard to proactive and reactive modes of cognitive control. In this study, 35 healthy volunteers underwent both real and sham tDCS applied to the right prefrontal cortex in a counterbalanced order, and then completed the Cued Emotion Control Task (CECT). Pupil dilation, a measure of cognitive resource allocation, and behavioral outcomes, such as reaction time and accuracy, were collected. The results indicate that, as compared to sham stimulation, active right-sided tDCS reduced performance and resource allocation in both proactive and reactive modes of cognitive control. These findings highlight the importance of further research on the effects of tDCS applied to the right prefrontal cortex on cognitive engagement, particularly for clinical trials utilizing the present electrode montage in combination with cognitive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Clinical Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Matias Pulopulos
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lais B Razza
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefanie De Smet
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - André Russowsky Brunoni
- Serviço Interdisciplinar de Neuromodulação, Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo & Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes 2565, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.,Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Ghent, Belgium.,Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB): Department of Psychiatry (UZBrussel), Belgium.,Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, the Netherlands
| | - Rudi De Raedt
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Allaert
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Carpallo-González M, Muñoz-Navarro R, González-Blanch C, Cano-Vindel A. Symptoms of emotional disorders and sociodemographic factors as moderators of dropout in psychological treatment: A meta-review. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100379. [PMID: 36922928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Dropout from psychological treatment is an important problem that substantially limits treatment effectiveness. A better understanding of this phenomenon, could help to minimize it. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of meta-analyses (MA) on dropout from psychological treatments to (1) determine the estimated overall dropout rate (DR) and (2) to examine potential predictors of dropout, including clinical symptoms (anxiety and depression) and sociodemographic factors. Method A literature search of the PubMed PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar databases was conducted. We identified 196 MAs on dropout from psychological treatment carried out primarily in adult patients or mixed samples (adults and children) between 1990 and 2022. Of these, 12 met all inclusion criteria. Two forest plots were created to visualize the DR and the relationship between DR and the disorder. Results The DR ranged from 15.9% to 46.8% and was significantly moderated by symptoms of emotional disorders. The highest DR were observed in younger, unmarried patients, and those with lower educational and income levels. Conclusions DR in patients undergoing psychological treatment is highly heterogeneous, but higher in individuals presenting symptoms of anxiety and/or depression, especially the latter. Given that high DR undermine the effectiveness of psychological interventions, it is clear that greater efforts are needed to reduce dropout, particularly among individuals with symptoms of emotional disorders.
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20
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Palmér C, Wallin A, Persson J, Aronsson M, Blennow K. Effective communications on invasive alien species: Identifying communication needs of Swedish domestic garden owners. J Environ Manage 2023; 340:117995. [PMID: 37100004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Invasive alien species threaten biodiversity with domestic gardens acting as a major pathway for the introduction of alien species. Even though the Nordic region is not currently a hotspot for biological invasions, the number of invasions in the Nordic area has been predicted to increase due to climate change. Given a time lag between introduction and invasion, many non-invasive horticultural alien species already introduced into gardens may become invasive in the future. This study aimed to identify the communication needs of Swedish garden owners regarding their management of invasive alien species. A survey among domestic garden owners, informed by topic specialists and local area experts, and interviews with garden owners were conducted in three different bio-climatic areas in a latitudinal gradient across Sweden. The questions targeted invasive alien species and their relations to biodiversity loss and climate change, as well as measures taken to control these species. Analysing the survey data collected in relation to measures taken to control invasive species, Bayesian Additive Regression Tree (BART) modelling was used to identify geographically varying communication needs of the domestic garden owners. In all study areas, the garden owners' measures taken to control invasive alien species were correlated with their strength of beliefs in having experienced local biodiversity loss. A majority of the garden owners were, moreover, uncertain about the impact of climate change on the invasiveness of alien species. In addition, the garden owners' capacity for identifying invasive alien species was often in need of improvement, in particular with respect to the species Impatiens glandulifera, Reynoutria japonica and Rosa rugosa. The results suggest that the evidence-based guidelines for effective communications we developed, have the potential to help communicators meet the local communication needs of garden owners across Sweden, in relation to the management of invasive alien garden species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Palmér
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
| | - A Wallin
- Division of Cognitive Science, Department of Philosophy, Lund University, Sweden
| | - J Persson
- Department of Philosophy, Lund University, Sweden
| | - M Aronsson
- Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
| | - K Blennow
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden; Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sweden.
