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Chacón RD, Sánchez-Llatas CJ, L Pajuelo S, Diaz Forero AJ, Jimenez-Vasquez V, Médico JA, Soto-Ugaldi LF, Astolfi-Ferreira CS, Piantino Ferreira AJ. Molecular characterization of the meq oncogene of Marek's disease virus in vaccinated Brazilian poultry farms reveals selective pressure on prevalent strains. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-13. [PMID: 38465827 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2318198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) has become an increasingly virulent pathogen in the poultry industry despite vaccination efforts to control it. Brazil has experienced a significant rise of Marek's disease (MD) outbreaks in recent years. Our study aimed to analyze the complete meq gene sequences to understand the molecular epidemiological basis of MD outbreaks in Brazilian vaccinated layer farms. We detected a high incidence rate of visceral MD (67.74%) and multiple circulating MDV strains. The most prevalent and geographically widespread genotype presented several clinical and molecular characteristics of a highly virulent strain and evolving under positive selective pressure. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis revealed a closer relationship with strains from the USA and Japan. This study sheds light on the circulation of MDV strains capable of infecting vaccinated birds. We emphasize the urgency of adopting preventive measures to manage MDV outbreaks threatening the poultry farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy D Chacón
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian J Sánchez-Llatas
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrea J Diaz Forero
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jack A Médico
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luis F Soto-Ugaldi
- Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Ma Z, Wang W, Zhang D, Wang X, Li S, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Li X, Lin C, Wang J, Cheng J, Xu D, Yang X, Huang Y, Cui P, Liu J, Zeng X, Zhai R, Huang Z, Weng X, Zhang X. Polymorphism in IGFALS gene and its association with scrotal circumference in Hu lambs. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2295928. [PMID: 38174897 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2295928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Scrotal circumference is an important reproductive index of breeding rams, which has a high genetic correlation with ejaculation volume and semen quality. In this study, the scrotal circumference of 1353 male Hu sheep at different stages of development was measured and descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of scrotal circumference at each stage was greater than 10%, and its heritability were moderately to high, ranging from 0.318 to 0.719. We used PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing to scan the polymorphisms of the IGFALS gene, and performed association analysis with the circumference of the scrotum at different stages. We identified a synonymous mutation g.918 G > C in exon 1 of the IGFALS gene, and this mutation was significantly associated with scrotal circumference at 100, 120, 140, 160 and 180 days (p < 0.05). Therefore, IGFALS gene polymorphism can be used as a molecular marker affecting scrotal circumference of Hu sheep, which can provide a reference for future molecular marker-assisted selection of scrotal circumference in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwu Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Deyin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xinji Wang
- Minqin County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation, Minqin, Gansu, China
| | - Shirong Li
- Minqin County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation, Minqin, Gansu, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Changchun Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianghui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiangbo Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaobin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongliang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Panpan Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiwen Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rui Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiuxiu Weng
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Vasconcelos EM, Braga RF, Leal GR, Carvalho RPR, Machado-Neves M, Sudano MJ, Souza-Fabjan JMG. Impact of reducing lipid content during in vitro embryo production: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Theriogenology 2024; 222:31-44. [PMID: 38615434 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
There is still no consensus regarding the role of lipid modulators during in vitro embryo production. Thus, we investigated how lipid reducers during the in vitro maturation of oocytes (IVM) or in vitro culture (IVC) of embryos impact their cryotolerance. A literature search was performed using three databases, recovering 43 articles for the systematic review, comprising 75 experiments (13 performed in IVM, 62 in IVC) and testing 13 substances. In 39 % of the experiments, an increase in oocyte and/or embryo survival after cryopreservation was reported, in contrast to 48 % exhibiting no effect, 5 % causing negative effects, and 8 % influencing in a dose-dependent manner. Of the 75 experiments extracted during IVM and IVC, 41 quantified the lipid content. Of those that reduced lipid content (n = 26), 50 % increased cryotolerance, 34 % had no effect, 8 % harmed oocyte/embryo survival, and 8 % had different results depending on the concentration used. Moreover, 28 out of the 43 studies were analyzed under a meta-analytical approach at the IVC stage in cattle. There was an improvement in the cryotolerance of bovine embryos when the lipid content was reduced. Forskolin, l-carnitine, and phenazine ethosulfate positively affected cryotolerance, while conjugated linoleic acid had no effect and impaired embryonic development. Moreover, fetal bovine serum has a positive impact on cryotolerance. SOF and CR1aa IVC media improved cryotolerance, while mSOF showed no effect. In conclusion, lipid modulators did not unanimously improve cryotolerance, especially when used in IVM, but presented positive effects on cryotolerance during IVC when reaching lipid reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlandia M Vasconcelos
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, CEP, 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rachel F Braga
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, CEP, 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriela R Leal
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, CEP, 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renner P R Carvalho
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus J Sudano
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Joanna M G Souza-Fabjan
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, CEP, 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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Santos HDAGD, Kitamura RSA, Soares GDCB, Dos Santos MP, Miranda LPDS, Mela M, Vitule JRS, Grassi MT, Cestari MM, Padial AA, Silva de Assis HC. Assessing the water quality in a World Heritage Site using biomarkers in top fish predators. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172072. [PMID: 38575033 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The use of biomarkers in fish for biomonitoring is a valuable approach to reveal effects of human impacts on biota health. Top predator fish are effective models for monitoring human activities' impacts on aquatic ecosystems. The Guaraguaçu River is the largest river-system on coastal region of South Brazil and a World Heritage site. The river receives contaminants from disorderly urban growth, including discharges of domestic sewage and small fishery boats, particularly during the tourist season. Our study aimed to assess impact of anthropogenic activities on water quality in the Guaraguaçu River by analyzing environmental contamination biomarkers in the top fish predator Hoplias malabaricus. Fish were collected using a fyke net trap across sectors representing a gradient of anthropic impact: sector 1 - pristine; sector 2 - impacted; and sector 3 - less impacted. Water samples were collected to analyze the presence of trace elements and pesticide. Biomarkers of the antioxidant system, histopathology, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and concentration of trace elements were analyzed in fish tissues. In water samples Al, Fe and Mn were detected, but no pesticides were found. In fish muscle, zinc and iron were detected. Brain acetylcholinesterase activity decreased in impacted sectors, indicating neurotoxic effects. The antioxidant system increased activity in gills and liver, and damage from lipoperoxidation was observed, particularly in sector 2 when compared to sector 1, suggesting oxidative stress. Histopathological biomarkers revealed lesions in the liver and gills of fish in impacted sectors. Micronuclei, a genotoxicity biomarker, were observed in organisms from all sectors. Our results demonstrate detrimental effects of poor water quality on biota health, even when contaminants are not detected in water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19071, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maritana Mela
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81537-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19011, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marco Tadeu Grassi
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19032, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marta Margarete Cestari
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19071, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Andre Andrian Padial
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Botany, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina Silva de Assis
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, 81530-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Ali AIM, Sandi S, Warly L, Fariani A, Pratama ANT, Darussalam A. Heat tolerance of goats to increased daily maximum temperature and low salinity of drinking water in tropical humid regions. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:1130-1139. [PMID: 38271981 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The daily maximum temperature and seawater level continuously increase as global warming continues. We examined the adaptability and production performance of heat-stressed goats with a supply of low-saline drinking water. METHODS Twelve Kacang and Kacang Etawah cross goats were exposed to two climatic conditions (control, 25°C to 33°C, 83% relative humidity [RH], temperature humidity index [THI]: 76 to 86; and hot environment, 26°C to 39°C, 81% RH, THI: 77 to 94) and two salt levels in drinking water (0% and 0.4% NaCl). The experimental design was a Latin Square (4×4) with four treatments and four periods (28 days each). RESULTS Temperature of the rectal, skin, and udder, and respiration rate rose, reached a maximum level on the first day of heat exposures, and then recovered. Plasma sodium rose at 0.4% NaCl level, while the hot environment and salinity treatments increased the drinking water to dry matter (DM) intake ratio. Water excretion was elevated in the hot environment but lowered by the increase in salinity. Total lying time increased, whereas change position frequency decreased in the hot condition. Lying and ruminating and total ruminating time increased and explained the enhanced DM digestibility in the hot conditions. CONCLUSION The goats exhibited a high level of plasma sodium as salinity increased, and they demonstrated physiological and behavioral alterations while maintaining their production performances under increasing daily maximum temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Sandi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, South Sumatra, 30662, Indonesia
| | - Lili Warly
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, South Sumatra, 30662, Indonesia
| | - Armina Fariani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, South Sumatra, 30662, Indonesia
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da Silva GD, Maia J, da Silva Costa L, de Oliveira Sa GF, Mendes MTOG, Chaves NRB, Fonseca BB, Vieira BS. Organic or Inorganic Zinc for Laying Hens? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Zinc Sources on Laying Performance, Egg Quality, and Zinc Excretion. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2812-2827. [PMID: 37733217 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03861-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The higher availability of zinc (Zn) from organic than inorganic sources is already established, but more assertive and cost-friendly protocols on the total replacement of inorganic with organic Zn sources for laying hens still need to be developed. Because some discrepancy in the effects of this replacement in laying hen diets is noticeable in the literature, the objective of this meta-analysis was to properly quantify the effect size of total replacing inorganic Zn with organic Zn in the diet of laying hens on their laying performance, egg quality, and Zn excretion. A total of 2340 results were retrieved from Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, WOS, and Science Direct databases. Of these, 18 primary studies met all the eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the replacement of inorganic Zn with organic Zn, regardless of other factors, improved (p < 0.01) egg production by 1.46%, eggshell thickness by 0.01 mm, and eggshell resistance by 0.11 kgf/cm2. Positive results of the same nutritional strategy on egg weight and Zn excretion were only observed at specific conditions, especially when organic Zn was supplemented alone in the feed, not combined with other organic minerals. Therefore, there is evidence in the literature that the total replacement of inorganic Zn with organic Zn improves egg production, eggshell thickness, and eggshell resistance. Factors such as hen age and genetics, organic Zn source, concentration of Zn in the feed, and the strategy of its supplementation have to be more carefully considered in protocols designed to address egg weight and Zn excretion by the hen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovane Dias da Silva
- College of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Mato Grosso, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Jéferson Maia
- College of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Mato Grosso, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Leony da Silva Costa
- College of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Mato Grosso, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Serpa Vieira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Sun X, Zhao R, Wang X, Wu Y, Yang D, Wang J, Wu Z, Wang N, Zhang J, Xiao B, Chen J, Huang F, Chen A. A smartphone-based diagnostic analyzer for point-of-care milk somatic cell counting. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1304:342540. [PMID: 38637050 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mastitis, a pervasive and detrimental disease in dairy farming, poses a significant challenge to the global dairy industry. Monitoring the milk somatic cell count (SCC) is vital for assessing the incidence of mastitis and the quality of raw cow's milk. However, existing SCC detection methods typically require large-scale instruments and specialized operators, limiting their application in resource-constrained settings such as dairy farms and small-scale labs. To address these limitations, this study introduces a novel, smartphone-based, on-site SCC testing method that leverages smartphone capabilities for milk somatic cell identification and enumeration, offering a portable and user-friendly testing platform. RESULTS The central findings of our study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for counting milk somatic cells. Its on-site applicability, facilitated by the microfluidic chip, optical system, and smartphone integration, heralds a paradigm shift in point-of-care testing (POCT) for dairy farms and smaller laboratories. This approach bypasses complex processing and presents a user-friendly solution for real-time SCC monitoring in resource-limited settings. This device boasts several unique features: small size, low cost (<$1,000 total manufacturing cost and <$1 per test), and high accuracy. Remarkably, it delivers test results within just 2 min. Actual-sample testing confirmed its consistency with results from the commercial Bentley FTS/FCM cytometer, affirming the reliability of the proposed method. Overall, these results underscore the potential for transformative change in dairy farm management and laboratory testing practices. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, this study concludes that the proposed smartphone-based method significantly contributes to the accessibility and ease of SCC testing in resource-limited environments. By fostering the use of POCT technology in food safety control, particularly in the dairy industry, this innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize the monitoring and management of mastitis, ultimately benefiting the global dairy sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Sun
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ruiming Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xianhua Wang
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Yunlong Wu
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Degang Yang
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Juan Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Bin Xiao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jiaci Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Fengchun Huang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ailiang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Sommai S, Wanapat M, Suntara C, Prachumchai R, Cherdthong A. Supplementation of Alternanthera sissoo pellets on feed digestion, rumen fermentation, and protozoal population in Thai native beef cattle. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29972. [PMID: 38694056 PMCID: PMC11058898 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of Brazilian spinach (Alternanthera sissoo) pellet (BSP) supplementation on rumen fermentation, protozoal population, and methane (CH4) estimation in beef cattle. Four male Thai native beef cattle, 3 years old, with an average bodyweight of 180 ± 5 kg, were randomly arranged in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The cattle were supplemented (on-top) with four levels of BSP (2, 4, 6, and 8% dry matter intake (DMI), respectively). The roughage component, derived from rice straw, was fed at 40 % of DMI, while the concentrate diet was fed at 60 % of DMI. The result of the experiment demonstrated that BSP supplementation had no effect on the DMI, nutrient intake, or nutrient digestibility (p > 0.05). Rumen pH and ammonia-nitrogen concentration were not significant, while the average protozoal population linearly decreased (p = 0.002) with BSP supplementation. Mean blood urea-nitrogen concentration was linearly increased (p = 0.004) when increasing the level of BSP. Brazilian spinach pellet had no significant effect on total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), VFA profiles, and CH4 estimation (p > 0.05). Nitrogen balance was no different from the supplementation of BSP. The study indicates that Brazilian spinach pellet supplementation showed no noticeable effects on feed intake, rumen parameters, and nitrogen utilization; however, at 6-8% of DMI, there was a decrease in protozoal population, with no corresponding reduction in CH4 estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukruthai Sommai
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Chanon Suntara
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Rittikeard Prachumchai
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala, University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, 12130, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Cherdthong
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Destoumieux-Garzón D, Montagnani C, Dantan L, Nicolas NDS, Travers MA, Duperret L, Charrière GM, Toulza E, Mitta G, Cosseau C, Escoubas JM. Cross-talk and mutual shaping between the immune system and the microbiota during an oyster's life. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230065. [PMID: 38497271 PMCID: PMC10945412 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas lives in microbe-rich marine coastal systems subjected to rapid environmental changes. It harbours a diversified and fluctuating microbiota that cohabits with immune cells expressing a diversified immune gene repertoire. In the early stages of oyster development, just after fertilization, the microbiota plays a key role in educating the immune system. Exposure to a rich microbial environment at the larval stage leads to an increase in immune competence throughout the life of the oyster, conferring a better protection against pathogenic infections at later juvenile/adult stages. This beneficial effect, which is intergenerational, is associated with epigenetic remodelling. At juvenile stages, the educated immune system participates in the control of the homeostasis. In particular, the microbiota is fine-tuned by oyster antimicrobial peptides acting through specific and synergistic effects. However, this balance is fragile, as illustrated by the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome, a disease causing mass mortalities in oysters worldwide. In this disease, the weakening of oyster immune defences by OsHV-1 µVar virus induces a dysbiosis leading to fatal sepsis. This review illustrates the continuous interaction between the highly diversified oyster immune system and its dynamic microbiota throughout its life, and the importance of this cross-talk for oyster health. This article is part of the theme issue 'Sculpting the microbiome: how host factors determine and respond to microbial colonization'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Montagnani
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Dantan
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Noémie de San Nicolas
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Travers
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Léo Duperret
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume M. Charrière
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Eve Toulza
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Mitta
- Ifremer, IRD, ILM, Université de Polynésie Française, UMR EIO, Vairao 98179, French Polynesia
| | - Céline Cosseau
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Escoubas
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
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10
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Bujok J, Pavľak A, Walski T, Zigo F, Trochanowska-Pauk N, Bohara R, Miśta D. Changes in the blood redox status of horses subjected to combat training. Res Vet Sci 2024; 171:105219. [PMID: 38471346 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Combat training of police horses, involving physical activity in the presence of environmental stressors, poses a risk of oxidative stress. This study compared the oxidative imbalance after combat training in horses in the regular police service and in horses that had just been schooled. Blood collection was performed immediately after training and after 16 h rest. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined as the markers of enzymatic antioxidant defence. At the same time, lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and protein carbonylation (Carb) were assessed as oxidation biomarkers. Additionally, oxidative imbalance indexes such as SOD/CAT, SOD/GPx, TBARS/TAS and TBARS/GPx were calculated. Animals during schooling had significantly lower SOD activity in erythrocytes than those experienced. CAT activity in erythrocytes was insignificantly higher immediately after training than during recovery. The SOD/GPx ratio was higher in experienced animals, which may reflect the intra-erythrocyte imbalance between enzymes producing and degrading hydrogen peroxide towards the first one. The concentration of carbonyl groups was significantly higher after the combat training compared to the recovery period in all horses. In inexperienced animals slight increase in TBARS/TAS and TBARS/GPx indexes were observed during the recovery time after exercises, contrary to experienced horses, in which these markers decreased slightly. These results suggest that the oxidative imbalance in inexperienced horses, although less pronounced just after combat training, was more prolonged as compared to horses in regular service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Bujok
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Alexander Pavľak
- Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tomasz Walski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - František Zigo
- Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Natalia Trochanowska-Pauk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Raghvendra Bohara
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Upper Newcastle, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland.
