99651
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Kumari A, Vertii A. Perspective: "Current understanding of NADs dynamics and mechanisms of Disease". Gene 2024; 894:147960. [PMID: 37923094 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin architecture is essential for gene regulation, and multiple levels of the 3D chromatin organization exhibit dynamic changes during organismal development and cell differentiation. Heterochromatin, termed compartment B in Hi-C datasets, is a phase-separating gene-silencing form of chromatin, preferentially located at the two nuclear sites, nuclear (lamina-associate chromatin domains, LADs) and nucleoli (nucleoli-associated chromatin domains, NADs) peripheries. LADs and NADs contain both interchangeable and location-specific chromatin domains. Recent studies suggest striking dynamics in LADs and NADs during the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into neural progenitors and neurons. Here we discuss recent advances in understanding NADs changes during neuronal differentiation and future questions on how NADs integrity can contribute to healthy neurodevelopment and neurodevelopment diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Kumari
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 1605, US
| | - Anastassiia Vertii
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 1605, US.
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99652
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Louis M. Drosophila flight: How flies control casts and surges. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R91-R94. [PMID: 38320480 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
In the absence of directional cues, most foraging animals explore space by turning and zigzagging in search of sensory information. Recent progress in the identification of the neural correlates of turns in flies offers exciting new perspectives on the evolution of neural circuits controlling fundamental aspects of orientation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Louis
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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99653
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Devitt CC, Weng S, Bejar-Padilla VD, Alvarado J, Wallingford JB. PCP and Septins govern the polarized organization of the actin cytoskeleton during convergent extension. Curr Biol 2024; 34:615-622.e4. [PMID: 38199065 PMCID: PMC10887425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Convergent extension (CE) requires the coordinated action of the planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins1,2 and the actin cytoskeleton,3,4,5,6 but this relationship remains incompletely understood. For example, PCP signaling orients actomyosin contractions, yet actomyosin is also required for the polarized localization of PCP proteins.7,8 Moreover, the actin-regulating Septins play key roles in actin organization9 and are implicated in PCP and CE in frogs, mice, and fish5,6,10,11,12 but execute only a subset of PCP-dependent cell behaviors. Septin loss recapitulates the severe tissue-level CE defects seen after core PCP disruption yet leaves overt cell polarity intact.5 Together, these results highlight the general fact that cell movement requires coordinated action by distinct but integrated actin populations, such as lamella and lamellipodia in migrating cells13 or medial and junctional actin populations in cells engaged in apical constriction.14,15 In the context of Xenopus mesoderm CE, three such actin populations are important, a superficial meshwork known as the "node-and-cable" system,4,16,17,18 a contractile network at deep cell-cell junctions,6,19 and mediolaterally oriented actin-rich protrusions, which are present both superficially and deeply.4,19,20,21 Here, we exploited the amenability of the uniquely "two-dimensional" node and cable system to probe the relationship between PCP proteins, Septins, and the polarization of this actin network. We find that the PCP proteins Vangl2 and Prickle2 and Septins co-localize at nodes, and that the node and cable system displays a cryptic, PCP- and Septin-dependent anteroposterior (AP) polarity in its organization and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Devitt
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Shinuo Weng
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - José Alvarado
- Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - John B Wallingford
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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99654
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Cheng YW, Anzell AR, Morosky SA, Schwartze TA, Hinck CS, Hinck AP, Roman BL, Davidson LA. Shear Stress and Sub-Femtomolar Levels of Ligand Synergize to Activate ALK1 Signaling in Endothelial Cells. Cells 2024; 13:285. [PMID: 38334677 PMCID: PMC10854672 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) respond to concurrent stimulation by biochemical factors and wall shear stress (SS) exerted by blood flow. Disruptions in flow-induced responses can result in remodeling issues and cardiovascular diseases, but the detailed mechanisms linking flow-mechanical cues and biochemical signaling remain unclear. Activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) integrates SS and ALK1-ligand cues in ECs; ALK1 mutations cause hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), marked by arteriovenous malformation (AVM) development. However, the mechanistic underpinnings of ALK1 signaling modulation by fluid flow and the link to AVMs remain uncertain. We recorded EC responses under varying SS magnitudes and ALK1 ligand concentrations by assaying pSMAD1/5/9 nuclear localization using a custom multi-SS microfluidic device and a custom image analysis pipeline. We extended the previously reported synergy between SS and BMP9 to include BMP10 and BMP9/10. Moreover, we demonstrated that this synergy is effective even at extremely low SS magnitudes (0.4 dyn/cm2) and ALK1 ligand range (femtogram/mL). The synergistic response to ALK1 ligands and SS requires the kinase activity of ALK1. Moreover, ALK1's basal activity and response to minimal ligand levels depend on endocytosis, distinct from cell-cell junctions, cytoskeleton-mediated mechanosensing, or cholesterol-enriched microdomains. However, an in-depth analysis of ALK1 receptor trafficking's molecular mechanisms requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Anthony R. Anzell
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Stefanie A. Morosky
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tristin A. Schwartze
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Cynthia S. Hinck
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Andrew P. Hinck
- Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Beth L. Roman
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Lance A. Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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99655
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Zou K, Wang C, Zhou C, Yang Y, Zeng Z. Early growth response 1/Krüppel-like factor 5 pathway inhibitor alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by promoting autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176294. [PMID: 38158112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Early transcription factors play critical roles in the development of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Early growth response 1 (EGR1) is a transcription factor essential for various biological processes, including regulation of metabolism, differentiation, and inflammation. However, its role in ALI has been poorly reported. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of EGR1 on ALI to gain insights into the theoretical basis for further treatment of ALI. By employing concerted molecular biology techniques, we showed that EGR1 protein was upregulated in mice. EGR1 protein was upregulated in mice and human lung epithelial cells in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. EGR1 knockdown promoted autophagy and reduced LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediator production. EGR1 was preferentially bound to the GCGTGGGCG motif region and EGR1-binding peak-related genes were mainly enriched in autophagy and injury stress-related pathways. Additionally, EGR1 promoted Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) transcription by binding to the KLF5 promoter region, and KLF5 knockdown significantly decreased inflammatory damage, suggesting that EGR1 promotes ALI progression by regulating KLF5 expression. Furthermore, ML264, an inhibitor of the EGR1/KLF5 pathway axis, displayed a protective role in ALI to reduce inflammation. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the potential of EGR1 knockdown to inhibit KLF5 and promote autophagy, further reducing the inflammatory response to mitigate ALI/ARDS. The EGR1/KLF5 pathway axis may be a valuable therapeutic target for the treatment of ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chaoqi Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhenguo Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
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99656
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Arnold B, Riegger RJ, Okuda EK, Slišković I, Keller M, Bakisoglu C, McNicoll F, Zarnack K, Müller-McNicoll M. hGRAD: A versatile "one-fits-all" system to acutely deplete RNA binding proteins from condensates. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202304030. [PMID: 38108808 PMCID: PMC10726014 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202304030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are difficult to study because they often belong to large protein families and form extensive networks of auto- and crossregulation. They are highly abundant and many localize to condensates with a slow turnover, requiring long depletion times or knockouts that cannot distinguish between direct and indirect or compensatory effects. Here, we developed a system that is optimized for the rapid degradation of nuclear RBPs, called hGRAD. It comes as a "one-fits-all" plasmid, and integration into any cell line with endogenously GFP-tagged proteins allows for an inducible, rapid, and complete knockdown. We show that the nuclear RBPs SRSF3, SRSF5, SRRM2, and NONO are completely cleared from nuclear speckles and paraspeckles within 2 h. hGRAD works in various cell types, is more efficient than previous methods, and does not require the expression of exogenous ubiquitin ligases. Combining SRSF5 hGRAD degradation with Nascent-seq uncovered transient transcript changes, compensatory mechanisms, and an effect of SRSF5 on transcript stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Arnold
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ricarda J. Riegger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ellen Kazumi Okuda
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Cellular Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Irena Slišković
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mario Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Cem Bakisoglu
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - François McNicoll
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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99657
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Yang W, Gong X, Sun H, Wu C, Suo J, Ji J, Jiang X, Shen J, He Y, Aisa HA. Discovery of a CB 2 and 5-HT 1A receptor dual agonist for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116048. [PMID: 38150961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoid CB2R agonists have gained considerable attention as potential novel therapies for psychiatric disorders due to their non-psychoactive nature, in contrast to CB1R agonists. In this study, we employed molecular docking to design and synthesize 23 derivatives of cannabidiol (CBD) with the aim of discovering potent CB2R agonists rather than CB2R antagonists or inverse agonists. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) investigations highlighted the critical importance of the amide group at the C-3' site and the cycloalkyl group at the C-4' site for CB2R activation. Interestingly, three CBD derivatives, namely 2o, 6g, and 6h, exhibited substantial partial agonistic activity towards the CB2 receptor, in contrast to the inverse agonistic property of CBD. Among these, 2o acted as a CB2R and 5-HT1AR dual agonist, albeit with some undesired antagonist activity for CB1R. It demonstrated significant CB2R partial agonism while maintaining a level of 5-HT1AR agonistic and CB1R antagonistic activity similar to CBD. Pharmacokinetic experiments confirmed that 2o possesses favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Behavioral studies further revealed that 2o elicits significant antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like effects while maintaining a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xudong Gong
