801
|
Panetier JA, Letko CS, Tilley TD, Head-Gordon M. Computational Characterization of Redox Non-Innocence in Cobalt-Bis(Diaryldithiolene)-Catalyzed Proton Reduction. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 12:223-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien A. Panetier
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Materials Sciences Division and ‡Chemical Sciences
Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher S. Letko
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Materials Sciences Division and ‡Chemical Sciences
Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Materials Sciences Division and ‡Chemical Sciences
Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Materials Sciences Division and ‡Chemical Sciences
Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
802
|
Xiong J, Han C, Li Z, Dou S. Effects of nanostructure on clean energy: big solutions gained from small features. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-015-0972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
803
|
Wu X, Li F, Zhang B, Sun L. Molecular complexes in water oxidation: Pre-catalysts or real catalysts. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
804
|
Wondraczek L, Tyystjärvi E, Méndez-Ramos J, Müller FA, Zhang Q. Shifting the Sun: Solar Spectral Conversion and Extrinsic Sensitization in Natural and Artificial Photosynthesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2015; 2:1500218. [PMID: 27774377 PMCID: PMC5063168 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy harvesting is largely limited by the spectral sensitivity of the employed energy conversion system, where usually large parts of the solar spectrum do not contribute to the harvesting scheme, and where, of the contributing fraction, the full potential of each photon is not efficiently used in the generation of electrical or chemical energy. Extrinsic sensitization through photoluminescent spectral conversion has been proposed as a route to at least partially overcome this problem. Here, we discuss this approach in the emerging context of photochemical energy harvesting and storage through natural or artificial photosynthesis. Clearly contrary to application in photovoltaic energy conversion, implementation of solar spectral conversion for extrinsic sensitization of a photosynthetic machinery is very straightforward, and-when compared to intrinsic sensitization-less-strict limitations with regard to quantum coherence are seen. We now argue the ways in which extrinsic sensitization through photoluminescent spectral converters will-and will not-play its role in the area of ultra-efficient photosynthesis, and also illustrate how such extrinsic sensitization requires dedicated selection of specific conversion schemes and design strategies on system scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Wondraczek
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research University of Jena Jena 07743 Germany; Centre for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)University of Jena Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Esa Tyystjärvi
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry University of Turku 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Jorge Méndez-Ramos
- Department of Physics University La Laguna 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Spain
| | - Frank A Müller
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research University of Jena Jena 07743 Germany; Centre for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)University of Jena Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Optical Communication Materials South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
805
|
Najafpour MM, Ebrahimi F, Safdari R, Ghobadi MZ, Tavahodi M, Rafighi P. New findings and the current controversies for water oxidation by a copper(ii)-azo complex: homogeneous or heterogeneous? Dalton Trans 2015; 44:15435-40. [PMID: 26266708 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01836f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, new findings for the water-oxidizing activity of [(L)Cu(II)(NO3)], (L = (E)-3-(pyridin-2-yldiazenyl)naphthalen-2-ol (HL)) under both electro-water oxidation conditions and in the presence of cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
806
|
Sato Y, Takizawa SY, Murata S. Substituent Effects on Physical Properties and Catalytic Activities toward Water Oxidation in Mononuclear Ruthenium Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
807
|
Khan S, Yang KR, Ertem MZ, Batista VS, Brudvig GW. Mechanism of Manganese-Catalyzed Oxygen Evolution from Experimental and Theoretical Analyses of 18O Kinetic Isotope Effects. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahr Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Ke R. Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Mehmed Z. Ertem
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555A, Upton, New
York 11973, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| |
Collapse
|
808
|
Ashford DL, Gish MK, Vannucci AK, Brennaman MK, Templeton JL, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Molecular Chromophore–Catalyst Assemblies for Solar Fuel Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13006-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis L. Ashford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Melissa K. Gish
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Aaron K. Vannucci
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - M. Kyle Brennaman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - John M. Papanikolas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| |
Collapse
|
809
|
Bachmann C, Probst B, Oberholzer M, Fox T, Alberto R. Photocatalytic proton reduction with ruthenium and cobalt complexes immobilized on fumed reversed-phase silica. Chem Sci 2015; 7:436-445. [PMID: 29861992 PMCID: PMC5952309 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02124c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalytic hydrogen production with a non-covalently immobilized molecular ruthenium based photosensitizer (PS) and a cobalt polypyridyl based water reducing catalyst (WRC) is reported. PS and WRC were derivatized with C18-alkyl chains and immobilized by adsorption on hydrophobic fumed silica. The resulting loaded support was suspended in water with anionic or cationic surfactants and subjected to heterogeneous photocatalytic H2 production with ascorbate as sacrificial electron donor (SED). No leaching was observed under catalytic conditions, thus catalysis was truly heterogeneous. The catalytic performance of immobilized PS and WRC clearly exceeded that of homogeneous catalysis at low concentrations. At high concentration, diffusion and light limitation lead to lower reaction rates, but the same stability as for homogeneous reactions was still achieved. WRC concentration variations indicated a relatively high stability (up to 1300 H2/Co) and mobility of amphiphilic catalysts on the hydrophobic silica surface. Comparison of fumed silica with porous and non-porous silica showed, that a high BET surface area along with a good accessibility from the reaction media are crucial for catalytic performance. Mechanistic investigations by transient absorption spectroscopy displayed reductive quenching of excited PS by ascorbate followed by on particle electron transfer to WRC as reaction pathway. Particles with additional cationic surfactants exhibited a significantly higher catalytic performance as compared to anionic surfactants. Non-covalent anchoring of correspondingly derivatized WRCs or PSs to reversed-phase silica offers a rapid and versatile transition from homogeneous to heterogeneous molecular proton reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstr. 190 , CH-8057 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - B Probst
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstr. 190 , CH-8057 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - M Oberholzer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstr. 190 , CH-8057 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - T Fox
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstr. 190 , CH-8057 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - R Alberto
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstr. 190 , CH-8057 Zürich , Switzerland .
