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Mannavola F, Tucci M, Felici C, Stucci S, Silvestris F. miRNAs in melanoma: a defined role in tumor progression and metastasis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 12:79-89. [PMID: 26505837 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2016.1100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The crosstalk of melanoma cells with components of the microenvironment promotes malignant cell proliferation and spread to distant tissues. Although the major pathogenetic events have already been elucidated, the mechanisms that drive the metastatic behavior of tumor cells are still undefined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control post-transcriptional gene expression through interconnected kinases upstream of functional genes involved in tumor progression. Here, we review the biological relevance of melanoma-related miRNAs and focus on their potential role in propagating signals that may cause tumor microenvironment rearrangements, as well as disablement of the immune system and melanoma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mannavola
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Marco Tucci
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Claudia Felici
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Stefania Stucci
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
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52
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Mei S, Liu Y, Wu X, He Q, Min S, Li L, Zhang Y, Yang R. TNF-α-mediated microRNA-136 induces differentiation of myeloid cells by targeting NFIA. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:301-10. [PMID: 26329426 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1a0115-032rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cell-lineage specification and function are influenced by progenitor origin and environmental factors. The mechanism of differentiation of immune cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, in inflammatory environments has not been elucidated completely. In this study, we have identified human microRNA-136 as a positive regulator of the differentiation of granulocytes and monocytes. Ectopic microRNA-136 induced cells to express higher levels of CD11b, CD14, and C/EBPε, secrete more cytokines, and synthesize higher levels of reactive oxygen species and H(2)O(2). microRNA-136 was shown to target and degrade multiple differentiation-associated molecules, such as the transcription factor NFIA, which induced the release of another microRNA, microRNA-223, with the ability to promote CD11b expression. Furthermore, microRNA-136 expression was remarkably increased by TNF-α, which activated NF-κB to bind to the DNA-promoter region controlling microRNA-136 expression. Additionally, TNF-α may alter NFIA expression through its modulation of microRNA-136 expression. Thus, TNF-α-mediated microRNA-136 may play a critical role in the generation and differentiation of inflammatory immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Mei
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xue Wu
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Qingsheng He
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Siping Min
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Mei S, Xin J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Liang X, Su X, Yan H, Huang Y, Yang R. MicroRNA-200c Promotes Suppressive Potential of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by Modulating PTEN and FOG2 Expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135867. [PMID: 26285119 PMCID: PMC4540422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute one of the major populations that potently suppress anti-tumor immune responses and favor tumor growth in tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism(s) regulating the differentiation and suppressive function of tumor-associated MDSCs remain(s) unclear. Here, we identified a microRNA-200c (miR-200c), whose expression was dramatically induced by tumor-derived factors. Meanwhile, we also demonstrated that GM-CSF was a main inducer of miR-200c in tumor environment, and miR-200c in turn promoted the expansion and immune suppressive activity of MDSCs via targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and friend of Gata 2 (FOG2), which can lead to STAT3 and PI3K/Akt activation. Finally, we examined in vivo suppressive function of miR-200c transfected MDSCs and found that miR-200c could remarkably promote tumor growth via modifying MDSCs. Thus, GM-CSF induced miR-200c in tumor environment plays a critical role in governing the expansion and functions of tumor-associated MDSCs and serves as a potential target in immunotherapy against tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Mei
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Xin
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xue Liang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Su
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yugang Huang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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54
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Noman MZ, Janji B, Hu S, Wu JC, Martelli F, Bronte V, Chouaib S. Tumor-Promoting Effects of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Are Potentiated by Hypoxia-Induced Expression of miR-210. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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55
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Gentner B, Pochert N, Rouhi A, Boccalatte F, Plati T, Berg T, Sun SM, Mah SM, Mirkovic-Hösle M, Ruschmann J, Muranyi A, Leierseder S, Argiropoulos B, Starczynowski DT, Karsan A, Heuser M, Hogge D, Camargo FD, Engelhardt S, Döhner H, Buske C, Jongen-Lavrencic M, Naldini L, Humphries RK, Kuchenbauer F. MicroRNA-223 dose levels fine tune proliferation and differentiation in human cord blood progenitors and acute myeloid leukemia. Exp Hematol 2015; 43:858-868.e7. [PMID: 26163797 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A precise understanding of the role of miR-223 in human hematopoiesis and in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still lacking. By measuring miR-223 expression in blasts from 115 AML patients, we found significantly higher miR-223 levels in patients with favorable prognosis, whereas patients with low miR-223 expression levels were associated with worse outcome. Furthermore, miR-223 was hierarchically expressed in AML subpopulations, with lower expression in leukemic stem cell-containing fractions. Genetic depletion of miR-223 decreased the leukemia initiating cell (LIC) frequency in a myelomonocytic AML mouse model, but it was not mandatory for rapid-onset AML. To relate these observations to physiologic myeloid differentiation, we knocked down or ectopically expressed miR-223 in cord-blood CD34⁺ cells using lentiviral vectors. Although miR-223 knockdown delayed myeloerythroid precursor differentiation in vitro, it increased myeloid progenitors in vivo following serial xenotransplantation. Ectopic miR-223 expression increased erythropoiesis, T lymphopoiesis, and early B lymphopoiesis in vivo. These findings broaden the role of miR-223 as a regulator of the expansion/differentiation equilibrium in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells where its impact is dose- and differentiation-stage-dependent. This also explains the complex yet minor role of miR-223 in AML, a heterogeneous disease with variable degree of myeloid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Hospital, Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy and Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Pochert
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Arefeh Rouhi
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Francesco Boccalatte
- San Raffaele Hospital, Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy and Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Plati
- San Raffaele Hospital, Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy and Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Tobias Berg
