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Polcin DL, Nayak MB, Korcha R, Pugh S, Witbrodt J, Salinardi M, Galloway G, Nelson E. Heavy Drinking among Women Receiving Intensive Motivational Interviewing: 6-Month Outcomes. J Psychoactive Drugs 2019; 51:421-430. [PMID: 31327306 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2019.1634302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Compared to men, women with alcohol use disorders experience more severe consequences related to drinking. Intensive Motivational Interviewing (IMI) is a new 9-session version of Motivational Interviewing (MI) designed for women with alcohol use disorders. The current study reports outcomes from a randomized clinical trial of IMI compared to a single session of MI. Data were collected at baseline, 2-month, and 6-month follow-up. In addition to a standard "intent-to-treat" (ITT) analysis, we conducted disaggregated subgroup analyses of women who were heavy drinkers and a "per protocol" (PP) analysis of women in the IMI condition who attended 7-9 sessions (80% of the IMI sample). Women in both study conditions made large reductions in drinking between baseline and 2 months that were maintained at 6 months. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models using the full sample (N = 215) did not show time by condition differences, but heavy drinkers(n = 153) receiving IMI showed significantly larger reductions in drinking at 2- and 6-month follow-up than the comparison condition. Assessment of heavy drinkers using the PP sample showed larger between condition differences favoring IMI at both follow-up time points. Results support the efficacy of IMI in terms of reducing drinking, particularly among women who are heavy drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas L Polcin
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Lafayette, CA, USA
| | - Madhabika B Nayak
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Rachael Korcha
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Lafayette, CA, USA
| | - Sheila Pugh
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Lafayette, CA, USA
| | - Jane Witbrodt
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Salinardi
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Lafayette, CA, USA
| | | | - Emily Nelson
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Lafayette, CA, USA
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452
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Luoto S, Krams I, Rantala MJ. A Life History Approach to the Female Sexual Orientation Spectrum: Evolution, Development, Causal Mechanisms, and Health. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2019; 48:1273-1308. [PMID: 30229521 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Women's capacity for sexual fluidity is at least as interesting a phenomenon from the point of view of evolutionary biology and behavioral endocrinology as exclusively homosexual orientation. Evolutionary hypotheses for female nonheterosexuality have failed to fully account for the existence of these different categories of nonheterosexual women, while also overlooking broader data on the causal mechanisms, physiology, ontogeny, and phylogeny of female nonheterosexuality. We review the evolutionary-developmental origins of various phenotypes in the female sexual orientation spectrum using the synergistic approach of Tinbergen's four questions. We also present femme-specific and butch-specific hypotheses at proximate and ultimate levels of analysis. This review article indicates that various nonheterosexual female phenotypes emerge from and contribute to hormonally mediated fast life history strategies. Life history theory provides a biobehavioral explanatory framework for nonheterosexual women's masculinized body morphology, psychological dispositions, and their elevated likelihood of experiencing violence, substance use, obesity, teenage pregnancy, and lower general health. This pattern of life outcomes can create a feedback loop of environmental unpredictability and harshness which destabilizes intrauterine hormonal conditions in mothers, leading to a greater likelihood of fast life history strategies, global health problems, and nonheterosexual preferences in female offspring. We further explore the potential of female nonheterosexuality to function as an alloparental buffer that enables masculinizing alleles to execute their characteristic fast life history strategies as they appear in the female and the male phenotype. Synthesizing life history theory with the female sexual orientation spectrum enriches existing scientific knowledge on the evolutionary-developmental mechanisms of human sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severi Luoto
- English, Drama and Writing Studies, University of Auckland, Arts 1, Building 206, Room 616, 14A Symonds St., Auckland, 1010, New Zealand.
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Indrikis Krams
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Markus J Rantala
- Department of Biology & Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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453
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Quadir SG, Cottone P, Sabino V. Role of Sigma Receptors in Alcohol Addiction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:687. [PMID: 31258483 PMCID: PMC6586921 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) are few in number and often ineffective, despite the significant research carried out so far to better comprehend the neurochemical underpinnings of the disease. Hence, research has been directed towards the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of AUD. In the last decade, the sigma receptor system has been proposed as a potential mediator of alcohol reward and reinforcement. Preclinical studies have shown that the motivational effects of alcohol and excessive ethanol consumption involve the recruitment of the sigma receptor system. Furthermore, sigma receptor antagonism has been shown to be sufficient to inhibit many behaviors related to AUDs. This paper will review the most current evidence in support of this receptor system as a potential target for the development of pharmacological agents for the treatment of alcohol addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema G Quadir
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pietro Cottone
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Valentina Sabino
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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454
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Kim SY, Jung HK, Lim J, Kim TO, Choe AR, Tae CH, Shim KN, Moon CM, Kim SE, Jung SA. Gender Specific Differences in Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e158. [PMID: 31144481 PMCID: PMC6543060 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender-related factors might play an important role in the development of reflux esophagitis (RE) and symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for RE and symptomatic GERD and determine whether gender specific differences exist. METHODS This study was conducted on a health cohort consisting of 10,158 participants who underwent comprehensive health screening. Lifestyles and gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated using a self-reported structured questionnaire. Questionnaires about menstrual status were added for the women. RESULTS The prevalence of RE in men was significantly higher than that in women (10.6% vs. 2.0%, P < 0.001); however, symptomatic GERD showed predominance in women (6.2% vs. 2.5%, P < 0.001). Although the prevalence of RE gradually increased with the duration of menopause stratified by decade (P = 0.007), that of symptomatic GERD rapidly increased across the menopausal transit in women. Apart from common risk factors of obesity and current smoking for RE, over 70 years of age in women and hiatal hernia and hypertriglyceridemia in men were significant risk factors. In symptomatic GERD, high somatization was a common risk factor. Excessive alcohol drinking was a significant risk factor in men, but not in women. CONCLUSION This study showed a predominance of RE in men, but a predominance of symptomatic GERD in women. In women, dynamic increase in the prevalence of GERD is closely related to the menopause conditions and its duration. There are specific risk factors for RE and symptomatic GERD according to gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jiyoung Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Oh Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - A Reum Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung Hyun Tae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Nam Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Mo Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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455
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Hutton HE, Lesko CR, Li X, Thompson CB, Lau B, Napravnik S, Mayer KH, Mathews WC, McCaul ME, Crane HM, Fredericksen RJ, Cropsey KL, Saag M, Christopoulos K, Chander G. Alcohol Use Patterns and Subsequent Sexual Behaviors Among Women, Men who have Sex with Men and Men who have Sex with Women Engaged in Routine HIV Care in the United States. AIDS Behav 2019; 23:1634-1646. [PMID: 30443807 PMCID: PMC6830881 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Among people with HIV, alcohol use is associated with increased prevalence of sexual transmission behaviors. We examined associations between alcohol use in the prior year and sexual behaviors approximately six months later among 1857 women, 6752 men who have sex with men (MSM) and 2685 men who have sex with women (MSW). Any alcohol use was associated with increased risk of unsafe vaginal sex among women; anal sex and =>2 anal sex partners among MSM; and anal sex, =>2 anal or vaginal sex partners, and unsafe vaginal sex among MSW. In particular, among women >7 alcoholic drinks/week and among MSW =>5 alcoholic drinks/drinking day increased the likelihood of certain subsequent sexual behaviors. For all groups, especially women, the risk of sex under the influence of drugs/alcohol markedly increased with increases in quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption. These different patterns of drinking and sexual behaviors indicate the importance of tailored counseling messages to women, MSM and MSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi E Hutton
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Meyer 3-147, 600 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Catherine R Lesko
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ximin Li
- Biostatics Center, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Carol B Thompson
- Biostatics Center, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Bryan Lau
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sonia Napravnik
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kenneth H Mayer
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | - Mary E McCaul
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Heidi M Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - Rob J Fredericksen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - Karen L Cropsey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, USA
| | - Michael Saag
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, USA
| | - Katerina Christopoulos
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA
| | - Geetanjali Chander
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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456
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Legaz I, Navarro Noguera E, Bolarín JM, Campillo JA, Moya R, Luna A, Miras M, Minguela A, Álvarez-López MR, Muro M. Patient Sex in the Setting of Liver Transplant in Alcoholic Liver Disease. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2019; 17:355-362. [DOI: 10.6002/ect.2017.0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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457
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Xie Q, Buck LA, Bryant KG, Barker JM. Sex Differences in Ethanol Reward Seeking Under Conflict in Mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1556-1566. [PMID: 31034618 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorders are characterized by inflexible alcohol seeking that occurs despite adverse consequences. Males and females are differentially sensitive to ethanol (EtOH) reward, but it is unclear whether sex differences in EtOH seeking under reward-aversion conflict are present. METHODS To investigate sex differences in EtOH seeking under conflict, adult male and female C57BL/6J mice underwent chronic intermittent EtOH (CIE) exposure by vapor inhalation or served as air-exposed controls. After CIE, mice were trained in a modified EtOH conditioned place preference paradigm. During 3 conditioning sessions, 2 g/kg EtOH was administered prior to confinement in the "EtOH-paired" chamber. On alternating days, saline was injected prior to confinement in the "saline-paired" chamber. After conditioning, mice experienced a footshock in the EtOH-paired chamber. EtOH-seeking behavior was assessed before and after footshock. RESULTS Control and CIE-exposed males reduced the time spent in and increased latency to enter the reward-paired chamber following footshock. Control females did not alter EtOH-seeking behavior following footshock. CIE-exposed females spent more time in the EtOH-paired chamber at baseline. However, following a footshock, CIE-exposed females significantly reduced the time spent in and increased latency to enter the EtOH-paired chamber. CONCLUSIONS Nondependent female mice exhibited aversion-resistant alcohol seeking to a greater degree than males. Chronic EtOH exposure did not impact EtOH seeking in males. In females, CIE enhanced EtOH seeking in the absence of conflict, but reduced EtOH seeking after an aversive experience. While these sex-specific effects of CIE are not present when reward seeking is assessed in the absence of an aversive experience, multiple factors may underlie the differences in reward seeking despite adverse consequences, including reward- and aversion-related learning and decision making under conflict. These data highlight the importance of considering sex as a variable influencing EtOH seeking and provide a greater understanding of how sex interacts with EtOH exposure to alter behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaowei Xie