| |
Collapse
|
810
|
Chen M, Wu Y, Han Y, Lin X, Sun J, Zhang W, Cao R. An Iron-based Film for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution from Neutral Aqueous Solution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21852-21859. [PMID: 26368828 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An ultrathin Fe-based film was prepared by electrodeposition from an Fe(II) solution through a fast and simple cyclic voltammetry method. The extremely low Fe loading of 12.3 nmol cm(-2) on indium tin oxide electrodes is crucial for high atom efficiency and transparence of the resulted film. This Fe-based film was shown to be a very efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution from neutral aqueous solution with remarkable activity and stability. In a 34 h controlled potential electrolysis at 1.45 V (vs NHE) and pH 7.0, impressive turnover number of 5.2 × 10(4) and turnover frequency of 1528 h(-1) were obtained. To the best of our knowledge, these values represent one of the highest among electrodeposited catalyst films for water oxidation under comparable conditions. The morphology and the composition of the catalyst film was determined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, which all confirmed the deposition of Fe-based materials with Fe(III) oxidation state on the electrode. This study is significant because of the use of iron, the fast and simple cyclic voltammetry electrodeposition, the extremely low catalyst loading and thus the transparency of the catalyst film, the remarkable activity and stability, and the oxygen evolution in neutral aqueous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yizhen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yongzhen Han
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiaohuan Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junliang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119, China
| |
Collapse
|
811
|
Quaranta A, Charalambidis G, Herrero C, Margiola S, Leibl W, Coutsolelos A, Aukauloo A. Synergistic "ping-pong" energy transfer for efficient light activation in a chromophore-catalyst dyad. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:24166-72. [PMID: 26327298 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a porphyrin-Ru(II) polypyridine complex where the porphyrin acts as a photoactive unit and the Ru(II) polypyridine as a catalytic precursor is described. Comparatively, the free base porphyrin was found to outperform the ruthenium based chromophore in the yield of light induced electron transfer. Mechanistic insights indicate the occurrence of a ping-pong energy transfer from the (1)LC excited state of the porphyrin chromophore to the (3)MCLT state of the catalyst and back to the (3)LC excited state of the porphyrin unit. The latter, triplet-triplet energy transfer back to the chromophore, efficiently competes with fast radiationless deactivation of the excited state at the catalyst site. The energy thus recovered by the chromophore allows improved yield of formation of the oxidized form of the chromophore and concomitantly of the oxidation of the catalytic unit by intramolecular charge transfer. The presented results are among the rare examples where a porphyrin chromophore is successfully used to drive an oxidative activation process where reductive processes prevail in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Quaranta
- Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie Structurale et Mécanismes (SB2SM), CEA, iBiTec-S, Biochimie Biophysique et Biologie Structurale (B3S), I2BC, UMR 9198, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
812
|
Nguyen AI, Ziegler MS, Oña-Burgos P, Sturzbecher-Hohne M, Kim W, Bellone DE, Tilley TD. Mechanistic Investigations of Water Oxidation by a Molecular Cobalt Oxide Analogue: Evidence for a Highly Oxidized Intermediate and Exclusive Terminal Oxo Participation. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12865-72. [PMID: 26390993 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis (AP) promises to replace society's dependence on fossil energy resources via conversion of sunlight into sustainable, carbon-neutral fuels. However, large-scale AP implementation remains impeded by a dearth of cheap, efficient catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Cobalt oxide materials can catalyze the OER and are potentially scalable due to the abundance of cobalt in the Earth's crust; unfortunately, the activity of these materials is insufficient for practical AP implementation. Attempts to improve cobalt oxide's activity have been stymied by limited mechanistic understanding that stems from the inherent difficulty of characterizing structure and reactivity at surfaces of heterogeneous materials. While previous studies on cobalt oxide revealed the intermediacy of the unusual Co(IV) oxidation state, much remains unknown, including whether bridging or terminal oxo ligands form O2 and what the relevant oxidation states are. We have addressed these issues by employing a homogeneous model for cobalt oxide, the [Co(III)4] cubane (Co4O4(OAc)4py4, py = pyridine, OAc = acetate), that can be oxidized to the [Co(IV)Co(III)3] state. Upon addition of 1 equiv of sodium hydroxide, the [Co(III)4] cubane is regenerated with stoichiometric formation of O2. Oxygen isotopic labeling experiments demonstrate that the cubane core remains intact during this stoichiometric OER, implying that terminal oxo ligands are responsible for forming O2. The OER is also examined with stopped-flow UV-visible spectroscopy, and its kinetic behavior is modeled, to surprisingly reveal that O2 formation requires disproportionation of the [Co(IV)Co(III)3] state to generate an even higher oxidation state, formally [Co(V)Co(III)3] or [Co(IV)2Co(III)2]. The mechanistic understanding provided by these results should accelerate the development of OER catalysts leading to increasingly efficient AP systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy I Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Micah S Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería , Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Manuel Sturzbecher-Hohne
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Wooyul Kim
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Donatela E Bellone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
813
|
Li J, Zhou S, Wu XN, Tang S, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. On the Mechanisms of Hydrogen-Atom Transfer from Water to the Heteronuclear Oxide Cluster [Ga2 Mg2 O5 ](.+) : Remarkable Electronic Structure Effects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11861-4. [PMID: 26277446 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic insight into the homolytic cleavage of the O-H bond of water by the heteronuclear oxide cluster [Ga2 Mg2 O5 ](.+) has been derived from state-of-the-art gas-phase experiments in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations. Three pathways have been identified computationally. In addition to the conventional hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) to the radical center of a bridging oxygen atom, two mechanistically distinct proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) processes have been identified. The energetically most favored path involves initial coordination of the incoming water ligand to a magnesium atom followed by an intramolecular proton transfer to the lone-pair of the bridging oxygen atom. This step, which is accomplished by an electronic reorganization, generates two structurally equivalent OH groups either of which can be liberated, in agreement with labeling experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Li
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin (Germany).,Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023 (P.R. China)
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Xiao-Nan Wu
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Shiya Tang
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin (Germany).
