72751
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Possible role of chondroitin sulphate and glucosamine for primary prevention of colorectal cancer. Results from the MCC-Spain study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2040. [PMID: 29391578 PMCID: PMC5794904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A safe and effective colorectal cancer (CRC) chemoprevention agent remains to be discovered. We aim to evaluate the association between the use of glucosamine and/or chondroitin sulphate and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the MCC-Spain study, a case-control study performed in Spain that included 2140 cases of CRC and 3950 population controls. Subjects were interviewed on sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, family and medical history and regular drug use. Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated. The reported frequency of chondroitin and/or glucosamine use was 2.03% in controls and 0.89% in cases. Users had a reduced risk of CRC (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.28–0.79), but it was no longer significant when adjusted for NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) use (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.47–1.40). A meta-analysis with previous studies suggested a protective effect, overall and stratified by NSAID use (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.62–0.97). We have not found strong evidence of an independent preventive effect of CG on CRC in our population because the observed effects of our study could be attributed to NSAIDs concurrent use. These results merit further research due to the safety profile of these drugs.
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72752
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Chen Q, Yin YJ, Chen WY, Wu JN, Huang X. Assessment of the association between serum uric acid levels and the incidence of hypertension in nonmetabolic syndrome subjects: A prospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9765. [PMID: 29419669 PMCID: PMC5944703 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between serum uric acid (sUA) and the incidence of hypertension in nonmetabolic syndrome (non-MetS) subjects.This was a prospective observational study including 23,525 subjects who had been followed up for at least 5 years. A logistic regression model was used to assess independent risk factors associated with hypertension. An area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (auROC) was generated, and a nomogram was developed to assess diagnostic ability of sUA and the sUA-based score.We enrolled 11,642 subjects, and 763 (6.55%) were diagnosed with hypertension at the 5-year follow-up. Subjects were classified into 4 groups based on the sUA quarter. Using Q1 as the reference group, Q2, Q3, and Q4 were found to show a higher risk for the development of hypertension with odds ratio of 1.51 (1.15, 1.98), 1.72 (1.30, 2.27), and 2.27 (1.68, 3.06), respectively (P < .001) after adjusting for other known confounding variables. Interaction analysis showed that there was no significant difference between subgroups stratified on the basis of sex, age, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol except triglycerides (P = .006). The auROCs for sUA and the sUA-based score were 0.627 (0.607, 0.647) and 0.760 (0.742, 0.777), respectively. A nomogram comprising independent risk factors was developed to predict the 5-year risk of hypertension for each subject.High sUA was significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension in non-MetS subjects adjusting for confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jian-Nong Wu
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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72753
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Somerville LK, Basile K, Dwyer DE, Kok J. The impact of influenza virus infection in pregnancy. Future Microbiol 2018; 13:263-274. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K Somerville
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kerri Basile
- Centre for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology & Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominic E Dwyer
- Centre for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology & Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jen Kok
- Centre for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology & Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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72754
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Deng W, Lin SH. Advances in radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:79. [PMID: 29666802 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2017.11.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a common type of malignancy worldwide and usually requires multidisciplinary care. Radiotherapy plays an important part in management of the disease. During the past few years, researchers have made much progress about radiotherapy for esophageal cancer, which was revealed in every aspect of clinical practice. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy remains the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer, whereas neoadjuvant chemotherapy appears to show less toxicities and non-inferior prognosis. What's more, definitive chemoradiotherapy could be an option for non-surgical candidates and good responders to chemoradiotherapy. Advances in radiation techniques result in higher conformity, homogeneity, more normal tissue sparing and less treatment time. Promising prognoses and less toxicities were also seen in advanced techniques. As radiation dose higher than 50 Gy obtains better local control and survival, simultaneously integrated boost is designed to increase primary tumor dosage and keep prophylactic dose to subclinical areas. Elective nodal irradiation brings about better local control but do not show advantages in survival compared with involved field irradiation (IFI). As a trend, more tolerable chemoradiotherapy regimen would be taken into account in dealing with elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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72755
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Zhou H, Dong D, Chen B, Fang M, Cheng Y, Gan Y, Zhang R, Zhang L, Zang Y, Liu Z, Zheng H, Li W, Tian J. Diagnosis of Distant Metastasis of Lung Cancer: Based on Clinical and Radiomic Features. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:31-36. [PMID: 29156383 PMCID: PMC5697996 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the distant metastasis possibility based on computed tomography (CT) radiomic features in patients with lung cancer. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of 348 patients with lung cancer enrolled between 2014 and February 2015. A feature set containing clinical features and 485 radiomic features was extracted from the pretherapy CT images. Feature selection via concave minimization (FSV) was used to select effective features. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of each feature. RESULTS Four radiomic features and three clinical features were obtained by FSV feature selection. Classification accuracy by the proposed SVM with SGD method was 71.02%, and the area under the curve was 72.84% with only the radiomic features extracted from CT. After the addition of clinical features, 89.09% can be achieved. CONCLUSION The radiomic features of the pretherapy CT images may be used as predictors of distant metastasis. And it also can be used in combination with the patient's gender and tumor T and N phase information to diagnose the possibility of distant metastasis in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhou
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Ave., SZ University Town, Shenzhen, China, 518055; CAS Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di Dong
- CAS Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bojiang Chen
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Mengjie Fang
- CAS Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yuncun Gan
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- CAS Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yali Zang
- CAS Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- CAS Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Ave., SZ University Town, Shenzhen, China, 518055.
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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72756
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Maher CM, Thomas JD, Haas DA, Longen CG, Oyer HM, Tong JY, Kim FJ. Small-Molecule Sigma1 Modulator Induces Autophagic Degradation of PD-L1. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:243-255. [PMID: 29117944 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that Sigma1 (SIGMAR1, also known as sigma-1 receptor) is a unique ligand-regulated integral membrane scaffolding protein that contributes to cellular protein and lipid homeostasis. Previously, we demonstrated that some small-molecule modulators of Sigma1 alter endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein homeostasis pathways in cancer cells, including the unfolded protein response and autophagy. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a type I integral membrane glycoprotein that is cotranslationally inserted into the ER and is processed and transported through the secretory pathway. Once at the surface of cancer cells, PD-L1 acts as a T-cell inhibitory checkpoint molecule and suppresses antitumor immunity. Here, we demonstrate that in Sigma1-expressing triple-negative breast and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells, PD-L1 protein levels were suppressed by RNAi knockdown of Sigma1 and by small-molecule inhibition of Sigma1. Sigma1-mediated action was confirmed by pharmacologic competition between Sigma1-selective inhibitor and activator ligands. When administered alone, the Sigma1 inhibitor decreased cell surface PD-L1 expression and suppressed functional interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 in a coculture of T cells and cancer cells. Conversely, the Sigma1 activator increased PD-L1 cell surface expression, demonstrating the ability to positively and negatively modulate Sigma1 associated PD-L1 processing. We discovered that the Sigma1 inhibitor induced degradation of PD-L1 via autophagy, by a mechanism distinct from bulk macroautophagy or general ER stress-associated autophagy. Finally, the Sigma1 inhibitor suppressed IFNγ-induced PD-L1. Our data demonstrate that small-molecule Sigma1 modulators can be used to regulate PD-L1 in cancer cells and trigger its degradation by selective autophagy.Implications: Sigma1 modulators sequester and eliminate PD-L1 by autophagy, thus preventing functional PD-L1 expression at the cell surface. This posits Sigma1 modulators as novel therapeutic agents in PD-L1/PD-1 blockade strategies that regulate the tumor immune microenvironment.Visual Overview: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/16/2/243/F1.large.jpg Mol Cancer Res; 16(2); 243-55. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Maher
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey D Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Derick A Haas
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles G Longen
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Halley M Oyer
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jane Y Tong
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Felix J Kim
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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72757
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Zhu X, Chen S, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Chen L, Li C, Zhou X. Analysis of miRNA expression profiles in melatonin-exposed GC-1 spg cell line. Gene 2018; 642:513-521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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72758
