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Graphene oxide: A growth factor delivery carrier to enhance chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in 3D hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:271-280. [PMID: 31325577 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage engineering with stem cells in 3D scaffolds is a promising future therapy to treat cartilage defects. One challenge in the field is to design carriers to efficaciously deliver biological factors in 3D scaffolds containing stem cells to appropriately guide differentiation of these cells in same scaffolds and promote specific tissue synthesis. Graphene-based 2D nanomaterials have recently attracted extensive interest for their biomedical applications as they can adsorb a plethora of biological molecules, thus offering high potential as delivery carriers. This study utilized graphene oxide (GO) flakes to adsorb transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3), which were then incorporated into a collagen hydrogel. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were encapsulated in the same gel and chondrogenic differentiation assessed. The study showed GO flakes adsorbed > 99% TGF-β3 with <1.7% release. Adsorbed TGF-β3 retained a similar conformation to its dissolved counterpart (free protein) but importantly demonstrated greater conformational stability. Smad2 phosphorylation was promoted, and higher chondrogenic gene expression and cartilage-specific extracellular matrix deposition were achieved compared to exogenously delivering TGF-β3 in culture media. Effects were sustained in long-term 28-day culture. The results demonstrate GO flakes as highly-efficient for delivering GFs in 3D to guide cells in the same scaffold and induce tissue formation. The ability of GO flakes to provide sustained local delivery makes this material attractive for tissue engineering strategies, in particular for regionally-specific MSC differentiation (e.g. osteochondral tissue engineering). STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cartilage engineering involving stem cells in 3D scaffolds is a promising future therapy to treat cartilage defects which can lead to debilitating conditions such as osteoarthritis. However, this field faces the challenge to design delivery carriers to efficaciously deliver biological factors inside these 3D cell-containing scaffolds for appropriately-guided cell differentiation. Graphene-based 2D nanomaterials offer high potential as delivery carriers, but to date studies using them to deliver biological factors have been restricted to 2D substrates, non-scaffold cell masses, or acellular 3D scaffolds. Our study for the first time demonstrated simultaneously incorporating both human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and GO (graphene oxide)-adsorbed growth factor TGFβ3 into a 3D scaffold, where GO-adsorbed TGFβ3 enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs and cartilage-tissue synthesis throughout the scaffold without needing to repeatedly supply TGFβ3 exogenously.
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Park S, Kim T, Gwon Y, Kim S, Kim D, Park HH, Lim KT, Jeong HE, Kim K, Kim J. Graphene-Layered Eggshell Membrane as a Flexible and Functional Scaffold for Enhanced Proliferation and Differentiation of Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4242-4248. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunho Park
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Teayeop Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Gwon
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Daun Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ha Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Eui Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Ignat SR, Lazăr AD, Şelaru A, Samoilă I, Vlăsceanu GM, Ioniţă M, Radu E, Dinescu S, Costache M. Versatile Biomaterial Platform Enriched with Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes for Multiple Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163868. [PMID: 31398874 PMCID: PMC6720708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are currently used in various medical applications due to their positive influence on biocompatibility, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, as well as their contribution to modulating cell behavior in response to nanomaterial substrates. In this context, in this study, novel flexible membranes based on cellulose acetate (CA) enriched with CNT and GO in different percentages were tested for their versatility to be used as substrates for soft or hard tissue engineering (TE), namely, for their ability to support human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) adhesion during adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation. For this purpose, differentiation markers were assessed both at gene and protein levels, while histological staining was performed to show the evolution of the processes in response to CA-CNT-GO substrates. Micro-CT analysis indicated porous morphologies with open and interconnected voids. A slightly lower total porosity was obtained for the samples filled with the highest amount of GO and CNTs, but thicker walls, larger and more uniform pores were obtained, providing beneficial effects on cell behavior and increased mechanical stability. The addition of 1 wt% GO and CNT to the biocomposites enhanced hASCs adhesion and cytoskeleton formation. The evolution of both adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation processes was found to be augmented proportionally to the GO-CNT concentration. In conclusion, CA-CNT-GO biomaterials displayed good properties and versatility as platforms for cell differentiation with potential as future implantable materials in TE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona-Rebeca Ignat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Daniela Lazăr