| |
Collapse
|
814
|
Li X, Clatworthy EB, Masters AF, Maschmeyer T. Molecular Cobalt Clusters as Precursors of Distinct Active Species in Electrochemical, Photochemical, and Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Reactions in Phosphate Electrolytes. Chemistry 2015; 21:16578-84. [PMID: 26404053 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Three cobalt model molecular compounds, Co-cubane ([Co4 (µ3 -O)4 (µ-OAc)4 py4 ]), Co-trimer ([Co3 (μ3 -O)(µ-OAc)6 py3 ]PF6 ), and Co-dimer ([Co2 (μ-OH)2 (µ-OAc)(OAc)2 py4 ]PF6 ), are investigated as water oxidation reaction (WOR) catalysts, using electrochemical, photochemical, and photoelectrochemical methodologies in phosphate electrolyte. The actual species contributing to the catalytic activity observed in the WOR are derived from the transformation of these cobalt compounds. The catalytic activity observed is highly dependent on the initial compound structure and on the particular WOR methodology used. Co-cubane shows no activity in the electrochemical WOR and negligible activity in the photochemical WOR, but is active in the photoelectrochemical WOR, in which it behaves as a precursor to catalytically active species. Co-dimer also shows no activity in the electrochemical WOR, but behaves as a precursor to catalytically active species in both the photochemical and photoelectrochemical WOR experiments. Co-trimer behaves as a precursor to catalytically active species in all three of the WOR methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-9351-3329
| | - Edwin B Clatworthy
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-9351-3329
| | - Anthony F Masters
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-9351-3329
| | - Thomas Maschmeyer
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-9351-3329.
| |
Collapse
|
815
|
Robinson TP, De Rosa DM, Aldridge S, Goicoechea JM. E-H Bond Activation of Ammonia and Water by a Geometrically Constrained Phosphorus(III) Compound. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13758-63. [PMID: 26404498 PMCID: PMC4648037 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a phosphorus(III) compound bearing a N,N-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-phenoxy)amide ligand is reported. This species has been found to react with ammonia and water, activating the E–H bonds in both substrates by formal oxidative addition to afford the corresponding phosphorus(V) compounds. In the case of water, both O–H bonds can be activated, splitting the molecule into its constituent elements. To our knowledge, this is the first example of a compound based on main group elements that sequentially activates water in this manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Daniel M De Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK).
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK).
| |
Collapse
|
816
|
Ru(II)-diimine functionalized metalloproteins: From electron transfer studies to light-driven biocatalysis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1857:589-597. [PMID: 26392147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The unique photochemical properties of Ru(II)-diimine complexes have helped initiate a series of seminal electron transfer studies in metalloenzymes. It has thus been possible to experimentally determine rate constants for long-range electron transfers. These studies have laid the foundation for the investigation of reactive intermediates in heme proteins and for the design of light-activated biocatalysts. Various metalloenzymes such as hydrogenase, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, nitrogenase, laccase and cytochrome P450 BM3 have been functionalized with Ru(II)-diimine complexes. Upon visible light-excitation, these photosensitized metalloproteins are capable of sustaining photocatalytic activity to reduce small molecules such as protons, acetylene, hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide or activate molecular dioxygen to produce hydroxylated products. The Ru(II)-diimine photosensitizers are hence able to deliver multiple electrons to metalloenzymes buried active sites, circumventing the need for the natural redox partners. In this review, we will highlight the key achievements of the light-driven biocatalysts, which stem from the extensive electron transfer investigations. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biodesign for Bioenergetics--the design and engineering of electronic transfer cofactors, proteins and protein networks, edited by Ronald L. Koder and J.L. Ross Anderson.
Collapse
|
817
|
Fukuzumi S, Ohkubo K, Lee YM, Nam W. Lewis Acid Coupled Electron Transfer of Metal-Oxygen Intermediates. Chemistry 2015; 21:17548-59. [PMID: 26404482 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Redox-inactive metal ions and Brønsted acids that function as Lewis acids play pivotal roles in modulating the redox reactivity of metal-oxygen intermediates, such as metal-oxo and metal-peroxo complexes. The mechanisms of the oxidative CH bond cleavage of toluene derivatives, sulfoxidation of thioanisole derivatives, and epoxidation of styrene derivatives by mononuclear nonheme iron(IV)-oxo complexes in the presence of triflic acid (HOTf) and Sc(OTf)3 have been unified as rate-determining electron transfer coupled with binding of Lewis acids (HOTf and Sc(OTf)3 ) by iron(III)-oxo complexes. All logarithms of the observed second-order rate constants of Lewis acid-promoted oxidative CH bond cleavage, sulfoxidation, and epoxidation reactions of iron(IV)-oxo complexes exhibit remarkably unified correlations with the driving forces of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) and metal ion-coupled electron transfer (MCET) in light of the Marcus theory of electron transfer when the differences in the formation constants of precursor complexes were taken into account. The binding of HOTf and Sc(OTf)3 to the metal-oxo moiety has been confirmed for Mn(IV) -oxo complexes. The enhancement of the electron-transfer reactivity of metal-oxo complexes by binding of Lewis acids increases with increasing the Lewis acidity of redox-inactive metal ions. Metal ions can also bind to mononuclear nonheme iron(III)-peroxo complexes, resulting in acceleration of the electron-transfer reduction but deceleration of the electron-transfer oxidation. Such a control on the reactivity of metal-oxygen intermediates by binding of Lewis acids provides valuable insight into the role of Ca(2+) in the oxidation of water to dioxygen by the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750 (Korea). .,Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 (Japan). .,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Aichi, Nagoya, 468-0073 (Japan).