- Vigonvita Shanghai Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Haiguo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- Vigonvita Shanghai Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jin Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Ji
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangrui Jiang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jingshan Shen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yang He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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99658
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Wannberg J, Gising J, Henriksson M, Vo DD, Sävmarker J, Sallander J, Gutiérrez-de-Terán H, Larsson J, Hamid S, Ablahad H, Spizzo I, Gaspari TA, Widdop RE, Grönbladh A, Petersen NN, Backlund M, Hallberg M, Larhed M. N-(Heteroaryl)thiophene sulfonamides as angiotensin AT2 receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116122. [PMID: 38199164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Two series of N-(heteroaryl)thiophene sulfonamides, encompassing either a methylene imidazole group or a tert-butylimidazolylacetyl group in the meta position of the benzene ring, have been synthesized. An AT2R selective ligand with a Ki of 42 nM was identified in the first series and in the second series, six AT2R selective ligands with significantly improved binding affinities and Ki values of <5 nM were discovered. The binding modes to AT2R were explored by docking calculations combined with molecular dynamics simulations. Although some of the high affinity ligands exhibited fair stability in human liver microsomes, comparable to that observed with C21 undergoing clinical trials, most ligands displayed a very low metabolic stability with t½ of less than 10 min in human liver microsomes. The most promising ligand, with an AT2R Ki value of 4.9 nM and with intermediate stability in human hepatocytes (t½ = 77 min) caused a concentration-dependent vasorelaxation of pre-contracted mouse aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Wannberg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Gising
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Henriksson
- Drug Discovery and Development Platform, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Duc Duy Vo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sävmarker
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Sallander
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, BMC, Box 596, Uppsala University, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hugo Gutiérrez-de-Terán
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, BMC, Box 596, Uppsala University, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Larsson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Selin Hamid
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Hanin Ablahad
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Iresha Spizzo
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Tracey A Gaspari
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert E Widdop
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Alfhild Grönbladh
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nadia N Petersen
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Backlund
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden and Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Hallberg
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Larhed
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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99659
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Perużyńska M, Birger R, Piotrowska K, Kwiecień H, Droździk M, Kurzawski M. Microtubule destabilising activity of selected 7-methoxy-2-phenylbenzo[b]furan derivative against primary and metastatic melanoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176308. [PMID: 38142850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the results of anticancer screening of two 2-phenylbenzo[b]furan derivatives functionalised at the 3-position with 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl (BF2) or 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl (BF3) against 60 different cancer cell lines. The results confirmed the anticancer potential of the tested compounds against different cancer cell types, especially colon cancer, brain cancer and melanoma. BF3 was defined as the most potent (also as a tubulin polymerisation inhibitor). Its anticancer activity against melanoma cell lines that originated from different stages, i.e., primary skin-derived A375 and metastatic WM9/MDA-MB-435S, was evaluated (as the clinical success of melanoma therapy strictly depends on the disease stage). Moreover, to determine the BF3 mode of action and its effect on cell proliferation, intracellular microtubule networks, cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis were evaluated. Our study revealed that BF3 inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 yielding 0.09 ± 0.01 μM, 0.11 ± 0.01 μM and 0.18 ± 0.05 μM for A375, MDA-MB435S and WM9, respectively. The strong antiproliferative activity of compound BF3 correlated well with its inhibitory effect on tubulin polymerisation. Molecular docking proved that BF3 belongs to the colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSIs), and experimental studies revealed that it disturbs cell cycle progression leading to G2/M arrest and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Perużyńska
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Radosław Birger
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piotrowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Halina Kwiecień
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave 42, 71-065, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Droździk
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kurzawski
- Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-899, Szczecin, Poland
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99660
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Cheng Z, Han T, Yao J, Wang K, Dong X, Yu F, Huang H, Han M, Liao Q, He S, Lyu W, Li Q. Targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3β for Alzheimer's disease: Recent advances and future Prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116065. [PMID: 38160617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Senile plaques induced by β-amyloid (Aβ) abnormal aggregation and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) caused by tau hyperphosphorylation are important pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a conserved kinase; one member GSK-3β is highly expressed in the AD brain and involved in the formation of NFT. Hence, pharmacologically inhibiting GSK-3β activity and expression is a good approach to treat AD. As summarized in this article, multiple GSK-3β inhibitors has been comprehensively summarized over recent five years. However, only lithium carbonate and Tideglusib have been studied in clinical trials of AD. Besides ATP-competitive and non-ATP-competitive inhibitors, peptide inhibitors, allosteric inhibitors and other types of inhibitors have gradually attracted more interest. Moreover, considering the close relationship between GSK-3β and other targets involved in cholinergic hypothesis, Aβ aggregation hypothesis, tau hyperphosphorylation hypothesis, oxidative stress hypothesis, neuro-inflammation hypothesis, etc., diverse multifunctional molecules and multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) have also been disclosed. We hope that these recent advances and critical perspectives will facilitate the discovery of safe and effective GSK-3β inhibitors for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Cheng
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyue Han
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtong Yao
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Han
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghong Liao
- Shandong Kangqiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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99661
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Hu J, Fu S, Zhan Z, Zhang J. Advancements in dual-target inhibitors of PI3K for tumor therapy: Clinical progress, development strategies, prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116109. [PMID: 38183777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) modify lipids by the phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids at the 3'-OH position, thereby participating in signal transduction and exerting effects on various physiological processes such as cell growth, metabolism, and organism development. PI3K activation also drives cancer cell growth, survival, and metabolism, with genetic dysregulation of this pathway observed in diverse human cancers. Therefore, this target is considered a promising potential therapeutic target for various types of cancer. Currently, several selective PI3K inhibitors and one dual-target PI3K inhibitor have been approved and launched on the market. However, the majority of these inhibitors have faced revocation or voluntary withdrawal of indications due to concerns regarding their adverse effects. This article provides a comprehensive review of the structure and biological functions, and clinical status of PI3K inhibitors, with a specific emphasis on the development strategies and structure-activity relationships of dual-target PI3K inhibitors. The findings offer valuable insights and future directions for the development of highly promising dual-target drugs targeting PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Hu
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyu Fu
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zixuan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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99662
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Alavi MS, Soheili V, Roohbakhsh A. The role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in phagocytosis: A comprehensive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176302. [PMID: 38154767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
When host cells are exposed to foreign particles, dead cells, or cell hazards, a sophisticated process called phagocytosis begins. During this process, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils engulf the target by expanding their membranes. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is called efferocytosis. This process is of significant importance as billions of cells are eliminated daily without provoking inflammation. Both phagocytosis and efferocytosis depend on Ca2+ signaling. A big family of Ca2+ permeable channels is transient receptor potentials (TRPs) divided into nine subfamilies. We aimed to review their roles in phagocytosis. The present review article shows that various TRP channels such as TRPV1, 2, 3, 4, TRPM2, 4, 7, 8, TRPML1, TRPA1, TRPC1, 3, 5, 6 have roles at various stages of phagocytosis. They are involved in the phagocytosis of amyloid β, α-synuclein, myelin debris, bacteria, and apoptotic cells. In particular, TRPC3 and TRPM7 contribute to efferocytosis. These effects are mediated by changing Ca2+ signaling or targeting intracellular enzymes such as Akt. In addition, they contribute to the chemotaxis of phagocytic cells towards targets. Although a limited number of studies have assessed the role of TRP channels in phagocytosis and efferocytosis, their findings indicate that they have critical roles in these processes. In some cases, their ablation completely abolished the phagocytic function of the cells. As a result, TRP channels are potential targets for developing new therapeutics that modulate phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Soheili
- Pharmaceutical Control Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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99663
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He X, Weng Z, Zou Y. Progress in the controllability technology of PROTAC. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116096. [PMID: 38160619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimaera (PROTAC) technology functions by directly targeting proteins and catalysing their degradation through an event-driven mode of action, a novel mechanism with significant clinical application prospects for various diseases. Currently, the most advanced PROTAC drug is undergoing phase III clinical trials (NCT05654623). Although PROTACs exhibit significant advantages over traditional small-molecule inhibitors, their catalytic degradation of normal cellular proteins can potentially cause toxic side effects. Therefore, to achieve targeted release of PROTACs and minimize adverse reactions, researchers are actively exploring diverse controllable PROTACs. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the control strategies to provide a theoretical basis for the innovative application of PROTAC technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Engineering, Changzhou, 213164, PR China.