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aida Şelaru
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Samoilă
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Mihail Vlăsceanu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Ioniţă
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Radu
- Molecular Biology and Pathology Research Lab "MolImagex", University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
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Geetha Bai R, Muthoosamy K, Manickam S, Hilal-Alnaqbi A. Graphene-based 3D scaffolds in tissue engineering: fabrication, applications, and future scope in liver tissue engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5753-5783. [PMID: 31413573 PMCID: PMC6662516 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s192779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering embraces the potential of recreating and replacing defective body parts by advancements in the medical field. Being a biocompatible nanomaterial with outstanding physical, chemical, optical, and biological properties, graphene-based materials were successfully employed in creating the perfect scaffold for a range of organs, starting from the skin through to the brain. Investigations on 2D and 3D tissue culture scaffolds incorporated with graphene or its derivatives have revealed the capability of this carbon material in mimicking in vivo environment. The porous morphology, great surface area, selective permeability of gases, excellent mechanical strength, good thermal and electrical conductivity, good optical properties, and biodegradability enable graphene materials to be the best component for scaffold engineering. Along with the apt microenvironment, this material was found to be efficient in differentiating stem cells into specific cell types. Furthermore, the scope of graphene nanomaterials in liver tissue engineering as a promising biomaterial is also discussed. This review critically looks into the unlimited potential of graphene-based nanomaterials in future tissue engineering and regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Geetha Bai
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Ali Hilal-Alnaqbi
- Electromechanical Technology, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Liu X, Miller AL, Park S, George MN, Waletzki BE, Xu H, Terzic A, Lu L. Two-Dimensional Black Phosphorus and Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Synergistically Enhance Cell Proliferation and Osteogenesis on 3D Printed Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:23558-23572. [PMID: 31199116 PMCID: PMC8942345 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a new promising research topic for tissue engineering because of their ability to alter the surface properties of tissue scaffolds and thus improve their biocompatibility and cell affinity. Multiple 2D materials, such as graphene and graphene oxide (GO), have been widely reported to enhance cell adhesion and proliferation. Recently, a newly emerged black phosphorus (BP) 2D material has attracted attention in biomedical applications because of its unique mechanical and electrochemical characteristics. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of these two types of 2D materials on cell osteogenesis for bone tissue engineering. BP was first wrapped in negatively charged GO nanosheets, which were then adsorbed together onto positively charged poly(propylene fumarate) three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. The increased surface area provided by GO nanosheets would enhance cell attachment at the initial stage. In addition, slow oxidation of BP nanosheets wrapped within GO layers would generate a continuous release of phosphate, an important osteoblast differentiation facilitator designed to stimulate cell osteogenesis toward the new bone formation. Through the use of 3D confocal imaging, unique interactions between cells and BP nanosheets were observed, including a stretched cell shape and the development of filaments around the BP nanosheets, along with increased cell proliferation when compared with scaffolds incorporating only one of the 2D materials. Furthermore, the biomineralization of 3D scaffolds, as well as cellular osteogenic markers, was all measured and improved on scaffolds with both BP and GO nanosheets. All these results indicate that the incorporation of 2D BP and GO materials could effectively and synergistically stimulate cell proliferation and osteogenesis on 3D tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - A. Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sungjo Park
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Matthew N. George
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Brian E. Waletzki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Haocheng Xu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Andre Terzic