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Sun Q, Hao Q, Prasanth KV. Nuclear Long Noncoding RNAs: Key Regulators of Gene Expression. Trends Genet 2018; 34:142-157. [PMID: 29249332 PMCID: PMC6002860 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A significant portion of the human genome encodes genes that transcribe long nonprotein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). A large number of lncRNAs localize in the nucleus, either enriched on the chromatin or localized to specific subnuclear compartments. Nuclear lncRNAs participate in several biological processes, including chromatin organization, and transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression, and also act as structural scaffolds of nuclear domains. Here, we highlight recent studies demonstrating the role of lncRNAs in regulating gene expression and nuclear organization in mammalian cells. In addition, we update current knowledge about the involvement of the most-abundant and conserved lncRNA, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), in gene expression control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Sun
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; These authors contributing equally
| | - Qinyu Hao
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; These authors contributing equally
| | - Kannanganattu V Prasanth
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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72759
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Song A, Lu B. Utility of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy/stereotactic body radiation therapy in the setting of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:657-660. [PMID: 29607130 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.01.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bo Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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72760
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Kang S, Gao F, Han J, Mao T, Sun W, Wang B, Guo W, Cheng L, Li Z. Extracorporeal shock wave treatment can normalize painful bone marrow edema in knee osteoarthritis: A comparative historical cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9796. [PMID: 29384878 PMCID: PMC5805450 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow edema (BME) represents a reversible but highly painful finding in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) on painful BME in osteoarthritis of the knee.This study focuses on people who had early-to-mid stage osteoarthritis with knee pain and MRI findings of BME. Patients who underwent ESWT treatment or prescribed alendronate treatment in our department were analyzed. Knee pain and function were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), respectively. The degree of BME was measured with MRI scans.A total of 126 patients who received ESWT treatment (Group A, n = 82) or alendronate treatment (Group B, n = 44) were included. All patients were followed up clinically and radiographically for a minimum of 12 months. The mean follow-up was 23.5 months (range, 12-38 months). The VAS and WOMAC score decreased more significantly after treatment in Group A than that in Group B (P <.01) within 3 months. In 6-month MRI follow-ups, there was higher incidence of distinct reduction and complete regression of BME of the affected knee in Group A than that in Group B (P <.01).ESWT is an effective, reliable, and noninvasive treatment in patients with painful BME in osteoarthritis of the knee followed by a rapid normalization of the MRI appearance. It has the potential to shorten the natural course of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fuqiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianli Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bailiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wanshou Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zirong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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72761
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Goeree R, Chiva-Razavi S, Gunda P, Graham CN, Miles L, Nikoglou E, Jugl SM, Gladman DD. Cost-effectiveness analysis of secukinumab for the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis: a Canadian perspective. J Med Econ 2018; 21:163-173. [PMID: 28945143 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2017.1384737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of secukinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that selectively neutralizes interleukin (IL)-17A, vs currently licensed biologic treatments in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) from a Canadian healthcare system perspective. METHODS A decision analytic semi-Markov model evaluated the cost-effectiveness of secukinumab 150 mg and 300 mg compared to subcutaneous biologics adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, and ustekinumab, and intravenous biologics infliximab and infliximab biosimilar in biologic-naive and biologic-experienced patients over a lifetime horizon. The response to treatments was evaluated after 12 weeks by PsA Response Criteria (PsARC) response rates. Non-responders or patients discontinuing initial-line of biologic treatment were allowed to switch to subsequent-line biologics. Model input parameters (Psoriasis Area Severity Index [PASI], Health Assessment Questionnaire [HAQ], withdrawal rates, costs, and resource use) were collected from clinical trials, published literature, and other Canadian sources. Benefits were expressed as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). An annual discount rate of 5% was applied to costs and benefits. The robustness of the study findings were evaluated via sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Biologic-naive patients treated with secukinumab achieved the highest number of QALYs (8.54) at the lowest cost (CAD 925,387) over a lifetime horizon vs all comparators. Secukinumab dominated all treatments, except for infliximab and its biosimilar, which achieved minimally more QALYs (8.58). However, infliximab and its biosimilar incurred more costs than secukinumab (infliximab: CAD 1,015,437; infliximab biosimilar: CAD 941,004), resulting in higher cost-effectiveness estimates relative to secukinumab. In the biologic-experienced population, secukinumab dominated all treatments as it generated more QALYs (8.89) at lower costs (CAD 954,692). Deterministic sensitivity analyses indicated the results were most sensitive to variation in PsARC response rates, change in HAQ, and utility values in both populations. CONCLUSIONS Secukinumab is either dominant or cost-effective vs all licensed biologics for the treatment of active PsA in biologic-naive and biologic-experienced populations in Canada.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/economics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/economics
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/diagnostic imaging
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/economics
- Biological Products/administration & dosage
- Biological Products/economics
- Biological Products/pharmacology
- Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals/economics
- Canada
- Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Decision Support Techniques
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Drug Costs
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Male
- Markov Chains
- Quality-Adjusted Life Years
- Severity of Illness Index
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Goeree
- a Goeree Consulting Ltd , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- b McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
| | | | - Praveen Gunda
- d Novartis Product Life Cycle Services-NBS, Novartis Healthcare Private Limited , Hyderabad , India
| | | | - LaStella Miles
- e RTI Health Solutions , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Efthalia Nikoglou
- f Novartis Product Lifecycle Services - NBS, Novartis Global Service Center , Dublin , Ireland
| | | | - Dafna D Gladman
- h Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
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72762
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Rock KD, Horman B, Phillips AL, McRitchie SL, Watson S, Deese-Spruill J, Jima D, Sumner S, Stapleton HM, Patisaul HB. EDC IMPACT: Molecular effects of developmental FM 550 exposure in Wistar rat placenta and fetal forebrain. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:305-324. [PMID: 29351906 PMCID: PMC5817967 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Firemaster 550 (FM 550) is a flame retardant (FR) mixture that has become one of the most commonly used FRs in foam-based furniture and baby products. Human exposure to this commercial mixture, composed of brominated and organophosphate components, is widespread. We have repeatedly shown that developmental exposure can lead to sex-specific behavioral effects in rats. Accruing evidence of endocrine disruption and potential neurotoxicity has raised concerns regarding the neurodevelopmental effects of FM 550 exposure, but the specific mechanisms of action remains unclear. Additionally, we observed significant, and in some cases sex-specific, accumulation of FM 550 in placental tissue following gestational exposure. Because the placenta is an important source of hormones and neurotransmitters for the developing brain, it may be a critical target of toxicity to consider in the context of developmental neurotoxicity. Using a mixture of targeted and exploratory approaches, the goal of the present study was to identify possible mechanisms of action in the developing forebrain and placenta. Wistar rat dams were orally exposed to FM 550 (0, 300 or 1000 µg/day) for 10 days during gestation and placenta and fetal forebrain tissue collected for analysis. In placenta, evidence of endocrine, inflammatory and neurotransmitter signaling pathway disruption was identified. Notably, 5-HT turnover was reduced in placental tissue and fetal forebrains indicating that 5-HT signaling between the placenta and the embryonic brain may be disrupted. These findings demonstrate that environmental contaminants, like FM 550, have the potential to impact the developing brain by disrupting normal placental functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie D Rock
- Department of Biological SciencesNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Horman
- Department of Biological SciencesNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allison L Phillips
- Nicholas School of the EnvironmentDuke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susan L McRitchie
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Res. CoreUniv. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Scott Watson
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Res. CoreUniv. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jocelin Deese-Spruill
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Res. CoreUniv. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dereje Jima
- Center for Human Health and the EnvironmentNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Bioinformatics Research CenterNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susan Sumner
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Res. CoreUniv. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Human Health and the EnvironmentNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Heather M Stapleton
- Nicholas School of the EnvironmentDuke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Heather B Patisaul
- Department of Biological SciencesNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Human Health and the EnvironmentNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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72763
