501
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Kabir AH, Hossain MM, Khatun MA, Mandal A, Haider SA. Role of Silicon Counteracting Cadmium Toxicity in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1117. [PMID: 27512401 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2010.01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most phytotoxic elements causing an agricultural problem and human health hazards. This work investigates whether and how silicon (Si) ameliorates Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. The addition of Si in Cd-stressed plants caused significant improvement in morpho-physiological features as well as total protein and membrane stability, indicating that Si does have critical roles in Cd detoxification in Alfalfa. Furthermore, Si supplementation in Cd-stressed plants showed a significant decrease in Cd and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots compared with Cd-stressed plants, revealing that Si-mediated tolerance to Cd stress is associated with Cd inhibition in Alfalfa. Results also showed no significant changes in the expression of two metal chelators [MsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) and MsMT2 (metallothionein)] and PC (phytochelatin) accumulation, indicating that there may be no metal sequestration or change in metal sequestration following Si application under Cd stress in Alfalfa. We further performed a targeted study on the effect of Si on Fe uptake mechanisms. We observed the consistent reduction in Fe reductase activity, expression of Fe-related genes [MsIRT1 (Fe transporter), MsNramp1 (metal transporter) and OsFRO1 (ferric chelate reductase] and Fe chelators (citrate and malate) by Si application to Cd stress in roots of Alfalfa. These results support that limiting Fe uptake through the down-regulation of Fe acquisition mechanisms confers Si-mediated alleviation of Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. Finally, an increase of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities along with elevated methionine and proline subjected to Si application might play roles, at least in part, to reduce H2O2 and to provide antioxidant defense against Cd stress in Alfalfa. The study shows evidence of the effect of Si on alleviating Cd toxicity in Alfalfa and can be further extended for phytoremediation of Cd toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad M Hossain
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Most A Khatun
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Mandal
- System Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde Skövde, Sweden
| | - Syed A Haider
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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502
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Šestáková I, Navrátil T, Josypčuk B. Employment of Voltammetry in Studies of Transport Processes across Artificial Phospholipid Membranes. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šestáková
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the AS CR, v.v.i.; Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Navrátil
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the AS CR, v.v.i.; Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Bohdan Josypčuk
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the AS CR, v.v.i.; Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
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503
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Ma J, Sheng H, Li X, Wang L. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals the mechanisms of silicon-mediated cadmium tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) cells. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 104:71-80. [PMID: 27017433 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) can alleviate cadmium (Cd) stress in rice (Oryza sativa) plants, however, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms at the single-cell level remains limited. To address these questions, we investigated suspension cells of rice cultured in the dark environment in the absence and presence of Si with either short- (12 h) or long-term (5 d) Cd treatments using a combination of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), fluorescent staining, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). We identified 100 proteins differentially regulated by Si under the short- or long-term Cd stress. 70% of these proteins were down-regulated, suggesting that Si may improve protein use efficiency by maintaining cells in the normal physiological status. Furthermore, we showed two different mechanisms for Si-mediated Cd tolerance. Under the short-term Cd stress, the Si-modified cell walls inhibited the uptake of Cd ions into cells and consequently reduced the expressions of glycosidase, cell surface non-specific lipid-transfer proteins (nsLTPs), and several stress-related proteins. Under the long-term Cd stress, the amount of Cd in the cytoplasm in Si-accumulating (+Si) cells was decreased by compartmentation of Cd into vacuoles, thus leading to a lower expression of glutathione S-transferases (GST). These results provide protein-level insights into the Si-mediated Cd detoxification in rice single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huachun Sheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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504
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Begum MC, Islam MS, Islam M, Amin R, Parvez MS, Kabir AH. Biochemical and molecular responses underlying differential arsenic tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 104:266-77. [PMID: 27061371 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The arsenic (As) is a toxic element causing major health concern worldwide. Arsenate stress caused no significant reduction in growth parameters and shoot electrolyte leakage but showed increased root arsenate reductase activity along with relatively lower root As content and shoot translocation rate in As-tolerant BRRI 33 than in As-sensitive BRRI 51. It indicates that As inhibition and tolerance mechanisms are driven by root responses. Interestingly, As stress showed consistent decrease in phosphate content and expression of phosphate transporters (OsPT8, OsPT4, OsPHO1;2) under both high and low phosphate conditions in roots of BRRI 33, suggesting that limiting phosphate transport mainly mediated by OsPHO1;2 directs less As accumulation in BRRI 33. Further, BRRI 33 showed simultaneous increase in OsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) expression and phytochelatins (PCs) content in roots under As exposure supporting the hypothesis that root As sequestration acts as 'firewall system' in limiting As translocation in shoots. Furthermore, increased CAT, POD, SOD, GR, along with elevated glutathione, methionine, cysteine and proline suggests that strong antioxidant defense plays integral part to As tolerance in BRRI 33. Again, BRRI 33 self-grafts and plants having BRRI 33 rootstock combined with BRRI 51 scion had no adverse effect on morphological parameters but showed reduced As translocation rate, increased root arsenate reductase activity, shoot PC synthesis and root OsPHO1;2 expression due to As stress. It confirms that signal driving As tolerance mechanisms is generated in the roots. These findings can be implemented for As detoxification and As-free transgenic rice production for health safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Most Champa Begum
- Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Monirul Islam
- Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Ruhul Amin
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Rajshahi 6206, Bangladesh
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505
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Kabir AH. Biochemical and molecular changes in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) to cope with chromium stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:710-9. [PMID: 26804776 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is very toxic to both humans and plants. This investigation aimed to understand the physiological and molecular responses of rice seedlings to Cr stress. Cr toxicity did not significantly affect morphological features and Cr accumulation in roots and shoots in Pokkali but not in BRRI 51, although there was a reduction in chlorophyll concentration in leaves of both genotypes. These results imply that Pokkali has mechanisms to cope with Cr supplementation. We therefore performed quantitative real-time PCR on the expression pattern of two chelator genes, OsPCS1 and OsMT1, but there were no significant changes in expression in roots and shoots of Pokkali and BRRI 51 following Cr stress. This suggests that there was no metal sequestration following heavy metal stress in roots of these genotypes. Moreover, no expression of two heavy metal transporter genes, OsHMA3 and OsNRAMP1, was induced after Cr stress in roots and shoots, suggesting that these transporter genes are not induced by Cr stress or might not be involved in Cr uptake in rice. We also performed a targeted study on the effect of Cr on Fe uptake mechanisms. Our studies showed a consistent reduction in Fe uptake, Fe reductase activity and expression of Fe-related genes (OsFRO1 and OsIRT1) under Cr stress in both roots and leaves of Pokkali. In contrast, these parameters and genes were significantly increased in Cr-sensitive BRRI 51 under Cr stress. The results confirm that limiting Fe uptake through the down-regulation of Fe reductase and Fe transporter genes is the main strategy of Cr-tolerant Pokkali to cope with Cr stress. Finally, increased CAT, POD and GR activity and elevated glutathione and proline synthesis might provide strong antioxidant defence against Cr stress in Pokkali. Taken together, our findings reveal that Cr stress tolerance in rice (Pokkali) is not related to metal sequestration but is associated with reduced Fe transport and increased antioxidant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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506
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Méndez-Rodríguez LC, Alvarez-Castañeda ST. Assessment of Trace Metals in Soil, Vegetation and Rodents in Relation to Metal Mining Activities in an Arid Environment. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 97:44-49. [PMID: 27207229 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1826-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Areas where abandoned metal-extraction mines are located contain large quantities of mineral wastes derived from environmentally unsafe mining practices. These wastes contain many pollutants, such as heavy metals, which could be released to the environment through weathering and leaching, hence becoming an important source of environmental metal pollution. This study evaluates differences in the levels of lead, iron, nickel, manganese, copper and cadmium in rodents sharing the same type of diet under different microhabitat use in arid areas with past mining activities. Samples of soil, roots, branches and seeds of Palo Adán (Fouquieria diguetii) and specimens of two rodent species (Chaetodipus arenarius and C. spinatus) were collected in areas with impact from past metal mining activities as well as from areas with no mining impact. Both rodent species mirrored nickel and iron levels in soil and seeds, as well as lead levels in soil; however, C. arenarius accumulated higher levels of manganese, copper and cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia C Méndez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Sergio Ticul Alvarez-Castañeda
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
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507