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Corresponding Author: . Tel.: 507-284-2267. Fax: 507-284-5075
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56
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Xia MY, Xie Y, Yu CH, Chen GY, Li YH, Zhang T, Peng Q. Graphene-based nanomaterials: the promising active agents for antibiotics-independent antibacterial applications. J Control Release 2019; 307:16-31. [PMID: 31185232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have shown great potentials in drug delivery and photodynamic/photothermal therapy due to their featured structure and physicochemical properties. In recent years, their antibacterial potentials have also been exploited. The commonly recognized antibacterial mechanisms include sharp edge-mediated cutting effect, oxidative stress and cell entrapment. This antibacterial activity is very important for human health. As we know, infection with the pathogenic bacteria, especially the drug-resistant ones, is a great threat to human lives. Thus, the development of the antibiotics-independent and drug-free antibacterial agents is of great importance and significance. Graphene-based nanomaterials are a kind of such antibacterial agents. An insight into their properties and antibacterial mechanisms is necessary before they are developed into real products. Herein, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the antibacterial application of graphene-based nanomaterials via summarizing their antibacterial activities against some typical microbial species and discussing their unique mechanisms. In addition, the side-effects and problems in using these nanomaterials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ying Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen-Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ge-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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57
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Patel DK, Seo YR, Lim KT. Stimuli-Responsive Graphene Nanohybrids for Biomedical Applications. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9831853. [PMID: 31065286 PMCID: PMC6466862 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9831853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials, also known as smart materials, can change their structure and, consequently, original behavior in response to external or internal stimuli. This is due to the change in the interactions between the various functional groups. Graphene, which is a single layer of carbon atoms with a hexagonal morphology and has excellent physiochemical properties with a high surface area, is frequently used in materials science for various applications. Numerous surface functionalizations are possible for the graphene structure with different functional groups, which can be used to alter the properties of native materials. Graphene-based hybrids exhibit significant improvements in their native properties. Since functionalized graphene contains several reactive groups, the behavior of such hybrid materials can be easily tuned by changing the external conditions, which is very useful in biomedical applications. Enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation of stem cells was reported on the surfaces of graphene-based hybrids with negligible cytotoxicity. In addition, pH or light-induced drug delivery with a controlled release rate was observed for such nanohybrids. Besides, notable improvements in antimicrobial activity were observed for nanohybrids, which demonstrated their potential for biomedical applications. This review describes the physiochemical properties of graphene and graphene-based hybrid materials for stimuli-responsive drug delivery, tissue engineering, and antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K. Patel
- The Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Seo
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- The Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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58
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Patterning Perfluorinated Surface with Graphene Oxide and the Microarray Applications. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10030173. [PMID: 30832281 PMCID: PMC6470711 DOI: 10.3390/mi10030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A method was developed to pattern the surface of perfluorinated materials with graphene oxide thin film, and various biological applications of the patterned perfluorinated surface were illustrated. Perfluorinated surfaces such as Teflon, Cytop, and other perfluorinated materials are known to be both hydrophobic and oleophobic, with low adhesion for most materials. Modifying the perfluorinated surfaces has been difficult due to the extraordinary chemical inertness, which limits the applications of perfluorinated materials as anti-fouling substrates. Herein we successfully patterned Cytop surfaces with graphene oxide. Patterns of the graphene oxide thin film with feature dimension down to 40 microns were formed and remained stable on the Cytop surface against washing with water, ethanol and acetone. The graphene oxide thin film on the Cytop surface allowed non-specific protein adsorption. To illustrate the applications of the patterned Cytop surface, we used the patterned Cytop surface as the substrate to study the protein-protein interactions, stem cell culture, and stem cell proliferation.