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Zhang S, Zhao J, Yao M. Urban landscape-level biodiversity assessments of aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates by environmental DNA metabarcoding. J Environ Manage 2023; 340:117971. [PMID: 37119629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Globally, expansive urbanization profoundly alters natural habitats and the associated biota. Monitoring biodiversity in cities can provide essential information for conservation management, but the complexity of urban landscapes poses serious challenges to conventional observational and capture-based surveys. Here we assessed pan-vertebrate biodiversity, including both aquatic and terrestrial taxa, using environmental DNA (eDNA) sampled from 109 water sites across Beijing, China. Using eDNA metabarcoding with a single primer set (Tele02), we detected 126 vertebrate species, including 73 fish, 39 birds, 11 mammals, and 3 reptiles belonging to 91 genera, 46 families, and 22 orders. The probability of detection from eDNA varied substantially among species and was related to their lifestyle, as shown by the greater detectability of fish compared to that of terrestrial and arboreal (birds and mammals) groups, as well as the greater detectability of water birds compared to that of forest birds (Wilcoxon rank-sum test p = 0.007). Furthermore, the eDNA detection probabilities across all vertebrates (Wilcoxon rank-sum test p = 0.009), as well as for birds (p < 0.001), were higher at lentic sites in comparison with lotic sites. Also, the detected biodiversity was positively correlated with lentic waterbody size for fish (Spearman p = 0.012), but not for other groups. Our results demonstrate the capacity of eDNA metabarcoding to efficiently surveil diverse vertebrate communities across an extensive spatial scale in heterogenous urban landscapes. With further methodological development and optimization, the eDNA approach has great potential for non-invasive, efficient, economic, and timely assessments of biodiversity responses to urbanization, thus guiding city ecosystem conservation management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jindong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Meng Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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22
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Liu D, Song C, Xin Z, Fang C, Liu Z, Xu Y. Agricultural management strategies for balancing yield increase, carbon sequestration, and emission reduction after straw return for three major grain crops in China: A meta-analysis. J Environ Manage 2023; 340:117965. [PMID: 37121003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Straw return can improve crop yield as well as soil organic carbon (SOC) but may raise the possibility of N2O and CH4 emissions. However, few studies have compared the effects of straw return on the yield, SOC, and N2O emissions of various crops. Which management strategies are the best for balancing yield, SOC, and emission reduction for various crops needs to be clarified. A meta-analysis containing 2269 datasets collected from 369 studies was conducted to investigate the influence of agricultural management strategies on yield increase, soil carbon sequestration, and emission reduction in various crops after the straw return. Analytical results indicated that, on average, straw return increased the yield of rice, wheat, and maize by 5.04%, 8.09%, and 8.71%, respectively. Straw return increased maize N2O emissions by 14.69% but did not significantly affect wheat N2O emissions. Interestingly, straw return reduced the rice N2O emissions by 11.43% but increased the CH4 emissions by 72.01%. The recommended nitrogen application amounts for balancing yield, SOC, and emission reduction varied among the three crops, while the recommended straw return amounts were more than 9000 kg/ha. The optimal tillage and straw return strategies for rice, wheat, and maize were plow tillage combined with incorporation, rotary tillage combined with incorporation, and no-tillage combined with mulching, respectively. A straw return duration of 5-10 years for rice and maize and ≤5 years for wheat was recommended. These findings provide optimal agricultural management strategies after straw return to balance the crop yield, SOC, and emission reduction for China's three major grain crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Liu
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Changchun Song
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Zhuohang Xin
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chong Fang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yipei Xu
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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Sisson D, Beechler B, Jabbar A, Jolles A, Hufschmid J. Epidemiology of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale infections in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from Kruger National Park, South Africa. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2023; 21:47-54. [PMID: 37124669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Image 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Sisson
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Brianna Beechler