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES During the last decade, the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer in China has significantly increased. We analyzed data for the period 1991-2014 to investigate the distribution of mortality rates and predict trends for the next 5 years. METHODS We obtained the pancreatic mortality data from the Chinese cancer annual report. Trend surface analysis was applied to study the geographical distribution. We used curve estimation, time series, grey box modeling, and joinpoint regression to predict the mortality rate. RESULTS Standardized pancreatic cancer mortality rate increased during 1991-2014 and might peak in the ensuing 5 years in China. The mortality rate was higher among elderly people and in urban and northeast/eastern areas than among young people and in rural and middle/western areas. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic cancer mortality shows an increasing trend, which is related to the socioeconomic development of China and the ageing of the population. Prevention strategies should be aimed at urban men 45 years or older, especially those residing in higher-mortality rate areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Jia
- From the Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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72764
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Morris DH, Gostic KM, Pompei S, Bedford T, Łuksza M, Neher RA, Grenfell BT, Lässig M, McCauley JW. Predictive Modeling of Influenza Shows the Promise of Applied Evolutionary Biology. Trends Microbiol 2018; 26:102-118. [PMID: 29097090 PMCID: PMC5830126 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza is controlled through vaccination campaigns. Evolution of influenza virus antigens means that vaccines must be updated to match novel strains, and vaccine effectiveness depends on the ability of scientists to predict nearly a year in advance which influenza variants will dominate in upcoming seasons. In this review, we highlight a promising new surveillance tool: predictive models. Based on data-sharing and close collaboration between the World Health Organization and academic scientists, these models use surveillance data to make quantitative predictions regarding influenza evolution. Predictive models demonstrate the potential of applied evolutionary biology to improve public health and disease control. We review the state of influenza predictive modeling and discuss next steps and recommendations to ensure that these models deliver upon their considerable biomedical promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan H Morris
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Katelyn M Gostic
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simone Pompei
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Trevor Bedford
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marta Łuksza
- Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Richard A Neher
- Biozentrum, University of Basel and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bryan T Grenfell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Lässig
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - John W McCauley
- Worldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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72765
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Liang Y, Li Y, Song X, Zhang N, Sang Y, Zhang H, Liu Y, Chen B, Zhao W, Wang L, Guo R, Yu Z, Yang Q. Long noncoding RNA LINP1 acts as an oncogene and promotes chemoresistance in breast cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:120-131. [PMID: 29293402 PMCID: PMC5790352 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1394543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a number of biological processes; however, further study is still warranted to comprehensively reveal their functions. In this study, we showed that the lncRNA in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway 1 (LINP1) was related to breast cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance. Loss- and gain-of function studies were used to assess the role of LINP1 in promoting breast cancer progression. LINP1 knockdown mitigated breast cancer cell growth by inducing G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. LINP1 also promoted breast cancer cell metastasis and influenced the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers. We identified p53 as a regulator of LINP1, and LINP1 overexpression could restore the metastatic effects of p53. Furthermore, LINP1 was upregulated in doxorubicin- and 5-fluorouracil-resistant cells and induced chemoresistance. We also observed that LINP1 enrichment played a critical functional role in chemoresistance by inhibiting chemotherapeutics-induced apoptosis. Moreover, LINP1 in tumors was associated with lower overall survival and disease-free survival. In conclusion, LINP1 may serve as a potential oncogene and chemoresistance-related regulator of breast cancer cells, suggesting that LINP1 might be a potent therapeutic target and might reduce chemoresistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojin Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Sang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Renbo Guo
- Department of Urology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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72766
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Fu D, Zhang Y, Cui H. Long noncoding RNA CCAT2 is activated by E2F1 and exerts oncogenic properties by interacting with PTTG1 in pituitary adenomas. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:245-255. [PMID: 29511595 PMCID: PMC5835692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas, arising from the pituitary gland cells, are one of the most frequent tumors found in the sella region. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of pituitary adenomas is still not understood in detail. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2), a newly identified lncRNA, has been reported to be abnormally expressed in some cancers. In the present study, we found that CCAT2 was significantly upregulated in pituitary adenomas tissues. Elevated CCAT2 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with pituitary adenomas. Moreover, CCAT2 expression was activated by E2F1. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays showed that CCAT2 positively regulated pituitary adenoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Further investigation demonstrated that CCAT2 interacted with PTTG1, and promoted its stability. Furthermore, CCAT2 affected the expression of downstream genes regulated by PTTG1, including SOX2, DLK1, MMP2, and MMP13. Cumulatively, CCAT2 functions as an oncogene in pituitary adenomas and its overexpression contributes to pituitary adenoma carcinogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Fu
- The Second Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, China
| | - Yunna Zhang
- The Second Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Cui
- The First Department of Oncology Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical UniversityCangzhou, China
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72767
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Pavlidis ET, Pavlidis TE. Current Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Pancreatic Cancer, the Role of Metastasis Associated Proteins (MTA): A Review. J INVEST SURG 2018; 31:54-66. [PMID: 28060554 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2016.1269854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose/aim: To focus on current molecular and genetic aspects and MTA proteins, since pancreatic cancer is a lethal malignant with poor prognosis. Early diagnosis is essential step, contributing to potential curative resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS A PubMed search of relevant articles published up to August 2016 was performed to identify current information about pancreatic cancer regarding molecular biomarkers, with emphasis on carcinogenesis, novel therapeutic targets, and MTA proteins. RESULTS Understanding the mechanisms involved in the process of carcinogenesis at the molecular level and the recognition of various oncogenes has opened new horizons for both diagnosis and targeted therapy. Metastasis associated (MTA) proteins (MTA1, MTA2, MTA3) comprise a well-established family of biomarkers. The oncogene MTA1 and its expression product MTA1 protein are the most important and adequately studied in the current research. It defines the growth, local invasiveness, lymphatic spread, and metastatic capacity of various malignancies such as colorectal or gastric cancer including also pancreatic cancer. This protein is associated with malignant potential and biological behavior. Consequently, it could contribute to cancer detection since the first stages of carcinogenesis, as well as in prediction of its malignant differentiation grade. The pre-operative information of the possibility of lymph node involvement may also affect the attempt and the extent of curative resection and lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSIONS Carcinogenesis and implicated oncogenes, either activators or repressors, concentrate much research interest, as well as being useful as biomarkers and for targeted therapy. MTA proteins could become useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in current management of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios T Pavlidis
- a Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School , Second Surgical Propedeutic Department, Hippocration Hospital , Konstantinoupoleos 49, 546 42 Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Theodoros E Pavlidis
- a Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School , Second Surgical Propedeutic Department, Hippocration Hospital , Konstantinoupoleos 49, 546 42 Thessaloniki , Greece
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72768
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Huang Y, Zhou J, Luo S, Wang Y, He J, Luo P, Chen Z, Liu T, Tan X, Ou J, Miao H, Liang H, Shi C. Identification of a fluorescent small-molecule enhancer for therapeutic autophagy in colorectal cancer by targeting mitochondrial protein translocase TIM44. Gut 2018; 67:307-319. [PMID: 27849558 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the modulation of autophagic processes can be therapeutically beneficial to cancer treatment, the identification of novel autophagic enhancers is highly anticipated. However, current autophagy-inducing anticancer agents exert undesired side effects owing to their non-specific biodistribution in off-target tissues. This study aims to develop a multifunctional agent to integrate cancer targeting, imaging and therapy and to investigate its mechanism. DESIGN A series of mitochondria-targeting near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores were synthesised, screened and identified for their autophagy-enhancing activity. The optical properties and biological effects were tested both in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanism was investigated using inhibitors, small interfering RNA (siRNA), RNA sequencing, mass spectrometry and human samples. RESULTS We have screened and identified a new NIR autophagy-enhancer, IR-58, which exhibits significant tumour-selective killing effects. IR-58 preferentially accumulates in the mitochondria of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and xenografts, a process that is glycolysis-dependent and organic anion transporter polypeptide-dependent. IR-58 kills tumour cells and induces apoptosis via inducing excessive autophagy, which is mediated through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. RNA sequencing, mass spectrometry and siRNA interference studies demonstrate that translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 44 (TIM44)-superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) pathway inhibition is responsible for the excessive ROS, autophagy and apoptosis induced by IR-58. TIM44 expression correlates positively with CRC development and poor prognosis in patients. CONCLUSIONS A novel NIR small-molecule autophagy-enhancer, IR-58, with mitochondria-targeted imaging and therapy capabilities was developed for CRC treatment. Additionally, TIM44 was identified for the first time as a potential oncogene, which plays an important role in autophagy through the TIM44-SOD2-ROS-mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Huang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shenglin Luo