| | - Zhibing Weng
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Engineering, Changzhou, 213164, PR China
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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99664
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Delacher M, Schmidleithner L, Simon M, Stüve P, Sanderink L, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Wuttke M, Schambeck K, Ruhland B, Hofmann V, Bittner S, Ritter U, Pant A, Helbich SS, Voss M, Lemmermann NA, Bessiri-Schake L, Bohn T, Eigenberger A, Menevse AN, Gebhard C, Strieder N, Abken H, Rehli M, Huehn J, Beckhove P, Hehlgans T, Junger H, Geissler EK, Prantl L, Werner JM, Schmidl C, Brors B, Imbusch CD, Feuerer M. The effector program of human CD8 T cells supports tissue remodeling. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230488. [PMID: 38226976 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
CD8 T lymphocytes are classically viewed as cytotoxic T cells. Whether human CD8 T cells can, in parallel, induce a tissue regeneration program is poorly understood. Here, antigen-specific assay systems revealed that human CD8 T cells not only mediated cytotoxicity but also promoted tissue remodeling. Activated CD8 T cells could produce the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-ligand amphiregulin (AREG) and sensitize epithelial cells for enhanced regeneration potential. Blocking the EGFR or the effector cytokines IFN-γ and TNF could inhibit tissue remodeling. This regenerative program enhanced tumor spheroid and stem cell-mediated organoid growth. Using single-cell gene expression analysis, we identified an AREG+, tissue-resident CD8 T cell population in skin and adipose tissue from patients undergoing abdominal wall or abdominoplasty surgery. These tissue-resident CD8 T cells showed a strong TCR clonal relation to blood PD1+TIGIT+ CD8 T cells with tissue remodeling abilities. These findings may help to understand the complex CD8 biology in tumors and could become relevant for the design of therapeutic T cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Delacher
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
| | - Lisa Schmidleithner
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Malte Simon
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Stüve
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lieke Sanderink
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Core Facility Omics IT and Data Management, German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Wuttke
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schambeck
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Ruhland
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Hofmann
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bittner
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Ritter
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Asmita Pant
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sara Salome Helbich
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
| | - Morten Voss
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
| | - Niels A Lemmermann
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Virology, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | - Lisa Bessiri-Schake
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
| | - Toszka Bohn
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Eigenberger
- Department of Plastic, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ayse Nur Menevse
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Interventional Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Hinrich Abken
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Genetic Immunotherapy, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rehli
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany
- RESIST, Cluster of Excellence 2155, Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Beckhove
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Interventional Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hehlgans
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Junger
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Edward K Geissler
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jens M Werner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Benedikt Brors
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine Heidelberg, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases , Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charles D Imbusch
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz, Germany
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Feuerer
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy , Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg , Regensburg, Germany
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99665
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Fang J, Orobator ON, Olelewe C, Passeri G, Singh K, Awuah SG, Suntharalingam K. A Breast Cancer Stem Active Cobalt(III)-Cyclam Complex Containing Flufenamic Acid with Immunogenic Potential. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317940. [PMID: 38063406 PMCID: PMC10952489 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic and immunogenic-activating properties of a cobalt(III)-cyclam complex bearing the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, flufenamic acid is reported within the context of anti-cancer stem cell (CSC) drug discovery. The cobalt(III)-cyclam complex 1 displays sub-micromolar potency towards breast CSCs grown in monolayers, 24-fold and 31-fold greater than salinomycin (an established anti-breast CSC agent) and cisplatin (an anticancer metallopharmaceutical), respectively. Strikingly, the cobalt(III)-cyclam complex 1 is 69-fold and 50-fold more potent than salinomycin and cisplatin towards three-dimensionally cultured breast CSC mammospheres. Mechanistic studies reveal that 1 induces DNA damage, inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and prompts caspase-dependent apoptosis. Breast CSCs treated with 1 exhibit damage-associated molecular patterns characteristic of immunogenic cell death and are phagocytosed by macrophages. As far as we are aware, 1 is the first cobalt complex of any oxidation state or geometry to display both cytotoxic and immunogenic-activating effects on breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Fang
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | | | | | | | - Kuldip Singh
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Samuel G. Awuah
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
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99666
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Zhuang H, Cao X, Tang X, Zou Y, Yang H, Liang Z, Yan X, Chen X, Feng X, Shen L. Investigating metabolic dysregulation in serum of triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease male mice: implications for pathogenesis and potential biomarkers. Amino Acids 2024; 56:10. [PMID: 38315232 PMCID: PMC10844422 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that lacks convenient and accessible peripheral blood diagnostic markers and effective drugs. Metabolic dysfunction is one of AD risk factors, which leaded to alterations of various metabolites in the body. Pathological changes of the brain can be reflected in blood metabolites that are expected to explain the disease mechanisms or be candidate biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of targeted metabolites within peripheral blood of AD mouse model, with the purpose of exploring the disease mechanism and potential biomarkers. Targeted metabolomics was used to quantify 256 metabolites in serum of triple transgenic AD (3 × Tg-AD) male mice. Compared with controls, 49 differential metabolites represented dysregulation in purine, pyrimidine, tryptophan, cysteine and methionine and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Among them, adenosine, serotonin, N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, and acetylcholine play a key role in regulating neural transmitter network. The alteration of S-adenosine-L-homocysteine, S-adenosine-L-methionine, and trimethylamine-N-oxide in AD mice serum can served as indicator of AD risk. The results revealed the changes of metabolites in serum, suggesting that metabolic dysregulation in periphery in AD mice may be related to the disturbances in neuroinhibition, the serotonergic system, sleep function, the cholinergic system, and the gut microbiota. This study provides novel insights into the dysregulation of several key metabolites and metabolic pathways in AD, presenting potential avenues for future research and the development of peripheral biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhuang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshan Cao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Zou
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Liang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingui Feng
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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99667
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Li R, Wu Y, Li Y, Shuai W, Wang A, Zhu Y, Hu X, Xia Y, Ouyang L, Wang G. Targeted regulated cell death with small molecule compounds in colorectal cancer: Current perspectives of targeted therapy and molecular mechanisms. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116040. [PMID: 38142509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a tumor of the digestive system, is characterized by high malignancy and poor prognosis. Currently, targeted therapy of CRC is far away from satisfying. The molecular mechanisms of regulated cell death (RCD) have been clearly elucidated, which can be intervened by drug or genetic modification. Numerous studies have provided substantial evidence linking these mechanisms to the progression and treatment of CRC. The RCD includes apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD), ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, and immunogenic cell death, etc, which provide potential targets for anti-cancer treatment. For the last several years, small-molecule compounds targeting RCD have been a well concerned therapeutic strategy for CRC. This present review aims to describe the function of small-molecule compounds in the targeted therapy of CRC via targeting apoptosis, ADCD, ferroptosis, necroptosis, immunogenic dell death and pyroptosis, and their mechanisms. In addition, we prospect the application of newly discovered cuproptosis and disulfidptosis in CRC. Our review may provide references for the targeted therapy of CRC using small-molecule compounds targeting RCD, including the potential targets and candidate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Li
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongya Wu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Li
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province/Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Guan Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Management Department of Scientific Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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99668
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Liang R, Qi X, Cai Q, Niu L, Huang X, Zhang D, Ling J, Wu Y, Chen Y, Yang P, Liu J, Zhang J, Yu P. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in aging and age-related diseases. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:14. [PMID: 38317229 PMCID: PMC10840156 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The gradual aging of the global population has led to a surge in age-related diseases, which seriously threaten human health. Researchers are dedicated to understanding and coping with the complexities of aging, constantly uncovering the substances and mechanism related to aging like chronic low-grade inflammation. The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), a key regulator of the innate immune response, recognizes molecular patterns associated with pathogens and injury, initiating an intrinsic inflammatory immune response. Dysfunctional NLRP3 is linked to the onset of related diseases, particularly in the context of aging. Therefore, a profound comprehension of the regulatory mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome in aging-related diseases holds the potential to enhance treatment strategies for these conditions. In this article, we review the significance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the initiation and progression of diverse aging-related diseases. Furthermore, we explore preventive and therapeutic strategies for aging and related diseases by manipulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, along with its upstream and downstream mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinrui Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Liyan Niu
- Huan Kui College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xi Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China.
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99669
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Cao Y, Xu S, Liu J, Zhao S, Yan J. Rational construction and evaluation of a dual-functional near-infrared fluorescent probe for the imaging of Amyloid-β and mitochondrial viscosity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 306:123564. [PMID: 37871543 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a fatal, incurable, chronic neurodegenerative disease. Diagnosis in its early and even preclinical stages will be beneficial for its prevention and treatment. In the accepted pathological theory, abnormal accumulation of Aβ protein and abnormal mitochondrial function, including changes in mitochondrial viscosity, is closely related to Alzheimer's disease. To date, rare fluorescent probes have been reported that can simultaneously image Aβ plaques and mitochondrial viscosity. Therefore, the development of a dual-functional fluorescent probe for real-time fluorescence imaging of Aβ plaques and mitochondrial viscosity is crucial to discover a novel approach and strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and to understand the pathological process and crosstalk between different biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Herein, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of fluorescent probes QM-SF-1∼5 with dimethylamino-quinolinium as the skeleton and thiophene as the π bridge to connect the groups with different electron-push/pull capacities. Among them, QM-SF-2 exhibited excellent properties such as large Stokes shift (168 nm), near-infrared emission (689 nm), and high selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection was 1.07 μM) to Aβ aggregate and mitochondrial viscosity changes, indicating its promising prospects as a dual-functional imaging tool in the pathological study of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Cao
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengmei Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsheng Liu
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Jinwu Yan
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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99670
