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Yang Z, Liu H, Song Y, Gao N, Gao P, Hui Y, Li Y, Fan T. Luteolin enhances drug chemosensitivity by downregulating the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway in paclitaxel‑resistant esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Mol Med 2024; 54:77. [PMID: 38994756 PMCID: PMC11265837 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a key factor underlying the failure of tumor chemotherapy. It enhances the stem‑like cell properties of cancer cells, tumor metastasis and relapse. Luteolin is a natural flavonoid with strong anti‑tumor effects. However, the mechanism(s) by which luteolin protects against paclitaxel (PTX)‑resistant cancer cell remains to be elucidated. The inhibitory effect of luteolin on the proliferation of EC1/PTX and EC1 cells was detected by cell counting kit‑8 assay. Colony formation and flow cytometry assays were used to assess clonogenic capacity, cell cycle and apoptosis. Wound healing and Transwell invasion tests were used to investigate the effects of luteolin on the migration and invasion of EC1/PTX cells. Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of EMT‑related proteins and stem cell markers after sphere formation. Parental cells and drug‑resistant cells were screened by high‑throughput sequencing to detect the differential expression of RNA and differential genes. ELISA and western blotting were used to verify the screened PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, key proteins of which were explored by molecular docking. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL staining were used to observe tumor xenografts on morphology and apoptosis in nude mice. The present study found that luteolin inhibited tumor resistance (inhibited proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and hindered migration invasion, EMT and stem cell spherification) in vitro in PTX‑resistant esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. In addition, luteolin enhanced drug sensitivity and promoted the apoptosis of drug‑resistant ESCC cells in combination with PTX. Mechanistically, luteolin may inhibit the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by binding to the active sites of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src and AKT. Notably, luteolin lowered the tumorigenic potential of PTX‑resistant ESCC cells but did not show significant toxicity in vivo. Luteolin enhanced drug chemosensitivity by downregulating the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway in PTX‑resistant ESCC and could be a promising agent for the treatment of PTX‑resistant ESCC cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yang
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yinsen Song
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Na Gao
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Pan Gao
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yiran Hui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China
| | - Yueheng Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Tianli Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
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Kunath BJ, De Rudder C, Laczny CC, Letellier E, Wilmes P. The oral-gut microbiome axis in health and disease. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01075-5. [PMID: 39039286 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The human body hosts trillions of microorganisms throughout many diverse habitats with different physico-chemical characteristics. Among them, the oral cavity and the gut harbour some of the most dense and diverse microbial communities. Although these two sites are physiologically distinct, they are directly connected and can influence each other in several ways. For example, oral microorganisms can reach and colonize the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the context of gut dysbiosis. However, the mechanisms of colonization and the role that the oral microbiome plays in causing or exacerbating diseases in other organs have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we describe recent advances in our understanding of how the oral and intestinal microbiota interplay in relation to their impact on human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit J Kunath
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Charlotte De Rudder
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cedric C Laczny
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Paul Wilmes
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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Hoffsten A, Markasz L, Lilja HE, Mobini-Far H, Sindelar R. Reduced Expression of REG4 as a Sign of Altered Goblet Cell Function in Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Am J Perinatol 2024. [PMID: 39008984 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Defective Goblet cells have been proposed to be involved in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The aim was to study the expression of the Goblet cell marker REG4 and its potential involvement in NEC in preterm infants with and without NEC. STUDY DESIGN Seventy histologically intact intestinal biopsies were studied: 43 were collected during surgery due to NEC (NEC group: 26.5 ± 3.0 weeks' gestational age [wGA]), and 27 from individuals who underwent surgery due to other conditions (Control group; 36.1 ± 4.5 wGA). The tissue samples were immunohistochemically stained for REG4. REG4 expression was quantified with a semiautomated digital image analysis and with clinical data compared between the groups. RESULTS REG4 expression was lower in the NEC group than in the Control group (p = 0.035). Low REG4 expression correlated to the risk of NEC (p = 0.023). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis including GA and REG4 expression for NEC risk, only GA (p < 0.001) and not REG4 expression (p = 0.206) was associated with NEC risk. CONCLUSION This study concludes that Goblet cell dysfunction may be involved in NEC development, as low expression of the Goblet cell marker REG4 was related to an increased NEC risk in preterm infants. Maturity could however not be excluded as a potential confounder for REG4 expression. KEY POINTS · REG4 is a specific Goblet cell marker not yet studied in NEC.. · REG4 was quantified in intestinal biopsies from infants with and without NEC.. · REG4 expression was lower in infants with NEC, and expression seems to be maturity dependent..
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Hoffsten
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Laszlo Markasz
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Neonatology Division, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helene Engstrand Lilja
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hamid Mobini-Far
- Department of Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Richard Sindelar
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Neonatology Division, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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Yu L, Wang H, Wang F, Guo J, Xiao B, Hou Z, Lu Z, Pan Z, Zhou Y, Ye S, Wan D, Lin B, Ou Q, Fang Y. Serum biomarkers REG1A and REG3A combined with the traditional CEA represent a novel nomogram for the screening and risk stratification of colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03566-6. [PMID: 38965192 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop and validate a serum protein nomogram for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. METHODS The serum protein characteristics were extracted from an independent sample containing 30 colorectal cancer and 12 polyp tissues along with their paired samples, and different serum protein expression profiles were validated using RNA microarrays. The prediction model was developed in a training cohort that included 1345 patients clinicopathologically confirmed CRC and 518 normal participants, and data were gathered from November 2011 to January 2017. The lasso logistic regression model was employed for features selection and serum nomogram building. An internal validation cohort containing 576 CRC patients and 222 normal participants was assessed. RESULTS Serum signatures containing 27 secreted proteins were significantly differentially expressed in polyps and CRC compared to paired normal tissue, and REG family proteins were selected as potential predictors. The C-index of the nomogram1 (based on Lasso logistic regression model) which contains REG1A, REG3A, CEA and age was 0.913 (95% CI, 0.899 to 0.928) and was well calibrated. Addition of CA199 to the nomogram failed to show incremental prognostic value, as shown in nomogram2 (based on logistic regression model). Application of the nomogram1 in the independent validation cohort had similar discrimination (C-index, 0.912 [95% CI, 0.890 to 0.934]) and good calibration. The decision curve (DCA) and clinical impact curve (ICI) analysis demonstrated that nomogram1 was clinically useful. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a serum nomogram that included REG1A, REG3A, CEA and age, which can be convenient for screening of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fulong Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Senboll Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Pingshan Bio-Pharmacy Business Accelerator, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Binyi Xiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhenlin Hou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhenhai Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhizhong Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yaxian Zhou
- Senboll Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Pingshan Bio-Pharmacy Business Accelerator, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Sibin Ye
- Senboll Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Pingshan Bio-Pharmacy Business Accelerator, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Desen Wan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Qingjian Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Yujing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Tasoudis P, Manaki V, Iwai Y, Buckeridge SA, Khoury AL, Agala CB, Haithcock BE, Mody GN, Long JM. The Role of Immunotherapy in the Management of Esophageal Cancer in Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2460. [PMID: 39001522 PMCID: PMC11240428 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current National Comprehensive Cancer Network advises neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for locally advanced cases of esophageal cancer. The role of immunotherapy in this context is under heavy investigation. METHODS Patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma were identified in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004 to 2019. Three groups were generated as follows: (a) no immunotherapy, (b) neoadjuvant immunotherapy, and (c) adjuvant immunotherapy. Overall survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard analysis, adjusting for previously described risk factors for mortality. RESULTS Of the total 14,244 patients diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation, 14,065 patients did not receive immunotherapy, 110 received neoadjuvant immunotherapy, and 69 received adjuvant immunotherapy. When adjusting for established risk factors, adjuvant immunotherapy was associated with significantly improved survival compared to no immunotherapy and neoadjuvant immunotherapy during a median follow-up period of 35.2 months. No difference was noted among patients who received no immunotherapy vs. neoadjuvant immunotherapy in the same model. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective analysis of the NCDB, receiving adjuvant immunotherapy offered a significant survival advantage compared to no immunotherapy and neoadjuvant immunotherapy in the treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The addition of neoadjuvant immunotherapy to patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation did not improve survival in this cohort. Further studies are warranted to investigate the long-term outcomes of immunotherapy in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Tasoudis
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Vasiliki Manaki
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Yoshiko Iwai
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Steven A Buckeridge
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Audrey L Khoury
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Chris B Agala
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Benjamin E Haithcock
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Gita N Mody
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Jason M Long
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
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Shi Z, Zhou M, Zhai J, Sun J, Wang X. Novel therapeutic strategies and drugs for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400192. [PMID: 38961537 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. Currently, drugs used to treat IPF in clinical practice exhibit severe side effects and limitations. To address these issues, this paper discusses the therapeutic effects of preclinical targeted drugs (such as STAT3 and TGF-β/Smad pathway inhibitors, chitinase inhibitors, PI3K and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, etc.) and natural products on IPF. Through a summary of current research progress, it is found that natural products possess multitarget effects, stable therapeutic efficacy, low side effects, and nondrug dependence. Furthermore, we discuss the significant prospects of natural product molecules in combating fibrosis by influencing the immune system, expecting that current analytical data will aid in the development of new drugs or the investigation of active ingredients in natural products for potential IPF treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhou Shi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Min Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jingfang Zhai
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
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Maiyulan A, Matsumoto Y, Wang H, Murakami K, Toyozumi T, Otsuka R, Shiraishi T, Kinoshita K, Hu J, Iida S, Morishita H, Makiyama T, Nishioka Y, Kano M, Matsubara H. Hypoxia‑regulated exosomal miR‑185 inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression and predicts prognosis. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:334. [PMID: 38827568 PMCID: PMC11140231 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment and diagnosis, the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are associated with prognosis in esophageal cancer, indicating that they may help guide treatment decisions. The aim of the present study was to explore exosomal miR-185 as a candidate prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in ESCC, to investigate its biological function and clinical significance, and to ascertain the applicability of circulating exosomal miR-185 for the development of targeted drugs for ESCC treatment. A GeneChip miRNA array was used to compare exosomal miRNA expression in ESCC cell lines under hypoxia with those under normoxia. Exosomal miR-185 expression was then confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Patient background and prognosis were compared between high and low miR-185 expression groups. Functional analyses were performed to evaluate the antitumor effects of miR-185 in ESCC cells. Global Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas data was also performed, and differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs under hypoxia were identified compared to those under normoxia. Hypoxia markedly decreased the expression of exosomal miR-185 in KYSE-960 and T.Tn cell culture media. Overexpression of miR-185 suppressed the migration, invasion and colony-forming abilities of ESCC lines, and also suppressed cell cycle progression and promoted apoptosis after cisplatin treatment. Notably, high miR-185 expression was associated with signaling pathways related to cell death, DNA damage and p53. Furthermore, circulating exosomal miR-185 levels were associated with cN and cStage, and could predict progression-free survival and disease-specific survival of patients with ESCC after initial treatment. In conclusion, miR-185 holds potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abula Maiyulan
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yasunori Matsumoto
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takeshi Toyozumi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryota Otsuka
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tadashi Shiraishi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kinoshita
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Iida
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroki Morishita
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tenshi Makiyama
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuri Nishioka
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kano
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Ricardo J, Alkayali T, Shridhar R, Huston J, Meredith K. Esophageal cancer in Hispanics: a demographic analysis of the National Cancer Database. J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 28:1126-1131. [PMID: 38740256 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hispanics are the fastest-growing minority and the second largest ethnic group in the United States, accounting for 18% of the national population. The American Cancer Society estimated 18,440 new cases of esophageal cancer (EC) in the United States in 2020. Hispanics are reported to be at high risk of EC. We sought to interrogate the demographic patterns of EC in Hispanics. Secondary objective was to examine evidence of socioeconomic disparities and differential therapy. METHODS We identified Hispanic vs non-Hispanic patients with EC in the National Cancer Database between 2005 and 2015. Groups were statistically equated through propensity score-matched analysis. RESULTS A total of 3205 Hispanics (3.8%) were identified among 85,004 patients with EC. We identified significant disparities between Hispanic and non-Hispanic groups. Disparities among Hispanics included higher prevalence of squamous EC, higher likelihood of stage IV cancer diagnosis, younger age, uninsured status, and income< $38,000. Hispanics were less likely to have surgical intervention or any type of treatment when compared to non-Hispanics. Multivariate analysis showed that age, ethnicity, treatment, histology, grade, stage, and Charlson-Deyo scores were independent predictors of survival. Treated Hispanics survived longer than non-Hispanics. CONCLUSION Despite the lower prevalence of EC, there is a disproportionately higher prevalence of metastatic and untreated cases among Hispanics. This disparity may be explained by Hispanics' limited access to medical care, exacerbated by their socioeconomic and insurance status. Further study is warranted to examine these health disparities among Hispanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ricardo
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Surgical Oncology, Sarasota, Florida, United States
| | - Talal Alkayali
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Surgical Oncology, Sarasota, Florida, United States
| | - Ravi Shridhar
- Advent Health Cancer Institute, Radiation Oncology, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Jamie Huston
- Sarasota Memorial Cancer Institute, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Sarasota, Florida, United States
| | - Kenneth Meredith
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Surgical Oncology, Sarasota, Florida, United States; Sarasota Memorial Cancer Institute, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Sarasota, Florida, United States.
