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Li Y, Xue J, Ma Y, Ye K, Zhao X, Ge F, Zheng F, Liu L, Gao X, Wang D, Xia Q. The complex roles of m 6 A modifications in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal and implications for memory and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1582-1598. [PMID: 38845217 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A), the most prevalent and conserved RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, profoundly influences virtually all aspects of mRNA metabolism. mRNA plays crucial roles in neural stem cell genesis and neural regeneration, where it is highly concentrated and actively involved in these processes. Changes in m 6 A modification levels and the expression levels of related enzymatic proteins can lead to neurological dysfunction and contribute to the development of neurological diseases. Furthermore, the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, as well as nerve regeneration, are intimately linked to memory function and neurodegenerative diseases. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the roles of m 6 A in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, as well as its implications in memory and neurodegenerative diseases. m 6 A has demonstrated divergent effects on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. These observed contradictions may arise from the time-specific nature of m 6 A and its differential impact on neural stem cells across various stages of development. Similarly, the diverse effects of m 6 A on distinct types of memory could be attributed to the involvement of specific brain regions in memory formation and recall. Inconsistencies in m 6 A levels across different models of neurodegenerative disease, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, suggest that these disparities are linked to variations in the affected brain regions. Notably, the opposing changes in m 6 A levels observed in Parkinson's disease models exposed to manganese compared to normal Parkinson's disease models further underscore the complexity of m 6 A's role in neurodegenerative processes. The roles of m 6 A in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, and its implications in memory and neurodegenerative diseases, appear contradictory. These inconsistencies may be attributed to the time-specific nature of m 6 A and its varying effects on distinct brain regions and in different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuejia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ke Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fangliang Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Feifei Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Basic Medical Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Genetically Modified Animals, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Kabatas S, Civelek E, Savrunlu EC, Karaaslan U, Yıldız Ö, Karaöz E. Advances in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. World J Methodol 2025; 15:95857. [DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.95857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multifaceted origins. In recent studies, neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation have come to the forefront in its pathogenesis. There are studies suggesting that stem cell therapy may be effective in the treatment of ASD.
AIM To evolve the landscape of ASD treatment, focusing on the potential benefits and safety of stem cell transplantation.
METHODS A detailed case report is presented, displaying the positive outcomes observed in a child who underwent intrathecal and intravenous Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) transplantation combined with neurorehabilitation.
RESULTS The study demonstrates a significant improvement in the child’s functional outcomes (Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Denver 2 Developmental Screening Test), especially in language and gross motor skills. No serious side effects were encountered during the 2-year follow-up.
CONCLUSION The findings support the safety and effectiveness of WJ-MSC transplantation in managing ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Kabatas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
- Department of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences Marmara University, Istanbul 34865, Türkiye
- Center for Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research and Practice, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
| | - Erdinç Civelek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
- Department of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences Marmara University, Istanbul 34865, Türkiye
| | - Eyüp Can Savrunlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
| | - Umut Karaaslan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Yıldız
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli 41001, Türkiye
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing, Liv Hospital, Istanbul 34340, Türkiye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 34010, Türkiye
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, Istinye University, Istanbul 34340, Türkiye
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Zhang X, Chen Z, Xiong Y, Zhou Q, Zhu LQ, Liu D. The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:402-415. [PMID: 38819044 PMCID: PMC11317957 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
With an increase in global aging, the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing, and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic rate. However, few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia patients. Similarly in Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders, synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive decline. Nitric oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system. Recently, nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. This review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular dementia. Additionally, we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yinyi Xiong
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Olaya AMS, Almeida FM, Martinez AMB, Marques SA. Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:343-353. [PMID: 38819038 PMCID: PMC11317961 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic functions, which almost always produces permanent physical disability. Thus, in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years, which are not entirely efficient, researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach, seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord injury. Each of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and, consequently, boosting functional recovery. Although the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents, there is increasing recognition of the importance, and need, of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in humans. This article is a literature review from databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, Scielo, Redalyc, Cochrane, and NCBI) from 10 years ago to date, using keywords (spinal cord injury, cell therapy, non-human primates, humans, and bioengineering in spinal cord injury). From 110 retrieved articles, after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were analyzed. Thus, this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans, aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Milena Silva Olaya
- PhD Program in Pathological Anatomy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria Blanco Martinez
- Graduate Program in Pathological Anatomy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suelen Adriani Marques
- Graduate Program in Pathological Anatomy (PPGAP/UFRJ), Department of Neurobiology/Institute of Biology, Campus do Gragoatá, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hashemi M, Mohandesi Khosroshahi E, Asadi S, Tanha M, Ghatei Mohseni F, Abdolmohammad Sagha R, Taheri E, Vazayefi P, Shekarriz H, Habibi F, Mortazi S, Khorrami R, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Rahimzadeh P, Entezari M. Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in modulating the PI3K/Akt pathway in cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2025; 10:1-15. [PMID: 39296640 PMCID: PMC11406677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression results from the dysregulation of molecular pathways, each with unique features that can either promote or inhibit tumor growth. The complexity of carcinogenesis makes it challenging for researchers to target all pathways in cancer therapy, emphasizing the importance of focusing on specific pathways for targeted treatment. One such pathway is the PI3K/Akt pathway, which is often overexpressed in cancer. As tumor cells progress, the expression of PI3K/Akt increases, further driving cancer advancement. This study aims to explore how ncRNAs regulate the expression of PI3K/Akt. NcRNAs are found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, and their functions vary depending on their location. They can bind to the promoters of PI3K or Akt, either reducing or increasing their expression, thus influencing tumorigenesis. The ncRNA/PI3K/Akt axis plays a crucial role in determining cell proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and even chemoresistance and radioresistance in human cancers. Anti-tumor compounds can target ncRNAs to modulate the PI3K/Akt axis. Moreover, ncRNAs can regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway both directly and indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Tanha
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Forough Ghatei Mohseni
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramina Abdolmohammad Sagha
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Taheri
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Vazayefi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helya Shekarriz
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Habibi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Mortazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Independent Researchers, Victoria, British Columbia, V8V 1P7, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payman Rahimzadeh
- Surgical Research Society (SRS), Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Raza S, Siddiqui JA, Srivastava A, Chattopadhyay N, Sinha RA, Chakravarti B. Autophagy as a Therapeutic Target in Breast Tumors: The Cancer stem cell perspective. AUTOPHAGY REPORTS 2024; 3:27694127.2024.2358648. [PMID: 39006309 PMCID: PMC7616179 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2024.2358648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, with a subpopulation of tumor cells known as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) with self-renewal and differentiation abilities that play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex area where diverse cancer cells reside creating a highly interactive environment with secreted factors, and the extracellular matrix. Autophagy, a cellular self-digestion process, influences dynamic cellular processes in the tumor TME integrating diverse signals that regulate tumor development and heterogeneity. Autophagy acts as a double-edged sword in the breast TME, with both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing roles. Autophagy promotes breast tumorigenesis by regulating tumor cell survival, migration and invasion, metabolic reprogramming, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). BCSCs harness autophagy to maintain stemness properties, evade immune surveillance, and resist therapeutic interventions. Conversely, excessive, or dysregulated autophagy may lead to BCSC differentiation or cell death, offering a potential avenue for therapeutic exploration. The molecular mechanisms that regulate autophagy in BCSCs including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMPK, and Beclin-1 signaling pathways may be potential targets for pharmacological intervention in breast cancer. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between autophagy and BCSCs, highlighting recent advancements in our understanding of their interplay. We also discuss the current state of autophagy-targeting agents and their preclinical and clinical development in BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Raza
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Anubhav Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Rohit Anthony Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Bandana Chakravarti
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow226014, India