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Zhou Q, Guo JJ, He CT, Shen C, Huang YY, Chen JX, Guo JH, Yuan JG, Yang ZY. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Low- and High-Cadmium-Accumulating Genotypes of Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) in Response to Cadmium Stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6485-94. [PMID: 27228483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To reduce cadmium (Cd) pollution of food chains, screening and breeding of low-Cd-accumulating cultivars are the focus of much study. Two previously identified genotypes, a low-Cd-accumulating genotype (LAJK) and a high-Cd-accumulating genotype (HAJS) of pakchoi (Brassica chinesis L.), were stressed by Cd (12.5 μM) for 0 h (T0), 3 h (T3) and 24 h (T24). By comparative transcriptome analysis for root tissue, 3005 and 4343 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in LAJK at T3 (vs T0) and T24 (vs T3), respectively, whereas 8677 and 5081 DEGs were detected in HAJS. Gene expression pattern analysis suggested a delay of Cd responded transcriptional changes in LAJK compared to HAJS. DEG functional enrichments proposed genotype-specific biological processes coped with Cd stress. Cell wall biosynthesis and glutathione (GSH) metabolism were found to involve in Cd resistance in HAJS, whereas DNA repair and abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction pathways played important roles in LAJK. Furthermore, the genes participating in Cd efflux such as PDR8 were overexpressed in LAJK, whereas those responsible for Cd transport such as YSL1 were more enhanced in HAJS, exhibiting different Cd transport processes between two genotypes. These novel findings should be useful for molecular assisted screening and breeding of low-Cd-accumulating genotypes for pakchoi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jing-Jie Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chun-Tao He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chuang Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jing-Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jian-Hua Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jian-Gang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China
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508
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Andresen E, Kappel S, Stärk HJ, Riegger U, Borovec J, Mattusch J, Heinz A, Schmelzer CEH, Matoušková Š, Dickinson B, Küpper H. Cadmium toxicity investigated at the physiological and biophysical levels under environmentally relevant conditions using the aquatic model plant Ceratophyllum demersum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 210:1244-1258. [PMID: 26840406 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an important environmental pollutant and is poisonous to most organisms. We aimed to unravel the mechanisms of Cd toxicity in the model water plant Ceratophyllum demersum exposed to low (nM) concentrations of Cd as are present in nature. Experiments were conducted under environmentally relevant conditions, including nature-like light and temperature cycles, and a low biomass to water ratio. We measured chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence kinetics, oxygen exchange, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and pigments, metal binding to proteins, and the accumulation of starch and metals. The inhibition threshold concentration for most parameters was 20 nM. Below this concentration, hardly any stress symptoms were observed. The first site of inhibition was photosynthetic light reactions (the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre measured as Fv /Fm , light-acclimated PSII activity ΦPSII , and total Chl). Trimers of the PSII light-harvesting complexes (LHCIIs) decreased more than LHC monomers and detection of Cd in the monomers suggested replacement of magnesium (Mg) by Cd in the Chl molecules. As a consequence of dysfunctional photosynthesis and energy dissipation, reactive oxygen species (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) appeared. Cadmium had negative effects on macrophytes at much lower concentrations than reported previously, emphasizing the importance of studies applying environmentally relevant conditions. A chain of inhibition events could be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Andresen
- Department of Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the CAS, Branišovská 31/1160, České Budějovice, CZ-37005, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, D-78457, Germany
| | - Sophie Kappel
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, D-78457, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Stärk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, D-04318, Germany
| | - Ulrike Riegger
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, D-78457, Germany
| | - Jakub Borovec
- Department of Hydrochemistry and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the CAS, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice, CZ-37005, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, CZ-37005, Czech Republic
| | - Jürgen Mattusch
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, D-04318, Germany
| | - Andrea Heinz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany
| | - Šárka Matoušková
- Institute of Geology of the CAS, Rozvojová 269, Praha 6 - Lysolaje, CZ-16500, Czech Republic
| | - Bryan Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, GCIS E 319A, 929 E. 57th St., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hendrik Küpper
- Department of Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the CAS, Branišovská 31/1160, České Budějovice, CZ-37005, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, D-78457, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31/1160, České Budějovice, CZ-37005, Czech Republic
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509
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Weremczuk A, Barabasz A, Ruszczyńska A, Bulska E, Antosiewicz DM. Determination the Usefulness of AhHMA4p1::AhHMA4 Expression in Biofortification Strategies. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2016; 227:186. [PMID: 27358503 PMCID: PMC4877419 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-016-2877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AhHMA4 from Arabidopsis thaliana encodes Zn/Cd export protein that controls Zn/Cd translocation to shoots. The focus of this manuscript is the evaluation of AhHMA4 expression in tomato for mineral biofortification (more Zn and less Cd in shoots and fruits). Hydroponic and soil-based experiments were performed. Transgenic and wild-type plants were grown on two dilution levels of Knop's medium (1/10, 1/2) with or without Cd, to determine if mineral composition affects the pattern of root/shoot partitioning of both metals due to AhHMA4 expression. Facilitation of Zn translocation to shoots of 19-day-old transgenic tomato was noted only when plants were grown in the more diluted medium. Moreover, the expression pattern of Zn-Cd-Fe cross-homeostasis genes (LeIRT1, LeChln, LeNRAMP1) was changed in transgenics in a medium composition-dependent fashion. In plants grown in soil (with/without Cd) up to maturity, expression of AhHMA4 resulted in more efficient translocation of Zn to shoots and restriction of Cd. These results indicate the usefulness of AhHMA4 expression to improve the growth of tomato on low-Zn soil, also contaminated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Weremczuk
- />Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa str 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Barabasz
- />Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa str 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Ruszczyńska
- />Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura str. 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ewa Bulska
- />Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura str. 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Danuta Maria Antosiewicz
- />Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa str 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
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510
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Farooq MA, Detterbeck A, Clemens S, Dietz KJ. Silicon-induced reversibility of cadmium toxicity in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3573-85. [PMID: 27122572 PMCID: PMC4892736 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) modulates tolerance to abiotic stresses, but little is known about the reversibility of stress effects by supplementing previously stressed plants with Si. This is surprising since recovery experiments might allow mechanisms of Si-mediated amelioration to be addressed. Rice was exposed to 10 µM CdCl2 for 4 d in hydroponics, followed by 0.6mM Si(OH)4 supplementation for 4 d. Si reversed the effects of Cd, as reflected in plant growth, photosynthesis, elemental composition, and some biochemical parameters. Cd-dependent deregulation of nutrient homeostasis was partially reversed by Si supply. Photosynthetic recovery within 48h following Si supply, coupled with strong stimulation of the ascorbate-glutathione system, indicates efficient activation of defense. The response was further verified by transcript analyses with emphasis on genes encoding members of the stress-associated protein (SAP) family. The transcriptional response to Cd was mostly reversed following Si supply. Reprogramming of the Cd response was obvious for Phytochelatin synthase 1, SAP1 , SAP14, and the transcription factor genes AP2/Erf020, Hsf31, and NAC6 whose transcript levels were strongly activated in roots of Cd-stressed rice, but down-regulated in the presence of Si. These findings, together with changes in biochemical parameters, highlight the significance of Si in growth recovery of Cd-stressed rice and indicate a decisive role for readjusting cell redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ansar Farooq
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, W5-134, Bielefeld University, University Street 25, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Amelie Detterbeck
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, University Street 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, University Street 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, W5-134, Bielefeld University, University Street 25, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
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511
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Bonet A, Lelu-Walter MA, Faugeron C, Gloaguen V, Saladin G. Physiological responses of the hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry) to cadmium exposure and distribution of cadmium in plantlets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8617-8626. [PMID: 26797952 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction of Cd is a growing biotechnology although we currently know few Cd hyperaccumulators, i.e., plant species able to accumulate at least 0.1 mg Cd g(-1) dry weight in aerial organs. Owing their deep root system and high biomass, trees are more and more preferred to herbaceous species for phytoextraction. Assuming that conifers could be relevant models under cold climates, we investigated cadmium tolerance of the hybrid larch Larix × eurolepis Henry (Larix decidua × Larix kaempferi) and the efficiency of this species to store this metal. In vitro grown larches were chosen in order to reduce time of exposure and to more rapidly evaluate their potential efficiency to accumulate Cd. One-month-old plantlets were exposed for 2 and 4 weeks to 250 and 500 μM Cd. Results showed that they tolerated a 4-week exposure to 250 μM Cd, whereas the content of photosynthetic pigment strongly dropped in plantlets growing in the presence of 500 μM Cd. In the presence of 250 μM Cd, shoot growth slightly decreased but photosynthetic pigment and total soluble carbohydrate contents were not modified and no lipid peroxidation was detected. In addition, these plantlets accumulated proline, particularly in shoots (two to three times more than control). In roots, Cd concentration in the intracellular fraction was always higher than in the cell wall fraction contrary to shoots where Cd concentration in the cell wall fraction increased with time and Cd concentration in the medium. In shoots, Cd concentration was lower than in roots with a ratio of 0.2 after 4 weeks of exposure but stayed around 0.2 mg g(-1) dry weight, thus a value higher than the threshold requested for Cd hyperaccumulators. Hybrid larch would thus be a relevant candidate for field test of Cd phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Bonet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (LCSN EA 1069), Université de Limoges, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter
- INRA, UR 0588 Unité Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de pin CS 4001, Ardon, 45075, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Céline Faugeron
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (LCSN EA 1069), Université de Limoges, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Gloaguen
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (LCSN EA 1069), Université de Limoges, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Gaëlle Saladin
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (LCSN EA 1069), Université de Limoges, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France.