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Goufman EI, Tikhonova NB, Aleksankin AP, Gershkovich KB, Stepanov AA, Stepanova II, Mikhaleva LM, Nizyaeva NV, Kovaleva OV, Alferov AA, Kuzmin YB, Kushlinskii NE. Circulating IgG Fragments for Gastric Cancer and Esophageal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1396. [PMID: 39001286 PMCID: PMC11241629 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood serum of patients with gastric (n = 68) and esophageal (n = 43) cancer was assessed for proteolytic fragments of IgG. Serum samples of 20 healthy donors were used as a control. We analyzed indicators of hemostasis (prothrombin time, fibrinogen, plasminogen activity, a2-antiplasmin activity, protein C activity) in blood plasma and the level of total IgG in the blood serum. The median IgG-LysK of healthy donors was lower than in esophageal cancer and in patients with gastric cancer. ROC-analysis showed high sensitivity (91%) and specificity (85%) in the group with esophageal cancer but 68% and 85%, respectively, in patients with gastric cancer. Analysis of false negatives IgG-LysK in cancer patients showed that most patients had an advanced stage of cancer accompanied by metastases. Total IgG in the plasma of patients with false-negative IgG-LysK values was 30% lower than in samples with positive values, while the level of a2-antiplasmin was increased and the prothrombin time was shorter. These changes in blood homeostasis may be the reason for an increase in the proportion of false-negative values of the IgG-LysK coefficient. Circulatory IgG-LysK levels increase in the early stages of such cancers as gastric and esophageal cancers. Thus, when used in a panel with other more specific markers for these pathologies, this indicator can significantly increase the early detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene I Goufman
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliia B Tikhonova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey P Aleksankin
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Karina B Gershkovich
- N. M. Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Stepanov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina I Stepanova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V Nizyaeva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V Kovaleva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology», 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Alferov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology», 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury B Kuzmin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology», 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Kushlinskii
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology», 115478 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Zou W, Kuang W, Cai C, Qian Y. Prognostic Nutritional Index as a Prognostic Indicator for the Occurrence of Postoperative Complications in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Following Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy. Cancer Manag Res 2024; 16:643-650. [PMID: 38919874 PMCID: PMC11197999 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s465501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) as a predictor of short-term postoperative complications in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. Methods Clinical data were collected from 77 patients undergoing radical esophageal cancer surgery after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy at Tongji Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was utilized to establish the optimal cut-off point for the PNI. Subsequently, patients were stratified into low and high PNI groups according to this cut-off point, and comparisons were made between the two groups in terms of clinical data and postoperative complications. Results Out of the 77 patients included in the study, 31 were categorized in the low PNI group and 46 in the high PNI group, with a defined cutoff point of 47.38. Significant statistical variances were noted in the occurrence rates of general complications (P < 0.001), pulmonary infections (P < 0.001), and anastomotic fistula (P = 0.034) between the two groups. The low PNI group displayed elevated rates of these complications in comparison to the high PNI group. Conclusion The research findings indicate that preoperative nutritional assessment using the PNI can effectively predict short-term postoperative complications in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who have undergone neoadjuvant therapy. Furthermore, the results suggest that implementing nutritional interventions for patients with moderate-to-severe malnutrition, as indicated by preoperative PNI evaluation, may help reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan Kuang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Li C, Shu P, Shi T, Chen Y, Mei P, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Du X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Liu B, Sheng Z, Chan S, Dan Z. Predicting the potential deterioration of Barrett's esophagus based on gut microbiota: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Mamm Genome 2024:10.1007/s00335-024-10042-7. [PMID: 38886201 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the most malignant tumors in the digestive system. To make thing worse, the scarcity of treatment options is disheartening. However, if detected early, there is a possibility of reversing the condition. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of relevant early screening methods. Considering that Barrett's esophagus (BE), a precursor lesion of EAC, has been confirmed as the only known precursor of EAC. Analyzing which BE cases will progress to EAC and understanding the processes and mechanisms involved is of great significance for early screening of such patients. Considering the significant alterations in the gut microbiota of patients with BE and its potential role in the progression to EAC, this study aims to analyze the relationship between BE, EAC, and GM to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study utilized comprehensive statistical data on gut microbiota from a large-scale genome-wide association meta-analysis conducted by the MiBioGen consortium (n = 18,340). Subsequently, we selected a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that fell below the genome-wide significance threshold (1 × 10-5) as instrumental variables. To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and BE and EAC, we employed various MR analysis methods, including Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median (WM), and weighted mean. Additionally, we assessed the level of pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and stability of genetic variations through MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, Cochran's Q test, and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, we conducted reverse MR analysis to identify the causal relationships between gut microbiota and BE and EAC. The results from the Inverse Variance-Weighted (IVW) analysis indicate that Alistipes (P = 4.86 × 10-2), Lactobacillus (P = 2.11 × 10-2), Prevotella 7 (P = 4.28 × 10-2), and RuminococcaceaeUCG004 (P = 4.34 × 10-2) are risk factors for Barrett's esophagus (BE), while Flavonifractor (P = 8.81 × 10-3) and RuminococcaceaeUCG004 (P = 4.99 × 10-2) are risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). On the other hand, certain gut microbiota genera appear to have a protective effect against both BE and EAC. These include Eubacterium (nodatum group) (P = 4.51 × 10-2), Holdemania (P = 1.22 × 10-2), and Lactococcus (P = 3.39 × 10-2) in the BE cohort, as well as Eubacterium (hallii group) (P = 4.07 × 10-2) and Actinomyces (P = 3.62 × 10-3) in the EAC cohort. According to the results of reverse MR analysis, no significant causal effects of BE and EAC on gut microbiota were observed. Furthermore, no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected in the instrumental variables. We have established a causal relationship between the gut microbiota and BE and EAC. This study holds profound significance for screening BE patients who may be at risk of deterioration, as it can provide them with timely medical interventions to reverse the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghan Li
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Panyin Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Taiyu Shi
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuerong Chen
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ping Mei
- Department of Radiology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, Anhui Province, 246000, China
| | - Yizhong Zhang
- College of Anesthesia, Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xinyan Du
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jianning Wang
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bin Liu
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhijin Sheng
- Department of Physical Education, College of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Shixin Chan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Zhangyong Dan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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12
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Day F, Sridharan S, Johnson C, Quah GT, Mallesara G, Kumar M, Poulter AL, Morrison A, van der Westhuizen A, Fraser A, Oldmeadow C, Martin J. Esophageal chemoradiotherapy with concurrent nivolumab: Pilot results in the palliative treatment of oligometastatic disease. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024; 20:416-422. [PMID: 38512856 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Many patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer have dysphagia from their primary tumor and de novo metastatic disease. The purpose of this study was to test the safety and efficacy of nivolumab given concurrently with hypofractionated chemoradiotherapy to patients with oligometastatic and obstructing esophageal tumors. METHODS Patients were enrolled in a planned single-arm, phase 2 clinical trial. Eligible participants had previously untreated oligometastatic (≤5 metastases on fludeoxyglucose-18 positron emission tomography scan outside the primary tumor radiotherapy field) esophageal or gastroesophageal carcinoma, dysphagia, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-1. Treatment was with 2 weeks of concurrent hypofractionated radiotherapy (30 Gy/10#) to the primary tumor, weekly carboplatin AUC2, weekly paclitaxel 50 mg/m2, and q2weekly nivolumab 240 mg, followed by nivolumab 480 mg continuing q4weekly until disease progression or 24 months total. A single metastasis was treated with stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) (24 Gy/3#) in week 7. RESULTS Five patients were recruited before trial closure to new participants for logistical reasons. Existing participants continued treatment per protocol as a pilot study at one center. All five patients completed chemoradioimmunotherapy and SBRT. All patients derived an improvement in their dysphagia. Two patients completed 24 months of nivolumab without disease progression. Grade 3 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 3 patients, however, there were no grade 4 AEs, AEs due to SBRT, or AEs of special interest as defined by the protocol. CONCLUSION Pilot results from five patients at one center found that treatment was well tolerated and effective for dysphagia relief. The efficacy of hypofractionated chemoradiotherapy with concurrent checkpoint inhibition should be tested in a multicentre study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Day
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Swetha Sridharan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
| | - Catherine Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
| | - Gaik T Quah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Girish Mallesara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
| | | | - Anthony Morrison
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
| | - Andre van der Westhuizen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Allison Fraser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Jarad Martin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, Australia
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Yedla P, Bhamidipati P, Syed R, Amanchy R. Working title: Molecular involvement of p53-MDM2 interactome in gastrointestinal cancers. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4075. [PMID: 38924101 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p53, marked by transcriptional induction and feedback inhibition, orchestrates a functional loop dictating cellular fate. The functional loop comprising p53-MDM2 axis is made up of an interactome consisting of approximately 81 proteins, which are spatio-temporally regulated and involved in DNA repair mechanisms. Biochemical and genetic alterations of the interactome result in dysregulation of the p53-mdm2 axis that leads to gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. A large subset of interactome is well known and it consists of proteins that either stabilize p53 or MDM2 and proteins that target the p53-MDM2 complex for ubiquitin-mediated destruction. Upstream signaling events brought about by growth factors and chemical messengers invoke a wide variety of posttranslational modifications in p53-MDM2 axis. Biochemical changes in the transactivation domain of p53 impact the energy landscape, induce conformational switching, alter interaction potential and could change solubility of p53 to redefine its co-localization, translocation and activity. A diverse set of chemical compounds mimic physiological effectors and simulate biochemical modifications of the p53-MDM2 interactome. p53-MDM2 interactome plays a crucial role in DNA damage and repair process. Genetic aberrations in the interactome, have resulted in cancers of GI tract (pancreas, liver, colorectal, gastric, biliary, and esophageal). We present in this article a review of the overall changes in the p53-MDM2 interactors and the effectors that form an epicenter for the development of next-generation molecules for understanding and targeting GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornachandra Yedla
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-IICT (Indian Institute of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Science and Technology (GOI), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pranav Bhamidipati