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750 (Korea).,Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 (Japan)
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750 (Korea)
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750 (Korea).
| |
Collapse
|
818
|
Robinson TP, De Rosa DM, Aldridge S, Goicoechea JM. E-H Bond Activation of Ammonia and Water by a Geometrically Constrained Phosphorus(III) Compound. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
819
|
Detz RJ, Abiri Z, Kluwer AM, Reek JNH. A Fluorescence-Based Screening Protocol for the Identification of Water Oxidation Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3057-3061. [PMID: 26338012 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficient catalysts are crucial for the sustainable generation of fuel by splitting water. A versatile screening protocol would simplify the identification of novel and better catalysts by using high throughput experimentation. Herein, such a screening approach for the identification of molecular catalysts for chemical oxidation of water is reported, which is based on oxygen-sensitive fluorescence quenching using an OxoDish. More than 200 reactions were performed revealing several catalysts, for example, a dinuclear Fe complex that produced oxygen under the used reaction conditions. Clark electrode measurements confirmed a similar rate in oxygen evolution, making the developed parallel screening approach a robust and versatile tool to screen for molecular water oxidation catalysts using chemical oxidants under acidic and neutral conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remko J Detz
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | - Zohar Abiri
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
- InCatT B.V., Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | | | - Joost N H Reek
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam (The Netherlands).
| |
Collapse
|
820
|
Suseno S, McCrory CCL, Tran R, Gul S, Yano J, Agapie T. Molecular Mixed-Metal Manganese Oxido Cubanes as Precursors to Heterogeneous Oxygen Evolution Catalysts. Chemistry 2015; 21:13420-30. [PMID: 26246131 PMCID: PMC4868073 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined mixed-metal [CoMn3 O4 ] and [NiMn3 O4 ] cubane complexes were synthesized and used as precursors for heterogeneous oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts. The discrete clusters were dropcasted onto glassy carbon (GC) and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes, and the OER activities of the resulting films were evaluated. The catalytic surfaces were analyzed by various techniques to gain insight into the structure-function relationships of the electrocatalysts' heterometallic composition. Depending on preparation conditions, the Co-Mn oxide was found to change metal composition during catalysis, while the Ni-Mn oxides maintained the NiMn3 ratio. XAS studies provided structural insights indicating that the electrocatalysts are different from the molecular precursors, but that the original NiMn3 O4 cubane-like geometry was maintained in the absence of thermal treatment (2-Ni). In contrast, the thermally generated 3-Ni develops an oxide-like extended structure. Both 2-Ni and 3-Ni undergo structural changes upon electrolysis, but they do not convert into the same material. The observed structural motifs in these heterogeneous electrocatalysts are reminiscent of the biological oxygen-evolving complex in Photosystem II, including the MMn3 O4 cubane moiety. The reported studies demonstrate the use of discrete heterometallic oxide clusters as precursors for heterogeneous water oxidation catalysts of novel composition and the distinct behavior of two sets of mixed metal oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Suseno
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125 (USA)
| | - Charles C L McCrory
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Pasadena, California 91125 (USA)
| | - Rosalie Tran
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (USA)
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (USA)
| | - Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (USA)
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125 (USA).
| |
Collapse
|
821
|
Li M, Takada K, Goldsmith JI, Bernhard S. Iridium(III) Bis-Pyridine-2-Sulfonamide Complexes as Efficient and Durable Catalysts for Homogeneous Water Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:518-26. [PMID: 26355840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A family of tetradentate bis(pyridine-2-sulfonamide) (bpsa) compounds was synthesized as a ligand platform for designing resilient and electronically tunable catalysts capable of performing water oxidation catalysis and other processes in highly oxidizing environments. These wrap-around ligands were coordinated to Ir(III) octahedrally, forming an anionic complex with chloride ions bound to the two remaining coordination sites. NMR spectroscopy documented that the more rigid ligand frameworks-[Ir(bpsa-Cy)Cl2](-) and [Ir(bpsa-Ph)Cl2](-)-produced C1-symmetric complexes, while the complex with the more flexible ethylene linker in [Ir(bpsa-en)Cl2](-) displays C2 symmetry. Their electronic structure was explored with DFT calculations and cyclic voltammetry in nonaqueous environments, which unveiled highly reversible Ir(III)/Ir(IV) redox processes and more complex, irreversible reduction chemistry. Addition of water to the electrolyte revealed the ability of these complexes to catalyze the water oxidation reaction efficiently. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance studies confirmed that a molecular species is responsible for the observed electrocatalytic behavior and ruled out the formation of active IrOx. The electrochemical studies were complemented by work on chemically driven water oxidation, where the catalytic activity of the iridium complexes was studied upon exposure to ceric ammonium nitrate, a strong, one-electron oxidant. Variation of the catalyst concentrations helped to illuminate the kinetics of these water oxidation processes and highlighted the robustness of these systems. Stable performance for over 10 days with thousands of catalyst turnovers was observed with the C1-symmetric catalysts. Dynamic light scattering experiments ascertained that a molecular species is responsible for the catalytic activity and excluded the formation of IrOx particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kazutake Takada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Jonas I Goldsmith
- Department of Chemistry, Bryn Mawr College , Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania 19010, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| |
Collapse
|
822
|
