751
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Valencia PM, Pridgen EM, Rhee M, Langer R, Farokhzad OC, Karnik R. Microfluidic platform for combinatorial synthesis and optimization of targeted nanoparticles for cancer therapy. ACS NANO 2013; 7:10671-80. [PMID: 24215426 PMCID: PMC3963607 DOI: 10.1021/nn403370e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Taking a nanoparticle (NP) from discovery to clinical translation has been slow compared to small molecules, in part by the lack of systems that enable their precise engineering and rapid optimization. In this work we have developed a microfluidic platform for the rapid, combinatorial synthesis and optimization of NPs. The system takes in a number of NP precursors from which a library of NPs with varying size, surface charge, target ligand density, and drug load is produced in a reproducible manner. We rapidly synthesized 45 different formulations of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) NPs of different size and surface composition and screened and ranked the NPs for their ability to evade macrophage uptake in vitro. Comparison of the results to pharmacokinetic studies in vivo in mice revealed a correlation between in vitro screen and in vivo behavior. Next, we selected NP synthesis parameters that resulted in longer blood half-life and used the microfluidic platform to synthesize targeted NPs with varying targeting ligand density (using a model targeting ligand against cancer cells). We screened NPs in vitro against prostate cancer cells as well as macrophages, identifying one formulation that exhibited high uptake by cancer cells yet similar macrophage uptake compared to nontargeted NPs. In vivo, the selected targeted NPs showed a 3.5-fold increase in tumor accumulation in mice compared to nontargeted NPs. The developed microfluidic platform in this work represents a tool that could potentially accelerate the discovery and clinical translation of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M. Valencia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Eric M. Pridgen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Minsoung Rhee
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- MIT-Harvard Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Omid C. Farokhzad Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115. ; Rohit Karnik Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139. ; Robert Langer Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Omid C. Farokhzad
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- MIT-Harvard Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Omid C. Farokhzad Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115. ; Rohit Karnik Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139. ; Robert Langer Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Rohit Karnik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Omid C. Farokhzad Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115. ; Rohit Karnik Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139. ; Robert Langer Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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752
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Anselmo AC, Gupta V, Zern BJ, Pan D, Zakrewsky M, Muzykantov V, Mitragotri S. Delivering nanoparticles to lungs while avoiding liver and spleen through adsorption on red blood cells. ACS NANO 2013; 7:11129-37. [PMID: 24182189 PMCID: PMC4128963 DOI: 10.1021/nn404853z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are one of the most widely investigated approaches for developing novel therapies for a variety of diseases. However, rapid clearance and poor targeting limit their clinical utility. Here, we describe an approach to harness the flexibility, circulation, and vascular mobility of red blood cells (RBCs) to simultaneously overcome these limitations (cellular hitchhiking). A noncovalent attachment of nanoparticles to RBCs simultaneously increases their level in blood over a 24 h period and allows transient accumulation in the lungs, while reducing their uptake by liver and spleen. RBC-adsorbed nanoparticles exhibited ∼3-fold increase in blood persistence and ∼7-fold higher accumulation in lungs. RBC-adsorbed nanoparticles improved lung/liver and lung/spleen nanoparticle accumulation by over 15-fold and 10-fold, respectively. Accumulation in lungs is attributed to mechanical transfer of particles from the RBC surface to lung endothelium. Independent tracing of both nanoparticles and RBCs in vivo confirmed that RBCs themselves do not accumulate in lungs. Attachment of anti-ICAM-1 antibody to the exposed surface of NPs that were attached to RBCs led to further increase in lung targeting and retention over 24 h. Cellular hitchhiking onto RBCs provides a new platform for improving the blood pharmacokinetics and vascular delivery of nanoparticles while simultaneously avoiding uptake by liver and spleen, thus opening the door for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C. Anselmo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - Blaine J. Zern
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel Pan
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Zakrewsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - Vladimir Muzykantov
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Prof. Samir Mitragotri, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, Ph: 805-893-7532, Fax: 805-893-4731,
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753
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754
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MATTIX BRANDON, MOORE THOMAS, UVAROV OLGA, POLLARD SAMUEL, O'DONNELL LAUREN, PARK KATELYN, HORNE DEVANTE, DHULEKAR JHILMIL, REESE LAURA, NGUYEN DUONG, KRAVEKA JACQUELINE, BURG KAREN, ALEXIS FRANK. EFFECTS OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLE SURFACE PROPERTIES ON INTERACTION WITH BRAIN TUMOR ENVIRONMENT. NANO LIFE 2013; 3:1343003. [PMID: 25110523 PMCID: PMC4126265 DOI: 10.1142/s1793984413430034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Current chemotherapy treatments are limited by poor drug solubility, rapid drug clearance and systemic side effects. Additionally, drug penetration into solid tumors is limited by physical diffusion barriers [e.g., extracellular matrix (ECM)]. Nanoparticle (NP) blood circulation half-life, biodistribution and ability to cross extracellular and cellular barriers will be dictated by NP composition, size, shape and surface functionality. Here, we investigated the effect of surface charge of poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol) NPs on mediating cellular interaction. Polymeric NPs of equal sizes were used that had two different surface functionalities: negatively charged carboxyl (COOH) and neutral charged methoxy (OCH3). Cellular uptake studies showed significantly higher uptake in human brain cancer cells compared to noncancerous human brain cells, and negatively charged COOH NPs were uptaken more than neutral OCH3 NPs in 2D culture. NPs were also able to load and control the release of paclitaxel (PTX) over 19 days. Toxicity studies in U-87 glioblastoma cells showed that PTX-loaded NPs were effective drug delivery vehicles. Effect of surface charge on NP interaction with the ECM was investigated using collagen in a 3D cellular uptake model, as collagen content varies with the type of cancer and the stage of the disease compared to normal tissues. Results demonstrated that NPs can effectively diffuse across an ECM barrier and into cells, but NP mobility is dictated by surface charge. In vivo biodistribution of OCH3 NPs in intracranial tumor xenografts showed that NPs more easily accumulated in tumors with less collagen. These results indicate that a robust understanding of NP interaction with various tumor environments can lead to more effective patient-tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- BRANDON MATTIX
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - THOMAS MOORE
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - OLGA UVAROV
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - SAMUEL POLLARD
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - LAUREN O'DONNELL
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - KATELYN PARK
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - DEVANTE HORNE
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - JHILMIL DHULEKAR
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - LAURA REESE
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - DUONG NGUYEN
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
- Institute of Biological Interfaces of Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - JACQUELINE KRAVEKA
- Department of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - KAREN BURG
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
- Institute of Biological Interfaces of Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | - FRANK ALEXIS
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University Clemson, SC 29631, USA
- Institute of Biological Interfaces of Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
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755