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512
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Sharma SS, Dietz KJ, Mimura T. Vacuolar compartmentalization as indispensable component of heavy metal detoxification in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1112-26. [PMID: 26729300 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells orchestrate an array of molecular mechanisms for maintaining plasmatic concentrations of essential heavy metal (HM) ions, for example, iron, zinc and copper, within the optimal functional range. In parallel, concentrations of non-essential HMs and metalloids, for example, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, should be kept below their toxicity threshold levels. Vacuolar compartmentalization is central to HM homeostasis. It depends on two vacuolar pumps (V-ATPase and V-PPase) and a set of tonoplast transporters, which are directly driven by proton motive force, and primary ATP-dependent pumps. While HM non-hyperaccumulator plants largely sequester toxic HMs in root vacuoles, HM hyperaccumulators usually sequester them in leaf cell vacuoles following efficient long-distance translocation. The distinct strategies evolved as a consequence of organ-specific differences particularly in vacuolar transporters and in addition to distinct features in long-distance transport. Recent molecular and functional characterization of tonoplast HM transporters has advanced our understanding of their contribution to HM homeostasis, tolerance and hyperaccumulation. Another important part of the dynamic vacuolar sequestration syndrome involves enhanced vacuolation. It involves vesicular trafficking in HM detoxification. The present review provides an updated account of molecular aspects that contribute to the vacuolar compartmentalization of HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti S Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171005, India
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuro Mimura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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513
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Khan M, Daud MK, Basharat A, Khan MJ, Azizullah A, Muhammad N, Muhammad N, Ur Rehman Z, Zhu SJ. Alleviation of lead-induced physiological, metabolic, and ultramorphological changes in leaves of upland cotton through glutathione. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8431-40. [PMID: 26782322 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants face changes in leaves under lead (Pb) toxicity. Reduced glutathione (GSH) has several functions in plant metabolism, but its role in alleviating Pb toxicity in cotton leaves is still unknown. In the present study, cotton seedlings (28 days old) were exposed to 500 μM Pb and 50 μM GSH, both alone and in combination, for a period of 10 days, in the Hoagland solution under controlled growth conditions. Results revealed Pb-induced changes in cotton's leaf morphology, photosynthesis, and oxidative metabolism. However, exogenous application of GSH restored leaf growth. GSH triggered build up of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents and boosted fluorescence ratios (F v/F m and F v/F 0). Moreover, GSH reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and Pb contents in cotton leaves. Results further revealed that total soluble protein contents were decreased under Pb toxicity; however, exogenously applied GSH improved these contents in cotton leaves. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) were also increased by GSH application under Pb toxicity. Microscopic analysis showed that excess Pb shattered thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts. However, GSH stabilized ultrastructure of Pb-stressed cotton leaves. These findings suggested that exogenously applied GSH lessened the adverse effects of Pb and improved cotton's tolerance to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Khan
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - M K Daud
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ali Basharat
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Jamil Khan
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Azizullah Azizullah
- Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Muhammad
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Noor Muhammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Shui Jin Zhu
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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514
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Xu Y, Wang J, Liang X, Gao Y, Chen W, Huang Q, Liang C, Tang L, Ouyang G, Yang X. Urine metabolomics of women from small villages exposed to high environmental cadmium levels. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:1268-75. [PMID: 26450519 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify urine metabolites in women exposed to high cadmium (Cd) levels. Twenty-one women exposed to environmental Cd and 12 age-matched controls were categorized as high exposure (urine Cd ≥ 15 μg/g creatinine; n = 9) or low exposure (15 μg/g creatinine > urine Cd > 5 μg/g creatinine; n = 12). Low-molecular weight metabolites in urine were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry after derivatization. An orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis model was constructed, and metabolites from the dimensional model were selected according to the variable importance in projection (>1). Metabolites differing significantly in abundance between different exposure groups were identified by searching mass spectral databases, and related pathways were analyzed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Approximately 110 significantly different metabolites were detected with variable importance in projection > 1, and 48 of them were found to differ markedly in abundance among the 3 groups. Twenty-seven matched with known metabolites, including 22 significantly increased and 5 markedly decreased in the high-exposure group (p < 0.01). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results indicated that carbohydrate, amino acid, bone, and intestinal flora metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were affected by Cd exposure. The present study identified metabolites that differed in abundance in response to Cd exposure. Further studies may connect these biomarkers to early damage caused by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuxia Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wencai Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunsui Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liuying Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Maternity and Child Care Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
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515
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Clemens S, Ma JF. Toxic Heavy Metal and Metalloid Accumulation in Crop Plants and Foods. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 67:489-512. [PMID: 27128467 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-112301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 528] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury are toxic elements that are almost ubiquitously present at low levels in the environment because of anthropogenic influences. Dietary intake of plant-derived food represents a major fraction of potentially health-threatening human exposure, especially to arsenic and cadmium. In the interest of better food safety, it is important to reduce toxic element accumulation in crops. A molecular understanding of the pathways responsible for this accumulation can enable the development of crop varieties with strongly reduced concentrations of toxic elements in their edible parts. Such understanding is rapidly progressing for arsenic and cadmium but is in its infancy for lead and mercury. Basic discoveries have been made in Arabidopsis, rice, and other models, and most advances in crops have been made in rice. Proteins mediating the uptake of arsenic and cadmium have been identified, and the speciation and biotransformations of arsenic are now understood. Factors controlling the efficiency of root-to-shoot translocation and the partitioning of toxic elements through the rice node have also been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan;
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516
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Roy SK, Kwon SJ, Cho SW, Kamal AHM, Kim SW, Sarker K, Oh MW, Lee MS, Chung KY, Xin Z, Woo SH. Leaf proteome characterization in the context of physiological and morphological changes in response to copper stress in sorghum. Biometals 2016; 29:495-513. [PMID: 27067443 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9932-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient required for normal growth and development of plants; however, at elevated concentrations in soil, copper is also generally considered to be one of the most toxic metals to plant cells due to its inhibitory effects against many physiological and biochemical processes. In spite of its potential physiological and economical significance, molecular mechanisms under Cu stress has so far been grossly overlooked in sorghum. To explore the molecular alterations that occur in response to copper stress, the present study was performed in ten-day-old Cu-exposed leaves of sorghum seedlings. The growth characteristics were markedly inhibited, and ionic alterations were prominently observed in the leaves when the seedlings were exposed to different concentrations (0, 100, and 150 µM) of CuSO4. Using two-dimensional gels with silver staining, 643 differentially expressed protein spots (≥1.5-fold) were identified as either significantly increased or reduced in abundance. Of these spots, a total of 24 protein spots (≥1.5-fold) from Cu-exposed sorghum leaves were successfully analyzed by MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry. Of the 24 differentially expressed proteins from Cu-exposed sorghum leaves, 13 proteins were up-regulated, and 11 proteins were down-regulated. The abundance of most identified protein species, which function in carbohydrate metabolism, stress defense and protein translation, was significantly enhanced, while that of another protein species involved in energy metabolism, photosynthesis and growth and development were severely reduced. The resulting differences in protein expression patterns together with related morpho-physiological processes suggested that these results could help to elucidate plant adaptation to Cu stress and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of Cu responses in C4 plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Roy
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Kwon
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea
| | - Seong-Woo Cho
- Division of Crop Breeding Research, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-Gun, Korea
| | - Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea
| | - Kabita Sarker
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea
| | - Myeong-Won Oh
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Moon-Soon Lee
- Department of Industrial Plant Science & Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Korea
| | - Keun-Yook Chung
- Department of Environmental & Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhanguo Xin
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sun-Hee Woo
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea.
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517
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Koch
- Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University 101 Life Sciences Hall Auburn AL 36830 USA
| | - Geoffrey E. Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University 101 Life Sciences Hall Auburn AL 36830 USA
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518
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Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Moth Bean (Vigna aconitifolia L.) under Cadmium Stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/6403938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia L.), a drought resistant legume, possesses high nutritional value. Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential and the most toxic heavy metal in plants. The present study was to test the hypothesis of whether moth bean being a drought resistant legume can withstand the cadmium stress. Ten-day-old moth bean seedlings were subjected to cadmium stress and investigated for a period of 15 days every 3-day intervals. Cadmium quantification in moth bean tissues suggests root accumulation and translocation to aerial parts in a concentration dependent manner. Results of physiological and biochemical studies revealed that cadmium has affected the growth parameters like shoot and root lengths and tissue dry weights. Significant alternations in relative water content and cell membrane stability were observed in stressed seedlings. Similarly superoxide radical, lipoxygenase activity, membrane lipid peroxidation products, protein carbonyls, and reduced glutathione and nonprotein thiols were found increased in stressed seedlings compared to controls. However, hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid levels were not altered significantly in both stressed and control seedlings. Cadmium translocation ability from roots to aerial parts and elevated levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants in stressed seedlings suggest the cadmium stress withstanding ability of moth bean.
