51
|
Verma SP, Das P. Monensin induces cell death by autophagy and inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) in UOK146 renal cell carcinoma cell line. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:736-742. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
52
|
Kljun J, León IE, Peršič Š, Cadavid-Vargas JF, Etcheverry SB, He W, Bai Y, Turel I. Synthesis and biological characterization of organoruthenium complexes with 8-hydroxyquinolines. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 186:187-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
53
|
Abstract
Evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies suggest the importance of zinc homeostasis in seizures/epilepsy. Undoubtedly, zinc, via modulation of a variety of targets, is necessary for maintaining the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition, while an imbalance between excitation and inhibition underlies seizures. However, the relationship between zinc signaling and seizures/epilepsy is complex as both extracellular and intracellular zinc may produce either protective or detrimental effects. This review provides an overview of preclinical/behavioral, functional and molecular studies, as well as clinical data on the involvement of zinc in the pathophysiology and treatment of seizures/epilepsy. Furthermore, the potential of targeting elements associated with zinc signaling or homeostasis and zinc levels as a therapeutic strategy for epilepsy is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Doboszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Młyniec
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wlaź
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Poleszak
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Wlaź
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Wehbe M, Leung AWY, Abrams MJ, Orvig C, Bally MB. A Perspective - can copper complexes be developed as a novel class of therapeutics? Dalton Trans 2018; 46:10758-10773. [PMID: 28702645 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01955f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although copper-ligand complexes appear to be promising as a new class of therapeutics, other than the family of copper(ii) coordination compounds referred to as casiopeínas these compounds have yet to reach the clinic for human use. The pharmaceutical challenges associated with developing copper-based therapeutics will be presented in this article along with a discussion of the potential for high-throughput chemistry, computer-aided drug design, and nanotechnology to address the development of this important class of drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Wehbe
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Dai F, Yuan CH, Ji Y, Du YT, Bao XZ, Wu LX, Jin XL, Zhou B. Keto-enol-based modification on piperlongumine to generate a potent Cu(II) ionophore that triggers redox imbalance and death of HepG2 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:124-132. [PMID: 29555591 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Altered redox status including higher levels of copper in cancer cells than in normal cells inspired many researchers to develop copper ionophores targeting this status. We have recently found that flavon-3-ol (3-HF) works as a potent Cu(II) ionophore by virtue of its keto-enol moiety. To further emphasize the significance of this moiety for developing Cu(II) ionophores, we herein designed a β-diketo analog of piperlongumine, PL-I, characterized by the presence of high proportion of the keto-enol form in dimethylsulfoxide and chloroform, and identified its keto-enol structure by NMR and theoretical calculations. Benefiting from deprotonation of its enolic hydroxyl group, this molecule is capable of facilitating the transport of Cu(II) through cellular membranes to disrupt redox homeostasis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells and trigger their death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Cui-Hong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yu-Ting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xia-Zhen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ling-Xi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Malarz K, Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz A, Serda M, Rejmund M, Polanski J, Musiol R. The role of oxidative stress in activity of anticancer thiosemicarbazones. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17689-17710. [PMID: 29707141 PMCID: PMC5915149 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiosemicarbazones are chelators of transition metals such as iron or copper whose anticancer potency is intensively investigated. Although two compounds from this class have entered clinical trials, their precise mechanism of action is still unknown. Recent studies have suggested the mobilization of the iron ions from a cell, as well as the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, and the formation of reactive oxygen species. The complexity and vague nature of this mechanism not only impedes a more rational design of novel compounds, but also the further development of those that are highly active that are already in the preclinical phase. In the current work, a series of highly active thiosemicarbazones was studied for their antiproliferative activity in vitro. Our experiments indicate that these complexes have ionophoric properties and redox activity. They appeared to be very effective generating reactive oxygen species and deregulating the antioxidative potential of a cell. Moreover, the genes that are responsible for antioxidant capacity were considerably deregulated, which led to the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. On the other hand, good intercalating properties of the studied compounds may explain their ability to cleave DNA strands and to also poison related enzymes through the formation of reactive oxygen species. These findings may help to explain the particularly high selectivity that they have over normal cells, which generally have a stronger redox equilibrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Malarz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Anna Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, Chorzów, Poland
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Serda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Rejmund
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Polanski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Robert Musiol
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Critical Role of Zinc as Either an Antioxidant or a Prooxidant in Cellular Systems. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9156285. [PMID: 29743987 PMCID: PMC5884210 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9156285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is recognized as an essential trace metal required for human health; its deficiency is strongly associated with neuronal and immune system defects. Although zinc is a redox-inert metal, it functions as an antioxidant through the catalytic action of copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase, stabilization of membrane structure, protection of the protein sulfhydryl groups, and upregulation of the expression of metallothionein, which possesses a metal-binding capacity and also exhibits antioxidant functions. In addition, zinc suppresses anti-inflammatory responses that would otherwise augment oxidative stress. The actions of zinc are not straightforward owing to its numerous roles in biological systems. It has been shown that zinc deficiency and zinc excess cause cellular oxidative stress. To gain insights into the dual action of zinc, as either an antioxidant or a prooxidant, and the conditions under which each role is performed, the oxidative stresses that occur in zinc deficiency and zinc overload in conjunction with the intracellular regulation of free zinc are summarized. Additionally, the regulatory role of zinc in mitochondrial homeostasis and its impact on oxidative stress are briefly addressed.