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-IICT (Indian Institute of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Science and Technology (GOI), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Riyaz Syed
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-IICT (Indian Institute of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Science and Technology (GOI), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ramars Amanchy
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-IICT (Indian Institute of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Science and Technology (GOI), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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14
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Lin L, Zou X, Nong W, Ge Y, Li F, Luo B, Zhang Q, Xie X. The potential value of cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancer: Prognostic markers and targets for immunotherapy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1284. [PMID: 38896069 PMCID: PMC11186301 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor immunotherapy has become an important adjuvant therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In recent years, the role of tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in tumor immunotherapy has become increasingly prominent. Cancer-testis antigen (CTA) is a kind of TAA that is highly restricted in a variety of tumors and can induce an immune response. AIMS This review article aimed to evaluate the role of CTA on the progression of ovarian cancer, its diagnostic efficacy, and the potential for immunotherapy. METHODS We analyzed publications and outlined a comprehensive of overview the regulatory mechanism, immunogenicity, clinical expression significance, tumorigenesis, and application prospects of CTA in ovarian cancer, with a particular focus on recent progress in CTA-based immunotherapy. RESULTS The expression of CTA affects the occurrence, development, and prognosis of ovarian cancer and is closely related to tumor immunity. CONCLUSION CTA can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of ovarian cancer and is an ideal target for antitumor immunotherapy. These findings provide novel insights on CTA in the improvement of diagnosis and treatment for ovarian cancer. The successes, current challenges and future prospects were also discussed to portray its significant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weixia Nong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxun Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment of Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
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15
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Raut S, Singh K, Sanghvi S, Loyo-Celis V, Varghese L, Singh E, Gururaja Rao S, Singh H. Chloride ions in health and disease. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240029. [PMID: 38573803 PMCID: PMC11065649 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chloride is a key anion involved in cellular physiology by regulating its homeostasis and rheostatic processes. Changes in cellular Cl- concentration result in differential regulation of cellular functions such as transcription and translation, post-translation modifications, cell cycle and proliferation, cell volume, and pH levels. In intracellular compartments, Cl- modulates the function of lysosomes, mitochondria, endosomes, phagosomes, the nucleus, and the endoplasmic reticulum. In extracellular fluid (ECF), Cl- is present in blood/plasma and interstitial fluid compartments. A reduction in Cl- levels in ECF can result in cell volume contraction. Cl- is the key physiological anion and is a principal compensatory ion for the movement of the major cations such as Na+, K+, and Ca2+. Over the past 25 years, we have increased our understanding of cellular signaling mediated by Cl-, which has helped in understanding the molecular and metabolic changes observed in pathologies with altered Cl- levels. Here, we review the concentration of Cl- in various organs and cellular compartments, ion channels responsible for its transportation, and recent information on its physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K. Raut
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Kulwinder Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Shridhar Sanghvi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Veronica Loyo-Celis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Liyah Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Ekam R. Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | | | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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16
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Zhang M, Hu T, Ma T, Huang W, Wang Y. Epigenetics and environmental health. Front Med 2024:10.1007/s11684-023-1038-2. [PMID: 38806988 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and RNA modifications complicate gene regulation and heredity and profoundly impact various physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetics is vulnerable to environmental changes and regulates the growth, development, and diseases of individuals by affecting chromatin activity and regulating gene expression. Environmental exposure or induced epigenetic changes can regulate the state of development and lead to developmental disorders, aging, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, cancers, and so on. However, epigenetic modifications are reversible. The use of specific epigenetic inhibitors targeting epigenetic changes in response to environmental exposure is useful in disease therapy. Here, we provide an overview of the role of epigenetics in various diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the mechanism of epigenetic alterations induced by different environmental exposures, the influence of different environmental exposures, and the crosstalk between environmental variation epigenetics, and genes that are implicated in the body's health. However, the interaction of multiple factors and epigenetics in regulating the initiation and progression of various diseases complicates clinical treatments. We discuss some commonly used epigenetic drugs targeting epigenetic modifications and methods to prevent or relieve various diseases regulated by environmental exposure and epigenetics through diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tianyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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17
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Poore CP, Yang J, Wei S, Fhu CK, Bichler Z, Wang J, Soong TW, Liao P. Enhanced isradipine sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle cells due to hypoxia-induced Ca v1.2 splicing and RbFox1/Fox2 downregulation. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38794806 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Calcium influx via the L-type voltage-gated Cav1.2 calcium channel in smooth muscle cells regulates vascular contraction. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used to treat hypertension by inhibiting Cav1.2 channels. Using the vascular smooth muscle cell line, A7r5 and primary culture of cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells, we found that the expression and function of Cav1.2 channels are downregulated during hypoxia. Furthermore, hypoxia induces structural changes in Cav1.2 channels via alternative splicing. The expression of exon 9* is upregulated, whereas exon 33 is downregulated. Such structural alterations of Cav1.2 channels are caused by the decreased expression of RNA-binding proteins RNA-binding protein fox-1 homolog 1 and 2 (RbFox1 and RbFox2). Overexpression of RbFox1 and RbFox2 prevents hypoxia-induced exon 9* inclusion and exon 33 exclusion. Importantly, such structural alterations of the Cav1.2 channel partly contribute to the enhanced sensitivity of Cav1.2 to isradipine (a CCB) under hypoxia. Overexpression of RbFox1 and RbFox2 successfully reduces isradipine sensitivity in hypoxic smooth muscle cells. Our results suggest a new strategy to manage ischemic diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jialei Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shunhui Wei
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Chee Kong Fhu
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Zoë Bichler
- Neurobehavioural Phenotyping Core, Center for Biometric Analysis, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Juejin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tuck Wah Soong
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ping Liao
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore City, Singapore
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18
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Wang X, Zhong F, Chen T, Wang H, Wang W, Jin H, Li C, Guo X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Li B. Cholesterol neutralized vemurafenib treatment by promoting melanoma stem-like cells via its metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:226. [PMID: 38775844 PMCID: PMC11111659 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Vemurafenib has been used as first-line therapy for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAFV600E mutation. However, overall survival is still limited due to treatment resistance after about one year. Therefore, identifying new therapeutic targets for melanoma is crucial for improving clinical outcomes. In the present study, we found that lowering intracellular cholesterol by knocking down DHCR24, the limiting synthetase, impaired tumor cell proliferation and migration and abrogated the ability to xenotransplant tumors. More importantly, administration of DHCR24 or cholesterol mediated resistance to vemurafenib and promoted the growth of melanoma spheroids. Mechanistically, we identified that 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), a primary metabolite of cholesterol synthesized by the enzyme cytochrome P450 27A1 (CYP27A1), reproduces the phenotypes induced by DHCR24 or cholesterol administration and activates Rap1-PI3K/AKT signaling. Accordingly, CYP27A1 is highly expressed in melanoma patients and upregulated by DHCR24 induction. Dafadine-A, a CYP27A1 inhibitor, attenuates cholesterol-induced growth of melanoma spheroids and abrogates the resistance property of vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells. Finally, we confirmed that the effects of cholesterol on melanoma resistance require its metabolite 27HC through CYP27A1 catalysis, and that 27HC further upregulates Rap1A/Rap1B expression and increases AKT phosphorylation. Thus, our results suggest that targeting 27HC may be a useful strategy to overcome treatment resistance in metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Feiliang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Weifang Wang
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongkai Jin
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Chouyang Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan Guo
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranotics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-Related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
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Du R, Fan S, Yang D, Wang X, Hou X, Zeng C, Guo D, Tian R, Jiang L, Dong X, Yu R, Yu H, Zhu S, Li J, Shi A. Exploration of lymph node recurrence patterns and delineation guidelines of radiation field in middle thoracic oesophageal carcinomas after radical surgery: a real-world study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:596. [PMID: 38755542 PMCID: PMC11097414 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed carcinomas in China, and postoperative radiotherapy plays an important role in improving the prognosis of patients. Carcinomas in different locations of the oesophagus could have different patterns of lymph node metastasis after surgery. METHODS In this multicentric retrospective study, we enrolled patients with middle thoracic oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas from 3 cancer centres, and none of the patients underwent radiotherapy before or after surgery. We analysed the lymph node recurrence rates in different stations to explore the postoperative lymphatic recurrence pattern. RESULTS From January 1st, 2014, to December 31st, 2019, 132 patients met the criteria, and were included in this study. The lymphatic recurrence rate was 62.1%. Pathological stage (P = 0.032) and lymphadenectomy method (P = 0.006) were significant predictive factors of lymph node recurrence. The recurrence rates in the supraclavicular, upper and lower paratracheal stations of lymph nodes were 32.6%, 28.8% and 16.7%, respectively, showing a high incidence. The recurrence rate of the subcarinal node station was 9.8%, while 8.3% (upper, middle and lower) thoracic para-oesophageal nodes had recurrences. CONCLUSIONS We recommend including the supraclavicular, upper and lower paratracheal stations of lymph nodes in the postoperative radiation field in middle thoracic oesophageal carcinomas. Subcarinal station is also potentially high-risk, while whether to include thoracic para-oesophageal or abdominal nodes needs careful consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxu Du
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Oncology Division I, China Pingmei Shenma Medical Group General Hospital, Kuanggongzhong Rd.1, Xinhua District, Pingdingshan Henan, 450052, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei Cancer Hospital, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, JianKang Rd.12, Shijiazhuang Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Xia Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.3 Workers New Village, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Central Theater General Hospital, Wuluo Rd. 627, Wuchang District, Wuhan Hubei, 430061, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.3 Workers New Village, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China
| | - Rongrong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.3 Workers New Village, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China
| | - Leilei Jiang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Huiming Yu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Shuchai Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei Cancer Hospital, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, JianKang Rd.12, Shijiazhuang Hebei, 050011, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.3 Workers New Village, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China.