| | - Dorota Miśta
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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11
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Mehrani Y, Kazemi Mehrjerdi H, Tavakoli A, Shafieian R, Salari A. Effects of Probiotic Lactobacilli plantarum in Treatment of Experimentally Induced Periodontal Disease in Rabbits. J Vet Dent 2024; 41:210-216. [PMID: 36927186 DOI: 10.1177/08987564231163193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum in experimentally induced periodontal disease in rabbits. The incisor teeth of 24 rabbits were scaled under general anesthesia. Two weeks later, silk ligatures were placed at the gingival margin of the incisor teeth to induce periodontal disease. After confirming the presence of periodontal disease by periodontal probing four weeks later, incisor mucogingival flaps were created and gingival pocket lavage and debridement was performed. The rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1: Control; Group 2: Microencapsulated form of the probiotic; Group 3: Planktonic form of the probiotic; and Group 4: Biofilm form of the probiotic. The rabbits were euthanized eight weeks later, and gingival connective tissue and epithelium were resected for histopathological and histomorphometric evaluation. The results showed that the rate of epithelial regeneration was lower and bone regeneration was significantly higher in the treatment groups compared to the Control group. The highest level of bone regeneration was in Group 2 (Microencapsulated probiotic). There was no significant difference in bone regeneration observed between the biofilm and planktonic probiotic groups. This study showed that applying the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum in microencapsulated form improved bone regeneration in experimentally induced periodontal disease in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeganeh Mehrani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossien Kazemi Mehrjerdi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azin Tavakoli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Shafieian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Salari
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Rodríguez-Godina IJ, García JE, Morales JL, Contreras V, Véliz FG, Macías-Cruz U, Avendaño-Reyes L, Mellado M. Effect of heat stress during the dry period on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein cows. Int J Biometeorol 2024; 68:883-890. [PMID: 38308728 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the influence of heat stress during the dry period on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein cows in a hot environment. Breeding and milk production records of cows, as well as meteorological data between 2017 and 2020 from a commercial dairy herd (n = 12,102 lactations), were used to determine the relationship between climatic conditions during the dry period (average of the temperature-humidity index (THI) at the beginning, middle, and end of the dry period) and reproductive efficiency and milk yield traits. THI was divided into < 70 (no heat stress), 70-80 (moderate heat stress), and > 80 (severe heat stress). First-service pregnancy rate of cows decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing hyperthermia during the dry period (9.5, 7.3, and 3.4% for THI < 70, 70-80, and > 80, respectively). All-service pregnancy rate was highest (P < 0.01) for cows not undergoing heat stress during the dry period (60.2%) and lowest (42.6%) for cows with severe heat stress during the dry period. Cows not experiencing heat stress during the dry period required a mean ± SD of 5.6 ± 3.8 services per pregnancy compared with 6.5 ± 3.6 (P < 0.01) for cows subjected to THI > 80 during the dry period. Cows not suffering heat stress during the dry period produced more (P < 0.01) 305-day milk (10,926 ± 1206 kg) than cows subjected to moderate (10,799 ± 1254 kg) or severe (10,691 ± 1297 kg) heat stress during the dry period. Total milk yield did not differ (P > 0.10) between cows not undergoing heat stress (13,337 ± 3346 kg) and cows subjected to severe heat stress during the dry period (13,911 ± 4018 kg). It was concluded that environmental management of dry cows during hot months is warranted to maximize reproductive performance and milk yield in the following lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris J Rodríguez-Godina
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro, 25315, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - José E García
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro, 25315, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Juan L Morales
- Department of Veterinary Science, Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro, 27054, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Viridiana Contreras
- Department of Veterinary Science, Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro, 27054, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Francisco G Véliz
- Department of Veterinary Science, Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro, 27054, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Ulises Macías-Cruz
- Institute of Agriculture Science, Autonomous University of Baja California, 21705, Mexicali, Mexico
| | - Leonel Avendaño-Reyes
- Institute of Agriculture Science, Autonomous University of Baja California, 21705, Mexicali, Mexico
| | - Miguel Mellado
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro, 25315, Saltillo, Mexico.
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13
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Zhang R, Hu G, Wang Y, Li L, Guo Y, Wang Y, Tao L. Development of Phormia regina at seven constant temperatures for minimum postmortem interval estimation. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:1055-1065. [PMID: 37952074 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Phormia regina (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) can colonize carcasses quickly, and its immature stages are reliable entomological evidence for the estimation of the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). There are discrepancies in the developmental data from previous studies on P. regina, and the related PMImin indicators need to be refined. We investigated the accuracy of forensic entomological evidence using development durations, growth accumulated degree hours, and larval body length variations of P. regina at seven constant temperatures ranging from 16 to 34 °C. We also established development models such as the isomorphen diagram, thermal summation model, isomegalen diagram, and body length simulation equation to assist with PMImin estimation. The developmental duration of P. regina from egg to adult at 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, and 34 °C was 840.8 ± 42.8 h, 580.1 ± 10.1 h, 390.4 ± 8.7 h, 316.8 ± 9.4 h, 291.4 ± 21.2 h, 238.4 ± 2.8 h, and 222.5 ± 5.2 h, respectively. The lower threshold temperature TL was 9.97 ± 0.50 °C, while the thermal constant K was 5052.7 ± 229 degree days. The lower developmental thresholds, intrinsic optimum temperature, and upper lethal developmental threshold obtained by the Optim SSI models were 13.15, 21.20, and 36.86 °C, respectively. This study aims to provide developmental models for P. regina aimed at common case-site temperatures in the northern provinces of China, which can be used for accurate PMImin estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Gengwang Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Luyang Tao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
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14
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Machado M, Nora L, Zanin TBN, Bissacotti BF, Morsch VM, Vedovatto M, Pelisser G, Mendes RE, Galvão AC, Speroni CS, Gloria EM, Rodrigues MF, Wagner R, Stefani LM, da Silva AS. Impacts of intake of trichothecenes (Fusarium sporotrichioides) for dairy calves: Effects on animal growth, oxidative and inflammatory response. Microb Pathog 2024; 190:106605. [PMID: 38428470 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impacts of trichothecenes (Fusarium sporotrichioides) for dairy calves on animal growth, oxidative and inflammatory responses in the presence or absence of essential oils. Twelve calves weaned at 70 days of age were divided into 2 groups: T-C (control) and T-EO (essential oils - oregano, thyme, basil and rosemary) in the period of 40 days consuming ration contaminated by trichothecenes (500 ppb). The animals in the T-EO group received a mixture of EOs via feed at a dosage of 0.75 mL per/kg of feed. Blood collections were performed on days 1, 20 and 40 for hematological and biochemical analyses; the fecal score was performed every 2 days on a scale of 1-5 and clinical examinations were performed 3 times during the experiment period. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment; euthanasia of two calves per group for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of several tissues (spleen, liver, duodenum, jejunum, ilium, cecum and colon) was performed at the end of the experiment. The calves in the T-EO group had a tendency (P = 0.07) of higher body weight when compared to the T-C. Treatment effect and treatment vs day interaction was detected for leukocytes and granulocytes variables, demonstrating a higher count of these cells in the T-EO group on both days (20 and 40), and the same behavior occurred for the distribution amplitude of erythrocytes (RDW). The enzymes alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT) showed higher serum activity in the T-C group (days 20 and 40). The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were lower in the serum of animals in the T-EO group. For calves in the T-EO group, glutathione S-transferase activity was higher in serum. Haptoglobulin and C-reactive protein levels were lower on days 20 and 40 in T-EO animals when compared to the T-C group. In the macroscopic and microscopic evaluations, which were collected at the end of the experiment after slaughtering the animals, liver and intestine did not show changes for the animals in the T-EO group, unlike the animals in the T-C group, which had moderately firm diffuse consistency of the liver and edema in the mesentery, as well as oxidative stress in tissues (liver, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon). The results concluded that the consumption of a mixture of EOs (essential oils - oregano, thyme, basil and rosemary) minimized the negative effects caused by trichothecenes in dairy calves, thus being an alternative to improving the immunological and antioxidant condition, as well as a possible adsorbent alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Machado
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Luisa Nora
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tayse Burger Neto Zanin
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Bianca F Bissacotti
- Graduate Program in Biology: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Graduate Program in Biology: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vedovatto
- Louisiana State University, Dean Lee Research and Extension Center, Alexandria, LA, 71302, USA
| | - Giovana Pelisser
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, Greece
| | - Alessandro C Galvão
- Department of Food Engineering and Chemistry, UDESC, Pinhalzinho, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo M Gloria
- Biological Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Scientific and Technologgical Education, Centro de Educação a Distância, UDESC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biology: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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15
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Lazzarini E, Gioeni D, Del Prete G, Sala G, Baio M, Carotenuto AM. A comparative analysis of opioid-free and opioid-sparing anaesthesia techniques for laparoscopic ovariectomy in healthy dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2024; 51:288-297. [PMID: 38553381 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the perioperative analgesic effects of an opioid-free (OFA) and an opioid-sparing (OSA) anaesthetic protocol in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical trial. ANIMALS A group of 28 client-owned dogs. METHODS Dogs were allocated to one of two groups. The OFA group was administered intramuscular (IM) dexmedetomidine 5 μg kg-1 and ketamine 1 mg kg-1, followed by two intraoperative constant rate infusions (CRIs) of dexmedetomidine (3 μg kg-1 hour-1) and lidocaine (1 mg kg-1 loading dose, 2 mg kg-1 hour-1). The OSA group was administered IM dexmedetomidine 5 μg kg-1, ketamine 1 mg kg-1 and methadone 0.2 mg kg-1, followed by two intraoperative saline CRIs. In both groups, anaesthesia was induced with intravenous (IV) propofol 2 mg kg-1 and diazepam 0.2 mg kg-1 and maintained with isoflurane. Rescue dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg kg-1) was administered IV if there was a 20% increase in cardiovascular variables compared with pre-stimulation values. Ketorolac (0.5 mg kg-1) was administered IV when the surgery ended. Postoperative analgesia was evaluated using the Short Form-Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale and methadone (0.2 mg kg-1) was administered IM if the pain score was ≥ 6/24. Statistical analysis included mixed analysis of variance, Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the intraoperative monitored variables between groups. The OFA group showed a significantly lower intraoperative rescue analgesia requirement (p = 0.016) and lower postoperative pain scores at 3 (p =0.001) and 6 (p < 0.001) hours. No dogs were administered rescue methadone postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although both groups achieved acceptable postoperative pain scores with no need for further intervention, the analgesic efficacy of the OFA protocol was significantly superior to that of the OSA protocol presented and was associated with a lower intraoperative rescue analgesia requirement and early postoperative pain scores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giulia Sala
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Baio
- Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy
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16
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Rişvanlı A, Şen İ, Canuzakov K, Tülöbayev A, Taş A, Saklykov R, Ceylan N, Türkçapar Ü, Alimov U, Kazakbayeva A, Cunuşova A, Uulu NA, Yuksel BF, Turanli M, Uz M, Bayraktar M. Physiological and metabolic responses in Kök-Börü horses: Correlations with game outcomes. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1457. [PMID: 38686465 PMCID: PMC11058626 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine variations in stress, metabolic, and physiological parameters of horses used in the traditional equestrian team sport of Kök-Börü in relation to winning and losing outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS To accomplish this, blood samples were taken from horses on four different teams who participated in two separate games, both before and after game. These samples were used to measure levels of cortisol, ACTH, beta-endorphin, adrenaline, noradrenaline, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) via species-specific commercial ELISA kits. The autoanalyzer tested biochemical and hematological parameters. The gathered data were then analyzed statistically based on the teams' winning or losing status. RESULTS The results suggested that winning teams had lower MID, red blood cell, HGB, RDW-SD, HCT, platelet distribution width, and creatine kinase values post-game in comparison to their pre-game state. Conversely, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and CREA values increased in the winning teams' post-game. Additionally, horses in the winning teams showed a decrease in cortisol, beta-endorphin, and ACTH levels post-game but increased levels of adrenaline and T3. Considering the pre-game values, it was found that GRA and Cl levels were lower in the winning teams. Before the game, adrenaline and T3 levels were higher in the winning teams. No significant difference was observed in post-game hematological parameters between the teams. However, post-game K, adrenaline, and noradrenaline levels were higher among the winning teams' horses, while cortisol and beta-endorphin levels were heightened in horses from the losing side. CONCLUSION In conclusion, significant differences were not observed in the distribution of hematological and biochemical parameters of horses following the Kök-Börü games, regardless of the outcome. However, decreased post-game cortisol, ACTH, and beta-endorphin levels in winning teams may suggest better stress management abilities among these horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rişvanlı