Collapse
|
58
|
Bonaccorso C, Grasso G, Musso N, Barresi V, Condorelli DF, La Mendola D, Rizzarelli E. Water soluble glucose derivative of thiocarbohydrazone acts as ionophore with cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 182:92-102. [PMID: 29452884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble ionophore based on the thiocarbohydrazone moiety conjugated with glucose (GluTch) was synthesized through a simple two-step procedure. Structural elucidation was carried out in water solution by means of various spectroscopic techniques (NMR, UV-Vis, and CD), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and density functional theory calculations. The flexible nature of the thiocarbohydrazone moiety of the new glycoderivative compound induced both different coordination motifs and stoichiometry towards copper and zinc. Cytotoxicity assays of the ligands on the human normal keratinocyte NCTC-2544, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and PC-3 human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines demonstrated that i) higher activity on cancer cells growth inhibition compared to a normal cell line; ii) the introduction of the glucose unit does not alter the cytotoxic activity of the underivatized ionophore ligand and iii) the presence of copper ion improves the activity of the thiocarbohydrazones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Bonaccorso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, via Celso Ulpiani, 27, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giulia Grasso
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB-CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologiche, Sez. Biochimica Medica, via S. Sofia 64, I-95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenza Barresi
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologiche, Sez. Biochimica Medica, via S. Sofia 64, I-95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele F Condorelli
- Dipartimento Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologiche, Sez. Biochimica Medica, via S. Sofia 64, I-95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, via Celso Ulpiani, 27, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, via Celso Ulpiani, 27, 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Wehbe M, Malhotra AK, Anantha M, Lo C, Dragowska WH, Dos Santos N, Bally MB. Development of a copper-clioquinol formulation suitable for intravenous use. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:239-251. [PMID: 29247315 PMCID: PMC5756275 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Clioquinol (CQ) is an FDA-approved topical antifungal agent known to kill cancer cells. This facilitated the initiation of clinical trials in patients with refractory hematologic malignancies. These repurposing efforts were not successful; this was likely due to low intracellular levels of the drug owing to poor absorption and rapid metabolism upon oral administration. CQ forms a sparingly soluble copper complex (Cu(CQ)2) that exhibits enhanced anticancer activity in some cell lines. We have utilized a novel method to synthesize Cu(CQ)2 inside liposomes, an approach that maintains the complex suspended in solution and in a format suitable for intravenous administration. The complex was prepared inside 100-nm liposomes composed of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol (55:45). The therapeutic activity of the resultant formulation was evaluated in two subcutaneous tumor models (glioblastoma and ovarian cancers) but was not active. We also assessed the ability of the Cu(CQ)2 formulation to increase copper delivery to cancer cells in vitro and its potential to be used in combination with disulfiram (DSF). The results suggested that addition of Cu(CQ)2 enhanced cellular copper levels and the activity of DSF in vitro; however, this combination did not result in a statistically significant reduction in tumor growth in vivo. These studies demonstrate that a Cu(CQ)2 formulation suitable for intravenous use can be prepared, but this formulation used alone or in combination with DSF was not efficacious. The methods described are suitable for development formulations of other analogues of 8-hydroxyquinoline which could prove to be more potent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moe Wehbe
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada.
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Armaan K Malhotra
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Malathi Anantha
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Cody Lo
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Wieslawa H Dragowska
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nancy Dos Santos
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Marcel B Bally
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Copper as a target for prostate cancer therapeutics: copper-ionophore pharmacology and altering systemic copper distribution. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37064-37080. [PMID: 27175597 PMCID: PMC5095059 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-ionophores that elevate intracellular bioavailable copper display significant therapeutic utility against prostate cancer cells in vitro and in TRAMP (Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate) mice. However, the pharmacological basis for their anticancer activity remains unclear, despite impending clinical trails. Herein we show that intracellular copper levels in prostate cancer, evaluated in vitro and across disease progression in TRAMP mice, were not correlative with copper-ionophore activity and mirrored the normal levels observed in patient prostatectomy tissues (Gleason Score 7 & 9). TRAMP adenocarcinoma cells harbored markedly elevated oxidative stress and diminished glutathione (GSH)-mediated antioxidant capacity, which together conferred selective sensitivity to prooxidant ionophoric copper. Copper-ionophore treatments [CuII(gtsm), disulfiram & clioquinol] generated toxic levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TRAMP adenocarcinoma cells, but not in normal mouse prostate epithelial cells (PrECs). Our results provide a basis for the pharmacological activity of copper-ionophores and suggest they are amendable for treatment of patients with prostate cancer. Additionally, recent in vitro and mouse xenograft studies have suggested an increased copper requirement by prostate cancer cells. We demonstrated that prostate adenocarcinoma development in TRAMP mice requires a functional supply of copper and is significantly impeded by altered systemic copper distribution. The presence of a mutant copper-transporting Atp7b protein (tx mutation: A4066G/Met1356Val) in TRAMP mice changed copper-integration into serum and caused a remarkable reduction in prostate cancer burden (64% reduction) and disease severity (grade), abrogating adenocarcinoma development. Implications for current clinical trials are discussed.
Collapse
|
61
|
Arredondo M, González M, Latorre M. Copper. TRACE ELEMENTS AND MINERALS IN HEALTH AND LONGEVITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-03742-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
62
|
Flavonoids-induced redox cycling of copper ions leads to generation of reactive oxygen species: A potential role in cancer chemoprevention. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:569-578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
63
|
Fang L, Trigiante G, Kousseff CJ, Crespo-Otero R, Philpott MP, Watkinson M. Biotin-tagged fluorescent sensor to visualize ‘mobile’ Zn2+ in cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9619-9622. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05425h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A biotin-tagged fluorescent sensor was developed to image Zn2+ in cancer cells specifically, which showed no entry to normal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Fang
- The Joseph Priestley Building
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Giuseppe Trigiante
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
- Queen Mary University of London
- London E1 2AT
- UK
| | - Christina J. Kousseff
- The Joseph Priestley Building
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Rachel Crespo-Otero
- The Joseph Priestley Building
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Michael P. Philpott
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
- Queen Mary University of London
- London E1 2AT
- UK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- The Joseph Priestley Building
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Abstract