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jintao He
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Chen
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Tan
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juanjuan Ou
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongming Miao
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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72769
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Kamitani M, Miyatsuka T, Miura M, Azuma K, Suzuki L, Himuro M, Katahira T, Nishida Y, Fujitani Y, Watada H. Heterogeneity of autophagic status in pancreatic β cells under metabolic stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:328-334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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72770
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Tajti P, Brilakis ES. Editorial: Retrograde via epicardial collaterals: With power comes responsibility. J Interv Cardiol 2018; 31:31-32. [DOI: 10.1111/joic.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tajti
- Minneapolis Heart Institute; Abbott Northwestern Hospital; Minneapolis Minnesota
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72771
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Tu CC, Hsu PK. The frontline of esophageal cancer treatment: questions to be asked and answered. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:83. [PMID: 29666806 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2017.10.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Achieving a good treatment for esophageal cancer is a great challenge. For early stage cancer, endoscopic treatment is considered the first line and a possible curative therapy. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are all used for the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer, administered either alone or combined. Some combinations have proven to be feasible, effective, and superior, such as neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) plus surgery in the Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study (CROSS) trial. However, other strategies such as perioperative chemotherapy or definitive chemoradiation also have demonstrated substantial effectiveness. The current article addresses the following questions: (I) how can a choice between different multi-modality treatments be made; (II) is there enough evidence to compare the merits of the different strategies; and (III) is there any new evidence to improve the current practice. Moreover, in this article, existing evidence for treatment strategies for locally advanced esophageal cancer have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Che Tu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua
| | - Po-Kuei Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei
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72772
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Stern CA, de Carvalho CR, Bertoglio LJ, Takahashi RN. Effects of Cannabinoid Drugs on Aversive or Rewarding Drug-Associated Memory Extinction and Reconsolidation. Neuroscience 2018; 370:62-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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72773
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Dang S, Bu D, Lu T, Wang Z, Liu J, Zhang W. Adamts18 deficiency increases arterial thrombus formation associated with vascular defects in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:1362-1368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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72774
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Wang GX, Wen L, Yang L, Zhang QC, Yin JB, Duan CM, Zhang D. Risk Factors for the Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms Using Computed Tomography Angiography. World Neurosurg 2018; 110:e333-e338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.10.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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72775
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Yan HX, Li QL, Cai WW, Tang D, Wang B, Liu X, Liu ZD, Yang ZL. EphA10 and EphB3 are prognostic markers in gallbladder squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:512-525. [PMID: 31938137 PMCID: PMC6958000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas (SC/ASC) are rare subtypes of gallbladder cancers (GBCs). Clinical characteristics of SC/ASC have not been well documented, and no biological markers of GBC carcinogenesis, progression and prognosis are available. METHODS We detected EphA10 and EphB3 expression in 69 SC/ASCs and 146 adenocarcinomas (ACs) with EnVision immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The percentage of cases with a patient age of > 45 years, lymph node metastasis and invasion was significantly higher in the SCs/ASCs compared with the ACs (P < 0.05). The positive expression of EphA10 and negative expression of EphB3 were significantly higher in the cases of SC/ASC and AC than in chronic cholecystitis (P < 0.01). The positive expressions of EphA10 and negative expression of EphB3 were significantly higher in the cases of poorly differentiation, large tumor size, high TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, invasion and no resection (only biopsy) of SC/ASC and AC. The negative correlation was found between EphA10 and EphB3 expression in SC/ASC and AC (P < 0.01). The univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that positive EphA10 and negative EphB3, differentiation, tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, invasion and surgical curability, is closely associated with a decreased overall survival in SC/ASC and AC patients (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that positive EphA10 and negative EphB3 expression are independent factors for a poor-prognosis in SC/ASC and AC patients. The AUC for EphA10 and EphB3 showed might have role for carcinogenesis and progression of SC/ASC and AC. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that positive EphA10 and negative EphB3 expression are closely associated with the pathogenesis, clinical, pathological and biological behaviors, and poor prognosis in gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xiong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing-Long Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Wu Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Da Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-De Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhu-Lin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
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72776
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Gulsrud NM, Hertzog K, Shears I. Innovative urban forestry governance in Melbourne?: Investigating "green placemaking" as a nature-based solution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 161:158-167. [PMID: 29149679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A nature-based approach to climate resilience aims to challenge and re-frame conventional environmental management methods by refocusing solutions from technological strategies to socio-ecological principles such as human well-being and community-based governance models, thereby improving and legitimizing the delivery of ecosystem services (ES). There are, however, many challenges to applying a socio-ecological agenda to urban climate resilience and thereby re-framing ES delivery as community and people focused, a knowledge gap extensively outlined in the environmental governance literature. In this paper, we aim to contribute to this re-assesment of urban environmental governance by examining the City of Melbourne's approach to urban re-naturing governance from a place-based perspective. Here we focus on the city's internationally-acclaimed urban forest strategy (UFS), investigating how and to which extent the governance arrangements embedded within the UFS draw strength from diverse perspectives and allow for institutional arrangements that support "situated" reflexive decision making and co-creation. We find that Melbourne's UFS governance process fosters green placemaking by re-focusing climate adaptation solutions from technological strategies to situated socio-ecological principles such as human well-being and community-based decision making. In this sense, this case provides valuable insight for the broader UGI governance field regarding the opportunities and challenges associated with a socio-cultural approach to urban re-naturing and ES delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Marie Gulsrud
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Kelly Hertzog
- Urban Forester, City of Melbourne, 120 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Ian Shears
- Manager of Urban Sustainability, City of Melbourne, 120 Swanston Street, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia.
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72777
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Au K, Ngan RK, Ng AW, Poon DM, Ng W, Yuen K, Lee VH, Tung SY, Chan AT, Sze HC, Cheng AC, Lee AW, Kwong DL, Tam AH. Treatment outcomes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in modern era after intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in Hong Kong: A report of 3328 patients (HKNPCSG 1301 study). Oral Oncol 2018; 77:16-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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72778
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Zhu ZY, Jia CZ, Luo JM, Wang L. Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid facilitates interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 secretion in human dermal fibroblasts via the JAK/STAT3 and p38 MAPK signal transduction pathways. Cytokine 2018; 102:1-6. [PMID: 29245047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (polyI:C) is a viral dsRNA analoguethat promotes wounds healing, accelerates re-epithelialization, granulation and neovascularization, and induces pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Little is known about polyI:C mediated induction of inflammatory mediators in human dermal fibroblast (HDFs), which form the primary scaffold for epithelial cells covering the wound. Here, we found that polyI:C enhances IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression and induces of IL-6 and IL-8 production in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner in HDFs. PolyI:C treatment rapidly increased phosphorylation level of both STAT3 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Moreover, pretreatment with AG490, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, inhibited polyI:C-induced STAT3 phosphorylation and subsequent IL-6 and IL-8 release. Conversely, pretreatment with SB203580, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, blocked p38 MAPK phosphorylation and IL-6 and IL-8 expression. In conclusion, polyI:C induces IL-6 and IL-8 production in HDFs via the JAK/STAT3 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ying Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, 5150412, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhuo Jia
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Min Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, 5150412, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Wang
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, People's Republic of China; Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, People's Republic of China; Huizhou Municipal Hospital, People's Republic of China.