Li J, Zhou S, Wu XN, Tang S, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. Zum Mechanismus des Wasserstoffatomtransfers von Wasser auf den heteronuklearen Oxidcluster [Ga2Mg2O5].+: außergewöhnliche Effekte der elektronischen Struktur. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
823
|
Yatabe T, Kikkawa M, Matsumoto T, Urabe K, Robertson A, Nakai H, Ogo S. An Fe-based Model for Metabolism Linking between O 2-reduction and H 2O-oxidation. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yatabe
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University
| | - Mitsuhiro Kikkawa
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University
| | - Takahiro Matsumoto
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University
| | - Keishi Urabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Andrew Robertson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Hidetaka Nakai
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University
| | - Seiji Ogo
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University
| |
Collapse
|
824
|
Water Oxidation by Ru-Polyoxometalate Catalysts: Overpotential Dependency on the Number and Charge of the Metal Centers. INORGANICS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics3030374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
825
|
Najafpour MM, Ghobadi MZ, Larkum AW, Shen JR, Allakhverdiev SI. The biological water-oxidizing complex at the nano-bio interface. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 20:559-68. [PMID: 26183174 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is one of the most important processes on our planet, providing food and oxygen for the majority of living organisms on Earth. Over the past 30 years scientists have made great strides in understanding the central photosynthetic process of oxygenic photosynthesis, whereby water is used to provide the hydrogen and reducing equivalents vital to CO2 reduction and sugar formation. A recent crystal structure at 1.9-1.95Å has made possible an unparalleled map of the structure of photosystem II (PSII) and particularly the manganese-calcium (Mn-Ca) cluster, which is responsible for splitting water. Here we review how knowledge of the water-splitting site provides important criteria for the design of artificial Mn-based water-oxidizing catalysts, allowing the development of clean and sustainable solar energy technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran; Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Mohadeseh Zarei Ghobadi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Anthony W Larkum
- Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia; Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
826
|
Kaiser M, Knör G. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of Functionalized Trinuclear Iron-Sulfur Clusters - A New Class of Bioinspired Hydrogenase Models. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015; 2015:4199-4206. [PMID: 26512211 PMCID: PMC4612652 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The air- and moisture-stable iron-sulfur carbonyl clusters Fe3S2(CO)7(dppm) (1) and Fe3S2(CO)7(dppf) (2) carrying the bisphosphine ligands bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane (dppm) and 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene (dppf) were prepared and fully characterized. Two alternative synthetic routes based on different thionation reactions of triiron dodecacarbonyl were tested. The molecular structures of the methylene-bridged compound 1 and the ferrocene-functionalized derivative 2 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The catalytic reactivity of the trinuclear iron-sulfur cluster core for proton reduction in solution at low overpotential was demonstrated. These deeply colored bisphosphine-bridged sulfur-capped iron carbonyl systems are discussed as promising candidates for the development of new bioinspired model compounds of iron-based hydrogenases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Kaiser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU) , Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria , http://www.anorganik.jku.at
| | - Günther Knör
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU) , Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria , http://www.anorganik.jku.at
| |
Collapse
|
827
|
Wei J, Feng Y, Zhou P, Liu Y, Xu J, Xiang R, Ding Y, Zhao C, Fan L, Hu C. A Bioinspired Molecular Polyoxometalate Catalyst with Two Cobalt(II) Oxide Cores for Photocatalytic Water Oxidation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:2630-2634. [PMID: 26130568 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the bottleneck of water splitting, the exploration of efficient, selective, and stable water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is crucial. We report an all-inorganic, oxidatively and hydrolytically stable WOC based on a polyoxometalate [(A-α-SiW9 O34)2Co8(OH)6(H2O)2(CO3)3](16-) (Co8 POM). As a cobalt(II)-based cubane water oxidation catalyst, Co8POM embeds double Co(II)4O3 cores. The self-assembled catalyst is similar to the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II (PS II). Using [Ru(bpy)3](2+) as a photosensitizer and persulfate as a sacrificial electron acceptor, Co8POM exhibits excellent water oxidation activity with a turnover number (TON) of 1436, currently the highest among bioinspired catalysts with a cubical core, and a high initial turnover frequency (TOF). Investigation by several spectroscopy, spectrometry, and other techniques confirm that Co8POM is a stable and efficient catalyst for visible light-driven water oxidation. The results offer a useful insight into the design of water oxidation catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources, Utilization of GanSu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China)
| | - Yingying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources, Utilization of GanSu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China)
| | - Panpan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources, Utilization of GanSu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China)
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources, Utilization of GanSu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China)
| | - Jingyin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources, Utilization of GanSu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China)
| | - Rui Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources, Utilization of GanSu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China)
| | - Yong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources, Utilization of GanSu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China).