Transition metals have been recognized and studied primarily in the context of their essential roles as structural and metabolic cofactors for biomolecules that compose living systems. More recently, an emerging paradigm of transition-metal signaling, where dynamic changes in transitional metal pools can modulate protein function, cell fate, and organism health and disease, has broadened our view of the potential contributions of these essential nutrients in biology. Using copper as a canonical example of transition-metal signaling, we highlight key experiments where direct measurement and/or visualization of dynamic copper pools, in combination with biochemical, physiological, and behavioral studies, have deciphered sources, targets, and physiological effects of copper signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Departments of Chemistry, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Jiao Y, Hannafon BN, Zhang RR, Fung KM, Ding WQ. Docosahexaenoic acid and disulfiram act in concert to kill cancer cells: a mutual enhancement of their anticancer actions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17908-17920. [PMID: 28107189 PMCID: PMC5392296 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a synergistic anticancer action of clioquinol and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in human cancer cells. However, clioquinol has been banned from the clinic due to its neurotoxicity. This study identified disulfiram (DSF) as a substitute compound to clioquinol, acting in concert with DHA to more effectively kill cancer cells and suppress tumor growth. Treatment with DSF and DHA induced greater apoptotic cell death and suppression of tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, as compared to DSF and DHA used alone. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that DSF enhances DHA-induced cellular oxidative stress as evidenced by up-regulation of Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) gene transcription. On the other hand, DHA was found to enhance DSF-induced suppression of mammosphere formation and stem cell frequency in a selected cancer model system, indicating that alterations to cancer cell stemness are involved in the combinatory anticancer action of DSF and DHA. Thus, DHA and DSF, both clinically approved drugs, act in concert to more effectively kill cancer cells. This combinatory action involves an enhancement of cellular oxidative stress and suppression of cancer cell stemness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Bethany N Hannafon
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Roy R Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Justiniano R, Perer J, Hua A, Fazel M, Krajisnik A, Cabello CM, Wondrak GT. A Topical Zinc Ionophore Blocks Tumorigenic Progression in UV-exposed SKH-1 High-risk Mouse Skin. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:1472-1482. [PMID: 28503778 DOI: 10.1111/php.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy in the United States representing a considerable public health burden. Pharmacological suppression of skin photocarcinogenesis has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies, but more efficacious photochemopreventive agents are needed. Here, we tested feasibility of harnessing pharmacological disruption of intracellular zinc homeostasis for photochemoprevention in vitro and in vivo. Employing the zinc ionophore and FDA-approved microbicidal agent zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), used worldwide in over-the-counter (OTC) topical consumer products, we first demonstrated feasibility of achieving ZnPT-based intracellular Zn2+ overload in cultured malignant keratinocytes (HaCaT-ras II-4; SCC-25) employing membrane-permeable fluorescent probes. Zinc overload was accompanied by induction of intracellular oxidative stress, associated with mitochondrial superoxide release as substantiated by MitoSOX Red™ fluorescence microscopy. ZnPT-induced cell death observable in malignant keratinocytes was preceded by induction of metal (MT2A), proteotoxic (HSPA6, HSPA1A, DDIT3, HMOX1) and genotoxic stress response (GADD45A, XRCC2) gene expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Comet analysis revealed introduction of formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-sensitive oxidative DNA lesions. In a photocarcinogenesis model (UV-exposed SKH-1 high-risk mouse skin), topical ZnPT administration post-UV caused epidermal zinc overload and stress response gene expression with pronounced blockade of tumorigenesis. Taken together, these data suggest feasibility of repurposing a topical OTC drug for zinc-directed photochemoprevention of solar UV-induced NMSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Justiniano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Jessica Perer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Anh Hua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Mohammad Fazel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Andrea Krajisnik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Christopher M Cabello
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Dai F, Yan WJ, Du YT, Bao XZ, Li XZ, Zhou B. Structural basis, chemical driving forces and biological implications of flavones as Cu(II) ionophores. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:554-563. [PMID: 28431962 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A main biochemical property of cancer cells, compared with normal cells, is altered redox status including increased levels of copper to maintain their malignant phenotypes. Thus, increasing copper accumulation, by using ionophores, to disrupt abnormal redox homeostasis of cancer cells may be an important anticancer strategy. Naturally occurring molecules with extraordinarily diverse chemical scaffolds are an important source of inspiration for developing copper ionophores. Dietary flavonoids are well-characterized copper chelators and show cancer chemopreventive potential, but their ionophoric role for redox-active copper and the related biological implications have remained unknown. This study reports, for the first time, the structural basis, chemical driving forces and biological implications of flavones (a widely distributed subgroup of flavonoids) as Cu(II) ionophores, and also provides new insights into cancer chemopreventive mechanism of flavones bearing 3(or 5)-hydroxy-4-keto group. 3-Hydroxyflavone surfaced as a potent Cu(II) ionophore to induce the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of cancer cells in a redox intervention fashion via sequential proton-loss Cu(II) chelation, GSH-driving releasing of copper and protonation-dependent efflux of the neutral ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yu-Ting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xia-Zhen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiu-Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Musiol R. An overview of quinoline as a privileged scaffold in cancer drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:583-597. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1319357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
69
|
Chhabra M, Babu LT, Mondal A, Sun H, Paira P. Amberlite IRA 402(OH) Mediated Green Synthesis of Novel Benzothiazole–quinoline Conjugates as Cancer Theranostics. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Chhabra
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu India
- Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Lavanya Thilak Babu
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ashaparna Mondal
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu India
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Costello LC, Franklin RB. Decreased zinc in the development and progression of malignancy: an important common relationship and potential for prevention and treatment of carcinomas. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:51-66. [PMID: 27885880 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1265506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Efficacious chemotherapy does not exist for treatment or prevention of prostate, liver, and pancreatic carcinomas, and some other cancers that exhibit decreased zinc in malignancy. Zinc treatment offers a potential solution; but its support has been deterred by adverse bias. Areas covered: 1. The clinical and experimental evidence for the common ZIP transporter/Zn down regulation in these cancers. 2. The evidence for a zinc approach to prevent and/or treat these carcinomas. 3. The issues that introduce bias against support for the zinc approach. Expert opinion: ZIP/Zn downregulation is a clinically established common event in prostate, hepatocellular and pancreatic cancers. 2. Compelling evidence supports the plausibility that a zinc treatment regimen will prevent development of malignancy and termination of progressing malignancy in these cancers; and likely other carcinomas that exhibit decreased zinc. 3. Scientifically-unfounded issues that oppose this ZIP/Zn relationship have introduced bias against support for research and funding of a zinc treatment approach. 4. The clinically-established and supporting experimental evidence provide the scientific credibility that should dictate the support for research and funding of a zinc approach for the treatment and possible prevention of these cancers. 5. This is in the best interest of the medical community and the public-at-large.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Costello
- a Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences , School of Dentistry; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Renty B Franklin
- a Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences , School of Dentistry; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland , Baltimore , MD , USA