- Department of Medicine II, Center for Internal Medicine at the Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Su Ming Sun
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah M Mah
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Milijana Mirkovic-Hösle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gene Center and Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ludwig Maximilians University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Ruschmann
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew Muranyi
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simon Leierseder
- Institute for Pharmakology and Toxicology, Technical University, Germany
| | - Bob Argiropoulos
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Aly Karsan
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Donna Hogge
- Department of Medicine II, Center for Internal Medicine at the Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fernando D Camargo
- The Stem Cell Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- Institute for Pharmakology and Toxicology, Technical University, Germany
| | - Hartmut Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Buske
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Hospital, Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy and Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Florian Kuchenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
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56
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Tian J, Rui K, Tang X, Ma J, Wang Y, Tian X, Zhang Y, Xu H, Lu L, Wang S. MicroRNA-9 Regulates the Differentiation and Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells via Targeting Runx1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:1301-11. [PMID: 26091714 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a critical role in tumor-associated immunosuppression, thus affecting effective immunotherapies for cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the differentiation and function of MDSCs remain largely unclear. In this study, we found that inhibition of microRNA (miR)-9 promoted the differentiation of MDSCs with significantly reduced immunosuppressive function whereas overexpression of miR-9 markedly enhanced the function of MDSCs. Notably, knockdown of miR-9 significantly impaired the activity of MDSCs and inhibited the tumor growth of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Moreover, miR-9 regulated MDSCs differentiation by targeting the runt-related transcription factor 1, an essential transcription factor in regulating MDSC differentiation and function. Furthermore, the CREB was found to regulate miR-9 expression in MDSCs. Taken together, our findings have identified a critical role of miR-9 in regulating the differentiation and function of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
| | - Ke Rui
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
| | - Xinyi Tang
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
| | - Jie Ma
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
| | - Yungang Wang
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210013, China; and
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57
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Chen S, Zhang Y, Kuzel TM, Zhang B. Regulating Tumor Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by MicroRNAs. CANCER CELL & MICROENVIRONMENT 2015; 2:e637. [PMID: 26005707 PMCID: PMC4440580 DOI: 10.14800/ccm.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of the major cell components responsible for cancer immune evasion. Studying mechanisms associated with the regulation of MDSCs is becoming appreciated as another way to manipulate immune responses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as substances which may interact with MDSCs, and eight miRNAs including miR-17-5p, miR-20a, miR-223, miR-21, miR-155, miR-494, miR-690 and miR-101 are of particular interest regarding MDSC accumulation and function. We have reviewed the data supporting this activity of these entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Chen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Timothy M. Kuzel
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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58
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Fuentes E, Palomo I, Alarcón M. Platelet miRNAs and cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2015; 133:29-44. [PMID: 26003375 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Activated platelets play a critical role in the acute complications of atherosclerosis that cause life-threatening ischemic events at late stages of the disease. The miRNAs are a novel class of small, non-coding RNAs that play a significant role in both inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. The miRNAs are known to be present in platelets and exert important regulatory functions. Here we systematically examine the genes that are regulated by platelet miRNAs (miRNA-223,miRNA-126,miRNA-21, miRNA-24 and miRNA-197) and the association with cardiovascular disease risks. Platelet-secreted miRNAs could be novel biomarkers associated with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
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59
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Parker KH, Beury DW, Ostrand-Rosenberg S. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Critical Cells Driving Immune Suppression in the Tumor Microenvironment. Adv Cancer Res 2015. [PMID: 26216631 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that suppress innate and adaptive immunity. MDSCs are present in many disease settings; however, in cancer, they are a major obstacle for both natural antitumor immunity and immunotherapy. Tumor and host cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) produce a myriad of pro-inflammatory mediators that activate MDSCs and drive their accumulation and suppressive activity. MDSCs utilize a variety of mechanisms to suppress T cell activation, induce other immune-suppressive cell populations, regulate inflammation in the TME, and promote the switching of the immune system to one that tolerates and enhances tumor growth. Because MDSCs are present in most cancer patients and are potent immune-suppressive cells, MDSCs have been the focus of intense research in recent years. This review describes the history and identification of MDSCs, the role of inflammation and intracellular signaling events governing MDSC accumulation and suppressive activity, immune-suppressive mechanisms utilized by MDSCs, and recent therapeutics that target MDSCs to enhance antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Parker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel W Beury
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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60
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MicroRNAs as mediators and communicators between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Oncogene 2015; 34:5857-68. [PMID: 25867073 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells grow in an environment comprised of multiple components that support tumor growth and contribute to therapy resistance. Major cell types in the tumor microenvironment are fibroblasts, endothelial cells and infiltrating immune cells all of which communicate with cancer cells. One way that these cell types promote cancer progression is by altering the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate protein expression, either in the cancer cells or in the associated normal cells. Changes in miRNA expression can be brought about by direct interaction between the stromal cells and cancer cells, by paracrine factors secreted by any of the cell types or even through direct communication between cells through secreted miRNAs. Understanding the role of miRNAs in the complex interactions between the tumor and cells in its microenvironment is necessary if we are to understand tumor progression and devise new treatments.