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFırat UniversityElazigTürkiye
| | - İsmail Şen
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Kanat Canuzakov
- Faculty of Sports ScienceKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Askarbek Tülöbayev
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Abuzer Taş
- Department of SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineYuzuncu Yil UniversityVanTürkiye
| | - Ruslan Saklykov
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Nezahat Ceylan
- Department of HistoryFaculty of HumanitiesKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
- Department of HistoryFaculty of HumanitiesAtaturk UniversityErzurumTürkiye
| | - Ünal Türkçapar
- Faculty of Sports ScienceKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
- Faculty of Sports ScienceKahramanmaras Sutcu Imam UniversityKahramanmarasTürkiye
| | - Ulanbek Alimov
- Faculty of TourismKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Arina Kazakbayeva
- Faculty of Sports ScienceKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Ayday Cunuşova
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Nur Abdımnap Uulu
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKyrgyz‐Turkish Manas UniversityBishkekKyrgyzstan
| | - Burak Fatih Yuksel
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFırat UniversityElazigTürkiye
| | - Mert Turanli
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFırat UniversityElazigTürkiye
| | - Muhammed Uz
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFırat UniversityElazigTürkiye
| | - Metin Bayraktar
- Department of ZootechnyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFırat UniversityElazigTürkiye
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17
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Szabó MPJ, Queiroz CL, Suzin A, Rodrigues VDS, Vieira RBK, Martins MM, Rezende LM, Sousa ACP, Ramos VDN, Muraro FM, Fernandes LK, Santos LCM, Maia RDC, Rezende AF. Density and behavior of capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum with notes on Rickettsia bellii infection: Assessing human exposure risk. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102330. [PMID: 38460340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
In several urban and peri‑urban areas of Brazil, populations of Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum ticks are maintained by capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). In some of these areas, this host and these tick species are associated with Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), a lethal human disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii. In this work, we evaluated the risk of human exposure to these tick species using four collection techniques to discern host-seeking behavior. The study was carried out in 10 urban sites inhabited by capybaras in Uberlândia, a BSF-free municipality in southeastern Brazil. Ticks were collected in areas of 400 m2 at each site and at three seasons. Within the same municipality, the distance and speed of A. sculptum nymphs moving towards the CO2 traps were evaluated. In a sample of ticks Rickettsia DNA was investigated. During the study period, 52,953 ticks were collected. Among these, 83.4 % were A. sculptum (1,523 adults, 10,545 nymphs and 32,104 larvae) and 16.6 % were A. dubitatum (464 adults, 2,153 nymphs and 6,164 larvae). An average annual questing tick density of 4.4/m² was observed, with the highest density recorded at one site in autumn (31.8/m²) and the lowest in summer at another site (0.03/m²). The visual search yielded the highest proportion of A. sculptum larvae, constituting 47 % of the total and 63.6 % of all A. sculptum larvae. In contrast, CO2 traps collected a greater proportion of nymphs and adults of A. sculptum ticks. In the case of A. dubitatum, the CO2 trap was the most efficient technique with 57.7 % of captures of this species, especially of nymphs (94.5 % of captures) and adults (97.8 % of captures). Ticks' ambush height on vegetation (9 to 77 cm), observed by visual search 30 times, yielded a total of 20,771 ticks. Of these, 28 (93 %) were A. sculptum ticks, with only two (7 %) identified as A. dubitatum ticks. Among A. sculptum ticks, the nymph was the most attracted stage to humans and larva in the case of A. dubitatum. Amblyomma sculptum adults and nymphs were significantly more attracted to humans than those of A. dubitatum, but A. dubitatum larvae were significantly more attracted than the same stage of A. sculptum. The maximum distance and speed of horizontal displacement for A. sculptum nymphs were five meters and 2.0 m/h, respectively. The only species of Rickettsia detected in ticks, exclusively in A. dubitatum, was R. bellii. Importantly, it was observed that the higher the proportion of A. sculptum in the community of ticks, the lower the rate of infection of A. dubitatum by R. bellii. In conclusion, host-seeking behavior differed between the two tick species, as well as between stages of the same species. A greater restriction of A. dubitatum ticks to the soil was observed, while larvae and nymphs of A. sculptum dispersed higher in the vegetation. The behavior presented by A. sculptum provides greater opportunities for contact with the hosts, while A. dubitatum depends more on an active search for a host, the hunter behavior. Taken together, these observations show that a human being crossing an area infested with A. sculptum and A. dubitatum ticks will have almost exclusive contact with A. sculptum larvae and/or nymphs. Humans in a stationary position (sitting, lying or immobile) are exposed to both tick species, but they are more attractive to adults and mainly nymphs of A. sculptum compared to the corresponding stages of the tick A. dubitatum. The negative effect of A. sculptum on A. dubitatum infection by R. bellii deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias P J Szabó
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Lopes Queiroz
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriane Suzin
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinicius da Silva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Brauner Kamla Vieira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Clínica e Reprodução, Animal da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Marlene Martins
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lais Miguel Rezende
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina P Sousa
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa do Nascimento Ramos
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Marinho Muraro
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lais Keocheguerian Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lorena C M Santos
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Costa Maia
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ferreira Rezende
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Addo SO, Bentil RE, Mosore MT, Behene E, Adinkrah J, Tagoe J, Yeboah C, Baako BOA, Atibila D, Kwarteng SA, Poku-Asante K, Owusu-Darbo E, Asoala V, Mingle DL, Nyarko EO, Fox AT, Letizia AG, William JD, Nimo-Paintsil S, Harwood JF, Dadzie SK. Risk factors affecting the feeding site predilection of ticks on cattle in Ghana. Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:835-850. [PMID: 38578579 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-024-00906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Ticks are important disease vectors affecting animal health and causing substantial economic loss, especially in the tropics and subtropics. To examine the tick burden of cattle and associated risk factors for tick infestation, ticks were collected from 388 cattle within five regions in Ghana. Most of the cattle were males (50.3%) and generally older than 3 years (65%). Of the animals sampled, 2187 ticks were collected with a mean tick burden of 5.6 ticks per cattle, and the average tick burden on the udder/scrotum being significantly higher than in the anal region (Generalized Linear Mix Model [GLMM], p = 0.01197). The tick species identified were predominantly Amblyomma variegatum (42.6%) and Hyalomma rufipes (26.2%). High proportions of cattle examined were found to have A. variegatum infesting the udder/scrotum. Furthermore, H. rufipes infested mostly the anal region compared to other examined body parts (OR 14.8, 95% CI 8.6-25.4, p < 0.001). Using the GLMM, tick abundance was found to be significantly higher in cattle older than 3 years. The tick burden in the udder/scrotum was higher than that from the chest and leg/thigh of the cattle (GLMM, p < 0.05). The tick burden at the anal region was also significantly higher than the leg/thigh and chest. This study indicates that the preferred attachment sites of ticks on cattle are species-dependent and effective treatment with acaricides should take into consideration the udder/scrotum and anal regions as well as prioritizing older cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Offei Addo
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Ronald Essah Bentil
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mba-Tihssommah Mosore
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana
| | - Eric Behene
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana
| | - Julian Adinkrah
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana
| | - Janice Tagoe
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana
| | - Clara Yeboah
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Dorcas Atibila
- Entomology Unit, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - Sandra Abankwa Kwarteng
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Kwaku Poku-Asante
- Entomology Unit, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - Ellis Owusu-Darbo
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Victor Asoala
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Upper East Region, Ghana
| | - Daniel Lartei Mingle
- Public Health Division, 37 Military Hospital, Ghana Armed Forces Medical Service, Accra, Ghana
| | - Edward Owusu Nyarko
- Public Health Division, 37 Military Hospital, Ghana Armed Forces Medical Service, Accra, Ghana
| | - Anne T Fox
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Accra, Ghana
| | - Andrew G Letizia
- Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Samuel Kweku Dadzie
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
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Khan MY, Barlaam A, Gazzonis AL, Ferrari N, Giangaspero A. Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats from South Punjab Province, Pakistan. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 50:101018. [PMID: 38644047 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Layyah District in South Punjab Province of Pakistan offers the most intensive caprine economy in the country; its Indus riverine and desert environment makes the area peculiar and worthy of specific investigations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) IgG-antibody in goats in serum samples and the potential risk factors. The prevalence of T. gondii infection was estimated using a two-stage sample design. All caprine farms in the study area were stratified by size, and from these 110 were randomly selected. Twelve goats (>1-year-old) were selected from each farm and a total of 1320 serum samples were collected and tested by ELISA. A questionnaire on the conditions and management practices of each farm was administered to 110 farmers. Four hundred and sixteen out of 1320 sera samples (31.5%) were found positive and 89% of the flock had at least one seropositive goat. The proportion of seropositive goats tested within each flock ranged from 8.3% to 83.3%. with several factors contributing to this heterogeneity. Goat age played a significant role in the presence of cats. Significant interactions were related to goat farms having floor of dirt and kitten presence. Moreover, age class, abortion history and water source supply were modulated by owner education levels. This is the first study to determine the prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in goats sera in Layyah district and the largest carried out so far in Pakistan. The remarkable presence of T. gondii among goats in areas where goat farming plays a significant economic role may pose a production threat to the small-stock industry, as well as to public health and food safety. Therefore, investigations to identify high-risk goat populations are highly recommended in order to facilitate the implementation of local control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yaser Khan
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71121 Foggia, Italy; Para Veterinary Institute, Layyah Campus, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 54000, Karor Lal Eason, Lahore 31100, Pakistan.
| | - Alessandra Barlaam
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Alessia Libera Gazzonis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Annunziata Giangaspero
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71121 Foggia, Italy
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20
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Ribeiro ACS, Pinto PHN, Santos JDR, Ramalho NP, Laeber CCR, Balaro MFA, Batista RITP, Souza-Fabjan JMG, da Fonseca JF, Ungerfeld R, Brandão FZ. The pFSH dose affects the efficiency of in vivo embryo production in Santa Inês ewes. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 264:107459. [PMID: 38598889 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
This study compared the follicular growth, superovulatory response, and in vivo embryo production after administering two doses of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH) in Santa Inês ewes. The estrous cycle of 36 multiparous ewes was synchronized with the Day 0 protocol and superovulated with 133 mg (G133, n=18) or 200 mg (G200, n=18) of pFSH. Ultrasonographic evaluations of the ovaries were performed, ewes were mated and submitted to non-surgical embryo recovery. Viable blastocysts were stained with Nile Red and Hoechst. The G200 had a greater number of medium and large follicles, as well as a larger size of the third largest follicle. A total of 97.2% (35/36) of the ewes came into estrus and it was possible to transpose cervix in 80.6% (29/36). There were no effects of treatments in the response to superovulation, the proportion of ewes in which was possible to transpose the cervix, the number of corpora lutea, the number of anovulatory follicles, the proportion of ewes flushed with at least one recovered structure, number of recovered structures, number of viable embryos, viability rate, and recovery rate. The G200 ewes were in estrus for a longer period of time than the G133 ewes (54.0 ± 4.5 h vs. 40.3 ± 3.6 h) and produced more freezable embryos (6.5 ± 1.6 vs. 2.3 ± 0.7) than G133. Both doses promoted an efficient superovulatory response and did not affect embryonic lipid accumulation. The dose of 200 mg of pFSH showed greater potential to increase the superovulatory response, as it increased follicular recruitment and the recovery of freezable embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Sarzedas Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Henrique Nicolau Pinto
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | | | - Nadiala Porto Ramalho
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | - Camila Correa Roza Laeber
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | - Mario Felipe Alvarez Balaro
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jeferson Ferreira da Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Núcleo Regional Sudeste, Rodovia MG 133, Km 42, Coronel Pacheco, MG CEP 36155-000, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Ungerfeld
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Ruta 8 km 18, Montevideo 13000, Uruguay
| | - Felipe Zandonadi Brandão
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil.