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren A Buck
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathleen G Bryant
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline M Barker
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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458
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Jeong JE, Joo SH, Hahn C, Kim DJ, Kim TS. Gender-Specific Association between Alcohol Consumption and Stress Perception, Depressed Mood, and Suicidal Ideation: The 2010-2015 KNHANES. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:386-396. [PMID: 31132843 PMCID: PMC6539269 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.02.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol drinking can cause various psychiatric and medical diseases. Although women generally consume less alcohol than men, they may be at a greater risk for alcohol-related psychological distress. The aim of the current study is to evaluate whether the association between alcohol consumption and psychological distress, including stress, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation and the risks of psychological distress differ based on gender. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 31,657 participants (17,915 women and 13,742 men) from the 2010-2013 and 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Alcohol drinking and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) levels were assessed for evaluating the amount of alcohol intake and alcohol-related problems. Self-perception of stress, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation were assessed for evaluating psychological distress. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for psychological distress were calculated using multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS The risks of psychological distress were not significantly associated with drinking level in both sexes. However, the risks of psychological distress were associated with an increase in AUDIT levels, and there were gender differences in the psychological consequences of alcohol-related problems. The association was more drastic in women, and women showed a significant association even though the severity of drinking problem was low with the exception of stress perception. CONCLUSION The risks of psychological distress were associated with the severity of alcohol-related problems and women were more likely to be susceptible. Therefore, it is recommended that women even at low-risk for problematic drinking should be screened for psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Eun Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Joo
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changtae Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Suk Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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459
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Boreham M, Marlow S, Gilchrist G. "..that warm feeling that [alcohol] gave me was what I interpreted love would feel like.." Lived experience of excessive alcohol use and care proceedings by mothers in the family justice system in the UK. Addict Behav 2019; 92:186-193. [PMID: 30654324 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When mothers who have been identified as using alcohol excessively appear in child care proceedings seeking to retain care of, or be reunited with, their children, family courts primarily focus on whether those mothers can make lasting changes to their use of alcohol, very often requiring them to achieve abstinence. The aim of this study was to advance the evidence base around how such mothers make sense of their alcohol use, and their position as mothers, in the systems and processes around care proceedings. METHODS Qualitative, face-to-face interviews were carried out at various children and families' services locations across the UK. These yielded in-depth accounts, to which Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was applied. RESULTS Six mothers were recruited from collaborations with 31 local authorities. Themes relating to alcohol use included relationships in childhood, repeated traumatic events, and the use of alcohol to self-manage these. In response to extreme fear arising from violence in their relationships with older men, alcohol provided the means to function. Escalation of alcohol use in participants' lives was accompanied by greater isolation, alongside shameful feelings about being a "drunk", which were barriers to help-seeking. Themes relating to motherhood in the context of care proceedings included wanting to change behaviour for themselves and their children, being excluded from their children's lives, and experiencing a continual requirement to prove their parenting and their abstinence from alcohol. Language used by social services, the courts and alcohol treatment services, placed mothers in conflicting positions of being in recovery, but having to present as recovered. CONCLUSION Despite excessive alcohol misuse in mothers being closely enmeshed with other issues, awareness and understanding of factors such as complex trauma, and how to support mothers with these factors, is limited, and should be considered in terms of improving research and best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Boreham
- National Addiction Centre, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London SE5 8BB, UK.; Pause Hackney, Hackney Service Centre, 1 Hillman Street, London E8 1DY, UK
| | - Sally Marlow
- National Addiction Centre, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London SE5 8BB, UK.; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction Centre, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London SE5 8BB, UK
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460
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Analysis of the alcohol drinking behavior and influencing factors among emerging adults and young adults: a cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:458. [PMID: 31039783 PMCID: PMC6492408 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between alcohol use in adolescents and young adults and outcomes has not been widely researched in China. The aim of the current study was to understand the current status of drinking behavior of Chinese youth transitioning into adulthood. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 1634 participants between 18 and 34 years of age. The participants were randomly chosen from 13 administrative districts in Wuhan, and invited to complete a questionnaire. Univariate analysis was performed to describe the demographic distribution of alcohol consumption and the association with drinking status. Stepwise Logistic regression analysis was undertaken analyzing the factors influencing the drinking behaviors. The data were weighted to the population in Wuhan and analyzed using SAS version 9.3. RESULTS For our sample of emerging and young Chinese adults the prevalence of drinking alcohol was 45.84%. The non-drinkers predominated, accounting for 54.16% and light drinkers accounted for 42.94%, while moderate and heavy drinkers were in the minority (2.90%). The earlier the age of first alcohol drinking or the age of first being intoxicated, the greater the likelihood of being a moderate or heavy drinker. People with high emerging adulthood were more likely to have moderate or heavy drinking behaviors. The logistic regression analysis indicated that heavy drinkers were more likely to not be married and to be classified as high emerging adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that the drinking pattern should be further evaluated over time to explore the ways in which social and cultural factors shape the drinking route of this age group. Effective drinking behavior prevention and interventions and appropriate guidance should be formulated to establish an appropriate attitude towards drinking alcohol and develop a drinking behavior which is conducive to physical and mental health between this particular demographic.
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461
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Sawyer KS, Maleki N, Urban T, Marinkovic K, Karson S, Ruiz SM, Harris GJ, Oscar-Berman M. Alcoholism gender differences in brain responsivity to emotional stimuli. eLife 2019; 8:e41723. [PMID: 31038125 PMCID: PMC6491039 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Men and women may use alcohol to regulate emotions differently, with corresponding differences in neural responses. We explored how the viewing of different types of emotionally salient stimuli impacted brain activity observed through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) from 42 long-term abstinent alcoholic (25 women) and 46 nonalcoholic (24 women) participants. Analyses revealed blunted brain responsivity in alcoholic compared to nonalcoholic groups, as well as gender differences in those activation patterns. Brain activation in alcoholic men (ALCM) was significantly lower than in nonalcoholic men (NCM) in regions including rostral middle and superior frontal cortex, precentral gyrus, and inferior parietal cortex, whereas activation was higher in alcoholic women (ALCW) than in nonalcoholic women (NCW) in superior frontal and supramarginal cortical regions. The reduced brain reactivity of ALCM, and increases for ALCW, highlighted divergent brain regions and gender effects, suggesting possible differences in the underlying basis for development of alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayle S Sawyer
- Psychology Research ServiceVA Healthcare SystemBostonUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
- Sawyer Scientific, LLCBostonUnited States
| | - Nasim Maleki
- Psychology Research ServiceVA Healthcare SystemBostonUnited States
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Trinity Urban
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Ksenija Marinkovic
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoUnited States
| | - Steven Karson
- Department of Computer ScienceDartmouth CollegeHanoverUnited States
| | - Susan M Ruiz
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
| | - Gordon J Harris
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
- 3D Imaging ServiceMassachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Marlene Oscar-Berman
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- Department of PsychiatryBoston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
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462
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Taylor AW, Bewick BM, Ling Q, Kirzhanova VV, Alterwain P, Dal Grande E, Tucker G, Makanjuola AB. Clusters of alcohol abstainers and drinkers incorporating motives against drinking: a random survey of 18 to 30 year olds in four cities in four different continents. AIMS Public Health 2019; 6:15-33. [PMID: 30931340 PMCID: PMC6433617 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2019.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this analysis was to identify alcohol consumption clusters for adolescents and early adults according to attitudes to drinking, motivations against drinking and perceptions associated with alcohol. Method Interviews were undertaken with people aged 18–34 years old living in four cities in different regions of the world. Multistage random sampling was consistent across the four cities (Ilorin (Nigeria), Wuhan (China), Montevideo (Uruguay) and Moscow (Russia)). The questionnaire was forward and back translated into relevant languages and face-to-face interviewing undertaken. The data were weighted to the population of each city. In total 6235 structured interviews were undertaken (1391 in Ilorin, 1600 in Montevideo, 1604 in Moscow and 1640 in Wuhan). Questions regarding motivation against alcohol consumption (14 items), assessing perceptions (3 items) and attitudes to drinking in certain situations (8 items) were asked of all respondents including abstainers. Factor analysis was initially undertaken to identify highly related correlated variables. Results Cluster analysis provided a variety of clusters (Ilorin (3 clusters), Montevideo (5), Moscow (4) and Wuhan (4)). At least one cluster in each city was dominated by abstainers and another by heavy episodic drinkers. Variations by city and alcohol consumption patterns existed in regards to variables included. Conclusion This analysis detailed the city specific motivations against drinking alcohol, and the attitudes towards alcohol consumption. Differences highlight the influence of country/city specific culture, customs, laws, societal norms and traditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne W Taylor
- Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Qing Ling
- Center for Health Education, PR Ministry of Health, China
| | - Valentina V Kirzhanova
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Russia
| | | | - Eleonora Dal Grande
- Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Graeme Tucker
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alfred B Makanjuola
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin-Nigeria