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61
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De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Adults: Suppression of MicroRNA-223 is Independent of LMO2 Protein Expression BUT Associate With Adverse Cytogenetic Profile and Undifferentiated Blast Morphology. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2015; 23:733-9. [PMID: 25710580 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (MIR) signatures are critical to pathobiology and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MIR223 is expressed at low levels in progenitor cells, whereas high expression is induced by granulocytic differentiation. Novel-targeted therapies through epigenetic manipulation of MIR223 regulators are being explored in AML but correlative data between established clinical prognostic markers and MIR223 expression in AML is lacking. MIR223 has inverse relationship with LMO2 protein expression and our group has recently reported a close association between LMO2 protein expression and chromosomal findings in AML patients. In this study, we examined the expression of MIR223 in a large cohort of AML patients and correlated it with LMO2 protein expression, cytogenetic data, degree of differentiation [French-American and British (FAB)/World Health Organization classifications], and overall survival. MIR223 expression was upregulated in only a subset of patients (37%). Suppression of MIR223 was more frequent among patients with aneuploid karyotype compared with diploid karyotype (P=0.005). In AML, not otherwise specified category, AML with maturation (FAB-M2) showed higher levels of MIR223 when compared with either AML without maturation (FAB M0/M1) (P=0.001); AML with monoblastic differentiation (FAB M4/M5) (P=0.004) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (P=0.011). Among cytogenetic risk groups, suppression of MIR223 was universal (>95%) in high-risk group when compared with intermediate-risk group (P=0.004). No correlation between MIR223 and LMO2 protein expression was identified. In conclusion, we have shown that suppression of MIR223 expression, as compared with controls, is associated with lack of differentiation and adverse cytogenetic profile, but unrelated with LMO2 protein expression or overall survival.
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62
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Botta C, Gullà A, Correale P, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in multiple myeloma: pre-clinical research and translational opportunities. Front Oncol 2014; 4:348. [PMID: 25538892 PMCID: PMC4258997 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive cells have been reported to play an important role in tumor-progression mainly because of their capability to promote immune-escape, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Among them, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been recently identified as immature myeloid cells, induced by tumor-associated inflammation, able to impair both innate and adaptive immunity. While murine MDSCs are usually identified by the expression of CD11b and Gr1, human MDSCs represent a more heterogeneous population characterized by the expression of CD33 and CD11b, low or no HLA-DR, and variable CD14 and CD15. In particular, the last two may alternatively identify monocyte-like or granulocyte-like MDSC subsets with different immunosuppressive properties. Recently, a substantial increase of MDSCs has been found in peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with a role in disease progression and/or drug resistance. Pre-clinical models recapitulating the complexity of the MM-related BM microenvironment (BMM) are major tools for the study of the interactions between MM cells and cells of the BMM (including MDSCs) and for the development of new agents targeting MM-associated immune-suppressive cells. This review will focus on current strategies for human MDSCs generation and investigation of their immunosuppressive function in vitro and in vivo, taking into account the relevant relationship occurring within the MM–BMM. We will then provide trends in MDSC-associated research and suggest potential application for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cirino Botta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University and Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, "Salvatore Venuta" University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Annamaria Gullà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University and Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, "Salvatore Venuta" University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | | | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University and Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, "Salvatore Venuta" University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University and Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, "Salvatore Venuta" University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy ; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University , Philadelphia, PA , USA
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63
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Morita M, Chen J, Fujino M, Kitazawa Y, Sugioka A, Zhong L, Li XK. Identification of microRNAs involved in acute rejection and spontaneous tolerance in murine hepatic allografts. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6649. [PMID: 25323448 PMCID: PMC5377586 DOI: 10.1038/srep06649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft acceptance without the need for immunosuppressive drugs is the ultimate goal of transplantation therapy. In murine liver transplantation, allografts are accepted across major histocompatibility antigen complex barriers without the use of immunosuppressive drugs and constitute a suitable model for research on immunological rejection and tolerance. MicroRNA (miRNA) has been known to be involved in the immunological responses. In order to identify mRNAs in spontaneous liver allograft tolerance, miRNA expression in hepatic allografts was examined using this transplantation model. According to the graft pathological score and function, miR-146a, 15b, 223, 23a, 27a, 34a and 451 were upregulated compared with the expression observed in the syngeneic grafts. In contrast, miR-101a, 101b and 148a were downregulated. Our results demonstrated the alteration of miRNAs in the allografts and may indicate the role of miRNAs in the induction of tolerance after transplantation. Furthermore, our data suggest that monitoring the graft expression of novel miRNAs may allow clinicians to differentiate between rejection and tolerance. A better understanding of the tolerance inducing mechanism observed in murine hepatic allografts may provide a therapeutic strategy for attenuating allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Morita
- 1] Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo [2] Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jiajie Chen
- 1] Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo [2] Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Masayuki Fujino