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Zanol MB, Lima JPP, Assemany P, Aguiar A. Assessment of characteristics and treatment processes of wastewater from slaughterhouses in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. J Environ Manage 2024; 358:120862. [PMID: 38652984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The state of Minas Gerais is one of Brazil's largest animal protein producers, and its slaughterhouses generate highly polluting wastewater, which needs to be treated for discharge or reuse. As a novelty, this review article focused on assessing the characteristics and methods to treat wastewater from slaughterhouses in the state of Minas Gerais, and verifying its compliance with environmental regulatory agencies. The aim was to present data that helps to better manage this residue in other Brazilian states and countries. By analyzing the literature data, it was found that raw slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) showed a high concentration of organic matter. For most SWW, the BOD5/COD ratio was above 0.4, which implies that it can be treated biologically. Generally, treated wastewater was in accordance with legal discharge standards, considering COD and BOD5 removals above 70% and 75%, respectively. It was found that wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) consisted of some type of pretreatment (screens, grease traps) to remove coarse solids and fatty material, eventually followed by a flotation step and finally by biological processes, mostly anaerobic and/or aerated (or facultative) ponds. However, the absence of an aerobic process at the end of the treatment in some WWTPs, in addition to a system allowing better removal of biological flocs, might be the reason for ammoniacal nitrogen and suspended solids values being above the allowed maximum in treated wastewater, respectively. Besides the discharge into water bodies, it was verified that fertigation using treated SWW is very common in the state of Minas Gerais.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Pablo Pereira Lima
- Institute of Natural Resources, Federal University of Itajubá, 37500-903, Itajubá-MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Assemany
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, 37203-202, Lavras-MG, Brazil
| | - André Aguiar
- Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas-MG, Brazil; Institute of Natural Resources, Federal University of Itajubá, 37500-903, Itajubá-MG, Brazil.
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22
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Moreira MB, Ferreira FC, Campolina JP, Coelho SG. Association of passive immunity and genetic composition, health, and performance of tropical dairy calves. Res Vet Sci 2024; 171:105225. [PMID: 38507827 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify risk factors for the failure of transfer of passive immunity (FPI) in preweaned dairy calves, explore its associations with morbidity, mortality, genetics, and determine a standardized cut-off point for FPI. Analyzing data from 6011 calves, factors such as sire predicted transmitted ability for milk (PTA), birth season, retained placenta (RP), total serum protein concentration (TSP), morbidity (neonatal calf diarrhea - NCD, bovine respiratory disease - BRD, tick-borne disease - TBD), mortality, and average daily weight gain (ADG) were considered. The calves were categorized into predominantly Gyr (PG) and predominantly Holstein (PH) genetic composition groups. Multivariate mixed logistic regression revealed optimal TSP cut-off points for predicting morbidity (7.6 g/dL) and mortality (6.9 g/dL). PH calves exhibited 1.35 times higher odds of FPI and 1.48 times greater odds of disease. Calves from multiparous cows and those born to dams with RP had increased FPI odds. Disease prevalence was 53%, with 41% NCD, 18% BRD, and 10% TBD. Season, parity, PTA, and birth weight were associated with disease odds, though FPI was not a reliable predictor. The mortality percentage was 6%, with PH calves and those with a positive PTA having higher odds. The ADG was 0.64 kg, and FPI-affected calves gained less weight. The study compared and identified various risk factors that potentially impact calf immunity. However, the use of a standardized cut-off point for FPI assessment was not effective in predicting morbidity and mortality at this specific farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Moreira
- Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30161-970, Brazil
| | - F C Ferreira
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Tulare, CA 93274, USA; Agriculture Methane Director, Clean Air Task Force, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J P Campolina
- Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30161-970, Brazil
| | - S G Coelho
- Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30161-970, Brazil.
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23
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Elghardouf N, Ennaciri Y, Elakkary A, Sefiani N. Multi-loop active disturbance rejection control and PID control strategy for poultry house based on GA, PSO and GWO algorithms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29579. [PMID: 38655292 PMCID: PMC11036059 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the health and welfare of broilers, besides obtaining and optimizing good performance, are the main objectives of poultry production. In response, climate control remains the most guaranteed strategy for managing livestock successfully. Separate controlling temperature and humidity on the one hand; and contaminant gases on the other was a focus of several investigations. Thus, the particularity of this work which involves the study, analysis, and control of broiler livestock building while taking into account, at the same time, all the system's constituent variables (i.e., temperature, humidity, NH3 and CO2 concentration, air velocity, and differential pressure). In this paper, an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers were designed and combined with a multi-loop approach for a multi-inputs multi-outputs (MIMO) system. Then, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) were used to obtain the optimal controllers' parameters employing the reward function, the Integrated Time Absolute Error (ITAE), according to the poultry system requirements. Simulation experiments were carried out using the Matlab Simulink toolbox to verify the effectiveness of all the proposed control methods with the two optimization algorithms regarding stabilization and tracking setpoints. Despite the introduction of several disturbances in the plant model, the PSO-ADRC controller still exhibits notable benefits in terms of rise time, overshoot, settling time, and good disturbance rejection, proving the robustness of the suggested control method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjice Elghardouf
- Systems Analysis, Information Processing, and Integrated Management Laboratory, Superior School of Technology of Salé, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yassine Ennaciri
- Systems Analysis, Information Processing, and Integrated Management Laboratory, Superior School of Technology of Salé, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Elakkary
- Systems Analysis, Information Processing, and Integrated Management Laboratory, Superior School of Technology of Salé, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nacer Sefiani
- Systems Analysis, Information Processing, and Integrated Management Laboratory, Superior School of Technology of Salé, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
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Geraseev LC, Santos SS, Chaves AS, de Carvalho PPX, da Motta SAB, Machado FS, Duarte ER, Passetti RAC. Energy metabolism and respirometry of lambs fed sun or shade dried hays of banana crop residues. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:139. [PMID: 38656618 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of different drying methods for banana residues on the energy metabolism and respirometry of growing lambs. Twenty Santa Inês x Dorper lambs were fed five experimental diets: Tifton 85 grass hay (Control), shade-dried banana leaf hay (LH Shade), shade-dried pseudostem banana hay (PH Shade), sun-dried banana leaf hay (LH Sun), and sun-dried banana pseudostem hay (PH Sun). Nutrient intake and digestibility were assessed in metabolic cages, whereas O2 consumption and CO2, methane, and heat production were measured in a respirometry chamber with animals fed at maintenance and ad libitum levels. Nutrient and energy intake was not influenced by diet. Pseudostem hay had higher apparent digestibility of dry matter (71.5%), organic matter (72.4%), and neutral detergent fiber (58.0%). However, this led to greater energy loss in the form of methane (12.1%). The banana residue hays and drying methods did not alter oxygen consumption, CO2 production, or heat production of animals fed ad libitum or during maintenance. On the other hand, the use of leaf hay resulted in a reduction of 24.7% in enteric methane production of animals fed ad libitum. The inclusion of pseudostem hay is recommended in sheep feedlot diet. This residue provided greater use of DM, however promoted a greater loss of energy in the form of methane, resulting in similar energy consumption. The drying methods did not reduce the availability of nutrients and the sun drying method is recommended, since it is a faster drying method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Castro Geraseev
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Silva Santos
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | - Amália Saturnino Chaves
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo Xavier de Carvalho
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | - Sthephane Alverina Briguente da Motta
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Robson Duarte
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Augusto Cortêz Passetti
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
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Sabino YNV, de Araújo Domingues KC, O'Connor PM, Marques PH, Santos EH, Tótola MR, Abreu LM, de Queiroz MV, Cotter PD, Mantovani HC. Bacillus velezensis iturins inhibit the hemolytic activity of Staphylococcus aureus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9469. [PMID: 38658583 PMCID: PMC11043418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus has a major economic impact on the dairy sector. With the crucial need for new therapies, anti-virulence strategies have gained attention as alternatives to antibiotics. Here we aimed to identify novel compounds that inhibit the production/activity of hemolysins, a virulence factor of S. aureus associated with mastitis severity. We screened Bacillus strains obtained from diverse sources for compounds showing anti-hemolytic activity. Our results demonstrate that lipopeptides produced by Bacillus spp. completely prevented the hemolytic activity of S. aureus at certain concentrations. Following purification, both iturins, fengycins, and surfactins were able to reduce hemolysis caused by S. aureus, with iturins showing the highest anti-hemolytic activity (up to 76% reduction). The lipopeptides showed an effect at the post-translational level. Molecular docking simulations demonstrated that these compounds can bind to hemolysin, possibly interfering with enzyme action. Lastly, molecular dynamics analysis indicated general stability of important residues for hemolysin activity as well as the presence of hydrogen bonds between iturins and these residues, with longevous interactions. Our data reveals, for the first time, an anti-hemolytic activity of lipopeptides and highlights the potential application of iturins as an anti-virulence therapy to control bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pedro Henrique Marques
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Horta Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
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Fluck AC, Skonieski FR, Cardinal KM, de Borba LP, Costa OAD, Macagnan R, Stefanello S, Vaz RZ. Lactation performance, feed efficiency, and blood metabolites of dairy cows treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 173:105274. [PMID: 38669867 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the impact of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on lactation performance, feed efficiency, and blood metabolites in dairy cows. In the systematic review, articles were selected based on the following criteria: (1) Data focusing on the influence of bovine somatotropin doses on milk production; (2) Submission of original data; (3) Articles published in journals; and (4) Articles in English or Portuguese. The analysis of variance was used with a completely randomized design and mixed models methodology. Polynomial regression was applied to significant fixed effects (rbST dose). The use of rbST resulted in increased milk yield and 4% fat-corrected milk yield, while fat, protein, and lactose contents remained unaffected. Dry matter and metabolizable energy intakes, as well as milk/feed efficiency, exhibited a linear increase, but body condition score (BCS) was negatively impacted. The administration of rbST led to higher blood concentrations of triglycerides and insulin. Cows treated with rbST showed a 23% increase in non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations compared to non-treated cows. Additionally, growth factors IGF-1 and IGF-2 displayed a linear increase with rbST treatment. In summary, rbST administration increased milk yield and fat-corrected milk yield without affecting milk components. However, despite increasing intake, it resulted in BCS losses and alterations in blood parameters such as NEFA, IGF-1, and IGF-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Fluck
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 4, Dois Vizinhos, PR 85660-000, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Reimann Skonieski
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 4, Dois Vizinhos, PR 85660-000, Brazil
| | - Kátia Maria Cardinal
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha, Rod. RS-377 S/N, Alegrete, RS 97541-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Piffer de Borba
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 4, Dois Vizinhos, PR 85660-000, Brazil
| | - Olmar Antônio Denardin Costa
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 4, Dois Vizinhos, PR 85660-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Macagnan
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 4, Dois Vizinhos, PR 85660-000, Brazil
| | - Simone Stefanello
- Universidade de Cruz Alta - UNICRUZ, Rodovia Municipal Jacob Della Méa, km 5.6 - Parada Benito, Cruz Alta, RS 98005-972, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Zambarda Vaz
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Independência 3751, Palmeira das Missões, RS 98300-000, Brazil
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Withoeft JA, Marian L, da Costa LS, Fernandes FD, Vogel FSF, das Neves GB, Miletti LC, Casagrande RA. Sheep abortions associated with Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infections in multiple flocks from Southern Brazil. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10390-4. [PMID: 38653939 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Neosporosis and toxoplasmosis are important parasitic causes of abortions in small ruminants. This study verified the occurrence of these diseases in sheep fetuses from Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil from 2015 to 2022. Sheep fetuses were necropsied with organ sampling for histopathology, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii using the Nc5 and SAG2 targets, respectively, in frozen brain tissue. Microbiological culture and RT-PCR for Pestivirus were conducted to discard other abortion causes. One positive fetus for toxoplasmosis was genotyped using multiplex multilocus nested PCR-RFLP (Mn-PCR-RFLP) with ten genetic markers. Fifty-five sheep fetuses were evaluated, with 10 (18.2%) cases of neosporosis and 7 (12.7%) cases of toxoplasmosis, comprising six and four flocks, respectively. Macroscopically, neosporosis abortions exhibited fetal mummification, maceration, and arthrogryposis. Toxoplasmosis abortions showed fetal mummification and maceration. The neosporosis abortions included lymphoplasmacytic myositis (70%; 7/10) and myocarditis (60%; 6/10), in addition to necrotizing encephalitis and gliosis (50%; 5/10). Toxoplasmosis abortions included lymphoplasmacytic necrotizing encephalitis (71.4%; 5/7), lymphoplasmacytic myositis (42.8%, 3/7), and myocarditis (14.3%; 1/7). Through PCR, N. caninum and T. gondii were detected in 6 (60%) and 5 (71.4%) fetuses, respectively. In one fetus, T. gondii genotyping was conducted, which was characterized as atypical genotype ToxoDB #98. All of the cases were negative for Pestivirus and bacterial agents. This study establishes the occurrence of these diseases as causes of abortions, malformations, mummification, and fetal maceration in sheep, with the characterization of an atypical T. gondii genotype in one of the fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Aline Withoeft
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brasil
| | - Lucas Marian
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Silva da Costa
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brasil
| | - Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63D, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Bassi das Neves
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Hemoparasitas e Vetores, CAV/UDESC, Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brasil
| | - Luiz Cláudio Miletti
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Hemoparasitas e Vetores, CAV/UDESC, Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brasil
| | - Renata Assis Casagrande
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brasil.