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72779
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Han J, Nian H, Zheng ZY, Zhao MM, Xu D, Wang C. Effects of health education intervention on negative emotion and quality of life of patients with laryngeal cancer after postoperative radiotherapy. Cancer Radiother 2018; 22:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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72780
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Jiang B, Jin N, Xing Y, Su Y, Zhang D. Unraveling uncultivable pesticide degraders via stable isotope probing (SIP). Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:1025-1048. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1427697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, PR China
| | - Naifu Jin
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Yi Xing
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuping Su
- Environmental Science and Engineering College, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Dayi Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Environmental Science and Engineering College, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
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72781
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Berliocchi L, Chiappini C, Adornetto A, Gentile D, Cerri S, Russo R, Bagetta G, Corasaniti MT. Early LC3 lipidation induced by d-limonene does not rely on mTOR inhibition, ERK activation and ROS production and it is associated with reduced clonogenic capacity of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 40:98-105. [PMID: 29496180 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND d-Limonene is a natural monoterpene abundant in Citrus essential oils. It is endowed with several biological activities, including inhibition of carcinogenesis and promotion of tumour regression. Recently, d-limonene has been shown to modulate autophagic markers in vitro at concentrations found in vivo, in clinical pharmacokinetic studies. Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process serving as both an adaptive metabolic response and a quality control mechanism. Because autophagy defects have been linked to a wide range of human pathologies, including neurodegeneration and cancer, there is a need for new pharmacological tools to control deregulated autophagy. PURPOSE To better understand the effects of d-limonene on autophagy, to identify the molecular mechanisms through which this monoterpene rapidly triggers LC3 lipidation and to evaluate the role for autophagy in long-term effects of d-limonene. METHODS Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma, HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma and MCF7 breast cancer cells were used. Endogenous LC3-II levels were evaluated by western blotting. Autophagic flux assay was performed using bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine. Intracellular distribution of LC3 protein was studied by confocal microscopy analysis of LC3B-GFP transduced cells. Expression of lysosomal-membrane protein LAMP-1 was assessed by immunofluorescence analysis. Phosphorylated levels of downstream substrates of mTOR kinase (p70S6 kinase, 4E-BP1, and ULK1) and ERK were analyzed by western blotting. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed by live confocal microscopy of cells loaded with CellROX® Green Reagent. Clonogenic assay was used to evaluate the ability of treated cells to proliferate and form colonies. RESULTS LC3 lipidation promoted by d-limonene correlates with autophagosome formation and stimulation of basal autophagy. LC3 lipidation does not rely on inhibition of mTOR kinase, which instead appears to be transiently activated. In addition, d-limonene rapidly activates ERK and stimulates ROS generation, yet none of these events is implicated in lipidation of LC3, which was only partly reduced by chelation of intracellular calcium. The early LC3 lipidation induced by d-limonene is associated with inhibition of clonogenic capacity which is reverted by the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. CONCLUSIONS d-Limonene rapidly stimulates the autophagic flux in cultured cancer cells, which could be usefully exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Berliocchi
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta", V Livello Edificio delle Bioscienze, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlotta Chiappini
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta", V Livello Edificio delle Bioscienze, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Annagrazia Adornetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Debora Gentile
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta", V Livello Edificio delle Bioscienze, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Silvia Cerri
- Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Rossella Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cosenza), Italy.
| | - Maria Tiziana Corasaniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta", V Livello Edificio delle Bioscienze, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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72782
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Zhang H, Wang J, Wang L, Zhan M, Li S, Fang Z, Xu C, Zheng Y, He S. Induction of mast cell accumulation by chymase via an enzymatic activity- and intercellular adhesion molecule-1-dependent mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:678-692. [PMID: 29197072 PMCID: PMC5786453 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chymase is a unique, abundant secretory product of mast cells and a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils, monocytes and neutrophils, but little is known of its influence on mast cell accumulation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A mouse peritoneal inflammation model, cell migration assay and flowcytometry analysis, were used to investigate the role of chymase in recruiting mast cells. KEY RESULTS Chymase increased, by up to 5.4-fold, mast cell numbers in mouse peritoneum. Inhibitors of chymase, heat-inactivation of the enzyme, sodium cromoglycate and terfenadine, and pretreatment of mice with anti-intercellular adhesion molecule 1, anti-L-selectin, anti-CD11a and anti-CD18 antibodies dramatically diminished the chymase-induced increase in mast cell accumulation. These findings indicate that this effect of chymase is dependent on its enzymatic activity and activation of adhesion molecules. In addition, chymase provoked a significant increase in 5-HT and eotaxin release (up to 1.8- and 2.2-fold, respectively) in mouse peritoneum. Since 5-HT, eotaxin and RANTES can induce marked mast cell accumulation, these indirect mechanisms may also contribute to chymase-induced mast cell accumulation. Moreover, chymase increased the trans-endothelium migration of mast cells in vitro indicating it also acts as a chemoattractant. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The finding that mast cells accumulate in response to chymase implies further that chymase is a major pro-inflammatory mediator of mast cells. This effect of chymase, a major product of mast cell granules, suggests a novel self-amplification mechanism for mast cell accumulation in allergic inflammation. Mast cell stabilizers and inhibitors of chymase may have potential as a treatment of allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Zhang
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Junling Wang
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Ling Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Mengmeng Zhan
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Shigang Li
- Medical SchoolChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangHubeiChina
| | - Zeman Fang
- Allergy and Inflammation Research InstituteShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Ciyan Xu
- Allergy and Inflammation Research InstituteShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yanshan Zheng
- Allergy and Inflammation Research InstituteShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Shaoheng He
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
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72783
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Wang J, Miao Y, Huang Y, Lin B, Liu X, Xiao S, Du L, Hu Z, Xing M. Bottom-up Nanoencapsulation from Single Cells to Tunable and Scalable Cellular Spheroids for Hair Follicle Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29227036 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface engineering technology advances cell therapeutics and tissue engineering by accurate micro/nanoscale control in cell-biomaterial ensembles and cell spheroids formation. By tailoring cell surface, microgels can encapsulate cells for versatile uses. However, microgels are coated in a thick layer to house multiple cells together but not a single cell based. Besides, excessive deposition on cell surface is detrimental to cellular functions. Herein, layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly to encapsulate single cell using nanogel is reported, owing to its security and tunable thickness at nanoscale, and further forms cell spheroids by physical cross-linking on nanogel-coated cells for delivery. A hair follicle (HF) regeneration model where the dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are given a 3D installation to maintain its ability of HF induction during in vitro culture is studied. Dermal papilla (DP) spheroids are optimized and that LbL-DPCs aggregation is akin to primary DP is demonstrated. The markers ALP, Versican, and NCAM are examined to investigate that high-passaged (P8) DP spheroids can restore the hair induction potential, which are lost in 2D culture. New HFs are regenerated successfully by implantation of DP spheroids in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery; Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510515 China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Manitoba; 75A Chancellors Circle Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery; Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510515 China
| | - Yong Huang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences; Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Bojie Lin
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery; Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510515 China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Manitoba; 75A Chancellors Circle Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery; Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510515 China
| | - Shune Xiao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery; Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510515 China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery; Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510515 China
| | - Zhiqi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery; Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510515 China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Manitoba; 75A Chancellors Circle Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba; 715 McDermot Ave Winnipeg Manitoba R3E3P4 Canada
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72784