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Agius T, Emsley R, Lyon A, MacArthur MR, Kiesworo K, Faivre A, Stavart L, Lambelet M, Legouis D, de Seigneux S, Golshayan D, Lazeyras F, Yeh H, Markmann JF, Uygun K, Ocampo A, Mitchell SJ, Allagnat F, Déglise S, Longchamp A. Short-term hypercaloric carbohydrate loading increases surgical stress resilience by inducing FGF21. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1073. [PMID: 38316771 PMCID: PMC10844297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction promotes resistance to surgical stress in multiple organisms. Counterintuitively, current medical protocols recommend short-term carbohydrate-rich drinks (carbohydrate loading) prior to surgery, part of a multimodal perioperative care pathway designed to enhance surgical recovery. Despite widespread clinical use, preclinical and mechanistic studies on carbohydrate loading in surgical contexts are lacking. Here we demonstrate in ad libitum-fed mice that liquid carbohydrate loading for one week drives reductions in solid food intake, while nearly doubling total caloric intake. Similarly, in humans, simple carbohydrate intake is inversely correlated with dietary protein intake. Carbohydrate loading-induced protein dilution increases expression of hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) independent of caloric intake, resulting in protection in two models of surgical stress: renal and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. The protection is consistent across male, female, and aged mice. In vivo, amino acid add-back or genetic FGF21 deletion blocks carbohydrate loading-mediated protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Finally, carbohydrate loading induction of FGF21 is associated with the induction of the canonical integrated stress response (ATF3/4, NF-kB), and oxidative metabolism (PPARγ). Together, these data support carbohydrate loading drinks prior to surgery and reveal an essential role of protein dilution via FGF21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Agius
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raffaella Emsley
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Lyon
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Kevin Kiesworo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Faivre
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties and Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Louis Stavart
- Transplantation Center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martine Lambelet
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Legouis
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties and Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Intensive Care, Department of Acute Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophie de Seigneux
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties and Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Déla Golshayan
- Transplantation Center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francois Lazeyras
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Heidi Yeh
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James F Markmann
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Korkut Uygun
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Florent Allagnat
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Déglise
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alban Longchamp
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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99671
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Wang W, Li D, Xu Q, Cheng J, Yu Z, Li G, Qiao S, Pan J, Wang H, Shi J, Zheng T, Sui G. G-quadruplexes promote the motility in MAZ phase-separated condensates to activate CCND1 expression and contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1045. [PMID: 38316778 PMCID: PMC10844655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s) can recruit transcription factors to activate gene expression, but detailed mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that G4s in the CCND1 promoter propel the motility in MAZ phase-separated condensates and subsequently activate CCND1 transcription. Zinc finger (ZF) 2 of MAZ is a responsible for G4 binding, while ZF3-5, but not a highly disordered region, is critical for MAZ condensation. MAZ nuclear puncta overlaps with signals of G4s and various coactivators including BRD4, MED1, CDK9 and active RNA polymerase II, as well as gene activation histone markers. MAZ mutants lacking either G4 binding or phase separation ability did not form nuclear puncta, and showed deficiencies in promoting hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and xenograft tumor formation. Overall, we unveiled that G4s recruit MAZ to the CCND1 promoter and facilitate the motility in MAZ condensates that compartmentalize coactivators to activate CCND1 expression and subsequently exacerbate hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Dangdang Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Qingqing Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jiahui Cheng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Zhiwei Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guangyue Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shiyao Qiao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jiasong Pan
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jinming Shi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Tongsen Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Guangchao Sui
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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99672
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Baker KF, McDonald D, Hulme G, Hussain R, Coxhead J, Swan D, Schulz AR, Mei HE, MacDonald L, Pratt AG, Filby A, Anderson AE, Isaacs JD. Single- cell insights into immune dysregulation in rheumatoid arthritis flare versus drug-free remission. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1063. [PMID: 38316770 PMCID: PMC10844292 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are typically characterised by relapsing and remitting flares of inflammation. However, the unpredictability of disease flares impedes their study. Addressing this critical knowledge gap, we use the experimental medicine approach of immunomodulatory drug withdrawal in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remission to synchronise flare processes allowing detailed characterisation. Exploratory mass cytometry analyses reveal three circulating cellular subsets heralding the onset of arthritis flare - CD45RO+PD1hi CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and CD27+CD86+CD21- B cells - further characterised by single-cell sequencing. Distinct lymphocyte subsets including cytotoxic and exhausted CD4+ memory T cells, memory CD8+CXCR5+ T cells, and IGHA1+ plasma cells are primed for activation in flare patients. Regulatory memory CD4+ T cells (Treg cells) increase at flare onset, but with dysfunctional regulatory marker expression compared to drug-free remission. Significant clonal expansion is observed in T cells, but not B cells, after drug cessation; this is widespread throughout memory CD8+ T cell subsets but limited to the granzyme-expressing cytotoxic subset within CD4+ memory T cells. Based on our observations, we suggest a model of immune dysregulation for understanding RA flare, with potential for further translational research towards novel avenues for its treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth F Baker
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Musculoskeletal Unit, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - David McDonald
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gillian Hulme
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rafiqul Hussain
- Genomics Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jonathan Coxhead
- Genomics Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Swan
- School of Medicine, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Axel R Schulz
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik E Mei
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucy MacDonald
- School of Infection and Immunity, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Arthur G Pratt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Musculoskeletal Unit, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Filby
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy E Anderson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John D Isaacs
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Musculoskeletal Unit, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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99673
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Weinberger M, Simões FC, Gungoosingh T, Sauka-Spengler T, Riley PR. Distinct epicardial gene regulatory programs drive development and regeneration of the zebrafish heart. Dev Cell 2024; 59:351-367.e6. [PMID: 38237592 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Unlike the adult mammalian heart, which has limited regenerative capacity, the zebrafish heart fully regenerates following injury. Reactivation of cardiac developmental programs is considered key to successfully regenerating the heart, yet the regulation underlying the response to injury remains elusive. Here, we compared the transcriptome and epigenome of the developing and regenerating zebrafish epicardia. We identified epicardial enhancer elements with specific activity during development or during adult heart regeneration. By generating gene regulatory networks associated with epicardial development and regeneration, we inferred genetic programs driving each of these processes, which were largely distinct. Loss of Hif1ab, Nrf1, Tbx2b, and Zbtb7a, central regulators of the regenerating epicardial network, in injured hearts resulted in elevated epicardial cell numbers infiltrating the wound and excess fibrosis after cryoinjury. Our work identifies differences between the regulatory blueprint deployed during epicardial development and regeneration, underlining that heart regeneration goes beyond the reactivation of developmental programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weinberger
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, Oxfordshire, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Filipa C Simões
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Trishalee Gungoosingh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Tatjana Sauka-Spengler
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, Oxfordshire, UK; Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, Oxfordshire, UK.
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99674
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Jacobse J, Pilat JM, Li J, Brown RE, Kwag A, Buendia MA, Choksi YA, Washington MK, Williams CS, Markham NO, Short SP, Goettel JA. Distinct roles for interleukin-23 receptor signaling in regulatory T cells in sporadic and inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1276743. [PMID: 38375204 PMCID: PMC10876294 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1276743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-23 (IL-23) has been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Yet, the cell-specific contributions of IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) signaling in CRC remain unknown. One of the cell types that highly expresses IL-23R are colonic regulatory T cells (Treg cells). The aim of this study was to define the contribution of Treg cell-specific IL-23R signaling in sporadic and inflammation-associated CRC. Methods In mice, the role of IL-23R in Treg cells in colitis-associated cancer (CAC) was investigated using azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulphate in wild-type Treg cell reporter mice (WT, Foxp3 YFP-iCre), and mice harboring a Treg cell-specific deletion of IL-23 (Il23r ΔTreg). The role of IL-23R signaling in Treg cells in sporadic CRC was examined utilizing orthotopic injection of the syngeneic colon cancer cell line MC-38 submucosally into the colon/rectum of mice. The function of macrophages was studied using clodronate. Finally, single-cell RNA-seq of a previously published dataset in human sporadic cancer was reanalyzed to corroborate these findings. Results In CAC, Il23r ΔTreg mice had increased tumor size and increased dysplasia compared to WT mice that was associated with decreased tumor-infiltrating macrophages. In the sporadic cancer model, Il23r ΔTreg mice had increased survival and decreased tumor size compared to WT mice. Additionally, MC-38 tumors of Il23r ΔTreg mice exhibited a higher frequency of pro-inflammatory macrophages and IL-17 producing CD4+ T cells. The decreased tumor size in Il23r ΔTreg mice was macrophage-dependent. These data suggest that loss of IL-23R signaling in Treg cells permits IL-17 production by CD4+ T cells that in turn promotes pro-inflammatory macrophages to clear tumors. Finally, analysis of TCGA data and single-cell RNA-seq analysis of a previously published dataset in human sporadic cancer, revealed that IL23R was highly expressed in CRC compared to other cancers and specifically in tumor-associated Treg cells. Conclusion Inflammation in colorectal carcinogenesis differs with respect to the contribution of IL-23R signaling in regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Jacobse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Pilat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Rachel E. Brown
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Aaron Kwag
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Matthew A. Buendia
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Yash A. Choksi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - M. Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Christopher S. Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Nicholas O. Markham
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sarah P. Short
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jeremy A. Goettel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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99675
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Bell D. Top IHC/ISH Hacks for and Molecular Surrogates of Poorly Differentiated Sinonasal Small Round Cell Tumors. Head Neck Pathol 2024; 18:2. [PMID: 38315310 PMCID: PMC10844182 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly differentiated sinonasal small round cell tumors (SRCTs) are rare and heterogeneous, posing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. METHODS Recent advances in molecular findings and diagnostic refinement have promoted better understanding and management of these tumors. RESULTS The newly defined and emerging sinonasal entities demonstrate diverse morphologies, specific genomic signatures, and clinical behavior from conventional counterparts. In this review of SRCTs, emphasis is placed on the diagnostic approach with the employment of a pertinent panel of immunohistochemistry studies and/or molecular tests, fine-tuned to the latest WHO 5 classification of sinonasal/paranasal tumors and personalized treatment. CONCLUSION Specifically, this review focuses on tumors with epithelial and neuroectodermal derivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bell
- Anatomic Pathology, Disease Team Alignment: Head and Neck, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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99676
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Fischer C, Willscher E, Paschold L, Gottschick C, Klee B, Diexer S, Bosurgi L, Dutzmann J, Sedding D, Frese T, Girndt M, Hoell JI, Gekle M, Addo MM, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Mikolajczyk R, Binder M, Schultheiß C. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may mitigate dysregulation of IL-1/IL-18 and gastrointestinal symptoms of the post-COVID-19 condition. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:23. [PMID: 38316833 PMCID: PMC10844289 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of safe and effective vaccines helped to prevent severe disease courses after SARS-CoV-2 infection and to mitigate the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic. While there is evidence that vaccination may reduce the risk of developing post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC), this effect may depend on the viral variant. Therapeutic effects of post-infection vaccination have been discussed but the data for individuals with PCC remains inconclusive. In addition, extremely rare side effects after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may resemble the heterogeneous PCC phenotype. Here, we analyze the plasma levels of 25 cytokines and SARS-CoV-2 directed antibodies in 540 individuals with or without PCC relative to one or two mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccinations as well as in 20 uninfected individuals one month after their initial mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination. While none of the SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals reported any persisting sequelae or exhibited PCC-like dysregulation of plasma cytokines, we detected lower levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in patients with ongoing PCC who received one or two vaccinations at a median of six months after infection as compared to unvaccinated PCC patients. This reduction correlated with less frequent reporting of persisting gastrointestinal symptoms. These data suggest that post-infection vaccination in patients with PCC might be beneficial in a subgroup of individuals displaying gastrointestinal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fischer
- Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Translational Immuno-Oncology, Department of Biomedicine, University, and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edith Willscher
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Lisa Paschold
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Cornelia Gottschick
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics, and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Bianca Klee
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics, and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Diexer
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics, and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Lidia Bosurgi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Dutzmann
- Mid-German Heart Center, Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Sedding
- Mid-German Heart Center, Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Frese
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Girndt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Jessica I Hoell
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Marylyn M Addo
- I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Braunschweig, Germany
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics, and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
| | - Mascha Binder
- Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Translational Immuno-Oncology, Department of Biomedicine, University, and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Schultheiß
- Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Laboratory of Translational Immuno-Oncology, Department of Biomedicine, University, and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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99677
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Bixby B, Vrba L, Lenka J, Oshiro MM, Watts GS, Hughes T, Erickson H, Chopra M, Knepler JL, Knox KS, Jarnagin L, Alalawi R, Kala M, Bernert R, Routh J, Roe DJ, Garland LL, Futscher BW, Nelson MA. Cell-free DNA methylation analysis as a marker of malignancy in pleural fluid. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2939. [PMID: 38316884 PMCID: PMC10844328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is made by cytological examination of pleural fluid or histological examination of pleural tissue from biopsy. Unfortunately, detection of malignancy using cytology has an overall sensitivity of 50%, and is dependent upon tumor load, volume of fluid assessed, and cytopathologist experience. The diagnostic yield of pleural fluid cytology is also compromised by low abundance of tumor cells or when morphology is obscured by inflammation or reactive mesothelial cells. A reliable molecular marker that may complement fluid cytology for the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion is needed. The purpose of this study was to establish a molecular diagnostic approach based on pleural effusion cell-free DNA methylation analysis for the differential diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion and benign pleural effusion. This was a blind, prospective case-control biomarker study. We recruited 104 patients with pleural effusion for the study. We collected pleural fluid from patients with: MPE (n = 48), indeterminate pleural effusion in subjects with known malignancy or IPE (n = 28), and benign PE (n = 28), and performed the Sentinel-MPE liquid biopsy assay. The methylation level of Sentinel-MPE was markedly higher in the MPE samples compared to BPE control samples (p < 0.0001) and the same tendency was observed relative to IPE (p = 0.004). We also noted that the methylation signal was significantly higher in IPE relative to BPE (p < 0.001). We also assessed the diagnostic efficiency of the Sentinel-MPE test by performing receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC). For the ROC analysis we combined the malignant and indeterminate pleural effusion groups (n = 76) and compared against the benign group (n = 28). The detection sensitivity and specificity of the Sentinel-MPE test was high (AUC = 0.912). The Sentinel-MPE appears to have better performance characteristics than cytology analysis. However, combining Sentinel-MPE with cytology analysis could be an even more effective approach for the diagnosis of MPE. The Sentinel-MPE test can discriminate between BPE and MPE. The Sentinel-MPE liquid biopsy test can detect aberrant DNA in several different tumor types. The Sentinel-MPE test can be a complementary tool to cytology in the diagnosis of MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billie Bixby
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | | | - Jyoti Lenka
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Marc M Oshiro
- Boyer Liver Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - George S Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Trina Hughes
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Heidi Erickson
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Madhav Chopra
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - James L Knepler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Kenneth S Knox
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, USA
| | - Lisa Jarnagin
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, USA
| | - Raed Alalawi
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, USA
| | - Mrinalini Kala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, USA
| | | | | | - Denise J Roe
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Linda L Garland
- Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Bernard W Futscher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Mark A Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
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99678
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Majd H, Cesiulis A, Samuel RM, Richter MN, Elder N, Guyer RA, Hao MM, Stamp LA, Goldstein AM, Fattahi F. A call for a unified and multimodal definition of cellular identity in the enteric nervous system. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575794. [PMID: 38293133 PMCID: PMC10827084 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a tantalizing frontier in neuroscience. With the recent emergence of single cell transcriptomic technologies, this rare and poorly understood tissue has begun to be better characterized in recent years. A precise functional mapping of enteric neuron diversity is critical for understanding ENS biology and enteric neuropathies. Nonetheless, this pursuit has faced considerable technical challenges. By leveraging different methods to compare available primary mouse and human ENS datasets, we underscore the urgent need for careful identity annotation, achieved through the harmonization and advancements of wet lab and computational techniques. We took different approaches including differential gene expression, module scoring, co-expression and correlation analysis, unbiased biological function hierarchical clustering, data integration and label transfer to compare and contrast functional annotations of several independently reported ENS datasets. These analyses highlight substantial discrepancies stemming from an overreliance on transcriptomics data without adequate validation in tissues. To achieve a comprehensive understanding of enteric neuron identity and their functional context, it is imperative to expand tissue sources and incorporate innovative technologies such as multiplexed imaging, electrophysiology, spatial transcriptomics, as well as comprehensive profiling of epigenome, proteome, and metabolome. Harnessing human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) models provides unique opportunities for delineating lineage trees of the human ENS, and offers unparalleled advantages, including their scalability and compatibility with genetic manipulation and unbiased screens. We encourage a paradigm shift in our comprehension of cellular complexity and function in the ENS by calling for large-scale collaborative efforts and research investments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Majd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Andrius Cesiulis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Ryan M Samuel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Mikayla N Richter
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Nicholas Elder
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Richard A Guyer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marlene M. Hao
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lincon A. Stamp
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Allan M Goldstein
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Faranak Fattahi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lead contact
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99679
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Zeng X, Zhang K, Liang M, Yu B, Zhang P, Mehmood A, Zhang H. NAD + affects differentially expressed genes- MBOAT2- SLC25A21- SOX6 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. Int J Neurosci 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38315116 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2313022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a key role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration and provides anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). AIM In this study, we aimed to investigate whether NAD+ affects differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in splenocytes of EAE mice to reveal candidate genes for the pathogenesis of MS. METHODS The EAE model was used to perform an intervention on NAD+ to investigate its potential as a protective agent in inflammation and demyelination. Transcriptome analysis of nerve tissue was carried out to gain better insights into NAD+ function. Effects of NAD+ on DEGs in the splenocytes of EAE mice were investigated to determine its anti-inflammatory effect. RESULTS NAD+ in EAE mice showed the clinical score was significantly improved (EAE 3.190 ± 0.473 vs. NAD+ 2.049 ± 0.715). DEGs (MBOAT2, SLC25A21, and SOX6) between the EAE and the EAE + NAD+ groups showed that SOX6 was significantly improved after NAD+ treatment compared with the EAE group, and other indicators were improved but did not reach statistical significance. NAD+ exhibited clinical scores in EAE mice, and key inflammation was ameliorated in EAE mice spleen after NAD+ intervention, while transcriptome analysis between EAE and EAE + NAD+ groups showed several DEGs in the underlying mechanism. CONCLUSION NAD+ on DEGs attenuates disease severity in EAE. Transcriptome analysis on nerve tissue reveals several protein targets in the underlying mechanisms. However, NAD+ does not significantly improve DEGs in the splenocytes of the EAE model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kexue Zhang
- Senior Department of Pediatric, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Liang
- Senior Department of Pediatric, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Senior Department of Pediatric, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Hongtian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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99680
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Pan Z, Li B, Lu P, Rong G, Wang X. Inhibiting LCN2 can suppress the development of NSCLC by promoting ferroptosis. Gene 2024; 894:148026. [PMID: 38000702 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor progression is intricately linked to ferroptosis, a recently discovered form of regulated cell death. However, the specific causes of ferroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. METHODS In this study, we conducted transcriptome sequencing on NSCLC samples and identified Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) as a significantly differentially expressed gene associated with ferroptosis in NSCLC. Through the intersection of the set of significantly different genes with ferroptosis-related genes, we unveiled the relevance of LCN2 in NSCLC. To validate our findings, several cell lines (BEAS-2B, A549, H1299, PC-9, H1975) were utilized, and Western blot (WB) analysis was performed. We employed a variety of assays, including CCK8, EDU, scratch, Transwell, and specific assays targeting ferroptosis, to investigate the effects of LCN2 on NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and ferroptosis. Additionally, LCN2 was evaluated in vivo using a mouse tumor xenograft model. RESULTS In both NSCLC patients and cells, LCN2 exhibited upregulation and was associated with a poor prognosis. Inhibition of LCN2 promoted ferroptosis, resulting in the inhibition of NSCLC proliferation and migration. Conversely, the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 promoted NSCLC cell proliferation and migration while inhibiting ferroptosis. Furthermore, down-regulating LCN2 reduced Fer-1's promotion of NSCLC cell migration and proliferation, as well as its prevention of ferroptosis. In vivo inhibition of LCN2 prevented NSCLC cell growth and enhanced ferroptosis. CONCLUSION Based on our research, reducing LCN2 could effectively induce ferroptosis and hinder the growth of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjun Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Afiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China; The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang 212300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ben Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Afiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Afiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guoxiang Rong
- The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang 212300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Afiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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99681
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Shi H, Cui W, Qin Y, Chen L, Yu T, Lv J. A glimpse into novel acylations and their emerging role in regulating cancer metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:76. [PMID: 38315203 PMCID: PMC10844364 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality; however, the complex regulation process remains to be further elucidated. A large amount of preliminary investigations focus on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer metastasis. Notably, the posttranslational modifications were found to be critically involved in malignancy, thus attracting considerable attention. Beyond acetylation, novel forms of acylation have been recently identified following advances in mass spectrometry, proteomics technologies, and bioinformatics, such as propionylation, butyrylation, malonylation, succinylation, crotonylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, lactylation, among others. These novel acylations play pivotal roles in regulating different aspects of energy mechanism and mediating signal transduction by covalently modifying histone or nonhistone proteins. Furthermore, these acylations and their modifying enzymes show promise regarding the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, especially tumor metastasis. Here, we comprehensively review the identification and characterization of 11 novel acylations, and the corresponding modifying enzymes, highlighting their significance for tumor metastasis. We also focus on their potential application as clinical therapeutic targets and diagnostic predictors, discussing the current obstacles and future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Weigang Cui
- Central Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Jie Lv
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China.