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Stern ST, Zou P, Skoczen S, Xie S, Liboiron B, Harasym T, Tardi P, Mayer LD, McNeil SE. Prediction of nanoparticle prodrug metabolism by pharmacokinetic modeling of biliary excretion. J Control Release 2013; 172:558-67. [PMID: 23664969 PMCID: PMC3788091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation is a powerful tool for the prediction of drug concentrations in the absence of analytical techniques that allow for direct quantification. The present study applied this modeling approach to determine active drug release from a nanoparticle prodrug formulation. A comparative pharmacokinetic study of a nanoscale micellar docetaxel (DTX) prodrug, Procet 8, and commercial DTX formulation, Taxotere, was conducted in bile duct cannulated rats. The nanoscale (~40nm) size of the Procet 8 formulation resulted in confinement within the plasma space and high prodrug plasma concentrations. Ex vivo prodrug hydrolysis during plasma sample preparation resulted in unacceptable error that precluded direct measurement of DTX concentrations. Pharmacokinetic modeling of Taxotere and Procet 8 plasma concentrations, and their associated biliary metabolites, allowed for prediction of the DTX concentration profile and DTX bioavailability, and thereby evaluation of Procet 8 metabolism. Procet 8 plasma decay and in vitro plasma hydrolytic rates were identical, suggesting that systemic clearance of the prodrug was primarily metabolic. The Procet 8 and Taxotere plasma profiles, and associated docetaxel hydroxy-tert-butyl carbamate (HDTX) metabolite biliary excretion, were best fit by a two compartment model, with both linear and non-linear DTX clearance, and first order Procet 8 hydrolysis. The model estimated HDTX clearance rate agreed with in vitro literature values, supporting the predictability of the proposed model. Model simulation at the 10mg DTX equivalent/kg dose level predicted DTX formation rate-limited kinetics and a peak plasma DTX concentration of 39ng/mL at 4h for Procet 8, in comparison to 2826ng/mL for Taxotere. As a result of nonlinear DTX clearance, the DTX AUCinf for the Procet 8 formulation was predicted to be 2.6 times lower than Taxotere (775 vs. 2017h×ng/mL, respectively), resulting in an absolute bioavailability estimate of 38%. As DTX clearance in man is considered linear, this low bioavailability is likely species-dependent. These data support the use of pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation in cases of complex formulations, where analytical methods for direct measurement of free (released) drug concentrations are unavailable. Uses of such models may include interpretation of preclinical toxicology studies, selection of first in man dosing regimens, and PK/PD model development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan T Stern
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 21702, USA.
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756
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Moore TL, Grimes SW, Lewis RL, Alexis F. Multilayered polymer-coated carbon nanotubes to deliver dasatinib. Mol Pharm 2013; 11:276-82. [PMID: 24294824 DOI: 10.1021/mp400448w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multilayered, multifunctional polymer coatings were grafted onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a one-pot, ring-opening polymerization in order to control the release kinetic and therapeutic efficacy of dasatinib. Biocompatible, biodegradable multilayered coatings composed of poly(glycolide) (PGA) and poly(lactide) (PLA) were polymerized directly onto hydroxyl-functionalized CNT surfaces. Sequential addition of monomers into the reaction vessel enabled multilayered coatings of PLA-PGA or PGA-PLA. Poly(ethylene glycol) capped the polymer chain ends, resulting in a multifunctional amphiphilic coating. Multilayer polymer coatings on CNTs enabled control of the anticancer drug dasatinib's release kinetics and enhanced the in vitro therapeutic efficacy against U-87 glioblastoma compared to monolayer polymer coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Moore
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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757
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Vllasaliu D, Fowler R, Stolnik S. PEGylated nanomedicines: recent progress and remaining concerns. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 11:139-54. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.866651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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758
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He ZY, Wei XW, Luo M, Luo ST, Yang Y, Yu YY, Chen Y, Ma CC, Liang X, Guo FC, Ye TH, Shi HS, Shen GB, Wang W, Gong FM, He G, Yang L, Zhao X, Song XR, Wei YQ. Folate-linked lipoplexes for short hairpin RNA targeting claudin-3 delivery in ovarian cancer xenografts. J Control Release 2013; 172:679-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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759
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Ke H, Wang J, Tong S, Jin Y, Wang S, Qu E, Bao G, Dai Z. Gold nanoshelled liquid perfluorocarbon magnetic nanocapsules: a nanotheranostic platform for bimodal ultrasound/magnetic resonance imaging guided photothermal tumor ablation. Theranostics 2013; 4:12-23. [PMID: 24396512 PMCID: PMC3881224 DOI: 10.7150/thno.7275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging guided ablation therapy has been applied in both biomedical research and clinical trials and turned out to be one of the most promising approaches for cancer treatment. Herein, the multifunctional nanocapsules were fabricated through loading perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs), followed by the formation of PEGylated gold nanoshell on the surface. The resulting multi-component NCs were proved to be able to act as nanotheranostic agent to achieve successful bimodal ultrasound (US)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided photothermal ablation in human tumor xenograft models non-invasively. Such a single theranostic agent with the combination of real-time US and high-resolution MR imaging would be of great value to offer more comprehensive diagnostic information and dynamics of disease progression for the accurate location of therapeutic focusing spot in the targeted tumor tissue, showing great potential as an effective nanoplatform for contrast imaging guided photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengte Ke
- 2. Nanomedicine and Biosensor Laboratory, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jinrui Wang
- 1. College of Engineering and Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sheng Tong
- 3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Yushen Jin
- 2. Nanomedicine and Biosensor Laboratory, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- 1. College of Engineering and Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Enze Qu
- 1. College of Engineering and Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gang Bao
- 3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Zhifei Dai
- 1. College of Engineering and Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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760
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Pridgen EM, Alexis F, Kuo TT, Levy-Nissenbaum E, Karnik R, Blumberg RS, Langer R, Farokhzad OC. Transepithelial transport of Fc-targeted nanoparticles by the neonatal fc receptor for oral delivery. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:213ra167. [PMID: 24285486 PMCID: PMC4023672 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are poised to have a tremendous impact on the treatment of many diseases, but their broad application is limited because currently they can only be administered by parenteral methods. Oral administration of nanoparticles is preferred but remains a challenge because transport across the intestinal epithelium is limited. We show that nanoparticles targeted to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), which mediates the transport of immunoglobulin G antibodies across epithelial barriers, are efficiently transported across the intestinal epithelium using both in vitro and in vivo models. In mice, orally administered FcRn-targeted nanoparticles crossed the intestinal epithelium and reached systemic circulation with a mean absorption efficiency of 13.7%*hour compared with only 1.2%*hour for nontargeted nanoparticles. In addition, targeted nanoparticles containing insulin as a model nanoparticle-based therapy for diabetes were orally administered at a clinically relevant insulin dose of 1.1 U/kg and elicited a prolonged hypoglycemic response in wild-type mice. This effect was abolished in FcRn knockout mice, indicating that the enhanced nanoparticle transport was specifically due to FcRn. FcRn-targeted nanoparticles may have a major impact on the treatment of many diseases by enabling drugs currently limited by low bioavailability to be efficiently delivered though oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Pridgen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Frank Alexis
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- MIT-Harvard Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Timothy T. Kuo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Etgar Levy-Nissenbaum
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- MIT-Harvard Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Rohit Karnik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, MA 02139
- MIT-Harvard Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Omid C. Farokhzad
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- MIT-Harvard Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Cambridge, MA 02139
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761