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Silva RG, Kiupel M, Langohr IM, Wise A, Pereira SA, Gonçalves NP, da Conceição GMS, Ferreira LC, de Campos MP, Miranda LDFC, Figueiredo FB, de Oliveira RDVC, Keidel L, Menezes RC. Comparative Study of Colorimetric In Situ Hybridization and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Diagnosis of Infection by Leishmania infantum in Dogs in Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded Skin. Trop Med Infect Dis 2024; 9:91. [PMID: 38668552 PMCID: PMC11054412 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum and dogs are reservoirs for this parasite. For the diagnosis of Leishmania at the species level in dogs in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin (FFPES) samples, colorimetric in situ hybridization (CISH) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) are options, but their sensitivities are not well established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of these two techniques in FFPES for the diagnosis of the L. infantum infection in dogs using culture as the reference standard. The FFPES of 48 dogs with cutaneous infection by L. infantum confirmed by culture and by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis were examined by CISH and qPCR using specific probes for L. infantum. The sensitivities of qPCR, CISH and their combination were, respectively, 77.0%, 58.0% and 83.3%. The sensitivities of qPCR in dogs with and without clinical signs were, respectively, 74.2% and 82.4%. The sensitivities of CISH in dogs with and without clinical signs were, respectively, 61.3% and 52.9%. The CISH and qPCR showed satisfactory sensitivities for the diagnosis of L. infantum in the FFPES of dogs, even in dogs without clinical signs, and their combination increases the sensitivity for this diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Gonçalves Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (L.C.F.); (L.K.)
| | - Matti Kiupel
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, 4125 Beaumont Road, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (M.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Ingeborg Maria Langohr
- Sanofi, Global Discovery Pathology, Translational Models Research Platform, 350 Water Street, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA;
| | - Annabel Wise
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, 4125 Beaumont Road, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (M.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Sandro Antonio Pereira
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (L.C.F.); (L.K.)
| | - Natália Pedra Gonçalves
- Bio-Manguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (N.P.G.); (G.M.S.d.C.)
| | | | - Luiz Cláudio Ferreira
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (L.C.F.); (L.K.)
| | - Monique Paiva de Campos
- Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil; (M.P.d.C.); (F.B.F.)
| | - Luciana de Freitas Campos Miranda
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Surveillance of Leishmaniasis, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | - Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
- Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil; (M.P.d.C.); (F.B.F.)
| | | | - Lucas Keidel
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (L.C.F.); (L.K.)
| | - Rodrigo Caldas Menezes
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (L.C.F.); (L.K.)
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Portes JV, Rodrigues GRD, de Vasconcellos Silva JAI, de Paula Freitas A, Mercadante MEZ, Bonilha SFM, Canesin RC, Valente JDPS, Cyrillo JNDSG. Effects of inbreeding on production traits and genetic evaluations in Guzerá beef cattle raised under tropical conditions. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:132. [PMID: 38642253 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of inbreeding on growth traits and body measurements, as well as on the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic trends in Guzerá cattle. Phenotypic records of 4,212 animals selected for postweaning weight from Guzerá Breeding Program of Advanced Beef Cattle Research Center were utilized. The pedigree file contained records from 7,213 animals born from 1928 to 2019. The traits analyzed were: birth weight (BW), weights adjusted to 210, 378 and 550 days of age (W210, W378 and W550, respectively), chest girth at 378 and 550 days of age (CG378 and CG550), scrotal circumference (SC), and hip height at 378 and 550 days of age (HH378 and H550). Linear regression was used to evaluate the effects of inbreeding on traits. Genetic parameters were obtained using models including or not the effect of inbreeding as a covariate. Inbreeding had negative effects (P ≤ 0.01) on BW (-0.09 kg), W378 (-2.86 kg), W550 (-2.95 kg), HH378 (-0.10 cm), and H550 (-0.29 cm). The lowest and highest heritability estimates were obtained for W210 (0.21 ± 0.07) and HH550 (0.57 ± 0.06), respectively. The genetic correlations were strong and positive between all traits, ranging from 0.44 ± 0.08 (SC x HH) to 0.99 ± 0.01 (W378 x W550). Spearman correlations between EBVs obtained with or without inbreeding effect ranged from 0.968 to 0.995 (P < 0.01). The results indicate loss of productive performance in inbred animals. However, the inclusion of inbreeding coefficient in genetic evaluation models did not alter the magnitude of genetic parameters or genetic trends for the traits studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Varchaki Portes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenue Bento Gonçalves 7712, Porto Alegre, 91540-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Roberto Dias Rodrigues
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
- Institute of Animal Science (IZ), Beef Cattle Research Center, Rodovia Carlos Tonati 94, Sertãozinho, 13380-011, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Anielly de Paula Freitas
- Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenue Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Eugênia Zerlotti Mercadante
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Animal Science (IZ), Beef Cattle Research Center, Rodovia Carlos Tonati 94, Sertãozinho, 13380-011, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Carrilho Canesin
- Institute of Animal Science (IZ), Beef Cattle Research Center, Rodovia Carlos Tonati 94, Sertãozinho, 13380-011, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia de Paula Soares Valente
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Animal Science (IZ), Beef Cattle Research Center, Rodovia Carlos Tonati 94, Sertãozinho, 13380-011, SP, Brazil
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Irshad A, Noreen S, Nouroz F, Rasool A, Zhu M, Mohany M. First report on prevalence, molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of Toxoplasma gondii infecting sheep of the Malakand Division of Pakistan. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:102184. [PMID: 38691874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that infects one-third of the population of the world, including humans, animals, birds, and other vertebrates. The present investigation is the first molecular attempt in the Malakand Division of Pakistan to determine the epidemiology and phylogenetic study of Toxoplasma gondii infecting small ruminants. METHODOLOGY A total of (N = 450) blood samples of sheep were randomly collected during the study period (December 2020 to November 2021), and DNA detection was done using PCR by amplifying ITS-1 genes. SPSS.20 and MEGA-11 software were used for statistical significance and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS The overall prevalence of T. gondii infection among sheep was 14.44 % (65/450). A high infection rate was found in more than five-year-olds at 18.33 % (11/60). Sequencing and BLAST analysis of PCR-positive samples confirmed the presence of T. gondii. Randomly, three isolates were sequenced and submitted to GenBank under accession numbers (PP028089-PP028091), respectively. The BLAST analysis of the obtained sequences based on the ITS-1 gene showed 99 % similarities with reported genotypes found in goats of Malakand, Pakistan (PP028089) and dogs of Brazil (MF766454). The study concludes that T. gondii is notably prevalent among the sheep population in the region, emphasizing the significant role of risk factors in disease transmission across animals and potentially to humans. Further research, zoonotic potential analysis, and targeted control measures are warranted to address and manage this parasitic infection effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Irshad
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 21120, Pakistan.
| | - Shumaila Noreen
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 21120, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Nouroz
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 21120, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Rasool
- Center for Animal Sciences and Fisheries, University of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 19120, Pakistan
| | - Mingkun Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Pucetti P, Valadares Filho SDC, Roque JV, da Silva JT, de Oliveira KR, Silva FAS, Cardoso WJ, e Silva FF, Swanson KC. Predicting ruminal degradability and chemical composition of corn silage using near-infrared spectroscopy and multivariate regression. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296447. [PMID: 38635552 PMCID: PMC11025743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and validate regression models to predict the chemical composition and ruminal degradation parameters of corn silage by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). Ninety-four samples were used to develop and validate the models to predict corn silage composition. A subset of 23 samples was used to develop and validate models to predict ruminal degradation parameters of corn silage. Wet chemistry methods were used to determine the composition values and ruminal degradation parameters of the corn silage samples. The dried and ground samples had their NIR spectra scanned using a poliSPECNIR 900-1700 model NIR sprectrophotometer (ITPhotonics S.r.l, Breganze, IT.). The models were developed using regression by partial least squares (PLS), and the ordered predictor selection (OPS) method was used. In general, the regression models obtained to predict the corn silage composition (P>0.05), except the model for organic matter (OM), adequately estimated the studied properties. It was not possible to develop prediction models for the potentially degradable fraction in the rumen of OM and crude protein and the degradation rate of OM. The regression models that could be obtained to predict the ruminal degradation parameters showed correlation coefficient of calibration between 0.530 and 0.985. The regression models developed to predict CS composition accurately estimated the CS composition, except the model for OM. The NIR has potential to be used by nutritionists as a rapid prediction tool for ruminal degradation parameters in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauliane Pucetti
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Jussara Valente Roque
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wilson Junior Cardoso
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Kendall Carl Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
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Rešetar Maslov D, Rubić I, Farkaš V, Kuleš J, Beer Ljubić B, Beletić A, Samardžija M, Kovačić M, Jurkić Krsteska G, Mrljak V. Characterization and LC-MS/MS based proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles separated from blood serum of healthy and dogs naturally infected by Babesia canis. A preliminary study. Vet Parasitol 2024; 328:110188. [PMID: 38653059 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Canine babesiosis is a rapidly spreading tick-borne disease in Europe, which entails protozoan parasites invading red blood cells. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) (< 200 nm) were isolated from the serum of 15 healthy and 15 by Babesia canis naturally infected dogs aimed to distinguish EV characteristics and protein profiles. There were no significant differences (P = 0.05) observed in the mean sizes and concentrations of serum EVs between the healthy and canine babesiosis groups. Despite a higher number of Canis lupus proteins detected in EVs from serum of diseased dogs, there were no statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the number of protein IDs between the experimental groups. We successfully identified 211 Canis lupus proteins across both experimental groups, of which 147 Canis lupus proteins were validated as being EV-associated. This data set is accessible via the ProteomeXchange PXD047647. EVs isolated from serum of B. canis infected dogs were Cd9+, Cd63+, Cd81+, and Cd82+. Furthermore, 73 Canis lupus proteins were validated as EV-associated and specific for EVs isolated from serum of B. canis-infected dogs. These were predominantly membrane and cytosolic proteins, and innate and adaptive immune system-related proteins, especially those involved in adhesion and proteoglycan mechanisms like integrins. Enrichment was also observed for proteins involved in vascular and cellular responses, including signalling pathways such as VEGF, VEGFR, and the LKB1 network. When only blood-related sites of EV expression were evaluated, the origins of EV proteins were mostly cells of immune system. These were dendritic cells, neutrophils, B cells, monocytes and platelets. In general, proteins were enriched in pathways that collectively regulate various cellular processes, including immune responses, communication, signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and apoptosis. Serum EVs and their protein cargo may have an important role in both the invasion of B. canis and the host's response to the parasitic infection, nevertheless, additional experimental research is warranted. The overall count of identified EV proteins of parasitic origin, meeting cut off criteria of two peptides and 1 % FDR, was relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Rešetar Maslov
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Ivana Rubić
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Farkaš
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; Ruđer Bošković Insitute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josipa Kuleš
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Anđelo Beletić
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; Genos Ltd, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Mislav Kovačić
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Gabrijela Jurkić Krsteska
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova street 55, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
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Wu Z, Wu W, Yang S, Cheng F, Lv J, Shao Y, Tang X, Li E, Zhao Q. Safety evaluation and effects of dietary phlorotannins on the growth, health, and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024:109569. [PMID: 38641216 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Phlorotannins are phenolic compounds with diverse biological activities, yet their efficacy in aquatic animals currently remains unclear. This investigation scrutinized the influence of phlorotannins on the growth, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota in Litopenaeus vannamei, concurrently evaluating the potential adverse effects of phlorotannins on L. vannamei. A base diet without phlorotannins supplementation was used as a control, and 4 groups of diets with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g kg-1) of phlorotannins were formulated and fed to juvenile shrimp (0.25 ± 0.01 g) for 60 days followed by a 24-hour challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus with triplicate in each group. Compared with the control, dietary 2.0 g kg-1 phlorotannins significantly improved the growth of the shrimp. The activities of enzymes related to cellular immunity, humoral immunity, and antioxidants, along with a notable upregulation in the expression of related genes, significantly increased. After V. parahaemolyticus challenge, the cumulative survival rates of the shrimp demonstrated a positive correlation with elevated concentrations of phlorotannins. In addition, the abundance of Bacteroidetes and functional genes associated with metabolism increased in phlorotannins supplementation groups. Phlorotannins did not elicit any detrimental effects on the biological macromolecules or histological integrity of the hepatopancreas or intestines. Simultaneously, it led to a significant reduction in malondialdehyde content. All results indicated that phlorotannins at concentrations of 2.0 g kg-1 can be used as safe feed additives to promote the growth, stimulate the immune response, improve the antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of L. vannamei, and an protect shrimp from damage caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Shouguo Yang
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571126, China
| | - Fen Cheng
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571126, China
| | - Jingyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yingjin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Xianming Tang