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 (PR China).
| | - Chongchao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60201 (USA)
| | - Linyuan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081 (PR China)
| | - Changwen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081 (PR China)
| |
Collapse
|
828
|
Wrzolek P, Schwalbe M. Affecting the Catalytic Activity of the Known [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(OH2)]2+Complex in Water Oxidation by Utilization of a Hangman Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
829
|
Evangelisti F, Moré R, Hodel F, Luber S, Patzke GR. 3d–4f {CoII3Ln(OR)4} Cubanes as Bio-Inspired Water Oxidation Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11076-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Evangelisti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Moré
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Hodel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta Ricarda Patzke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
830
|
Mintrop L, Windisch J, Gotzmann C, Alberto R, Probst B, Kurz P. Sn(IV) Metalloporphyrin/Co(III) Complex: An All-Abundant-Element System for the Photocatalytic Production of H2 in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13698-706. [PMID: 26230135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A new, molecular system for the light-driven production of hydrogen in aqueous solution was developed by combining a water-soluble tin porphyrin ([Sn(IV)Cl2TPPC], A) acting as photosensitizer with a cobalt-based proton-reduction catalyst ([Co(III)Cl(dmgH)2(py)], C). Under visible light illumination and with triethanolamine (TEOA) as electron source, the system evolves H2 for hours and is clearly catalytic in both dye and catalyst. A detailed analysis of the relevant redox potentials in combination with time-resolved spectroscopy resulted in the development of a Z-scheme type model for the flow of electrons in this system. Key intermediates of the proposed mechanism for the pathway leading to H2 are the porphyrin dye's highly oxidizing singlet excited state (1)A* (E ∼ +1.3 V vs NHE), its strongly reducing isobacteriochlorin analogue (E ∼ +0.95 V), and the Co(I) form of C (E ∼ -0.8 V), acting as catalyst for H2 formation. Among other results, the suggested reaction sequence is supported by the detection of a shortened excited-state lifetime for singlet (1)A* (τ ∼ 1.75 ns) in the presence of TEOA and the ultraviolet-visible detection of the Sn(IV) isobacteriochlorin intermediate at λ = 610 nm. Thus, a molecular, conceptually biomimetic, and precious-metal-free reaction chain was found which photocatalytically generates H2 in a 100% aqueous system from an electron donor with a high oxidation potential (E(TEOA) ∼ +1.1 V). On the other hand, at identical conditions, this photoreaction chain yields H2 markedly slower than a system using the photosensitizer [Re(I)(CO)3(bpy) (py)](+), probably due to the much longer excited-state lifetime (τ ∼ 120 ns) of the rhenium dye and better electron-transfer rates caused by its simple single-electron photoreduction chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luise Mintrop
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Windisch
- Department Chemie, Universität Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Carla Gotzmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roger Alberto
- Department Chemie, Universität Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Probst
- Department Chemie, Universität Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Kurz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
831
|
Deibert BJ, Zhang J, Smith PF, Chapman KW, Rangan S, Banerjee D, Tan K, Wang H, Pasquale N, Chen F, Lee K, Dismukes GC, Chabal YJ, Li J. Surface and Structural Investigation of a MnO
x
Birnessite‐Type Water Oxidation Catalyst Formed under Photocatalytic Conditions. Chemistry 2015; 21:14218-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Deibert
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Jingming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Paul F. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Karena W. Chapman
- X‐ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 (USA)
| | - Sylvie Rangan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Debasis Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Kui Tan
- Department of Material Science & Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 (USA)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Nicholas Pasquale
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 (USA)
| | - Ki‐Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - G. Charles Dismukes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
- The Waksman Institute, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| | - Yves J. Chabal
- Department of Material Science & Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 (USA)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA)
| |
Collapse
|
832
|
To WP, Wai-Shan Chow T, Tse CW, Guan X, Huang JS, Che CM. Water oxidation catalysed by iron complex of N, N'-dimethyl-2,11-diaza[3,3](2,6)pyridinophane. Spectroscopy of iron-oxo intermediates and density functional theory calculations. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5891-5903. [PMID: 29861914 PMCID: PMC5950833 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01680k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The macrocyclic [FeIII(L1)Cl2]+ (1, L1 = N,N'-dimethyl-2,11-diaza[3,3](2,6)pyridinophane) complex is an active catalyst for the oxidation of water to oxygen using [NH4]2[CeIV(NO3)6] (CAN), NaIO4, or Oxone as the oxidant. The mechanism of 1-catalysed water oxidation was examined by spectroscopic methods and by 18O-labelling experiments, revealing that FeIV 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 O and/or FeV 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 O species are likely to be involved in the reaction. The redox behaviour of 1 and these high-valent Fe 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 O species of L1 has been examined by both cyclic voltammetry and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In aqueous solutions, the cyclic voltammograms of 1 at different pH show a pH-dependent reversible couple (E1/2 = +0.46 V vs. SCE at pH 1) and an irreversible anodic wave (Epa = +1.18 V vs. SCE at pH 1) assigned to the FeIII/FeII couple and the FeIII to FeIV oxidation, respectively. DFT calculations showed that the E value of the half reaction involving [FeV(L1)(O)(OH)]2+/[FeIV(L1)(O)(OH2)]2+ is +1.42 V vs. SCE at pH 1. Using CAN as the oxidant at pH 1, the formation of an FeIV 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 O reaction intermediate was suggested by ESI-MS and UV-vis absorption spectroscopic measurements, and the rate of oxygen evolution was linearly dependent on the concentrations of both 1 and CAN. Using NaIO4 or Oxone as the oxidant at pH 1, the rate of oxygen evolution was linearly dependent on the concentration of 1, and a reactive FeV 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 O species with formula [FeV(L1)(O)2]+ generated by oxidation with NaIO4 or Oxone was suggested by ESI-MS measurements. DFT calculations revealed that [FeV(L1)(O)2]+ is capable of oxidizing water to oxygen with a reaction barrier of 15.7 kcal mol-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Pong To
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Toby Wai-Shan Chow
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Chun-Wai Tse
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Xiangguo Guan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Jie-Sheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . ; .,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053 , China
| |
Collapse
|
833
|
Laine TM, Kärkäs MD, Liao RZ, Siegbahn PEM, Åkermark B. A Dinuclear Ruthenium-Based Water Oxidation Catalyst: Use of Non-Innocent Ligand Frameworks for Promoting Multi-Electron Reactions. Chemistry 2015; 21:10039-48. [PMID: 25925847 PMCID: PMC4517172 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Insight into how H2 O is oxidized to O2 is envisioned to facilitate the rational design of artificial water oxidation catalysts, which is a vital component in solar-to-fuel conversion schemes. Herein, we report on the mechanistic features associated with a dinuclear Ru-based water oxidation catalyst. The catalytic action of the designed Ru complex was studied by the combined use of high-resolution mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, and quantum chemical calculations. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the designed ligand scaffold in Ru complex 1 has a non-innocent behavior, in which metal-ligand cooperation is an important part during the four-electron oxidation of H2 O. This feature is vital for the observed catalytic efficiency and highlights that the preparation of catalysts housing non-innocent molecular frameworks could be a general strategy for accessing efficient catalysts for activation of H2 O.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja M Laine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Markus D Kärkäs
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 (P.R. China).