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Moore T, Chen H, Morrison R, Wang F, Anker JN, Alexis F. Nanotechnologies for noninvasive measurement of drug release. Mol Pharm 2013; 11:24-39. [PMID: 24215280 DOI: 10.1021/mp400419k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of chemotherapy and radiotherapy agents are available for treating cancer, but a critical challenge is to deliver these agents locally to cancer cells and tumors while minimizing side effects from systemic delivery. Nanomedicine uses nanoparticles with diameters in the range of ∼1-100 nm to encapsulate drugs and target them to tumors. The nanoparticle enhances local drug delivery efficiency to the tumors via entrapment in leaky tumor vasculature, molecular targeting to cells expressing cancer biomarkers, and/or magnetic targeting. In addition, the localization can be enhanced using triggered release in tumors via chemical, thermal, or optical signals. In order to optimize these nanoparticle drug delivery strategies, it is important to be able to image where the nanoparticles distribute and how rapidly they release their drug payloads. This Review aims to evaluate the current state of nanotechnology platforms for cancer theranostics (therapeutic and diagnostic particles) that are capable of noninvasive measurement of release kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Moore
- Department of Bioengineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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762
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Abstract
Nanoparticles have recently emerged as a promising class of carriers for the co-delivery of multiple drugs. Combination therapies of small-molecule drugs are common in clinical practice, and it is anticipated that packaging into single macromolecular carriers will enable drug release in precisely balanced ratios and rates and in selectively targeted tissues and cells. This vast level of pharmacological control is intriguing, especially from the perspective of tailoring personalized treatments with maximized therapeutic synergy for individual patients. Here, we discuss promising formulations and opportunities to employ advanced screening tools and new animal models of disease that can improve chances for successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Manish Kohli
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Andrew Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Prof. Andrew Smith, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801. Phone: (217) 300-5638. Fax: (217) 265-0246.
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763
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Burts AO, Liao L, Lu YY, Tirrell DA, Johnson JA. Brush-first and click: efficient synthesis of nanoparticles that degrade and release doxorubicin in response to light. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 90:380-5. [PMID: 24117423 DOI: 10.1111/php.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
New strategies for the synthesis of multifunctional particles that respond to external stimuli and release biologically relevant agents will enable the discovery of new formulations for drug delivery. In this article, we combine two powerful methods: brush-first ring-opening metathesis polymerization and copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry, for the synthesis of a novel class of brush-arm star polymers (BASPs) that simultaneously degrade and release the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) in response to 365 nm light. In vitro cell viability studies were performed to study the toxicity of azide- and DOX-loaded BASPs. The former were completely nontoxic. The latter showed minimal toxicity in the absence of light; UV-triggered DOX release led to IC50 values that were similar to that of free DOX.
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764
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Papa S, Ferrari R, De Paola M, Rossi F, Mariani A, Caron I, Sammali E, Peviani M, Dell'Oro V, Colombo C, Morbidelli M, Forloni G, Perale G, Moscatelli D, Veglianese P. Polymeric nanoparticle system to target activated microglia/macrophages in spinal cord injury. J Control Release 2013; 174:15-26. [PMID: 24225226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The possibility to control the fate of the cells responsible for secondary mechanisms following spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most relevant challenges to reduce the post traumatic degeneration of the spinal cord. In particular, microglia/macrophages associated inflammation appears to be a self-propelling mechanism which leads to progressive neurodegeneration and development of persisting pain state. In this study we analyzed the interactions between poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles (PMMA-NPs) and microglia/macrophages in vitro and in vivo, characterizing the features that influence their internalization and ability to deliver drugs. The uptake mechanisms of PMMA-NPs were in-depth investigated, together with their possible toxic effects on microglia/macrophages. In addition, the possibility to deliver a mimetic drug within microglia/macrophages was characterized in vitro and in vivo. Drug-loaded polymeric NPs resulted to be a promising tool for the selective administration of pharmacological compounds in activated microglia/macrophages and thus potentially able to counteract relevant secondary inflammatory events in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Papa
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferrari
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano De Paola
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Ambiente e Salute, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mariani
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Ambiente e Salute, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caron
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Sammali
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Peviani
- Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "L. Spallanzani", via Ferrata, 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Dell'Oro
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Colombo
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Campus Hoenggerberg, HCI F125, Wolfgang Pauli Str. 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perale
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, SUPSI, via Cantonale, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland; Swiss Institute for Regenerative Medicine, CH-6807 Taverne, Switzerland
| | - Davide Moscatelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Veglianese
- IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
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Abstract
In recent years, there has been an unprecedented expansion in the field of nanomedicine with the development of new nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Nanoparticles have unique biological properties given their small size and large surface area-to-volume ratio, which allows them to bind, absorb, and carry compounds such as small molecule drugs, DNA, RNA, proteins, and probes with high efficiency. Their tunable size, shape, and surface characteristics also enable them to have high stability, high carrier capacity, the ability to incorporate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances and compatibility with different administration routes, thereby making them highly attractive in many aspects of oncology. This review article will discuss how nanoparticles are able to function as carriers for chemotherapeutic drugs to increase their therapeutic index; how they can function as therapeutic agents in photodynamic, gene, and thermal therapy; and how nanoparticles can be used as molecular imaging agents to detect and monitor cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnesh S Thakor
- Visiting Research Scholar, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Fellow in Interventional Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Academic Fellow, Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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766
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Zuckerman JE, Davis ME. Targeting therapeutics to the glomerulus with nanoparticles. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2013; 20:500-7. [PMID: 24206602 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are an enabling technology for the creation of tissue-/cell-specific therapeutics that have been investigated extensively as targeted therapeutics for cancer. The kidney, specifically the glomerulus, is another accessible site for nanoparticle delivery that has been relatively overlooked as a target organ. Given the medical need for the development of more potent, kidney-targeted therapies, the use of nanoparticle-based therapeutics may be one such solution to this problem. Here, we review the literature on nanoparticle targeting of the glomerulus. Specifically, we provide a broad overview of nanoparticle-based therapeutics and how the unique structural characteristics of the glomerulus allow for selective, nanoparticle targeting of this area of the kidney. We then summarize literature examples of nanoparticle delivery to the glomerulus and elaborate on the appropriate nanoparticle design criteria for glomerular targeting. Finally, we discuss the behavior of nanoparticles in animal models of diseased glomeruli and review examples of nanoparticle therapeutic approaches that have shown promise in animal models of glomerulonephritic disease.