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Contractor AA, Weiss NH, Dixon-Gordon KL, Blumenthal H. Heterogeneity in the Co-occurrence of Substance Use and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Latent Class Analysis Approach. J Dual Diagn 2019; 15:105-117. [PMID: 30838935 PMCID: PMC6541508 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2019.1572258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often co-occurs with substance use (SU). Although there has been independent research on subgroups of participants based on their PTSD or SU responses, rarely are PTSD-SU typologies examined consistent with a precision medicine approach (and corresponding person-centered statistical approaches). The current study examined the nature and construct validity (covariates of depression, physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, hostility, reckless and self-destructive behaviors [RSDB]) of the best-fitting latent class solution in categorizing participants based on PTSD (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5) and alcohol/drug use responses (Alcohol Use and Disorders Identification Test Alcohol Consumption Questions, Drug Abuse Screening Test). Methods: The sample included 375 trauma-exposed participants recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk online labor market. Results: Latent class analyses indicated an optimal three-class solution (low PTSD/SU, moderate PTSD/drug and high alcohol, and high PTSD/SU). Multinomial logistic regressions indicated that depression (OR = 1.22) and frequency of RSDBs (OR = 1.20) were significant predictors of the moderate PTSD/drug and high alcohol class versus the low PTSD/SU class. Depression (OR = 1.55) and frequency of RSDBs (OR = 1.19) were significant predictors of the high PTSD/SU class versus the low PTSD/SU class. Only depression (OR = 1.27) was a significant predictor of the high PTSD/SU class versus the moderate PTSD/drug and high alcohol class. Conclusions: Results provide construct validity support for three meaningful latent classes with unique relations with depression and RSDBs. These findings improve our understanding of heterogeneous PTSD-SU comorbidity patterns and highlight acknowledgment of such subtyping (subgrouping) in considering differential treatment options, treatment effectiveness, and resource allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ateka A Contractor
- a Department of Psychology , University of North Texas , Denton , TX , USA
| | - Nicole H Weiss
- b Department of Psychology , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | - Katherine L Dixon-Gordon
- c Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA
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464
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Correlations between sex-related hormones, alcohol dependence and alcohol craving. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 197:183-190. [PMID: 30840924 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-related differences in the susceptibility, progression, and treatment response in alcohol-dependent subjects have been repeatedly reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations of the sex-related hormone/protein levels with alcohol dependence (AD) and alcohol craving in male and female subjects. METHODS Plasma sex-related hormones (estradiol, estrone, total testosterone, progesterone, follicle stimulated hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone), and sex hormone binding globulin were measured by mass spectrometry or automated immunoassays from 44 recently-abstained subjects (29 males and 15 females; mean age = 45.9 ± 15.6) meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for AD and 44 age-, sex- and race-matched non-AD controls. Conditional logistic regression was conducted to examine the association of sex-related hormone and protein levels with AD risk, accounting for matching variables. Their associations with alcohol craving scales (Penn Alcohol Craving Scale and Inventory of Drug-Taking Situations) were assessed in AD subjects. RESULTS Plasma FSH level was significantly higher in AD males (10.3 ± 9.8 IU/L) than control males (8.0 ± 15.9 IU/L; p = 0.005, pcorrected = 0.035). We also found a significant inverse correlation of FSH level with propensity to drink in negative emotional situations (Spearman's rho=-.540; p = 0.021) and positive correlations between progesterone level and craving intensity (Spearman's rho=.464; p = 0.020) and between total testosterone level and propensity to drink under temptations (adjusted for no-drinking days; β=6.496; p = 0.041) in AD males. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that FSH, progesterone, and testosterone levels may be associated with AD and alcohol craving in AD males. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and investigate the underlying biological mechanisms.
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465
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Park JA, Suh MJ. Hazardous Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Hearing Impairment in Adults Based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey: A Retrospective Study. J Audiol Otol 2019; 23:63-68. [PMID: 30727720 PMCID: PMC6468280 DOI: 10.7874/jao.2018.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between hearing impairment and alcohol drinking patterns in South Korean adults. SUBJECT AND METHODS Data collection was performed by Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey from January 1 to December 31, 2012. Data analyses were performed from February 20 to March 3, 2018. Data from 3,860 adults 20 years of age or older without a history of malignancy or chronic otitis media in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 database who participated in the health questionnaires, and who had available results from otologic examinations that included pure tone audiogram, were included. Pure-tone average hearing thresholds were calculated at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz. Hearing loss was defined as a pure-tone average >40 dB in one or both ears. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to evaluate drinking statuses of subjects. Data were analyzed using the complex-sample χ2 -test of independence and a complex-sample logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 29,954,319 individuals in the weighted cross-sectional study population, 15,106,040 (50.4%) were men and 14,848,098 (49.6%) were women. A total of 8.1% of men and 7% of women had hearing impairment. The degrees of drinking with appropriate, risky, and hazardous drinking habits were 58.2, 32.1, and 9.7% among men; and 76.4, 12.5, and 11.1% among women, respectively. Among men, the odds ratio of hearing loss increased by 2.506 times when comparing hazardous and appropriate drinking (confidence interval, 1.083 to 5.800, p=0.002). Moderate alcohol consumption (≤2 drinks per day) was not protective for hearing in either group. CONCLUSIONS As hazardous drinking tends to coexist with hearing impairment in men, appropriate prevention and intervention strategies should be emphasized. A longitudinal study to investigate harmful drinking and the mechanism of hearing loss should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-A Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Michelle J. Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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466
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McCaul ME, Roach D, Hasin DS, Weisner C, Chang G, Sinha R. Alcohol and Women: A Brief Overview. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:774-779. [PMID: 30779446 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E McCaul
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Deidra Roach
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , Rockville, Maryland
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI) , Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Grace Chang
- Department of Psychiatry , Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Child Study , Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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467
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Zale EL, LaRowe LR, Boissoneault J, Maisto SA, Ditre JW. Gender differences in associations between pain-related anxiety and alcohol use among adults with chronic pain. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2019; 45:479-487. [PMID: 30864852 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1578968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Over 100 million Americans live with chronic pain, and adults with chronic pain may be more likely to experience alcohol-related problems or Alcohol Use Disorder. An evolving conceptual model posits that bidirectional effects between pain and alcohol exacerbate both pain and drinking. Pain has been shown to motivate alcohol urge and consumption, and drinking for pain-coping predicts escalations in alcohol use over time. Pain-related anxiety is a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor that has been implicated in both pain and substance-related (i.e., tobacco, opioids, cannabis) outcomes, but has not yet been studied in relation to alcohol use. Objective: We sought to conduct the first test of cross-sectional associations between pain-related anxiety, gender, and alcohol use. Methods: Adults with chronic pain (N = 234; Mage = 29.54, 67% Female) self-reported pain-related anxiety, gender, and alcohol use (i.e., consumption frequency/quantity, alcohol-related consequences, and dependence symptoms measured with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; AUDIT). Hierarchical regression and conditional effects models were used to test associations between pain-related anxiety, gender, and alcohol use. Results: Pain-related anxiety was positively associated with alcohol-related consequences and alcohol dependence symptoms measured by the AUDIT among males, but not females. Pain-related anxiety was not associated with the frequency/quantity of alcohol consumption in our sample. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with prior research, which has demonstrated associations between pain-related anxiety and deleterious substance use outcomes. Results provide initial evidence that pain-related anxiety may be a relevant factor to consider in the context of alcohol research and treatment among male drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Zale
- a Department of Psychology, Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Lisa R LaRowe
- b Department of Psychology, Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA
| | - Jeff Boissoneault
- c Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida , Gainsville , FL , USA
| | - Stephen A Maisto
- b Department of Psychology, Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA
| | - Joseph W Ditre
- b Department of Psychology, Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA
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468
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Kobayashi D, Hayashi H, Kuga H, Kuriyama N, Terasawa Y, Osugi Y, Takahashi O, Deshpande G, Kawachi I. Alcohol consumption behaviours in the immediate aftermath of earthquakes: time series study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026268. [PMID: 30850415 PMCID: PMC6429926 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Earthquakes are a distressing natural phenomenon that can disrupt normal health-related behaviours. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in alcohol consumption behaviours in the immediate aftermath of mild to moderate earthquakes. SETTING This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a large academic hospital in Tokyo, Japan from April 2004 to March 2017. PARTICIPANTS We included all adult patients presenting with acute alcohol intoxication in the emergency room. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Our outcome was the number of such patients per 24 hours period comparing days with and without earthquake activity. We mainly focused on mild to moderate earthquakes (Shindo scale of less than 3). We conducted a simple generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) analysis, followed by a multivariate GARCH, including year-fixed effects and secular changes in alcohol taxation. Subanalyses were conducted by gender and age group. RESULTS During the study period, 706 earthquakes were observed with a median Shindo scale of 2 (IQR: 1). During this period, 6395 patients were admitted with acute ethanol intoxication; the mean age was 42.6 (SD: 16.9) years and 4592 (71.8%) patients were male. In univariate analyses, the occurrence of daytime earthquakes was marginally inversely related to the number of acutely intoxicated patients (β coefficient: -0.19, 95% CI -0.40 to 0.01). This finding remained similar in multivariate analyses after adjustment for covariates. In analyses stratified by gender, the inverse association between daytime earthquakes and alcohol intoxication was only observed among men (p<0.03 for males and p=0.99 for females). In subanalyses by age, older people were less likely to be admitted to the hospital due to acute alcohol intoxication on days with daytime earthquakes (p=0.11), but this was not the case for younger people (p=0.36). CONCLUSION On days when a mild to moderate daytime earthquake occurred, the number of patients with acute alcohol intoxication was lower compared with days without earthquakes. Even milder forms of potentially catastrophic events appear to influence social behaviour; mild to moderate earthquake activity is associated with the avoidance of excessive alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hana Hayashi
- McCann Health, McCann Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Kuga
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nagato Kuriyama
- Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Osugi
- General Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | | | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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469