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Kljun J, Anko M, Traven K, Sinreih M, Pavlič R, Peršič Š, Ude Ž, Codina EE, Stojan J, Lanišnik Rižner T, Turel I. Pyrithione-based ruthenium complexes as inhibitors of aldo-keto reductase 1C enzymes and anticancer agents. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:11791-800. [PMID: 27357845 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00668j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four ruthenium complexes of clinically used zinc ionophore pyrithione and its oxygen analog 2-hydroxypyridine N-oxide were prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of enzymes of the aldo-keto reductase subfamily 1C (AKR1C). A kinetic study assisted with docking simulations showed a mixed type of inhibition consisting of a fast reversible and a slow irreversible step in the case of both organometallic compounds 1A and 1B. Both compounds also showed a remarkable selectivity towards AKR1C1 and AKR1C3 which are targets for breast cancer drug design. The organoruthenium complex of ligand pyrithione as well as pyrithione itself also displayed toxicity on the hormone-dependent MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with EC50 values in the low micromolar range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Kljun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
72
|
Costello LC, Franklin RB. A comprehensive review of the role of zinc in normal prostate function and metabolism; and its implications in prostate cancer. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 611:100-112. [PMID: 27132038 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The human prostate gland contains extremely high zinc levels; which is due to the specialized zinc-accumulating acinar epithelial of the peripheral zone. These cells evolved for their unique capability to produce and secrete extremely levels of citrate, which is achieved by the high cellular zinc level effects on the cell metabolism. This review highlights the specific functional and metabolic alterations that result from the accumulation of the high zinc levels, especially its effects on mitochondrial citrate metabolism and terminal oxidation. The implications of zinc in the development and progression of prostate cancer are described, which is the most consistent hallmark characteristic of prostate cancer. The requirement for decreased zinc resulting from down regulation of ZIP1 to prevent zinc cytotoxicity in the malignant cells is described as an essential early event in prostate oncogenesis. This provides the basis for the concept that an agent (such as the zinc ionophore, clioquinol) that facilitates zinc uptake and accumulation in ZIP1-deficient prostate tumors cells will markedly inhibit tumor growth. In the current absence of an efficacious chemotherapy for advanced prostate cancer, and for prevention of early development of malignancy; a zinc treatment regimen is a plausible approach that should be pursued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Costello
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental School/University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Renty B Franklin
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental School/University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; The University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Wehbe M, Anantha M, Backstrom I, Leung A, Chen K, Malhotra A, Edwards K, Bally MB. Nanoscale Reaction Vessels Designed for Synthesis of Copper-Drug Complexes Suitable for Preclinical Development. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153416. [PMID: 27055237 PMCID: PMC4824478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of copper-drug complexes (CDCs) is hindered due to their very poor aqueous solubility. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) is the primary metabolite of disulfiram, an approved drug for alcoholism that is being repurposed for cancer. The anticancer activity of DDC is dependent on complexation with copper to form copper bis-diethyldithiocarbamate (Cu(DDC)2), a highly insoluble complex that has not been possible to develop for indications requiring parenteral administration. We have resolved this issue by synthesizing Cu(DDC)2 inside liposomes. DDC crosses the liposomal lipid bilayer, reacting with the entrapped copper; a reaction that can be observed through a colour change as the solution goes from a light blue to dark brown. This method is successfully applied to other CDCs including the anti-parasitic drug clioquinol, the natural product quercetin and the novel targeted agent CX-5461. Our method provides a simple, transformative solution enabling, for the first time, the development of CDCs as viable candidate anticancer drugs; drugs that would represent a brand new class of therapeutics for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Wehbe
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Malathi Anantha
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Backstrom
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ada Leung
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kent Chen
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Armaan Malhotra
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, University of Uppsala, 3 Husargatan (B7), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcel B. Bally
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
|
75
|
Synthetic fluorescent probes to map metallostasis and intracellular fate of zinc and copper. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
76
|
Pastuch-Gawołek G, Malarz K, Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz A, Musioł M, Serda M, Czaplinska B, Musiol R. Small molecule glycoconjugates with anticancer activity. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 112:130-144. [PMID: 26890119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are combinations of sugar moieties with organic compounds. Due to their biological resemblance, such structures often have properties that are desirable for drugs. In this study we designed and synthesised several glycoconjugates from small molecular quinolines and substituted gluco- and galactopyranosyl amines. Although the parent quinoline compounds were inactive in affordable concentrations, the glycoconjugates that were obtained appeared to be cytotoxic against cancer cells at the micromolar level. When combined with copper ions, their activity increased even further. Their mechanism of action is connected to the formation of reactive oxygen species and the intercalation of DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Pastuch-Gawołek
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malarz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Marta Musioł
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Maciej Serda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Czaplinska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Robert Musiol
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Barresi V, Spampinato G, Musso N, Trovato Salinaro A, Rizzarelli E, Condorelli DF. ATOX1 gene silencing increases susceptibility to anticancer therapy based on copper ionophores or chelating drugs. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 156:145-52. [PMID: 26784148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Copper is a catalytic cofactor required for the normal function of many enzymes involved in fundamental biological processes but highly cytotoxic when in excess. Therefore its homeostasis and distribution is strictly regulated by a network of transporters and intracellular chaperones. ATOX1 (antioxidant protein 1) is a copper chaperone that plays a role in copper homeostasis by binding and transporting cytosolic copper to ATPase proteins in the trans-Golgi network. In the present study the Caco-2 cell line, a colon carcinoma cell line, was used as an in vitro model to evaluate if ATOX1 deficiency could affect sensitivity to experimentally induced copper dyshomeostasis. Silencing of ATOX1 increased toxicity of a short treatment with a high concentration of Cu(2+). Copper ionophores, such as 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline, induced a copper-dependent cell toxicity which was significantly potentiated after ATOX1 silencing. The copper chelator TPEN (N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine) produced a form of cell toxicity that was reversed by the addition of Cu(2+). ATOX1 silencing increased Caco-2 cell sensitivity to TPEN toxicity. Our results suggest the possibility of a therapy with copper-chelating or ionophore drugs in subtypes of tumors showing specific alterations in ATOX1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Giorgia Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Council of Research, UOS Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Filippo Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Ju E, Chen Z, Li W, Dong K, Wang Z, Liu Z, Pu F, Ren J, Qu X. Embedding magnetic nanoparticles into coordination polymers to mimic zinc ion transporters for targeted tumor therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12598-12601. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06467a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated that magnetic nanoparticle-embedded coordination polymers could act as mimics for zinc ion transporters for targeted cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enguo Ju
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Kai Dong
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - ZhenZhen Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Fang Pu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Accardo A, Del Zoppo L, Morelli G, Condorelli DF, Barresi V, Musso N, Spampinato G, Bellia F, Tabbì G, Rizzarelli E. Liposome antibody–ionophore conjugate antiproliferative activity increases by cellular metallostasis alteration. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00461j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine derivative containing liposomes functionalized with the Fab' fragment of Trastuzumab were synthesized.