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767
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Li D, Sun H, Ding J, Tang Z, Zhang Y, Xu W, Zhuang X, Chen X. Polymeric topology and composition constrained polyether-polyester micelles for directional antitumor drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:8875-84. [PMID: 23831719 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic linear and dumbbell-shaped poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) copolymers were simply synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of lactide and glycolide using PEG or tetrahydroxyl-functionalized PEG as the macroinitiator and stannous octoate as the catalyst. The copolymers spontaneously self-assembled into spherical micelles in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4. The self-assembly behavior was dependent on both the polymeric topology and composition. Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline antitumor drug, was loaded into micelles through nanoprecipitation. The in vitro release behavior could be adjusted by regulating the topology or composition of the copolymer, or the pH of the release medium. The effective intracellular DOX release from DOX-loaded micelles was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry in vitro. DOX-loaded micelles displayed great cellular proliferation inhibition efficacies after incubation for 24, 48 or 72 h. The hemolysis ratio of DOX was significantly reduced by the presence of copolymer. These properties indicated that the micelles derived from linear or dumbbell-shaped copolymers were promising candidates as smart antitumor drug carriers for malignancy therapy.
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768
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Hubbell JA, Langer R. Translating materials design to the clinic. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:963-6. [PMID: 24150414 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Hubbell
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, and Institute for Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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769
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Lameijer MA, Tang J, Nahrendorf M, Beelen RHJ, Mulder WJM. Monocytes and macrophages as nanomedicinal targets for improved diagnosis and treatment of disease. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2013; 13:567-80. [PMID: 23895127 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2013.819216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The important role of monocytes and macrophages in diseases like cancer and atherosclerosis has started to get uncovered in the last decade. In addition, subsets of these cell types are believed to participate in the initiation and aggravation of several diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease. For this reason, monocytes and macrophages have recently been identified as interesting targets for both diagnosis and treatment of the aforementioned pathologies. Compared with free therapeutic or imaging agents, nanoparticle formulations provide several advantages that improve the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of these agents. In addition, the possibility of surface functionalization creates numerous ways to optimize nanoparticle delivery. Recent advances in nanomedicine have led to the development of multifunctional nanoparticles that allow simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of monocytes and macrophages with high specificity. Relying on the inherent ability of monocytes and macrophages to easily take up foreign particles, the use of nanoparticles provides a precious opportunity for the management of several inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnix A Lameijer
- Department of Cell Biology and immunology, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorsstraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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770
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Enhancing tumor cell response to chemotherapy through nanoparticle-mediated codelivery of siRNA and cisplatin prodrug. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:18638-43. [PMID: 24167294 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1303958110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics are widely used to treat a broad spectrum of malignancies. However, their application is limited by both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance. Most mutations that result from DNA damage are the consequence of error-prone translesion DNA synthesis, which could be responsible for the acquired resistance against DNA-damaging agents. Recent studies have shown that the suppression of crucial gene products (e.g., REV1, REV3L) involved in the error-prone translesion DNA synthesis pathway can sensitize intrinsically resistant tumors to chemotherapy and reduce the frequency of acquired drug resistance of relapsed tumors. In this context, combining conventional DNA-damaging chemotherapy with siRNA-based therapeutics represents a promising strategy for treating patients with malignancies. To this end, we developed a versatile nanoparticle (NP) platform to deliver a cisplatin prodrug and REV1/REV3L-specific siRNAs simultaneously to the same tumor cells. NPs are formulated through self-assembly of a biodegradable poly(lactide-coglycolide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) diblock copolymer and a self-synthesized cationic lipid. We demonstrated the potency of the siRNA-containing NPs to knock down target genes efficiently both in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic efficacy of NPs containing both cisplatin prodrug and REV1/REV3L-specific siRNAs was further investigated in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the NPs exhibited a significant and sustained suppression of both genes in tumors for up to 3 d after a single dose. Administering these NPs revealed a synergistic effect on tumor inhibition in a human Lymph Node Carcinoma of the Prostate xenograft mouse model that was strikingly more effective than platinum monotherapy.
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771
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Sun TM, Wang YC, Wang F, Du JZ, Mao CQ, Sun CY, Tang RZ, Liu Y, Zhu J, Zhu YH, Yang XZ, Wang J. Cancer stem cell therapy using doxorubicin conjugated to gold nanoparticles via hydrazone bonds. Biomaterials 2013; 35:836-45. [PMID: 24144908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of chemotherapies has demonstrated enhanced anti-cancer efficacy, mainly through the mechanisms of both passive and active targeting. Herein, we report other than these well-elucidated mechanisms, rationally designed nanoparticles can efficiently deliver drugs to cancer stem cells (CSCs), which in turn contributes significantly to the improved anti-cancer efficacy. We demonstrate that doxorubicin-tethered gold nanoparticles via a poly(ethylene glycol) spacer and an acid-labile hydrazone bond mediate potent doxorubicin delivery to breast CSCs, which reduces their mammosphere formation capacity and their cancer initiation activity, eliciting marked enhancement in tumor growth inhibition in murine models. The drug delivery mediated by the nanoparticles also markedly attenuates tumor growth during off-therapy stage by reducing breast CSCs in tumors, while the therapy with doxorubicin alone conversely evokes an enrichment of breast CSCs. Our findings suggest that with well-designed drug delivery system, the conventional chemotherapeutic agents are promising for cancer stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Meng Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China
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772
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Collier MA, Gallovic MD, Peine KJ, Duong AD, Bachelder EM, Gunn JS, Schlesinger LS, Ainslie KM. Delivery of host cell-directed therapeutics for intracellular pathogen clearance. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2013; 11:1225-35. [PMID: 24134600 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2013.845524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular pathogens present a major health risk because of their innate ability to evade clearance. Their location within host cells and ability to react to the host environment by mutation or transcriptional changes often enables survival mechanisms to resist standard therapies. Host-directed drugs do not target the pathogen, minimizing the potential development of drug resistance; however, they can be difficult to deliver efficiently to intracellular sites. Vehicle delivery of host-mediated response drugs not only improves drug distribution and toxicity profiles, but can reduce the total amount of drug necessary to clear infection. In this article, we will review some host-directed drugs and current drug delivery techniques that can be used to efficiently clear intracellular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Collier
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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773
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Nanoparticles containing insoluble drug for cancer therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 32:778-88. [PMID: 24113214 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle drug formulations have been extensively researched and developed in the field of drug delivery as a means to efficiently deliver insoluble drugs to tumor cells. By mechanisms of the enhanced permeability and retention effect, nanoparticle drug formulations are capable of greatly enhancing the safety, pharmacokinetic profiles and bioavailability of the administered treatment. Here, the progress of various nanoparticle formulations in both research and clinical applications is detailed with a focus on the development of drug/gene delivery systems. Specifically, the unique advantages and disadvantages of polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanocrystals and lipid-coated nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery will be investigated in detail.