| | - Anhui Shi
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
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20
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Soroush A, Pourhossein S, Hosseingholizadeh D, Hjazi A, Shahhosseini R, Kavoosi H, Kermanshahi N, Behnamrad P, Ghavamikia N, Dadashpour M, Karkon Shayan S. Anti-cancer potential of zerumbone in cancer and glioma: current trends and future perspectives. Med Oncol 2024; 41:125. [PMID: 38652207 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived immunomodulators and antitumor factors have appealed lots of attention from natural product scientists for their efficiency and safety and their important contribution to well-designed targeted drug action and delivery mechanisms. Zerumbone (ZER), the chief component of Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes, has been examined for its wide-spectrum in the treatment of multi-targeted diseases. The rhizomes have been used as food flavoring agents in numerous cuisines and in flora medication. Numerous in vivo and in vitro experiments have prepared confirmation of ZER as a potent immunomodulator as well as a potential anti-tumor agent. This review is an interesting compilation of all the important results of the research carried out to date to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of ZER. The ultimate goal of this comprehensive review is to supply updated information and a crucial evaluation on ZER, including its chemistry and immunomodulating and antitumour properties, which may be of principal importance to supply a novel pathway for subsequent investigation to discover new agents to treat cancers and immune-related sickness. In addition, updated information on the toxicology of ZER has been summarized to support its safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siavash Pourhossein
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Haniyeh Kavoosi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazgol Kermanshahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Behnamrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Ghavamikia
- Cardiology Department, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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21
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Li B, Li M, Qi X, Tong T, Zhang G. The causal associations of circulating lipids with Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Cancer: a bi-directional, two sample mendelian randomization analysis. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:37. [PMID: 38627859 PMCID: PMC11020202 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The causal associations of circulating lipids with Barrett's Esophagus (BE) and Esophageal Cancer (EC) has been a topic of debate. This study sought to elucidate the causality between circulating lipids and the risk of BE and EC. METHODS We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of circulating lipids (n = 94,595 - 431,167 individuals), BE (218,792 individuals), and EC (190,190 individuals) obtained from the publicly available IEU OpenGWAS database. The robustness and reliability of the results were ensured by employing inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO methods. The presence of horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities, and stability of instrumental variables were assessed through MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. Additionally, bidirectional MR and multivariable MR (MVMR) were performed to explore reverse causality and adjust for known confounders, respectively. RESULTS None of the testing methods revealed statistically significant horizontal pleiotropy, directional pleiotropy, or heterogeneity. Univariate MR analyses using IVW indicated a robust causal relationship between increased triglycerides and BE (odds ratio [OR] = 1.79, p-value = 0.009), while no significant association with EC was observed. Inverse MR analysis indicated no evidence of reverse causality in the aforementioned outcomes. In MVMR analyses, elevated triglycerides (TRG) were significantly and positively associated with BE risk (OR = 1.79, p-value = 0.041). CONCLUSION This MR study suggested that genetically increased triglycerides were closely related to an elevated risk of BE, potentially serving as a biomarker for the diagnosis of BE in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xiao Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Ti Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Guangxin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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22
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Cheng L, Chen L, Shi Y, Gu W, Ding W, Zheng X, Liu Y, Jiang J, Zheng Z. Efficacy and safety of bispecific antibodies vs. immune checkpoint blockade combination therapy in cancer: a real-world comparison. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:77. [PMID: 38627681 PMCID: PMC11020943 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging tumor immunotherapy methods encompass bispecific antibodies (BSABs), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and adoptive cell immunotherapy. BSABs belong to the antibody family that can specifically recognize two different antigens or epitopes on the same antigen. These antibodies demonstrate superior clinical efficacy than monoclonal antibodies, indicating their role as a promising tumor immunotherapy option. Immune checkpoints are also important in tumor immunotherapy. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a widely acknowledged immune checkpoint target with effective anti-tumor activity. PD-1 inhibitors have demonstrated notable therapeutic efficacy in treating hematological and solid tumors; however, more than 50% of patients undergoing this treatment exhibit a poor response. However, ICI-based combination therapies (ICI combination therapies) have been demonstrated to synergistically increase anti-tumor effects and immune response rates. In this review, we compare the clinical efficacy and side effects of BSABs and ICI combination therapies in real-world tumor immunotherapy, aiming to provide evidence-based approaches for clinical research and personalized tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, China
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Laboratory of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Weiying Gu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weidong Ding
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, China.
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, China.
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Zhuojun Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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23
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Nayerpour Dizaj T, Doustmihan A, Sadeghzadeh Oskouei B, Akbari M, Jaymand M, Mazloomi M, Jahanban-Esfahlan R. Significance of PSCA as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:135. [PMID: 38627732 PMCID: PMC11020972 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the contributing factors in the diagnosis and treatment of most cancers is the identification of their surface antigens. Cancer tissues or cells have their specific antigens. Some antigens that are present in many cancers elicit different functions. One of these antigens is the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) antigen, which was first identified in the prostate. PSCA is a cell surface protein that has different functions in different tissues. It can play an inhibitory role in cell proliferation as well as a tumor-inducing role. PSCA has several genetic variants involved in cancer susceptibility in some tissues, so identifying the characteristics of this antigen and its relationship with clinical features can provide more information on diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancers. Most studies on the PSCA have focused on prostate cancer. While it is also expressed in other cancers, little attention has been paid to its role as a valuable diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool in other cancers. PSCA has several genetic variants that seem to play a significant role in cancer susceptibility in some tissues, so identifying the characteristics of this antigen and its relationship and variants with clinical features can be beneficial in concomitant cancer therapy and diagnosis, as theranostic tools. In this study, we will review the alteration of the PSCA expression and its polymorphisms and evaluate its clinical and theranostics significance in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Nayerpour Dizaj
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Doustmihan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - MirAhmad Mazloomi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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24
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Qu HT, Li Q, Hao L, Ni YJ, Luan WY, Yang Z, Chen XD, Zhang TT, Miao YD, Zhang F. Esophageal cancer screening, early detection and treatment: Current insights and future directions. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1180-1191. [PMID: 38660654 PMCID: PMC11037049 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally, primarily due to its highly aggressive nature and poor survival rates. According to the 2020 global cancer statistics, there were approximately 604000 new cases of esophageal cancer, resulting in 544000 deaths. The 5-year survival rate hovers around a mere 15%-25%. Notably, distinct variations exist in the risk factors associated with the two primary histological types, influencing their worldwide incidence and distribution. Squamous cell carcinoma displays a high incidence in specific regions, such as certain areas in China, where it meets the cost-effectiveness criteria for widespread endoscopy-based early diagnosis within the local population. Conversely, adenocarcinoma (EAC) represents the most common histological subtype of esophageal cancer in Europe and the United States. The role of early diagnosis in cases of EAC originating from Barrett's esophagus (BE) remains a subject of controversy. The effectiveness of early detection for EAC, particularly those arising from BE, continues to be a debated topic. The variations in how early-stage esophageal carcinoma is treated in different regions are largely due to the differing rates of early-stage cancer diagnoses. In areas with higher incidences, such as China and Japan, early diagnosis is more common, which has led to the advancement of endoscopic methods as definitive treatments. These techniques have demonstrated remarkable efficacy with minimal complications while preserving esophageal functionality. Early screening, prompt diagnosis, and timely treatment are key strategies that can significantly lower both the occurrence and death rates associated with esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Qu
- Department of Emergency, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qing Li
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Liang Hao
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Jing Ni
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Yu Luan
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Chen
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tong-Tong Zhang
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Dong Miao
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong Province, China
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25
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Hou W, Yin S, Li P, Zhang L, Chen T, Qin D, Mustafa AU, Liu C, Song M, Qiu C, Xiong X, Wang J. Aberrant splicing of Ca V1.2 calcium channel induced by decreased Rbfox1 enhances arterial constriction during diabetic hyperglycemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:164. [PMID: 38575795 PMCID: PMC10995029 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic hyperglycemia induces dysfunctions of arterial smooth muscle, leading to diabetic vascular complications. The CaV1.2 calcium channel is one primary pathway for Ca2+ influx, which initiates vasoconstriction. However, the long-term regulation mechanism(s) for vascular CaV1.2 functions under hyperglycemic condition remains unknown. Here, Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat diet in combination with low dose streptozotocin and Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were used as diabetic models. Isolated mesenteric arteries (MAs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from rat models were used to assess K+-induced arterial constriction and CaV1.2 channel functions using vascular myograph and whole-cell patch clamp, respectively. K+-induced vasoconstriction is persistently enhanced in the MAs from diabetic rats, and CaV1.2 alternative spliced exon 9* is increased, while exon 33 is decreased in rat diabetic arteries. Furthermore, CaV1.2 channels exhibit hyperpolarized current-voltage and activation curve in VSMCs from diabetic rats, which facilitates the channel function. Unexpectedly, the application of glycated serum (GS), mimicking advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), but not glucose, downregulates the expression of the splicing factor Rbfox1 in VSMCs. Moreover, GS application or Rbfox1 knockdown dynamically regulates alternative exons 9* and 33, leading to facilitated functions of CaV1.2 channels in VSMCs and MAs. Notably, GS increases K+-induced intracellular calcium concentration of VSMCs and the vasoconstriction of MAs. These results reveal that AGEs, not glucose, long-termly regulates CaV1.2 alternative splicing events by decreasing Rbfox1 expression, thereby enhancing channel functions and increasing vasoconstriction under diabetic hyperglycemia. This study identifies the specific molecular mechanism for enhanced vasoconstriction under hyperglycemia, providing a potential target for managing diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shumin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ludan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiange Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongxia Qin
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Atta Ul Mustafa