- 1] Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo [2] AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo
| | - Atsushi Sugioka
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Liang Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo
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Tian J, Rui K, Wang S. Roles of miRNAs in regulating the differentiation and maturation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Med Hypotheses 2014; 83:151-3. [PMID: 24916610 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulate in tumor-bearing hosts and play an essential role in tumor-associated immunosuppression, which hampers effective immunotherapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate target gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. miRNAs are involved in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and maturation, and abnormal expression and function of miRNAs are recognized in various human diseases. Accumulating evidence shows that various miRNAs modulate the development and differentiation of myeloid cells, which implies their possible role in the differentiation of MDSCs into mature myeloid cells. Our recent studies have found that the classical myeloid differentiation related gene runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) and target nuclear factor 1/A (NFI-A) are modulated during the differentiation and maturation of MDSCs while six miRNAs are found to possibly regulate these two targets by miRNA array analysis. Thus, we hypothesize that the predicted miRNAs may modulate the target genes to regulate the differentiation and maturation of MDSCs. Further studies will provide a novel potential approach for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ke Rui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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65
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Wong JJL, Ritchie W, Gao D, Lau KA, Gonzalez M, Choudhary A, Taft RJ, Rasko JEJ, Holst J. Identification of nuclear-enriched miRNAs during mouse granulopoiesis. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:42. [PMID: 24886830 PMCID: PMC4046156 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-7-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are coordinators of cellular differentiation, including granulopoiesis. Although differential expression of many miRNAs is associated with the maturation of granulocytes, analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs and their cellular localization across all stages of granulopoiesis, starting from hemopoietic stems cells, is not well characterized. Methods We analyzed whole cell miRNA and mRNA expression during granulopoiesis using Taqman low-density and Affymetrix arrays respectively. We also performed nuclear and cytoplasmic fractionation followed by Taqman low-density array and/or quantitative PCR to identify nuclear-enriched miRNAs in hemopoietic stem/progenitor cells, promyelocytes, myelocytes, granulocytes and several hemopoietic cell lines. Anti-correlation between the expression of miRNA and target pairs was used to determine putative miRNA targets. Results Analyses of our array data revealed distinct clusters of differentially expressed miRNAs that are specific to promyelocytes and granulocytes. While the roles of many of these miRNAs in granulopoiesis are not currently known, anti-correlation of the expression of miRNA/mRNA target pairs identified a suite of novel target genes. Clusters of miRNAs (including members of the let-7 and miR-17-92 families) are downregulated in hemopoietic stem/progenitor cells, potentially allowing the expression of target genes known to facilitate stem cell proliferation and homeostasis. Additionally, four miRNAs (miR-709, miR-706, miR-690 and miR-467a*) were found to be enriched in the nucleus of myeloid cells and multiple hemopoietic cell lines compared to other miRNAs, which are predominantly cytoplasmic-enriched. Both miR-709 and miR-706 are nuclear-enriched throughout granulopoiesis and have putative binding sites of extensive complementarity downstream of pri-miRNAs. Nuclear enrichment of miR-467a* is specific to hemopoietic stem/progenitors and promyelocytes. These miRNAs are also nuclear-enriched in other hemopoietic cell lines, where nuclear sequestering may fine-tune the expression of cytoplasmic mRNA targets. Conclusions Overall, we have demonstrated differentially expressed miRNAs that have not previously been associated with hemopoietic differentiation and provided further evidence of regulated nuclear-enrichment of miRNAs. Further studies into miRNA function in granulocyte development may shed light on fundamental aspects of regulatory RNA biology and the role of nuclear miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeff Holst
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, Australia.
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66
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Chakraborty P, Das S, Banerjee K, Sinha A, Roy S, Chatterjee M, Choudhuri SK. A copper chelate selectively triggers apoptosis in myeloid-derived suppressor cells in a drug-resistant tumor model and enhances antitumor immune response. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:165-75. [PMID: 24611750 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.897727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), one of the major orchestrators of immunosuppressive network are present in the tumor microenvironment suppress antitumor immunity by subverting Th1 response in tumor site and considered as a great obstacle for advancement of different cancer immunotherapeutic protocols. Till date, various pharmacological approaches have been explored to modulate the suppressive functions of MDSCs in vivo. The present study describes our endeavor to explore a possibility of eradicating MDSCs by the application of a copper chelate, namely copper N-(2-hydroxy acetophenone) glycinate (CuNG), previously found to be a potential immunomodulator that can elicit antitumorogenic Th1 response in doxorubicin-resistant EAC (EAC/Dox) bearing mice. Herein, we demonstrated that CuNG treatment could reduce Gr-1+CD11b+ MDSC accumulation in ascitic fluid and spleen of EAC/Dox tumor model. Furthermore, we found that CuNG mediated reduction in MDSCs is associated with induction of Th1 response and reduction in Treg cells. Moreover, we observed that CuNG could deplete MDSCs by inducing Fas-FasL mediated apoptotic cell death where death receptor Fas expression is enhanced in MDSCs and FasL is provided by activated T cells. However, MDSC expansion from bone marrow cells and their differentiation was not affected by CuNG. Altogether, these findings suggest that the immunomodulatory property of CuNG is attributed to, at least in part, by its selective cytotoxic action on MDSCs. So, this preclinical study unveils a new mechanism of regulating MDSC levels in drug-resistant cancer model and holds promise of translating the findings into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , Kolkata, West Bengal , India and
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67