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571126, China
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
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Libanio Reis Santos E, Silva O, Nascimento Araújo BJ, de Lima Rodrigues M, de Oliveira-Lima J, Camargo-Mathias MI. Effects of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) on zebrafish ( Danio rerio) gills and blood. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2024; 87:357-370. [PMID: 38305282 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2312253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) is an important surfactant used as a cleaning agent and industrial additive to remove unwanted chemicals which have been detected in the aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to examine the toxicological potential of SDBS on the gills of adult male zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to this chemical. For the 96 hr acute exposure, fish were divided into three groups: control, 0.25 mg/L, and 0.5 mg/L of SDBS. After the experiment, morphophysiological analyses (gill histopathology and histochemistry), oxidative stress (determination of gill activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)), and hematological analyses (leukocyte differentiation) were conducted. Data demonstrated that SDBS at both tested concentrations altered the histopathological index and initiated circulatory disturbances, as well as adverse, progressive, and immunological changes in the gills. In the 0.5 mg/L group, SOD activity decreased significantly, but CAT activity was not altered. Prominent blood changes observed in this group were neutrophilia and lymphocytosis. The number of mucous and chloride cells increased significantly in both groups. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that exposure of D. rerio to SDBS, even for 96 hr, produced adverse morphological and hematological effects associated with a reduction in SOD activity. Our findings indicate that exposure of aquatic species to the anionic surfactant SDBS may lead to adverse consequences associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, this study highlights the risks that this substance may pose to aquatic ecosystems and emphasizes the need for further investigations and strict regulations on its disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Libanio Reis Santos
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Gurupi (UnirG), Paraíso do Tocantins, Tocantins, Brazil
| | - Odaiza Silva
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Jéssyca Nascimento Araújo
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena de Lima Rodrigues
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Izabel Camargo-Mathias
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pandolfi IA, de Oliveira WA, Martins-Filho OA, de Araújo FF, da Costa Rocha IA, Bittar ER, Araújo MSS, Bittar JFF. The seasonality as a relevant aspect to be considered for differential diagnosis of Trypanosoma vivax infection and co-infections in female cattle. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:102180. [PMID: 38653007 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Bovine Trypanosomiasis and other infectious diseases cause relevant loss for the livestock industry impacting productive/reproductive indices. This study intended to better understand the frequency, seasonality, and profile of infections associated with Bovine Trypanosomiasis. A total of 1443 serum samples were screened for T. vivax infection and other infectious diseases: Neosporosis, Leptospirosis, Bovine Leukosis Virus infection/(BLV), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis/(IBR) or Bovine Viral Diarrhea/(BVD). Distinct methods were used for screening and diagnosis: immunofluorescence assay (Trypanosomiasis), ELISA (Neosporosis,BLV,IBR,BVD) and microscopic agglutination test (Leptospirosis). Our findings demonstrated that the seropositivity for Trypanosomiasis=57% was similar to Neosporosis=55%, higher than Leptospirosis=39% and BVL=34%, but lower than IBR=88% and BVD=71%. The seropositivity for Trypanosomiasis was higher in the autumn and lower in the winter. Regardless the season, the IBR seropositivity (min=73%;max=95%) was higher than Trypanosomiasis (min=48%;max=68%). Moreover, Neosporosis (min=71%;max=100%) and BVD (min=65%;max=76%) were more frequent than Trypanosomiasis in the summer, winter and spring. The diagnosis outcome revealed that Trypanosomiasis&IBR=43% and Trypanosomiasis&Neosporosis=35% were the most frequent co-infections with higher seropositivity in the autumn (58%) and summer (80%), respectively. Noteworthy, high seropositivity to Trypanosomiasis&BVD was registered in the autumn (46%). Together, our data re-enforce the relevance of differential diagnosis between Trypanosomiasis with other bovine infectious diseases and that differences in the seasonality profile is a relevant aspect to be considered while selecting the differential diagnosis to be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Andrade Pandolfi
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wallacy Augusto de Oliveira
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fortes de Araújo
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ismael Artur da Costa Rocha
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eustáquio Resende Bittar
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcio Sobreira Silva Araújo
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Joely Ferreira Figueiredo Bittar
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Dean CJ, Peña-Mosca F, Ray T, Wehri TJ, Sharpe K, Antunes, Jr. AM, Doster E, Fernandes L, Calles VF, Bauman C, Godden S, Heins B, Pinedo P, Machado VS, Caixeta LS, Noyes NR. Exploring associations between the teat apex metagenome and Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infections in primiparous cows under organic directives. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0223423. [PMID: 38497641 PMCID: PMC11022539 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02234-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to identify associations between the prepartum teat apex microbiome and the presence of Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infections (IMI) in primiparous cows during the first 5 weeks after calving. We performed a case-control study using shotgun metagenomics of the teat apex and culture-based milk data collected longitudinally from 710 primiparous cows on five organic dairy farms. Cases had higher odds of having S. aureus metagenomic DNA on the teat apex prior to parturition compared to controls (OR = 38.9, 95% CI: 14.84-102.21). Differential abundance analysis confirmed this association, with cases having a 23.8 higher log fold change (LFC) in the abundance of S. aureus in their samples compared to controls. Of the most prevalent microorganisms in controls, those associated with a lower risk of post-calving S. aureus IMI included Microbacterium phage Min 1 (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.25-0.53), Corynebacterium efficiens (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30-0.94), Kocuria polaris (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.35-0.82), Micrococcus terreus (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44-0.93), and Dietzia alimentaria (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26-0.75). Genes encoding for Microcin B17 AMPs were the most prevalent on the teat apex of cases and controls (99.7% in both groups). The predicted abundance of genes encoding for Microcin B17 was also higher in cases compared to controls (LFC 0.26). IMPORTANCE Intramammary infections (IMI) caused by Staphylococcus aureus remain an important problem for the dairy industry. The microbiome on the external skin of the teat apex may play a role in mitigating S. aureus IMI risk, in particular the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) by commensal microbes. However, current studies of the teat apex microbiome utilize a 16S approach, which precludes the detection of genomic features such as genes that encode for AMPs. Therefore, further research using a shotgun metagenomic approach is needed to understand what role prepartum teat apex microbiome dynamics play in IMI risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. J. Dean
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - F. Peña-Mosca
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - T. Ray
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - T. J. Wehri
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - K. Sharpe
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - A. M. Antunes, Jr.
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - E. Doster
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - L. Fernandes
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - V. F. Calles
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - C. Bauman
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - S. Godden
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - B. Heins
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - P. Pinedo
- Department of Animal Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - V. S. Machado
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - L. S. Caixeta
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - N. R. Noyes
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Dias MR, de Moraes KAK, de Oliveira AS, Batista ED, Salomão AMR, Zambenedetti A, Petrenko NB, Sousa JN, Ortelam JC, Ickert A, Chaves CS, de Moraes EHBK. Nutritional Performance of Grazing Beef Cattle Supplemented with High-Protein Distillers' Dried Grain. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1209. [PMID: 38672356 PMCID: PMC11047416 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effects of including high-protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG; 430 g/CP) in supplements for beef cattle in an intensive finishing pasture system. Five Nellore bulls with an average body weight (BW) of 413.5 ± 32 kg were distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. The animals were randomly allocated to Marandu palisade grass paddocks (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu), with 0.32 ha each. Protein-energy supplements were evaluated and formulated with different replacement levels (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 g/kg) of soybean meal (SBM) by HP-DDG. Supplements were offered once a day in the amount of 6.0 kg/animal. Replacing SBM with HP-DDG had no effect (p > 0.10) on the intake of total and pasture DM, OM, CP, NDFap, digestible organic matter (DOM), metabolizable protein and CP:DOM ratio. Total and pasture DM intake averaged 6.07 and 11.54 kg/day, respectively. Replacing SBM with HP-DDG reduces and increases, respectively, the intake of degradable (RDP) and undegradable (RUP) protein in the rumen (p < 0.10) with a consequent linear reduction in ruminal ammonia concentration (RAN), nitrogen excretion in urine and serum N concentration (SUN) (p < 0.10). In supplements offered in the amount of 6.0 kg animal/day, SBM can be completely replaced by HP-DDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene Rodrigues Dias
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Kamila Andreatta Kling de Moraes
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - André Soares de Oliveira
- Dairy Cattle Research Lab—NPLEITE, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil;
| | | | - Ana Maria Rodrigues Salomão
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Alexandre Zambenedetti
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Natasha Bedresdke Petrenko
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Jarliane Nascimento Sousa
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Juliana Candeias Ortelam
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Alex Ickert
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Carla Silva Chaves
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Eduardo Henrique Bevitori Kling de Moraes
- Núcleo de Estudos em Pecuária Intensiva—NEPI, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop, Sinop 78550-728, Brazil; (M.R.D.); (K.A.K.d.M.); (A.M.R.S.); (A.Z.); (N.B.P.); (J.N.S.); (J.C.O.); (A.I.); (C.S.C.)
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Marques PAC, Guerra NB, Dos Santos LS, Mussagy CU, Sant'Ana Pegorin Brasil G, Burd BS, Su Y, da Silva Sasaki JC, Scontri M, de Lima Lopes Filho PE, Silva GR, Miranda MCR, Ferreira ES, Primo FL, Fernandes MA, Crotti AEM, He S, Forster S, Ma C, de Barros NR, de Mendonça RJ, Jucaud V, Li B, Herculano RD, Floriano JF. Natural rubber latex-based biomaterials for drug delivery and regenerative medicine: Trends and directions. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131666. [PMID: 38636755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) has shown to be a promising biomaterial for use as a drug delivery system to release various bioactive compounds. It is cost-effective, easy to handle, biocompatible, and exhibits pro-angiogenic and pro-healing properties for both soft and hard tissues. NRL releases compounds following burst and sustained release kinetics, exhibiting first-order release kinetics. Moreover, its pore density can be adjusted for tailored kinetics profiles. In addition, biotechnological applications of NRL in amblyopia, smart mattresses, and neovaginoplasty have demonstrated success. This comprehensive review explores NRL's diverse applications in biotechnology and biomedicine, addressing challenges in translating research into clinical practice. Organized into eight sections, the review emphasizes NRL's potential in wound healing, drug delivery, and metallic nanoparticle synthesis. It also addresses the challenges in enhancing NRL's physical properties and discusses its interactions with the human immune system. Furthermore, examines NRL's potential in creating wearable medical devices and biosensors for neurological disorders. To fully explore NRL's potential in addressing important medical conditions, we emphasize throughout this review the importance of interdisciplinary research and collaboration. In conclusion, this review advances our understanding of NRL's role in biomedical and biotechnological applications, offering insights into its diverse applications and promising opportunities for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Augusto Chagas Marques
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13560-970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lindomar Soares Dos Santos
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, 14.040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cassamo Ussemane Mussagy
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Giovana Sant'Ana Pegorin Brasil
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Betina Sayeg Burd
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Yanjin Su
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Josana Carla da Silva Sasaki
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus Scontri
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Glaucio Ribeiro Silva
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Minas Gerais, s/n São Luiz Gonzaga Street, 35577-010 Formiga, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus Carlos Romeiro Miranda
- Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, 09972-270 Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Ernando Silva Ferreira
- State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Department of Physics, s/n Transnordestina Highway, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Fernando Lucas Primo
- Bionanomaterials and Bioengineering Group, Department of Biotechnology and Bioprocesses Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariza Aires Fernandes
- Bionanomaterials and Bioengineering Group, Department of Biotechnology and Bioprocesses Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Eduardo Miller Crotti
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, 14.040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Siqi He
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 11507 W Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Samuel Forster
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 11507 W Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Changyu Ma
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 11507 W Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA; Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, USA
| | - Natan Roberto de Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 11507 W Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Ricardo José de Mendonça
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Physiology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 11507 W Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Bingbing Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 11507 W Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA; Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, USA
| | - Rondinelli Donizetti Herculano
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 11507 W Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA; Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, USA.
| | - Juliana Ferreira Floriano
- School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 17033-360 Bauru, SP, Brazil; Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK.