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Magruder Hall, 700 SW 30th St, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
| | - Anna Jolles
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Magruder Hall, 700 SW 30th St, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Cordley Hall, 3029, 2701 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Jasmin Hufschmid
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
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Wang J, Li X, Cheng Y. Towards an extended EfficientNet-based U-Net framework for joint optic disc and cup segmentation in the fundus image. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023; 85:104906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Meissner W, Witkowska M. The effect of the temperature on local differences in the sex ratio of Mallards Anas platyrhynchos wintering in an urban habitat. Acta Oecologica 2023; 119:103900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2023.103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Tian H, Wu D, Chen B, Yuan H, Yu H, Lou X, Chen C. Rapid identification and quantification of vegetable oil adulteration in raw milk using a flash gas chromatography electronic nose combined with machine learning. Food Control 2023; 150:109758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Hamilton AN, Gibson KE. Transfer rates of Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and a human norovirus surrogate impacted by macronutrient composition of food inks in 3D food printing systems. Food Microbiol 2023; 113:104268. [PMID: 37098423 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
3D food printers (3DFPs) allow for the customization of the physiochemical properties of foods in new ways. Transfer kinetics of foodborne pathogens between surfaces and food inks have not been evaluated in 3DFPs. This study aimed to determine if the macromolecular composition of food inks would impact the transfer rate of foodborne pathogens from the stainless steel food ink capsule to the 3D printed food. Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and a human norovirus surrogate, Tulane virus (TuV), were inoculated onto the interior surface of stainless steel food ink capsules and dried for 30 min. Subsequently, 100 g of one of the following prepared food inks was extruded: (1) pure butter, (2) a powdered sugar solution, (3) a protein powder solution, and (4) a 1:1:1 ratio of all three macromolecules. Pathogen enumeration was completed for both the soiled capsules and the printed food products and resulting transfer rates were estimated using a generalized linear model with quasibinomial errors. A significant two-way interaction effect was found between microorganism type and food ink type (P = 0.0002). Tulane virus was typically transferred the most, and no significant differences between L. monocytogenes and S. Typhimurium were observed for any food matrix or across food matrices. Among food matrices, the complex mixture transferred fewer microorganisms in all instances, while butter, protein, and sugar were all statistically indistinguishable. This research seeks to further develop the field of 3DFP safety and to advance the understanding of the role of macromolecular composition in pathogen transfer kinetics, which have not previously been explored in pure matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson N Hamilton
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Kristen E Gibson
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA.
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Baker C, Love T. The effect of time on lexical and syntactic processing in aphasia. J Neurolinguistics 2023; 67:101142. [PMID: 37215754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2023.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Processing deficits at the lexical level, such as delayed and reduced lexical activation, have been theorized as the source of breakdowns in syntactic operations and thus contribute to sentence comprehension deficits in individuals with aphasia (IWA). In the current study, we investigate the relationship between lexical and syntactic processing in object-relative sentences using eye-tracking while listening in IWA. We explore whether manipulating the time available to process a critical lexical item (the direct-object noun) when it is initially heard in a sentence has an immediate effect on lexical access as well as a downstream effect on syntactic processing. To achieve this aim, we use novel temporal manipulations to provide additional time for lexical processing to occur. In addition to exploring these temporal effects in IWA, we also seek to understand the effect that additional time has on sentence processing in neurotypical age-matched adults (AMC). We predict that the temporal manipulations designed to provide increased processing time for critical lexical items will 1) enhance lexical processing of the target noun, 2) facilitate syntactic integration, and 3) improve sentence comprehension for both IWA and AMC. We demonstrate that strengthening lexical processing via the addition of time can affect lexical processing and facilitate syntactic retrieval of the target noun and lead to enhanced interference resolution in both unimpaired and impaired systems. In aphasia, additional time can mitigate impairments in spreading activation thereby improving lexical access and reducing interference during downstream dependency linking. However, individuals with aphasia may require longer additions of time to fully realize these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Baker