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99682
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Zhang J, Tan YM, Li SR, Battini N, Zhang SL, Lin JM, Zhou CH. Discovery of benzopyridone cyanoacetates as new type of potential broad-spectrum antibacterial candidates. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116107. [PMID: 38171147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Unique benzopyridone cyanoacetates (BCs) as new type of promising broad-spectrum antibacterial candidates were discovered with large potential to combat the lethal multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Many prepared BCs showed broad antibacterial spectrum with low MIC values against the tested strains. Some highly active BCs exhibited rapid sterilization capacity, low resistant trend and good predictive pharmacokinetic properties. Furthermore, the highly active sodium BCs (NaBCs) displayed low hemolysis and cytotoxicity, and especially octyl NaBC 5g also showed in vivo potent anti-infective potential and appreciable pharmacokinetic profiles. A series of preliminary mechanistic explorations indicated that these active BCs could effectively eliminate bacterial biofilm and destroy membrane integrity, thus resulting in the leakage of bacterial cytoplasm. Moreover, their unique structures might further bind to intracellular DNA, DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV through various direct noncovalent interactions to hinder bacterial reproduction. Meanwhile, the active BCs also induced bacterial oxidative stress and metabolic disturbance, thereby accelerating bacterial apoptosis. These results provided a bright hope for benzopyridone cyanoacetates as potential novel multitargeting broad-spectrum antibacterial candidates to conquer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi-Min Tan
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shu-Rui Li
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Narsaiah Battini
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shao-Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Jian-Mei Lin
- Department of Infections, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Cheng-He Zhou
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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99683
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Möller C, Sharma R, Öz R, Reginato G, Cannavo E, Ceppi I, Sriram KK, Cejka P, Westerlund F. Xrs2/NBS1 promote end-bridging activity of the MRE11-RAD50 complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 695:149464. [PMID: 38217957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) can be detrimental to the cell and need to be efficiently repaired. A first step in DSB repair is to bring the free ends in close proximity to enable ligation by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), while the more precise, but less available, repair by homologous recombination (HR) requires close proximity of a sister chromatid. The human MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex, Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 (MRX) in yeast, is involved in both repair pathways. Here we use nanofluidic channels to study, on the single DNA molecule level, how MRN, MRX and their constituents interact with long DNA and promote DNA bridging. Nanofluidics is a suitable method to study reactions on DNA ends since no anchoring of the DNA end(s) is required. We demonstrate that NBS1 and Xrs2 play important, but differing, roles in the DNA tethering by MRN and MRX. NBS1 promotes DNA bridging by MRN consistent with tethering of a repair template. MRX shows a "synapsis-like" DNA end-bridging, stimulated by the Xrs2 subunit. Our results highlight the different ways MRN and MRX bridge DNA, and the results are in agreement with their key roles in HR and NHEJ, respectively, and contribute to the understanding of the roles of NBS1 and Xrs2 in DSB repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Möller
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 41296, Sweden
| | - Rajhans Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 41296, Sweden
| | - Robin Öz
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 41296, Sweden
| | - Giordano Reginato
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universitá della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, CH 6500, Switzerland
| | - Elda Cannavo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universitá della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, CH 6500, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Ceppi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universitá della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, CH 6500, Switzerland
| | - K K Sriram
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 41296, Sweden
| | - Petr Cejka
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universitá della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, CH 6500, Switzerland; Department of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fredrik Westerlund
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 41296, Sweden.
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99684
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Chai Y, Liu JL, Zhang S, Li N, Xu DQ, Liu WJ, Fu RJ, Tang YP. The effective combination therapies with irinotecan for colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1356708. [PMID: 38375031 PMCID: PMC10875015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1356708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer worldwide and has become one of the major human disease burdens. In clinical practice, the treatment of colorectal cancer has been closely related to the use of irinotecan. Irinotecan combines with many other anticancer drugs and has a broader range of drug combinations. Combination therapy is one of the most important means of improving anti-tumor efficacy and overcoming drug resistance. Reasonable combination therapy can lead to better patient treatment options, and inappropriate combination therapy will increase patient risk. For the colorectal therapeutic field, the significance of combination therapy is to improve the efficacy, reduce the adverse effects, and improve the ease of treatment. Therefore, we explored the clinical advantages of its combination therapy based on mechanism or metabolism and reviewed the rationale basis and its limitations in conducting exploratory clinical trials on irinotecan combination therapy, including the results of clinical trials on the combination potentiation of cytotoxic drugs, targeted agents, and herbal medicine. We hope that these can evoke more efforts to conduct irinotecan in the laboratory for further studies and evaluations, as well as the possibility of more in-depth development in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing-Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ding-Qiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui-Jia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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99685
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Budrewicz J, Chavez SL. Insights into embryonic chromosomal instability: mechanisms of DNA elimination during mammalian preimplantation development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1344092. [PMID: 38374891 PMCID: PMC10875028 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1344092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian preimplantation embryos often contend with aneuploidy that arose either by the inheritance of meiotic errors from the gametes, or from mitotic mis-segregation events that occurred following fertilization. Regardless of the origin, mis-segregated chromosomes become encapsulated in micronuclei (MN) that are spatially isolated from the main nucleus. Much of our knowledge of MN formation comes from dividing somatic cells during tumorigenesis, but the error-prone cleavage-stage of early embryogenesis is fundamentally different. One unique aspect is that cellular fragmentation (CF), whereby small subcellular bodies pinch off embryonic blastomeres, is frequently observed. CF has been detected in both in vitro and in vivo-derived embryos and likely represents a response to chromosome mis-segregation since it only appears after MN formation. There are multiple fates for MN, including sequestration into CFs, but the molecular mechanism(s) by which this occurs remains unclear. Due to nuclear envelope rupture, the chromosomal material contained within MN and CFs becomes susceptible to double stranded-DNA breaks. Despite this damage, embryos may still progress to the blastocyst stage and exclude chromosome-containing CFs, as well as non-dividing aneuploid blastomeres, from participating in further development. Whether these are attempts to rectify MN formation or eliminate embryos with poor implantation potential is unknown and this review will discuss the potential implications of DNA removal by CF/blastomere exclusion. We will also extrapolate what is known about the intracellular pathways mediating MN formation and rupture in somatic cells to preimplantation embryogenesis and how nuclear budding and DNA release into the cytoplasm may impact overall development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Budrewicz
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Shawn L. Chavez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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99686
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Kumar MA, Baba SK, Sadida HQ, Marzooqi SA, Jerobin J, Altemani FH, Algehainy N, Alanazi MA, Abou-Samra AB, Kumar R, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS, Macha MA, Mir R, Bhat AA. Extra cellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:27. [PMID: 38311623 PMCID: PMC10838959 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, membranous structures secreted into the extracellular space. They exhibit diverse sizes, contents, and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological conditions. Human serum is a rich source of these EVs, though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses challenges. These vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, DNA, and lipids across distances, influencing numerous physiological and pathological events, including those within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents, drug delivery systems, and disease biomarkers. Especially in cancer diagnostics, EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic biomarkers. Moreover, various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools, highlighting their potential clinical significance. The need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains unfulfilled. Tapping into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the future. In this review, we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions, including cancers (encompassing head and neck, lung, gastric, breast, and hepatocellular carcinoma), neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, viral infections, autoimmune and renal diseases, emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir A Kumar
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Sadaf K Baba
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Al Marzooqi
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jayakumar Jerobin
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal H Altemani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh Algehainy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Alanazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
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99687
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Bardhan S, Bhargava N, Dighe S, Vats N, Naganathan SR. Emergence of a left-right symmetric body plan in vertebrate embryos. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 159:310-342. [PMID: 38729680 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
External bilateral symmetry is a prevalent feature in vertebrates, which emerges during early embryonic development. To begin with, vertebrate embryos are largely radially symmetric before transitioning to bilaterally symmetry, after which, morphogenesis of various bilateral tissues (e.g somites, otic vesicle, limb bud), and structures (e.g palate, jaw) ensue. While a significant amount of work has probed the mechanisms behind symmetry breaking in the left-right axis leading to asymmetric positioning of internal organs, little is known about how bilateral tissues emerge at the same time with the same shape and size and at the same position on the two sides of the embryo. By discussing emergence of symmetry in many bilateral tissues and structures across vertebrate model systems, we highlight that understanding symmetry establishment is largely an open field, which will provide deep insights into fundamental problems in developmental biology for decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Bardhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Nandini Bhargava
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Swarali Dighe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Vats
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Sundar Ram Naganathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India.