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caijie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Song
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Nanjing Comprehensive Stroke Center, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Juejin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhou X, Bao W, Zhu X, Wang D, Zeng P, Xia G, Xing M, Zhan Y, Yan J, Yuan M, Zhao Q. Molecular characteristics and multivariate survival analysis of 43 patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:1843-1853. [PMID: 38617776 PMCID: PMC11009591 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis and high incidence. It is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate is only 12-20%. The rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has provided powerful help for the treatment and management of EC patients. Methods Tumor tissue and blood samples of 43 Chinese patients with nonsurgical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were sequenced using a 425 gene-panel. Genomic profiling was explored and and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the correlations between gene or signaling pathway alterations and prognosis. Results In this study, the most common mutated genes were TP53 (90.5%), CCND1 (45.2%), FGF19 (38.1%), NOTCH1 (26.2%), PI3KCA (21.4%) and CDKN2A (19%). Among these mutations, PI3KCA and NOTCH1 showed mutual exclusion to some extent. In the univariate model, mutations in NOTCH1, CBLB and TSC2 genes and tumor mutation burden (TMB) ≥7 were independent biomarkers of OS. NOTCH1 (P=0.007, HR =2.87), CBLB (P=0.011, HR =4.68) and TSC2 (P=0.024, HR =3.7) were significantly associated with poorer OS, and patients with TMB ≥7 had longer OS (P=0.151, HR =0.31). In addition, patients who carried alteration in NOTCH signaling pathway had reduced OS (P=0.014, HR =2.54). Conclusions NOTCH1, CBLB and TSC2 alterations were found to be potential indicators of poor prognosis in patients with ESCC. TMB was also positively correlated with the OS of ESCC patients, providing valuable insights for their treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuan Bao
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Wang
- Medical Department, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Zeng
- Department of Digestology, Zhejiang Medical & Health Group, Hangzhou Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guojie Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Minyan Xing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Haining Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Yanyan Zhan
- Medical Department, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - Junrong Yan
- Medical Department, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - Minchi Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiashan, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Liu J, Zhu L, Huang X, Lu Z, Wang Y, Yang Y, Ye J, Gu C, Lv W, Zhang C, Hu J. Does the time interval from neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy to surgery affect outcomes for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:161. [PMID: 38536527 PMCID: PMC10972911 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no consensus on the optimal interval time between neoadjuvant therapy and surgery, and whether prolonged time interval from neoadjuvant therapy to surgery results in bad outcomes for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we aim to evaluate outcomes of time intervals ≤ 8 weeks and > 8 weeks in locally advanced ESCC. METHODS This retrospective study consecutively included ESCC patients who received esophagectomy after neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The primary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), while the secondary endpoints were pathological response, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications. RESULTS From 2019 to 2021, a total of 80 patients were included in our study and were divided into two groups according to the time interval from neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy to surgery: ≤ 8 weeks group (n = 44) and > 8 weeks group (n = 36). The rate of MPR in the ≤ 8 weeks group was 25.0% and 27.8% in the > 8 weeks group (P = 0.779). The rate of pCR in the ≤ 8 weeks group was 11.4%, with 16.7% in the > 8 weeks group (P = 0.493). The incidence of postoperative complications in the ≤ 8 weeks group was 27.3% and 19.4% in the > 8 weeks group (P = 0.413). The median DFS in the two groups had not yet reached (hazard ratio [HR], 3.153; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.383 to 6.851; P = 0.004). The median OS of ≤ 8 weeks group was not achieved (HR, 3.703; 95% CI 1.584 to 8.657; P = 0.0012), with the > 8 weeks group 31.6 months (95% CI 21.1 to 42.1). In multivariable analysis, inferior DFS and OS were observed in patients with interval time > 8 weeks (HR, 2.992; 95% CI 1.306 to 6.851; and HR, 3.478; 95% CI 1.481 to 8.170, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Locally advanced ESCC patients with time interval from neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy to surgery > 8 weeks were associated with worse long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Linhai Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Xuhua Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhongjie Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yanye Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuhong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiayue Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chen Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Wang Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Evaluation Technology for Medical Device of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Tian Z, Han C, Xu L, Teng Z, Song W. MGCNSS: miRNA-disease association prediction with multi-layer graph convolution and distance-based negative sample selection strategy. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae168. [PMID: 38622356 PMCID: PMC11018511 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying disease-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) could help understand the deep mechanism of diseases, which promotes the development of new medicine. Recently, network-based approaches have been widely proposed for inferring the potential associations between miRNAs and diseases. However, these approaches ignore the importance of different relations in meta-paths when learning the embeddings of miRNAs and diseases. Besides, they pay little attention to screening out reliable negative samples which is crucial for improving the prediction accuracy. In this study, we propose a novel approach named MGCNSS with the multi-layer graph convolution and high-quality negative sample selection strategy. Specifically, MGCNSS first constructs a comprehensive heterogeneous network by integrating miRNA and disease similarity networks coupled with their known association relationships. Then, we employ the multi-layer graph convolution to automatically capture the meta-path relations with different lengths in the heterogeneous network and learn the discriminative representations of miRNAs and diseases. After that, MGCNSS establishes a highly reliable negative sample set from the unlabeled sample set with the negative distance-based sample selection strategy. Finally, we train MGCNSS under an unsupervised learning manner and predict the potential associations between miRNAs and diseases. The experimental results fully demonstrate that MGCNSS outperforms all baseline methods on both balanced and imbalanced datasets. More importantly, we conduct case studies on colon neoplasms and esophageal neoplasms, further confirming the ability of MGCNSS to detect potential candidate miRNAs. The source code is publicly available on GitHub https://github.com/15136943622/MGCNSS/tree/master.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tian
- School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Chenguang Han
- School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Lewen Xu
- School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhixia Teng
- College of Computer and Control Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Pan J, Jia Y, Shi J, Yao R, Guo J. The efficacy and safety of compound kushen injection for adults with esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117604. [PMID: 38113988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Compound Kushen injection (CKI), derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Sophora flavescens, has been widely prescribed to treat a variety of cancers including esophageal cancer (ESCA) in China. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CKI for ESCA systematically. METHODS The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database with No. CRD42022320503. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Database, Clinicaltrials, and Chi-CTR were searched to select RCTs that compared CKI with other interventions for ESCA with outcome measures including clinical efficacy, complete response, quality of life (QoL), adverse events (AEs), and serious AEs (SAEs). The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) tool was used to assess the quality of RCT. The overall effect sizes were estimated with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) on binary outcome data. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate effect sizes. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses on characteristics of RCTs were performed to test the robustness. Publication bias was also detected with different methods. The evidence strength was assessed with the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. RESULTS This study finally included 35 RCTs with 2491 ESCA patients. The RoB of RCTs was some concern. The effect size of OR was 2.92 (95% CI [2.39, 3.57]) on clinical efficacy, 2.27 (95% CI [1.84, 2.81]) on complete response, 3.71 (95% CI [2.86, 4.80]) on QoL, 0.39 (95% CI [0.30, 0.50]) on AEs, and 0.13 (95% CI [0.07, 0.27]) on SAEs where the statistical significances (P < 0.00001) were found for all outcome measures. These overall effect sizes showed that CKI was more efficacious and safety for ESCA. Moreover, subgroup and sensitivity analyses found consistent results. Most publication bias analyses showed insignificant differences. The evidence strengths were moderate. CONCLUSION The moderate evidence from this comprehensive PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis suggested that CKI may be a valuable alternative for adult patients with ESCA on its significant efficacy and safety. However, more RCTs of high quality with low RoB, large sample sizes, and long follow-up periods are still warranted to update the ESCA clinical guideline for physicians and policymakers in further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangpeng Pan
- The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Yongliang Jia
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Ruinan Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Jiancheng Guo
- The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Milone M, Bianchi PP, Cianchi F, Coratti A, D'Amore A, De Manzoni G, De Pasqual CA, Formisano G, Jovine E, Morelli L, Offi M, Peri A, Pietrabissa A, Staderini F, Tribuzi A, Giacopuzzi S. Fashioning esophagogastric anastomosis in robotic Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy: a multicenter experience. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 409:103. [PMID: 38517543 PMCID: PMC10959816 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study is to compare outcomes of the robotic hand-sewn, linear- and circular-stapled techniques performed to create an intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis in patients who underwent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. METHODS Patients who underwent a planned Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy were retrospectively analysed from prospectively maintained databases. Only patients who underwent a robotic thoracic approach with the creation of an intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: hand-sewn-, circular stapled-, and linear-stapled anastomosis group. Demographic information and surgery-related data were extracted. The primary outcome was the rate of anastomotic leakages (AL) in the three groups. Moreover, the rate of grade A, B and C anastomotic leakage were evaluated. In addition, patients of each group were divided in subgroups according to the characteristics of anastomotic fashioning technique. RESULTS Two hundred and thirty patients were enrolled in the study. No significant differences were found between the three groups about AL rate (p = 0.137). Considering the management of the AL for each of the three groups, no significant differences were found. Evaluating the correlation between AL rate and the characteristics of anastomotic fashioning technique, no significant differences were found. CONCLUSIONS No standardized anastomotic fashioning technique has yet been generally accepted. This study could be considered a call to perform ad hoc high-quality studies involving high-volume centers for upper gastrointestinal surgery to evaluate what is the most advantageous anastomotic technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Milone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ″Federico II″ University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Cianchi
- Chirurgia Dell'Apparato Digerente Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Anna D'Amore
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ″Federico II″ University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanni De Manzoni
- General and Upper GI Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto De Pasqual
- General and Upper GI Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Elio Jovine
- Department of General Surgery, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, 40133, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Morelli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariafortuna Offi
- Department of General Surgery, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, 40133, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Peri