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Li L, Zhang J, Diao W, Wang D, Wei Y, Zhang CY, Zen K. MicroRNA-155 and MicroRNA-21 promote the expansion of functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:1034-43. [PMID: 24391219 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are one of the main cell populations that negatively regulate immune responses. However, the mechanism underlying the expansion of MDSC remains unclear. Using miRNA microarray and TaqMan probe-based quantitative RT-PCR assay, we identified microRNA (miR)-155 and miR-21 as the two most upregulated miRNAs during the induction of MDSC from the bone marrow cells by GM-CSF and IL-6. High levels of miR-155 and miR-21 also were detected in bone marrow and spleen MDSC isolated from tumor-bearing mice. Our results also showed that TGF-β promoted the induction of MDSC through upregulating miR-155 and miR-21 expression. Overexpression of miR-155 and miR-21 enhanced whereas depletion of miR-155 and miR-21 reduced the frequencies of cytokine-induced MDSC. Subpopulation analysis indicated that miR-21 and miR-155 induced the expansion of both monocytic and granulocytic MDSC. Furthermore, miR-155 and miR-21 showed a synergistic effect on MDSC induction via targeting SHIP-1 and phosphatase and tensin homolog, respectively, leading to STAT3 activation. Finally, dexamethasone treatment strongly enhanced MDSC expansion through upregulating miR-155 and miR-21 expression, and the effect of dexamethasone on MDSC induction was abolished by depleting cellular miR-155 and miR-21. These results demonstrate a novel miR-155/miR-21-based regulatory mechanism that modulates functional MDSC induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Li
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
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68
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Achberger S, Aldrich W, Tubbs R, Crabb JW, Singh AD, Triozzi PL. Circulating immune cell and microRNA in patients with uveal melanoma developing metastatic disease. Mol Immunol 2013; 58:182-6. [PMID: 24370793 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune response has been implicated in the control of uveal melanoma progression. Epigenetic mechanisms mediated by specific microRNAs (miRs) regulate immune responses. METHODS Blood was drawn from six patients with uveal melanoma followed from diagnosis, at which time there was no clinical or radiographic evidence of metastasis, until metastasis manifested. Circulating T cell, natural killer (NK), natural killer T (NKT), and myeloid suppressor cell populations were assessed by flow cytometry. CD3(+), CD15(+), and CD56(+) cells were isolated using immunomagnetic beads. Plasma and cellular levels of immune regulatory miRs were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. RESULTS The development of metastasis was associated with decreases in circulating CD3(-)CD56(dim) NK cells and CD8(+) and double-negative CD3(+)CD56(+) NKT cells. ICOS(+)CD4(+)FoxP3(+) T regulatory cells and CD11b(+)CD14(-)CD15(+) myeloid suppressor cells increased. Plasma levels of miR-20a, 125b, 146a, 155, 181a, and 223 were higher in the study patients at diagnosis compared to controls. Plasma levels of miR-20a, 125b, 146a, 155, and 223 increased, and miR-181a decreased when metastasis manifested. Alterations in immune regulatory miRs were also observed in CD3(+), CD15(+), and CD56(+) cell populations. CONCLUSIONS The development of metastasis in uveal melanoma is associated with changes in immune effector and regulatory cells consistent with lessening tumor immune surveillance. These changes are associated with changes in plasma and cellular levels of immune regulatory miRs. The results may help guide uveal melanoma immunotherapy and biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Achberger
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Wayne Aldrich
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Raymond Tubbs
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - John W Crabb
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Arun D Singh
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Pierre L Triozzi
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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69
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Hegde VL, Tomar S, Jackson A, Rao R, Yang X, Singh UP, Singh NP, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Distinct microRNA expression profile and targeted biological pathways in functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells induced by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in vivo: regulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α by microRNA-690. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:36810-26. [PMID: 24202177 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.503037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major bioactive component of marijuana, has been shown to induce functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in vivo. Here, we studied the involvement of microRNA (miRNA) in this process. CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) MDSCs were purified from peritoneal exudates of mice administered with THC and used for genome-wide miRNA profiling. Expression of CD31 and Ki-67 confirmed that the THC-MDSCs were immature and proliferating. THC-induced MDSCs exhibited distinct miRNA expression signature relative to various myeloid cells and BM precursors. We identified 13 differentially expressed (>2-fold) miRNA in THC-MDSCs relative to control BM precursors. In silico target prediction for these miRNA and pathway analysis using multiple bioinformatics tools revealed significant overrepresentation of Gene Ontology clusters within hematopoiesis, myeloid cell differentiation, and regulation categories. Insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling involved in cell growth and proliferation, and myeloid differentiation pathways were among the most significantly enriched canonical pathways. Among the differentially expressed, miRNA-690 was highly overexpressed in THC-MDSCs (∼16-fold). Transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) was identified as a potential functional target of miR-690. Supporting this, C/EBPα expression was attenuated in THC-MDSCs as compared with BM precursors and exhibited an inverse relation with miR-690. miR-690 knockdown using peptide nucleic acid-antagomiR was able to unblock and significantly increase C/EBPα expression establishing the functional link. Further, CD11b(+)Ly6G(+)Ly6C(+) and CD11b(+)Ly6G(-)Ly6C(+) purified subtypes showed high levels of miR-690 with attenuated C/EBPα expression. Moreover, EL-4 tumor-elicited MDSCs showed increased miR-690 expression. In conclusion, miRNA are significantly altered during the generation of functional MDSC from BM. Select miRNA such as miR-690 targeting genes involved in myeloid expansion and differentiation likely play crucial roles in this process and therefore in cannabinoid-induced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh L Hegde
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