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774
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Zoabi N, Golani-Armon A, Zinger A, Reshef M, Yaari Z, Vardi-Oknin D, Shatsberg Z, Shomar A, Shainsky-Roitman J, Schroeder A. The Evolution of Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery: From the EPR Effect to Nanoswimmers. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201300061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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775
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Curry T, Epstein T, Smith R, Kopelman R. Photothermal therapy of cancer cells mediated by blue hydrogel nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:1577-86. [PMID: 23432340 PMCID: PMC3758451 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the utility of biologically compatible, nontoxic and cell-specific targetable hydrogel nanoparticles (NPs), which have Coomassie® Brilliant Blue G dye (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA) covalently linked into their polyacrylamide matrix, as candidates for photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer cells. MATERIALS & METHODS Hydrogel NPs with Coomassie Brilliant Blue G dye covalently linked into their polyacrylamide matrix were fabricated using a reverse micelle microemulsion polymerization method and were found to be 80-95 nm in diameter, with an absorbance value of 0.52. PTT-induced hyperthermia/thermolysis was achieved at 37°C using an inexpensive, portable, light-emitting diode array light source (590 nm, 25 mW/cm(2)). RESULTS & CONCLUSION Hydrogel NPs with Coomassie Brilliant Blue G dye linked into their polyacrylamide matrix are effective in causing PTT-induced thermolysis in immortalized human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) cells for varying NP concentrations and treatment times. These multifunctional particles have previously been used in cancer studies to enable delineation, for glioma surgery and in photoacoustic imaging studies. The addition of the PTT function would enable a three-pronged theranostic approach to cancer medicine, such as guided tumor surgery with intra-operative photoacoustic imaging and intra-operative PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyjuana Curry
- Departments of Physics & Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tamir Epstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ron Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Raoul Kopelman
- Departments of Physics & Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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776
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van der Meel R, Vehmeijer LJC, Kok RJ, Storm G, van Gaal EVB. Ligand-targeted particulate nanomedicines undergoing clinical evaluation: current status. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1284-98. [PMID: 24018362 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the introduction of Doxil® on the market nearly 20years ago, a number of nanomedicines have become part of treatment regimens in the clinic. With the exception of antibody-drug conjugates, these nanomedicines are all devoid of targeting ligands and rely solely on their physicochemical properties and the (patho)physiological processes in the body for their biodistribution and targeting capability. At the same time, many preclinical studies have reported on nanomedicines exposing targeting ligands, or ligand-targeted nanomedicines, yet none of these have been approved at this moment. In the present review, we provide a concise overview of 13 ligand-targeted particulate nanomedicines (ligand-targeted PNMs) that have progressed into clinical trials. The progress of each ligand-targeted PNM is discussed based on available (pre)clinical data. Main conclusions of these analyses are that (a) ligand-targeted PNMs have proven to be safe and efficacious in preclinical models; (b) the vast majority of ligand-targeted PNMs is generated for the treatment of cancer; (c) contribution of targeting ligands to the PNM efficacy is not unambiguously proven; and (d) targeting ligands do not cause localization of the PNM within the target tissue, but rather provide benefits in terms of target cell internalization and target tissue retention once the PNM has arrived at the target site. Increased understanding of the in vivo fate and interactions of the ligand-targeted PNMs with proteins and cells in the human body is mandatory to rationally advance the clinical translation of ligand-targeted PNMs. Future perspectives for ligand-targeted PNM approaches include the delivery of drugs that are unable or inefficient in passing cellular membranes, treatment of drug resistant tumors, targeting of the tumor blood supply, the generation of targeted vaccines and nanomedicines that are able to cross the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy van der Meel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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777
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Ingle NP, Xue L, Reineke TM. Spatiotemporal cellular imaging of polymer-pDNA nanocomplexes affords in situ morphology and trafficking trends. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:4120-35. [PMID: 24007201 DOI: 10.1021/mp400115y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are ubiquitous in the development of drug and polynucleotide delivery vehicles, offering promise for personalized medicine. However, the polymer structure plays a central yet elusive role in dictating the efficacy, safety, mechanisms, and kinetics of therapeutic transport in a spatial and temporal manner. Here, we decipher the intracellular pathways pertaining to shape, size, location, and mechanism of four structurally divergent polymer vehicles (Tr455, Tr477, jetPEI, and Glycofect) that create colloidal nanoparticles (polyplexes) when complexed with fluorescently labeled plasmid DNA (pDNA). Multiple high resolution tomographic images of whole HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) cells were captured via confocal microscopy at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The images were reconstructed to visualize and quantify trends in situ in a four-dimensional spatiotemporal manner. The data revealed heretofore-unseen images of polyplexes in situ and structure-function relationships, i.e., Glycofect polyplexes are trafficked as the smallest polyplex complexes and Tr455 polyplexes have expedited translocation to the perinuclear region. Also, all of the polyplex types appeared to be preferentially internalized and trafficked via early endosomes affiliated with caveolae, a Rab-5-dependent pathway, actin, and microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh P Ingle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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778
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Ernsting MJ, Murakami M, Roy A, Li SD. Factors controlling the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and intratumoral penetration of nanoparticles. J Control Release 2013; 172:782-94. [PMID: 24075927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 645] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle drug delivery to the tumor is impacted by multiple factors: nanoparticles must evade clearance by renal filtration and the reticuloendothelial system, extravasate through the enlarged endothelial gaps in tumors, penetrate through dense stroma in the tumor microenvironment to reach the tumor cells, remain in the tumor tissue for a prolonged period of time, and finally release the active agent to induce pharmacological effect. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles such as size, shape, surface charge, surface chemistry (PEGylation, ligand conjugation) and composition affect the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, intratumoral penetration and tumor bioavailability. On the other hand, tumor biology (blood flow, perfusion, permeability, interstitial fluid pressure and stroma content) and patient characteristics (age, gender, tumor type, tumor location, body composition and prior treatments) also have impact on drug delivery by nanoparticles. It is now believed that both nanoparticles and the tumor microenvironment have to be optimized or adjusted for optimal delivery. This review provides a comprehensive summary of how these nanoparticle and biological factors impact nanoparticle delivery to tumors, with discussion on how the tumor microenvironment can be adjusted and how patients can be stratified by imaging methods to receive the maximal benefit of nanomedicine. Perspectives and future directions are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Ernsting
- Drug Delivery and Formulation, Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 101 College Street, Suite 800, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada; Ryerson University, Faculty of Architectural Science and Engineering, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1Z2, Canada
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779
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780
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Jain S, Doshi AS, Iyer AK, Amiji MM. Multifunctional nanoparticles for targeting cancer and inflammatory diseases. J Drug Target 2013; 21:888-903. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.832769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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781
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Krishnan V, Rajasekaran AK. Clinical nanomedicine: a solution to the chemotherapy conundrum in pediatric leukemia therapy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 95:168-78. [PMID: 24013811 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2013.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy-based treatment of leukemia has tremendously improved survival rates in children, induction of treatment-related side effects is a major concern in clinical oncology. The development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery techniques to target clinically approved anticancer agents specifically to leukemic cells should diminish toxic side effects. This review aims to address the rational design of nanotherapeutics in treating hematologic malignancies with a focus on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)--the most prominent form of pediatric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Krishnan