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da Silva MA, de Oliveira JS, Santos EM, de Lima Cruz GF, de Araújo GGL, da Silva MMC, de Carvalho Sobral G, de Farias Ramos JP, Gomes PGB, Leite GM, Coutinho Santos MA, da Cunha Torres Júnior P, Matias Filho AF. Evaluation of internal markers in digestibility estimation for sheep and goats. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:126. [PMID: 38625501 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the indirect methods of obtaining digestibility with the direct method of total fecal collection to estimate the apparent digestibility of nutrients in sheep and goats supplemented with non-protein nitrogen. Five goats and five sheep with no defined racial pattern were used, distributed in two 5 × 5 Latin squares, with split plots, considering the diets as plots and the apparent digestibility determination methodologies as subplots. The diets were composed of buffelgrass hay and the addition, via ruminal infusion, of increasing amounts of nitrogen supplementation in order to gradually raise the CP level of the basal diet in intervals of 2% points, that is, + 2, +4, + 6 and + 8%. Samples of the feeds offered, and the leftovers were collected daily during the five days of collection to determine the nutrient intake, as well as the total collection of feces to determine the apparent digestibility of the nutrients. The amount of fecal dry matter excreted was estimated by the concentration of Indigestible Acid Detergent Fiber (ADFi), Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDFi), Indigestible Dry Matter at 244 h (DMi 244 h) and Indigestible Dry Matter at 264 h (DMi 264 h). Among the evaluated markers, DMi 264 h had the lowest accuracy in estimating fecal excretion and nutrient digestibility. For the goat species, the markers ADFi and DMi 244 h proved to be able to adequately predict fecal excretion and digestibility indices, while NDFi stood out for both species. Among the evaluated markers, NDFi is the one that most accurately estimates the nutrient digestibility of the diet for goats and sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Alves da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Silva de Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Edson Mauro Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcia Maria Cândido da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Carvalho Sobral
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | - João Paulo de Farias Ramos
- Department of Animal Production, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, IZ, Seropédica, RJ, CEP: 23.897- 000, Brazil
| | - Paloma Gabriela Batista Gomes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Medeiros Leite
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Alyne Coutinho Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo da Cunha Torres Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus II, Areia-PB, João Pessoa, CEP: 58397-000, Brazil
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Yap M, O'Sullivan O, O'Toole PW, Sheehan JJ, Fenelon MA, Cotter PD. Seasonal and geographical impact on the Irish raw milk microbiota correlates with chemical composition and climatic variables. mSystems 2024; 9:e0129023. [PMID: 38445870 PMCID: PMC11019797 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01290-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Season and location have previously been shown to be associated with differences in the microbiota of raw milk, especially in milk from pasture-based systems. Here, we further advance research in this area by examining differences in the raw milk microbiota from several locations across Ireland over 12 months, and by investigating microbiota associations with climatic variables and chemical composition. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to investigate the microbiota of raw milk collected from nine locations (n = 241). Concurrent chemical analysis of the protein, fat, lactose, total solids, nonprotein nitrogen contents, and titratable acidity (TA) of the same raw milk were performed. Although the raw milk microbiota was highly diverse, a core microbiota was found, with Pseudomonas_E, Lactococcus, Acinetobacter, and Leuconostoc present in all samples. Microbiota diversity significantly differed by season and location, with differences in seasonality and geography corresponding to 11.8% and 10.5% of the variation in the microbiota. Functional and antibiotic resistance profiles also varied across season and location. The analysis of other metadata revealed additional interactions, such as an association between mean daily air and grass temperatures with the abundance of spoilage taxa like Pseudomonas species. Correlations were identified between pathogenic, mastitis-related species, fat content, and the number of sun hours, suggesting a seasonal effect. Ultimately, this study expands our understanding of the interconnected nature of the microbiota, environment/climate variables, and chemical composition of raw milk and provides evidence of a season- and location-specific microbiota. IMPORTANCE The microbiota of raw milk is influenced by many factors that encourage or prevent the introduction and growth of both beneficial and undesirable microorganisms. The seasonal and geographical impacts on the microbial communities of raw milk have been previously seen, but the relationships with environmental factors and the chemical composition has yet to be investigated. In this year-long study, we found that while raw milk is highly diverse, a core microbiota was detected for Irish raw milk, with strong evidence of seasonal and geographical influence. We also found associations between groups of microorganisms, environmental factors, and milk composition, which expand current knowledge on the relationships between microbial and chemical composition and the climate. These results provide evidence for the development of a tool to allow for the prediction of raw milk quality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yap
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Orla O'Sullivan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul W. O'Toole
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jeremiah J. Sheehan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
- Dairy Processing Technology Centre (DPTC), Limerick, Ireland
| | - Mark A. Fenelon
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
- Dairy Processing Technology Centre (DPTC), Limerick, Ireland
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
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Phannithi T, Laikul A, Pathomsakulwong W, Rungsri P, Apichaimongkonkun T, Watchrarat K, Cherdchutham W. External Hoof Measurements of Untrimmed and Unshod Mules in Northern Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1197. [PMID: 38672345 PMCID: PMC11047516 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
External hoof characteristics, balance, and conformation have been extensively studied in horses; however, mules remain understudied in these aspects. This study evaluated the size, shape, and symmetry of untrimmed and unshod forelimb hooves, compared the symmetry between forelimb hooves and stratified external forelimb hoof measurements based on the body condition score of mules raised in the foothill plains of northern Thailand. The forelimb hooves of 38 mules were photographed and 33 parameters, including angular and linear measurements, were analyzed. A multivariate analysis was used to explore the influence of sex, age, and body condition scores (BCS) on angular, linear, and area parameters. Additionally, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test was used to compare these parameters across different BCS groups. Despite the absence of shoeing and trimming, these mules exhibited optimal left-right forelimb hoof symmetry, with no significant (p < 0.05) differences in: outer wall length and inner wall length (OWL-IWL: Left 0.11 ± 0.66 cm; Right -0.12 ± 0.43 cm); sole length and sole width (SLS-SW: Left 1.65 ± 0.76 cm; Right 1.46 ± 0.89 cm); dorsal hoof wall length and heel length (DHWL-HL: Left 4.00 ± 0.80 cm; Right 3.81 ± 0.72 cm); and frog length and frog width (FL-FW: Left 3.88 ± 1.13 cm; Right 3.82 ± 0.18 cm). However, significant (p < 0.05) differences were observed within each body condition score group for forelimb hoof measurements for DHWL, IWL, heel separation (HS), heel bulb distance (HBD), SW, FW, and FL, while sex and age had no significant differences across the study variables. These findings provide valuable insights into mule welfare and management, contributing to understanding of the interplay between overall health and hoof conformation in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thawijit Phannithi
- Veterinary Clinical Studies Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakorn Pathom 73140, Thailand;
| | - Aree Laikul
- Department of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakorn Pathom 73140, Thailand;
| | - Watcharapol Pathomsakulwong
- Equine Clinic, Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Sean, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand; (W.P.); (T.A.)
| | - Porrakote Rungsri
- Equine Clinic, Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Tawanhathai Apichaimongkonkun
- Equine Clinic, Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Sean, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand; (W.P.); (T.A.)
| | - Krisana Watchrarat
- Veterinarian of Royal Stable Unit, The Royal Thai Army, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Worakij Cherdchutham
- Department of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakorn Pathom 73140, Thailand;
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Yurci A, Zaman F, Sarı U, Deveci E. E-cadherin and NF-κB expression in the vagina after ovarian ischemia and reperfusion. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e391724. [PMID: 38629650 PMCID: PMC11020660 DOI: 10.1590/acb391724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate inflammation and cell adhesion molecules in the vagina after ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. METHODS 20 Wistar albino female rats were divided into two groups: control, and IR groups. In IR group, blood flow was restricted for 2 hours for ovarian ischemia. Then, tissues were re-blood 2 hours for reperfusion. Vagina tissues were excised and processed for histopathological analysis. Histopathological and biochemical follow-ups were performed. RESULTS Both malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase values were increased in IR group compared to control group. Glutathione content was decreased in IR group compared to control group. Epithelial degeneration, inflammation, dilatation, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression were increased in IR group compared to control group. E-cadherin expression was significantly decreased in IR group. In the IR group, E-cadherin showed a positive reaction in adenomas, gland-like cryptic structures, cellular junctions with clustered inflammatory cells. In the IR group, NF-κB expression was increased in basement membrane, inflammatory cells, in blood vessels. CONCLUSIONS Ovarian ischemia caused degeneration of epithelial cells in the vaginal region and disruptions in the cell junction complex, which leads to activation of E-cadherin and NF-κB signaling pathway and alterations in reproductive and embryonal development in the vaginal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Yurci
- İstanbul Bahcelievler Memorial Hospital – Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fuat Zaman
- Diyarlife Hospital – Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Umut Sarı
- İstanbul Bahcelievler Memorial Hospital – Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Deveci
- Dicle University – Faculty of Medicine – Department of Histology and Embryology – Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Coelho ELJ, Antunes HMR, Silva TFD, Veggi NDG, Sousa VRF, Almeida ADBPFD. Prevalence and clinical findings of feline otitis externa in Midwest Brazil. Top Companion Anim Med 2024; 60:100876. [PMID: 38631427 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of otitis externa (OE) in cats using cytology, direct otoscopic examination, and parasitological examination through swabs and curettage, and to compare the accuracy between collection methods for parasitological examination. Direct otoscopic evaluation of the external auditory canal (right and left), swabs for cytological examination of the external auditory canal, and collection of cerumen for parasitological examination through swabs and curettage of 137 cats from a veterinary hospital care were conducted between March 2021 and March 2022. The influences of age, sex, habitat, street access, and the presence of fleas on OE were evaluated. Cytological evidence of OE was observed in 25.5 % of cats and was statistically associated with flea and mite parasitism. Otodectes cynotis was found in 13.9 % of the cats. Cocci and Bacilli were the secondary factors in 34.3 % and 22.9 % of cats with OE, respectively. The Malassezia genus was a secundary factor in 57.1 % of the cats with OE. The frequency of OE was high in cats receiving hospital care. O. cynotis was a frequent primary cause of OE in cats. The curette sampling method is a great option for diagnosing O. cynotis infestation due to its ease of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Lorran Jerdlicka Coelho
- Residency Program in Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Fernando Correa da Costa Avenue, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Helloine Mariane Ribeiro Antunes
- Residency Program in Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Fernando Correa da Costa Avenue, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Thaiza Fernanda da Silva
- Residency Program in Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Fernando Correa da Costa Avenue, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Naiani Domingos Gasparetto Veggi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Fernando Correa da Costa Avenue, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Valéria Régia Franco Sousa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Fernando Correa da Costa Avenue, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Fernando Correa da Costa Avenue, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
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Hardison EA, Eliason EJ. Diet effects on ectotherm thermal performance. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 38616524 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The environment is changing rapidly, and considerable research is aimed at understanding the capacity of organisms to respond. Changes in environmental temperature are particularly concerning as most animals are ectothermic, with temperature considered a key factor governing their ecology, biogeography, behaviour and physiology. The ability of ectotherms to persist in an increasingly warm, variable, and unpredictable future will depend on their nutritional status. Nutritional resources (e.g. food availability, quality, options) vary across space and time and in response to environmental change, but animals also have the capacity to alter how much they eat and what they eat, which may help them improve their performance under climate change. In this review, we discuss the state of knowledge in the intersection between animal nutrition and temperature. We take a mechanistic approach to describe nutrients (i.e. broad macronutrients, specific lipids, and micronutrients) that may impact thermal performance and discuss what is currently known about their role in ectotherm thermal plasticity, thermoregulatory behaviour, diet preference, and thermal tolerance. We finish by describing how this topic can inform ectotherm biogeography, behaviour, and aquaculture research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Hardison
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA
| | - Erika J Eliason
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA
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Ugochukwu IC, Luca I, Odigie AE, Njoga EO, Sani NA, Enam JS, Rhimi W, Muhammad ST, Abubakar A, Wakawa AM, Otuh P, Adebiyi T, Nwufoh OC, Udeani I, Oyeleye T, Jarikre TA, Idris SY, Bada A, Shehu Z, Tola A, Okonkwo C, Egwuogu CF, Njoku UN, Ocheja OB, Dzongor J, Grema B, Ibrahim NDG, Njoku COI, Sackey AKB, Emikpe BO, Yunusa A, Ihedioha JI, Jahun BM, Udegbunam SO, Shoyinka SVO. Survey of Animal Neoplastic Cases Diagnosed in Nigerian Veterinary Teaching Hospitals, 2000-2017. Vet Sci 2024; 11:175. [PMID: 38668442 PMCID: PMC11054526 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Incidence data from 17-year veterinary neoplasm surveillance and registration were reviewed. Most of the neoplastic cases diagnosed in Nigerian veterinary teaching hospitals (VTHs) were in the avian (49%) and canine species (44%). Fewer cases were recorded in the equine (3.2%), bovine (2.4%), ovine (1.5%), caprine (0.3%) and porcine (0.15%) species. Marek's disease was the most prevalently diagnosed neoplastic disease of domestic animals in Nigerian VTHs from 2000-2017. Also, the Nigerian local breed had a higher mean distribution than any other dog breed and this was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Nearly all of the neoplastic cases diagnosed, were found in females (60.4%) and so the mean distribution of sex was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The digestive system, with 296 (46.25%) cases, was the anatomic location where the majority of the neoplastic cases were found. However, the mean distribution of different neoplastic anatomic sites was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, little emphasis is given to the appropriate diagnosis and recording of neoplastic cases that are diagnosed. The study provides information regarding the prevalence and distribution of tumours in different animal species consulted in Nigeria veterinary teaching hospitals. To illustrate all of this, ArcGIS software was used. Veterinary clinicians, pathologists and epidemiologists from Nigeria may benefit from the results of this study by freely accessing some specific data regarding the breed, the age group or the gender of some animal species diagnosed with different tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iniobong Chukwuebuka Ugochukwu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.C.U.); (J.I.I.); (S.V.O.S.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Universita degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy; (A.E.O.); (W.R.)
| | - Iasmina Luca
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Amienwanlen Eugene Odigie
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Universita degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy; (A.E.O.); (W.R.)