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99688
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Jin K, Liao YC, Cheng TC, Li X, Lee WJ, Pi F, Jasinski D, Chen LC, Phelps MA, Ho YS, Guo P. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Pathology and Safety Aspects of Three- and Four-Way Junction RNA Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:718-728. [PMID: 38214504 PMCID: PMC10976369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics has advanced into the third milestone in pharmaceutical drug development, following chemical and protein therapeutics. RNA itself can serve as therapeutics, carriers, regulators, or substrates in drug development. Due to RNA's motile, dynamic, and deformable properties, RNA nanoparticles have demonstrated spontaneous targeting and accumulation in cancer vasculature and fast excretion through the kidney glomerulus to urine to prevent possible interactions with healthy organs. Furthermore, the negatively charged phosphate backbone of RNA results in general repulsion from negatively charged lipid cell membranes for further avoidance of vital organs. Thus, RNA nanoparticles can spontaneously enrich tumor vasculature and efficiently enter tumor cells via specific targeting, while those not entering the tumor tissue will clear from the body quickly. These favorable parameters have led to the expectation that RNA has low or little toxicity. RNA nanoparticles have been well characterized for their anticancer efficacy; however, little detail on RNA nanoparticle pathology and safety is known. Here, we report the in vitro and in vivo assessment of the pathology and safety aspects of different RNA nanoparticles including RNA three-way junction (3WJ) harboring 2'-F modified pyrimidine, folic acid, and Survivin siRNA, as well as the RNA four-way junction (4WJ) harboring 2'-F modified pyrimidine and 24 copies of SN38. Both animal models and patient serum were investigated. In vitro studies include hemolysis, platelet aggregation, complement activation, plasma coagulation, and interferon induction. In vivo studies include hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, hematological and biochemical analysis as the serum profiling, and animal organ weight study. No significant toxicity, side effect, or immune responses were detected during the extensive safety evaluations of RNA nanoparticles. These results further complement previous cancer inhibition studies and demonstrate RNA nanoparticles as an effective and safe drug delivery vehicle for future clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jin
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - You-Cheng Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110031, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Xin Li
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Wen-Jui Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Fengmei Pi
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Daniel Jasinski
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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99689
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Zhang Y, Xiao B, Liu Y, Wu S, Xiang Q, Xiao Y, Zhao J, Yuan R, Xie K, Li L. Roles of PPAR activation in cancer therapeutic resistance: Implications for combination therapy and drug development. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176304. [PMID: 38142851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance is a major obstacle to successful treatment or effective containment of cancer. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play an essential role in regulating energy homeostasis and determining cell fate. Despite of the pleiotropic roles of PPARs in cancer, numerous studies have suggested their intricate relationship with therapeutic resistance in cancer. In this review, we provided an overview of the roles of excessively activated PPARs in promoting resistance to modern anti-cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The mechanisms through which activated PPARs contribute to therapeutic resistance in most cases include metabolic reprogramming, anti-oxidant defense, anti-apoptosis signaling, proliferation-promoting pathways, and induction of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In addition, we discussed the mechanisms through which activated PPARs lead to multidrug resistance in cancer, including drug efflux, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and acquisition and maintenance of the cancer stem cell phenotype. Preliminary studies investigating the effect of combination therapies with PPAR antagonists have suggested the potential of these antagonists in reversing resistance and facilitating sustained cancer management. These findings will provide a valuable reference for further research on and clinical translation of PPAR-targeting treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhang
- School of Medicine, The South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Yunduo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Shunhong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Yuhan Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Junxiu Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Ruanfei Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Keping Xie
- School of Medicine, The South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Linhai Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China.
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99690
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Petrova E, López-Gay JM, Fahrner M, Leturcq F, de Villartay JP, Barbieux C, Gonschorek P, Tsoi LC, Gudjonsson JE, Schilling O, Hovnanian A. Comparative analyses of Netherton syndrome patients and Spink5 conditional knock-out mice uncover disease-relevant pathways. Commun Biol 2024; 7:152. [PMID: 38316920 PMCID: PMC10844249 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Netherton syndrome (NS) is a rare skin disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5 (SPINK5) gene. Disease severity and the lack of efficacious treatments call for a better understanding of NS mechanisms. Here we describe a novel and viable, Spink5 conditional knock-out (cKO) mouse model, allowing to study NS progression. By combining transcriptomics and proteomics, we determine a disease molecular profile common to mouse models and NS patients. Spink5 cKO mice and NS patients share skin barrier and inflammation signatures defined by up-regulation and increased activity of proteases, IL-17, IL-36, and IL-20 family cytokine signaling. Systemic inflammation in Spink5 cKO mice correlates with disease severity and is associated with thymic atrophy and enlargement of lymph nodes and spleen. This systemic inflammation phenotype is marked by neutrophils and IL-17/IL-22 signaling, does not involve primary T cell immunodeficiency and is independent of bacterial infection. By comparing skin transcriptomes and proteomes, we uncover several putative substrates of tissue kallikrein-related proteases (KLKs), demonstrating that KLKs can proteolytically regulate IL-36 pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our study thus provides a conserved molecular framework for NS and reveals a KLK/IL-36 signaling axis, adding new insights into the disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya Petrova
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Jesús María López-Gay
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, Paris, F-75248, Cedex 05, France
- Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Fahrner
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florent Leturcq
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre de Villartay
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory "Genome Dynamics in the Immune System", INSERM UMR 11635, Paris, France
| | - Claire Barbieux
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Gonschorek
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and University of Paris, Paris, France.
- Department of Genomic Medicine of rare diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
- University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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99691
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Foss EJ, Lichauco C, Gatbonton-Schwager T, Gonske SJ, Lofts B, Lao U, Bedalov A. Identification of 1600 replication origins in S. cerevisiae. eLife 2024; 12:RP88087. [PMID: 38315095 PMCID: PMC10945306 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There are approximately 500 known origins of replication in the yeast genome, and the process by which DNA replication initiates at these locations is well understood. In particular, these sites are made competent to initiate replication by loading of the Mcm replicative helicase prior to the start of S phase; thus, 'a site that binds Mcm in G1' might be considered to provide an operational definition of a replication origin. By fusing a subunit of Mcm to micrococcal nuclease, we previously showed that known origins are typically bound by a single Mcm double hexamer, loaded adjacent to the ARS consensus sequence (ACS). Here, we extend this analysis from known origins to the entire genome, identifying candidate Mcm binding sites whose signal intensity varies over at least three orders of magnitude. Published data quantifying single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) during S phase revealed replication initiation among the most abundant 1600 of these sites, with replication activity decreasing with Mcm abundance and disappearing at the limit of detection of ssDNA. Three other hallmarks of replication origins were apparent among the most abundant 5500 sites. Specifically, these sites: (1) appeared in intergenic nucleosome-free regions flanked on one or both sides by well-positioned nucleosomes; (2) were flanked by ACSs; and (3) exhibited a pattern of GC skew characteristic of replication initiation. We conclude that, if sites at which Mcm double hexamers are loaded can function as replication origins, then DNA replication origins are at least threefold more abundant than previously assumed, and we suggest that replication may occasionally initiate in essentially every intergenic region. These results shed light on recent reports that as many as 15% of replication events initiate outside of known origins, and this broader distribution of replication origins suggest that S phase in yeast may be less distinct from that in humans than widely assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Foss
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutch Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Carmina Lichauco
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutch Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | | | - Sara J Gonske
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutch Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Brandon Lofts
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutch Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Uyen Lao
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutch Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Antonio Bedalov
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutch Cancer CenterSeattleUnited States
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99692
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Bumunang EW, Castro VS, Alexander T, Zaheer R, McAllister TA, Guan LL, Stanford K. In Silico Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains from Presumptive Super- and Low-Shedder Cattle. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:86. [PMID: 38393164 PMCID: PMC10893428 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cattle are the primary reservoir for STEC O157, with some shedding >104 CFU/g in feces, a phenomenon known as super-shedding (SS). The mechanism(s) responsible for SS are not understood but have been attributed to the environment, host, and pathogen. This study aimed to compare genetic characteristics of STEC O157 strains from cattle in the same commercial feedlot pens with SS or low-shedding (LS) status. Strains from SS (n = 35) and LS (n = 28) collected from 11 pens in three feedlots were analyzed for virulence genes, Shiga toxin-carrying bacteriophage insertion sites, and phylogenetic relationships. In silico analysis showed limited variation regarding virulence gene profiles. Stx-encoding prophage insertion sites mrlA and wrbA for stx1a and stx2a, respectively, were all occupied, but two isolates had fragments of the stx-carrying phage in mrlA and wrbA loci without stx1a and stx2a. All strains screened for lineage-specific polymorphism assay (LSPA-6) were 111111, lineage I. Of the isolates, 61 and 2 were clades 1 and 8, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that pens with more than one SS had multiple distantly related clusters of SS and LS isolates. Although virulence genes and lineage were largely similar within and across feedlots, multiple genetic origins of strains within a single feedlot pen illustrate challenges for on-farm control of STEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel W. Bumunang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; (E.W.B.); (T.A.); (R.Z.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Vinicius S. Castro
- Faculty of Agronomy and Zootechnics, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78010-715, Brazil;
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1M4, Canada
| | - Trevor Alexander
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; (E.W.B.); (T.A.); (R.Z.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Rahat Zaheer
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; (E.W.B.); (T.A.); (R.Z.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Tim A. McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; (E.W.B.); (T.A.); (R.Z.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P9, Canada;
| | - Kim Stanford
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1M4, Canada
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99693
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Ailuno G, Baldassari S, Balboni A, Pastorino S, Zuccari G, Cortese K, Barbieri F, Drava G, Florio T, Caviglioli G. Development of Biotinylated Liposomes Encapsulating Metformin for Therapeutic Targeting of Inflammation-Based Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:235. [PMID: 38399288 PMCID: PMC10893420 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological response to a damaging stimulus but sometimes can be the cause of the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer. These pathologies are characterized by the overexpression of inflammatory markers like endothelial adhesion molecules, such as Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1). In the present work, the development of liposomes for therapeutic targeted delivery to inflamed endothelia is described. The idea is to exploit a three-step pretargeting system based on the biotin-avidin high-affinity interaction: the first step involves a previously described biotin derivative bearing a VCAM-1 binding peptide; in the second step, the avidin derivative NeutrAvidinTM, which strongly binds to the biotin moiety, is injected; the final step is the administration of biotinylated liposomes that would bind to NeutravidinTM immobilized onto VCAM-1 overexpressing endothelium. Stealth biotinylated liposomes, prepared via the thin film hydration method followed by extrusion and purification via size exclusion chromatography, have been thoroughly characterized for their chemico-physical and morphological features and loaded with metformin hydrochloride, a potential anti-inflammatory agent. The three-step system, tested in vitro on different cell lines via confocal microscopy, FACS analysis and metformin uptake, has proved its suitability for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Alice Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Pastorino