- SDSU/UCSD Joint Ph.D. Program in Language and Communicative Disorders, San Diego, USA
| | - Tracy Love
- SDSU/UCSD Joint Ph.D. Program in Language and Communicative Disorders, San Diego, USA
- SDSU, School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego, USA
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Bogler R, Somech A. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) above and beyond: Teachers' OCB during COVID-19. Teach Teach Educ 2023; 130:104183. [PMID: 37223776 DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2023.104183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated teachers' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey's quantitative analysis (N = 299) revealed that Israeli teachers reported more OCBs "during COVID-19″ than "before COVID-19," mostly towards students, less towards the school and parents, and least towards colleagues. The qualitative analysis enabled the identification of the unique construct of teacher OCB during the pandemic, composed of six categories: promoting academic achievement, investing extra time, providing support to students, use of technology, compliance with regulations, and compliance with role changes. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding OCB as a context-related phenomenon, especially during crises times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Bogler
- Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel, 1 University Road, Raanana, 4353701, Israel
| | - Anit Somech
- Department of Educational Leadership & Policy, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Houshy Ave, Mount Carmel, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
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Bustamante JC, Fernández-castilla B, Alcaraz-iborra M. Relation between executive functions and screen time exposure in under 6 year-olds: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior 2023; 145:107739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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Stelling JM, Slesak RA, Windmuller-Campione MA, Grinde A. Effects of stand age, tree species, and climate on water table fluctuations and estimated evapotranspiration in managed peatland forests. J Environ Manage 2023; 339:117783. [PMID: 37058930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lowland conifer forests dominated by black spruce (Picea mariana) and tamarack (Larix laricina) typically occur in peatlands in the boreal North American forest with near-surface water tables throughout the year. These forests are ecologically and economically important resources that may be impacted by climate change. However, information characterizing effects of forest disturbance, such as even-aged harvest on water table dynamics is needed to evaluate which forest tree species cover types are most hydrologically susceptible to even-aged harvest and changes in precipitation. We used a chronosequence approach to evaluate water table fluctuations and evapotranspiration across four stand age classes (<10, 15-30, 40-80, and >100-years old) and three distinct forest cover types (productive black spruce, stagnant black spruce, and tamarack) for a period of three years in Minnesota, USA. In general, there is limited evidence for elevated water tables in the younger age classes; the <10-year age class had no significant difference in mean weekly water table depth compared to the older age classes across all cover types. Estimated actual daily evapotranspiration (ET) generally agreed with the water table observations, with the exception of the tamarack cover type where ET was significantly lower in the <10-year age class. Productive black spruce sites that are 40-80-years old had higher evapotranspiration, and lower water table, possibly reflecting increased transpiration associated with the stem exclusion stage of stand development. Tamarack in the 40-80-year age class had higher water tables but no difference in ET compared to all other age classes, indicating that other external factors are driving higher water tables in that age class. To evaluate susceptibility to changing climate, we also assessed the sensitivity and response of water table dynamics to pronounced differences in growing season precipitation that occurred across study years. In general, tamarack forests are more sensitive to changes in precipitation compared to the two black spruce forest cover types. These findings can inform expected responses of site hydrology for a range of precipitation scenarios that may occur under future climate and be used by forest managers to evaluate hydrologic impacts of forest management activities across lowland conifer forest cover types.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Stelling
- University of Minnesota, Department of Soil Water and Climate, Twin Cities, USA.
| | - R A Slesak
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Olympia WA, 98512, USA.
| | | | - Alexis Grinde
- Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55811, USA.