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59
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Ghorbani F, Zamanian A, Aidun A. Bioinspired polydopamine coating‐assisted electrospun polyurethane‐graphene oxide nanofibers for bone tissue engineering application. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Ghorbani
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
- Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced MaterialsMaterials and Energy Research Center Tehran Iran
- Department of BiomaterialsAprin Advanced Technologies Development Company Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Zamanian
- Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced MaterialsMaterials and Energy Research Center Tehran Iran
- Department of BiomaterialsAprin Advanced Technologies Development Company Tehran Iran
| | - Amir Aidun
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran
- Tissues and Biomaterial Research Group (TBRG)Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
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60
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Chen XY, Low HR, Loi XY, Merel L, Mohd Cairul Iqbal MA. Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2140-2151. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yi Chen
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Hao Ran Low
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Xin Yi Loi
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Laura Merel
- Faculte de PharmacieUniversité Clermont Auvergne (UCA), 49 Boulevard François Mitterrand, 63001 Clermont‐Ferrand France
| | - Mohd Amin Mohd Cairul Iqbal
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Tadyszak K, Wychowaniec JK, Litowczenko J. Biomedical Applications of Graphene-Based Structures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E944. [PMID: 30453490 PMCID: PMC6267346 DOI: 10.3390/nano8110944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Graphene and graphene oxide (GO) structures and their reduced forms, e.g., GO paper and partially or fully reduced three-dimensional (3D) aerogels, are at the forefront of materials design for extensive biomedical applications that allow for the proliferation and differentiation/maturation of cells, drug delivery, and anticancer therapies. Various viability tests that have been conducted in vitro on human cells and in vivo on mice reveal very promising results, which make graphene-based materials suitable for real-life applications. In this review, we will give an overview of the latest studies that utilize graphene-based structures and their composites in biological applications and show how the biomimetic behavior of these materials can be a step forward in bridging the gap between nature and synthetically designed graphene-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Tadyszak
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jacek K Wychowaniec
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Jagoda Litowczenko
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
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Liao C, Li Y, Tjong SC. Graphene Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3564. [PMID: 30424535 PMCID: PMC6274822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide have been widely considered as promising candidates for industrial and biomedical applications due to their exceptionally high mechanical stiffness and strength, excellent electrical conductivity, high optical transparency, and good biocompatibility. In this article, we reviewed several techniques that are available for the synthesis of graphene-based nanomaterials, and discussed the biocompatibility and toxicity of such nanomaterials upon exposure to mammalian cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Various synthesis strategies have been developed for their fabrication, generating graphene nanomaterials with different chemical and physical properties. As such, their interactions with cells and organs are altered accordingly. Conflicting results relating biocompatibility and cytotoxicity induced by graphene nanomaterials have been reported in the literature. In particular, graphene nanomaterials that are used for in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal models may contain toxic chemical residuals, thereby interfering graphene-cell interactions and complicating interpretation of experimental results. Synthesized techniques, such as liquid phase exfoliation and wet chemical oxidation, often required toxic organic solvents, surfactants, strong acids, and oxidants for exfoliating graphite flakes. Those organic molecules and inorganic impurities that are retained in final graphene products can interact with biological cells and tissues, inducing toxicity or causing cell death eventually. The residual contaminants can cause a higher risk of graphene-induced toxicity in biological cells. This adverse effect may be partly responsible for the discrepancies between various studies in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhu Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yuchao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Sie Chin Tjong
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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63
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Norahan MH, Amroon M, Ghahremanzadeh R, Mahmoodi M, Baheiraei N. Electroactive graphene oxide-incorporated collagen assisting vascularization for cardiac tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 107:204-219. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hadi Norahan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch; Islamic Azad University; Yazd Iran
| | - Masoud Amroon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch; Islamic Azad University; Yazd Iran
| | - Ramin Ghahremanzadeh
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Mahmoodi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch; Islamic Azad University; Yazd Iran
| | - Nafiseh Baheiraei
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Division; Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
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64
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Zhorzholiani ST, Talygin EA, Krasheninnikov SV, Tsigankov YM, Agafonov AV, Gorodkov AY, Kiknadze GI, Chvalun SN, Bokeria LA. Elasticity Change along the Aorta is a Mechanism for Supporting the Physiological Self-organization of Tornado-like Blood Flow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0362119718050171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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65