- Territorial Pharmacy of Azienda Sociosanitaria Ligure 2, Via Carlo Collodi 13, 17100 Savona, Italy;
| | - Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Giuliana Drava
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Tullio Florio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.B.); (T.F.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Caviglioli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
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99694
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Brunk CF, Marshall CR. Opinion: The Key Steps in the Origin of Life to the Formation of the Eukaryotic Cell. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:226. [PMID: 38398735 PMCID: PMC10890422 DOI: 10.3390/life14020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The path from life's origin to the emergence of the eukaryotic cell was long and complex, and as such it is rarely treated in one publication. Here, we offer a sketch of this path, recognizing that there are points of disagreement and that many transitions are still shrouded in mystery. We assume life developed within microchambers of an alkaline hydrothermal vent system. Initial simple reactions were built into more sophisticated reflexively autocatalytic food-generated networks (RAFs), laying the foundation for life's anastomosing metabolism, and eventually for the origin of RNA, which functioned as a genetic repository and as a catalyst (ribozymes). Eventually, protein synthesis developed, leading to life's biology becoming dominated by enzymes and not ribozymes. Subsequent enzymatic innovation included ATP synthase, which generates ATP, fueled by the proton gradient between the alkaline vent flux and the acidic sea. This gradient was later internalized via the evolution of the electron transport chain, a preadaptation for the subsequent emergence of the vent creatures from their microchamber cradles. Differences between bacteria and archaea suggests cellularization evolved at least twice. Later, the bacterial development of oxidative phosphorylation and the archaeal development of proteins to stabilize its DNA laid the foundation for the merger that led to the formation of eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford F. Brunk
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA
| | - Charles R. Marshall
- Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
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99695
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Hyun JS, Pun R, Park SJ, Lee BJ. Effect of Divalent Metal Ions on the Ribonuclease Activity of the Toxin Molecule HP0894 from Helicobacter pylori. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:225. [PMID: 38398734 PMCID: PMC10890551 DOI: 10.3390/life14020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria and archaea respond and adapt to environmental stress conditions by modulating the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system for survival. Within the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the protein HP0894 is a key player in the HP0894-HP0895 TA system, in which HP0894 serves as a toxin and HP0895 as an antitoxin. HP0894 has intrinsic ribonuclease (RNase) activity that regulates gene expression and translation, significantly influencing bacterial physiology and survival. This activity is influenced by the presence of metal ions such as Mg2+. In this study, we explore the metal-dependent RNase activity of HP0894. Surprisingly, all tested metal ions lead to a reduction in RNase activity, with zinc ions (Zn2+) causing the most significant decrease. The secondary structure of HP0894 remained largely unaffected by Zn2+ binding, whereas structural rigidity was notably increased, as revealed using CD analysis. NMR characterized the Zn2+ binding, implicating numerous His, Asp, and Glu residues in HP0894. In summary, these results suggest that metal ions play a regulatory role in the RNase activity of HP0894, contributing to maintaining the toxin molecule in an inactive state under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Shil Hyun
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Rabin Pun
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jean Park
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World Cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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99696
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Ingersoll S, Trouth A, Luo X, Espinoza A, Wen J, Tucker J, Astatike K, Phiel CJ, Kutateladze TG, Wu TP, Ramachandran S, Ren X. Sparse CBX2 nucleates many Polycomb proteins to promote facultative heterochromatinization of Polycomb target genes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.05.578969. [PMID: 38370615 PMCID: PMC10871256 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.05.578969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Facultative heterochromatinization of genomic regulators by Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 and 2 is essential in development and differentiation; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Using genetic engineering, molecular approaches, and live-cell single-molecule imaging, we quantify the number of proteins within condensates formed through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and find that in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), approximately 3 CBX2 proteins nucleate many PRC1 and PRC2 subunits to form one non-stoichiometric condensate. We demonstrate that sparse CBX2 prevents Polycomb proteins from migrating to constitutive heterochromatin, demarcates the spatial boundaries of facultative heterochromatin, controls the deposition of H3K27me3, regulates transcription, and impacts cellular differentiation. Furthermore, we show that LLPS of CBX2 is required for the demarcation and deposition of H3K27me3 and is essential for cellular differentiation. Our findings uncover new functional roles of LLPS in the formation of facultative heterochromatin and unravel a new mechanism by which low-abundant proteins nucleate many other proteins to form compartments that enable them to execute their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Ingersoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Abby Trouth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Xinlong Luo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Axel Espinoza
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Joey Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Joseph Tucker
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Kalkidan Astatike
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Christopher J. Phiel
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Tatiana G. Kutateladze
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tao P. Wu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Srinivas Ramachandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Xiaojun Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
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99697
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Valdebenito S, Eugenin E, Oberhauser A. SPR spectroscopic analysis of myosin binding to wild type and mutant UNC45B. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001131. [PMID: 38404916 PMCID: PMC10884834 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
UNC45B is a multidomain molecular chaperone that is essential for the proper folding and function of myosin. It has previously been demonstrated that the UCS domain is responsible for the chaperoning function of UNC45B and that removing its client-binding loop leads to a significant change in its solution conformation and a reduced chaperoning function. Here, we report the direct quantification of affinities of myosin binding to wild type and mutant UNC45B using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. We found that deletion of the client-binding loop in UNC45B resulted in a dramatic decrease in myosin affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Valdebenito
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Eliseo Eugenin
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Andres Oberhauser
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States
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99698
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Cen JH, Xie QH, Guo GH, Gao LJ, Liao YH, Zhong XP, Liu HY. Azide-modified corrole phosphorus complexes for endoplasmic reticulum-targeted fluorescence bioimaging and effective cancer photodynamic therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116102. [PMID: 38176359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Study on corrole photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has made remarkable progress. Targeted delivery of PSs is of great significance for enhancing therapeutic efficiency, decreasing the dosage, and reducing systemic toxicity during PDT. The development of PSs that can be specifically delivered to the subcellular organelle is still an attractive and challenging work. Herein, we synthesize a series of azide-modified corrole phosphorus and gallium complex PSs, in which phosphorus corrole 2-P could not only precisely target the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) up to 0.92 but also possesses the highest singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ = 0.75). This renders it remarkable PDT activity at a very low dosage (IC50 = 23 nM) towards HepG2 tumor cell line while ablating solid tumors in vivo with excellent biosecurity. Furthermore, 2-P exhibits intense red fluorescence (ΦF = 0.25), outstanding photostability, and a large Stokes shift (190 nm), making it a promising fluorescent probe for ER. This study provides a clinically potential photosensitizer for cancer photodynamic therapy and a promising ER fluorescent probe for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-He Cen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Qi-Hu Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Geng-Hong Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Long-Jiang Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yu-Hui Liao
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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99699
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Ni Q, Zhu T, Wang W, Guo D, Li Y, Chen T, Zhang X. Green Synthesis of Narrow-Size Silver Nanoparticles Using Ginkgo biloba Leaves: Condition Optimization, Characterization, and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1913. [PMID: 38339192 PMCID: PMC10856183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products derived from medicinal plants offer convenience and therapeutic potential and have inspired the development of antimicrobial agents. Thus, it is worth exploring the combination of nanotechnology and natural products. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the leaf extract of Ginkgo biloba (Gb), having abundant flavonoid compounds. The reaction conditions and the colloidal stability were assessed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the AgNPs. AgNPs exhibited a spherical morphology, uniform dispersion, and diameter ranging from ~8 to 9 nm. The FTIR data indicated that phytoconstituents, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids, could potentially serve as reducing and capping agents. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized AgNPs was assessed using broth dilution and agar well diffusion assays. The results demonstrate antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains at low AgNP concentrations. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs was examined in vitro using the CCK-8 method, which showed that low concentrations of AgNPs are noncytotoxic to normal cells and promote cell growth. In conclusion, an environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing AgNPs from Gb leaves yielded antibacterial AgNPs with minimal toxicity, holding promise for future applications in the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ni
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Ting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Dongdong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Yixiao Li
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China;
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Q.N.); (T.Z.); (W.W.); (D.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China;
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99700
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Tsuneki H, Honda K, Sekine Y, Yahata K, Yasue M, Fujishima M, Takeda R, Wada T, Sasaoka T. C-terminal peptide of preproorexin enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in rat cerebrocortical cells and recognition memory in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176306. [PMID: 38145647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
During the production of orexin A and B from preproorexin, a common precursor protein, in hypothalamic orexin neurons, C-terminal peptide (herein called preproorexin C-peptide) is concomitantly produced via post-translational processing. The predicted three-dimensional structure of preproorexin C-peptide is similar among mammalian species, suggestive of a conserved function in the mammalian brain. However, C-peptide has long been regarded as a non-functional peptide. We herein examined the effects of rat and/or mouse preproorexin C-peptide on gene expression and cell viability in cultured rat cerebrocortical cells and on memory behavior in C57BL/6J mice. Rat and mouse C-peptides both increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) mRNA levels. Moreover, C-peptide enhanced high K+-, glutamate-, and BDNF-induced increases in Bdnf mRNA levels without affecting forskolin-induced Bdnf expression. H-89, a protein kinase A inhibitor, blocked C-peptide-induced Bdnf expression, whereas rolipram, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, enhanced this effect. Intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations were elevated by C-peptide. These results demonstrate that preproorexin C-peptide promoted Bdnf mRNA expression by a cyclic AMP-dependent mechanism. Eleven amino acids at the N terminus of rat preproorexin C-peptide exerted similar effects on Bdnf expression as full-length preproorexin C-peptide. Preproorexin C-peptide also exerted protective effects against CoCl2-induced neuronal cell death. An intracerebroventricular injection of mouse preproorexin C-peptide induced c-fos and Bdnf expression in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and enhanced novel object recognition memory in mice. Collectively, the present results show that preproorexin C-peptide is a functional substance, at least in some pharmacological and neuronal settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsuneki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan; Department of Integrative Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Honda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yurika Sekine
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Koji Yahata
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Moeka Yasue
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujishima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ryuta Takeda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Wada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Sasaoka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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