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Liuzzi JP, Narayanan V, Doan H, Yoo C. Effect of zinc intake on hepatic autophagy during acute alcohol intoxication. Biometals 2018; 31:217-232. [PMID: 29392448 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved mechanism that plays a housekeeping role by eliminating protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Recent studies have demonstrated that acute ethanol intoxication induces hepatic autophagy in mice. The effect of dietary zinc intake on hepatic autophagic flux during ethanol intoxication has not been evaluated using animal models. Herein, we investigated whether zinc deficiency and excess can affect autophagic flux in the liver in mice and in human hepatoma cells acutely exposed to ethanol. A mouse model of binge ethanol feeding was utilized to analyze the effect of low, adequate, and high zinc intake on hepatic autophagic flux during ethanol intoxication. Autophagic flux was inferred by analyzing LC3II/LC3I ratio, protein levels of p62/SQSTM1, Beclin1 and Atg7, and phosphorylation of 4EBP1. In addition, the degradation of the fusion protein LC3-GFP and the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes were evaluated in cells. Ethanol treatment stimulated autophagy in mice and cells. High zinc intake resulted in enhanced autophagy in mice exposed to ethanol. Conversely, zinc deficiency was consistently associated with impaired ethanol-induced autophagy in mice and cells. Zinc-deficient mice exhibited a high degree of ethanol-driven steatosis. Furthermore, zinc depletion increased apoptosis in cells exposed to ethanol. The results of this study suggest that adequate zinc intake is necessary for proper stimulation of autophagy by ethanol. Poor zinc status is commonly found among alcoholics and could likely contribute to faulty autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Liuzzi
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW, 8ST, AHC5-325, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Vijaya Narayanan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW, 8ST, AHC5-325, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Huong Doan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW, 8ST, AHC5-325, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Changwon Yoo
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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72785
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Zou Y, Zhong Y, Wu J, Xiao H, Zhang X, Liao X, Li J, Mao X, Liu Y, Zhang F. Long non-coding PANDAR as a novel biomarker in human cancer: A systematic review. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12422. [PMID: 29226461 PMCID: PMC6528858 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are characterized as a group of RNAs that more than 200 nucleotides in length and have no protein-coding function. More and more evidences provided that lncRNAs serve as key molecules in the development of cancer. Deregulation of lncRNAs functions as either oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes in various diseases. Recently, increasing studies about PANDAR in cancer progression were reported. In our review, we will focus on the current research on the character of PANDAR include the clinical management, tumour progression and molecular mechanisms in human cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We summarize and analyze current studies concerning the biological functions and mechanisms of lncRNA PANDA in tumour development. The related studies were obtained through a systematic search of Pubmed. RESULTS PANDAR was a well-characterized oncogenic lncRNA and widely overexpressed in many tumours. PANDAR is upregulated in many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, osteosarcoma, thyroid cancer and other cancers. Upregulation of PANDAR was significantly associated with advanced tumour weights, TNM stage and overall survival. Furthermore, repressed of PANDAR would restrain proliferation, migration and invasion. CONCLUSION PANDAR may act as a powerful tumour biomarker for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yuantang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Junjie Wu
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Huizhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Xintao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Xinhui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Jianfa Li
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and GeneticsInstitute of UrologyPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen PKU‐HKUST Medical CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Xuhua Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Fuyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming TechnologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
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72786
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Tan HW, Xu YM, Wu DD, Lau ATY. Recent insights into human bronchial proteomics - how are we progressing and what is next? Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:113-130. [PMID: 29260600 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1417847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The human respiratory system is highly prone to diseases and complications. Many lung diseases, including lung cancer (LC), tuberculosis (TB), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been among the most common causes of death worldwide. Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common genetic disease in Caucasians, has adverse impacts on the lungs. Bronchial proteomics plays a significant role in understanding the underlying mechanisms and pathogenicity of lung diseases and provides insights for biomarker and therapeutic target discoveries. Areas covered: We overview the recent achievements and discoveries in human bronchial proteomics by outlining how some of the different proteomic techniques/strategies are developed and applied in LC, TB, COPD, and CF. Also, the future roles of bronchial proteomics in predictive proteomics and precision medicine are discussed. Expert commentary: Much progress has been made in bronchial proteomics. Owing to the advances in proteomics, we now have better ability to isolate proteins from desired cellular compartments, greater protein separation methods, more powerful protein detection technologies, and more sophisticated bioinformatic techniques. These all contributed to our further understanding of lung diseases and for biomarker and therapeutic target discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wee Tan
- a Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- a Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- a Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , People's Republic of China
| | - Andy T Y Lau
- a Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , People's Republic of China
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72787
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Geng TT, Xu X, Huang M. High-dose tigecycline for the treatment of nosocomial carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9961. [PMID: 29465589 PMCID: PMC5841956 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) bloodstream infection (BSI) has become increasingly frequent threat recently, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU). High-dose tigecycline (TGC) regimen is proposed due to the limitation of treatment options. We investigated the efficacy and safety of high-dose TGC combination regimens for treating CRKP BSI. Furthermore, the risk factors for mortality were also determined.This was a single center retrospective cohort study conducted from 2014 to 2016. A total of 40 patients with nosocomial CRKP BSI admitted to the ICU were included; they were classified into two groups according to the treatment regimens with high-dose TGC (HD group) or not (non-HD group). In-hospital mortality rates and microbiologic responses from both groups were reviewed and compared. Besides, the survival and non-survival groups were compared to identify the risk factors of mortality.Twenty-three patients constituted the HD group (high-dosage TGC regimen was administered as 200 mg loading dose followed by 100 mg every 12 h) and 17 patients constituted the non-HD group (standard dose TGC therapy as 100 mg loading dose followed by 50 mg every 12 h and other antibiotics). The in-hospital mortality was 52.2% in the HD group and 76.5% in the non-HD group (P = .117). The Kaplan-Meier test showed significantly longer survival times in the HD group (mean: 83 days vs 28 days; P = .027). Microbiological eradication was observed in 13 patients (56.5%) in the HD group and 6 patients (36.3%) in the non-HD group (P = .184). A smaller fraction of patients in the HD group were subjected to vasoactive therapy (52.2% vs 88.2%; P = .016) compared to the non-HD group. There was no significant difference in the manifestation of adverse effects between the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), vasoactive therapy, and exposure to carbapenems were regarded as the independent predictors of mortality.A therapeutic regimen consisting of a high dose of TGC was associated with significantly longer survival time and numerically lower mortality in CRKP BSI. Adverse events were not increased with the double dose therapy.
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72788
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Tsunekuni R, Yaguchi Y, Kashima Y, Yamashita K, Takemae N, Mine J, Tanikawa T, Uchida Y, Saito T. Spatial transmission of H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among wild birds in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, 2016-2017. Arch Virol 2018; 163:1195-1207. [PMID: 29392495 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
From 29 November 2016 to 24 January 2017, sixty-three cases of H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infections were detected in wild birds in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Here, we analyzed the genetic, temporal, and geographic correlations of these 63 HPAIVs to elucidate their dissemination throughout the prefecture. Full-genome sequence analysis of the Ibaraki isolates showed that 7 segments (PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, NS) were derived from G1.1.9 strains while the M segment was from G1.1 strains; both groups of strains circulated in south China. Pathological studies revealed severe systemic infection in dead swans (the majority of dead birds and the only species necropsied), thus indicating high susceptibility to H5N6 HPAIVs. Coalescent phylogenetic analysis using the 7 G1.1.9-derived segments enabled detailed analysis of the short-term evolution of these highly homologous HPAIVs. This analysis revealed that the H5N6 HPAIVs isolated from wild birds in Ibaraki Prefecture were divided into 7 groups. Spatial analysis demonstrated that most of the cases concentrated around Senba Lake originated from a single source, and progeny viruses were transmitted to other locations after the infection expanded in mute swans. In contrast, within just a 5-km radius of the area in which cases were concentrated, three different intrusions of H5N6 HPAIVs were evident. Multi-segment analysis of short-term evolution showed that not only was the invading virus spread throughout Ibaraki Prefecture but also that, despite the small size of this region, multiple invasions had occurred during winter 2016-2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tsunekuni
- Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0854, Japan
| | - Yuji Yaguchi
- Ibaraki Prefecture Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 966-1 Nakagachityo, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yuki Kashima
- Ibaraki Prefecture Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 966-1 Nakagachityo, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-0002, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamashita
- Ibaraki Prefecture Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 966-1 Nakagachityo, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-0002, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takemae
- Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0854, Japan
| | - Junki Mine
- Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0854, Japan
| | - Taichiro Tanikawa
- Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0854, Japan
| | - Yuko Uchida
- Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0854, Japan
| | - Takehiko Saito
- Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0854, Japan.