Collapse
|
80
|
Denoyer D, Masaldan S, La Fontaine S, Cater MA. Targeting copper in cancer therapy: 'Copper That Cancer'. Metallomics 2015; 7:1459-76. [PMID: 26313539 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00149h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient involved in fundamental life processes that are conserved throughout all forms of life. The ability of copper to catalyze oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, which can inadvertently lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necessitates the tight homeostatic regulation of copper within the body. Many cancer types exhibit increased intratumoral copper and/or altered systemic copper distribution. The realization that copper serves as a limiting factor for multiple aspects of tumor progression, including growth, angiogenesis and metastasis, has prompted the development of copper-specific chelators as therapies to inhibit these processes. Another therapeutic approach utilizes specific ionophores that deliver copper to cells to increase intracellular copper levels. The therapeutic window between normal and cancerous cells when intracellular copper is forcibly increased, is the premise for the development of copper-ionophores endowed with anticancer properties. Also under investigation is the use of copper to replace platinum in coordination complexes currently used as mainstream chemotherapies. In comparison to platinum-based drugs, these promising copper coordination complexes may be more potent anticancer agents, with reduced toxicity toward normal cells and they may potentially circumvent the chemoresistance associated with recurrent platinum treatment. In addition, cancerous cells can adapt their copper homeostatic mechanisms to acquire resistance to conventional platinum-based drugs and certain copper coordination complexes can re-sensitize cancer cells to these drugs. This review will outline the biological importance of copper and copper homeostasis in mammalian cells, followed by a discussion of our current understanding of copper dysregulation in cancer, and the recent therapeutic advances using copper coordination complexes as anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Denoyer
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Helsel ME, Franz KJ. Pharmacological activity of metal binding agents that alter copper bioavailability. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:8760-70. [PMID: 25797044 PMCID: PMC4425619 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Iron, copper and zinc are required nutrients for many organisms but also potent toxins if misappropriated. An overload of any of these metals can be cytotoxic and ultimately lead to organ failure, whereas deficiencies can result in anemia, weakened immune system function, and other medical conditions. Cellular metal imbalances have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and infection. It is therefore critical for living organisms to maintain careful control of both the total levels and subcellular distributions of these metals to maintain healthy function. This perspective explores several strategies envisioned to alter the bioavailability of metal ions by using synthetic metal-binding agents targeted for diseases where misappropriated metal ions are suspected of exacerbating cellular damage. Specifically, we discuss chemical properties that influence the pharmacological outcome of a subset of metal-binding agents known as ionophores, and review several examples that have shown multiple pharmacological activities in metal-related diseases, with a specific focus on copper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marian E Helsel
- Duke University, Department of Chemistry, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, 22708, Durham, NC, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Safi R, Nelson ER, Chitneni SK, Franz KJ, George DJ, Zalutsky MR, McDonnell DP. Copper signaling axis as a target for prostate cancer therapeutics. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5819-31. [PMID: 25320179 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previously published reports indicate that serum copper levels are elevated in patients with prostate cancer and that increased copper uptake can be used as a means to image prostate tumors. It is unclear, however, to what extent copper is required for prostate cancer cell function as we observed only modest effects of chelation strategies on the growth of these cells in vitro. With the goal of exploiting prostate cancer cell proclivity for copper uptake, we developed a "conditional lethal" screen to identify compounds whose cytotoxic actions were manifested in a copper-dependent manner. Emerging from this screen was a series of dithiocarbamates, which, when complexed with copper, induced reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis of malignant, but not normal, prostate cells. One of the dithiocarbamates identified, disulfiram (DSF), is an FDA-approved drug that has previously yielded disappointing results in clinical trials in patients with recurrent prostate cancer. Similarly, in our studies, DSF alone had a minimal effect on the growth of prostate cancer tumors when propagated as xenografts. However, when DSF was coadministered with copper, a very dramatic inhibition of tumor growth in models of hormone-sensitive and of castrate-resistant disease was observed. Furthermore, we determined that prostate cancer cells express high levels of CTR1, the primary copper transporter, and additional chaperones that are required to maintain intracellular copper homeostasis. The expression levels of most of these proteins are increased further upon treatment of androgen receptor (AR)-positive prostate cancer cell lines with androgens. Not surprisingly, robust CTR1-dependent uptake of copper into prostate cancer cells was observed, an activity that was accentuated by activation of AR. Given these data linking AR to intracellular copper uptake, we believe that dithiocarbamate/copper complexes are likely to be effective for the treatment of patients with prostate cancer whose disease is resistant to classical androgen ablation therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Safi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erik R Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Daniel J George
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Donald P McDonnell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Heidary DK, Howerton BS, Glazer EC. Coordination of Hydroxyquinolines to a Ruthenium Bis-dimethyl-phenanthroline Scaffold Radically Improves Potency for Potential as Antineoplastic Agents. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8936-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501043s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David K. Heidary
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Brock S. Howerton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Edith C. Glazer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Abstract
Chloroquine is an established antimalarial agent that has been recently tested in clinical trials for its anticancer activity. The favorable effect of chloroquine appears to be due to its ability to sensitize cancerous cells to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and induce apoptosis. The present study investigated the interaction of zinc ions with chloroquine in a human ovarian cancer cell line (A2780). Chloroquine enhanced zinc uptake by A2780 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, as assayed using a fluorescent zinc probe. This enhancement was attenuated by TPEN, a high affinity metal-binding compound, indicating the specificity of the zinc uptake. Furthermore, addition of copper or iron ions had no effect on chloroquine-induced zinc uptake. Fluorescent microscopic examination of intracellular zinc distribution demonstrated that free zinc ions are more concentrated in the lysosomes after addition of chloroquine, which is consistent with previous reports showing that chloroquine inhibits lysosome function. The combination of chloroquine with zinc enhanced chloroquine's cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis in A2780 cells. Thus chloroquine is a zinc ionophore, a property that may contribute to chloroquine's anticancer activity.