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Surgery, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Staderini
- Chirurgia Dell'Apparato Digerente Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Simone Giacopuzzi
- General and Upper GI Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Sharip A, Rakhimova S, Molkenov A, Ashenova A, Kozhamkulov U, Akhmetollayev I, Zinovyev A, Zhukov Y, Omarov M, Tuleutaev M, Rakhmetova V, Terwilliger JD, Lee JH, Zhumadilov Z, Akilzhanova A, Kairov U. Transcriptome profiling and analysis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from Kazakhstan. Front Genet 2024; 15:1249751. [PMID: 38562378 PMCID: PMC10982404 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1249751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant subtype of esophageal cancer in Central Asia, often diagnosed at advanced stages. Understanding population-specific patterns of ESCC is crucial for tailored treatments. This study aimed to unravel ESCC's genetic basis in Kazakhstani patients and identify potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted therapies. ESCC patients from Kazakhstan were studied. We analyzed histological subtypes and conducted in-depth transcriptome sequencing. Differential gene expression analysis was performed, and significantly dysregulated pathways were identified using KEGG pathway analysis (p-value < 0.05). Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed to elucidate key modules and their functions. Among Kazakhstani patients, ESCC with moderate dysplasia was the most prevalent subtype. We identified 42 significantly upregulated and two significantly downregulated KEGG pathways, highlighting molecular mechanisms driving ESCC pathogenesis. Immune-related pathways, such as viral protein interaction with cytokines, rheumatoid arthritis, and oxidative phosphorylation, were elevated, suggesting immune system involvement. Conversely, downregulated pathways were associated with extracellular matrix degradation, crucial in cancer invasion and metastasis. Protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed four distinct modules with specific functions, implicating pathways in esophageal cancer development. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing elucidated critical molecular pathways underlying esophageal carcinogenesis in Kazakhstani patients. Insights into dysregulated pathways offer potential for early diagnosis and precision treatment strategies for ESCC. Understanding population-specific patterns is essential for personalized approaches to ESCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigul Sharip
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Saule Rakhimova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Askhat Molkenov
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Ashenova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulan Kozhamkulov
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Yuri Zhukov
- Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Marat Omarov
- Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Venera Rakhmetova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Joseph D. Terwilliger
- Sergiеvsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joseph H. Lee
- Sergiеvsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Departments of Epidemiology and Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhaxybay Zhumadilov
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Akilzhanova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulykbek Kairov
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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Sun Q, Jin C. Cell signaling and epigenetic regulation of nicotine-induced carcinogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123426. [PMID: 38295934 PMCID: PMC10939829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Nicotine, a naturally occurring tobacco alkaloid responsible for tobacco addiction, has long been considered non-carcinogenic. However, emerging evidence suggests that nicotine may possess carcinogenic properties in mice and could be a potential carcinogen in humans. This review aims to summarize the potential molecular mechanisms underlying nicotine-induced carcinogenesis, with a specific focus on epigenetic regulation and the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in addition to genotoxicity and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, we explore a novel hypothesis regarding nicotine's carcinogenicity involving the downregulation of stem-loop binding protein (SLBP), a critical regulator of canonical histone mRNA, and the polyadenylation of canonical histone mRNA. By shedding light on these mechanisms, this review underscores the need for further research to elucidate the carcinogenic potential of nicotine and its implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110013, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Chunyuan Jin
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Ajenu EO, Seideneck AM, Pandellapalli E, Shinsky EM, Humphries CL, Aparicio NL, Sharma M, Marden JH, Krasilnikova MM. ABCG2 transporter reduces protein aggregation in cigarette smoke condensate-exposed A549 lung cancer cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297661. [PMID: 38442133 PMCID: PMC10914296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke-induced protein aggregation damages the lung cells in emphysema and COPD; however, lung cancer cells continue to thrive, evolving to persist in the toxic environment. Here, we showed that upon the cigarette smoke condensate exposure, A549 lung cancer cells exhibit better survival and reduced level of protein aggregation when compared to non-cancerous Beas-2B and H-6053 cells. Our data suggests that upregulation of efflux pumps in cancer cells assists in reducing smoke toxicity. Specifically, we demonstrated that inhibition of the ABCG2 transporter in A549 by febuxostat or its downregulation by shRNA-mediated RNA interference resulted in a significant increase in protein aggregation due to smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuella O. Ajenu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - Ashley M. Seideneck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - Esh Pandellapalli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - Emily M. Shinsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - Casey L. Humphries
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - Nicholas L. Aparicio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - Mahak Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - James H. Marden
- Department of Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
| | - Maria M. Krasilnikova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United states of America
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Zhang D, Li J, Lu T, Zhao F, Guo P, Li Z, Duan X, Li Y, Li S, Li J. Illuminating Shared Genetic Associations Between Oesophageal Carcinoma and Pulmonary Carcinoma Risk. J Cancer 2024; 15:2412-2423. [PMID: 38495498 PMCID: PMC10937272 DOI: 10.7150/jca.92899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer and oesophageal cancer are prevalent malignancies with rising incidence and mortality worldwide. While some environmental and behavioural risk factors for these cancers are established, the contribution of genetic factors to their pathogenesis remains incompletely defined. This study aimed to interrogate the intricate genetic relationship between lung cancer and oesophageal cancer and their potential comorbidity. Methods: We utilised linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) to analyse the genetic correlation between oesophageal carcinoma and lung carcinoma. We then employed several approaches, including pleiotropic analysis under the composite null hypothesis (PLACO), multi-marker analysis of genomic annotation (MAGMA), cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis, and a pan-cancer assessment to identify pleiotropic loci and genes. Finally, we performed bidirectional Mendelian randomisation (MR) to evaluate the causal relationship between these malignancies. Results: LDSC revealed a significant genetic correlation between oesophageal carcinoma and lung carcinoma. Further analysis identified shared gene loci including PGBD1, ZNF323, and WNK1 using PLACO. MAGMA identified enriched pathways and 9 pleiotropic genes including HIST1H1B, HIST1H4L, and HIST1H2BL. eQTL analysis integrating oesophageal, lung, and blood tissues revealed 26 shared genes including TERT, NKAPL, RAD52, BTN3A2, GABBR1, CLPTM1L, and TRIM27. A pan-cancer exploration of the identified genes was undertaken. MR analysis showed no evidence for a bidirectional causal relationship between oesophageal carcinoma and lung carcinoma. Conclusions: This study provides salient insights into the intricate genetic links between lung carcinoma and oesophageal carcinoma. Utilising multiple approaches for genetic correlation, locus and gene analysis, and causal assessment, we identify shared genetic susceptibilities and regulatory mechanisms. These findings reveal new leads and targets to further elucidate the genetic basis of lung and oesophageal carcinoma, aiding development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tianxing Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fangchao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhirong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoliang Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yishuai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianhang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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Zhang B, Li J, Wang Y, Liu X, Yang X, Liao Z, Deng S, Deng Y, Zhou Z, Tian Y, Wei W, Meng J, Hu Y, Wan C, Zhang Z, Huang F, Wen L, Wu B, Sun Y, Li Y, Yang K. Deubiquitinase USP7 stabilizes KDM5B and promotes tumor progression and cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the ZBTB16/TOP2A axis. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:309-321. [PMID: 38287116 PMCID: PMC10923876 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy improves the control of distant metastases in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, around 30% of patients fail treatment due to acquired drug resistance. Epigenetic regulation is known to contribute to cisplatin resistance; nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that lysine-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B) was overexpressed and correlates with tumor progression and cisplatin resistance in patients with NPC. We also showed that specific inhibition of KDM5B impaired the progression of NPC and reverses cisplatin resistance, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that KDM5B inhibited the expression of ZBTB16 by directly reducing H3K4me3 at the ZBTB16 promoter, which subsequently increased the expression of Topoisomerase II- α (TOP2A) to confer cisplatin resistance in NPC. In addition, we showed that the deubiquitinase USP7 was critical for deubiquitinating and stabilizing KDM5B. More importantly, the deletion of USP7 increased sensitivity to cisplatin by disrupting the stability of KDM5B in NPC cells. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that USP7 stabilized KDM5B and promoted cisplatin resistance through the ZBTB16/TOP2A axis, suggesting that targeting KDM5B may be a promising cisplatin-sensitization strategy in the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jie Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhiyun Liao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Suke Deng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhou
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenwen Wei
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jingshu Meng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhanjie Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bian Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yajie Sun
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Chang Z, Jia Y, Gao M, Song L, Zhang W, Zhao R, Yu D, Liu X, Li J, Qin Y. PHF5A promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via stabilizing VEGFA. Biol Direct 2024; 19:19. [PMID: 38429756 PMCID: PMC10905922 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main subtype of esophageal cancer. Current therapeutic effect is far from satisfaction. Hence, identifying susceptible genes and potential targets is necessary for therapy of ESCC patients. METHODS Plant homeodomain (PHD)-finger domain protein 5 A (PHF5A) expression in ESCC tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. RNA interference was used for in vitro loss-of-function experiments. In vivo assay was performed using xenograft mice model by subcutaneous injection. Besides, microarray assay and co-immunoprecipitation experiments were used to study the potential downstream molecules of PHF5A in ESCC. The molecular mechanism between PHF5A and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was explored by a series of ubiquitination related assays. RESULTS We found that PHF5A was highly expressed in ESCC tissues compared to normal tissues and that was correlated with poor prognosis of ESCC. Loss-of-function experiments revealed that PHF5A silence remarkably inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and induced apoptosis as well as cell cycle arrest. Consistently, in vivo assay demonstrated that PHF5A deficiency was able to attenuate tumor growth. Furthermore, molecular studies showed that PHF5A silencing promoted VEGFA ubiquitination by interacting with MDM2, thereby regulating VEGFA protein expression. Subsequently, in rescue experiments, our data suggested that ESCC cell viability and migration promoted by PHF5A were dependent on intact VEGFA. Finally, PI3K/AKT signaling rescue was able to alleviate shPHF5A-mediated cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSION PHF5A is a tumor promoter in ESCC, which is dependent on VEGFA and PI3K/AKT signaling. PHF5A might serve as a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Chang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yongxu Jia
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lijie Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China.