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Cheng X, Wan Q, Pei X. Graphene Family Materials in Bone Tissue Regeneration: Perspectives and Challenges. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:289. [PMID: 30229504 PMCID: PMC6143492 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2694-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We have witnessed abundant breakthroughs in research on the bio-applications of graphene family materials in current years. Owing to their nanoscale size, large specific surface area, photoluminescence properties, and antibacterial activity, graphene family materials possess huge potential for bone tissue engineering, drug/gene delivery, and biological sensing/imaging applications. In this review, we retrospect recent progress and achievements in graphene research, as well as critically analyze and discuss the bio-safety and feasibility of various biomedical applications of graphene family materials for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Peoples Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Peoples Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Qianbing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Peoples Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Peoples Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xibo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Peoples Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Peoples Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
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66
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Halim A, Luo Q, Ju Y, Song G. A Mini Review Focused on the Recent Applications of Graphene Oxide in Stem Cell Growth and Differentiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E736. [PMID: 30231556 PMCID: PMC6163376 DOI: 10.3390/nano8090736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can give rise to any types of cells in our body. Hence, they have been utilized for various applications, such as drug testing and disease modeling. However, for the successful of those applications, the survival and differentiation of stem cells into specialized lineages should be well controlled. Growth factors and chemical agents are the most common signals to promote the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. However, those approaches holds several drawbacks such as the negative side effects, degradation or denaturation, and expensive. To address such limitations, nanomaterials have been recently used as a better approach for controlling stem cells behaviors. Graphene oxide is the derivative of graphene, the first two-dimensional (2D) materials in the world. Recently, due to its extraordinary properties and great biological effects on stem cells, many scientists around the world have utilized graphene oxide to enhance the differentiation potential of stem cells. In this mini review, we highlight the key advances about the effects of graphene oxide on controlling stem cell growth and various types of stem cell differentiation. We also discuss the possible molecular mechanisms of graphene oxide in controlling stem cell growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Halim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Yang Ju
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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Development of a Graphene Oxide-Incorporated Polydimethylsiloxane Membrane with Hexagonal Micropillars. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092517. [PMID: 30149618 PMCID: PMC6164554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several efforts have been made on the development of bioscaffolds including the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer for supporting cell growth into stable sheets. However, PDMS has several disadvantages, such as intrinsic surface hydrophobicity and mechanical strength. Herein, we generated a novel PDMS-based biomimetic membrane by sequential modifications of the PMDS elastomer with graphene oxide (GO) and addition of a hexagonal micropillar structure at the bottom of the biomembrane. GO was initially homogenously mixed with pure PDMS and then was further coated onto the upper surface of the resultant PDMS. The elastic modulus and hydrophilicity were significantly improved by such modifications. In addition, the development of hexagonal micropillars with smaller diameters largely improved the ion permeability and increased the motion resistance. We further cultured retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells on the surface of this modified PDMS biomembrane and assayed its biocompatibility. Remarkably, the GO incorporation and coating exhibited beneficial effect on the cell growth and the new formation of tight junctions in RPE cells. Taken together, this GO-modified PDMS scaffold with polyhexagonal micropillars may be utilized as an ideal cell sheet and adaptor for cell cultivation and can be used in vivo for the transplantation of cells such as RPE cells.
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68
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Prasadh S, Suresh S, Wong R. Osteogenic Potential of Graphene in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1430. [PMID: 30110908 PMCID: PMC6120034 DOI: 10.3390/ma11081430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds are physical substrates for cell attachments, proliferation, and differentiation, ultimately leading to tissue regeneration. Current literature validates tissue engineering as an emerging tool for bone regeneration. Three-dimensionally printed natural and synthetic biomaterials have been traditionally used for tissue engineering. In recent times, graphene and its derivatives are potentially employed for constructing bone tissue engineering scaffolds because of their osteogenic and regenerative properties. Graphene is a synthetic atomic layer of graphite with SP2 bonded carbon atoms that are arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure. Graphene can be combined with natural and synthetic biomaterials to enhance the osteogenic potential and mechanical strength of tissue engineering scaffolds. The objective of this review is to focus on the most recent studies that attempted to explore the salient features of graphene and its derivatives. Perhaps, a thorough understanding of the material science can potentiate researchers to use this novel substitute to enhance the osteogenic and biological properties of scaffold materials that are routinely used for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somasundaram Prasadh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 1 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119083, Singapore.
| | - Santhosh Suresh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 1 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119083, Singapore.
| | - Raymond Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 1 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119083, Singapore.