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72789
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Zhao L, Li R, Xu S, Li Y, Zhao P, Dong W, Liu Z, Zhao Q, Tan B. Tumor suppressor miR-128-3p inhibits metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting ZEB1 in esophageal squamous-cell cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:171-180. [PMID: 29329360 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are some short RNAs that regulate multiple biological functions at post-transcriptional levels, such as tumorigenic processes, inflammatory lesions and cell apoptosis. Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox factor 1 (ZEB1) is a crucial mediator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It induces malignant progression of various cancers including human esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we found that miR-128-3p was downregulated in ESCC tissues and cells by using PCR. Moreover, down-regulated expression of miR-128-3p was testified to be associated with poor prognosis of ESCC patients and might be regarded as an independent prognostic factor. Then, we examined the role of miR-128-3p in ESCC cells, and found that miR-128-3p could suppress the cell migration and invasion in vitro. Furthermore, ZEB1 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-128-3p by luciferase reporter assay. Rescue experiments proved that EMT was regulated by miR-128-3p via suppression of ZEB1. Taken all together, we conclude that miR-128-3p suppresses EMT and metastasis via ZEB1, and miR-128-3p may be a critical mediator in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Shanling Xu
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yi Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Pei Zhao
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Zhenjun Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Department of Ultrasonic Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu 610000, China
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72790
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Spaulding HR, Kelly EM, Quindry JC, Sheffield JB, Hudson MB, Selsby JT. Autophagic dysfunction and autophagosome escape in the mdx mus musculus model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28834378 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by the absence of functional dystrophin protein and results in a host of secondary effects. Emerging evidence suggests that dystrophic pathology includes decreased pro-autophagic signalling and suppressed autophagic flux in skeletal muscle, but the relationship between autophagy and disease progression is unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the extent to which basal autophagy changes with disease progression. We hypothesized that autophagy impairment would increase with advanced disease. METHODS To test this hypothesis, 7-week-old and 17-month-old dystrophic diaphragms were compared to each other and age-matched controls. RESULTS Changes in protein markers of autophagy indicate impaired autophagic stimulation through AMPK, however, robust pathway activation in dystrophic muscle, independent of disease severity. Relative protein abundance of p62, an inverse correlate of autophagic degradation, was dramatically elevated with disease regardless of age. Likewise, relative protein abundance of Lamp2, a lysosome marker, was decreased twofold at 17 months of age in dystrophic muscle and was confirmed, along with mislocalization, in histological samples, implicating lysosomal dysregulation in this process. In dystrophic muscle, autophagosome-sized p62-positive foci were observed in the extracellular space. Moreover, we found that autophagosomes were released from both healthy and dystrophic diaphragms into the extracellular environment, and the occurrence of autophagosome escape was more frequent in dystrophic muscle. CONCLUSION These findings suggest autophagic dysfunction proceeds independent of disease progression and blunted degradation of autophagosomes is due in part to decreased lysosome abundance, and contributes to autophagosomal escape to the extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. R. Spaulding
- Department of Animal Science; Iowa State University; Ames IA USA
| | - E. M. Kelly
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research; Camden NJ USA
| | - J. C. Quindry
- Department of Health and Human Performance; University of Montana; Missoula MT USA
| | - J. B. Sheffield
- Department of Biology; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - M. B. Hudson
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology; University of Delaware; Newark DE USA
| | - J. T. Selsby
- Department of Animal Science; Iowa State University; Ames IA USA
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72791
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Mezynska M, Brzóska MM. Environmental exposure to cadmium-a risk for health of the general population in industrialized countries and preventive strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3211-3232. [PMID: 29230653 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal belonging to the group of the main chemical pollutants of the natural and occupational environment in economically developed countries. The forecasts indicate that contamination of the environment with this toxic metal, and thus the exposure of the general population, will increase. Food (particularly plant products) is the main source of the general population exposure to this element. Moreover, an important, and often the main, source of intoxication with Cd is habitual tobacco smoking. Recent epidemiological studies have provided numerous evidence that even low-level environmental exposure to this toxic metal, nowadays occurring in numerous economically developed countries, creates a risk for health of the general population. The low-level lifetime exposure to this metal may lead to the damage to the kidneys, liver, skeletal system, and cardiovascular system, as well as to the deterioration of the sight and hearing. Moreover, it has been suggested that environmental exposure to this xenobiotic may contribute to the development of cancer of the lung, breast, prostate, pancreas, urinary bladder, and nasopharynx. Taking the above into account, the aim of this review article is to draw more attention to Cd as an environmental risk factor for the health of the general population and the need to undertake preventive actions allowing to reduce the risk of health damage due to a lifetime exposure to this toxic metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mezynska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
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72792
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Weng J, Wang YH, Li M, Zhang DY, Jiang BG. GSK3β inhibitor promotes myelination and mitigates muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:324-330. [PMID: 29557384 PMCID: PMC5879906 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.226403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Delay of axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury usually leads to progressive muscle atrophy and poor functional recovery. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is considered to be one of the main molecular mechanisms that lead to skeletal muscle atrophy in the elderly. We hold the hypothesis that the innervation of target muscle can be promoted by accelerating axon regeneration and decelerating muscle cell degeneration so as to improve functional recovery of skeletal muscle following peripheral nerve injury. This process may be associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our study designed in vitro cell models to simulate myelin regeneration and muscle atrophy. We investigated the effects of SB216763, a glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta inhibitor, on the two major murine cell lines RSC96 and C2C12 derived from Schwann cells and muscle satellite cells. The results showed that SB216763 stimulated the Schwann cell migration and myotube contraction. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated that myelin related genes, myelin associated glycoprotein and cyclin-D1, muscle related gene myogenin and endplate-associated gene nicotinic acetylcholine receptors levels were stimulated by SB216763. Immunocytochemical staining revealed that the expressions of β-catenin in the RSC96 and C2C12 cytosolic and nuclear compartments were increased in the SB216763-treated cells. These findings confirm that the glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta inhibitor, SB216763, promoted the myelination and myotube differentiation through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and contributed to nerve remyelination and reduced denervated muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Weng
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-hua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dian-ying Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-guo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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72793
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Sun SY, Zhao BQ, Wang J, Mo ZX, Zhao YN, Wang Y, He J. The clinical implications of mean platelet volume and mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2018; 31:4564184. [PMID: 29077856 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As a hallmark of platelet activation, mean platelet volume (MPV) has been identified to be associated with various malignancies. However, the correlation between MPV, mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio (MPR), and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to clarify the relevance of MPV and MPR in patients with locally advanced ESCC. Four hundred and fifty-seven cases with newly diagnosed locally advanced ESCC followed by radical surgery and 240 healthy subjects matched for age and gender were included in this study. We retrospectively compared various hematological variables between groups and analyzed the correlation between MPV, MPR, and patients' clinicopathologic characteristics. Preoperative MPV and MPR were found to be significantly decreased in locally advanced ESCC when compared to healthy controls, they were (8.14 ± 1.09 fL vs. 10.23 ± 0.78 fL, P < 0.0001) and (0.03875 ± 0.02645 vs. 0.04463 ± 0.00972, P = 0.001), respectively. In addition, patients with advanced tumor length (≥4 cm) tended to have lower MPV levels (8.03 ± 1.11 fL versus 8.33 ± 1.21 fL, P = 0.005), while there was no difference between other subgroups. Moreover, decreased MPR was significantly correlated with advanced tumor length (P < 0.001) when divided at a median of 0.03420. Decreased MPV and MPR were significantly associated with locally advanced ESCC. Thus, they might be helpful in screening and risk stratification for locally advanced ESCC in combination with other approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Sun
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan.,Departments of Pathology and Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Rizhao
| | - B-Q Zhao
- Departments of General Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Shanghai Deji Hospital, Shanghai
| | - J Wang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The Shanghai Deji Hospital, Shanghai
| | - Z-X Mo
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Central Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, ShanDong
| | - Y-N Zhao
- Departments of Pathology and Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Rizhao
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Rizhao
| | - J He
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Cancer Hospital & Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
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72794