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Khosroshahi PA, Ghanbari M. MicroRNA dysregulation in glutamate and dopamine pathways of schizophrenia: From molecular pathways to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 135:111081. [PMID: 39002925 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder, and genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in its development. Dysregulated glutamatergic and dopaminergic transmission pathways are involved in schizophrenia development. Besides genetic mutations, epigenetic dysregulation has a considerable role in dysregulating molecular pathways involved in schizophrenia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that target specific mRNAs and inhibit their translation into proteins. As epigenetic factors, miRNAs regulate many genes involved in glutamate and dopamine signaling pathways; thereby, their dysregulation can contribute to the development of schizophrenia. Secretion of specific miRNAs from damaged cells into body fluids can make them one of the ideal non-invasive biomarkers in the early diagnosis of schizophrenia. Also, understanding the molecular mechanisms of miRNAs in schizophrenia pathogenesis can pave the way for developing novel treatments for patients with schizophrenia. In this study, we reviewed the glutamatergic and dopaminergic pathophysiology and highlighted the role of miRNA dysregulation in schizophrenia development. Besides, we shed light on the significance of circulating miRNAs for schizophrenia diagnosis and the recent findings on the miRNA-based treatment for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Ghanbari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Wong YS, Mançanares AC, Navarrete F, Poblete P, Mendez-Pérez L, Cabezas J, Riadi G, Rodríguez-Alvarez L, Castro FO. Extracellular vesicles secreted by equine adipose mesenchymal stem cells preconditioned with transforming growth factor β-1 are enriched in anti-fibrotic miRNAs and inhibit the expression of fibrotic genes in an in vitro system of endometrial stromal cells fibrosis. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-11. [PMID: 39086189 PMCID: PMC11295685 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2384906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mare endometrosis is a major reproductive problem associated with low fertility and is characterized by persistent inflammation, TGFβ-1 signaling, and consequently, extracellular matrix deposition, which compromises endometrial glands. Mesenchymal stem cell-based products (MSCs), such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), have gained attention due to the regulatory effects exerted by their miRNA cargo. Here, we evaluated the impact of preconditioning equine adipose mesenchymal stem cells with TGFβ-1 for short or long periods on the anti-fibrotic properties of secreted extracellular vesicles. MSCs were isolated from six healthy horses and exposed to TGFβ-1 for 4, 24, and 0 h. The expression of anti-fibrotic and pro-fibrotic miRNAs and mRNAs in treated cells and miRNAs in the cargo of secreted extracellular vesicles was measured. The resulting EVs were added for 48 h to endometrial stromal cells previously induced to a fibrotic status. The expression of anti-fibrotic and pro-fibrotic genes and miRNAs was evaluated in said cells using qPCR and next-generation sequencing. Preconditioning MSCs with TGFβ-1 for 4 h enriched the anti-fibrotic miRNAs (mir29c, mir145, and mir200) in cells and EVs. Conversely, preconditioning the cells for 24 h leads to a pro-fibrotic phenotype overexpressing mir192 and mir433. This finding might have implications for developing an EV-based protocol to treat endometrial fibrosis in mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yat Sen Wong
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Ana Carolina Mançanares
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Felipe Navarrete
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Pamela Poblete
- Ph.D. Program on Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Lídice Mendez-Pérez
- Ph.D. Program on Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Joel Cabezas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Riadi
- Center for Bioinformatics Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Fidel Ovidio Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
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Zhu J, Li W. Role of metabolites in mediating the effect of triacylglycerol on aplastic anemia. Hematology 2024; 29:2379178. [PMID: 39017035 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2379178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have found a link between lipid metabolism disorders and aplastic anemia (AA). However, due to confounding variables and reverse causation, it is difficult to conclude such a causal link. The precise mechanism and potential implications of lipid metabolism disorder in AA remain unclear, necessitating further studies in this area. METHOD This study aimed to examine the causal relationship between 38 different subtypes of triacylglycerols and AA using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Additionally, two-step MR analyses were conducted to investigate the mediating effects of vitamin A to oleoyl-linoleoyl-glycerol (18:1-18:2) ratio. RESULTS MR analysis showed that triacylglycerol (53:3) levels were positively associated with the risk of AA [inverse variance weighting (IVW): odds ratio (OR) = 1.131,95% confidence interval (CI):1.029-1.243, P = 0.011; Bayesian weighted MR (BWMR): OR = 1.137,95% CI:1.031-1.254, P = 0.010]. Triacylglycerol (53:3) level showed no inverse causality with AA (IVW:P = 0.834; BWMR:P = 0.349). Mediation analyses showed that increasing the vitamin A to oleoyl-linoleoyl-glycerol (18:1-18:2) ratio can decrease the risk of AA. CONCLUSION This study revealed the association between vitamin A to oleoyl-linoleoyl-glycerol (18:1-18:2) ratio, triacylglycerol (53:3) levels and AA, and indicated that lowering triacylglycerol (53:3) levels can reduce the risk of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkui Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Ghiasi M, Kheirandish Zarandi P, Dayani A, Salimi A, Shokri E. Potential therapeutic effects and nano-based delivery systems of mesenchymal stem cells and their isolated exosomes to alleviate acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by COVID-19. Regen Ther 2024; 27:319-328. [PMID: 38650667 PMCID: PMC11035022 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe respiratory effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have necessitated the immediate development of novel treatments. The majority of COVID-19-related fatalities are due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Consequently, this virus causes massive and aberrant inflammatory conditions, which must be promptly managed. Severe respiratory disorders, notably ARDS and acute lung injury (ALI), may be treated safely and effectively using cell-based treatments, mostly employing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Since the high potential of these cells was identified, a great deal of research has been conducted on their use in regenerative medicine and complementary medicine. Multiple investigations have demonstrated that MSCs and their products, especially exosomes, inhibit inflammation. Exosomes serve a critical function in intercellular communication by transporting molecular cargo from donor cells to receiver cells. MSCs and their derived exosomes (MSCs/MSC-exosomes) may improve lung permeability, microbial and alveolar fluid clearance, and epithelial and endothelial repair, according to recent studies. This review focuses on COVID-19-related ARDS clinical studies involving MSCs/MSC-exosomes. We also investigated the utilization of Nano-delivery strategies for MSCs/MSC-exosomes and anti-inflammatory agents to enhance COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ghiasi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abdolreza Dayani
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Shokri
- Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
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11
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Gao P, Kajiya M, Motoike S, Ikeya M, Yang J. Application of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in periodontal regeneration: Opportunities and challenges. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:95-108. [PMID: 38314143 PMCID: PMC10837070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been widely used in the periodontal treatment of intrabony and furcation defects for nearly four decades. The treatment outcomes have shown effectiveness in reducing pocket depth, improving attachment gain and bone filling in periodontal tissue. Although applying GTR could reconstruct the periodontal tissue, the surgical indications are relatively narrow, and some complications and race ethic problems bring new challenges. Therefore, it is challenging to achieve a consensus concerning the clinical benefits of GTR. With the appearance of stem cell-based regenerative medicine, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been considered a promising cell resource for periodontal regeneration. In this review, we highlight preclinical and clinical periodontal regeneration using MSCs derived from distinct origins, including non-odontogenic and odontogenic tissues and induced pluripotent stem cells, and discuss the transplantation procedures, therapeutic mechanisms, and concerns to evaluate the effectiveness of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of General Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Souta Motoike
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Makoto Ikeya
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jingmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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12
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Liang B, Chen X, Li M, Zhang L, Yang X, Shi L, Gong Y, Gong Y, Xu H, Wu X, Jin Z, Wang Y, Liu L, Yi X, Xie L, Zhong H, Shen C, Wang Y, Yang L. Liuwei Dihuang pills attenuate ovariectomy-induced bone loss by alleviating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) senescence via the Yes-associated protein (YAP)-autophagy axis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:42-52. [PMID: 38112463 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2291675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liuwei Dihuang pill (LWDH) has been used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). OBJECTIVE To explore the effects and mechanisms of action of LWDH in PMOP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated (SHAM), ovariectomized (OVX), LWDH high dose (LWDH-H, 1.6 g/kg/d) and LWDH low dose (LWDH-L, 0.8 g/kg/d); the doses were administered after ovariectomy via gavage for eight weeks. After eight weeks, the bone microarchitecture was evaluated. The effect of LWDH on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was assessed via osteogenesis- and lipogenesis-induced BMSC differentiation. The senescence-related biological indices were also detected using senescence staining, cell cycle analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Finally, the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and Yes-associated protein (YAP) were evaluated. RESULTS LWDH-L and LWDH-H significantly modified OVX-induced bone loss. LWDH promoted osteogenesis and inhibited adipogenesis in OVX-BMSCs. Additionally, LWDH decreased the positive ratio of senescence OVX-BMSCs and improved cell viability, cell cycle, and the mRNA and protein levels of p53 and p21. LWDH upregulated the expression of autophagy-related proteins, LC3, Beclin1 and YAP, in OVX-BMSCs and downregulated the expression of p62. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS LWDH improves osteoporosis by delaying the BMSC senescence through the YAP-autophagy axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiongbin Chen
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangqin Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luwei Liu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Yi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lushuang Xie
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongyang Shen
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Llewellyn J, Baratam R, Culig L, Beerman I. Cellular stress and epigenetic regulation in adult stem cells. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302083. [PMID: 39348938 PMCID: PMC11443024 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a unique class of cells that possess the ability to differentiate and self-renew, enabling them to repair and replenish tissues. To protect and maintain the potential of stem cells, the cells and the environment surrounding these cells (stem cell niche) are highly responsive and tightly regulated. However, various stresses can affect the stem cells and their niches. These stresses are both systemic and cellular and can arise from intrinsic or extrinsic factors which would have strong implications on overall aging and certain disease states. Therefore, understanding the breadth of drivers, namely epigenetic alterations, involved in cellular stress is important for the development of interventions aimed at maintaining healthy stem cells and tissue homeostasis. In this review, we summarize published findings of epigenetic responses to replicative, oxidative, mechanical, and inflammatory stress on various types of adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Llewellyn
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rithvik Baratam
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luka Culig
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Isabel Beerman
- https://ror.org/049v75w11 Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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14