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519
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Mustafa G, Komatsu S. Toxicity of heavy metals and metal-containing nanoparticles on plants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:932-44. [PMID: 26940747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plants are under the continual threat of changing climatic conditions that are associated with various types of abiotic stresses. In particular, heavy metal contamination is a major environmental concern that restricts plant growth. Plants absorb heavy metals along with essential elements from the soil and have evolved different strategies to cope with the accumulation of heavy metals. The use of proteomic techniques is an effective approach to investigate and identify the biological mechanisms and pathways affected by heavy metals and metal-containing nanoparticles. The present review focuses on recent advances and summarizes the results from proteomic studies aimed at understanding the response mechanisms of plants under heavy metal and metal-containing nanoparticle stress. Transport of heavy metal ions is regulated through the cell wall and plasma membrane and then sequestered in the vacuole. In addition, the role of different metal chelators involved in the detoxification and sequestration of heavy metals is critically reviewed, and changes in protein profiles of plants exposed to metal-containing nanoparticles are discussed in detail. Finally, strategies for gaining new insights into plant tolerance mechanisms to heavy metal and metal-containing nanoparticle stress are presented. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Proteomics--a bridge between fundamental processes and crop production, edited by Dr. Hans-Peter Mock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Mustafa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan.
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520
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Zanella L, Fattorini L, Brunetti P, Roccotiello E, Cornara L, D'Angeli S, Della Rovere F, Cardarelli M, Barbieri M, Sanità di Toppi L, Degola F, Lindberg S, Altamura MM, Falasca G. Overexpression of AtPCS1 in tobacco increases arsenic and arsenic plus cadmium accumulation and detoxification. PLANTA 2016; 243:605-22. [PMID: 26563149 PMCID: PMC4757632 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The heterologous expression of AtPCS1 in tobacco plants exposed to arsenic plus cadmium enhances phytochelatin levels, root As/Cd accumulation and pollutants detoxification, but does not prevent root cyto-histological damages. High phytochelatin (PC) levels may be involved in accumulation and detoxification of both cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in numerous plants. Although polluted environments are frequently characterized by As and Cd coexistence, how increased PC levels affect the adaptation of the entire plant and the response of its cells/tissues to a combined contamination by As and Cd needs investigation. Consequently, we analyzed tobacco seedlings overexpressing Arabidopsis phytochelatin synthase1 gene (AtPCS1) exposed to As and/or Cd, to evaluate the levels of PCs and As/Cd, the cyto-histological modifications of the roots and the Cd/As leaf extrusion ability. When exposed to As and/or Cd the plants overexpressing AtPCS1 showed higher PC levels, As plus Cd root accumulation, and detoxification ability than the non-overexpressing plants, but a blocked Cd-extrusion from the leaf trichomes. In all genotypes, As, and Cd in particular, damaged lateral root apices, enhancing cell-vacuolization, causing thinning and stretching of endodermis initial cells. Alterations also occurred in the primary structure region of the lateral roots, i.e., cell wall lignification in the external cortex, cell hypertrophy in the inner cortex, crushing of endodermis and stele, and nuclear hypertrophy. Altogether, As and/or Cd caused damage to the lateral roots (and not to the primary one), with such damage not counteracted by AtPCS1 overexpression. The latter, however, positively affected accumulation and detoxification to both pollutants, highlighting that Cd/As accumulation and detoxification due to PCS1 activity do not reduce the cyto-histological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Zanella
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brunetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie Charles Darwin, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Roccotiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Polo Botanico Hanbury, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Cornara
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Polo Botanico Hanbury, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone D'Angeli
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maura Cardarelli
- Istituto di Biologia Medicina Molecolare e Nanobiotecnologie Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Barbieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Sylvia Lindberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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521
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Yin A, Yang Z, Ebbs S, Yuan J, Wang J, Yang J. Effects of phosphorus on chemical forms of Cd in plants of four spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cultivars differing in Cd accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5753-5762. [PMID: 26585453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5813-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to clarify how cadmium (Cd) chemical forms in planta relate to the genotype difference in Cd accumulation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), two low-Cd and two high-Cd cultivars were compared under a hydroponic experiment with two concentrations of Cd (8.98 or 44.71 μmol Cd L(-1)). The concentrations of phosphorus in the hydroponic system were also adjusted to two levels (0.5 and 1.0 mmol L(-1)) to investigate the influence of phosphorus on the forms and accumulation of Cd in the tested cultivars. Average Cd concentrations in shoots were 8.50-10.06 mg kg(-1) for high-Cd cultivars and 6.11-6.64 mg kg(-1) for low-Cd cultivars a under lower Cd treatment and were as high as 24.41-31.35 mg kg(-1) and 19.65-25.76 mg kg(-1), respectively, under a higher treatment. Phosphorus significantly decreased Cd accumulation in the tested cultivars, and the effect had superiority over the cultivar alternation under higher Cd stress. Cadmium in the NaCl-extractable fraction of the plant tissues showed the greatest relationship to genotype difference of Cd accumulation. The difference in the capacity to binding Cd into F HAc, F HCl, or F Residue was another important mechanism involving in the genotype difference in Cd accumulation of spinach. Among them, average proportion of Cd in F HAc in low-Cd cultivars was higher than that in high-Cd cultivars in association with the effect of phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
- School of Environmental Biological Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Stephen Ebbs
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, 420 Life Science II, Southern Illinois University, 1125 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Jiangang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- Huizhou University, Huizhou, 516007, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
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522
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Roy SK, Cho SW, Kwon SJ, Kamal AHM, Kim SW, Oh MW, Lee MS, Chung KY, Xin Z, Woo SH. Morpho-Physiological and Proteome Level Responses to Cadmium Stress in Sorghum. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150431. [PMID: 26919231 PMCID: PMC4769174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) stress may cause serious morphological and physiological abnormalities in addition to altering the proteome in plants. The present study was performed to explore Cd-induced morpho-physiological alterations and their potential associated mechanisms in Sorghum bicolor leaves at the protein level. Ten-day-old sorghum seedlings were exposed to different concentrations (0, 100, and 150 μM) of CdCl2, and different morpho-physiological responses were recorded. The effects of Cd exposure on protein expression patterns in S. bicolor were investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in samples derived from the leaves of both control and Cd-treated seedlings. The observed morphological changes revealed that the plants treated with Cd displayed dramatically altered shoot lengths, fresh weights and relative water content. In addition, the concentration of Cd was markedly increased by treatment with Cd, and the amount of Cd taken up by the shoots was significantly and directly correlated with the applied concentration of Cd. Using the 2-DE method, a total of 33 differentially expressed protein spots were analyzed using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. Of these, treatment with Cd resulted in significant increases in 15 proteins and decreases in 18 proteins. Major changes were absorbed in the levels of proteins known to be involved in carbohydrate metabolism, transcriptional regulation, translation and stress responses. Proteomic results revealed that Cd stress had an inhibitory effect on carbon fixation, ATP production and the regulation of protein synthesis. Our study provides insights into the integrated molecular mechanisms involved in responses to Cd and the effects of Cd on the growth and physiological characteristics of sorghum seedlings. We have aimed to provide a reference describing the mechanisms involved in heavy metal damage to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Roy
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Korea
| | - Seong-Woo Cho
- Division of Rice Research, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Kwon
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Korea
| | - Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Korea
| | - Myeong-Won Oh
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Moon-Soon Lee
- Department of Industrial Plant Science & Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Korea
| | - Keun-Yook Chung
- Department of Environmental & Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhanguo Xin
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Sun-Hee Woo
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Korea
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523
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Stability of the Inherent Target Metallome in Seed Crops and a Mushroom Grown on Soils of Extreme Mineral Spans. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy6010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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524
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Wang HY, Wen SL, Chen P, Zhang L, Cen K, Sun GX. Mitigation of cadmium and arsenic in rice grain by applying different silicon fertilizers in contaminated fields. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:3781-3788. [PMID: 26498817 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A field experiment was established to support the hypothesis that application of different silicon (Si) fertilizers can simultaneously reduce cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) concentration in rice grain. The "semi-finished product of Si-potash fertilizer" treatment at the high application of 9000 kg/ha (NP+S-KSi9000) significantly reduced the As concentration in rice grain by up to 20.1%, compared with the control. Si fertilization reduces the Cd concentration in rice considerably more than the As concentration. All Si fertilizers apart from sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3) exhibited a high ability to reduce Cd concentration in rice grain. The Si-calcium (CaSi) fertilizer is the most effective in the mitigation of Cd concentration in rice grain. The CaSi fertilizer applied at 9000 kg/ha (NPK+CaSi9000) and 900 kg/ha (NPK+CaSi900) reduced the Cd concentration in rice grain about 71.5 and 48.0%, respectively, while the Si-potash fertilizer at 900 kg/ha (NP+KSi900), the semi-finished product of Si-potash fertilizer at both 900 kg/ha (NP+S-KSi900) and 9000 kg/ha (NP+S-KSi9000), and the rice straw (NPK+RS) treatments reduced the Cd concentration in rice grain about 42, 26.5, 40.7, and 23.1%, respectively. The results of this investigation demonstrated the potential effects of Si fertilizers in reducing Cd and As concentrations in rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Wang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Shi-Lin Wen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kuang Cen
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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525
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Chen D, Guo H, Li R, Li L, Pan G, Chang A, Joseph S. Low uptake affinity cultivars with biochar to tackle Cd-tainted rice--A field study over four rice seasons in Hunan, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 541:1489-1498. [PMID: 26490528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is becoming an environmentally friendly material for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils and improving food safety. A field trial over four rice seasons was conducted to investigate the use of biochar and low Cd accumulating cultivars on Cd uptake in a heavy metal contaminated soil. Wheat straw derived biochar was applied at 0, 20 and 40 t ha(-1). Two rice cultivars with differing Cd accumulation abilities were selected in each season. The results showed that both biochar and low Cd affinity cultivars significantly reduced rice grain Cd accumulation. Biochar had no significant effect the first season but thereafter consistently reduced rice grain Cd by a maximum of 61, 86 and 57% over the next three seasons. Zn accumulation in the rice grains was not decreased by biochar application, although available soil Zn was sharply reduced (35-91%). Indica conventional rice cultivars had much lower Cd, but higher Zn and lower Cd/Zn ratios in the grain than indica hybrid cultivars. Biochar was more effective for mitigating grain Cd accumulation in low Cd affinity cultivars than in high affinity cultivars. Soil pH was sustainably increased (up to nearly 1 unit) while available Cd significantly decreased by a maximum of 85% after biochar addition. The translocation of Cd from rice roots to shoots was reduced from 20 to 80% by biochar. Low uptake affinity cultivars combined with biochar reduced late rice grain Cd concentration and Cd/Zn ratios by 69-80% and 72-80%, respectively. It indicated that the management of combining biochar and low Cd affinity cultivars should be an efficient way to remediate Cd contaminated rice paddies and reduce health risk associated with consuming rice from these soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Chen