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Yang P, Ling L, Sun W, Yang J, Zhang L, Chang G, Guo J, Sun J, Sun L, Lu D. Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits apoptosis by increasing autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling in serum deprivation macrophages. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:144-155. [PMID: 29324976 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has been widely used in a broad range of cardiovascular and cerebral-vascular diseases because of its unique therapeutic properties. However, the underlying mechanisms of Rg1 in the treatment of atherosclerosis have not been fully explored. This study sought to determine the precise molecular mechanisms on how Rg1 might be involved in regulating apoptosis in serum deprivation-induced Raw264.7 macrophages and primary bone marrow-derived macrophages. Results demonstrated that Rg1 treatment effectively suppressed apoptosis and the expression of phosphorylation level of mTOR induced by serum deprivation in Raw264.7 macrophages; the expressions of autophagic flux-related proteins including Atg5, Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), p62/SQSMT1, and the phosphorylation level of AMPK were concomitantly up-regulated. 3-Methyl-adennine (3-MA), the most widely used autophagy inhibitor, strongly up-regulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3, and blocked the anti-apoptosis function of Rg1 in macrophages. Importantly, autophagic flux was activated by Rg1, while Beclin1 knockdown partially abolished the anti-apoptosis of Rg1. Moreover, compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, partially decreased the expressions of phosphorylation of mTOR, Atg5, Beclin1, LC3, and p62/SQSMT1, which were increased by Rg1. AICAR, an AMPK inducer, promoted the protein expressions of phosphorylation of mTOR, Atg5, Beclin1, LC3, and p62/SQSMT1. In conclusion, Rg1 significantly suppressed apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in macrophages. Furthermore, Rg1 could effectively induce the autophagic flux by attenuating serum deprivation-induced apoptosis in Raw264.7 macrophages through activating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lu Ling
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Junquan Yang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guoji Chang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Jiazhi Guo
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Di Lu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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72795
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Caballero B, Wang Y, Diaz A, Tasset I, Juste YR, Stiller B, Mandelkow EM, Mandelkow E, Cuervo AM. Interplay of pathogenic forms of human tau with different autophagic pathways. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29024336 PMCID: PMC5770880 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of neuronal proteostasis, a common feature of the aging brain, is accelerated in neurodegenerative disorders, including different types of tauopathies. Aberrant turnover of tau, a microtubule-stabilizing protein, contributes to its accumulation and subsequent toxicity in tauopathy patients' brains. A direct toxic effect of pathogenic forms of tau on the proteolytic systems that normally contribute to their turnover has been proposed. In this study, we analyzed the contribution of three different types of autophagy, macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy, and endosomal microautophagy to the degradation of tau protein variants and tau mutations associated with this age-related disease. We have found that the pathogenic P301L mutation inhibits degradation of tau by any of the three autophagic pathways, whereas the risk-associated tau mutation A152T reroutes tau for degradation through a different autophagy pathway. We also found defective autophagic degradation of tau when using mutations that mimic common posttranslational modifications in tau or known to promote its aggregation. Interestingly, although most mutations markedly reduced degradation of tau through autophagy, the step of this process preferentially affected varies depending on the type of tau mutation. Overall, our studies unveil a complex interplay between the multiple modifications of tau and selective forms of autophagy that may determine its physiological degradation and its faulty clearance in the disease context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Caballero
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Studies; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Yipeng Wang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); 53175 Bonn Germany
- CAESAR Research Center; 53175 Bonn Germany
| | - Antonio Diaz
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Studies; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Inmaculada Tasset
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Studies; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Yves Robert Juste
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Studies; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Barbara Stiller
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Studies; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); 53175 Bonn Germany
- CAESAR Research Center; 53175 Bonn Germany
| | - Eckhard Mandelkow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); 53175 Bonn Germany
- CAESAR Research Center; 53175 Bonn Germany
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Studies; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY 10461 USA
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72796
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STAT3 as a promising chemoresistance biomarker associated with the CD44 +/high /CD24 -/low /ALDH + BCSCs-like subset of the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line. Exp Cell Res 2018; 363:283-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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72797
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Quantifying the influence of temperature on hand, foot and mouth disease incidence in Wuhan, Central China. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1934. [PMID: 29386630 PMCID: PMC5792432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20318-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a substantial burden throughout Asia, but the effects of temperature pattern on HFMD risk are inconsistent. To quantify the effect of temperature on HFMD incidence, Wuhan was chosen as the study site because of its high temperature variability and high HFMD incidence. Daily series of HFMD counts and meteorological variables during 2010-2015 were obtained. Distributed lag non-linear models were applied to characterize the temperature-HFMD relationship and to assess its variability across different ages, genders, and types of child care. Totally, 80,219 patients of 0-5 years experienced HFMD in 2010-2015 in Wuhan. The cumulative relative risk of HFMD increased linearly with temperature over 7 days (lag0-7), while it presented as an approximately inverted V-shape over 14 days (lag0-14). The cumulative relative risk at lag0-14 peaked at 26.4 °C with value of 2.78 (95%CI: 2.08-3.72) compared with the 5th percentile temperature (1.7 °C). Subgroup analyses revealed that children attended daycare were more vulnerable to temperature variation than those cared for at home. This study suggests that public health actions should take into consideration local weather conditions and demographic characteristics.
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72798
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Shang M, Wang X, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Wang T, Liu R. LincRNA-ROR promotes metastasis and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating miR-145/FSCN1. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:639-649. [PMID: 29430188 PMCID: PMC5797470 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s157638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective In an attempt to discover a new biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the regulation mechanism of large intergenic non-coding RNA–regulator of reprogramming (lincRNA-ROR) as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge was studied. Patients and methods ROR expression in 91 pairs of ESCC tissue samples and matched adjacent tissues was quantified with real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The ROR–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network was built with 161 esophageal cancer (EC) tissues and 11 adjacent tumor tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of 96 cases of ESCC from TCGA database were collected for analysis on survival rates. The regulatory relationship between ROR, miR-145 and FSCN1 was verified in ESCC cells via qRT-PCR, dual luciferase reporter (DLR) assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and Western blotting. The transwell method was used to detect cell migration and invasion. Results ROR expression in ESCC tumor tissues was significantly higher than in the adjacent tissues, p<0.001. The survival rate of ESCC patients with high ROR expression levels was lower than that of patients with low ROR expression levels (p<0.001). ROR overexpression could downregulate miR-145 by up to 50% was proven by RIP, DLR assay, and qRT-PCR. Two effective binding sites of ROR to miR-145 were verified by DLR assay. One of the sites has never been cited in the literature. The Western blotting results showed that FSCN1 was a downstream target of ROR/miR-145 (p<0.05). Transwell assays were used to show that overexpression of ROR enhanced migration and invasion behavior of ESCC and miR-145 hindered these effects. Conclusion ROR acted as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-145 in ESCC. A novel, effective miR-145 binding site of ROR was discovered. The ROR/miR-145/FSCN1 pathway was shown to take part in the metastasis of ESCC. ROR is likely an oncogene biomarker for ESCC early diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhe Shang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhikui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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72799
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Bakhshandeh B, Zarrintaj P, Oftadeh MO, Keramati F, Fouladiha H, Sohrabi-Jahromi S, Ziraksaz Z. Tissue engineering; strategies, tissues, and biomaterials. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2018; 33:144-172. [PMID: 29385962 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2018.1430464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Current tissue regenerative strategies rely mainly on tissue repair by transplantation of the synthetic/natural implants. However, limitations of the existing strategies have increased the demand for tissue engineering approaches. Appropriate cell source, effective cell modification, and proper supportive matrices are three bases of tissue engineering. Selection of appropriate methods for cell stimulation, scaffold synthesis, and tissue transplantation play a definitive role in successful tissue engineering. Although the variety of the players are available, but proper combination and functional synergism determine the practical efficacy. Hence, in this review, a comprehensive view of tissue engineering and its different aspects are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bakhshandeh
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Science , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- b School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Omid Oftadeh
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Science , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran.,c Stem Cell Technology Research Center , Tehran , Iran
| | - Farid Keramati
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Science , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hamideh Fouladiha
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Science , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran
| | - Salma Sohrabi-Jahromi
- d Gottingen Center for Molecular Biosciences , Georg August University , Göttingen , Germany
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72800
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Kim J, Lim YM, Lee MS. The Role of Autophagy in Systemic Metabolism and Human-Type Diabetes. Mol Cells 2018; 41:11-17. [PMID: 29370692 PMCID: PMC5792707 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is critical for the maintenance of organelle function and intracellular nutrient environment. Autophagy is also involved in systemic metabolic homeostasis, and its dysregulation can lead to or accelerate the development of metabolic disorders. While the role of autophagy in the global metabolism of model organisms has been investigated mostly using site-specific genetic knockout technology, the impact of dysregulated autophagy on systemic metabolism has been unclear. Here, we review recent papers showing the role of autophagy in systemic metabolism and in the development of metabolic disorders. Also included are data suggesting the role of autophagy in human-type diabetes, which are different in several key aspects from murine models of diabetes. The results shown here support the view that autophagy modulation could be a new modality for the treatment of metabolic syndrome associated with lipid overload and human-type diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute & Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722,
Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Lim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute & Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722,
Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute & Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722,
Korea
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