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Yang S, Zhu Y, Ji C, Zhu H, Lao A, Zhao R, Hu Y, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Lin K, Xu Y. A five-in-one novel MOF-modified injectable hydrogel with thermo-sensitive and adhesive properties for promoting alveolar bone repair in periodontitis: Antibacterial, hemostasis, immune reprogramming, pro-osteo-/angiogenesis and recruitment. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:239-256. [PMID: 39149594 PMCID: PMC11324614 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by plaque that destroys the alveolar bone tissues, resulting in tooth loss. Poor eradication of pathogenic microorganisms, persistent malignant inflammation and impaired osteo-/angiogenesis are currently the primary challenges to control disease progression and rebuild damaged alveolar bone. However, existing treatments for periodontitis fail to comprehensively address these issues. Herein, an injectable composite hydrogel (SFD/CS/ZIF-8@QCT) encapsulating quercetin-modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8@QCT) is developed. This hydrogel possesses thermo-sensitive and adhesive properties, which can provide excellent flowability and post-injection stability, resist oral fluid washout as well as achieve effective tissue adhesion. Inspirationally, it is observed that SFD/CS/ZIF-8@QCT exhibits a rapid localized hemostatic effect following implantation, and then by virtue of the sustained release of zinc ions and quercetin exerts excellent collective functions including antibacterial, immunomodulation, pro-osteo-/angiogenesis and pro-recruitment, ultimately facilitating excellent alveolar bone regeneration. Notably, our study also demonstrates that the inhibition of osteo-/angiogenesis of PDLSCs under the periodontitis is due to the strong inhibition of energy metabolism as well as the powerful activation of oxidative stress and autophagy, whereas the synergistic effects of quercetin and zinc ions released by SFD/CS/ZIF-8@QCT are effective in reversing these biological processes. Overall, our study presents innovative insights into the advancement of biomaterials to regenerate alveolar bone in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Yang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiao Ji
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - An Lao
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuning Zhou
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanjin Xu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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15
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Liu B, Wei Y. Urolithin A attenuates bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by regulating the SIRT1-activated PI3K/AKT pathway. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:1485-1492. [PMID: 38587058 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Urolithin A (UroA) is well-recognized for its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory potentials and has been proven to have neuroprotective effects. Nevertheless, the potential of UroA on bupivacaine (BUP)-induced neurotoxicity has never been reported. Using SH-SY5Y cells to establish a cell model, it was revealed that BUP stimulated cell viability reduction, LDH release increase, and suppression of SIRT1-activated PI3K/AKT signaling in SH-SY5Y cells, whereas UroA treatment caused an effective abrogation of the effects of BUP. Besides, SIRT1 overexpression caused an enhancement in the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling in BUP and UroA co-treated cells, indicating that SIRT1 mediated the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling. Moreover, UroA inhibited BUP-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses in SH-SY5Y cells. However, the effects of UroA on BUP-induced neurotoxicity were all abated by inhibiting SIRT1 or PI3K/AKT signaling through EX527 or LY294002. In conclusion, UroA protected SH-SY5Y cells against BUP-induced injuries through PI3K/AKT signaling in a SIRT1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University (Wujin School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University (Wujin School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
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16
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Wang S, He Q, Qu Y, Yin W, Zhao R, Wang X, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Emerging strategies for nerve repair and regeneration in ischemic stroke: neural stem cell therapy. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2430-2443. [PMID: 38526280 PMCID: PMC11090435 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with limited treatment options available in clinical practice. The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided new hope to the field of stroke treatment via the restoration of brain neuron function. Exogenous neural stem cells are beneficial not only in cell replacement but also through the bystander effect. Neural stem cells regulate multiple physiological responses, including nerve repair, endogenous regeneration, immune function, and blood-brain barrier permeability, through the secretion of bioactive substances, including extracellular vesicles/exosomes. However, due to the complex microenvironment of ischemic cerebrovascular events and the low survival rate of neural stem cells following transplantation, limitations in the treatment effect remain unresolved. In this paper, we provide a detailed summary of the potential mechanisms of neural stem cell therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke, review current neural stem cell therapeutic strategies and clinical trial results, and summarize the latest advancements in neural stem cell engineering to improve the survival rate of neural stem cells. We hope that this review could help provide insight into the therapeutic potential of neural stem cells and guide future scientific endeavors on neural stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siji Wang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qianyan He
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhao
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xuyutian Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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17
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Zarzycki AN, Patel VB, Fedak PWM. Current concepts in the epigenetic regulation of cardiac fibrosis. Cardiovasc Pathol 2024; 73:107673. [PMID: 38996851 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a significant driver of congestive heart failure, a syndrome that continues to affect a growing patient population globally. Cardiac fibrosis results from a constellation of complex processes at the transcription, receptor, and signaling axes levels. Various mediators and signaling cascades, such as the transformation growth factor-beta pathway, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiac tissue fibrosis. Our understanding of these markers and pathways has improved in recent years as more advanced technologies and assays have been developed, allowing for better delineation of the crosstalk between specific factors. There is mounting evidence suggesting that epigenetic modulation plays a pivotal role in the progression of cardiac fibrosis. Transcriptional regulation of key pro- and antifibrotic pathways can accentuate or blunt the rate and extent of fibrosis at the tissue level. Exosomes, micro-RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs all belong to factors that can impact the epigenetic signature in cardiac fibrosis. Herein, we comprehensively review the latest literature about exosomes, their contents, and cardiac fibrosis. In doing so, we highlight the specific transcriptional factors with pro- or antifibrotic properties. We also assimilate the data supporting these mediators' potential utility as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Finally, we offer insight into where further work can be done to fill existing gaps to translate preclinical findings better and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna N Zarzycki
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vaibhav B Patel
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul W M Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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18
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Sankar D, Oviya IR. Multidisciplinary approaches to study anaemia with special mention on aplastic anaemia (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 54:95. [PMID: 39219286 PMCID: PMC11410310 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaemia is a common health problem worldwide that disproportionately affects vulnerable groups, such as children and expectant mothers. It has a variety of underlying causes, some of which are genetic. A comprehensive strategy combining physical examination, laboratory testing (for example, a complete blood count), and molecular tools for accurate identification is required for diagnosis. With nearly 400 varieties of anaemia, accurate diagnosis remains a challenging task. Red blood cell abnormalities are largely caused by genetic factors, which means that a thorough understanding requires interpretation at the molecular level. As a result, precision medicine has become a key paradigm, utilising artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, such as deep learning and machine learning, to improve prognostic evaluation, treatment prediction, and diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, exploring the immunomodulatory role of vitamin D along with biomarker‑based molecular techniques offers promising avenues for insight into anaemia's pathophysiology. The intricacy of aplastic anaemia makes it particularly noteworthy as a topic deserving of concentrated molecular research. Given the complexity of anaemia, an integrated strategy integrating clinical, laboratory, molecular, and AI techniques shows a great deal of promise. Such an approach holds promise for enhancing global anaemia management options in addition to advancing our understanding of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sankar
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 601103, India
| | - Iyyappan Ramalakshmi Oviya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 601103, India
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19
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Lavudi K, Nuguri SM, Pandey P, Kokkanti RR, Wang QE. ALDH and cancer stem cells: Pathways, challenges, and future directions in targeted therapy. Life Sci 2024; 356:123033. [PMID: 39222837 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Human ALDH comprise 19 subfamilies in which ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3, ALDH3A1, ALDH5A1, ALDH7A1, and ALDH18A1 are implicated in CSC. Studies have shown that ALDH can also be involved in drug resistance and standard chemotherapy regimens are ineffective in treating patients at the stage of disease recurrence. Existing chemotherapeutic drugs eliminate the bulk of tumors but are usually not effective against CSC which express ALDH+ population. Henceforth, targeting ALDH is convincing to treat the patient's post-relapse. Combination therapies that interlink signaling mechanisms seem promising to increase the overall disease-free survival rate. Therefore, targeting ALDH through ALDH inhibitors along with immunotherapies may create a novel platform for translational research. This review aims to fill in the gap between ALDH1 family members in relation to its cell signaling mechanisms, highlighting their potential as molecular targets to sensitize recurrent tumors and bring forward the future development concerning the current progress and draw backs. This review summarizes the role of cancer stem cells and their upregulation by maintaining the tumor microenvironment in which ALDH is specifically highlighted. It discusses the regulation of ALDH family proteins and the crosstalk between ALDH and CSC in relation to cancer metabolism. Furthermore, it establishes the correlation between ALDH involved signaling mechanisms and their specific targeted inhibitors, as well as their functional modularity, bioavailability, and mechanistic role in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousalya Lavudi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Shreya Madhav Nuguri
- Department of Food science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Prashant Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - Qi-En Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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20
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Semerci Sevimli T, Ghorbani A, Demir Cevizlidere B, Altuğ B, Sevimli M. Boric Acid Affects the Expression of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Factors in A549 Cells and A549 Cancer Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:5017-5024. [PMID: 38367174 PMCID: PMC11442501 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair genes interact with tumor stemness- and resistance-associated processes in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Therefore, targeting DNA DSB genes in cancer treatment is important for the CSC phenotype. Although the anti-cancer effect of boric acid (BA) has been studied, its effect on DNA DSB is unclear. Moreover, no studies investigate BA's effects on DNA DSB of lung cancer stem cells (LC-SCs). To fill the gap, we aimed to assess the effects of BA on A549 cancer stem cells. CSCs were isolated from human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549) and characterized by flow cytometry. Different concentrations of BA (at doses ranging from 1 to 100 mM) were applied to cancer stem cells. Cytotoxic activities were determined using the cell viability assay (MTT assay) at 24 and 48 h. Expression levels of DNA DSB genes that BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, KU70/80, ATM, and XRCC4 were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining analysis was exploited for caspase-3 and E-cadherin. ATM expression increased significantly (p < 0.001). No significant change was observed in the expression of other genes. Moreover, BA up-regulated caspase-3 and E-cadherin expression. Consequently, we can say that BA affects DNA DSB and the apoptotic abilities of LC-SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Semerci Sevimli
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey.