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hu Guo
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruiyue Li
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Genxing Pan
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Andrew Chang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Stephen Joseph
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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526
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Leonardo T, Farhi E, Pouget S, Motellier S, Boisson AM, Banerjee D, Rébeillé F, den Auwer C, Rivasseau C. Silver Accumulation in the Green Microalga Coccomyxa actinabiotis: Toxicity, in Situ Speciation, and Localization Investigated Using Synchrotron XAS, XRD, and TEM. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:359-367. [PMID: 26606242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are good candidates for toxic metal remediation biotechnologies. This study explores the cellular processes implemented by the green microalga Coccomyxa actinabiotis to take up and cope with silver over the concentration range of 10(-7) to 10(-2) M Ag(+). Understanding these processes enables us to assess the potential of this microalga for applications for bioremediation. Silver in situ speciation and localization were investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Silver toxicity was evaluated by monitoring microalgal growth and photochemical parameters. Different accumulation mechanisms were brought out depending on silver concentration. At low micromolar concentration, microalgae fixed all silver initially present in solution, trapping it inside the cells into the cytosol, mainly as unreduced Ag(I) bound with molecules containing sulfur. Silver was efficiently detoxified. When concentration increased, silver spread throughout the cell and particularly entered the chloroplast, where it damaged the photosystem. Most silver was reduced to Ag(0) and aggregated to form crystalline silver nanoparticles of face-centered cubic structure with a mean size of 10 nm. An additional minor interaction of silver with molecules containing sulfur indicated the concomitant existence of the mechanism observed at low concentration or nanoparticle capping. Nanoparticles were observed in chloroplasts, in mitochondria, on the plasma membrane, on cytosolic membrane structures, and in vacuoles. Above 10(-4) M Ag(+), damages were irreversible, and photosynthesis and growth were definitely inhibited. However, high silver amounts remained confined inside microalgae, showing their potential for the bioremediation of contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Leonardo
- CEA, DSV, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5168 , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- INRA , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 rue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel Farhi
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 rue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphanie Pouget
- CEA, Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Motellier
- CEA, DRT, LITEN, Laboratoire de Nanocaractérisation et Nanosécurité , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Marie Boisson
- CEA, DSV, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5168 , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- INRA , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Dipanjan Banerjee
- Dutch-Belgian Beamline (DUBBLE), ESRF - European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220 , 71 rue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Fabrice Rébeillé
- CEA, DSV, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5168 , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- INRA , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe den Auwer
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR7272, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis , 06108 Nice, France
| | - Corinne Rivasseau
- CEA, DSV, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UMR5168 , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- INRA , 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
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527
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Gil-Díaz M, González A, Alonso J, Lobo MC. Evaluation of the stability of a nanoremediation strategy using barley plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 165:150-158. [PMID: 26431642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of nZVI in reducing the availability of Cd, Cr or Zn in polluted soils. The influence of this nanoremediation process on the development of barley plants as well as its impact on soil properties and the stability of the metal immobilization afterwards were also evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. The application of nZVI reduced the availability of these metals in the soil, but the effectiveness of the immobilization and its stability depended on the metal chemical characteristics. Cadmium distribution in soil fractions showed an important change after the barley crop, favoring the immobilization of Cd in RS fraction for both nZVI-treated and untreated soils. The Cr immobilization was stable over the time studied and the doses of Cr were lethal for the barley plants. In contrast, the decrease of Cr availability reached after the nZVI treatment induced a reduction of soil phytotoxicity and an improvement in the development of the plants, which were able to complete their growing period. The Zn immobilization with nZVI was stable over time, but its effectiveness was moderate, and the growth of barley plants was poorer than that observed in the cases of Cd and Cr. Thus the best results of metal immobilization with nZVI were obtained for Cr-polluted soils. There was no overall increase of Fe in barley plants from nZVI-treated soils. In relation to the soil, no negative effects on its physico-chemical properties were observed after the time exposure with nZVI. Taking into account these results we can conclude that the use of nZVI is a promising remediation strategy, and its effectiveness would be conditioned to the soil properties and the bioavailable metal concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gil-Díaz
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A González
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Alonso
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M C Lobo
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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528
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Zhu W, Zuo R, Zhou R, Huang J, Tang M, Cheng X, Liu Y, Tong C, Xiang Y, Dong C, Liu S. Vacuolar Iron Transporter BnMEB2 Is Involved in Enhancing Iron Tolerance of Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1353. [PMID: 27679642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls201601353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Iron toxicity is a nutrient disorder that severely affects crop development and yield in some soil conditions. Vacuolar detoxification of metal stress is an important strategy for plants to survive and adapt to this adverse environment. Vacuolar iron transporter (VIT) members are involved in this process and play essential roles in iron storage and transport. In this study, we identified a rapeseed VIT gene BnMEB2 (BnaC07g30170D) homologs to Arabidopsis MEB2 (At5g24290). Transient expression analysis revealed that BnMEB2 was localized to the vacuolar membrane. Q-PCR detection showed a high expression of BnMEB2 in mature (60-day-old) leaves and could be obviously induced by exogenous iron stress in both roots and leaves. Over-expressed BnMEB2 in both Arabidopsis wild type and meb2 mutant seedlings resulted in greatly improved iron tolerability with no significant changes in the expression level of other VIT genes. The mutant meb2 grew slowly and its root hair elongation was inhibited under high iron concentration condition while BnMEB2 over-expressed transgenic plants of the mutant restored the phenotypes with apparently higher iron storage in roots and dramatically increased iron content in the whole plant. Taken together, these results suggested that BnMEB2 was a VIT gene in rapeseed which was necessary for safe storage and vacuole detoxification function of excess iron to enhance the tolerance of iron toxicity. This research sheds light on a potentially new strategy for attenuating hazardous metal stress from environment and improving iron biofortification in Brassicaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Rongfang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Junyan Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Minqiang Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guiyang, China
| | - Caihua Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
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529
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Li P, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang X, Wang J, Wang F, Bi Y. Calcium alleviates cadmium-induced inhibition on root growth by maintaining auxin homeostasis in Arabidopsis seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:185-200. [PMID: 25837011 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0810-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity has been widely studied in different plant species. However, the mechanism involved in its toxicity and the cell response to Cd has not been well established. In the present study, we investigated the possible mechanism of calcium (Ca) in protecting Arabidopsis from Cd toxicity. The results showed that 50 μM Cd significantly inhibited the seedling growth and decreased the chlorophyll content in Arabidopsis. Specifically, the primary root (PR) length was decreased but the lateral root (LR) number was increased under Cd stress. Furthermore, Cd enhanced the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. Cd also altered the level and the distribution of auxin in PR tips (as evidenced by DR5::GUS and PIN:GFP reporter expression) and the expression of several putative auxin biosynthetic, catabolic, and transport pathway-related genes. Application of 3 mM Ca alleviated the inhibition of Cd on the root growth. Ca application not only led to reducing oxidative injuries but also restoring the normal auxin transport and distribution in Arabidopsis root under Cd stress. Taken together, these results suggest that Ca alleviates the root growth inhibition caused by Cd through maintaining auxin homeostasis in Arabidopsis seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhou Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yurong Bi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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530
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Lavoie M, Raven JA, Jones OAH, Qian H. Energy cost of intracellular metal and metalloid detoxification in wild-type eukaryotic phytoplankton. Metallomics 2016; 8:1097-1109. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00049e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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531
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Chen B, Stein AF, Castell N, Gonzalez-Castanedo Y, Sanchez de la Campa AM, de la Rosa JD. Modeling and evaluation of urban pollution events of atmospheric heavy metals from a large Cu-smelter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 539:17-25. [PMID: 26352643 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal smelting and processing are highly polluting activities that have a strong influence on the levels of heavy metals in air, soil, and crops. We employ an atmospheric transport and dispersion model to predict the pollution levels originated from the second largest Cu-smelter in Europe. The model predicts that the concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in an urban area close to the Cu-smelter can reach 170, 70, and 30 ng m−3, respectively. The model captures all the observed urban pollution events, but the magnitude of the elemental concentrations is predicted to be lower than that of the observed values; ~300, ~500, and ~100 ng m−3 for Cu, Zn, and As, respectively. The comparison between model and observations showed an average correlation coefficient of 0.62 ± 0.13. The simulation shows that the transport of heavy metals reaches a peak in the afternoon over the urban area. The under-prediction in the peak is explained by the simulated stronger winds compared with monitoring data. The stronger simulated winds enhance the transport and dispersion of heavy metals to the regional area, diminishing the impact of pollution events in the urban area. This model, driven by high resolution meteorology (2 km in horizontal), predicts the hourly-interval evolutions of atmospheric heavy metal pollutions in the close by urban area of industrial hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Associate Unit CSIC-University of Huelva "Atmospheric Pollution", University of Huelva, E21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ariel F Stein
- NOAA's Air Resources Laboratory, College Park, Maryland, USA.