Collapse
|
85
|
Prachayasittikul V, Pingaew R, Nantasenamat C, Prachayasittikul S, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V. Investigation of aromatase inhibitory activity of metal complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline and uracil derivatives. Drug Des Devel Ther 2014; 8:1089-96. [PMID: 25152615 PMCID: PMC4140444 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s67300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Estrogens play important roles in the pathogenesis and progression of breast cancer as well as estrogen-related diseases. Aromatase is a key enzyme in the rate-limiting step of estrogen production, in which its inhibition is one strategy for controlling estrogen levels to improve prognosis of estrogen-related cancers and diseases. Herein, a series of metal (Mn, Cu, and Ni) complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) and uracil derivatives (4-9) were investigated for their aromatase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities. METHODS The aromatase inhibition assay was performed according to a Gentest™ kit using CYP19 enzyme, wherein ketoconazole and letrozole were used as reference drugs. The cytotoxicity was tested on normal embryonic lung cells (MRC-5) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS Only Cu complexes (6 and 9) exhibited aromatase inhibitory effect with IC50 0.30 and 1.7 μM, respectively. Cytotoxicity test against MRC-5 cells showed that Mn and Cu complexes (5 and 6), as well as free ligand 8HQ, exhibited activity with IC50 range 0.74-6.27 μM. CONCLUSION Cu complexes (6 and 9) were found to act as a novel class of aromatase inhibitor. Our findings suggest that these 8HQ-Cu-uracil complexes are promising agents that could be potentially developed as a selective anticancer agent for breast cancer and other estrogen-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veda Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ratchanok Pingaew
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand ; Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Opazo CM, Greenough MA, Bush AI. Copper: from neurotransmission to neuroproteostasis. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:143. [PMID: 25071552 PMCID: PMC4080678 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is critical for the Central Nervous System (CNS) development and function. In particular, different studies have shown the effect of copper at brain synapses, where it inhibits Long Term Potentation (LTP) and receptor pharmacology. Paradoxically, according to recent studies copper is required for a normal LTP response. Copper is released at the synaptic cleft, where it blocks glutamate receptors, which explain its blocking effects on excitatory neurotransmission. Our results indicate that copper also enhances neurotransmission through the accumulation of PSD95 protein, which increase the levels of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors located at the plasma membrane of the post-synaptic density. Thus, our findings represent a novel mechanism for the action of copper, which may have implications for the neurophysiology and neuropathology of the CNS. These data indicate that synaptic configuration is sensitive to transient changes in transition metal homeostasis. Our results suggest that copper increases GluA1 subunit levels of the AMPA receptor through the anchorage of AMPA receptors to the plasma membrane as a result of PSD-95 accumulation. Here, we will review the role of copper on neurotransmission of CNS neurons. In addition, we will discuss the potential mechanisms by which copper could modulate neuronal proteostasis (“neuroproteostasis”) in the CNS with focus in the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS), which is particularly relevant to neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) where copper and protein dyshomeostasis may contribute to neurodegeneration. An understanding of these mechanisms may ultimately lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to control metal and synaptic alterations observed in AD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Opazo
- Oxidation Biology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark A Greenough
- Oxidation Biology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Oxidation Biology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
McCranor BJ, Szmacinski H, Zeng HH, Stoddard AK, Hurst T, Fierke CA, Lakowicz JR, Thompson RB. Fluorescence lifetime imaging of physiological free Cu(II) levels in live cells with a Cu(II)-selective carbonic anhydrase-based biosensor. Metallomics 2014; 6:1034-42. [PMID: 24671220 PMCID: PMC4305278 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00305a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a required trace element that plays key roles in a number of human enzymes, such that copper deficiency or genetic defects in copper transport lead to serious or fatal disease. Rae, et al., had famously predicted that free copper ion levels in the cell cytoplasm were extremely low, typically too low to be observable. We recently developed a variant of human apocarbonic anhydrase II for sensing metal ions that exhibits 25-fold better selectivity for Cu(II) over Zn(II) than the wild type protein, enabling us to accurately measure Cu(II) in the presence of ordinary cellular (picomolar) concentrations of free zinc. We inserted a fluorescent labeled Cu(II)-specific variant of human apocarbonic anhydrase into PC-12 cells and found that the levels are indeed extremely low (in the femtomolar range). We imaged the free Cu(II) levels in living cells by means of frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime microscopy. Implications of this finding are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J McCranor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
Costello LC, Franklin RB, Zou J, Naslund MJ. Evidence that Human Prostate Cancer is a ZIP1-Deficient Malignancy that could be Effectively Treated with a Zinc Ionophore (Clioquinol) Approach. Chemotherapy 2014; 4. [PMID: 26273543 DOI: 10.4172/2167-7700.1000152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, no efficacious chemotherapy exists for the treatment of prostate cancer. Malignant prostate zinc levels are markedly decreased in all cases of prostate cancer compared to normal/benign prostate. ZIP1 zinc transporter down regulation decreases zinc to prevent its cytotoxic effects. Thus, prostate cancer is a "ZIP1-deficient" malignancy. A zinc ionophore (e.g. Clioquinol) treatment to increase malignant zinc levels is a plausible treatment of prostate cancer. However, skepticism within the clinical/biomedical research community impedes significant progress leading to such a zinc treatment. This report reviews the clinical and experimental background, and presents new experimental data showing Clioquinol suppression of prostate malignancy; which provides strong support for a zinc ionophore treatment for prostate cancer. Evaluation of often-raised opposing issues is presented. These considerations lead to the conclusion that the compelling evidence dictates that a zinc-treatment approach for prostate cancer should be pursued with additional research leading to clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Costello
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences; Dental School; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center; University of Maryland; Baltimore, USA
| | - Renty B Franklin
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences; Dental School; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center; University of Maryland; Baltimore, USA
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences; Dental School; University of Maryland; Baltimore, USA
| | - Michael J Naslund
- Division of Urology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Wu W, Bromberg PA, Samet JM. Zinc ions as effectors of environmental oxidative lung injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:57-69. [PMID: 23747928 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The redox-inert transition metal Zn is a micronutrient that plays essential roles in protein structure, catalysis, and regulation of function. Inhalational exposure to ZnO or to soluble Zn salts in occupational and environmental settings leads to adverse health effects, the severity of which appears dependent on the flux of Zn(2+) presented to the airway and alveolar cells. The cellular toxicity of exogenous Zn(2+) exposure is characterized by cellular responses that include mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated production of reactive oxygen species, and loss of signaling quiescence leading to cell death and increased expression of adaptive and inflammatory genes. Central to the molecular effects of Zn(2+) are its interactions with cysteinyl thiols, which alters their functionality by modulating their reactivity and participation in redox reactions. Ongoing studies aimed at elucidating the molecular toxicology of Zn(2+) in the lung are contributing valuable information about its role in redox biology and cellular homeostasis in normal and pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health XinXiang Medical University XinXiang, China 453003; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Philip A Bromberg