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Hwang M, Zhang HS, Park B. Association Between Health Behaviors and Family History of Cancer According to Sex in the General Population. Am J Prev Med 2019; 56:393-403. [PMID: 30642691 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Family history of cancer and modifiable risk factors are each associated with cancer development, but no studies have assessed their association with each other by sex. This study aimed to examine modifiable risk factors in individuals with a family history of cancer compared with those without a family history of cancer, according to sex. METHODS This study recruited 166,810 participants aged 40-79 years from Korea's Health Examinee Study cohort between 2004 and 2014. Results were calculated as AORs and 95% CIs to determine the relationship between family history of cancer in first-degree relatives and modifiable risk factors. Data analyses were performed in 2018. RESULTS The prevalence of modifiable cancer risk factors, including current smoking, drinking alcohol, physical inactivity, obesity, and abdominal obesity, were different according to the presence of a family history of cancer, cancer type of such a family history, and sex. Male participants with a family history of cancer were less likely to be current smokers or obese (AOR=0.95, 95% CI=0.91, 0.99 and AOR=0.95, 95% CI=0.92, 0.99, respectively) than those without a family history of cancer, whereas female participants with a family history of cancer were more likely to be current smokers but less likely to be physically inactive (AOR=1.13, 95% CI=1.03, 1.23 and AOR=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.98, respectively) than those without a family history of cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings suggest that, in general, males with a family history of cancer show better health behaviors, whereas females with a family history of cancer demonstrate worse health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Hwang
- Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Zhang
- Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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470
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Erol A, Ho AMC, Winham SJ, Karpyak VM. Sex hormones in alcohol consumption: a systematic review of evidence. Addict Biol 2019; 24:157-169. [PMID: 29280252 PMCID: PMC6585852 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Sex hormones play an important role in establishing sex‐distinctive brain structural and functional variations that could contribute to the sex differences in alcohol consumption behavior. Here, we systematically reviewed articles that studied sex hormone impacts on alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD). An extensive literature search conducted in MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL databases identified 776 articles, which were then evaluated for pre‐specified criteria for relevance and quality assurance. A total of 50 articles, including 19 human studies and 31 animal studies, were selected for this review. Existing evidence supports the association of increased testosterone level and increased risk for alcohol use and AUD in males but results are inconclusive in females. In contrast, the evidence supports the association of increased estrogen level and increased alcohol use in females, with mixed findings reported in males. Much less is known about the impact of progestins on alcohol use and misuse in human subjects. Future observational and experimental studies conducted in both sexes with a comprehensive hormone panel are needed to elucidate the impact of the interplay between various sex hormone levels during various developmental stages on alcohol use‐related phenotypes and AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almila Erol
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
- Department of Psychiatry; Ataturk Education and Research Hospital; Turkey
| | - Ada M.-C. Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Sciences Research; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - Victor M. Karpyak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
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471
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Bold KW, Zweben A, Fucito LM, Piepmeier ME, Muvvala S, Wu R, Gueorguieva R, O'Malley SS. Longitudinal Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial of Varenicline for Alcohol Use Disorder with Comorbid Cigarette Smoking. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:937-944. [PMID: 30817018 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is the first to examine longitudinal posttreatment outcomes of a placebo-controlled trial of varenicline for alcohol use disorder (AUD) with comorbid cigarette smoking. METHODS Participants were 131 adults (n = 39 female) seeking alcohol treatment in a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled, 16-week multisite trial of varenicline combined with medical management (MM). Timeline follow-back assessments of alcohol and smoking behavior were conducted at the end of treatment (4 months), with follow-ups at 6, 9, and 12 months. Outcomes were percentage of heavy drinking days (PHDD), percent of participants with no heavy drinking days (NHDD), cotinine-confirmed prolonged smoking abstinence (PA), and good clinical outcome on either NHDD or PA. RESULTS Treatment improvements were maintained posttreatment. For the sample overall, PHDD or NHDD did not differ significantly by treatment condition (ps > 0.13), but varenicline produced higher rates of PA versus placebo at 4, 9, and 12 months (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed by sex: Males had higher rates of NHDD with varenicline (28.9%) versus placebo (6.4%) at the end of treatment (p = 0.004), and these effects were maintained at 12 months (varenicline: 40.0% vs. placebo: 19.2%, p = 0.03). Higher rates of PA were seen for varenicline in both males (8.9%) and females (21.1%) versus placebo (males/females: 0%) at the end of treatment (p = 0.05), and this effect was maintained at 12 months for females (varenicline: 21.1% vs. placebo, 0.0%, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Varenicline treatment combined with MM appears to have enduring benefits for patients with co-occurring AUD and cigarette smoking, and these effects may differ by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysten W Bold
- Department of Psychiatry , Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Allen Zweben
- School of Social Work , Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Lisa M Fucito
- Department of Psychiatry , Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Srinivas Muvvala
- Department of Psychiatry , Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ran Wu
- Department of Psychiatry , Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ralitza Gueorguieva
- Department of Psychiatry , Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Biostatistics , Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
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472
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Karpyak VM, Geske JR, Hall-Flavin DK, Loukianova LL, Schneekloth TD, Skime MK, Seppala M, Dawson G, Frye MA, Choi DS, Biernacka JM. Sex-specific association of depressive disorder and transient emotional states with alcohol consumption in male and female alcoholics. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 196:31-39. [PMID: 30660937 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the impact of comorbid depression and anxiety disorders as well as positive and negative emotional states on alcohol consumption in alcohol dependent men and women. METHODS Per day alcohol consumption during 90 days before enrolment was assessed by the Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) in 287 men and 156 women meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for alcohol dependence. Propensity to drink in negative/positive emotional states was assessed using the Inventory of Drug Taking Situations (IDTS). Psychiatric comorbidities, including major depressive disorder (MDD), substance-induced depression (SID), anxiety disorders (AnxD), or substance-induced anxiety (SIA) were identified by Psychiatric Research Interview of Substance and Mood Disorders (PRISM). RESULTS In the combined group, increased number of drinks per day and number of heavy drinking days correlated with increased IDTS scores (all p < 0.0001), while the lifetime history of MDD was associated with fewer drinking days (p = 0.045) but not average number of drinks per day. Male sex was associated with higher alcohol consumption per day (p < 0.0001), but not with the number of drinking days (p > 0.05). Lifetime MDD history was associated with less drinking days (p = 0.0084) and less heavy drinking days (p = 0.021) in alcohol dependent men, while current MDD was associated with higher alcohol use per day in alcohol dependent women (p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that emotional states and lifetime MDD history have sex-specific impact on alcohol use in alcohol dependent men and women. The mechanisms underlying these findings and their relevance to treatment outcomes need to be examined in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Karpyak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Jennifer R Geske
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michelle K Skime
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - George Dawson
- Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation, Center City, MN, USA
| | - Mark A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joanna M Biernacka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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473
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Davis AK, Arterberry BJ, Schneeberger D, Bonar EE, Bauermeister JA, Young SD, Cunningham RM, Walton MA. Evaluation of the Dualistic Model of Passion for Alcohol Consumption among Emerging Adults Engaged in Risky Drinking. ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY 2019; 28:21-28. [PMID: 33041737 PMCID: PMC7539847 DOI: 10.1080/16066359.2019.1571192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding factors influencing risky drinking among emerging adults could enhance interventions to reduce adverse outcomes. As a motivational construct, the dualistic model of passion (i.e., obsessive passion: drinking is compelling and conflicts with other life activities/values; harmonious passion: drinking is an important, but not overwhelming, part of life) offers a novel explanation for persistent alcohol use. Yet, the dualistic model of passion has not yet been evaluated in this at-risk population. Therefore, we examined whether the variables proposed by the dualistic model of passion were associated with sex, binge-drinking, and alcohol-related consequences among young risky drinkers. We analyzed cross-sectional baseline data collected as part of an ongoing randomized controlled trial of emerging adults (n=327; M age=22.6, SD=1.1, range 21-24; 61% female; 76% White non-Hispanic) engaged in risky drinking (AUDIT-C score ≥ 4 females, ≥ 5 males) recruited nationally via social media advertisements. A path analysis revealed significant positive direct effects between obsessive passion and binge drinking and alcohol-related consequences, and significant negative direct effects between male sex and harmonious passion and binge drinking. There was also a positive direct effect between binge drinking and alcohol-related consequences. Male sex and obsessive passion were both indirectly related to alcohol-related consequences via binge drinking. Type of passion and male sex differentiates risky drinkers who binge drink and who experienced alcohol-related consequences. Future research should examine whether targeting obsessive passion reduces binge drinking and negative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan K Davis
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, 901 Stange Road, Ames, IA
| | | | - Diane Schneeberger
- University of Michigan Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Erin E Bonar
- University of Michigan Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - José A Bauermeister
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sean D Young
- University of California Institute for Prediction Technology, Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024
| | - Rebecca M Cunningham
- University of Michigan Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Maureen A Walton
- University of Michigan Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI
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474
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Ethanol-induced cognitive dysfunction is associated with alterations in the mammalian target of rapamycin signalling pathway in the hippocampus of male mice. Neuroreport 2019; 29:1230-1237. [PMID: 30063559 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of acute excessive administration of ethanol on the expression of proteins related to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in the mouse hippocampus and to reveal the possible molecular mechanism of learning and memory deficits induced by ethanol. A total of 120 8-week-old Kunming mice (half male and half female) were randomly assigned into low-dose, moderate-dose, and high-dose male and female groups with intragastric administration of 12.5, 25 and 50% ethanol, respectively, at the dosage of 0.1 ml/10 g·day for 14 days. The male and female control groups received an equal volume of distilled water. Then, the spatial learning and memory of the mice were evaluated by the Morris water maze task. The expression of p-mTOR, p-Akt, mTOR and Akt proteins was tested by western blotting and immunohistochemical staining methods in the hippocampal formation in each group, and haematoxylin-eosin stain was used to identify morphological changes in the hippocampal region. Our results indicated that 25 and 50% ethanol administration led to cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal pyramidal cell impairment in the female and male mice, with the male mice showing more severe impairment. In the 50% ethanol group, the male mice exhibited low expression levels of p-Akt and p-mTOR, but the female mice had no significant differences compared with the respective control group. Interestingly, the male expression levels of p-Akt and p-mTOR were significantly lower than those of females. Overall, these findings suggested that the cognitive deficits induced by ethanol are more serious in male mice than in female mice, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in the hippocampus might be involved in the impairment process.