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Sonda N, Simonato F, Peranzoni E, Calì B, Bortoluzzi S, Bisognin A, Wang E, Marincola FM, Naldini L, Gentner B, Trautwein C, Sackett SD, Zanovello P, Molon B, Bronte V. miR-142-3p prevents macrophage differentiation during cancer-induced myelopoiesis. Immunity 2013; 38:1236-49. [PMID: 23809164 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression is accompanied by an altered myelopoiesis causing the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells. Here, we showed that miR-142-3p downregulation promoted macrophage differentiation and determined the acquisition of their immunosuppressive function in tumor. Tumor-released cytokines signaling through gp130, the common subunit of the interleukin-6 cytokine receptor family, induced the LAP∗ isoform of C/EBPβ transcription factor, promoting macrophage generation. miR-142-3p downregulated gp130 by canonical binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) 3' UTR and repressed C/EBPβ LAP∗ by noncanonical binding to its 5' mRNA coding sequence. Enforced miR expression impaired macrophage differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Mice constitutively expressing miR-142-3p in the bone marrow showed a marked increase in survival following immunotherapy with tumor-specific T lymphocytes. By modulating a specific miR in bone marrow precursors, we thus demonstrated the feasibility of altering tumor-induced macrophage differentiation as a potent tool to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Sonda
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Oncology and Immunology Section, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
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Abstract
Expression of the microRNA miR-223 is deregulated during influenza or hepatitis B infection and in inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, leukaemia and lymphoma. Although this may also be the result of the disease per se, increasing evidence suggests a role for miR-223 in limiting inflammation to prevent collateral damage during infection and in preventing oncogenic myeloid transformation. Validated targets for miR-223 that have effects on inflammation and infection include granzyme B, IKKα, Roquin and STAT3. With regard to cancer, validated targets include C/EBPβ, E2F1, FOXO1 and NFI-A. The effect of miR-223 on these targets has been documented individually; however, it is more likely that miR-223 affects multiple targets simultaneously for key processes where the microRNA is important. Such processes include haematopoietic cell differentiation, particularly towards the granulocyte lineage (where miR-223 is abundant) and as cells progress down the myeloid lineage (where miR-223 expression decreases). NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome are important inflammatory mechanisms that are dampened by miR-223 in these cell types. The miRNA can also directly target viruses such as HIV, leading to synergistic effects during infection. Here we review the recent studies of miR-223 function to show how it modulates inflammation, infection and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haneklaus
- Inflammation Research Group and Immunology Research Centre, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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72
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Chen W, Harbeck MC, Zhang W, Jacobson JR. MicroRNA regulation of integrins. Transl Res 2013; 162:133-43. [PMID: 23859989 PMCID: PMC3825554 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small RNAs that are ∼20 nucleotides in length and are nontranslated. To date, more than 700 miRNAs have been identified, and their involvement in many essential cellular processes is now apparent. By binding with target messenger RNAs (mRNA), miRNAs are able to regulate both mRNA stability and mRNA translational efficiency. Integrins are a family of transmembrane proteins that both regulate cell matrix interactions and serve as receptors that mediate intracellular signaling and a variety of cellular processes, including inflammatory responses, immunoresponses, and tumorigenesis. Integrin expression may also be regulated by miRNAs, which can also modulate integrin signaling and function. Integrins are heterodimer adhesion proteins comprised of an α and a β subunit. Cumulatively, there are 18 α subunits and 8 β subunits that can combine to form 24 distinct αβ receptor complexes. In addition, each integrin can be classified into 1 of 4 groups based on its extracellular binding ligand: collagen, laminin, RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) or leukocyte-specific receptors. Collagen ligand integrins include integrins α1 and α2 subunits, known to be regulated by specific miRNAs. Among the laminin ligand integrins, there are no integrin α subunits known to be regulated by miRNA. As for the RGD ligand integrins, integrin α5 is the only α subunit found to be regulated by miRNAs (miR-31, miR-17-92 cluster, and miR-148 b). Finally, among the α subunits that comprise the leukocyte-specific receptor ligand integrins, integrins αD, αL, αM, and αX have shown regulation by different miRNAs. As for the integrin β subunits, regulation by miRNAs has been reported for all but β5 and β6 to date. However, computational predictions suggest that numerous miRNAs potentially regulate a variety of target integrins. These predictions will undoubtedly guide future investigations of mechanisms underlying integrin expression mechanism and may ultimately yield new therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Chen
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill., USA
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El Gazzar M. microRNAs as potential regulators of myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion. Innate Immun 2013; 20:227-38. [PMID: 23757323 DOI: 10.1177/1753425913489850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper development and activation of cells of the myeloid lineage are critical for supporting innate immunity. This myelopoiesis is orchestrated by interdependent interactions between cytokine receptors, transcription factors and, as recently described, microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs contribute to normal and dysregulated myelopoiesis. Alterations in myelopoiesis underlie myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expansion, a poorly understood heterogeneous population of immature and suppressive myeloid cells that expand in nearly all diseases where inflammation exists. MDSCs associated with inflammation often have immunosuppressive properties, but molecular mechanisms responsible for MDSC expansion are unclear. Emerging data implicate miRNAs in MDSC expansion. This review focuses on miRNAs that contribute to myeloid lineage differentiation and maturation under physiological conditions, and introduces the concept that altered miRNA expression my underlie expansion and accumulation of MDSCs. We divide our miRNAs into those with potential to promote MDSC expansion and two with known direct links to MDSC expansion, miR-223 and miR-494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Gazzar