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - James M Samet
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Prachayasittikul V, Prachayasittikul S, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V. 8-Hydroxyquinolines: a review of their metal chelating properties and medicinal applications. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2013; 7:1157-78. [PMID: 24115839 PMCID: PMC3793592 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s49763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions play an important role in biological processes and in metal homeostasis. Metal imbalance is the leading cause for many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. 8-Hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) is a small planar molecule with a lipophilic effect and a metal chelating ability. As a result, 8HQ and its derivatives hold medicinal properties such as antineurodegenerative, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Herein, diverse bioactivities of 8HQ and newly synthesized 8HQ-based compounds are discussed together with their mechanisms of actions and structure–activity relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veda Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
91
|
Xue J, Wang S, Wu J, Hannafon BN, Ding WQ. Zinc at sub-cytotoxic concentrations induces heme oxygenase-1 expression in human cancer cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2013; 32:100-10. [PMID: 23868099 DOI: 10.1159/000350128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study investigated the effects of zinc on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in human cancer cells. METHODS/RESULTS Zinc at sub-cytotoxic concentrations (50-100 μM) induces HO-1 expression in the MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer) and A2780 (human ovarian cancer) cell lines in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The induction of HO-1 by zinc was detected after 4-6 hours of treatment, reached maximal level at 8 hours, and declined thereafter. Using a human HO-1 gene promoter reporter construct, we identified two antioxidant response elements (AREs) that mediated the zinc-induced increase in HO-1 gene transcription, indicating that the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is involved in this event. This assumption was supported by the observations that knockdown of Nrf2 expression compromised the zinc-induced increase in HO-1 gene transcription, and that zinc increased Nrf2 protein expression and the Nrf2 binding to the AREs. Additionally, we found that the zinc-induced HO-1 gene transcription can be enhanced by clioquinol, a zinc ionophore, and reversed by pretreatment with TPEN, a known zinc chelator, indicating that an increase in intracellular zinc levels is responsible for this induction. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that zinc at sub-cytotoxic concentrations induces HO-1 expression in human cancer cells. The biological significance of this induction merits further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Wang S, Avery JE, Hannafon BN, Lind SE, Ding WQ. Zinc protoporphyrin suppresses cancer cell viability through a heme oxygenase-1-independent mechanism: the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1611-8. [PMID: 23523860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), a known inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), has been reported to have anticancer activity in both in vitro and in vivo model systems. While the mechanisms of ZnPP's anticancer activity remain to be elucidated, it is generally believed that ZnPP suppresses tumor growth through inhibition of HO-1 activity. We examined this hypothesis by altering cellular levels of HO-1 in human ovarian (A2780) and prostate cancer (DU145) cells and found that ZnPP inhibits cancer cell viability through an HO-1-independent mechanism. Neither over-expression nor knockdown of HO-1 significantly alters ZnPP's cytotoxicity in human cancer cells, indicating that HO-1 does not mediate ZnPP's inhibitory effect on cancer cell growth. Consistent with these observations, tin protoporphyrin (SnPP), a well-established HO-1 inhibitor, was found to be much less cytotoxic than ZnPP, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an HO-1 inducer, enhanced ZnPP's cytotoxicity. In an effort to define the mechanisms of ZnPP-induced cytotoxicity, we found that ZnPP but not SnPP, diminished β-catenin expression through proteasome degradation and potently suppressed β-catenin-mediated signaling in our model systems. Thus, ZnPP-induced cytotoxicity is independent of HO-1 expression in cancer cells and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is potentially involved in ZnPP's anticancer activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Kolenko V, Teper E, Kutikov A, Uzzo R. Zinc and zinc transporters in prostate carcinogenesis. Nat Rev Urol 2013; 10:219-26. [PMID: 23478540 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2013.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The healthy human prostate accumulates the highest level of zinc of any soft tissue in the body. This unique property is retained in BPH, but is lost in prostatic malignancy, which implicates changes in zinc and its transporters in carcinogenesis. Indeed, zinc concentrations diminish early in the course of prostate carcinogenesis, preceding histopathological changes, and continue to decline during progression toward castration-resistant disease. Numerous studies suggest that increased zinc intake might protect against progression of prostatic malignancy. In spite of increased dietary intake, zinc accumulation might be limited by the diminished expression of zinc uptake transporters, resulting in decreased intratumoural zinc levels. This finding can explain the conflicting results of various epidemiological studies evaluating the role of zinc supplementation on primary and secondary prostate cancer prevention. Overall, more research into the mechanisms of zinc homeostasis are needed to fully understand its impact on prostate carcinogenesis. Only then can the potential of zinc and zinc transport proteins be harnessed in the diagnosis and treatment of men with prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kolenko
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Alfonso I, Quesada R. Biological activity of synthetic ionophores: ion transporters as prospective drugs? Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc50882j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
|
95
|
Tardito S, Barilli A, Bassanetti I, Tegoni M, Bussolati O, Franchi-Gazzola R, Mucchino C, Marchiò L. Copper-dependent cytotoxicity of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives correlates with their hydrophobicity and does not require caspase activation. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10448-59. [PMID: 23170953 DOI: 10.1021/jm301053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the structure-activity relationship of a series of 8-hydroxoquinoline derivatives (8-HQs) and focuses on the cytotoxic activity of 5-Cl-7-I-8-HQ (clioquinol, CQ) copper complex (Cu(CQ)). 8-HQs alone cause a dose-dependent loss of viability of the human tumor HeLa and PC3 cells, but the coadministration of copper increases the ligands effects, with extensive cell death occurring in both cell lines. Cytotoxic doses of Cu(CQ) promote intracellular copper accumulation and massive endoplasmic reticulum vacuolization that precede a nonapoptotic (paraptotic) cell death. The cytotoxic effect of Cu(CQ) is reproduced in normal human endothelial cells (HUVEC) at concentrations double those effective in tumor cells, pointing to a potential therapeutic window for Cu(CQ). Finally, the results show that the paraptotic cell death induced by Cu(CQ) does not require nor involve caspases, giving an indication for the current clinical assessment of clioquinol as an antineoplastic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Tardito