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475
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Taylor AW, Bewick BM, Ling Q, Kirzhanova V, Alterwain P, Dal Grande E, Tucker G, Makanjuola AB. Assessing Heavy Episodic Drinking: A Random Survey of 18 to 34-Year-Olds in Four Cities in Four Different Continents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050706. [PMID: 30818783 PMCID: PMC6427135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Heavy episodic drinking (HED) can have health and social consequences. This study assesses the associations between HED and demographic, socioeconomic, motivation and effects indicators for people aged 18–34 years old living in four cities in different regions of the world. Method: Multistage random sampling was consistent across the four cities (Ilorin (Nigeria), Wuhan (China), Montevideo (Uruguay) and Moscow (Russia)). The questionnaire was forward/back translated and face-to-face interviewing was undertaken. A total of 6235 interviews were undertaken in 2014. Separate univariable and multivariable modelling was undertaken to determine the best predictors of HED. Results: HED prevalence was 9.0%. The best predictors differed for each city. The higher probability of HED in the final models included beliefs that they have reached adulthood, feeling relaxed as an effect of drinking alcohol, and forgetting problems as an effect of drinking alcohol. Lower probability of HED was associated with not being interested in alcohol as a reason for limiting alcohol, and the belief that drinking alcohol is too expensive or a waste of money. Conclusion: Although some indicators were common across the four cities, the variables included in the final models predominantly differed from city to city. The need for country-specific prevention and early intervention programs are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne W Taylor
- Population Research & Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | | | - Qian Ling
- Chinese Center for Health Education, Beijing 100011, China.
| | - Valentina Kirzhanova
- Department of Epidemiology, Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 101000, Russia.
| | | | - Eleonora Dal Grande
- Population Research & Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Graeme Tucker
- Population Research & Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Alfred B Makanjuola
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 240242, Nigeria.
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476
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Crowley NA, Magee SN, Feng M, Jefferson SJ, Morris CJ, Dao NC, Brockway DF, Luscher B. Ketamine normalizes binge drinking-induced defects in glutamatergic synaptic transmission and ethanol drinking behavior in female but not male mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 149:35-44. [PMID: 30731135 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine is a fast acting experimental antidepressant with significant therapeutic potential for emotional disorders such as major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorders. Of particular interest is binge alcohol use, which during intermittent withdrawal from drinking involves depressive-like symptoms reminiscent of major depressive disorder. Binge drinking has been successfully modeled in mice with the Drinking in the Dark (DID) paradigm, which involves daily access to 20% ethanol, for a limited duration and selectively during the dark phase of the circadian light cycle. Here we demonstrate that DID exposure reduces the cell surface expression of NMDA- and AMPA-type glutamate receptors in the prelimbic cortex (PLC) of female but not male mice, along with reduced activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Pretreatment with an acute subanesthetic dose of ketamine suppresses binge-like ethanol consumption in female but not male mice. Lastly, DID-exposure reduces spontaneous glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the PLC of both sexes, but synaptic transmission is rescued by ketamine selectively in female mice. Thus, ketamine may have therapeutic potential as an ethanol binge suppressing agent selectively in female subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Crowley
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sarah N Magee
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Mengyang Feng
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sarah J Jefferson
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Christian J Morris
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Nigel C Dao
- Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Dakota F Brockway
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bernhard Luscher
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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477
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Calzo JP, Turner BC, Marro R, Phillips GL. Alcohol Use and Disordered Eating in a US Sample of Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 58:200-210. [PMID: 30738547 PMCID: PMC6369698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To expand knowledge of co-occurring alcohol use and disordered eating behaviors (DEB) among sexual minority (ie, nonheterosexual) youth. METHOD Using pooled 2009 to 2015 US Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (322,687 students; 7.3% lesbian, gay, bisexual), multivariable logistic regression models examined the following: (1) associations of age of onset of drinking and past month binge drinking with past year DEB (fasting, diet pill use, purging, steroid use); and (2) effect modification by sexual orientation. RESULTS Alcohol use and sexual minority identity were independently associated with elevated odds for diet pill use and purging among female adolescents, and with fasting and steroid use among male adolescents. Odds of fasting increased with greater frequency of monthly binge drinking among heterosexual adolescent female youth, and odds of diet pill use increased with greater frequency of monthly binge drinking among heterosexual adolescent male youth. DEB prevalence was particularly pronounced among adolescents who binge drank and who were not sure of their sexual orientation identity. Among male adolescents not sure of their sexual orientation identity, those who binge drank more than 1 day in the past month had 8.63 to 23.62 times the odds of using diet pills relative to those who did not binge drink, and 13.37 to 26.42 times the odds of purging relative to those who did not binge drink. CONCLUSION More research is needed on psychosocial factors underlying alcohol use and DEB in youth of all sexual orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerel P. Calzo
- the Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, San Diego State University Graduate School of Public Health, CA, and the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University Research Foundation, CA
| | - Blair C. Turner
- the Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Rachel Marro
- the Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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478
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Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking Among Young Adults Aged 20-30 Years in Lisbon, Portugal. J Addict Nurs 2019; 29:E9-E15. [PMID: 30507826 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past decade, the changes to the pattern of alcohol consumption in Portugal, in particular among young people with heavy episodic drinking (binge drinking), are well documented. However, there are limited studies in individuals aged between 20 and 30 years, which is an important period of transition into adulthood where binge drinking can negatively influence the resolution of developmental tasks. Therefore, this study aims at analyzing the pattern of alcohol consumption and binge drinking among young adults aged between 20 and 30 years living in the municipality of Lisbon. METHODOLOGY This is a quantitative, descriptive correlational study using a convenience sample composed of 259 individuals. We used the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test for data collection. RESULTS Among the sampled subjects, 19.3% of them reported being nondrinkers. Among the alcohol-drinking subjects (N = 209), 61.3% reported binge drinking behaviors. We found a higher percentage of binge drinkers among vocational training students than among university students, as well as a relatively higher percentage of women. In both cases, we found no statistically significant differences. Within the total sample, 10.8% reported hazardous or harmful consumption, with men showing greater hazardous consumption. CONCLUSIONS Although approximately one fifth of the sampled subjects reported being nondrinkers, the percentage of binge drinkers in this study was significantly higher than that reported in other studies. We also found that binge drinking is more common among vocational training students, although this difference was not statistically significant. Further studies are needed on this age group and in nonacademic settings.
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479
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Patrick ME, Terry-McElrath YM, Lanza ST, Jager J, Schulenberg JE, O'Malley PM. Shifting Age of Peak Binge Drinking Prevalence: Historical Changes in Normative Trajectories Among Young Adults Aged 18 to 30. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:287-298. [PMID: 30645773 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the extent to which the developmental pattern of prevalence of binge drinking in the past 2 weeks from ages 18 through 30 has changed across 29 cohorts of U.S. young adults, and whether the changes differed by gender. METHODS Analyses used national longitudinal data from 58,019 12th-grade students (from graduating high school classes 1976 to 2004) participating in the Monitoring the Future study followed through modal age 30 (with age 29/30 data collected from 1987 to 2016). Weighted time-varying effect modeling was used to model cohort group differences in age-related patterns of binge drinking. RESULTS The age of peak binge drinking prevalence increased across cohorts (from age 20 in 1976 to 1985 to 22 in 1996 to 2004 for women, and from 21 in 1976 to 1985 to 23 in 1996 to 2004 for men). Historical change in the developmental pattern of binge drinking across all ages of young adulthood differed for men and women. Even after controlling for key covariates, women in the more recent cohort group reported significantly higher binge drinking prevalence than women in earlier cohorts from ages 21 through 30. Men in the more recent cohort group reported higher binge drinking prevalence at ages 25 to 26, but prevalence levels then converged to those seen in earlier cohort groups by age 30. CONCLUSIONS An older age of peak binge drinking and a decreased rate of decline in the prevalence of binge drinking in later young adulthood among more recent cohorts have resulted in an extension of individual and societal risks associated with binge drinking, particularly for women, across young adulthood. High-risk alcohol use prevention efforts are needed throughout at least the third decade of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Patrick
- Institute for Social Research , University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Stephanie T Lanza
- Health and Human Development , The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania
| | - Justin Jager
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - John E Schulenberg
- Institute for Social Research , University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Patrick M O'Malley
- Institute for Social Research , University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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480
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Stressful life events and alcohol consumption in pregnant women: A cross-sectional survey. Midwifery 2019; 71:27-32. [PMID: 30641438 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological stress in pregnancy has been related to different adaptations (physical, emotional and social) of the woman's life during this period. Although maternal stress is a common occurrence in pregnancy, studies indicate that the high levels of stressful life events are a predisposing factor to alcohol consumption in pregnant women. Though postnatal maternal emotional distress has been extensively investigated, little is known about the association between stressful life events and maternal risk behaviors during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to verify the association between stressful life events and alcohol consumption in pregnant women. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS This is a cross-sectional survey using a convenience sample of 449 women in the third trimester of pregnancy. The participants were recruited in a public maternity hospital in the city located in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS A semi-structured interview was used to assess alcohol use and stressful life events of the respondent's life. The semi-structured interview included the following instruments: a socio-demographic questionnaire, inventory for the evaluation of the stressful life events (Interview for Recent life events -IRLE), the questionnaire Tolerance, Annoyed, Cut-down, Eye-Opener (T-ACE) for the use of alcohol, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria for alcohol-related disorders, and the evaluation of consumption before and during each gestational trimester. RESULTS Pregnant women diagnosed with alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence according to ICD-10 and with risk consumption, according to T-ACE screening, had a higher occurrence of stressful life events than the group without this diagnosis (p < 0.001). The following stressful life events were more frequent among women with alcohol problems: "Major financial difficulties," "Loss or theft of objects", "Serious argument with non-resident/close family member", "Serious argument with family members," and "Marital separation" with the latter about eight times more common in this group. CONCLUSION The results suggest an association between stressful life events and dependence or risk consumption of alcohol in pregnant women. The evaluation of stressful life events by the nursing team can help pregnant women to identify or strengthen healthy coping styles in the face of stress, thus intervene, and avoid alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
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481
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Neural correlates of visual attention in alcohol use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 194:430-437. [PMID: 30502544 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have documented cognitive impairments in multiple domains in patients with an alcohol use disorder (AUD), including perceptuomotor, executive, and visuospatial functions. Although the neural underpinnings of cognitive deficits in AUD have been studied extensively, the neural basis of attention deficits in AUD remains relatively unexplored. Here, we investigated neural responses to a visual attention task (VAT) in 19 recently abstinent patients with AUD and 23 healthy control participants (HC) using functional MRI (fMRI). AUD had a mean number of 62 ± 34SD drinks per week and 29 ± 13 years' history of alcohol use. Results show that there were no behavioral differences (accuracy or reaction time) between groups during the VAT. For both groups, the VAT activated brain areas associated with visual attention load (i.e., parietal and prefrontal cortices) and visual processing (i.e., occipital cortex), which is in line with previous reports on the same task in healthy volunteers. Despite similar behavioral performances, AUD participants showed decreased VAT activation in regions of the dorsal and ventral attention networks, including parietal and prefrontal cortices, and in the insula as compared to controls. These findings corroborate differences in attention networks in AUD compared to HC that might underlie attention deficits in AUD, whereas impairments in the insula could reflect a disruption of interoception processing as found in other addictions.