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Tekwa E, Gonzalez A, Zurell D, O'Connor M. Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220181. [PMID: 37246389 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This issue addresses the multifaceted problems of understanding biodiversity change to meet emerging international development and conservation goals, national economic accounting and diverse community needs. Recent international agreements highlight the need to establish monitoring and assessment programmes at national and regional levels. We identify an opportunity for the research community to develop the methods for robust detection and attribution of biodiversity change that will contribute to national assessments and guide conservation action. The 16 contributions of this issue address six major aspects of biodiversity assessment: connecting policy to science, establishing observation, improving statistical estimation, detecting change, attributing causes and projecting the future. These studies are led by experts in Indigenous studies, economics, ecology, conservation, statistics, and computer science, with representations from Asia, Africa, South America, North America and Europe. The results place biodiversity science in the context of policy needs and provide an updated roadmap for how to observe biodiversity change in a way that supports conservation action via robust detection and attribution science. This article is part of the theme issue 'Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Tekwa
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British Columbia, Canada V0P 1H0
| | - Andrew Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mary O'Connor
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
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Shuai LY, Wang LQ, Xia Y, Xia JY, Hong K, Wu YN, Tian XY, Zhang FS. Combined effects of light pollution and vegetation height on behavior and body weight in a nocturnal rodent. Environ Pollut 2023; 329:121676. [PMID: 37098367 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
At a global scale, organisms are under threat due to various kinds of environmental changes, such as artificial light at night (ALAN), noise, climatic change and vegetation destruction. Usually, these changes co-vary in time and space and may take effect simultaneously. Although impacts of ALAN on biological processes have been well documented, our knowledge on the combined effects of ALAN and other environmental changes on animals remains limited. In this study, we conducted field experiments in semi-natural enclosures to explore the combined effects of ALAN and vegetation height on foraging behavior, vigilance, activity patterns and body weight in dwarf striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis), a nocturnal rodent widely distributed in East Asia. We find that ALAN and vegetation height affected different aspects of behavior. ALAN negatively affected search speed and positively affected handling speed, while vegetation height negatively affected giving-up density and positively affected body weight. ALAN and vegetation height also additively shaped total time spent in a food patch. No significant interactive effect of ALAN and vegetation height was detected. C. barabensis exposed to ALAN and short vegetation suffered a significant loss in body weight, and possessed a much narrower temporal niche (i.e. initiated activity later but became inactive earlier) than those under other combinations of treatments. The observed behavioral responses to ALAN and changes in vegetation height may bring fitness consequences, as well as further changes in structure and functioning of local ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ying Shuai
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Li-Qing Wang
- Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Yang Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Jin-Yu Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Kang Hong
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Xin-Yi Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Fu-Shun Zhang
- Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China.
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Liu S, Ni JQ. Identified factors and predicted unidentified-factors affecting ammonia emissions from a swine building. J Hazard Mater 2023; 453:131365. [PMID: 37080030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Large variabilities in ammonia (NH3) released from animal manure and emitted from different livestock buildings were frequently reported, but the factors influencing the emissions were not sufficiently investigated. In this paper, continuously monitored data of NH3 emissions and other relevant environmental variables under controlled conditions in a 12-room experimental swine building for a 155-d complete wean-to-finish cycle were studied. Measurement data mining was conducted at both spatial and temporal dimensions using panel data analysis with heterogeneous time trends. The pig diet, total pig weight, and the pit air temperature were identified as the major influencing factors for the variabilities by using multivariate linear regression. Two unidentified factors that imposed substantial influences on the NH3 emission variabilities were predicted. They were most possibly related to variations in microenvironment and microbial activity inside the manure in the pit. The results suggest necessary future research to identify physical properties of the new NH3 emissions factors in microbiological and biochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shule Liu
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ji-Qin Ni