| | - Per E M Siegbahn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
| |
Collapse
|
834
|
Li J, Wu XN, Zhou S, Tang S, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. Deutlich unterschiedliche Mechanismen der Wasserstoffatomabstraktion aus Methan und Wasser durch den heteronuklearen Oxidcluster [Ga2MgO4].+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
835
|
Sunlight-driven trifluoromethylation of olefinic substrates by photoredox catalysis: A green organic process. CR CHIM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
836
|
Li J, Wu XN, Zhou S, Tang S, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. Distinct Mechanistic Differences in the Hydrogen-Atom Transfer from Methane and Water by the Heteronuclear Oxide Cluster [Ga2MgO4].+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12298-302. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
837
|
Samankumara LP, Dorazio SJ, Akhigbe J, Li R, Nimthong-Roldán A, Zeller M, Brückner C. Indachlorins: Nonplanar Indanone-Annulated Chlorin Analogues with Panchromatic Absorption Spectra between 300 and 900 nm. Chemistry 2015; 21:11118-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
838
|
Yamamoto K, Takatsuka K. An Electron Dynamics Mechanism of Charge Separation in the Initial-Stage Dynamics of Photoinduced Water Splitting in XMnWater (X=OH, OCaH) and Electron-Proton Acceptors. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:2534-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
839
|
Broeckx LEE, Bucci A, Zuccaccia C, Lutz M, Macchioni A, Müller C. Cyclometalated Phosphinine–Iridium(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Application as Phosphorus-Containing Water-Oxidation Catalysts. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leen E. E. Broeckx
- Chemical
Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Bucci
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology and CIRCC, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology and CIRCC, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Martin Lutz
- Bijvoet
Center for Biomolecular Research, Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology and CIRCC, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Christian Müller
- Chemical
Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34/36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
840
|
von Allmen K, Moré R, Müller R, Soriano-López J, Linden A, Patzke GR. Nickel-Containing Keggin-Type Polyoxometalates as Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts: Photochemical Structure-Activity Relationships. Chempluschem 2015; 80:1389-1398. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
841
|
Shopov DY, Rudshteyn B, Campos J, Batista VS, Crabtree RH, Brudvig GW. Stable Iridium(IV) Complexes of an Oxidation-Resistant Pyridine-Alkoxide Ligand: Highly Divergent Redox Properties Depending on the Isomeric Form Adopted. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7243-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Y. Shopov
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Benjamin Rudshteyn
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jesús Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| |
Collapse
|
842
|
Laine TM, Kärkäs MD, Liao RZ, Åkermark T, Lee BL, Karlsson EA, Siegbahn PEM, Åkermark B. Efficient photochemical water oxidation by a dinuclear molecular ruthenium complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1862-5. [PMID: 25525645 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08606f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein is described the preparation of a dinuclear molecular Ru catalyst for H2O oxidation. The prepared catalyst mediates the photochemical oxidation of H2O with an efficiency comparable to state-of-the-art catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja M Laine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
843
|
Beatty JW, Stephenson CRJ. Amine Functionalization via Oxidative Photoredox Catalysis: Methodology Development and Complex Molecule Synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:1474-84. [PMID: 25951291 PMCID: PMC4440623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While the use of visible light to drive chemical reactivity is of high importance to the development of environmentally benign chemical transformations, the concomitant use of a stoichiometric electron donor or acceptor is often required to steer the desired redox behavior of these systems. The low-cost and ubiquity of tertiary amine bases has led to their widespread use as reductive additives in photoredox catalysis. Early use of trialkylamines in this context was focused on their role as reductive excited state quenchers of the photocatalyst, which in turn provides a more highly reducing catalytic intermediate. In this Account, we discuss some of the observations and thought processes that have led from our use of amines as reductive additives to their use as complex substrates and intermediates for natural product synthesis. Early attempts by our group to construct key carbon-carbon bonds via free-radical intermediates led to the observation that some trialkylamines readily behave as efficient hydrogen atom donors under redox-active photochemical conditions. In the wake of in-depth mechanistic studies published in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, this understanding has in turn allowed for a systematic approach to the design of a number of photochemical methodologies through rational tuning of the amine component. Minimization of the C-H donicity of the amine additive was found to promote desired C-C bond formation in a number of contexts, and subsequent elucidation of the amine's redox fate has sparked a reevaluation of the amine's role from that of reagent to that of substrate. The reactivity of tertiary amines in these photochemical systems is complex, and allows for a number of mechanistic possibilities that are not necessarily mutually exclusive. A variety of combinations of single-electron oxidation, C-H abstraction, deprotonation, and β-scission result in the formation of reactive intermediates such as α-amino radicals and iminium ions. These processes have been explored in depth in the photochemical literature and have resulted in a firm mechanistic grasp of the behavior of amine radical cations in fundamental systems. Harnessing the synthetic potential of these transient species represents an ongoing challenge for the controlled functionalization of amine substrates, because these mechanistic possibilities may result in undesired byproduct formation or substrate decomposition. The presence of tertiary amines in numerous alkaloids, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals lends credence to the potential utility of this chemistry in natural product synthesis, and herein we will discuss how these transformations might be controlled for synthetic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel W. Beatty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
844
|