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482
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin R Schlagal
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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483
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Palma-Álvarez RF, Rodríguez-Cintas L, Abad AC, Sorribes M, Ros-Cucurull E, Robles-Martínez M, Grau-López L, Aguilar L, Roncero C. Mood Disorders and Severity of Addiction in Alcohol-Dependent Patients Could Be Mediated by Sex Differences. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:343. [PMID: 31214056 PMCID: PMC6554686 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcohol dependence is highly prevalent in the general population; some differences in alcohol use and dependence between women and men have been described, including outcomes and ranging from biological to social variables. This study aims to compare the severity of alcohol dependence with clinical and psychopathological characteristics between sexes. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in alcohol-dependent outpatients; the recruitment period was 7 years. The assessment of these patients was carried out by obtaining sociodemographic characteristics and using the Semi-structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II (SCID-I and SCID-II), European version of the Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scales. Variables were compared and analyzed. Results: The sample was composed of 178 patients (74.2% males and 25.8% females) with a mean age of 46.52 ± 9.86. No sociodemographic differences were found between men and women. Females had a higher rate of suicide attempts and depression symptoms at the treatment onset. When results of EuropASI were compared, females had worse psychological and employment results than males. According to consumption variables, males had an earlier onset of alcohol use, had more regular alcohol use, and develop alcohol dependence earlier than females. Conclusions: According to results, there are sex-dependent differences (severity and other variables such as mood or suicide) in alcohol dependence. Thus, this may implicate the need of future specific research and treatment programs based on the specific necessities of each sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul F Palma-Álvarez
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital-Public Health Agency, Barcelona (ASPB), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònomade Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Rodríguez-Cintas
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital-Public Health Agency, Barcelona (ASPB), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònomade Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfonso C Abad
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital-Public Health Agency, Barcelona (ASPB), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Sorribes
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital-Public Health Agency, Barcelona (ASPB), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Ros-Cucurull
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital-Public Health Agency, Barcelona (ASPB), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònomade Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lara Grau-López
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital-Public Health Agency, Barcelona (ASPB), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònomade Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Aguilar
- Psychiatry Service, Salamanca University Health Care Complex, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Roncero
- Psychiatry Service, Salamanca University Health Care Complex, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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484
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Yang WS, Yen TH, Juang YY, Lee SH, Wang BH, Lee CP. Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with intentional methanol intoxication. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:397-402. [PMID: 30774350 PMCID: PMC6362913 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s192943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intentional methanol intoxication (IMI) is an emerging public health issue in Asian countries, but few data are available in the literature on underlying psychiatric comorbidities in these suicide attempters. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review on patients with methanol intoxication (MI) treated at Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan during 2000-2016. Of the 56 cases of documented MI, 16 were IMI. Baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory, psychiatric diagnoses, and mortality data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Patient group with IMI had more females (62.5% vs 7.5%, P=0.000), less alcohol consumption (33.3% vs 92.5%, P=0.000), and less smoking (40.0% vs 79.5%, P=0.009), but higher past psychiatric disease (73.3% vs 10.0%, P=0.000) and past suicide attempts (81.1% vs 2.5%, P=0.000) than patient group with unintentional MI (UMI). Pesticides (50.0%) comprised the most common source used for suicide, followed by industrial methanol (37.5%). There was no significant difference in mortality rates between these two group (25.0% vs 22.5%, P=0.548). Twelve (75.0%) survivors of IMI were referred to a psychiatric consultation-liaison team, and depressive disorder (58.3%) and adjustment disorder (25.0%) were common. CONCLUSION There is a female predominance and a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities, namely depression and adjustment disorder in patients with IMI. Besides, alcohol consumption is a prevalent but not adequately treated condition in UMI group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, .,Department of Nephrology and Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Yuh Juang
- Department of Psychiatry, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Hua Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,
| | - Bi-Hwa Wang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Pang Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,
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485
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Zanetti ACG, Cumsille F, Mann R. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE USE OF ALCOHOL, MARIJUANA AND COCAINE AND THE SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF RIBEIRÃO PRETO, BRAZIL. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-cicad-1-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the prevalence of use in life and in the last three months of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine among university students from the social and health Sciences areas of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil and to evaluate the association between use in life and in the last three months of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine and the variables gender, area of the course, with whom the student lives, importance of religion, age and year of study. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with a convenience sample of 275 students from a public university in Ribeirão Preto-SP. For data collection, two instruments were used, containing sociodemographic, training and psychoactive substances. For the analysis, the following tests were used: Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test of Person and Mann-Whitney test. Results: As for sociodemographic factors, there was a significant association between the gender of the participants among the use of marijuana and cocaine in life (p=0.024 and p=0.005, respectively) and the last three months (p=0.013 and p=0.009, respectively), among the importance of religion and the lifetime use of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine (p <0.001, p <0.001 and p = 0.024, respectively) and the use of only marijuana in the last three months (p <0.001) and among the use of marijuana in the last three months and the year of graduation (p=0.003). Regarding age, the results showed a significant difference only between the groups that reported not to use alcohol in life (p=0.037). Conclusion: the investigated university students presented a prevalence of use in their lifetime and in the last three months of marijuana and cocaine greater among men, but not for alcohol. The importance of religion was negatively associated with the use of investigated drugs. The results can provide important subsidies for the structuring of preventive measures for abuse of psychoactive substances between university students and the need for new investigations that cover the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Cumsille
- Inter-American Observatory on Drugs, Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission, Estados Unidos
| | - Robert Mann
- University of Toronto, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada
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486
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Moorman DE. The role of the orbitofrontal cortex in alcohol use, abuse, and dependence. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 87:85-107. [PMID: 29355587 PMCID: PMC6072631 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the major functions of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is to promote flexible motivated behavior. It is no surprise, therefore, that recent work has demonstrated a prominent impact of chronic drug use on the OFC and a potential role for OFC disruption in drug abuse and addiction. Among drugs of abuse, the use of alcohol is particularly salient with respect to OFC function. Although a number of studies in humans have implicated OFC dysregulation in alcohol use disorders, animal models investigating the association between OFC and alcohol use are only beginning to be developed, and there is still a great deal to be revealed. The goal of this review is to consider what is currently known regarding the role of the OFC in alcohol use and dependence. I will first provide a brief, general overview of current views of OFC function and its contributions to drug seeking and addiction. I will then discuss research to date related to the OFC and alcohol use, both in human clinical populations and in non-human models. Finally I will consider issues and strategies to guide future study that may identify this brain region as a key player in the transition from moderated to problematic alcohol use and dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Moorman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Neuroscience and Behavior Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst MA 01003 USA
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487
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Ogunmoroti O, Osibogun O, McClelland RL, Burke GL, Nasir K, Michos ED. Alcohol and ideal cardiovascular health: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Clin Cardiol 2018; 42:151-158. [PMID: 30506744 PMCID: PMC6357768 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol consumption is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), with moderate drinkers having decreased CVD risk compared to non‐ and heavy drinkers. However, whether alcohol consumption is associated with ideal cardiovascular health (CVH), assessed by the American Heart Association's (AHA) Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metrics, and whether associations differ by sex, is uncertain. Hypothesis Heavy alcohol consumption is associated with worse CVH. Methods We explored associations between alcohol consumption and CVH in a multi‐ethnic population including 6506 participants free of CVD, aged 45 to 84 years. Each LS7 metric was scored 0 to 2 points. Total score was categorized as inadequate (0‐8), average (9‐10) and optimal (11‐14). Participants were classified as never, former or current drinkers. Current drinkers were categorized as <1 (light), 1 to 2 (moderate) and >2 (heavy) drinks/day. Multinomial logistic regression models assessed associations between alcohol and CVH, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, and health insurance. Results Mean (SD) age was 62 (10) years, 53% were women. Compared to never drinkers, those with >2 drinks/day were less likely to have average [0.61 (0.43‐0.87)] and optimal CVH [0.29 (0.17‐0.49)]. Binge drinking was also associated with unfavorable CVH. Overall, there was no independent association for light or moderate drinking with CVH. However, women with 1 to 2 drinks/day were more likely to have optimal CVH [1.85 (1.19‐2.88)] compared to non‐drinking women, which was not seen in men. Conclusion Heavy alcohol consumption was associated with unfavorable CVH. Although light or moderate drinking may be associated with a more favorable CVH in women, overall, the association was not strong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Olatokunbo Osibogun
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gregory L Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Erin D Michos