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Tseng ZJ, Garcia-Lara S, Flynn JJ, Holmes E, Rowe TB, Dickson BV. A switch in jaw form-function coupling during the evolution of mammals. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220091. [PMID: 37183899 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary shift from a single-element ear, multi-element jaw to a multi-element ear, single-element jaw during the transition to crown mammals marks one of the most dramatic structural transformations in vertebrates. Research on this transformation has focused on mammalian middle-ear evolution, but a mandible comprising only the dentary is equally emblematic of this evolutionary radiation. Here, we show that the remarkably diverse jaw shapes of crown mammals are coupled with surprisingly stereotyped jaw stiffness. This strength-based morphofunctional regime has a genetic basis and allowed mammalian jaws to effectively resist deformation as they radiated into highly disparate forms with markedly distinct diets. The main functional consequences for the mandible of decoupling hearing and mastication were a trade-off between higher jaw stiffness versus decreased mechanical efficiency and speed compared with non-mammals. This fundamental and consequential shift in jaw form-function underpins the ecological and taxonomic diversification of crown mammals. This article is part of the theme issue 'The mammalian skull: development, structure and function'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Jack Tseng
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Sergio Garcia-Lara
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - John J Flynn
- Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
- Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Emily Holmes
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Timothy B Rowe
- Jackson School of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Blake V Dickson
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Chen HW, Wu JC, Kang YN, Chiu YJ, Hu SH. Assertive communication training for nurses to speak up in cases of medical errors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurse Educ Today 2023; 126:105831. [PMID: 37121073 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several authors have previously assessed the effects of assertive communication training for nurses to speak up in cases of medical errors. Inconsistent results regarding the nurses' attitudes, behaviors, and confidence levels were noticed. OBJECTIVE To identify the effectiveness of assertive communication training on nurses' behaviors, attitudes, and confidence levels for speaking up in cases of medical errors and to identify vital components for success. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES PubMed, ERIC, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched up for studies published from the inception of the database to December 16, 2022. METHODS Two researchers independently performed a primary screening of titles and abstracts for relevant studies, followed by a review of full texts if the references met inclusion criteria and quality assessment. Data were retrieved for nurses and nursing students who received medical error-related assertive communication training for speaking up, and learning outcomes for attitudes, behaviors, and confidence levels were reported based on pooled data. Pooled estimates were calculated using a random-effects model. RESULTS A total of eleven studies with 1299 participants were included in systematic review, and among them nine studies with 804 participants were analyzed in meta-analysis. From the pooled results, the intervention group, which received assertive communication training, exhibited substantially improved speaking-up behaviors compared with the control group (SMD = 0.58; 95 % CI, 0.14-1.03). Considerable differences were noted in the nurses' times of speaking up in cases of medical errors between pretest (38 %; 95 % CI, 0.14-0.68) and posttest (78 %; 95 %CI, 0.70-0.85) based on the pooled data. The nurses' attitudes and confidence levels for speaking up varied markedly between pretest and posttest. CONCLUSION Structured assertive communication training may improve nurses' speaking-up behaviors in cases of medical errors. To conduct effective assertive communication training, nursing educators should incorporate multiple teaching approaches into structured training and ensure an adequate training duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Chen
- Doctoral Program, Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Chieh Wu
- Department of Emergency, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Department of Medical Education and Humanities, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Department of Emergency, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Health Policy & Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Jui Chiu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sophia H Hu
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Cai H, Shimoda Y, Mao J, Arhonditsis GB. Development of a sensitivity analysis framework for aquatic biogeochemical models using machine learning. ECOL INFORM 2023; 75:102079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Pedrayes OD, Usamentiaga R, Trichakis Y, Bouraoui F. Remote sensing for detecting freshly manured fields. ECOL INFORM 2023; 75:102006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Schwartz SA, Inbar Y. Is it good to feel bad about littering? Conflict between moral beliefs and behaviors for everyday transgressions. Cognition 2023; 236:105437. [PMID: 36989917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
People sometimes do things that they think are morally wrong. We investigate how actors' perceptions of the morality of their own behaviors affects observer evaluations. In Study 1 (n = 302), we presented participants with six different descriptions of actors who routinely engaged in a morally questionable behavior and varied whether the actors thought the behavior was morally wrong. Actors who believed their behavior was wrong were seen as having better moral character, but their behavior was rated as more wrong. In Study 2 (n = 391) we investigated whether perceptions of actor metadesires were responsible for the effects of actor beliefs on character judgments. We used the same stimuli and measures as in Study 1 but added a measure of the actor's perceived desires to engage in the behaviors. As predicted, the effect of actors' moral beliefs on judgments of their moral character was mediated by perceived metadesires. In Study 3 (n = 1092) we replicated these findings in a between-participants design and further found that the effect of actor beliefs on act and character judgments was moderated by participant beliefs about the general acceptability of the behavior.