| | - Aynaz Ghorbani
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey
| | - Bahar Demir Cevizlidere
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey
| | - Burcugül Altuğ
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey
| | - Murat Sevimli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Wang D, Xu L, Liu Y, Wang C, Qi S, Li Z, Bai X, Liao Y, Wang Y. Role of mesenchymal stem cells in sepsis and their therapeutic potential in sepsis‑associated myopathy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 54:92. [PMID: 39219272 PMCID: PMC11374154 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis‑induced myopathy (SIM) is one of the leading causes of death in critically ill patients. SIM mainly involves the respiratory and skeletal muscles of patients, resulting in an increased risk of lung infection, aggravated respiratory failure, and prolonged mechanical ventilation and hospital stay. SIM is also an independent risk factor associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients. At present, no effective treatment for SIM has yet been established. However, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach and have been utilized in the treatment of various clinical conditions. A significant body of basic and clinical research supports the efficacy of MSCs in managing sepsis and muscle‑related diseases. This literature review aims to explore the relationship between MSCs and sepsis, as well as their impact on skeletal muscle‑associated diseases. Additionally, the present review discusses the potential mechanisms and therapeutic benefits of MSCs in the context of SIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Wang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ligang Xu
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Chuntao Wang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Qi
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yiliu Liao
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yuchang Wang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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22
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Aschner M, Skalny AV, Santamaria A, Rocha JBT, Mansouri B, Tizabi Y, Madeddu R, Lu R, Lee E, Tinkov AA. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Aluminum-Induced Neurotoxicity and Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Non-Coding RNAs. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2988-3005. [PMID: 39060769 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is known to induce neurotoxic effects, potentially contributing to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic modification may contribute to Al neurotoxicity, although the mechanisms are still debatable. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to summarize existing data on the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in Al-induced neurotoxicity, especially AD-type pathology. Existing data demonstrate that Al exposure induces disruption in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression in brains. Alterations in DNA methylation following Al exposure were shown to be mediated by changes in expression and activity of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and ten-eleven translocation proteins (TETs). Al exposure was shown to reduce histone acetylation by up-regulating expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and impair histone methylation, ultimately contributing to down-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. Neurotoxic effects of Al exposure were also associated with aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs, especially microRNAs (miR). Al-induced patterns of miR expression were involved in development of AD-type pathology by increasing amyloid β (Aβ) production through up-regulation of Aβ precursor protein (APP) and β secretase (BACE1) expression (down-regulation of miR-29a/b, miR-101, miR-124, and Let-7c expression), increasing in neuroinflammation through NF-κB signaling (up-regulation of miR-9, miR-125b, miR-128, and 146a), as well as modulating other signaling pathways. Furthermore, reduced global DNA methylation, altered histone modification, and aberrant miRNA expression were associated with cognitive decline in Al-exposed subjects. However, further studies are required to evaluate the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to Al-induced neurotoxicity and/or AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str. 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2-4, Moscow, 119146, Russia
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología y Nanomedicina, Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, 04960, Mexico
| | - Joao B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rongzu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Eunsook Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str. 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2-4, Moscow, 119146, Russia.
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23
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Huang H, Song X, Zhang J, Fan Y, Kong M, Zhang L, Hou H. Novel collagen gradient membranes with multiphasic structures: Preparation, characterization, and biocompatibility. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 243:114146. [PMID: 39173311 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Scaffolds with multiphasic structures are considered to be superior for guided tissue regeneration. Two types of tilapia skin collagen gradient membranes (stepped gradient and linear gradient) with multiphasic structures were prepared by controlling the collagen concentrations and the freezing rates. The results revealed that collagen gradient membranes were more capable of guiding tissue regeneration compared to homogeneous membranes. These two gradient membranes featured a dense outer layer and a loose inner layer, with good mechanical properties as indicated by tensile strengths of more than 250 Kpa and porosities exceeding 85 %. Additionally, these membranes also showed good hydrophilicity and water absorption, with an inner layer contact angle of less than 91° and a water absorption ratio greater than 40 times. Furthermore, the multiphasic scaffolds were proved to be biocompatible by the acute toxicity assay, the intradermal irritation test and so on. Gradient membranes could effectively promote the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts and osteoblasts, through elevating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway by TGF-β and Smads, and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by LRP5 and β-catenin, similar to homogenous membranes. Therefore, collagen gradient membranes from tilapia skin show important application value in guiding tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China
| | - Xue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China
| | - Yan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China; College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No.5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China.
| | - Ming Kong
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No.5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, PR China
| | - Hu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266237, PR China; Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, Hainan Province 572024, PR China.
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24
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Sarabia-Sánchez MA, Tinajero-Rodríguez JM, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Alvarado-Ortiz E. Cancer Stem Cell markers: Symphonic masters of chemoresistance and immune evasion. Life Sci 2024; 355:123015. [PMID: 39182567 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are highly tumorigenic, chemoresistant, and immune evasive. They emerge as a central driver that gives rise to the bulk of tumoral mass, modifies the tumor microenvironment (TME), and exploits it, leading to poor clinical outcomes for patients with cancer. The existence of CSCs thus accounts for the failure of conventional therapies and immune surveillance. Identifying CSCs in solid tumors remains a significant challenge in modern oncology, with the use of cell surface markers being the primary strategy for studying, isolating, and enriching these cells. In this review, we explore CSC markers, focusing on the underlying signaling pathways that drive CSC self-renewal, which simultaneously makes them intrinsically chemoresistant and immune system evaders. We comprehensively discuss the autonomous and non-autonomous functions of CSCs, with particular emphasis on their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, especially immune cells. This reciprocal network enhances CSCs malignancy while compromising the surrounding niche, ultimately defining therapeutic vulnerabilities associated with each CSC marker. The most common CSCs surface markers addressed in this review-CD44, CD133, ICAM1/CD54, and LGR5-provide insights into the interplay between chemoresistance and immune evasion, two critically important phenomena in disease eradication. This new perspective on the state-of-the-art of CSCs will undoubtedly open new avenues for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Sarabia-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - José Manuel Tinajero-Rodríguez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México; Tecnológico Nacional de México, Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Huixquilucan, México
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
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25
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Pérez-Cova M, Bedia C, Checa A, Meister I, Tauler R, Wheelock CE, Jaumot J. Metabolomic and sphingolipidomic profiling of human hepatoma cells exposed to widely used pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 249:116378. [PMID: 39074424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounds have become one of the main contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) due to their high usage and increased release into the environment. This study aims to assess the effects caused by three widely consumed hepatotoxic pharmaceutical compounds: an antibiotic (amoxicillin), an antiepileptic (carbamazepine), and an antidepressant (trazodone), on human health when indirectly exposed to toxicologically relevant concentrations (30, 15, and 7.5 μM for amoxicillin and carbamazepine, and 4, 2, and 1 μM for trazodone). A combination of semi-targeted metabolomic and targeted sphingolipid analyses was chosen to unravel the metabolic alterations in human hepatic cells exposed to these CECs at three concentrations for 24 h. HepG2 hepatoma cells were encapsulated in sodium alginate spheroids to improve the physiological relevance of this in vitro approach. Statistical analysis was used to identify the most affected metabolites and sphingolipids for each drug exposure. The results revealed small but significant changes in response to carbamazepine and trazodone exposures, affecting sphingolipid, glycerophospholipid precursors, and amino acid metabolism. Under both drug treatments, a decrease in various ceramide species (related to cell signaling) was observed, along with reduced taurine levels (related to the biosynthesis of bile acid conjugates) and carnitine levels (suggesting an impact on energy production). These and other drug-specific changes indicate that cellular functions in liver cells might be altered under low doses of these CECs, potentially affecting the health of other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Pérez-Cova
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona E08034, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 647, Barcelona, Barcelona E08028, Spain
| | - Carmen Bedia
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona E08034, Spain
| | - Antonio Checa
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Isabel Meister
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Romà Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona E08034, Spain
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141-86, Sweden
| | - Joaquim Jaumot
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona E08034, Spain.