- The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, Maryland
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488
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Sircar R. Estrogen Modulates Ethanol‐Induced Memory Deficit in Postpubertal Adolescent Rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 43:61-68. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.13921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Sircar
- Department of Psychology (RS) The City College of New York City University of New York New York New York
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (RS) Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx New York
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489
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Foster KT, Hicks BM, Durbin CE, Iacono WG, McGue M. The gender risk-severity paradox for alcohol use disorder from adolescence through young adulthood. EMERGING ADULTHOOD (PRINT) 2018; 6:375-386. [PMID: 30775160 PMCID: PMC6372236 DOI: 10.1177/2167696817740453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A large proportion of the public health costs of alcohol use disorder (AUD) can be accounted for by a small percentage of severe cases with a chronic course starting in adolescence and persisting into adulthood. However, chronicity may be a less effective marker of AUD severity in women than men due to a gender risk-severity paradox wherein comparable levels of risk exposure yield more co-occurring problems for women than men with AUD. To model this paradox, we compared trajectories of alcohol and drug use problems, depression symptoms, and antisocial behavior from ages 17 to 29 in men and women with a persistent, desistent, or no history of AUD. Problems followed a quadratic trajectory (i.e., increases followed by decreases), with gender and AUD chronicity moderating age-related change. Specifically, persistent and desistent courses differentiated the severity of problems more effectively in men while chronicity had less utility for differentiating AUD severity in women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota
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490
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An improved model of ethanol and nicotine co-use in female P rats: Effects of naltrexone, varenicline, and the selective nicotinic α6β2* antagonist r-bPiDI. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 193:154-161. [PMID: 30384323 PMCID: PMC6239925 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Although pharmacotherapies are available for alcohol (EtOH) or tobacco use disorders individually, it may be possible to develop a single pharmacotherapy to treat heavy drinking tobacco smokers by capitalizing on the commonalities in their mechanisms of action. Methods Female alcohol-preferring (P) rats were trained for EtOH drinking and nicotine self-administration in two phases: (1) EtOH alone (0 vs. 15% EtOH, 2-bottle choice) and (2) concomitant access, during which EtOH access continued with access to nicotine (0.03 mg/kg/infusion, i.v.) using a 2-lever choice procedure (active vs. inactive lever) in which the fixed ratio (FR) requirement was gradually increased to FR30. When stable co-use was obtained, rats were pretreated with varying doses of naltrexone, varenicline, or r-bPiDI, an α6β2* subtype-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist shown previously to reduce nicotine self-administration. Results While EtOH intake was initially suppressed in phase 2 (co-use), pharmacologically relevant intake for both substances was achieved by raising the "price" of nicotine to FR30. In phase 2, naltrexone decreased EtOH and water consumption but not nicotine intake; in contrast, naltrexone in phase 1 (EtOH only) did not significantly alter EtOH intake. Varenicline and r-bPiDI in phase 2 both decreased nicotine self-administration and inactive lever pressing, but neither altered EtOH or water consumption. Conclusions These results indicate that increasing the "price" of nicotine increases EtOH intake during co-use. Additionally, the efficacy of naltrexone, varenicline, and r-bPiDI was specific to either EtOH or nicotine, with no efficacy for co-use. Nevertheless, future studies on combining these treatments may reveal synergistic efficacy.
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491
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Bilevicius E, Single A, Rapinda KK, Bristow LA, Keough MT. Frequent solitary drinking mediates the associations between negative affect and harmful drinking in emerging adults. Addict Behav 2018; 87:115-121. [PMID: 30005333 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression and anxiety are highly comorbid conditions that are associated with harmful drinking. Social learning theory proposes that depressed or anxious individuals learn that drinking can reduce negative affect, which makes them susceptible to harmful drinking. Consistent with theory, evidence suggests that negative affect increases risk for harmful drinking. But, less is known about mediators of negative affect-pathways to harmful drinking. Research has demonstrated that solitary drinking is an underlying mechanism of harmful drinking among emerging adults with high levels of negative affect. However, much of this work is cross-sectional. We conducted a longitudinal study to examine solitary drinking as a key explanatory variable in the negative-affect pathway to harmful drinking. METHODS Emerging adults (N = 308) completed online self-reports of depression and anxiety at Time 1 (the beginning of their first semester in university), and drinking context and harmful drinking at Time 2 (the end of their first semester of university). RESULTS Structural equation modeling supported indirect effects from negative affect to harmful drinking via solitary drinking. Specifically, emerging adults with high levels of negative affect at the beginning of their first semester engaged in frequent solitary drinking over the rest of the semester, and subsequently experienced increased harmful drinking (controlling for Time 1 solitary/social drinking and harmful use). Social drinking was not a mediator of this effect. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal that solitary drinking uniquely mediated the relation between negative affect and harmful drinking. Reducing solitary drinking might mitigate negative affect-related risk for harmful drinking in emerging adults.
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492
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Pavkovic B, Zaric M, Markovic M, Klacar M, Huljic A, Caricic A. Double screening for dual disorder, alcoholism and depression. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:483-489. [PMID: 30326431 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Comorbidity of alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder has been reported in samples. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between alcoholism and depression in undiagnosed patients by simultaneously applying screening tests for both disorders. A total of 421 subjects were included in the study, of which 246 were female. Two screening tests, the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and the Beck Depression Inventory, were used. In the total sample, 28.03% of the respondents engaged in some type of harmful alcohol use and 55.82% experienced some level of depression; 24.70% of the respondents had both at the same time, some type of harmful alcohol use and some level of depression. Results of statistical analysis showed that a more problematic alcohol use type was associated with a more severe level of depression, with a greater positive association between problematic alcohol use and severity of depressive symptoms among females and more harmful alcohol consumption among males. This study points to the importance of screening for alcoholism and depression, because their timely detection and treatment improves the quality of life in newly diagnosed individuals and reduces the economic burden on society for health services due to greater use if a greater severity of dual disorder is reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Pavkovic
- Health Center "Dr Simo Milosevic", Požeška 82, Čukarica, Belgrade 11231, Serbia.
| | - Marija Zaric
- Health Center "Dr Simo Milosevic", Požeška 82, Čukarica, Belgrade 11231, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Markovic
- Health Center "Dr Simo Milosevic", Požeška 82, Čukarica, Belgrade 11231, Serbia
| | - Marija Klacar
- Health Center "Dr Simo Milosevic", Požeška 82, Čukarica, Belgrade 11231, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Huljic
- Health Center "Dr Simo Milosevic", Požeška 82, Čukarica, Belgrade 11231, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Caricic
- Health Center "Dr Simo Milosevic", Požeška 82, Čukarica, Belgrade 11231, Serbia
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493
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Rhinehart EM, Nentwig TB, Wilson DE, Leonard KT, Chaney BN, Grisel JE. Sex and β-Endorphin Influence the Effects of Ethanol on Limbic Gabra2 Expression in a Mouse Binge Drinking Model. Front Genet 2018; 9:567. [PMID: 30555510 PMCID: PMC6281685 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking is a widespread problem linked to increased risk for alcohol-related complications, including development of alcohol use disorders. In the last decade, binge drinking has increased significantly, specifically in women. Clinically, sexually dimorphic effects of alcohol are well-characterized, however, the underlying mechanisms for these dimorphisms in the physiological and behavioral effects of alcohol are poorly understood. Among its many effects, alcohol consumption reduces anxiety via the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, most likely acting upon receptors containing the α-2 subunit (Gabra2). Previous research from our laboratory indicates that female mice lacking the endogenous opioid peptide β-endorphin (βE) have an overactive stress axis and enhanced anxiety-like phenotype, coupled with increased binge-like alcohol consumption. Because βE works via GABA signaling to reduce anxiety, we sought to determine whether sexually dimorphic binge drinking behavior in βE deficient mice is coupled with differences in CNS Gabra2 expression. To test this hypothesis, we used βE knock-out mice in a "drinking in the dark" model where adult male and female C57BL/6J controls (βE +/+) and βE deficient (βE -/-; B6.129S2-Pomctm1Low/J) mice were provided with one bottle of 20% ethanol (EtOH) and one of water (EtOH drinkers) or two bottles of water (water drinkers) 3 h into the dark cycle for four consecutive days. Following a binge test on day 4, limbic tissue was collected and frozen for subsequent qRT-PCR analysis of Gabra2 mRNA expression. Water-drinking βE +/+ females expressed more Gabra2 in central nucleus of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis than males, but this sex difference was absent in the βE -/- mice. Genotype alone had no effect on alcohol consumption or drug-induced increase in Gabra2 expression. In contrast, βE expression had bi-directional effects in females: in wildtypes, Gabra2 mRNA was reduced by binge EtOH consumption, while EtOH increased expression in βE -/- females to levels commensurate with drug-naïve βE +/+ females. These results support the contention that βE plays a role in sexually dimorphic binge-like EtOH consumption, perhaps through differential expression of GABAA α2 subunits in limbic structures known to play key roles in the regulation of stress and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Rhinehart
- Department of Biology, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA, United States
| | - Todd B Nentwig
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, United States
| | - Diane E Wilson
- Department of Biology, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA, United States
| | - Kiarah T Leonard
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, United States
| | - Bernie N Chaney
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, United States
| | - Judith E Grisel
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, United States
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494