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Abadía Alvarado LK, Gómez Soler SC, Cifuentes González J. Gone with the pandemic: How did Covid-19 affect the academic performance of Colombian students? Int J Educ Dev 2023; 100:102783. [PMID: 37123870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic is an unprecedented shock that has tested the responsiveness of education systems around the world. The international literature that has studied the Covid-19 pandemic and school performance is still limited. Colombia presents an interesting scenario for the analysis due to the prolonged school closures and long lockdowns it experienced in 2020, and the availability of a rich dataset on the results of a high school exit examination (Saber11) that was administered even during the pandemic. Using this data, we estimate whether the COVID-19 pandemic is associated to lower levels of performance amongst graduating high school students using a school and time fixed effects model, finding a negative relation. Due to the significant reduction in the number of students taking the national standardized high school exit exam in 2020, we use inverse probability weighting (IPW) regressions to control for possible selection bias. The results of these regressions show that the Covid-19 pandemic has a negative and statistically significant relation with the scores obtained by students on the Saber11 exam. These results are relevant because they provide evidence to motivate the design of public policies that mitigate the side effects of the pandemic on educational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia C Gómez Soler
- Department of Economics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 # 40b - 36, Bogotá, Colombia
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Nascimento MC, Husson B, Guillet L, Pedersen T. Modelling the spatial shifts of functional groups in the Barents Sea using a climate-driven spatial food web model. Ecol Modell 2023; 481:110358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Hirten RP, Suprun M, Danieletto M, Zweig M, Golden E, Pyzik R, Kaur S, Helmus D, Biello A, Landell K, Rodrigues J, Bottinger EP, Keefer L, Charney D, Nadkarni GN, Suarez-Farinas M, Fayad ZA. A machine learning approach to determine resilience utilizing wearable device data: analysis of an observational cohort. JAMIA Open 2023; 6:ooad029. [PMID: 37143859 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess whether an individual's degree of psychological resilience can be determined from physiological metrics passively collected from a wearable device. Materials and Methods Data were analyzed in this secondary analysis of the Warrior Watch Study dataset, a prospective cohort of healthcare workers enrolled across 7 hospitals in New York City. Subjects wore an Apple Watch for the duration of their participation. Surveys were collected measuring resilience, optimism, and emotional support at baseline. Results We evaluated data from 329 subjects (mean age 37.4 years, 37.1% male). Across all testing sets, gradient-boosting machines (GBM) and extreme gradient-boosting models performed best for high- versus low-resilience prediction, stratified on a median Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-2 score of 6 (interquartile range = 5-7), with an AUC of 0.60. When predicting resilience as a continuous variable, multivariate linear models had a correlation of 0.24 (P = .029) and RMSE of 1.37 in the testing data. A positive psychological construct, comprised of resilience, optimism, and emotional support was also evaluated. The oblique random forest method performed best in estimating high- versus low-composite scores stratified on a median of 32.5, with an AUC of 0.65, a sensitivity of 0.60, and a specificity of 0.70. Discussion In a post hoc analysis, machine learning models applied to physiological metrics collected from wearable devices had some predictive ability in identifying resilience states and a positive psychological construct. Conclusions These findings support the further assessment of psychological characteristics from passively collected wearable data in dedicated studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Hirten
- Corresponding Author: Robert P. Hirten, MD, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, Annenberg Building RM 5-12, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Maria Suprun
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matteo Danieletto
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Micol Zweig
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eddye Golden
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renata Pyzik
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sparshdeep Kaur
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Drew Helmus
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anthony Biello
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kyle Landell
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jovita Rodrigues
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laurie Keefer
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dennis Charney
- Office of the Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mayte Suarez-Farinas
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Arbel J, Girard S, Nguyen HD, Usseglio-carleve A. Multivariate expectile-based distribution: Properties, Bayesian inference, and applications. J Stat Plan Inference 2023; 225:146-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jspi.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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T Silva de Sá R, Tesser Antunes Prianti M, Andrade R, Oliveira Silva A, Rodrigues Batista É, Valentim Dos Santos J, Magno Silva F, Aurélio Carbone Carneiro M, Roberto Guimarães Guilherme L, Chakraborty S, C Weindorf D, Curi N, Henrique Godinho Silva S, Teixeira Ribeiro B. Detailed characterization of iron-rich tailings after the Fundão dam failure, Brazil, with inclusion of proximal sensors data, as a secure basis for environmental and agricultural restoration. Environ Res 2023; 228:115858. [PMID: 37062481 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Following the Fundão dam failure in Brazil, 60 million m3 of iron-rich tailings were released impacting an extensive area. After this catastrophe, a detailed characterization and monitoring of iron-rich tailings is required for agronomic and environmental purposes. This can be facilitated by using proximal