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, USA
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74
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Nian W, Ao X, Wu Y, Huang Y, Shao J, Wang Y, Chen Z, Chen F, Wang D. miR-223 functions as a potent tumor suppressor of the Lewis lung carcinoma cell line by targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and cyclin-dependent kinase 2. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:359-366. [PMID: 24137330 PMCID: PMC3789020 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) have been hypothesized to function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors by targeting specific cancer-related genes. Previous studies have reported that miR-223 may serve as a tumor suppressor in a number of cancer types, however, knowledge of its targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains limited. In the current study, miR-223 was found to inhibit cell proliferation in vitro by CCK-8 assay, growth curves and an anchorage-independent growth assay in a Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell line. miR-223 transfection in the LLC cells was observed to significantly inhibit migration and invasion, induce G2/M arrest and decrease the expression levels of Sca-1, a marker of murine stem cells. In addition, miR-223 transfection markedly suppressed AKT and ERK signaling, as well as insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R)-mediated downstream signaling, pathways that are crucial for cell proliferation and invasion in NSCLC cells. Analyses in C57BL/6 mice demonstrated that miR-223 suppresses tumorigenicity in vivo. Using a luciferase activity assay and western blot analysis, IGF-1R and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) were identified as direct targets of miR-223. In the present study, novel cancer-related targets of miR-223 were identified and verified in a LLC cell line, indicating that miR-223 functions as a tumor suppressor, which may fine-tune the activity of the IGF-1R pathway in lung cancer. Therefore, increasing miR-223 expression may provide a novel approach for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Nian
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Tumor Hospital, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China ; Institute of Cancer Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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75
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Zhuang J, Zhang J, Lwin ST, Edwards JR, Edwards CM, Mundy GR, Yang X. Osteoclasts in multiple myeloma are derived from Gr-1+CD11b+myeloid-derived suppressor cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48871. [PMID: 23173040 PMCID: PMC3500251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts play a key role in the development of cancer-associated osteolytic lesions. The number and activity of osteoclasts are often enhanced by tumors. However, the origin of osteoclasts is unknown. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of the pre-metastatic niche components that are induced to expand by tumor cells. Here we show that the MDSCs can differentiate into mature and functional osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo. Inoculation of 5TGM1-GFP myeloma cells into C57BL6/KaLwRij mice led to a significant expansion of MDSCs in blood, spleen, and bone marrow over time. When grown in osteoclastogenic media in vitro, MDSCs from tumor-challenged mice displayed 14 times greater potential to differentiate into mature and functional osteoclasts than those from non-tumor controls. Importantly, MDSCs from tumor-challenged LacZ transgenic mice differentiated into LacZ+osteoclasts in vivo. Furthermore, a significant increase in tumor burden and bone loss accompanied by increased number of osteoclasts was observed in mice co-inoculated with tumor-challenged MDSCs and 5TGM1 cells compared to the control animals received 5TGM1 cells alone. Finally, treatment of MDSCs from myeloma-challenged mice with Zoledronic acid (ZA), a potent inhibitor of bone resorption, inhibited the number of osteoclasts formed in MDSC cultures and the expansion of MDSCs and bone lesions in mice. Collectively, these data provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that tumor-induced MDSCs exacerbate cancer-associated bone destruction by directly serving as osteoclast precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Zhuang
- Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (XY)
| | - Jianghong Zhang
- Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Seint T. Lwin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - James R. Edwards
- Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Claire M. Edwards
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Gregory R. Mundy
- Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xiangli Yang
- Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JZ); (XY)
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Rangrez AY, M'Baya-Moutoula E, Metzinger-Le Meuth V, Hénaut L, Djelouat MSEI, Benchitrit J, Massy ZA, Metzinger L. Inorganic phosphate accelerates the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells: evidence for the involvement of miR-223. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47807. [PMID: 23094093 PMCID: PMC3475714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgound An elevated serum inorganic phosphate (Pi) level is a major risk factor for kidney disease and downstream vascular complications. We focused on the effect of Pi levels on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), with an emphasis on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs). Methodology/Principal Findings Exposure of human primary VSMCs in vitro to pathological levels of Pi increased calcification, migration rate and concomitantly reduced cell proliferation and the amount of the actin cytoskeleton. These changes were evidenced by significant downregulation of miRNA-143 (miR-143) and miR-145 and concomitant upregulation of their targets and key markers in synthetic VSMCs, such as Krüppel-like factors−4 and −5 and versican. Interestingly, we also found that miR-223 (a marker of muscle damage and a key factor in osteoclast differentiation) is expressed in VSMCs and is significantly upregulated in Pi-treated cells. Over-expressing miR-223 in VSMCs increased proliferation and markedly enhanced VSMC migration. Additionally, we found that the expression of two of the known miR-223 targets, Mef2c and RhoB, was highly reduced in Pi treated as well as miR-223 over-expressing VSMCs. To complement these in vitro findings, we also observed significant downregulation of miR-143 and miR-145 and upregulation of miR-223 in aorta samples collected from ApoE knock-out mice, which display vascular calcification. Conclusions/Significance Our results suggest that (i) high levels of Pi increase VSMC migration and calcification, (ii) altered expression levels of miR-223 could play a part in this process and (iii) miR-223 is a potential new biomarker of VSMC damage.