| | - Nuria Castell
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2007 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Yolanda Gonzalez-Castanedo
- Associate Unit CSIC-University of Huelva "Atmospheric Pollution", University of Huelva, E21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - A M Sanchez de la Campa
- Associate Unit CSIC-University of Huelva "Atmospheric Pollution", University of Huelva, E21071 Huelva, Spain; Department of Mining, Mechanic and Energetic Engineering, ETSI, University of Huelva, E21819 La Rábida, Spain
| | - J D de la Rosa
- Associate Unit CSIC-University of Huelva "Atmospheric Pollution", University of Huelva, E21071 Huelva, Spain; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CEIA3, Spain; Campus of International Excellence of the Sea CEIMAR, Spain
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532
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Zhu W, Zuo R, Zhou R, Huang J, Tang M, Cheng X, Liu Y, Tong C, Xiang Y, Dong C, Liu S. Vacuolar Iron Transporter BnMEB2 Is Involved in Enhancing Iron Tolerance of Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1353. [PMID: 27679642 PMCID: PMC5020681 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron toxicity is a nutrient disorder that severely affects crop development and yield in some soil conditions. Vacuolar detoxification of metal stress is an important strategy for plants to survive and adapt to this adverse environment. Vacuolar iron transporter (VIT) members are involved in this process and play essential roles in iron storage and transport. In this study, we identified a rapeseed VIT gene BnMEB2 (BnaC07g30170D) homologs to Arabidopsis MEB2 (At5g24290). Transient expression analysis revealed that BnMEB2 was localized to the vacuolar membrane. Q-PCR detection showed a high expression of BnMEB2 in mature (60-day-old) leaves and could be obviously induced by exogenous iron stress in both roots and leaves. Over-expressed BnMEB2 in both Arabidopsis wild type and meb2 mutant seedlings resulted in greatly improved iron tolerability with no significant changes in the expression level of other VIT genes. The mutant meb2 grew slowly and its root hair elongation was inhibited under high iron concentration condition while BnMEB2 over-expressed transgenic plants of the mutant restored the phenotypes with apparently higher iron storage in roots and dramatically increased iron content in the whole plant. Taken together, these results suggested that BnMEB2 was a VIT gene in rapeseed which was necessary for safe storage and vacuole detoxification function of excess iron to enhance the tolerance of iron toxicity. This research sheds light on a potentially new strategy for attenuating hazardous metal stress from environment and improving iron biofortification in Brassicaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Rong Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Rongfang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Junyan Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Minqiang Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang, China
| | - Caihua Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Caihua Dong,
| | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
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533
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Abstract
Heavy-metal soil contamination is one of the major abiotic stress factors that, by negatively affecting plant growth and development, severely limit agricultural productivity worldwide. Plants have evolved various tolerance and detoxification strategies in order to cope with heavy-metal toxicity while ensuring adequate supply of essential micronutrients at the whole-plant as well as cellular levels. Genetic studies in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have been instrumental in elucidating such mechanisms. The root assay constitutes a very powerful and simple method to assess heavy-metal stress tolerance in Arabidopsis seedlings. It allows the simultaneous determination of all the standard growth parameters affected by heavy-metal stress (primary root elongation, lateral root development, shoot biomass, and chlorophyll content) in a single experiment. Additionally, this protocol emphasizes the tips and tricks that become particularly useful when quantifying subtle alterations in tolerance to a given heavy-metal stress, when simultaneously pursuing a large number of plant lines, or when testing sensitivity to a wide range of heavy metals for a single line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Remy
- Plant Molecular Biology, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula Duque
- Plant Molecular Biology, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal.
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534
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Župunski M, Borišev M, Orlović S, Arsenov D, Nikolić N, Pilipović A, Pajević S. Hydroponic screening of black locust families for heavy metal tolerance and accumulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:583-591. [PMID: 26332106 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1086302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Present work examines phytoextraction potential of four black locust families (half-sibs 54, 56, 115, and 135) grown hydroponically. Plants were treated with 6 ppm of cadmium (Cd), 100 ppm of nickel (Ni), and 40 ppm of lead (Pb) added in Hoagland nutrient solution, accompanying with simultaneously applied all three metals. Responses to metals exposure among families were different, ranging from severe to slight reduction of root and shoot biomass production of treated plants. Calculated tolerance indices are indicating tested families as highly tolerant (Ti > 60). Family 135 had the lowest tolerance index, pointing that it was highly susceptible to applied metals. Comparing photosynthetic activities of tested families it has been noticed that they were highly sensitive to stress induced by heavy metals. Net photosynthetic rate of nickel treated plants was the most affected by applied concentration. Cadmium and nickel concentrations in stems and leaves of black locust families exceeded 100 mg Cd kg(-1) and 1000 mg Ni kg(-1), in both single and multipollution context. On the contrary, accumulation of lead in above ground biomass was highly affected by multipollution treatment. Tf and BCF significantly varied between investigated treatments and families of black locust. Concerning obtained results of heavy metals accumulation and tolerance of black locust families can be concluded that tested families might be a promising tool for phytoextraction purposes, but it takes to be further confirmed in field trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Župunski
- a University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences , Department for Biology and Ecology , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Milan Borišev
- a University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences , Department for Biology and Ecology , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Saša Orlović
- b University of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Danijela Arsenov
- a University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences , Department for Biology and Ecology , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Nataša Nikolić
- a University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences , Department for Biology and Ecology , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Andrej Pilipović
- b University of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Pajević
- a University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences , Department for Biology and Ecology , Novi Sad , Serbia
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535
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Xiao K, Liu H, Dong S, Fan X, Chen Y, Xu H. Interfacial effect of Stropharia rugoso-annulata in liquid medium: interaction of exudates and nickel-quintozene. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the accumulation of Ni and dissipation of PCNB by the mycelia ofS. rugoo-annulata, together with the correlation between cell exudates and contaminants removal in liquid medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Hongying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shunwen Dong
- Industrial Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xinzou Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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536
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Melato FA, Mokgalaka NS, McCrindle RI. Adaptation and detoxification mechanisms of Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) growing on gold mine tailings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:509-520. [PMID: 26588814 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1115963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) was investigated for its potential use in the rehabilitation of gold mine tailings, its ability to extract and accumulate toxic metals from the tailings and its metal tolerant strategies. Vetiver grass was grown on gold mine tailings soil, in a hothouse, and monitored for sixteen weeks. The mine tailings were highly acidic and had high electrical conductivity. Vetiver grass was able to grow and adapt well on gold mine tailings. The results showed that Vetiver grass accumulated large amounts of metals in the roots and restricted their translocation to the shoots. This was confirmed by the bioconcentration factor of Zn, Cu, and Ni of >1 and the translocation factor of <1 for all the metals. This study revealed the defense mechanisms employed by Vetiver grass against metal stress that include: chelation of toxic metals by phenolics, glutathione S-tranferase, and low molecular weight thiols; sequestration and accumulation of metals within the cell wall that was revealed by the scanning electron microscopy that showed closure of stomata and thickened cell wall and was confirmed by high content of cell wall bound phenolics. Metal induced reactive oxygen species are reduced or eliminated by catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase dismutase.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Melato
- a Tshwane University of Technology , Department of Chemistry , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - N S Mokgalaka
- a Tshwane University of Technology , Department of Chemistry , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - R I McCrindle
- a Tshwane University of Technology , Department of Chemistry , Pretoria , South Africa
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537