sensors which have been an efficient, fast, and cost-effective tool for eco-friendly analysis of soils and sediments. This work hypothesized that portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry combined with a pocket-sized (Nix™ Pro) color sensor and benchtop magnetic susceptibilimeter can produce substantial data for fast and clean characterization of iron-rich tailings. The objectives were to differentiate impacted and non-impacted areas (soils and sediments) based on proximal sensors data, and to predict attributes of agronomic and environmental importance. A total of 148 composite samples were collected on totally impacted, partially impacted, and non-impacted areas (natural soils). The samples were analyzed via pXRF to obtain the total elemental composition; via Nix™ Pro color sensor to obtain the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) parameters; and assessed for magnetic susceptibility (MS). The same samples used for analyses via the aforementioned sensors were wet-digested (USEPA 3051a method) followed by ICP-OES quantification of potentially toxic elements. Principal component analysis was performed to differentiate impacted and non-impacted areas. The pXRF data alone or combined with other sensors were used to predict soil agronomic properties and semi-total concentration of potentially toxic elements via random forest regression. For that, samples were randomly separated into modeling (70%) and validation (30%) datasets. The pXRF proved to be an efficient method for rapid and eco-friendly characterization of iron-rich tailings, allowing a clear differentiation of impacted and non-impacted areas. Also, important soil agronomic properties (clay, cation exchange capacity, soil organic carbon, pH and macronutrients availability) and semi-total concentrations of Ba, Pb, Cr, V, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, and Li were accurately predicted (based upon the lowest RMSE and highest R2 and RPD values). Sensor data fusion (pXRF + Nix Pro + MS) slightly improved the accuracy of predictions. This work highlights iron-rich tailings from the Fundão dam failure can be in detail characterized via pXRF ex situ, providing a secure basis for complementary studies in situ aiming at identify contaminated hot spots, digital mapping of soil and properties variability, and embasing pedological, agricultural and environmental purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renata Andrade
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200000, Brazil
| | - Aline Oliveira Silva
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernanda Magno Silva
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - David C Weindorf
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Nilton Curi
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200000, Brazil
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Zheng H, Chen X, Jiang S, Sun L. How does health information seeking from different online sources trigger cyberchondria? The roles of online information overload and information trust. Inf Process Manag 2023; 60:103364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2023.103364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Walsh A, Russell AG, Weaver AM, Moyer J, Wyatt L, Ward-Caviness CK. Associations between source-apportioned PM(2.5) and 30-day readmissions in heart failure patients. Environ Res 2023; 228:115839. [PMID: 37024035 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution exposure is a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality, especially for those with pre-existing chronic disease. Previous studies highlighted the risks that long-term particulate matter exposure has for readmissions. However, few studies have evaluated source and component specific associations particularly among vulnerable patient populations. OBJECTIVES Use electronic health records from 5556 heart failure (HF) patients diagnosed between July 5, 2004 and December 31, 2010 that were part of the EPA CARES resource in conjunction with modeled source-specific fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to estimate the association between exposure to source and component apportioned PM2.5 at the time of HF diagnosis and 30-day readmissions. METHODS We used zero-inflated mixed effects Poisson models with a random intercept for zip code to model associations while adjusting for age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, race, sex, smoking status, and neighborhood socioeconomic status. We undertook several sensitivity analyses to explore the impact of geocoding precision and other factors on associations and expressed associations per interquartile range increase in exposures. RESULTS We observed associations between 30-day readmissions and an interquartile range increase in gasoline- (16.9% increase; 95% confidence interval = 4.8%, 30.4%) and diesel-derived PM2.5 (9.9% increase; 95% confidence interval = 1.7%, 18.7%), and the secondary organic carbon component of PM2.5 (SOC; 20.4% increase; 95% confidence interval = 8.3%, 33.9%). Associations were stable in sensitivity analyses, and most consistently observed among Black study participants, those in lower income areas, and those diagnosed with HF at an earlier age. Concentration-response curves indicated a linear association for diesel and SOC. While there was some non-linearity in the gasoline concentration-response curve, only the linear component was associated with 30-day readmissions. DISCUSSION There appear to be source specific associations between PM2.5 and 30-day readmissions particularly for traffic-related sources, potentially indicating unique toxicity of some sources for readmission risks that should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleah Walsh
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Armistead G Russell
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne M Weaver
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joshua Moyer
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lauren Wyatt
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cavin K Ward-Caviness
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Lucash MS, Marshall AM, Weiss SA, Mcnabb JW, Nicolsky DJ, Flerchinger GN, Link TE, Vogel JG, Scheller RM, Abramoff RZ, Romanovsky VE. Burning trees in frozen soil: Simulating fire, vegetation, soil, and hydrology in the boreal forests of Alaska. Ecol Modell 2023; 481:110367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] |