- 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA [2] Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, USA [3] Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - A K Rajasekaran
- 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA [2] Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, USA [3] Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA [4] Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Translational Cancer Research, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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782
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Venkatapathi M, Dastidar SG, Bharath P, Roy A, Ghosh A. Enhanced photoabsorption efficiency of incomplete nanoshells. OPTICS LETTERS 2013; 38:3275-3278. [PMID: 23988933 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.003275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The rather low scattering or extinction efficiency of small nanoparticles, metallic and otherwise, is significantly enhanced when they are adsorbed on a larger core particle. But the photoabsorption by particles with varying surface area fractions on a larger core particle is found to be limited by saturation. It is found that the core-shell particle can have a lower absorption efficiency than a dielectric core with its surface partially nucleated with absorbing particles-an "incomplete nanoshell" particle. We have both numerically and experimentally studied the optical efficiencies of titania (TiO2) nucleated in various degrees on silica (SiO2) nanospheres. We show that optimal surface nucleation over cores of appropriate sizes and optical properties will have a direct impact on the applications exploiting the absorption and scattering properties of such composite particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Venkatapathi
- Computational Photonics Laboratory, SERC, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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783
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Abstract
Poorly soluble drugs often encounter low bioavailability and erratic absorption patterns in the clinical setting. Due to the rising number of compounds having solubility issues, finding ways to enhance the solubility of drugs is one of the major challenges in the pharmaceutical industry today. Polymeric micelles, which form upon self-assembly of amphiphilic macromolecules, can act as solubilizing agents for delivery of poorly soluble drugs. This manuscript examines the fundamentals of polymeric micelles through reviews of representative literature and demonstrates possible applications through recent examples of clinical trial developments. In particular, the potential of polymeric micelles for delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs, especially in the areas of oral delivery and in cancer therapy, is discussed. Key considerations in utilizing polymeric micelles' advantages and overcoming potential disadvantages have been highlighted. Lastly, other possible strategies related to particle size reduction for enhancing solubilization of poorly water-soluble drugs are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- Purdue University, Departments of Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, IN 47906, U.S.A
| | - Kinam Park
- Purdue University, Departments of Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, IN 47906, U.S.A
- Kyung Hee University, School of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, Seoul, Korea
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784
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Correlating preclinical animal studies and human clinical trials of a multifunctional, polymeric nanoparticle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:15127-32. [PMID: 23980155 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1309566110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are currently being investigated in a number of human clinical trials. As information on how nanoparticles function in humans is difficult to obtain, animal studies that can be correlative to human behavior are needed to provide guidance for human clinical trials. Here, we report correlative studies on animals and humans for CRLX101, a 20- to 30-nm-diameter, multifunctional, polymeric nanoparticle containing camptothecin (CPT). CRLX101 is currently in phase 2 clinical trials, and human data from several of the clinical investigations are compared with results from multispecies animal studies. The pharmacokinetics of polymer-conjugated CPT (indicative of the CRLX101 nanoparticles) in mice, rats, dogs, and humans reveal that the area under the curve scales linearly with milligrams of CPT per square meter for all species. Plasma concentrations of unconjugated CPT released from CRLX101 in animals and humans are consistent with each other after accounting for differences in serum albumin binding of CPT. Urinary excretion of polymer-conjugated CPT occurs primarily within the initial 24 h after dosing in animals and humans. The urinary excretion dynamics of polymer-conjugated and unconjugated CPT appear similar between animals and humans. CRLX101 accumulates into solid tumors and releases CPT over a period of several days to give inhibition of its target in animal xenograft models of cancer and in the tumors of humans. Taken in total, the evidence provided from animal models on the CRLX101 mechanism of action suggests that the behavior of CRLX101 in animals is translatable to humans.
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785
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Mieszawska AJ, Kim Y, Gianella A, van Rooy I, Priem B, Labarre MP, Ozcan C, Cormode DP, Petrov A, Langer R, Farokhzad OC, Fayad ZA, Mulder WJM. Synthesis of polymer-lipid nanoparticles for image-guided delivery of dual modality therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1429-34. [PMID: 23957728 DOI: 10.1021/bc400166j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For advanced treatment of diseases such as cancer, multicomponent, multifunctional nanoparticles hold great promise. In the current study we report the synthesis of a complex nanoparticle (NP) system with dual drug loading as well as diagnostic properties. To that aim we present a methodology where chemically modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) polymer is formulated into a polymer-lipid NP that contains a cytotoxic drug doxorubicin (DOX) in the polymeric core and an anti-angiogenic drug sorafenib (SRF) in the lipidic corona. The NP core also contains gold nanocrystals (AuNCs) for imaging purposes and cyclodextrin molecules to maximize the DOX encapsulation in the NP core. In addition, a near-infrared (NIR) Cy7 dye was incorporated in the coating. To fabricate the NP we used a microfluidics-based technique that offers unique NP synthesis conditions, which allowed for encapsulation and fine-tuning of optimal ratios of all the NP components. NP phantoms could be visualized with computed tomography (CT) and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging. We observed timed release of the encapsulated drugs, with fast release of the corona drug SRF and delayed release of a core drug DOX. In tumor bearing mice intravenously administered NPs were found to accumulate at the tumor site by fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta J Mieszawska
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute and Imaging Science Laboratories and ⊥Zena and Michael and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York 10029, United States
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786
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Wang EC, Sinnott R, Werner ME, Sethi M, Whitehurst AW, Wang AZ. Differential cell responses to nanoparticle docetaxel and small molecule docetaxel at a sub-therapeutic dose range. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 10:321-8. [PMID: 23916886 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Current preclinical evaluations of nanoparticle taxanes have focused on the effect of nanoparticle size and shape on the efficacy and toxicity. It is generally assumed that nanoparticle therapeutics have the same cellular response on tumor and normal cells as their small molecule counterparts. Here, we show that nanoparticle taxanes can mediate cellular effects distinct from that of small molecule taxanes at the sub-therapeutic dose range. Cells that are exposed to two polymeric nanoparticle formulations of docetaxel were found to undergo a different cell cycle and cell fate than those of cells that were exposed to small molecule docetaxel. Our results suggest that nanoparticle formulation of therapeutics can affect the therapeutic effect of its cargo. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR This study investigates the differences between subtherapeutic doses of docetaxel applied as small molecules vs. nanoparticle formulations, demonstrating differential effects on the cell cycle and overall cell fate. The study suggests that the carrier may change the therapeutic effects of its cargo, which has important implications on future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina C Wang
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca Sinnott
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael E Werner
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Manish Sethi
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Angelique W Whitehurst
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Z Wang
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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787