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69
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Neurogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Graphene-Polycaprolactone Hybrid Nanofibers. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8070554. [PMID: 30037100 PMCID: PMC6071115 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells derived from dental tissues—dental stem cells—are favored due to their easy acquisition. Among them, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) extracted from the dental pulp have many advantages, such as high proliferation and a highly purified population. Although their ability for neurogenic differentiation has been highlighted and neurogenic differentiation using electrospun nanofibers (NFs) has been performed, graphene-incorporated NFs have never been applied for DPSC neurogenic differentiation. Here, reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-polycaprolactone (PCL) hybrid electrospun NFs were developed and applied for enhanced neurogenesis of DPSCs. First, RGO-PCL NFs were fabricated by electrospinning with incorporation of RGO and alignments, and their chemical and morphological characteristics were evaluated. Furthermore, in vitro NF properties, such as influence on the cellular alignments and cell viability of DPSCs, were also analyzed. The influences of NFs on DPSCs neurogenesis were also analyzed. The results confirmed that an appropriate concentration of RGO promoted better DPSC neurogenesis. Furthermore, the use of random NFs facilitated contiguous junctions of differentiated cells, whereas the use of aligned NFs facilitated an aligned junction of differentiated cells along the direction of NF alignments. Our findings showed that RGO-PCL NFs can be a useful tool for DPSC neurogenesis, which will help regeneration in neurodegenerative and neurodefective diseases.
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70
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Ghosal K, Sarkar K. Biomedical Applications of Graphene Nanomaterials and Beyond. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2653-2703. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishanu Ghosal
- Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science & Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Kishor Sarkar
- Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science & Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
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71
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Gu M, Lv L, Du F, Niu T, Chen T, Xia D, Wang S, Zhao X, Liu J, Liu Y, Xiong C, Zhou Y. Effects of thermal treatment on the adhesion strength and osteoinductive activity of single-layer graphene sheets on titanium substrates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8141. [PMID: 29802306 PMCID: PMC5970187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26551-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, dental implants have become the preferred approach for the restoration of missing teeth. At present, most dental implants are made of pure titanium, and are affected by peri-implantitis and bone resorption, which usually start from the implant neck, due to the complex environment in this region. To address these issues, in this study we modified the surface of titanium (Ti) implants to exploit the antibacterial and osteoinductive effects of single-layer graphene sheets. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown single-layer graphene sheets were transferred to titanium discs, and a method for improving the adhesion strength of graphene on Ti was developed due to compromised adhesion strength between graphene and titanium surface. A thermal treatment of 2 h at 160 °C was found to enhance the adhesion strength of graphene on Ti to facilitate clinical transformation. Graphene coatings of Ti enhanced cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation, and imparted antibacterial activity to Ti substrate; these favorable effects were not affected by the thermal treatment. In summary, the present study elucidated the effects of a thermal treatment on the adhesion strength and osteoinductive activity of single-layer graphene sheets on titanium substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Longwei Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Tianxiao Niu
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Dandan Xia
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Jianzhang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Chunyang Xiong
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
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72
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Zhou J, Yang X, Liu W, Wang C, Shen Y, Zhang F, Zhu H, Sun H, Chen J, Lam J, Mikos AG, Wang C. Injectable OPF/graphene oxide hydrogels provide mechanical support and enhance cell electrical signaling after implantation into myocardial infarct. Theranostics 2018; 8:3317-3330. [PMID: 29930732 PMCID: PMC6010993 DOI: 10.7150/thno.25504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
After myocardial infarction (MI), the scar tissue contributes to ventricular dysfunction by electrically uncoupling viable cardiomyocytes in the infarct region. Injection of a conductive hydrogel could not only provide mechanical support to the infarcted region, but also synchronize contraction and restore ventricular function by electrically connecting isolated cardiomyocytes to intact tissue. Methods: We created a conductive hydrogel by introducing graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles into oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) hydrogels. The hydrogels were characterized by AFM and electrochemistry workstation. A rat model of myocardial infarction was used to investigate the ability of OPF/GO to improve cardiac electrical propagation in the injured heart in vivo. Echocardiography (ECHO) was used to evaluate heart function 4 weeks after MI. Ca2+ imaging was used to visualize beating cardiomyocytes (CMs). Immunofluorescence staining was used to visualize the expression of cardiac-specific markers. Results: OPF/GO hydrogels had semiconductive properties that were lacking in pure OPF. In addition, the incorporation of GO into OPF hydrogels could improve cell attachment in vitro. Injection of OPF/GO 4 weeks after myocardial infarction in rats enhanced the Ca2+ signal conduction of cardiomyocytes in the infarcted region in comparison with PBS or OPF alone. Moreover, the injection of OPF/GO hydrogel into the infarct region enhanced the generation of cytoskeletal structure and intercalated disc assembly. Echocardiography analysis showed improvement in load-dependent ejection fraction/fractional shortening of heart function 4 weeks after injection. Conclusions: We prepared a conductive hydrogel (OPF/GO) that provide mechanical support and biological conduction in vitro and in vivo. We found that injected OPF/GO hydrogels can provide mechanical support and electric connection between healthy myocardium and the cardiomyocytes in the scar via activating the canonical Wnt signal pathway, thus upregulating the generation of Cx43 and gap junction associated proteins. Injection of OPF/GO hydrogel maintained better heart function after myocardial infarction than the injection of a nonconductive polymer.