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MESH Headings
- Actin Cytoskeleton/genetics
- Actin Cytoskeleton/metabolism
- Animals
- Aorta/cytology
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Humans
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- MADS Domain Proteins/genetics
- MADS Domain Proteins/metabolism
- MEF2 Transcription Factors
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myogenic Regulatory Factors/genetics
- Myogenic Regulatory Factors/metabolism
- Phosphates/metabolism
- Phosphates/pharmacology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Vascular Calcification/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Versicans/genetics
- Versicans/metabolism
- rhoB GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
- rhoB GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Yusuf Rangrez
- INSERM U1088, Amiens, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Eléonore M'Baya-Moutoula
- INSERM U1088, Amiens, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France
| | | | - Lucie Hénaut
- INSERM U1088, Amiens, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France
| | | | - Joyce Benchitrit
- INSERM U1088, Amiens, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Ziad A. Massy
- INSERM U1088, Amiens, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France
- Division(s) of Pharmacology / Nephrology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Laurent Metzinger
- INSERM U1088, Amiens, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France
- * E-mail:
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77
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Zeng X, Xiang J, Wu M, Xiong W, Tang H, Deng M, Li X, Liao Q, Su B, Luo Z, Zhou Y, Zhou M, Zeng Z, Li X, Shen S, Shuai C, Li G, Fang J, Peng S. Circulating miR-17, miR-20a, miR-29c, and miR-223 combined as non-invasive biomarkers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46367. [PMID: 23056289 PMCID: PMC3466268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs have been considered as a kind of potential novel biomarker for cancer detection due to their remarkable stability in the blood and the characteristics of their expression profile in many diseases. Methods We performed microarray-based serum miRNA profiling on the serum of twenty nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at diagnosis along with 20 non-cancerous individuals as controls. This was followed by a real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) in a separate cohort of thirty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and thirty age- matched non-cancerous volunteers. A model for diagnosis was established by a conversion of mathematical calculation formula which has been validated by analyzing 74 cases of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 57 cases of non-cancerous volunteers. Results The profiles showed that 39 and 17 miRNAs are exclusively expressed in the serum of non-cancerous volunteers and of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma respectively. 4 miRNAs including miR-17, miR-20a, miR-29c, and miR-223 were found to be expressed differentially in the serum of NPC compared with that of non-cancerous control. Based on this, a diagnosis equation with Ct difference method has been established to distinguish NPC cases and non-cancerous controls and validated with high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions We demonstrate that the serum miRNA-based biomarker model become a novel tool for NPC detection. The circulating 4-miRNA-based method may provide a novel strategy for NPC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Xiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Min Deng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Bo Su
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shourong Shen
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jiasheng Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JF); (SP)
| | - Shuping Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JF); (SP)
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78
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Zhang M, Liu Q, Mi S, Liang X, Zhang Z, Su X, Liu J, Chen Y, Wang M, Zhang Y, Guo F, Zhang Z, Yang R. Both miR-17-5p and miR-20a alleviate suppressive potential of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by modulating STAT3 expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:4716-24. [PMID: 21383238 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were one of the major components of the immune suppressive network. STAT3 has an important role in regulating the suppressive potential of MDSCs. In this study, we found that the expression of STAT3 could be modulated by both miR-17-5p and miR-20a. The transfection of miR-17-5p or miR-20a remarkably reduces the expression of reactive oxygen species and the production of H(2)O(2), which are regulated by STAT3. MDSCs transfected with miR-17-5p or miR-20a are less able to suppress Ag-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells. Importantly, both miR-17-5p and miR-20a alleviate the suppressive function of MDSCs in vivo. The expression of miR-17-5p and miR-20a in tumor-associated MDSCs was found to be lower than in Gr1(+)CD11b(+) cells isolated from the spleens of disease-free mice. Tumor-associated factor downregulates the expression of both miR-17-5p and miR-20a. The modulation of miR-17-5p and miR-20a expression may be important for the process by which patients with a tumor can overcome the immune tolerance mediated by MDSCs. Our results suggest that miR-17-5p and miR-20a could potentially be used for immunotherapy against diseases, especially cancer, by blocking STAT3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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