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Yu Y, Tan S, Zhao S, Zhuang X, Song Q, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Zhang Z. Antitumor activity of docetaxel-loaded polymeric nanoparticles fabricated by Shirasu porous glass membrane-emulsification technique. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:2641-52. [PMID: 23935362 PMCID: PMC3735276 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s48214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) has excellent efficiency against a wide spectrum of cancers. However, the current clinical formulation has limited its usage, as it causes some severe side effects. Various polymeric nanoparticles have thus been developed as alternative formulations of DTX, but they have been mostly fabricated on a laboratory scale. Previously, we synthesized a novel copolymer, poly(lactide)-D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (PLA-TPGS), and found that it exhibited great potential in drug delivery with improved properties. In this study, we applied the Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane-emulsification technique to prepare the DTX-loaded PLA-TPGS nanoparticles on a pilot scale. The effect of several formulation variables on the DTX-loaded nanoparticle properties, including particle size, zeta potential, and drug-encapsulation efficiency, were investigated based on surfactant type and concentration in the aqueous phase, organic/aqueous phase volumetric ratio, membrane-pore size, transmembrane cycles, and operation pressure. The DTX-loaded nanoparticles were obtained with sizes of 306.8 ± 5.5 nm and 334.1 ± 2.7 nm (mean value ± standard deviation), and drug-encapsulation efficiency of 81.8% ± 4.5% and 64.5% ± 2.7% for PLA-TPGS and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, respectively. In vivo pharmacokinetic study exhibited a significant advantage of PLA-TPGS nanoparticles over PLGA nanoparticles and Taxotere. Drug-loaded PLA-TPGS nanoparticles exhibited 1.78-, 6.34- and 3.35-fold higher values for area under the curve, half-life, and mean residence time, respectively, compared with those of PLGA nanoparticles, and 2.23-, 13.2-, 8.51-fold higher than those of Taxotere, respectively. In vivo real-time distribution of nanoparticles was measured on tumor-bearing mice by near-infrared fluorescence imaging, which demonstrated that the PLA-TPGS nanoparticles achieved much higher concentration and longer retention in tumors than PLGA nanoparticles after intravenous injection. This is consistent with the pharmacokinetic behavior of the nanoparticles. The tumor-inhibitory effect of DTX-loaded nanoparticles was observed in vivo in an H22 tumor-bearing mice model via intravenous administration. This indicated that PLA-TPGS nanoparticles are a feasible drug-delivery formulation with a pilot fabrication technique and have superior pharmacokinetic and anticancer effects compared to the commercially available Taxotere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunni Yu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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788
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Nanoparticle drug loading as a design parameter to improve docetaxel pharmacokinetics and efficacy. Biomaterials 2013; 34:8424-9. [PMID: 23899444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) drug loading is one of the key defining characteristics of an NP formulation. However, the effect of NP drug loading on therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetics has not been thoroughly evaluated. Herein, we characterized the efficacy, toxicity and pharmacokinetic properties of NP docetaxel formulations that have differential drug loading but are otherwise identical. Particle Replication in Non-wetting Templates (PRINT(®)), a soft-lithography fabrication technique, was used to formulate NPs with identical size, shape and surface chemistry, but with variable docetaxel loading. The lower weight loading (9%-NP) of docetaxel was found to have a superior pharmacokinetic profile and enhanced efficacy in a murine cancer model when compared to that of a higher docetaxel loading (20%-NP). The 9%-NP docetaxel increased plasma and tumor docetaxel exposure and reduced liver, spleen and lung exposure when compared to that of 20%-NP docetaxel.
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789
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Targeting nanotherapeutics to the tumor microenvironment: how accurately can we aim? Ther Deliv 2013; 4:771-3. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.13.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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790
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Zou P, Helson L, Maitra A, Stern ST, McNeil SE. Polymeric curcumin nanoparticle pharmacokinetics and metabolism in bile duct cannulated rats. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1977-87. [PMID: 23534919 PMCID: PMC3683459 DOI: 10.1021/mp4000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated (nanocurcumin) and solvent-solubilized curcumin formulations in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Nanocurcumin is currently under development for cancer therapy. Since free, unencapsulated curcumin is rapidly metabolized and excreted in rats, upon intravenous (i.v.) administration of nanocurcumin only nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin can be detected in plasma samples. Hence, the second objective of this study was to utilize the metabolic instability of curcumin to assess in vivo drug release from nanocurcumin. Nanocurcumin and solvent-solubilized curcumin were administered at 10 mg curcumin/kg by jugular vein to bile duct-cannulated male SD rats (n = 5). Nanocurcumin increased the plasma Cmax of curcumin 1749 fold relative to the solvent-solubilized curcumin. Nanocurcumin also increased the relative abundance of curcumin and glucuronides in bile but did not dramatically alter urine and tissue metabolite profiles. The observed increase in biliary and urinary excretion of both curcumin and metabolites for the nanocurcumin formulation suggested a rapid "burst" release of curcumin. Although the burst release observed in this study is a limitation for targeted tumor delivery, nanocurcumin still exhibits major advantages over solvent-solubilized curcumin, as the nanoformulation does not result in the lung accumulation observed for the solvent-solubilized curcumin and increases overall systemic curcumin exposure. Additionally, the remaining encapsulated curcumin fraction following burst release is available for tumor delivery via the enhanced permeation and retention effect commonly observed for nanoparticle formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zou
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Lawrence Helson
- Sign Path Pharma, Inc, 1375 California Road, Quakertown, PA 18951
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Stephan T. Stern
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Scott E. McNeil
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
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791
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Dual and multi-stimuli responsive polymeric nanoparticles for programmed site-specific drug delivery. Biomaterials 2013; 34:3647-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 999] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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792
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Bao G, Mitragotri S, Tong S. Multifunctional nanoparticles for drug delivery and molecular imaging. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2013; 15:253-82. [PMID: 23642243 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071812-152409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology and growing needs in biomedical applications have driven the development of multifunctional nanoparticles. These nanoparticles, through nanocrystalline synthesis, advanced polymer processing, and coating and functionalization strategies, have the potential to integrate various functionalities, simultaneously providing (a) contrast for different imaging modalities, (b) targeted delivery of drug/gene, and (c) thermal therapies. Although still in its infancy, the field of multifunctional nanoparticles has shown great promise in emerging medical fields such as multimodal imaging, theranostics, and image-guided therapies. In this review, we summarize the techniques used in the synthesis of complex nanostructures, review the major forms of multifunctional nanoparticles that have emerged over the past few years, and provide a perceptual vision of this important field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Bao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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793
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Dunn SS, Byrne JD, Perry JL, Chen K, DeSimone JM. Generating Better Medicines for Cancer. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:393-397. [PMID: 23772351 DOI: 10.1021/mz400116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of tumor biology warrants tailored drug delivery for overcoming the major challenges faced by cancer therapies. The versatility of the PRINT® (Particle Replication In Non-wetting Templates) process has enabled the preparation of shape- and size-specific particles with a wide range of chemical compositions and therapeutic cargos. Different particle matrices and drugs may be combined in a plug-and-play approach, such that physico-chemical characteristics of delivery vectors may be optimized for biocompatibility, cargo stability and release, circulation half-life, and efficacy. Thus, the engineering of particles for cancer therapy with specific biophysical behaviors and cellular responses has been demonstrated via the PRINT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart S. Dunn
- Wyss Institute for
Biologically Inspired Engineering, School of Engineering
and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | | | | | | | - Joseph M. DeSimone
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United
States
- Sloan-Kettering
Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New
York, New York 10065, United States
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794
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Recent progress in nanomedicine: therapeutic, diagnostic and theranostic applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 24:1159-66. [PMID: 23578464 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of nanomedicine formulations for therapeutic and diagnostic applications has increased exponentially. Many different systems and strategies have been developed for drug targeting to pathological sites, as well as for visualizing and quantifying important (patho-) physiological processes. In addition, ever more efforts have been undertaken to combine diagnostic and therapeutic properties within a single nanomedicine formulation. These so-called nanotheranostics are able to provide valuable information on drug delivery, drug release and drug efficacy, and they are considered to be highly useful for personalizing nanomedicine-based (chemo-) therapeutic interventions.