Das C, Tallarida M, Schmeisser D. Si microstructures laminated with a nanolayer of TiO2 as long-term stable and effective photocathodes in PEC devices. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:7726-33. [PMID: 25835339 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00764j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is one of the most emerging fields for green energy generation and storage. Here we show a study of microstructured Si covered by a TiO2 nano-layer. The microstructures are prepared by galvanostatic selective etching of Si. The TiO2 nano-layer was deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to protect the microstructured photocathode against corrosion. The obtained microstructured photocathode showed a shift in the onset potential of 400 mV towards the anodic direction compared to bare Si. The Si microstructures laminated with a nano-layer of TiO2 show stability over 60 hours of measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chittaranjan Das
- Brandenburg University of Technology, Panta Rhei K.-Wachsmann-Allee 17, Cottbus, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
845
|
|
846
|
Rabten W, Kärkäs MD, Åkermark T, Chen H, Liao RZ, Tinnis F, Sun J, Siegbahn PEM, Andersson PG, Åkermark B. Catalytic water oxidation by a molecular ruthenium complex: unexpected generation of a single-site water oxidation catalyst. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4611-20. [PMID: 25945608 DOI: 10.1021/ic502755c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The increasing energy demand calls for the development of sustainable energy conversion processes. Here, the splitting of H2O to O2 and H2, or related fuels, constitutes an excellent example of solar-to-fuel conversion schemes. The critical component in such schemes has proven to be the catalyst responsible for mediating the four-electron oxidation of H2O to O2. Herein, we report on the unexpected formation of a single-site Ru complex from a ligand envisioned to accommodate two metal centers. Surprising N-N bond cleavage of the designed dinuclear ligand during metal complexation resulted in a single-site Ru complex carrying a carboxylate-amide motif. This ligand lowered the redox potential of the Ru complex sufficiently to permit H2O oxidation to be carried out by the mild one-electron oxidant [Ru(bpy)3](3+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). The work thus highlights that strongly electron-donating ligands are important elements in the design of novel, efficient H2O oxidation catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hong Chen
- §Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- ∥Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Junliang Sun
- ⊥College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
847
|
Liu Z, Gao Y, Zhang M, Liu J. Design of a dinuclear ruthenium based catalyst with a rigid xanthene bridge for catalytic water oxidation. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
848
|
Pastore M, De Angelis F. First-Principles Modeling of a Dye-Sensitized TiO2/IrO2 Photoanode for Water Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:5798-809. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Pastore
- Computational Laboratory
for Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory
for Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
849
|
Ai G, Mo R, Li H, Zhong J. Cobalt phosphate modified TiO2 nanowire arrays as co-catalysts for solar water splitting. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:6722-6728. [PMID: 25804292 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00863h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt phosphate (Co-Pi) is photo-electrodeposited on TiO2 nanowire arrays in Co(2+) containing phosphate buffer. The resulting composite photoanode shows a generally enhanced photocurrent near the flat band potential region, and represents a 2.3 times improved photoconversion efficiency compared to that of pristine TiO2 in a neutral electrolyte. A negative effect on the photocurrent generation is also observed when loading TiO2 with a relatively thick Co-Pi layer, which is demonstrated to be due to the poor photohole transfer kinetics in the Co-Pi layer. Moreover, we find that Co-Pi can facilitate the photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2 over a wide pH range from 1-14. This improved activity is studied in detail by optical and electrochemical analyses. It is suggested that the mechanism of the overpotential-demanding water oxidation reaction is changed to a facile pathway by the Co-based electrocatalyst. At the same time, the more significant band bending is induced by the Co-Pi catalyst decreasing the charge recombination. This work provides a feasible route to reduce the external power needed to drive water splitting by coupling an electrocatalyst with a photocatalyst, as well as mechanistic insights important for other Co-Pi modified photoelectrodes for solar-driven water splitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Ai
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
850
|
Reichardt C, Pinto M, Wächtler M, Stephenson M, Kupfer S, Sainuddin T, Guthmuller J, McFarland SA, Dietzek B. Photophysics of Ru(II) Dyads Derived from Pyrenyl-Substitued Imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Ligands. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:3986-94. [PMID: 25826128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The photophysics of a series of Ru(II) dyads based on the 2-(1-pyrenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline ligand was investigated. The ability of these metal complexes to intercalate DNA and induce cell death upon photoactivation makes them attractive photosensitizers for a range of photobiological applications, including photodynamic therapy. In the present study, time-resolved transient absorption and emission spectroscopy were used to interrogate the photoinduced processes that follow metal-to-ligand charge transfer excitation of the complexes in solution. It was found that energy transfer to pyrene-localized intraligand triplet states, facilitated by torsional motion of the pyrene moiety relative to the imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligand, was an important relaxation pathway governing the photophysical dynamics in this class of compounds. Biphasic decay kinetics were assigned to spontaneous (pre-equilibrium) and delayed emission, arising from an equilibrium established between (3)MLCT and (3)IL states. TDDFT calculations supported these interpretations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Reichardt
- †Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,‡Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mitch Pinto
- §Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Maria Wächtler
- ‡Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mat Stephenson
- §Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- †Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tariq Sainuddin
- §Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Julien Guthmuller
- ∥Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sherri A McFarland
- §Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- †Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,‡Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|