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73
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Mohammadrezaei D, Golzar H, Rezai Rad M, Omidi M, Rashedi H, Yazdian F, Khojasteh A, Tayebi L. In vitroeffect of graphene structures as an osteoinductive factor in bone tissue engineering: A systematic review. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2284-2343. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Mohammadrezaei
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Golzar
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Rezai Rad
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Meisam Omidi
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, GC, Velenjak; Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Rashedi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdian
- Department of Life Science Engineering; Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, School of Medicine; Stanford University; Palo Alto California
- Marquette University School of Dentistry; Milwaukee Wisconsin
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74
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Feng ZQ, Yan K, Shi C, Xu X, Wang T, Li R, Dong W, Zheng J. Neurogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells on graphene-based mat. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 90:685-692. [PMID: 29853140 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been proved as an abundant and accessible cell source with the ability to differentiate into neuron-like cells. However, the low differentiation efficiency puts forward an important challenge to practical applications in clinic. Considering of the good biocompatibility of graphene-based materials and the potential interaction between graphene and cells mentioned in previous studies, herein, we investigated the effect of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) mats on neurogenic differentiation of the ADSCs. We demonstrated the excellent capabilities of graphene-based mats, especially GO to support the neural differentiation of ADSCs. By comparing the observation under an optical microscope and fluorescence microscope, the conversion rate of neuron-like cells reached about 90%. We consider that GO mat is better for promoting the differentiation of ADSCs into neuron-like cells, which compared to rGO based platforms. Meanwhile, we made an analysis of the mechanism by which graphene induced the differentiation of ADSCs to neuron-like cells. The data obtained here highlight the effect of GO mat on neurogenic differentiation of ADSCs and implicate the potential of graphene-based materials in application of neural tissue engineering for the limited self-repair capability of nerve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Qi Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei, Nanjing 210094, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Ke Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Chuanmei Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xuran Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ruitao Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiang Su University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Wei Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
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75
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Xing L, Ge Q, Jiang D, Gao X, Liu R, Cao S, Zhuang X, Zhou G, Zhang W. Caco-2 cell-based electrochemical biosensor for evaluating the antioxidant capacity of Asp-Leu-Glu-Glu isolated from dry-cured Xuanwei ham. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 105:81-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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76
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Verre AF, Faroni A, Iliut M, Silva C, Muryn C, Reid AJ, Vijayaraghavan A. Improving the glial differentiation of human Schwann-like adipose-derived stem cells with graphene oxide substrates. Interface Focus 2018; 8:20180002. [PMID: 29696095 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There is urgent need to improve the clinical outcome of peripheral nerve injury. Many efforts are directed towards the fabrication of bioengineered conduits, which could deliver stem cells to the site of injury to promote and guide peripheral nerve regeneration. The aim of this study is to assess whether graphene and related nanomaterials can be useful in the fabrication of such conduits. A comparison is made between graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO substrates. Our results show that the graphene substrates are highly biocompatible, and the reduced GO substrates are more effective in increasing the gene expression of the biomolecules involved in the regeneration process compared to the other substrates studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Francesco Verre
- School of Materials and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Maria Iliut
- School of Materials and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Claudio Silva
- School of Materials and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristopher Muryn
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Adam J Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Aravind Vijayaraghavan
- School of Materials and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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77