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Okechukwu Njoga
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria;
| | - Nuhu Abdulazeez Sani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Abuja, Gwagwalada Federal Capital Territory, Abuja 900105, Nigeria;
| | - James Samson Enam
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (J.S.E.); (S.Y.I.); (N.D.G.I.); (C.O.I.N.)
| | - Wafa Rhimi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Universita degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy; (A.E.O.); (W.R.)
| | - Sa’idu Tanko Muhammad
- Zaria Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (S.T.M.); (A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdussamad Abubakar
- Zaria Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (S.T.M.); (A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Aliyu Mohammed Wakawa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (A.M.W.); (A.K.B.S.); (B.M.J.)
| | - Patricia Otuh
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike 440101, Nigeria;
| | - Taiwo Adebiyi
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria;
| | | | - Ikechukwu Udeani
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.); (T.O.); (S.O.U.)
| | - Tosin Oyeleye
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.); (T.O.); (S.O.U.)
| | | | - Sheriff Yusuf Idris
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (J.S.E.); (S.Y.I.); (N.D.G.I.); (C.O.I.N.)
| | - Abdulaziz Bada
- Zaria Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (S.T.M.); (A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Zaid Shehu
- Usmanu Dan Fodio University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sokoto 840101, Nigeria; (Z.S.); (A.Y.)
| | - Ajadi Tola
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta 111101, Nigeria;
| | - Chidi Okonkwo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike 440101, Nigeria;
| | - Chioma Frances Egwuogu
- Veterinary Teaching Hospita, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike 440101, Nigeria;
| | - Uchechukwu Nnanna Njoku
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike 440101, Nigeria;
| | - Ohiemi Benjamin Ocheja
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria;
| | - Joel Dzongor
- Makurdi Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joseph Tarka University of Agriculture, Makurdi 970212, Nigeria; (J.D.); (B.G.)
| | - Barka Grema
- Makurdi Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joseph Tarka University of Agriculture, Makurdi 970212, Nigeria; (J.D.); (B.G.)
| | - Najume Dogowar G. Ibrahim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (J.S.E.); (S.Y.I.); (N.D.G.I.); (C.O.I.N.)
| | - Celestine O. I. Njoku
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (J.S.E.); (S.Y.I.); (N.D.G.I.); (C.O.I.N.)
| | - Anthony Kojo B. Sackey
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (A.M.W.); (A.K.B.S.); (B.M.J.)
| | - Benjamin O. Emikpe
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria; (T.A.J.); (B.O.E.)
| | - Adamu Yunusa
- Usmanu Dan Fodio University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sokoto 840101, Nigeria; (Z.S.); (A.Y.)
| | - John Ikechukwu Ihedioha
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.C.U.); (J.I.I.); (S.V.O.S.)
| | - Balarabe Magaji Jahun
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria; (A.M.W.); (A.K.B.S.); (B.M.J.)
| | - Sunday O. Udegbunam
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.); (T.O.); (S.O.U.)
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Kanashiro GP, Lima CMS, Nicácio IPGA, Nicácio GM, Brinholi RB, Cassu RN. Maternal and neonatal effects of epidural levobupivacaine combined with fentanyl or sufentanil for elective cesarean-section in brachycephalic breeds. Top Companion Anim Med 2024; 60:100873. [PMID: 38616021 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the safety and clinical efficacy of epidural levobupivacaine combined with fentanyl or sufentanil for bitches undergoing elective cesarean-section and the impact of these anesthetic protocols on neonatal viability. The anesthetic protocol consisted of intramuscular morphine (0.2 mg/kg), followed by an intravenous bolus of propofol, in a dose sufficient to allowed the puncture of the lumbosacral space. The dogs were randomly allocated to receive 0.5 % levobupivacaine plus fentanyl (2.5 µg/kg; LF: n = 9) or sufentanil (1 µg/kg; LS; n = 11). Maternal cardiorespiratory parameters were monitored at specific time points during surgery. Intraoperative propofol supplementation was based on the presence of head and/or thoracic limb movements. Neonatal reflex responses and the Apgar score (range 0-10 points) were assessed at 5 and 60 minutes after birth. Puppy mortality rate was recorded until 24 hours after birth. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Fisher's exact test (P < 0.05). Intraoperatively, maternal cardiorespiratory variables and propofol requirements were similar between groups, with no detection of anesthetic complications. The puppy reflex responses did not differ between groups at any time point. The medians (range) of Apgar scores were lower (P = 0.016) in the LF [5 (1-9)] at 5 minutes in comparison with LS [6 (2-9)], while no intergroup differences were recorded at 60 minutes [LF = 8 (2-10); LS = 9 (6-10]. The total mortality rate was 4.1 %. In the LS group, no puppies died, while in the LF 8 % of the puppies died in the first 24 hours after birth (P = 0.11). Epidural levobupivacaine combined with fentanyl or sufentanil provided minimal maternal and neonatal adverse effects, but neither protocol enabled the performance of a C-section in 100 % of the French and English bulldogs, without propofol supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia P Kanashiro
- Departament of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila M S Lima
- Departament of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela P G A Nicácio
- Departament of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M Nicácio
- Departament of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane B Brinholi
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste) Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata N Cassu
- Departament of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
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de Matos Dantas F, de Souza YM, Santana TM, dos Santos DKM, da Fonseca FAL, Gonçalves LU. A Sustainable Diet for Tambaqui Farming in the Amazon: Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Whole-Body Composition and Fillet Color. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1165. [PMID: 38672312 PMCID: PMC11047304 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to produce feed based on locally sourced ingredients for tambaqui farming in Amazon. Diets were formulated with increasing levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of defatted black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFL) as a replacement for fish meal (FM), and cassava by-products in the same proportion (tuber residues, peel and leaves). A conventional diet (CO) was used as the control. Juvenile tambaqui (24.61 ± 1.14 g) were housed in 24 tanks in a recirculation aquaculture system. Neither diet rejection nor mortality were observed. Fish fed cassava by-products showed similar feed conversion rates (FCR 1.76); however, these values were worse than those observed in fish fed the CO (FCR 1.33). No differences were observed in the whole-body composition of the fish. The fillets of fish fed cassava by-products had a yellow color due the carotenoids present in the leaves. Dietary BSFL and cassava by-products can contribute to the sustainability of Amazonian aquaculture. Further studies with a lower proportion of cassava leaves in the diet formulation are recommended so as to ensure enhanced diet digestibility and less impact on the color of the fillets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco de Matos Dantas
- Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science and Fishing Resources—PPGCARP, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-055, AM, Brazil; (F.d.M.D.); (T.M.S.)
| | - Yasmin Moreira de Souza
- Agricultural Sciences College, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-055, AM, Brazil;
| | - Thiago Macedo Santana
- Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science and Fishing Resources—PPGCARP, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-055, AM, Brazil; (F.d.M.D.); (T.M.S.)
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Ferreira J, da Silva EA, Silveira RMF, de Sousa JER, da Costa RLD, McManus CM, Façanha DAE. Assessment of the adaptive capacity of Morada Nova ewes with different coat coloration. Int J Biometeorol 2024:10.1007/s00484-024-02676-8. [PMID: 38602551 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Coat color is a factor affecting heat tolerance in tropical ruminant and a particular coat color can determine which is more resilient to environmental changes. The aim of this study was to measure the level of adaptation of Morada Nova sheep with different coat color by using an Adaptability Index (AI). Adult ewes were used, including two different coat colors of Morada Nova sheep (red and white) with mean of body weight of 28.02 ± 5.70 kg and 31.47 ± 3.41 kg, respectively. Physiology parameters, hematology, electrolytes, acid-base status, mineral, renal functions, metabolites, enzymes, and proteins were measured. AI was designed using a multivariate approach (principal component analysis) to "weigh" the influence of each variable in the animal responses. The variables more important for adaptive aspects of Red Morada Nova were: haematology, electrolytes and acid-base status. The hemoglobin (HG), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), sodium (Na+), oxygen pressure (PO2), glucose (GLU) and albumin (ALB) were significantly higher in Red Morada Nova sheep and hydrogen carbonate (HCO3), base excess (BE), total carbon dioxide concentration (TCO2) and URE were significantly higher in the white phenotype. The variables more important for adaptive aspects of White Morada Nova sheep were: (K+), total protein (TP), PO2, HG, cholesterol (CHO), rectal temperature (RT) and glucose (GLU). Both phenotypes showed a high adaptation level, however, a higher value was generated for the Red Morada Nova sheep (81.97). This study concludes that both phenotypes of the Morada Nova sheep breed are well adapted to the climatic condition of the Brazilian tropical region using different adaptive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiel Ferreira
- Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Zootecnia Diversificada, Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP, 13380-011, Brazil.
| | - Elisomar André da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Robson Mateus Freitas Silveira
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418900, Brazil
| | - José Ernandes Rufino de Sousa
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Lopes Dias da Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Zootecnia Diversificada, Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP, 13380-011, Brazil
| | - Concepta Margaret McManus
- Rural Development Institute, University of the International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony (UNILAB), Redenção, CE, 62790-790, Brazil
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49
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Fotouh A, Shosha EAEM, Zanaty AM, Darwesh MM. Immunopathological investigation and genetic evolution of Avian leukosis virus Subgroup-J associated with myelocytomatosis in broiler flocks in Egypt. Virol J 2024; 21:83. [PMID: 38600532 PMCID: PMC11005230 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avian leukosis virus Subgroup-J (ALV-J) is a rapidly oncogenic evolving retrovirus infecting a variety of avian species; causing severe economic losses to the local poultry industry. METHODS To investigate ALV-J, a total of 117 blood samples and 57 tissue specimens of different organs were collected for virological, and pathological identification, serological examinations, molecular characterization, and sequencing analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed report recorded in broiler flocks in Egypt. The present study targets the prevalence of a viral tumor disease circulating in broiler flocks in the El-Sharqia, El-Dakahliya, and Al-Qalyubiyya Egyptian governorates from 2021 to 2023 using different diagnostic techniques besides ALV-J gp85 genetic diversity determination. RESULT We first isolated ALV-J on chicken embryo rough cell culture; showing aggregation, rounding, and degeneration. Concerning egg inoculation, embryonic death, stunting, and curling were observed. Only 79 serum samples were positive for ALV-J (67.52%) based on the ELISA test. Histopathological investigation showed tumors consist of uniform masses, usually well-differentiated myelocytes, lymphoid cells, or both in the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the myelocytomatosis-positive signals were in the spleen, liver, and kidney. The PCR assay of ALV-J gp85 confirmed 545 base pairs with only 43 positive samples (75.4%). Two positive samples were sequenced and submitted to the Genbank with accession numbers (OR509852-OR509853). Phylogenetic analysis based on the gp85 gene showed that the ALV-J Dakahlia-2 isolate is genetically related to ALV-EGY/YA 2021.3, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.4, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.14, and ALV-EGY/YA 2021.9 with amino acid identity percentage 96%, 97%; 96%, 96%; respectively. Furthermore, ALV-J Sharqia-1 isolate is highly genetically correlated to ALV-EGY/YA 2021.14, and ALV-EGY/YA 2021.9, ALV-J isolate QL1, ALV-J isolate QL4, ALV-J isolate QL3, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.4 with amino acid identity percentage 97%, 97%; 98%, 97%, 97%, 95%; respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that ALV-J infection had still been prevalent in broilers in Egypt, and the genetic characteristics of the isolates are diverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fotouh
- Pathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Kharga, Egypt
| | | | - Ali Mahmood Zanaty
- Gene Analysis Unit, Reference Laboratory for Quality Control on Poultry, Animal Health Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mostafa Darwesh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qaluiobiya, Egypt
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50
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Ebert MB, Narciso RB, Vieira Dias DHM, Osaki-Pereira MM, Jorge M, de León GPP, da Silva RJ. Parasites (Monogenea) of tilapias Oreochromis niloticus and Coptodon rendalli (Cichlidae) in a river spring in Brazil. Parasite 2024; 31:22. [PMID: 38602374 PMCID: PMC11008226 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2024021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined 30 individuals of introduced African cichlids, Oreochromis niloticus and Coptodon rendalli, collected in a river spring of the Pardo River, Paranapanema River basin, southeastern Brazil. Based on morphological and molecular analyses of the partial LSU rDNA gene, we identified four species of monogeneans, Cichlidogyrus tilapiae, C. thurstonae, C. mbirizei, and Scutogyrus longicornis on the gills of O. niloticus, whereas individuals of C. rendalli were infested only with C. papernastrema. This is the first record of C. mbirizei and C. papernastrema in tilapias from Brazil. The ecological consequences of the introduction of exotic species of tilapia such as O. niloticus and C. rendalli along with their monogenean parasites in a wild environment represented by a river spring are discussed. Our new molecular data on Cichlidogyrus and Scutogyrus contribute to the investigation of the phylogenetic interrelationships of these widely distributed genera of monogeneans since their species composition is still unsettled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bertholdi Ebert
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biodiversity and Biostatistics, Section of Parasitology Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Bravin Narciso
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biodiversity and Biostatistics, Section of Parasitology Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - Diego Henrique Mirandola Vieira Dias
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biodiversity and Biostatistics, Section of Parasitology Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - Melissa Miyuki Osaki-Pereira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biodiversity and Biostatistics, Section of Parasitology Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - Maurício Jorge
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biodiversity and Biostatistics, Section of Parasitology Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 97357 Ucú Yucatán Mexico
| | - Reinaldo José da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biodiversity and Biostatistics, Section of Parasitology Botucatu SP Brazil
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