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Kimura T, Yoshida K, Yamamoto C, Suzuki M, Uno T, Isobe M, Naka H, Yasuike S, Satoh M, Kaji T, Uchiyama M. Bis(L-cysteinato)zincate(lI) as a coordination compound that induces metallothionein gene transcription without inducing cell-stress-related gene transcription. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 117:140-6. [PMID: 23085594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential micronutrient, deficiency of which results in growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and neurological diseases such as dysgeusia. Several zinc coordination compounds are used for zinc supplementation; however, supplemented zinc ions have no specificity and interact with various groups of molecules. Here, we found that, from a library of 30 zinc coordination compounds, bis(L-cysteinato)zincate(II), designated Z01, functioned as a metallothionein (MT) inducer. Z01 induced MT expression mediated by the transcription factor MTF-1, without inducing cell-stress-related heme oxygenase-1 gene expression at specific concentration. The zinc ion was necessary for the MT induction. (65)Zn incorporation following treatment with (65)Zn-labeled Z01 suggested that Z01 did not act as zinc ionophore despite its hydrophilicity. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that Z01 facilitates MTF-1-MRE complex formation, and, by inference, transfer of zinc from Z01 to MTF-1. Phosphorylated ERK levels were increased by ZnSO(4) treatment but not by Z01. Although our data do not definitely prove that Z01 is an MTF-1-specific activator, our observations suggest that zinc coordination compounds can regulate zinc distribution and act as zinc donors for specific molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Kimura
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1, Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
97
|
Lanfranchi DA, Cesar-Rodo E, Bertrand B, Huang HH, Day L, Johann L, Elhabiri M, Becker K, Williams DL, Davioud-Charvet E. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,4-naphthoquinones and quinoline-5,8-diones as antimalarial and schistosomicidal agents. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6375-87. [PMID: 22777178 PMCID: PMC3423093 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25812a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Improving the solubility of polysubstituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives was achieved by introducing nitrogen in two different positions of the naphthoquinone core, at C-5 and at C-8 of menadione through a two-step, straightforward synthesis based on the regioselective hetero-Diels-Alder reaction. The antimalarial and the antischistosomal activities of these polysubstituted aza-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives were evaluated and led to the selection of distinct compounds for antimalarial versus antischistosomal action. The Ag(II)-assisted oxidative radical decarboxylation of the phenyl acetic acids using AgNO(3) and ammonium peroxodisulfate was modified to generate the 3-picolinyl-menadione with improved pharmacokinetic parameters, high antimalarial effects and capacity to inhibit the formation of β-hematin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Don Antoine Lanfranchi
- European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM) University of Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7509, 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France. Fax: +33 (0)3 68 85 27 42; Tel: +33 3 68 85 26 20
| | - Elena Cesar-Rodo
- European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM) University of Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7509, 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France. Fax: +33 (0)3 68 85 27 42; Tel: +33 3 68 85 26 20
| | - Benoît Bertrand
- European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM) University of Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7509, 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France. Fax: +33 (0)3 68 85 27 42; Tel: +33 3 68 85 26 20
| | - Hsin-Hung Huang
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Latasha Day
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Laure Johann
- European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM) University of Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7509, 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France. Fax: +33 (0)3 68 85 27 42; Tel: +33 3 68 85 26 20
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM) University of Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7509, 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France. Fax: +33 (0)3 68 85 27 42; Tel: +33 3 68 85 26 20
| | - Katja Becker
- Interdisciplinary Research Center, Nutritional Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - David L. Williams
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Elisabeth Davioud-Charvet
- European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM) University of Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7509, 25 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France. Fax: +33 (0)3 68 85 27 42; Tel: +33 3 68 85 26 20
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Xie X, Jiang X, Liu J, Ren X, Wang H, Liu X. A novel ditopic ligand derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline: Synthesis, characterisation, and its coordination chemistry with selected metal ions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
99
|
Zheng J, Zhang XX, Yu H, Taggart JE, Ding WQ. Zinc at cytotoxic concentrations affects posttranscriptional events of gene expression in cancer cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 29:181-8. [PMID: 22415087 DOI: 10.1159/000337599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc at cytotoxic concentrations has been shown to regulate gene transcription in cancer cells, though zinc's involvement in posttranscriptional regulation is less characterized. In this study, we investigated the involvement of cytotoxic zinc in the posttranscriptional steps of gene expression. Clioquinol, a well-established zinc ionophore, was used to raise intracellular zinc to reported cytotoxic levels. The MCF-7 human cancer cell line was applied as a cell model system. Several parameters were used as indictors of posttranscriptional regulation, including p-body formation, microRNA profiling, expression level of proteins known to regulate mRNA degradation, microRNA processing, and protein translation. p-body formation was observed in MCF-7 cells using several molecules known as p-body components. Clioquinol plus zinc enhanced p-body assembly in MCF-7 cells. This enhancement was zinc-specific and could be blocked by a high affinity zinc chelator. The enhancement does not seem to be due to a stress response, as paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic, did not cause enhanced p-body formation at a highly cytotoxic concentration. microRNA profiling indicated that clioquinol plus zinc globally down-regulates microRNA expression in this model system, which is associated with the reduced expression of Dicer, an enzyme key to microRNA maturation, and Ago2, a protein essential for microRNA stability. This study demonstrates that ionophoric zinc can induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells by globally regulating posttranscriptional events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Abstract
The importance of transition metals in biological processes has been well established. Copper (Cu) is a transition metal that can exist in oxidised and reduced states. This allows it to participate in redox and catalytic chemistry, making it a suitable cofactor for a diverse range of enzymes and molecules. Cu deficiency or toxicity is implicated in a variety of pathological conditions; therefore inorganic complexes of Cu have been investigated for their therapeutic and diagnostic potential. These Cu complexes have been shown to be effective in cancer treatment due to their cytotoxic action on tumour cells. Alternatively, Cu complexes can also modulate Cu homeostasis in the brain, resulting in protective effects in several models of neurodegeneration. In other diseases such as coronary heart disease and skin disease, the success of Cu complexes as potential therapeutics will most likely be due to their ability to increase SOD activity, leading to relief of oxidative stress. This review seeks to provide a broad insight into some of the diverse actions of Cu complexes and demonstrate the strong future for these compounds as potential therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Duncan
- Centre for Neuroscience & Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|