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795
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Development and in vivo efficacy of targeted polymeric inflammation-resolving nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:6506-11. [PMID: 23533277 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1303377110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammation and failed resolution of the inflammatory response are underlying components of numerous conditions such as arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Hence, therapeutics that dampen inflammation and enhance resolution are of considerable interest. In this study, we demonstrate the proresolving activity of sub-100-nm nanoparticles (NPs) containing the anti-inflammatory peptide Ac2-26, an annexin A1/lipocortin 1-mimetic peptide. These NPs were engineered using biodegradable diblock poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-polyethyleneglycol and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-polyethyleneglycol collagen IV-targeted polymers. Using a self-limited zymosan-induced peritonitis model, we show that the Ac2-26 NPs (100 ng per mouse) were significantly more potent than Ac2-26 native peptide at limiting recruitment of polymononuclear neutrophils (56% vs. 30%) and at decreasing the resolution interval up to 4 h. Moreover, systemic administration of collagen IV targeted Ac2-26 NPs (in as low as 1 µg peptide per mouse) was shown to significantly block tissue damage in hind-limb ischemia-reperfusion injury by up to 30% in comparison with controls. Together, these findings demonstrate that Ac2-26 NPs are proresolving in vivo and raise the prospect of their use in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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796
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Abstract
Chemoradiotherapy, the concurrent administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, is a treatment paradigm in oncology. It is part of the standard of care and curative treatment of many cancers. Given its importance, one of the primary goals of cancer research has been to identify agents and/or strategies that can improve the therapeutic index of chemoradiation. Recent advances in nanomedicine have provided a unique and unprecedented opportunity for improving chemoradiotherapy. Nanoparticles possess properties that are ideally suited for delivering chemotherapy in the chemoradiation setting. The goal of this review is to examine the role of incorporating nanomedicine into chemoradiation and the potential impact of nanomedicine to chemoradiotherapy.
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797
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Bensaid F, Thillaye du Boullay O, Amgoune A, Pradel C, Harivardhan Reddy L, Didier E, Sablé S, Louit G, Bazile D, Bourissou D. Y-Shaped mPEG-PLA Cabazitaxel Conjugates: Well-Controlled Synthesis by Organocatalytic Approach and Self-Assembly into Interface Drug-Loaded Core–Corona Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1189-98. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400161g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fethi Bensaid
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062
Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Thillaye du Boullay
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062
Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062
Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Pradel
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062
Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - L. Harivardhan Reddy
- Sanofi Research and Development, Lead Generation to Candidate Realization
Platform, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Eric Didier
- Sanofi Research and Development, Lead Generation to Candidate Realization
Platform, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Serge Sablé
- Sanofi Research and Development, Lead Generation to Candidate Realization
Platform, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Guillaume Louit
- Sanofi Research and Development, Lead Generation to Candidate Realization
Platform, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Didier Bazile
- Sanofi Research and Development, Lead Generation to Candidate Realization
Platform, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062
Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
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798
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Cellular internalization pathway and transcellular transport of pegylated polyester nanoparticles in Caco-2 cells. Int J Pharm 2013; 445:58-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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799
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Jo DH, Kim JH, Lee TG, Kim JH. Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Angiogenesis-Related Blindness. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2013; 29:135-42. [DOI: 10.1089/jop.2012.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Jo
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- World Class Laboratory, Center for Nano-Bio Convergence, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano and Bio Surface Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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800
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Meng H, Mai WX, Zhang H, Xue M, Xia T, Lin S, Wang X, Zhao Y, Ji Z, Zink JI, Nel AE. Codelivery of an optimal drug/siRNA combination using mesoporous silica nanoparticles to overcome drug resistance in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. ACS NANO 2013; 7:994-1005. [PMID: 23289892 PMCID: PMC3620006 DOI: 10.1021/nn3044066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We used a multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSNP) carrier to overcome doxorubicin (Dox) resistance in a multidrug resistant (MDR) human breast cancer xenograft by codelivering Dox and siRNA that targets the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) drug exporter. The Pgp siRNA selection from among a series of drug resistance targets was achieved by performing high throughput screening in a MDR breast cancer cell line, MCF-7/MDR. Following the establishment of a MCF-7/MDR xenograft model in nude mice, we demonstrated that a 50 nm MSNP, functionalized by a polyethyleneimine-polyethylene glycol (PEI-PEG) copolymer, provides protected delivery of stably bound Dox and Pgp siRNA to the tumor site. The effective biodistribution and reduced reticuloendothelial uptake, as a result of our nanocarrier design, allowed us to achieve an 8% enhanced permeability and retention effect at the tumor site. Compared to free Dox or the carrier loaded with either drug or siRNA alone, the dual delivery system resulted in synergistic inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Analysis of multiple xenograft biopsies demonstrated significant Pgp knockdown at heterogeneous tumor sites that correspond to the regions where Dox was released intracellularly and induced apoptosis. We emphasize that the heterogeneity originates in the tumor microenvironment, which influences the vascular access, rather than heterogeneous Pgp expression in the MDR cells. Taken together, these data provide proof-of-principle testing of the use of a dual drug/siRNA nanocarrier to overcome Dox resistance in a xenograft. The study also provides the first detailed analysis of the impact of heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment on the efficacy of siRNA delivery in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Meng
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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