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26
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Singh K, Jain D, Sethi P, Gupta JK, Tripathi AK, Kumar S, Sarker SD, Nahar L, Guru A. Emerging pharmacological approaches for Huntington's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 980:176873. [PMID: 39117264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive, motor, and psychiatric symptoms. Despite significant advances in understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of HD, there is currently no cure or disease-modifying treatment available. Emerging pharmacological approaches offer promising strategies to alleviate symptoms and slow down disease progression. This comprehensive review aims to provide a critical appraisal of the latest developments in pharmacological interventions for HD. The review begins by discussing the pathogenesis of HD, focusing on the role of mutant huntingtin protein, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, and neuro-inflammation. It then explores emerging therapeutic targets, including the modulation of protein homeostasis, mitochondrial function, neuro-inflammation, and neurotransmitter systems. Pharmacological agents targeting these pathways are discussed, including small molecules, gene-based therapies, and neuroprotective agents. In recent years, several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficiency of novel compounds for HD. This review presents an update on the outcomes of these trials, highlighting promising results and challenges encountered. Additionally, it discusses the potential of repurposing existing drugs approved for other indications as a cost-effective approach for HD treatment. The review concludes by summarizing the current state of pharmacological approaches for HD and outlining future directions in drug development. The integration of multiple therapeutic strategies, personalized medicine approaches, and combination therapies are highlighted as potential avenues to maximize treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Divya Jain
- Department of Microbiology, School of Applied & Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Pranshul Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jeetendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Arpan Kumar Tripathi
- Kamla Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Shankaracharya Professional University Bhilai Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shivendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Chow SKH, Gao Q, Pius A, Morita M, Ergul Y, Murayama M, Shinohara I, Cekuc MS, Ma C, Susuki Y, Goodman SB. The Advantages and Shortcomings of Stem Cell Therapy for Enhanced Bone Healing. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024. [PMID: 39311464 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2024.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the regenerative potential of key progenitor cell types and therapeutic strategies to improve healing of complex fractures and bone defects. We define, summarize, and discuss the differentiation potential of totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent stem cells, emphasizing the advantages and shortcomings of cell therapy for bone repair and regeneration. The fundamental role of mesenchymal stem cells is highlighted due to their multipotency to differentiate into the key lineage cells including osteoblasts, osteocytes, and chondrocytes, which are crucial for bone formation and remodeling. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) also play a significant role; immune cells such as macrophages and T-cells modulate inflammation and tissue repair. Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are important to bone remodeling. Vascular progenitor (VP) cells are critical to oxygen and nutrient supply. The dynamic interplay among these lineages and their microenvironment is essential for effective bone restoration. Therapies involving cells that are more than "minimally manipulated" are controversial and include embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). ESCs, derived from early-stage embryos, possess pluripotent capabilities and have shown promise in preclinical studies for bone healing. iPSCs, reprogrammed from somatic cells, offer personalized medicine applications and can differentiate into various tissue-specific cell lines. Minimally manipulative cell therapy approaches such as the use of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), exosomes, and various biomaterials for local delivery are explored for their effectiveness in bone regeneration. BMAC, which contains mostly immune cells but few mesenchymal and VPs, probably improves bone healing by facilitating paracrine-mediated intercellular communication. Exosome isolation harnesses the biological signals and cellular by-products that are a primary source for cell crosstalk and activation. Safe, efficacious, and cost-effective strategies to enhance bone healing using novel cellular therapies are part of a changing paradigm to modulate the inflammatory, repair, and regenerative pathways to achieve earlier more robust tissue healing and improved physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Alexa Pius
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mayu Morita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yasemin Ergul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Masatoshi Murayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Issei Shinohara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mehmet Sertac Cekuc
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yosuke Susuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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28
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Havelikar U, Ghorpade KB, Kumar A, Patel A, Singh M, Banjare N, Gupta PN. Comprehensive insights into mechanism of nanotoxicity, assessment methods and regulatory challenges of nanomedicines. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:165. [PMID: 39365367 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has the potential to transform healthcare by offering targeted therapies, precise diagnostics, and enhanced drug delivery systems. The National Institutes of Health has coined the term "nanomedicine" to describe the use of nanotechnology in biological system monitoring, control, diagnosis, and treatment. Nanomedicine continues to receive increasing interest for the rationalized delivery of therapeutics and pharmaceutical agents to achieve the required response while reducing its side effects. However, as nanotechnology continues to advance, concerns about its potential toxicological effects have also grown. This review explores the current state of nanomedicine, focusing on the types of nanoparticles used and their associated properties that contribute to nanotoxicity. It examines the mechanisms through which nanoparticles exert toxicity, encompassing various cellular and molecular interactions. Furthermore, it discusses the assessment methods employed to evaluate nanotoxicity, encompassing in-vitro and in-vivo models, as well as emerging techniques. The review also addresses the regulatory issues surrounding nanotoxicology, highlighting the challenges in developing standardized guidelines and ensuring the secure translation of nanomedicine into clinical settings. It also explores into the challenges and ethical issues associated with nanotoxicology, as understanding the safety profile of nanoparticles is essential for their effective translation into therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujwal Havelikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303121, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Kabirdas B Ghorpade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
| | - Akhilesh Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303121, India
| | - Manisha Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Nagma Banjare
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Prem N Gupta
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
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Dobner J, Diecke S, Krutmann J, Prigione A, Rossi A. Reassessment of marker genes in human induced pluripotent stem cells for enhanced quality control. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8547. [PMID: 39358374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52922-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have great potential in research, but pluripotency testing faces challenges due to non-standardized methods and ambiguous markers. Here, we use long-read nanopore transcriptome sequencing to discover 172 genes linked to cell states not covered by current guidelines. We validate 12 genes by qPCR as unique markers for specific cell fates: pluripotency (CNMD, NANOG, SPP1), endoderm (CER1, EOMES, GATA6), mesoderm (APLNR, HAND1, HOXB7), and ectoderm (HES5, PAMR1, PAX6). Using these genes, we develop a machine learning-based scoring system, "hiPSCore", trained on 15 iPSC lines and validated on 10 more. hiPSCore accurately classifies pluripotent and differentiated cells and predicts their potential to become specialized 2D cells and 3D organoids. Our re-evaluation of cell fate marker genes identifies key targets for future studies on cell fate assessment. hiPSCore improves iPSC testing by reducing time, subjectivity, and resource use, thus enhancing iPSC quality for scientific and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Dobner
- Genome Engineering and Model Development Lab (GEMD), IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Diecke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean Krutmann
- Genome Engineering and Model Development Lab (GEMD), IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Rossi
- Genome Engineering and Model Development Lab (GEMD), IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Zhou M, Yin X, Zhang L, Cui Z, Jiang X, Ji Q, Ma S, Chen C. RNA-Binding Protein Lin28B Promotes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Blast Crisis by Transcriptionally Upregulating miR-181d. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:932-942. [PMID: 38847604 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
The blast crisis (BC) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has poor efficacy against existing treatments and extremely short survival. However, the molecular mechanism of CML-chronic phase (CP) transformation to CML-BC is not yet fully understood. Here, we show that Lin28B, an RNA-binding protein, acted as an activator enhancing the transformation to CML-BC by mediating excessive cell proliferation. The level of Lin28B expression was apparently elevated in patients with CML-BC compared with newly diagnosed patients with CML-CP. The overexpression of Lin28B promoted the proliferation of leukemia cells. Mechanistically, we identified Lin28B as a DNA-binding protein by binding to the promoter region of miR-181d and upregulating its expression, which inhibited the expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) by binding to the PDCD4 3'UTR region, thereby enhancing the proliferation of CML cells. Overall, the "Lin28B-miR-181d-PDCD4" regulatory axis promoted CML blast crisis. Implications: Our findings highlight the oncogenic role of Lin28B in CML blast crisis, acting as a DNA-binding protein that transcriptionally upregulates miR-181d expression.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Blast Crisis/pathology
- Blast Crisis/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Mice
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Animals
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
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Affiliation(s)
- Minran Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Zelong Cui
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Xinwen Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Qingli Ji
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
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Song HH, Choi H, Kim S, Kim HG, An S, Kim S, Jang H. Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot regulates cell proliferation and differentiation by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:481-494. [PMID: 39364144 PMCID: PMC11448352 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2409452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots have diverse biomedical applications, from constructing biological infrastructures like medical imaging to advancing pharmaceutical research. However, concerns about human health arise due to the toxic potential of quantum dots based on heavy metals. Therefore, research on quantum dots has predominantly focused on oxidative stress, cell death, and other broader bodily toxicities. This study investigated the toxicity and cellular responses of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and mouse adult stem cells (mASCs) to nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) made of non-metallic materials. Cells were exposed to NCQDs, and we utilized a fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell system to verify whether NCQDs induce cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we validated the differentiation-inducing impact of NCQDs by utilizing embryonic stem cells equipped with the Oct4 enhancer-GFP reporter system. By analyzing gene expression including Crebzf, Chop, and ATF6, we also observed that NCQDs robustly elicited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We confirmed that NCQDs induced cytotoxicity and abnormal differentiation. Interestingly, we also confirmed that low concentrations of NCQDs stimulated cell proliferation in both mESCs and mASCs. In conclusion, NCQDs modulate cell death, proliferation, and differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. Indiscriminate biological applications of NCQDs have the potential to cause cancer development by affecting normal cell division or to fail to induce normal differentiation by affecting embryonic development during pregnancy. Therefore, we propose that future biomedical applications of NCQDs necessitate comprehensive and diverse biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Hee Song
- Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Gyu Kim
- Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin An
- Department of Physics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of JBNU-KIST Industry-Academia Convergence Research, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Jang
- Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Quantabiom Co., Ltd., Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Qin B, Bao D, Liu Y, Zeng S, Deng K, Liu H, Fu S. Engineered exosomes: a promising strategy for tendon-bone healing. J Adv Res 2024; 64:155-169. [PMID: 37972886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the spatiotemporal complexity of the composition, structure, and cell population of the tendon-bone interface (TBI), it is difficult to achieve true healing. Recent research is increasingly focusing on engineered exosomes, which are a promising strategy for TBI regeneration. AIM OF REVIEW This review discusses the physiological and pathological characteristics of TBI and the application and limitations of natural exosomes in the field of tendon-bone healing. The definition, loading strategies, and spatiotemporal properties of engineered exosomes were elaborated. We also summarize the application and future research directions of engineered exosomes in the field of tendon-bone healing. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Engineered exosomes can spatially deliver cargo to targeted sites and temporally realize the sustained release of therapeutic molecules in TBI. This review expounds on the multidifferentiation of engineered exosomes for tendon-bone healing, which effectively improves the biological and biomechanical properties of TBI. Engineered exosomes could be a promising strategy for tendon-bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, China
| | - Dingsu Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, China
| | - Shengqiang Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, China.
| | - Shijie Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, China.