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Cao J, Wei Z, Nie Y, Chen HZ. Therapeutic potential of alternative splicing in cardiovascular diseases. EBioMedicine 2024; 101:104995. [PMID: 38350330 PMCID: PMC10874720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.104995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing is an important RNA processing step required by multiexon protein-coding mRNAs and some noncoding RNAs. Precise RNA splicing is required for maintaining gene and cell function; however, mis-spliced RNA transcripts can lead to loss- or gain-of-function effects in human diseases. Mis-spliced RNAs induced by gene mutations or the dysregulation of splicing regulators may result in frameshifts, nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), or inclusion/exclusion of exons. Genetic animal models have characterised multiple splicing factors required for cardiac development or function. Moreover, sarcomeric and ion channel genes, which are closely associated with cardiovascular function and disease, are hotspots for AS. Here, we summarise splicing factors and their targets that are associated with cardiovascular diseases, introduce some therapies potentially related to pathological AS targets, and raise outstanding questions and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China; University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Ziyu Wei
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Medical Epigenetics Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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38
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Chakraborty D, Coslo DM, Murray IA, Vijay A, Patterson AD, Perdew GH. Immune cell-intrinsic Ah receptor facilitates the expression of antimicrobial REG3G in the small intestine. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23471. [PMID: 38358358 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302319r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelial layer is susceptible to damage by chemical, physiological and mechanical stress. While it is essential to maintain the integrity of epithelium, the biochemical pathways that contribute to the barrier function have not been completely investigated. Here we demonstrate an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-dependent mechanism facilitating the production of the antimicrobial peptide AMP regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma (REG3G), which is essential for intestinal homeostasis. Genetic ablation of AHR in mice impairs pSTAT3-mediated REG3G expression and increases bacterial numbers of Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) and Akkermansia muciniphila in the small intestine. Studies with tissue-specific conditional knockout mice revealed that the presence of AHR in the epithelial cells of the small intestine is not required for the production of REG3G through the phosphorylated STAT3-mediated pathway. However, immune-cell-specific AHR activity is necessary for normal expression of REG3G in all regions of the small intestine. A diet rich in broccoli, capable of inducing AHR activity, increases REG3G production when compared to a semi-purified diet that is devoid of ligands that can potentially activate the AHR, thus highlighting the importance of AHR in antimicrobial function. Overall, these data suggest that homeostatic antimicrobial REG3G production is increased by an AHR pathway intrinsic to the immune cells in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopriya Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Denise M Coslo
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Iain A Murray
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anitha Vijay
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gary H Perdew
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Surendran A, Huang C, Liu L. Circular RNAs and their roles in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:77. [PMID: 38321530 PMCID: PMC10848557 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease with limited treatment options. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a novel class of non-coding RNAs with diverse functions in cellular processes. This review paper aims to explore the potential involvement of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of IPF and their diagnostic and therapeutic implications. We begin by providing an overview of the epidemiology and risk factors associated with IPF, followed by a discussion of the pathophysiology underlying this complex disease. Subsequently, we delve into the history, types, biogenesis, and functions of circRNAs and then emphasize their regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of IPF. Furthermore, we examine the current methodologies for detecting circRNAs and explore their diagnostic applications in IPF. Finally, we discuss the potential utility of circRNAs in the treatment of IPF. In conclusion, circRNAs hold great promise as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Surendran
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.
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Bowers EC, Cavalcante AM, Nguyen K, Li C, Wang Y, El-Zein R, Chen SH, Kim MP, McKay BS, Ramos KS. Long Interspersed Nuclear Element-1 Analytes in Extracellular Vesicles as Tools for Molecular Diagnostics of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1169. [PMID: 38256242 PMCID: PMC10816871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the oncogenic retrotransposon LINE-1 is a hallmark of various cancer types, including non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Here, we present proof-of-principle evidence that LINE-1 analytes in extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as tools for molecular diagnostics of NSCLC, with LINE-1 status in tumor cells and tissues mirroring the LINE-1 mRNA and ORF1p cargos of EVs from lung cancer cell culture conditioned media or human plasma. The levels of LINE-1 analytes in plasma EVs from ostensibly healthy individuals were higher in females than males. While the profiles of LINE-1 mRNA and ORF1p in African Americans compared to Hispanics were not significantly different, African Americans showed slightly higher ORF1p content, and 2-3 times greater ranges of LINE-1 values compared to Hispanics. Whole plasma ORF1p levels correlated with EV ORF1p levels, indicating that most of the circulating LINE-1 protein is contained within EVs. EV LINE-1 mRNA levels were elevated in patients with advanced cancer stages and in select patients with squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic tumors compared to adenocarcinomas. The observed EV LINE-1 mRNA profiles paralleled the patterns of ORF1p expression in NSCLC tissue sections suggesting that LINE-1 analytes in plasma EVs may serve to monitor the activity of LINE-1 retroelements in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Bowers
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Alexandre M. Cavalcante
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Kimberly Nguyen
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Can Li
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingshan Wang
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Randa El-Zein
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Min P. Kim
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Brian S. McKay
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Kenneth S. Ramos
- Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (E.C.B.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
- Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and the Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.E.-Z.); (S.-H.C.)
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Mehta A, Stanger BZ. Lineage Plasticity: The New Cancer Hallmark on the Block. Cancer Res 2024; 84:184-191. [PMID: 37963209 PMCID: PMC10841583 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasticity refers to the ability of cells to adopt a spectrum of states or phenotypes. In cancer, it is a critical contributor to tumor initiation, progression, invasiveness, and therapy resistance, and it has recently been recognized as an emerging cancer hallmark. Plasticity can occur as a result of cell-intrinsic factors (e.g., genetic, transcriptional, or epigenetic fluctuations), or through cell-extrinsic cues (e.g., signaling from components of the tumor microenvironment or selective pressure from therapy). Over the past decade, technological advances, analysis of patient samples, and studies in mouse model systems have led to a deeper understanding of how such plastic states come about. In this review, we discuss: (i) the definition of plasticity; (ii) methods to measure and quantify plasticity; (iii) the clinical relevance of plasticity; and (iv) therapeutic hypotheses to modulate plasticity in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnav Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Ben Z. Stanger
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Patnam S, Majumder B, Joshi P, Singh AD, Nagalla B, Kumar D, Biswas M, Ranjan A, Majumder PK, Rengan AK, Kamath AV, Ray A, Manda SV. Differential Expression of SRY-Related HMG-Box Transcription Factor 2, Oligodendrocyte Lineage Transcription Factor 2, and Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 in Serum-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Implications for Mithramycin Sensitivity and Targeted Therapy in High-Grade Glioma. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:137-149. [PMID: 38230292 PMCID: PMC10789128 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of glioma and is often resistant to traditional therapies. Evidence suggests that glioma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to this resistance. Mithramycin (Mit-A) targets GSCs and exhibits antitumor activity in GBM by affecting transcriptional targets such as SRY-related HMG-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (OLIG2), and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1). However, its clinical use has been limited by toxicity. This study explored the diagnostic potential of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) to identify Mit-A responders. Serum EVs were isolated from 70 glioma patients, and targeted gene expression was analyzed using qRT-PCR. Using chemosensitivity assay, we identified 8 Mit-A responders and 17 nonresponders among 25 glioma patients. The M-score showed a significant correlation (p = 0.045) with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation but not other clinical variables. The genes SOX2 (p = 0.005), OLIG2 (p = 0.003), and ZEB1 (p = 0.0281) were found to be upregulated in the responder EVs. SOX2 had the highest diagnostic potential (AUC = 0.875), followed by OLIG2 (AUC = 0.772) and ZEB1 (AUC = 0.632).The combined gene panel showed significant diagnostic efficacy (AUC = 0.956) through logistic regression analysis. The gene panel was further validated in the serum EVs of 45 glioma patients. These findings highlight the potential of Mit-A as a targeted therapy for high-grade glioma based on differential gene expression in serum EVs. The gene panel could serve as a diagnostic tool to predict Mit-A sensitivity, offering a promising approach for personalized treatment strategies and emphasizing the role of GSCs in therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Patnam
- Apollo
Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology, Kandi, Hyderabad 502285, India
| | - Biswanath Majumder
- Farcast
Biosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka 560100, India
- Oncology
Division, Bugworks Research India Pvt. Ltd., C-CAMP, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Parth Joshi
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana 500029, India
| | - Anula Divyash Singh
- Apollo
Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology, Kandi, Hyderabad 502285, India
| | - Balakrishna Nagalla
- Apollo
Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, Hyderabad 500090, India
| | - Dilli Kumar
- Farcast
Biosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka 560100, India
| | | | - Alok Ranjan
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana 500029, India
| | - Pradip K. Majumder
- Department
of Cancer Biology, Praesidia Biotherapeutics, 1167 Massachusetts Avenue, Arlington, Massachusetts 02476, United States
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology, Kandi, Hyderabad 502285, India
| | | | - Amitava Ray
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana 500029, India
- Exsegen
Genomics Research Pvt.Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
| | - Sasidhar Venkata Manda
- Apollo
Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
- UrvogelBio
Private Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana 500096, India
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Mahmoud W, Hassoun L, Kerbage A, Mukherji D, Shamseddine A, Tamraz S, Hakim A, Barada K. Esophageal cancer: a twenty-four-year experience at a tertiary care center with an evaluation of the prognostic significance of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:27. [PMID: 38195445 PMCID: PMC10775605 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may be associated with worse survival in esophageal cancer (EC). Our aims were to describe the demographic and clinical data of EC in a tertiary referral center in Lebanon and to determine the prognostic value of NLR. METHODS A retrospective cohort study based on chart review of patients diagnosed with EC was conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC). The demographic characteristics, clinical presentation and outcomes were described and compared between squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and adenocarcinomas (EAC). Data about esophageal cancer incidence were obtained from the National Cancer Registry, the Ministry of Public Health and GLOBOCAN 2020. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether the NLR is an independent predictor of survival, using variables based on clinical knowledge and previously established data. RESULTS 110 patients were diagnosed with EC, which was the least common among other gastrointestinal malignancies. Our follow up rates reached 86.4%. The median survival was 9 months (IQR 3-25.5.) and was comparable between ESCC (median of 7 months, IQR 2-25) and EAC (median of 9 months, IQR 3-26.3), p = 0.803. Advanced stage was associated with a worse prognosis (p = 0.037). The mean NLR(±SD) was 5.20 ± 6.8, with no significant difference between EAC and ESCC (4.5 ± 3.4 vs. 5.9 ± 9.2, p = 0.420) or between early or advanced stages (5.4 ± 8.1 vs. 4.7 ± 6.8, p = 0.732). The area under the curve for the NLR was 0.560 (95% CI: 0.374-0.746, p = 0.488). After adjusting for age, gender, TNM staging and grading, cox regression analysis showed that an increased NLR was a significant predictor of mortality, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.095 (p = 0.011). CONCLUSION EC is quite uncommon in Lebanon despite a high prevalence of smoking and obesity. Advanced stage and high NLR were associated with a negative prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Mahmoud
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lara Hassoun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony Kerbage
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Shamseddine
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sally Tamraz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ayman Hakim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kassem Barada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Hu A, Li K. Erianin Impedes the Proliferation and Metastatic Migration Through Suppression of STAT-3 Phosphorylation in Human Esophageal Cancer Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04829-8. [PMID: 38165593 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04829-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated erianin, a natural phenolic drug that impedes proliferation and metastatic migration through suppression of STAT-3 phosphorylation in human esophageal cancer cells. Eca-109 cells were treated with different concentrations of erianin (4, 8, 12 µM) for 24 h, and then cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastatic markers were evaluated. Erianin-induced cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were examined using MTT and crystal violet staining techniques. The measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the study of apoptotic changes were conducted through flow cytometry. Furthermore, protein expression analyses via western blotting included an evaluation of JAK-STAT3, cell survival, cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis-related proteins. Moreover, erianin treatment-associated MMP expressions were studied by RT-PCR. In this study, erianin treatment induces substantial cytotoxicity and ROS production based on the concentrations in Eca-109 cells. Moreover, erianin inhibits the MAPK phosphorylation, proliferation, and metastatic protein in Eca-109 cells. STAT-3 is a crucial transcriptional factor that regulates numerous downstream proteins, such as proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and metastatic proteins. In this study, erianin treatment inhibited the protein expression of IL-6, IL-10, JAK-1, and p-STAT-3 expressions leading to induce apoptosis in Eca-109 cells. Moreover, erianin inhibited the expression of proliferation, metastatic, and anti-apoptotic markers in Eca-109 cells. Hence, erianin suppressed the JAK/STAT-3 signaling pathway and demonstrates potential as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anxi Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Kunkun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450001, Henan Province, China.