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Addo J, Cook S, Galbete C, Agyemang C, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Nicolaou M, Danquah I, Schulze MB, Brathwaite R, Mockenhaupt FP, Beune E, Meeks K, de-Graft Aikins A, Bahendaka S, Owusu-Dabo E, Smeeth L. Differences in alcohol consumption and drinking patterns in Ghanaians in Europe and Africa: The RODAM Study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206286. [PMID: 30388130 PMCID: PMC6214514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about alcohol consumption among Africans living in rural and urban Africa compared to African migrants in Europe. We compared the patterns of alcohol consumption in a group of Ghanaians living in different locations in Ghana and in Europe and examined the factors associated with drinking alcohol. METHODS Data were from a cross-sectional study (RODAM) of Ghanaians aged 25-70 years living in rural and urban Ghana and in Amsterdam, Berlin and London. Information on how often participants consumed at least one standard alcoholic drink in the preceding 12 months, the type of alcoholic beverage and the average serving size was obtained using a food propensity questionnaire. The associations between drinking alcohol and socio-demographic variables, and frequency of attending religious services were investigated using logistic regression models stratified by site and sex. For Ghanaians living in Europe, the number of years since migration and acculturation were also included in the model as covariates. RESULTS 4280 participants (62.2% women) were included in the analyses. In both men and women, the prevalence of drinking and amount of alcohol consumed per day was highest in Berlin (prevalence of drinking 71.0% and 61.7%) and lowest in urban Ghana (41.4% and 26.8%). After adjustment for age and education in both men and women in Europe, those attending religious services less frequently reported higher levels of drinking alcohol than non-attendants (never attend/no religion compared to attending service at least once a week men OR 4.60 95% CI 2.85, 7.44; women OR 1.80 95% CI 1.12, 2.90) p-trend with frequency <0.001 in men; 0.002 in women); this association was seen also in men in rural Ghana (p-trend = 0.001) and women in urban Ghana (p-trend = 0.02). The prevalence of drinking was positively associated with years since migration in both men and women in Europe ((OR per years increase in time lived in Europe 1.25 (95% CI 1.02,1.53) test for trend p = 0.03 in women; OR 1.29 (95% CI 1.03, 1.62 p = 0.03 in men) but no association was found with self-reported measures of acculturation (ethnic identity, cultural orientation or social networks). CONCLUSION There are marked differences in alcohol consumption between Ghanaians living in Europe and in Ghana suggesting migration has an important influence of drinking patterns and also suggesting the possibility of requiring different strategies in alcohol reduction campaigns among Ghanaians in different locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Addo
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Cook
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Galbete
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mary Nicolaou
- Department of Public Health Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ina Danquah
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité–Universitaestmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Rachel Brathwaite
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frank P. Mockenhaupt
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité–Universitaestmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erik Beune
- Department of Public Health Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Meeks
- Department of Public Health Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ama de-Graft Aikins
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- Faculty of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
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495
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Bratberg GH, Haugland SH. Commentary on Livingston et al. (2018): Change in gender ratios, what do they signify? Addiction 2018; 113:2029-2030. [PMID: 30230084 DOI: 10.1111/add.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grete H Bratberg
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| | - Siri H Haugland
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science, Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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496
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Offermans NSM, Ketcham SM, van den Brandt PA, Weijenberg MP, Simons CCJM. Alcohol intake, ADH1B and ADH1C genotypes, and the risk of colorectal cancer by sex and subsite in the Netherlands Cohort Study. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:375-388. [PMID: 29390059 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The alcohol-colorectal cancer (CRC) association may differ by sex and ADH1B and ADH1C genotypes. ADH enzymes oxidize ethanol to acetaldehyde, both of which are human carcinogens. The Netherlands Cohort Study includes 120 852 participants, aged 55-69 years at baseline (1986), and has 20.3 years follow-up (case-cohort: nsubcohort = 4774; ncases = 4597). The baseline questionnaire included questions on alcohol intake at baseline and 5 years before. Using toenail DNA, available for ~75% of the cohort, we successfully genotyped six ADH1B and six ADH1C SNPs (nsubcohort = 3897; ncases = 3558). Sex- and subsite-specific Cox hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for CRC were estimated comparing alcohol categories, genotypes within drinkers and alcohol categories within genotype strata. We used a dominant genetic model and adjusted for multiple testing. Alcohol intake increased CRC risk in both sexes, though in women only in the (proximal) colon when in excess of 30 g/day. In male drinkers, ADH1B rs4147536 increased (distal) colon cancer risk. In female drinkers, ADH1C rs283415 increased proximal colon cancer risk. ADH1B rs3811802 and ADH1C rs4147542 decreased CRC risk in heavy (>30 g/day) and stable drinkers (compared to 5 years before baseline), respectively. Rs3811802 and rs4147542 significantly modified the alcohol-colon cancer association in women (Pfor interaction = 0.004 and 0.02, respectively). A difference in associations between genotype strata was generally clearer in men than women. In conclusion, men showed increased CRC risks across subsites and alcohol intake levels, while only colon cancer risk was increased in women at heavy intake levels. ADH1B rs3811802 and ADH1C rs4147542 significantly modified the alcohol-colon cancer association in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine S M Offermans
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Shannon M Ketcham
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI - School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matty P Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Colinda C J M Simons
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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497
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Costa L, Dias S, Martins MDRO. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Immigrants in Portugal: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102299. [PMID: 30347692 PMCID: PMC6210251 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to compare adequate fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake between immigrants and natives in Portugal, and to analyse factors associated with consumption of F&V among immigrants. Data from a population based cross-sectional study (2014) was used. The final sample comprised 17,410 participants (≥20 years old), of whom 7.4% were immigrants. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between adequate F&V intake, sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle characteristics. Adequate F&V intake was more prevalent among immigrants (21.1% (95% CI: 19.0–23.4)) than natives (18.5% (95% CI: 17.9–19.1)), (p = 0.000). Association between migrant status and adequate F&V intake was only evident for men: immigrants were less likely to achieve an adequate F&V intake (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.66–0.68) when compared to Portuguese. Among immigrants, being female, older, with a higher education, and living in a low urbanisation area increased the odds of having F&V consumption closer to the recommendations. Adjusting for other factors, length of residence appears as a risk factor (15 or more years vs. 0–9 years: OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.50–0.53), (p = 0.000) for adequate F&V intake. Policies aiming to promote adequate F&V consumption should consider both populations groups, and gender-based strategies should address proper sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Costa
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Sónia Dias
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa & Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maria do Rosário O Martins
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.
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498
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499
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Reidy DE, Smith-Darden JP, Vivolo-Kantor AM, Malone CA, Kernsmith PD. Masculine Discrepancy Stress and Psychosocial Maladjustment: Implications for Behavioral and Mental Health of Adolescent Boys. PSYCHOLOGY OF MEN & MASCULINITY 2018; 19:560-569. [PMID: 29599648 PMCID: PMC5868744 DOI: 10.1037/men0000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Gender role discrepancy (GRD), or nonconformity to socially prescribed gender roles, has been linked to a multitude of adverse mental and behavioral health outcomes. Masculine discrepancy stress (MDS), stress about being perceived not to conform to one's gender role, may explain the relationship between GRD and deleterious health outcomes. However, research on MDS has primarily been restricted to adult males. This leaves a critical gap pertaining to the potential effect of MDS on adolescent boys, who may be more malleable and susceptible to the influence and pressures of gender socialization. In the current study, data are drawn from a sample of adolescent male students (N = 592) who completed self-report questionnaires. We employed structural equation modeling to test the effects of GRD and MDS on psychosocial maladjustment measured via sexual behavior, substance use, violence, mood disorder symptoms, and hopelessness. In addition, we controlled for critical risk factors including sociodemographic characteristics, adverse childhood experiences, trauma symptoms, and neighborhood disorganization. Findings indicate significant potentiating effects of MDS on maladjustment while there were direct protective effects of GRD. These data suggest that developing prevention strategies that incorporate social norms pertaining to gender socialization may have an impact on multiple behavioral and mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis E Reidy
- Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Carvalho AF, Stubbs B, Maes M, Solmi M, Vancampfort D, Kurdyak PA, Brunoni AR, Husain MI, Koyanagi A. Different patterns of alcohol consumption and the incidence and persistence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among older adults in Ireland: A prospective community-based study. J Affect Disord 2018; 238:651-658. [PMID: 29957483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of different patterns of alcohol consumption and the incidence and persistence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in older age remain unclear. METHODS Data on 6095 adults aged ≥ 50 years old from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA) was analyzed. Participants completed the CAGE instrument to screen for problematic alcohol use at baseline between October 2009 and February 2011. Outcomes were incident (assessed by the CES-D scale) and anxiety (assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depressive scale) symptoms after a two-year follow-up as well as persistence of probable depression and anxiety among those with a positive screen for those disorders at baseline. Associations were adjusted for potential confounders through multivariable models. RESULTS In the overall sample, problem drinking did not predict incident and persistent depression and anxiety in this sample. Among females, problem drinking increased the risk for incident depression (OR = 2.11; 95%CI = 1.12-4.00) and anxiety (OR = 2.22; 95%CI = 1.01-4.86). In addition, problem drinking increased the risk of persistent depressive symptoms (OR = 2.43; 95%CI = 1.05-5.06) among females. CONCLUSION Problem drinking may increase the risk of incident probable depression and anxiety among older females. Furthermore, problem drinking led to a higher likelihood of persistent depressive symptoms in older female participants. Interventions targeting problem drinking among older females may prevent the onset and persistence of depression in this population, while also decreasing the incidence of anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; University Psychiatric Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Paul A Kurdyak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andre R Brunoni
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research & Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and National Institute of Biomarkers in Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Muhammad I Husain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11, Madrid 28029, Spain
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