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Sojoudi K, Azizi H, Skutella T. A review of the potential of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived exosome as a novel treatment for male infertility. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:1353-1378. [PMID: 36951621 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2193772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are a subset of Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by most cells in the body and can play a significant role in the intercellular connection. Researchers today claim that exosomes secreted by induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) alone can play the same role as direct cell transplantation and, unlike iPSCs, do not lead to tumorigenesis. As a result, iPSC-derived exosomes (iPSC-Exos) have many applications in cell-free treatments and therapeutic effects on various diseases. Male infertility due to a defect or deficiency of spermatogonia to maintain spermatogenesis is one of the diseases that iPSC-Exos seems to be a new way to cure. However, the studies on the effect of iPSC-Exos on male infertility are very limited. In this review, we intend to provide a broader perspective on understanding the mechanisms of iPSC-Exos on spermatogenesis by collecting and reviewing some of the research conducted in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Sojoudi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Thomas Skutella
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Shimolina LE, Khlynova AE, Gulin AA, Elagin VV, Gubina MV, Bureev PA, Sherin PS, Kuimova MK, Shirmanova MV. Photodynamic therapy with Photoditazine increases microviscosity of cancer cells membrane in cellulo and in vivo. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 259:113007. [PMID: 39137702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.113007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive method for cancer treatment, one of the effects of which is the oxidation of membrane lipids. However, changes in biophysical properties of lipid membranes during PDT have been poorly explored. In this work, we investigated the effects of PDT on membrane microviscosity in cancer cells in the culture and tumor xenografts. Membrane microviscosity was visualized using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) with a viscosity-sensitive rotor BODIPY2. It was found that PDT using chlorine e6-based photosensitizer Photoditazine caused a quick, steady elevation of membrane microviscosity both in cellulo and in vivo. The proposed mechanisms responsible for the increase in microviscosity was lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen species that resulted in a decrease of phosphatidylcholine and the fraction of unsaturated fatty acids in the membranes. Our results suggest that the increased microviscosity is an important factor that contributes to tumor cell damage during PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov E Shimolina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksandra E Khlynova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksander A Gulin
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim V Elagin
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Margarita V Gubina
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel A Bureev
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Petr S Sherin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Marina K Kuimova
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Marina V Shirmanova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.
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Dakal TC, Bhushan R, Xu C, Gadi BR, Cameotra SS, Yadav V, Maciaczyk J, Schmidt‐Wolf IGH, Kumar A, Sharma A. Intricate relationship between cancer stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e710. [PMID: 39309691 PMCID: PMC11416093 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are widely acknowledged as the drivers of tumor initiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression, and metastasis. Originating from both hematologic and solid malignancies, CSCs exhibit quiescence, pluripotency, and self-renewal akin to normal stem cells, thus orchestrating tumor heterogeneity and growth. Through a dynamic interplay with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and intricate signaling cascades, CSCs undergo transitions from differentiated cancer cells, culminating in therapy resistance and disease recurrence. This review undertakes an in-depth analysis of the multifaceted mechanisms underlying cancer stemness and CSC-mediated resistance to therapy. Intrinsic factors encompassing the TME, hypoxic conditions, and oxidative stress, alongside extrinsic processes such as drug efflux mechanisms, collectively contribute to therapeutic resistance. An exploration into key signaling pathways, including JAK/STAT, WNT, NOTCH, and HEDGEHOG, sheds light on their pivotal roles in sustaining CSCs phenotypes. Insights gleaned from preclinical and clinical studies hold promise in refining drug discovery efforts and optimizing therapeutic interventions, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy, natural killer (NK) cell-mediated CSC-targeting and others. Ultimately use of cell sorting and single cell sequencing approaches for elucidating the fundamental characteristics and resistance mechanisms inherent in CSCs will enhance our comprehension of CSC and intratumor heterogeneity, which ultimately would inform about tailored and personalized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology LabDepartment of BiotechnologyMohanlal Sukhadia UniversityUdaipurRajasthanIndia
| | - Ravi Bhushan
- Department of ZoologyM.S. CollegeMotihariBiharIndia
| | - Caiming Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research InstituteCity of HopeMonroviaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bhana Ram Gadi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology LaboratoryDepartment of BotanyJai Narain Vyas UniversityJodhpurRajasthanIndia
| | | | - Vikas Yadav
- School of Life SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia
| | - Jarek Maciaczyk
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Ingo G. H. Schmidt‐Wolf
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO)Department of Integrated OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
- Institute of BioinformaticsInternational Technology ParkBangaloreIndia
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of BonnBonnGermany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO)Department of Integrated OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
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Jeyaraman N, Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Balaji S, Ramasubramanian S, Patro BP. Chondrogenic Potential of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Insights and Innovations. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:1349-1361. [PMID: 39324097 PMCID: PMC11420429 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-024-01239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Background The advent of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has introduced innovative approaches to treating degenerative and traumatic injuries, particularly in cartilage, a tissue with limited self-repair capabilities. Among the various stem cell sources, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) have garnered significant interest due to their non-invasive collection, minimal ethical concerns, and robust regenerative potential, particularly in cartilage regeneration. Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted using multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Search terms focused on "umbilical cordderived mesenchymal stromal cells," "chondrogenesis," "cartilage regeneration," and related topics. Studies published in the past two decades were included, with selection criteria emphasizing methodological rigor and relevance to UC-MSC chondrogenesis. The review synthesizes findings from various sources to provide a thorough analysis of the potential of UC-MSCs in cartilage tissue engineering. Results UC-MSCs exhibit significant chondrogenic potential, supported by their ability to differentiate into chondrocytes under specific conditions. Recent advancements include the development of biomaterial scaffolds and the application of genetic engineering techniques, such as CRISPR/Cas9, to enhance chondrogenic differentiation. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in standardizing cell isolation techniques, scaling up production for clinical use, and ensuring the long-term functionality of regenerated cartilage. Conclusion UC-MSCs offer a promising solution for cartilage regeneration in the field of regenerative medicine. Ongoing research is focused on overcoming current challenges through the use of advanced technologies, including bioreactors and gene editing. Collaborative efforts among researchers, clinicians, and bioengineers are essential to translating the potential of UC-MSCs into effective clinical therapies, which could significantly advance tissue regeneration and therapeutic innovation. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077 India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077 India
- VirginiaTech India, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600095 India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Group, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641045 India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Group, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641045 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641021 India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Karur Medical College, Tamil Nadu, Karur, 639004 India
| | - Sangeetha Balaji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600002 India
| | - Swaminathan Ramasubramanian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600002 India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Patro
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019 India
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Liu S, Zhao H, Jiang T, Wan G, Yan C, Zhang C, Yang X, Chen Z. The Angiogenic Repertoire of Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles: Demystifying the Molecular Underpinnings for Wound Healing Applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1795-1812. [PMID: 39001965 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles (SC-EVs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for wound repair, recapitulating the biological effects of parent cells while mitigating immunogenic and tumorigenic risks. These EVs orchestrate wound healing processes, notably through modulating angiogenesis-a critical event in tissue revascularization and regeneration. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted mechanisms underpinning the pro-angiogenic capacity of EVs from various stem cell sources within the wound microenvironment. By elucidating the molecular intricacies governing their angiogenic prowess, we aim to unravel the mechanistic repertoire underlying their remarkable potential to accelerate wound healing. Additionally, methods to enhance the angiogenic effects of SC-EVs, current limitations, and future perspectives are highlighted, emphasizing the significant potential of this rapidly advancing field in revolutionizing wound healing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyuan Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huayuan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gui Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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He Y, Lu S, Chen W, Yang L, Li F, Zhou P, Chen Z, Wan R, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Lin J, Chen Y, Luo Z, Xu C, Chen S. Exosomes derived from tendon stem/progenitor cells enhance tendon-bone interface healing after rotator cuff repair in a rat model. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:484-502. [PMID: 39040569 PMCID: PMC11260958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The rate of retear after surgical repair remains high. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively employed in regenerative medicine for several decades. However, safety and ethical concerns constrain their clinical application. Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells (TSPCs)-derived exosomes have emerged as promising cell-free therapeutic agents. Therefore, urgent studies are needed to investigate whether TSPC-Exos could enhance tendon-bone healing and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In this study, TSPC-Exos were found to promote the proliferation, migration, and expression of fibrogenesis markers in BMSCs. Furthermore, TSPC-Exos demonstrated an ability to suppress the polarization of M1 macrophages while promoting M2 macrophage polarization. In a rat model of rotator cuff repair, TSPC-Exos modulated inflammation and improved the histological structure of the tendon-bone interface, the biomechanical properties of the repaired tendon, and the function of the joint. Mechanistically, TSPC-Exos exhibited high expression of miR-21a-5p, which regulated the expression of PDCD4. The PDCD4/AKT/mTOR axis was implicated in the therapeutic effects of TSPC-Exos on proliferation, migration, and fibrogenesis in BMSCs. This study introduces a novel approach utilizing TSPC-Exos therapy as a promising strategy for cell-free therapies, potentially benefiting patients with rotator cuff tear in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei He