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Adediran GA, Ngwenya BT, Mosselmans JFW, Heal KV. Bacteria-zinc co-localization implicates enhanced synthesis of cysteine-rich peptides in zinc detoxification when Brassica juncea is inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 209:280-93. [PMID: 26263508 PMCID: PMC4676334 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Some plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are enigmatic in enhancing plant growth in the face of increased metal accumulation in plants. Since most PGPB colonize the plant root epidermis, we hypothesized that PGPB confer tolerance to metals through changes in speciation at the root epidermis. We employed a novel combination of fluorophore-based confocal laser scanning microscopic imaging and synchrotron based microscopic X-ray fluorescence mapping with X-ray absorption spectroscopy to characterize bacterial localization, zinc (Zn) distribution and speciation in the roots of Brassica juncea grown in Zn contaminated media (400 mg kg(-1) Zn) with the endophytic Pseudomonas brassicacearum and rhizospheric Rhizobium leguminosarum. PGPB enhanced epidermal Zn sequestration relative to PGBP-free controls while the extent of endophytic accumulation depended on the colonization mode of each PGBP. Increased root accumulation of Zn and increased tolerance to Zn was associated predominantly with R. leguminosarum and was likely due to the coordination of Zn with cysteine-rich peptides in the root endodermis, suggesting enhanced synthesis of phytochelatins or glutathione. Our mechanistic model of enhanced Zn accumulation and detoxification in plants inoculated with R. leguminosarum has particular relevance to PGPB enhanced phytoremediation of soils contaminated through mining and oxidation of sulphur-bearing Zn minerals or engineered nanomaterials such as ZnS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gbotemi A Adediran
- School of GeoSciences, The University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH9 3JW, UK
- Author for correspondence:,
Gbotemi A. Adediran
,
Tel: +44 (0)7447945688
,
| | - Bryne T Ngwenya
- School of GeoSciences, The University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH9 3JW, UK
| | | | - Kate V Heal
- School of GeoSciences, The University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH9 3JW, UK
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538
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Abstract
Metal toxicity in plants is still a global problem for the environment, agriculture and ultimately human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Küpper
- Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- Department of Plant Biophysics & Biochemistry
- 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia
| | - Elisa Andresen
- Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- Department of Plant Biophysics & Biochemistry
- 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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539
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Callahan DL, Hare DJ, Bishop DP, Doble PA, Roessner U. Elemental imaging of leaves from the metal hyperaccumulating plant Noccaea caerulescens shows different spatial distribution of Ni, Zn and Cd. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23953b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Elemental imaging using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was performed on whole leaves of the hyperaccumulating plantNoccaea caerulescensafter treatments with either Ni, Zn or Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien L. Callahan
- Deakin University
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Geelong
- Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility
- University of Technology Sydney
- Australia
| | - David P. Bishop
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility
- University of Technology Sydney
- Australia
| | - Philip A. Doble
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility
- University of Technology Sydney
- Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- Metabolomics Australia
- School of BioSciences
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
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540
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Kabir AH, Hossain MM, Khatun MA, Mandal A, Haider SA. Role of Silicon Counteracting Cadmium Toxicity in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1117. [PMID: 27512401 PMCID: PMC4961700 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most phytotoxic elements causing an agricultural problem and human health hazards. This work investigates whether and how silicon (Si) ameliorates Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. The addition of Si in Cd-stressed plants caused significant improvement in morpho-physiological features as well as total protein and membrane stability, indicating that Si does have critical roles in Cd detoxification in Alfalfa. Furthermore, Si supplementation in Cd-stressed plants showed a significant decrease in Cd and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots compared with Cd-stressed plants, revealing that Si-mediated tolerance to Cd stress is associated with Cd inhibition in Alfalfa. Results also showed no significant changes in the expression of two metal chelators [MsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) and MsMT2 (metallothionein)] and PC (phytochelatin) accumulation, indicating that there may be no metal sequestration or change in metal sequestration following Si application under Cd stress in Alfalfa. We further performed a targeted study on the effect of Si on Fe uptake mechanisms. We observed the consistent reduction in Fe reductase activity, expression of Fe-related genes [MsIRT1 (Fe transporter), MsNramp1 (metal transporter) and OsFRO1 (ferric chelate reductase] and Fe chelators (citrate and malate) by Si application to Cd stress in roots of Alfalfa. These results support that limiting Fe uptake through the down-regulation of Fe acquisition mechanisms confers Si-mediated alleviation of Cd toxicity in Alfalfa. Finally, an increase of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities along with elevated methionine and proline subjected to Si application might play roles, at least in part, to reduce H2O2 and to provide antioxidant defense against Cd stress in Alfalfa. The study shows evidence of the effect of Si on alleviating Cd toxicity in Alfalfa and can be further extended for phytoremediation of Cd toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H. Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Ahmad H. Kabir,
| | - Mohammad M. Hossain
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Most A. Khatun
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Mandal
- System Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of SkövdeSkövde, Sweden
| | - Syed A. Haider
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
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541
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Eller F, Brix H. Influence of low calcium availability on cadmium uptake and translocation in a fast-growing shrub and a metal-accumulating herb. AOB PLANTS 2015; 8:plv143. [PMID: 26644342 PMCID: PMC4705350 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plv143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) and the toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd) are antagonistic ions competing for uptake in plants when they co-occur in soil solutions, and high Ca concentrations can reduce the uptake of Cd in plants. However, less is known about the effects of low Ca bioavailability on Cd uptake and translocation in plants. We hypothesized that low Ca availability would enhance Cd uptake and translocation in Sesbania sesban, a fast-growing shrub potentially useful for Cd removal from contaminated soils, and Brassica juncea, a well-known Cd-hyperaccumulator. The two species were grown under controlled conditions for 21 days in hydroponic nutrient solutions with either 0.2 or 2 mM Ca and 0 or 50 µM Cd in a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design. Both species had a lower relative growth rate, final root length and shoot and root biomasses at 50 µM Cd compared with growth without Cd. The negative effects of Cd on both species were exacerbated at low Ca availability. Brassica juncea had higher root Cd concentrations than S. sesban, but the shoot Cd concentrations did not differ between the two species. The low Ca concentration enhanced the uptake of Cd in the roots of both species, but Cd translocation to the shoots was low, especially at 0.2 mM Ca. We conclude that the low Ca concentration enhanced the uptake of Cd into roots of S. sesban and B. juncea and increased the phytotoxicity of Cd. The translocation of Cd to the shoots of the two species was, however, lower at 0.2 mM than at 2 mM Ca, implying that Cd removal from polluted soil cannot simply be increased by adjusting ion concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Eller
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark Present address: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Hamburg University, Hamburg 22609, Germany
| | - Hans Brix
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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542
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Chen Z, Zhao Y, Fan L, Xing L, Yang Y. Cadmium (Cd) Localization in Tissues of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and Its Phytoremediation Potential for Cd-Contaminated Soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 95:784-9. [PMID: 26419249 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation using economically valuable, large biomass, non-edible plants is a promising method for metal-contaminated soils. This study investigated cotton's tolerance for Cd and remediation potential through analyzing Cd bioaccumulation and localization in plant organs under different soil Cd levels. Results showed cotton presents good tolerance when soil Cd concentration ≤20.26 mg kg(-1). Cotton had good Cd accumulation ability under low soil Cd levels (<1.26 mg kg(-1)), with a TF value (the ratio of Cd concentration in stem to root) above 1. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis indicated cotton leaf transpiration played a key role in extracting soil Cd, while roots and stems were the main compartments of Cd storage. Cd complexation to other organic constituents in root and stem cell sap could be a primary detoxifying strategy. Therefore, cotton is a potential candidate for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifan Chen
- Institute of Resources and Environment, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Ye Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lidong Fan
- Institute of Resources and Environment, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Liteng Xing
- Institute of Resources and Environment, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Institute of Resources and Environment, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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543
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Qin Q, Li X, Zhuang J, Weng L, Liu W, Tai P. Long-distance transport of cadmium from roots to leaves of Solanum melongena. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:2224-2232. [PMID: 26407708 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the characteristics of cadmium (Cd) uptake by roots and translocation from roots to leaves of two eggplant species (Solanum melongena and Solanum torvum) under relatively low Cd concentrations were investigated using stable (108)Cd isotope through a number of hydroponic experiments. The uptake and translocation of (108)Cd was compared with those of (70)Zn and (15)N. The results showed more (108)Cd was loaded to the vascular channels and translocated upward to the leaves in S. melongena than in S. torvum, while the (108)Cd concentrations were significantly lower in the roots of S. melongena than in S. torvum. When the phloem and xylem were wounded by grafting treatments, the foliar (108)Cd concentrations were decreased by more than 66% regardless of the rootstock species, whereas the uptake of (108)Cd in the root was not inhibited by grafting. Similar grafting effects were observed for (70)Zn. Hence, wounding phloem and xylem by grafting disturbed the upward transport of (108)Cd and (70)Zn to the eggplant leaves. Similarly, interruption of the phloem by the girdling treatment reduced the concentrations of (108)Cd in the leaves of S. melongena by approximately 51%, though the uptake of (108)Cd by roots was not reduced by the interruption of phloem. In contrast, neither (70)Zn concentrations nor stable N isotope ratio (δ(15)N) values in the roots and leaves of S. melongena were significantly influenced by the interruption of phloem. In conclusion, the phloem played a dominant role in the long-distance transport of Cd from the root to the leaf of S. melongena, whereas the xylem was the main channel for the translocation of Zn and N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Liping Weng
- Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Peidong Tai
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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544
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Romanova TE, Shuvaeva OV. Identification of the binding forms of cadmium during accumulation by water hyacinth. CHEMICAL SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2015.1113388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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545
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Li J, Yu H, Luan Y. Meta-Analysis of the Copper, Zinc, and Cadmium Absorption Capacities of Aquatic Plants in Heavy Metal-Polluted Water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:14958-73. [PMID: 26703632 PMCID: PMC4690895 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121214959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of aquatic plants for phytoremediation is an important method for restoring polluted ecosystems. We sought to analyze the capacity of different aquatic plant species to absorb heavy metals and to summarize available relevant scientific data on this topic. We present a meta-analysis of Cu, Zn, and Cd absorption capacities of aquatic plants to provide a scientific basis for the selection of aquatic plants suitable for remediation of heavy-metal pollution. Plants from the Gramineae, Pontederiaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Typhaceae and Haloragaceae showed relatively strong abilities to absorb these metals. The ability of a particular plant species to absorb a given metal was strongly correlated with its ability to absorb the other metals. However, the absorption abilities varied with the plant organ, with the following trend: roots > stems > leaves. The pH of the water and the life habits of aquatic plants (submerged and emerged) also affect the plant's ability to absorb elements. Acidic water aids the uptake of heavy metals by plants. The correlation observed between element concentrations in plants with different aquatic life habits suggested that the enrichment mechanism is related to the surface area of the plant exposed to water. We argue that this meta-analysis would aid the selection of aquatic plants suitable for heavy-metal absorption from polluted waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Haixin Yu
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yaning Luan
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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546
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Navrátil T, Nováková K, Josypčuk B, Sokolová R, Šestáková I. Voltammetric detection of phytochelatin transported across unmodified and protoplast modified model phospholipid membranes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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547
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Liu J, Ma K, Qu L. Ecological risk assessments and context-dependence analysis of heavy metal contamination in the sediments of mangrove swamp in Leizhou Peninsula, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 100:224-230. [PMID: 26365500 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sediments in eight types of mangroves were sampled in the Leizhou Peninsula. Heavy metals were analyzed to investigate the effects on metal distribution of mangrove communities, to evaluate contamination levels, identify sources and relationships between the two. Results showed that mangrove communities have effects on most heavy metal distributions in sediments, especially in the sediment with shrub communities of Aegiceras corniculatum where the contents of many metals are highest. As, Cr and Ni were identified as metal pollutants of primary concern, while Cd was of no concern. Zn, Pb, As mainly originated from anthropogenic source while the other metals are geogenic. Heavy metal distributions were affected by the independent and joint effects of landscape and sediment context; landscape context explains more variations in heavy metals than does sediment physicochemical variables. Total sulfur, total phosphorus and total potassium in sediment, and the existence of paddy field and forest land within 2000m around the sampling sites are significant variables also.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Keming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Laiye Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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548
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Søvik E, Perry CJ, LaMora A, Barron AB, Ben-Shahar Y. Negative impact of manganese on honeybee foraging. Biol Lett 2015; 11:rsbl.2014.0989. [PMID: 25808001 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic accumulation of metals such as manganese is a well-established health risk factor for vertebrates. By contrast, the long-term impact of these contaminants on invertebrates is mostly unknown. Here, we demonstrate that manganese ingestion alters brain biogenic amine levels in honeybees and fruit flies. Furthermore, we show that manganese exposure negatively affects foraging behaviour in the honeybee, an economically important pollinator. Our findings indicate that in addition to its direct impact on human health, the common industrial contaminant manganese might also have indirect environmental and economical impacts via the modulation of neuronal and behavioural functions in economically important insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirik Søvik
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2122, Australia
| | - Clint J Perry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2122, Australia
| | - Angie LaMora
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Andrew B Barron
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2122, Australia
| | - Yehuda Ben-Shahar
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
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549
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Gong X, Yin L, Chen J, Guo C. Overexpression of the iron transporter NtPIC1 in tobacco mediates tolerance to cadmium. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:1963-73. [PMID: 26209973 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Overexpression of the iron transporter NtPIC1 increases iron concentration in shoots and reduces Cd uptake/accumulation in plants, mediating tolerance to cadmium. Cadmium (Cd) is toxic to plant cells and causes plants to display a typical iron (Fe) deficiency phenotype. NtPIC1 (Permease In Chloroplast1) is an Fe transporter protein in tobacco, required for Fe homeostasis. Based on preliminary results in transformed Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 cells, which showed that NtPIC1 expression increased Cd tolerance, this study evaluated Cd tolerance in tobacco plants overexpressing NtPIC1 (NtPIC1-OE). We show that these plants have longer roots and higher fresh weights than wild-type (WT) plants after Cd exposure. Under Cd stress, WT plants display more chlorosis, stronger growth inhibition, and lower chlorophyll concentrations than NtPIC1-OE plants. Importantly, NtPIC1-OE plants had higher Fe concentrations in shoots and lower Fe concentrations in roots, and Cd concentrations in NtPIC1-OE plants were significantly lower compared to those in WT plants. Moreover, Fe transport-related genes (NtPIC1, NtNRAMP1, and NtFER1) were upregulated in NtPIC1-OE plants, while Fe deficiency-related genes (NtFRO1, NtIRT1, and NtZIP1) that mediate Cd uptake were downregulated. We also found that the activities of several antioxidative enzymes were significantly higher in NtPIC1-OE plants than in WT plants under Cd stress. Overall, our results demonstrate that overexpression of NtPIC1 is an efficient way to increase shoot Fe concentrations and reduce Cd uptake/accumulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Linwei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China.
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Villafort Carvalho MT, Pongrac P, Mumm R, van Arkel J, van Aelst A, Jeromel L, Vavpetič P, Pelicon P, Aarts MGM. Gomphrena claussenii, a novel metal-hypertolerant bioindicator species, sequesters cadmium, but not zinc, in vacuolar oxalate crystals. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 208:763-75. [PMID: 26083742 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Gomphrena claussenii is a recently described zinc (Zn)- and cadmium (Cd)-hypertolerant Amaranthaceae species displaying a metal bioindicator Zn/Cd accumulation response. We investigated the Zn and Cd distribution in stem and leaf tissues of G. claussenii at the cellular level, and determined metabolite profiles to investigate metabolite involvement in Zn and Cd sequestration. Gomphrena claussenii plants exposed to high Zn and Cd supply were analysed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and micro-proton-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE). In addition, gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) was used to determine metabolite profiles on high Zn and Cd exposure. Stem and leaf tissues of G. claussenii plants exposed to control and high Cd conditions showed the abundant presence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals, but on high Zn exposure, their abundance was strongly reduced. Ca and Cd co-localized to the CaOx crystals in Cd-exposed plants. Citrate, malate and oxalate levels were all higher in shoot tissues of metal-exposed plants, with oxalate levels induced 2.6-fold on Zn exposure and 6.4-fold on Cd exposure. Sequestration of Cd in vacuolar CaOx crystals of G. claussenii is found to be a novel mechanism to deal with Cd accumulation and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina T Villafort Carvalho
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paula Pongrac
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roland Mumm
- Plant Research International, Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen UR, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van Arkel
- Plant Research International, Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen UR, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan van Aelst
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen Electron Microscopy Centre, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luka Jeromel
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Vavpetič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pelicon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mark G M Aarts
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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