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45
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Beyen TK, Seife E, Gurara AM, McCormack V, Taye G, Addissie A. Spatiotemporal Distribution, Time to Treatment Outcome Clustering and Determinants of Esophageal Cancer in Ethiopia, a Scoping Study. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241251712. [PMID: 38716644 PMCID: PMC11080749 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241251712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Esophageal cancer was the eighth and sixth leading cause of morbidity of all cancers in the world, and the 15th and 12th in Ethiopia, respectively. There is a lack of comprehensive data regarding Ethiopia's esophageal cancer hotspot, treatment outcome clustering, and other factors. OBJECTIVE This scoping review was designed to understand the extent and type of existing evidence regarding spatiotemporal distribution, time to treatment outcome clustering, and determinants of esophageal cancer in Ethiopia up to March 28, 2023. METHODS Three-step search strategies were employed for the scoping review from March 15 to 28, 2023. Targeted databases included PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central (PMC), Google Scholar, Hinari, and Cochrane for published studies and different websites for unpublished studies for evidence synthesis. Data were extracted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) manual format. RESULTS Our final analysis comprised 17 (16 quantitative and 1 qualitative) studies. Three studies attempted to depict the country's temporal distribution, whereas 12 studies showed the spatial distribution of esophageal cancer by proportion. The regional state of Oromia recorded a high percentage of cases. Numerous risk factors linked to the tumor have been identified in 8 investigations. Similarly, 5 studies went into detail regarding the likelihood of survival and the factors that contribute to malignancy, while 2 studies covered the results of disease-related treatments. CONCLUSIONS The substantial body of data that underpins this finding supports the fact that esophageal cancer has several risk factors and that its prevalence varies greatly across the country and among regions. Surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy helped the patient live longer. However, no research has investigated which treatment is best for boosting patient survival and survival clustering. Therefore, research with robust models for regional distribution, clustering of time to treatment outcomes, and drivers of esophageal cancer will be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Kisi Beyen
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
- PhD student at School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Edom Seife
- Clinical Oncologist, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abenet M. Gurara
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | - Valerie McCormack
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Girma Taye
- Department of preventive Medicine, School of Public Health Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Adamu Addissie
- Department of preventive Medicine, School of Public Health Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
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46
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Wang N, Ma JM. Progress of Cancer Stem Cells in Retinoblastoma. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1093-1101. [PMID: 37815190 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x252989230921065809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem cells is a breakthrough discovery that offers exciting possibilities for comprehending the biological behavior of tumors. More and more evidence suggests that retinoblastoma cancer stem cells promote tumor growth and are likely to be the origin of tumor formation, drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. At present, some progress has been made in the verification, biological behavior, and drug resistance mechanism of retinoblastoma cancer stem cells. This article aims to review the relevant research and explore future development direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Min Ma
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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47
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Zhao S, Hu X, Zhou P, Li A, Chen L, Wang D, He J, Jiang Y. Molecular profiles of different PD-L1 expression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2256927. [PMID: 38032149 PMCID: PMC10515684 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2256927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are approved treatments for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The present investigation aspired to explore the interrelation between molecular phenotype and PD-L1 expression in ESCC. METHODS PD-L1 testing and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed on tumoral tissues from 139 ESCC patients. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were scrutinized using a tyramide signal amplification system combined with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Among enrolled patients, 36.7% displayed high PD-L1 expression (combined positive score [CPS] ≥10). BRCA1 and NF1 gene mutations were significantly associated with high PD-L1 expression (p < .05) while TGFβ pathway alterations were linked to low PD-L1 expression (p = .02). High copy number instability (CNI) and copy number alterations (CNA) were correlated with low PD-L1 expression. Patients with CDKN2A deletion exhibited higher PD-L1 expression. Varying types of TILs were observed across different PD-L1 expression groups. The ratio of CD8+PD-L1+ T cells and CD8+PD-1+ T cells to CD8+ T cells remained comparable in both tumoral and stromal regions, but the ratio of CD68+PD-L1+ macrophages to CD68+ macrophages was higher than the ratio of CD68+PD-1+ macrophages to CD68+ macrophages. CPS was significantly correlated with PD-L1+ lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages in the tumoral region. CD8+ T cell infiltration was positively correlated with PD-1+ cells in both tumoral and stromal regions. CONCLUSION In this study, we presented the prevalence rates of PD-L1 expression in Chinese ESCC patients. The association of genetic profiles with PD-L1 expression levels also provide the clue that genomic phenotype may interact with the immunologic phenotype in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songchen Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xintong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peiwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Duo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaxue He
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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48
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Oketch DJA, Giulietti M, Piva F. Copy Number Variations in Pancreatic Cancer: From Biological Significance to Clinical Utility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:391. [PMID: 38203561 PMCID: PMC10779192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, characterized by high tumor heterogeneity and a poor prognosis. Inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity in PDAC is a major obstacle to effective PDAC treatment; therefore, it is highly desirable to explore the tumor heterogeneity and underlying mechanisms for the improvement of PDAC prognosis. Gene copy number variations (CNVs) are increasingly recognized as a common and heritable source of inter-individual variation in genomic sequence. In this review, we outline the origin, main characteristics, and pathological aspects of CNVs. We then describe the occurrence of CNVs in PDAC, including those that have been clearly shown to have a pathogenic role, and further highlight some key examples of their involvement in tumor development and progression. The ability to efficiently identify and analyze CNVs in tumor samples is important to support translational research and foster precision oncology, as copy number variants can be utilized to guide clinical decisions. We provide insights into understanding the CNV landscapes and the role of both somatic and germline CNVs in PDAC, which could lead to significant advances in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Although there has been significant progress in this field, understanding the full contribution of CNVs to the genetic basis of PDAC will require further research, with more accurate CNV assays such as single-cell techniques and larger cohorts than have been performed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Giulietti
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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49
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Tan B, Wang N, Yang S, Liu H, Cheng Y. Irradiation Induces Gasdermin E-Triggered Tumor Immunity to Inhibit Esophageal Carcinoma Cell Survival. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:46438-46449. [PMID: 38107880 PMCID: PMC10720026 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Gasdermin E (GSDME), an executor of pyroptosis, can be activated by caspase-3 and has been recognized as a tumor suppressor in various human cancers. In addition, caspase-3/GSDME signal-induced pyroptosis is a form of immunogenic cell death (ICD). In this study, we aimed to understand the association between radiotherapy and caspase-3/GSDME signal-related ICD in esophageal carcinoma (EC) cells. The expression of caspase-3 and GSDME in two EC cell lines, ECA-109 and KYSE-150, was silenced or overexpressed by transfection with specific siRNAs or overexpression vectors. Cells were subjected to 0-8 Gy irradiation, and cell death was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, annexin V-FITC staining, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection kit, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Irradiation in both EC cell lines promoted dose-dependent viability loss and apoptosis. More specifically, 8 Gy X-ray increased the apoptosis rate from 4.1 to 12.8% in ECA-109 cells and from 4.6 to 21.1% in KYSE-150 cells. In irradiated EC cells, the levels of LDH release and caspase-3/GSDME cleavage were increased. Caspase-3 silencing inhibited irradiation-induced GSDME cleavage and EC cell death. Furthermore, we identified the death of EC cells suppressed by caspase-3 siRNA, and the levels of CRT, HMGB1, HSP70, and HSP90 were also markedly downregulated by caspase-3 siRNA. Similarly, GSDME silencing diminished irradiation-induced EC cell death and the levels of ICD markers. Overexpression of caspase-3 and GSDME accelerated irradiation-induced ICD. In summary, irradiation in EC cells induces GSDME-mediated pyroptosis and activates ICD to inhibit esophageal carcinoma cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxu Tan
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of
Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of
Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengsi Yang
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of
Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of
Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of
Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Davodabadi F, Sajjadi SF, Sarhadi M, Mirghasemi S, Nadali Hezaveh M, Khosravi S, Kamali Andani M, Cordani M, Basiri M, Ghavami S. Cancer chemotherapy resistance: Mechanisms and recent breakthrough in targeted drug delivery. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:176013. [PMID: 37633322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy, one of the most widely used cancer treatment methods, has serious side effects, and usually results in cancer treatment failure. Drug resistance is one of the primary reasons for this failure. The most significant drawbacks of systemic chemotherapy are rapid clearance from the circulation, the drug's low concentration in the tumor site, and considerable adverse effects outside the tumor. Several ways have been developed to boost neoplasm treatment efficacy and overcome medication resistance. In recent years, targeted drug delivery has become an essential therapeutic application. As more mechanisms of tumor treatment resistance are discovered, nanoparticles (NPs) are designed to target these pathways. Therefore, understanding the limitations and challenges of this technology is critical for nanocarrier evaluation. Nano-drugs have been increasingly employed in medicine, incorporating therapeutic applications for more precise and effective tumor diagnosis, therapy, and targeting. Many benefits of NP-based drug delivery systems in cancer treatment have been proven, including good pharmacokinetics, tumor cell-specific targeting, decreased side effects, and lessened drug resistance. As more mechanisms of tumor treatment resistance are discovered, NPs are designed to target these pathways. At the moment, this innovative technology has the potential to bring fresh insights into cancer therapy. Therefore, understanding the limitations and challenges of this technology is critical for nanocarrier evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davodabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Sajjadi
- School of Biological Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sarhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Shaghayegh Mirghasemi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Nadali Hezaveh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Samin Khosravi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Kamali Andani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Medicine, Rolna 43, 40-555. Katowice, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada.
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