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shihao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Fangqi Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Renwen Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zifan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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Quigley RM, Kearney M, Kennedy OD, Duncan HF. Tissue engineering approaches for dental pulp regeneration: The development of novel bioactive materials using pharmacological epigenetic inhibitors. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:182-211. [PMID: 38966600 PMCID: PMC11223092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The drive for minimally invasive endodontic treatment strategies has shifted focus from technically complex and destructive root canal treatments towards more conservative vital pulp treatment. However, novel approaches to maintaining dental pulp vitality after disease or trauma will require the development of innovative, biologically-driven regenerative medicine strategies. For example, cell-homing and cell-based therapies have recently been developed in vitro and trialled in preclinical models to study dental pulp regeneration. These approaches utilise natural and synthetic scaffolds that can deliver a range of bioactive pharmacological epigenetic modulators (HDACis, DNMTis, and ncRNAs), which are cost-effective and easily applied to stimulate pulp tissue regrowth. Unfortunately, many biological factors hinder the clinical development of regenerative therapies, including a lack of blood supply and poor infection control in the necrotic root canal system. Additional challenges include a need for clinically relevant models and manufacturing challenges such as scalability, cost concerns, and regulatory issues. This review will describe the current state of bioactive-biomaterial/scaffold-based engineering strategies to stimulate dentine-pulp regeneration, explicitly focusing on epigenetic modulators and therapeutic pharmacological inhibition. It will highlight the components of dental pulp regenerative approaches, describe their current limitations, and offer suggestions for the effective translation of novel epigenetic-laden bioactive materials for innovative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross M. Quigley
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), University of Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michaela Kearney
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), University of Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oran D. Kennedy
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE) and the Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) and Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Henry F. Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), University of Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE) and the Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) and Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
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El-Badawy MA, Badawy M, El Shahawy M. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells restored GLUT1 expression in the submandibular salivary glands of ovariectomized rats. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 166:106048. [PMID: 39002180 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Loss of ovarian function in menopause is commonly associated with salivary gland dysfunction. The aim is to study the possible therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on the altered structure of the submandibular salivary glands (SMGs) of ovariectomized rats. DESIGN Twenty-four female, adult, Wistar rats were used and distributed into three groups (8 rats/group). The control group included sham-operated rats. The ovariectomized group consisted of rats with removed ovaries. The third group consisted of ovariectomized rats received injections, via tail, of MSCs extracted from bone marrow of 3-weeks-old rat hind limb (BM-MSC group). Four weeks after BM-MSC transplantation, the bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur was detected. The SMG was dissected and processed for histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS The ovariectomized rats depicted low BMD in the femur. The SMG acini revealed atrophy. The ductal and acinar cells depicted vacuolization and abnormal nuclear histology. GLUT1 immunostaining was decreased in SMG ducts. The BM-MSC group resumed the normal SMG histology and GLUT1 immunolabelling. CONCLUSIONS BM-MSC therapy restored the normal SMG structure and GLUT1 immunostaining in the treated ovariectomized rats, suggesting improved glucose transporting function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menna Abdulqader El-Badawy
- Demonstrator at Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Badawy
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
| | - Maha El Shahawy
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Misr Aswan Road, Minia 61511, Egypt; Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Kafrelsheikh University, Elgiesh street, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
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Oh SJ, Nguyen TT, Seo Y, Park HJ, Ahn JS, Shin YY, Kang BJ, Jang M, Park J, Jeong JH, Kim HS. Sustained release of stem cell secretome from nano-villi chitosan microspheres for effective treatment of atopic dermatitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134344. [PMID: 39089545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) arises from hypersensitive immune reactions. AD symptoms entail severe pruritus and skin inflammation, with frequent relapses. Consequently, AD patients require continuous management, imposing financial burdens and mental fatigue on pet owners. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic relevance of secretome from canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), especially after encapsulation in nano-villi chitosan microspheres (CS-MS) to expect improved efficacy. Conditioned media (CM) from MSCs significantly inhibited the proliferation of splenocytes, induced the generation of regulatory T cells, and decreased mast cell degranulation. We found that beneficial soluble factors known to reduce AD symptoms, including transforming growth factor-beta 1, were detectable after sequential concentration and lyophilization of CM. The CS-MS, developed by a phase inversion regeneration method, showed high loading and sustained release of the secretome. Local injection of secretome-loaded CS-MS (ST/SC-MS) effectively reduced clinical severity compared to groups treated with secretome. Histological analysis revealed that ST/SC-MS potently suppressed epidermal hyperplasia, immunocyte infiltration and mast cell activation in the lesion. Taken together, this study presents a novel therapeutic approach exhibiting more potent and prolonged immunoregulatory efficacy of MSC secretome for canine AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jeong Oh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Education and Research Team for Life Science on Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Tiep Tien Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Seo
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Park
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Education and Research Team for Life Science on Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Ahn
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Young Shin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Bioengineering Institute, Global R&D Center, Kangstem Biotech Co. Ltd., Seoul 08590, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeung Park
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Education and Research Team for Life Science on Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Gupta S, Ahuja N, Kumar S, Arora R, Kumawat S, Kaushal V, Gupta P. Rev-erbα regulate neurogenesis through suppression of Sox2 in neuronal cells to regenerate dopaminergic neurons and abates MPP + induced neuroinflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 223:144-159. [PMID: 39084577 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the motor and non-motor circuits of the brain. Currently, there are no promising therapeutic measures for Parkinson's disease, and most strategies designed to alleviate the Parkinson's disease are palliative. The dearth of therapeutic interventions in Parkinson's disease has driven attention in the search for targets that may augment dopamine secretion, promote differentiation towards dopaminergic neuronal lineage, or aid in neuroprotection from neuronal stress and inflammation, and prevent Parkinson's disease associated motor impairment and behavioural chaos. The study first reports that Rev-erbα plays an important role in regulating the differentiation of undifferentiated neuronal cells towards dopaminergic neurons through abating Sox2 expression in human SH-SY5Y cells. Rev-erbα directly binds to the human Sox2 promoter region and represses their expression to promote differentiation towards dopaminergic neurons. We have reported a novel mechanism of Rev-erbα which effectively abrogates 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium induced cytotoxicity, inflammation, and oxidative stress, exerted a beneficial effect on transmembrane potential, and suppressed apoptosis in the neuronal in vitro model of Parkinson's disease. Rev-erbα ligand SR9011 was observed to ease the disease severity in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Rev-erbα alleviates the locomotor behavioural impairment, prevents cognitive decline and promotes motor coordination in mice. Administration of Rev-erbα ligand also helps in replenishing the dopaminergic neurons and abrogating the neurotoxin mediated toxicity in an in vitro and in vivo Parkinson's disease model. We conclude that Rev-erbα emerges as a moonlighting nuclear receptor that could be targeted in the treatment and alleviation of Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Nancy Ahuja
- Department of Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Rashmi Arora
- Department of Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Saumyata Kumawat
- Department of Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vipashu Kaushal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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Zhang Y, He X, Ge Z, Wang B, Ni M, Cai G. Investigating the differential therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells at various passages in osteoarthritis treatment. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102499. [PMID: 39126832 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) from different passages (P3, P8, and P13) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and explore the underlying mechanisms. The hUC-MSCs from each passage were characterized and evaluated for their stemness, migration, proliferation, and marker expression. Rats with OA were treated with hUC-MSCs from each passage, and the therapeutic effects were assessed based on knee swelling, discomfort, and pathological examination of the knee joint. Co-culture experiments were conducted to examine the ability of hUC-MSCs to stimulate type II collagen synthesis and inhibit MMP13 expression in chondrocytes. Telomere length and telomerase activity of hUC-MSCs from each passage were measured to investigate the reasons for the observed differences in clinical efficacy. The results revealed that P3 and P8 hUC-MSCs exhibited superior osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential compared to P13, while P13 demonstrated stronger adipogenic differentiation. The wound healing rate was significantly higher in the P3 and P8 groups compared to P13. All hUC-MSC groups expressed high levels of CD90 and CD105, indicating their mesenchymal stem cell characteristics, while CD31 and CD45 were not expressed. CD105 expression was significantly reduced in the P13 group. In the treatment of rat osteoarthritis, there were no significant differences in knee swelling, discomfort, Mankin scores, and pathological findings between P3 and P8 hUC-MSC treatments. However, there was a significant difference between the 8th and 13th passages. Co-culture experiments showed that hUC-MSCs from P3 and P8 enhanced type II collagen synthesis and reduced MMP13 expression in chondrocytes. Although no significant difference was observed between the P3 and P8 groups, a significant difference was found between the P13 and P8 groups. Telomere length analysis revealed that P13 samples had significantly shorter telomeres compared to both P3 and P8. The telomerase activity was positive in P3 and P8 hUC-MSCs, indicating no significant difference between these passages, while it was negative in P13 hUC-MSCs. In conclusion, P3 and P8 hUC-MSCs exhibited superior therapeutic potential for knee osteoarthritis compared to P13, possibly due to their enhanced differentiation capacity and telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai City 201508, PR China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai City 200032, PR China
| | - Xianwei He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai City 201508, PR China
| | - Zhe Ge
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai City 201508, PR China
| | - Bingnan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai City 201508, PR China
| | - Miaozhong Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai City 201508, PR China
| | - Guoping Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai City 201508, PR China.
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Hao Z, Shi G, Guo L, Chang C, Li J. Application trends and strategies of hydrogel delivery systems in intervertebral disc degeneration: A bibliometric review. Mater Today Bio 2024; 28:101251. [PMID: 39318370 PMCID: PMC11421353 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used to explore emerging minimally invasive strategies for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) due to their suitability as drug and cell delivery vehicles. There has been no review of the latest research trends and strategies of hydrogel delivery systems in IVDD for the last decade. In this study, we identify the application trends and strategies in this field through bibliometric analysis, including aspects such as publication years, countries and institutions, authors and publications, and co-occurrence of keywords. The results reveal that the literature in this field has been receiving increasing attention with a trend of growth annually. Subsequently, the hotspots of hydrogels in this field were described and discussed in detail, and we proposed the "four core factors", hydrogels, cells, cell stimulators, and microenvironmental regulation, required for a multifunctional hydrogel for IVDD. Finally, we discuss the popular and emerging mechanistic strategies of hydrogel therapy for IVDD in terms of five aspects: fundamental pathologic changes in IVDD, counteracting cellular senescence, counteracting cell death, improving organelle function, and replenishing exogenous cells. This study provides a reference and a new perspective for future research in this urgently needed field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yilong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Guang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lanhong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chunyu Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials in Hubei Province, and Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Zhang X, Du W, Huang X, Zhong H, Hu N. An overview of current research on cancer stem cells: a bibliometric analysis. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:2466-2478. [PMID: 38625493 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a potential mechanism contributing to tumorigenesis, metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance. The objective of this study is to investigate the status quo and advancements in CSC research utilizing bibliometric analysis. METHODS Publications related to CSCs from 2010 to 2022 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Various analytical tools including CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, and GraphPad Prism were used to visualize aspects such as co-authorship, co-occurrence, and co-citation within CSC research to provide an objective depiction of the contemporary status and developmental trajectory of the CSC field. RESULTS A total of 22,116 publications were included from 1942 journals written by 95,992 authors. Notably, China emerged as the country with the highest number of publications, whereas the United States exerted the most significant influence within the field. MD Anderson Cancer Center emerged as the institution making the most comprehensive contributions. Wicha M.S. emerged as the most prolific and influential researcher. Among journals, Cancers emerged as a focal point for CSC research, consistently publishing a wealth of high-quality papers. Furthermore, it was observed that most journals tended to approach CSC research from molecular, biological, and immunological perspectives. The research into CSCs encompassed a broad array of topics, including isolation and enrichment techniques, biomarkers, biological characteristics, cancer therapy strategies, and underlying biological regulatory mechanisms. Notably, exploration of the tumor microenvironment and extracellular vesicles emerged as burgeoning research frontiers for CSCs. CONCLUSION The research on CSCs has garnered growing interest. A trend toward multidisciplinary homogeneity is emerging within the realm of CSCs. Further investigation could potentially center on the patients of extracellular vesicles and the tumor microenvironment in relation to CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Zhang
- International Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenbo Du
- International Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xizhi Huang
- International Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haoting Zhong
- International Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ning Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 of Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Jin X, Yoo H, Tran VVT, Yi C, Hong KY, Chang H. Efficacy and Safety of Cell-Assisted Acellular Adipose Matrix Transfer for Volume Retention and Regeneration Compared to Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-024-04408-0. [PMID: 39354227 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-024-04408-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-assisted acellular adipose matrix (AAM) transfer is a novel technique for soft tissue volume restoration, where AAM acts as a scaffold for tissue proliferation and promotes host cell migration, vascularization, and adipogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of in vivo cell-assisted AAM transfer compared to hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection. METHODS Human adipose tissue was used to manufacture AAM, and murine adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were prepared. Nude mice were divided into four groups: AAM transfer (AT), ASC-assisted AAM transfer (CAT), HA filler injection (HI), and ASC-assisted HA filler injection (CHI). Eight weeks post-transfer, in vivo graft volume/weight, histology, and gene expression were analyzed to assess efficacy and safety. RESULTS The AAM retained its three-dimensional scaffold structure without cellular components. AT/CAT showed lower volume retention than HA/CHA; however, CAT maintained a similar volume to HA. Histologically, adipogenesis and collagen formation were increased in AT/CAT compared to HA/CHA, with CAT showing the highest levels. CAT also demonstrated superior angiogenesis, adipogenesis, and gene expression (Vegf and Pparg), along with lower Il-6 expression, higher Il-10 expression, and reduced capsule formation, indicating better biocompatibility. CONCLUSIONS Cell-assisted AAM transfer is a promising technique for volume retention and tissue regeneration, offering a safe and effective alternative to HA filler injections. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyokyung Yoo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinh Vuong The Tran
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chenggang Yi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ki Yong Hong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hak Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Zong X, Yang S, Tang Z, Li X, Long D, Wang D. 1,25-(OH) 2D 3 promotes hair growth by inhibiting NLRP3/IL-1β and HIF-1α/IL-1β signaling pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 132:109695. [PMID: 38936782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a crucial vitamin that participates in various biological processes through the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR). While there are studies suggesting that VDR might regulate hair growth through ligand-independent mechanisms, the efficacy of Vitamin D in treating hair loss disorders has also been reported. Here, through in vivo experiments in mice, in vitro organ culture of hair follicles, and cellular-level investigations, we demonstrate that 1,25-(OH)2D3 promotes mouse hair regeneration, prolongs the hair follicle anagen, and enhances the proliferation and migration capabilities of dermal papilla cells and outer root sheath keratinocytes in a VDR-dependent manner. Transcriptome analysis of VDR-knockout mouse skin reveals the involvement of HIF-1α, NLRP3, and IL-1β in these processes. Finally, we confirm that 1,25-(OH)2D3 can counteract the inhibitory effects of DHT on hair growth. These findings suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 has a positive impact on hair growth and may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for androgenetic alopecia (AGA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiule Zong
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shengbo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziting Tang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daijing Long
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Galhom RA, Ali SNS, El-Fark MMO, Ali MHM, Hussein HH. Assessment of therapeutic efficacy of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells administration in hyperlipidemia-induced aortic atherosclerosis in adult male albino rats. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102498. [PMID: 39079452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common disease seriously detrimental to human health. AS is a chronic progressive disease related to inflammatory reactions. The present study aimed to characterize and evaluate the effects of adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) in high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in a rat model. The present study comprises thirty-six rats and they were divided into three groups: the control group, the high-fat diet (HFD) group; which received a high-fat diet, and the high-fat diet + stem cells (HFD+SC) group; which was fed with a high-fat diet along with the administration of intravenous ADSCs. Food was given to the animals for 20 weeks to establish dyslipidemia models. After 20 weeks, animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation; blood was collected to measure total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL); aortae were collected to detect morphologic changes. Rats of the HFD group showed a significant increase in body weight (B.Wt), altered lipid profile increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and decreased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). However, in HFD+SC there was a significant decrease in body weight gain and an improvement in lipid profile. Histopathological and ultrastructural variations observed in the aorta of the HFD group when treated with ADSCs showed preserved normal histological architecture and reduced atherosclerosis compared with the HFD group. This was evidenced by laboratory, histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric studies. Thus, ADSCs reduced TC, TG, and LDL, reduced the expression of iNOS, and increased the expression of eNOS. The high-fat diet was likely to cause damage to the wall of blood vessels. Systemically transplanted ADSCs could home to the aorta, and further protect the aorta from HFD-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania A Galhom
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Egypt.
| | - Saleh Nasser Saleh Ali
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen.
| | - Magdy Mohamed Omar El-Fark
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Mona Hassan Mohammed Ali
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Hoda Hassan Hussein
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Nakatsuji M, Fujimori K. Adipocyte-conditioned medium induces tamoxifen resistance by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119821. [PMID: 39159684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to endocrine therapy is a major clinical challenge in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Obesity is associated with the clinical response to ER-positive breast cancers; however, the mechanism underlying obesity-induced resistance to endocrine therapy in ER-positive breast cancers remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity-induced resistance to tamoxifen (TAM), an anti-estrogen agent, in the ER-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using differentiated adipocyte-conditioned medium (D-CM). Treatment of the cells with D-CM promoted TAM resistance by reducing TAM-induced apoptosis. The expression levels of the ERα target genes were higher in D-CM-treated cells than those in untreated ones. In contrast, when the cells were cultured in the presence of TAM, the expression levels were decreased, with or without D-CM. Moreover, the expression of the markers for cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and mammosphere formation was enhanced by co-treating with D-CM and TAM, compared with TAM alone. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was activated in MCF-7 cells by D-CM treatment, even in the presence of TAM. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway decreased the expression levels of the CSC markers, suppressed mammosphere formation, and resensitized to TAM via inducing apoptosis in D-CM-treated cells. These results indicate that the conditioned medium of differentiated adipocytes promoted TAM resistance by inducing the CSC phenotype through activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Thus, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway may be a therapeutic target in obese patients with ER-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakatsuji
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Ko Fujimori
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
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Chen J, Sanchez-Iranzo H, Diotel N, Rastegar S. Comparative insight into the regenerative mechanisms of the adult brain in zebrafish and mouse: highlighting the importance of the immune system and inflammation in successful regeneration. FEBS J 2024; 291:4193-4205. [PMID: 39108082 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Regeneration, the complex process of restoring damaged or absent cells, tissues, and organs, varies considerably between species. The zebrafish is a remarkable model organism for its impressive regenerative abilities, particularly in organs such as the heart, fin, retina, spinal cord, and brain. Unlike mammals, zebrafish can regenerate with limited or absent scarring, a phenomenon closely linked to the activation of stem cells and immune cells. This review examines the unique roles played by the immune response and inflammation in zebrafish and mouse during regeneration, highlighting the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind their divergent regenerative capacities. By focusing on zebrafish telencephalic regeneration and comparing it to that of the rodents, this review highlights the importance of a well-controlled, acute, and non-persistent immune response in zebrafish, which promotes an environment conducive to regeneration. The knowledge gained from understanding the mechanisms of zebrafish regeneration holds great promises for the treatment of human neurodegenerative diseases and brain damage (stroke and traumatic brain injuries), as well as for the advancement of regenerative medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincan Chen
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
| | - Hector Sanchez-Iranzo
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Sepand Rastegar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
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