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Kang ES, Kim DS, Suhito IR, Lee W, Song I, Kim TH. Two-dimensional material-based bionano platforms to control mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Biomater Res 2018; 22:10. [PMID: 29619243 PMCID: PMC5879765 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-018-0120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the past decade, stem cells, with their ability to differentiate into various types of cells, have been proven to be resourceful in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Despite the ability to repair damaged parts of organs and tissues, the use of stem cells still entails several limitations, such as low differentiation efficiency and difficulties in guiding differentiation. To address these limitations, nanotechnology approaches have been recently implemented in stem cell research. It has been discovered that stem cells, in combination with carbon-based functional materials, show enhanced regenerative performances in varying biophysical conditions. In particular, several studies have reported solutions to the conventional quandaries in biomedical engineering, using synergetic effects of nanohybrid materials, as well as further development of technologies to recover from diverse health conditions such as bone fracture and strokes. Main text In this review, we discuss several prior studies regarding the application of various nanomaterials in controlling the behavior of stem cells. We focus on the potential of different types of nanomaterials, such as two-dimensional materials, gold nanoparticles, and three-dimensional nanohybrid composites, to control the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). These materials have been found to affect stem cell functions via the adsorption of growth/differentiation factors on the surfaces of nanomaterials and the activation of signaling pathways that are mostly related to cell adhesion and differentiation (e.g., FAK, Smad, Erk, and Wnt). Conclusion Controlling stem cell differentiation using biophysical factors, especially the use of nanohybrid materials to functionalize underlying substrates wherein the cells attach and grow, is a promising strategy to achieve cells of interest in a highly efficient manner. We hope that this review will facilitate the use of other types of newly discovered and/or synthesized nanomaterials (e.g., metal transition dichalcogenides, non-toxic quantum dots, and metal oxide frameworks) for stem cell-based regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee-Seul Kang
- 1School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Seul Kim
- 1School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Intan Rosalina Suhito
- 1School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Wanhee Lee
- 1School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Inbeom Song
- 1School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- 1School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea.,2Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
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78
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Zhong H, Wang D, Xuan L, Ma S, Gong Y, Shi X, Li Y, Jiang Q. Monitoring proliferation and neurogenic differentiation of rADSCs on graphene-derivative substrates. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa87c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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79
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Gurunathan S, Kim JH. Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanoparticles Nanocomposite Stimulates Differentiation in Human Neuroblastoma Cancer Cells (SH-SY5Y). Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2549. [PMID: 29182571 PMCID: PMC5751152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, graphene and graphene related nanocomposite receive much attention due to high surface-to-volume ratio, and unique physiochemical and biological properties. The combination of metallic nanoparticles with graphene-based materials offers a promising method to fabricate novel graphene-silver hybrid nanomaterials with unique functions in biomedical nanotechnology, and nanomedicine. Therefore, this study was designed to prepare graphene oxide (GO) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) nanocomposite (GO-AgNPs) containing two different nanomaterials in single platform with distinctive properties using luciferin as reducing agents. In addition, we investigated the effect of GO-AgNPs on differentiation in SH-SY5Y cells. The synthesized GO-AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The differentiation was confirmed by series of cellular and biochemical assays. The AgNPs were distributed uniformly on the surface of graphene oxide with an average size of 25 nm. As prepared GO-AgNPOs induces differentiation by increasing the expression of neuronal differentiation markers and decreasing the expression of stem cell markers. The results indicated that the redox biology involved the expression of various signaling molecules, which play an important role in differentiation. This study suggests that GO-AgNP nanocomposite could stimulate differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms of differentiation of neuroblastoma cells could provide new strategies for cancer and stem cell therapies. Therefore, these studies suggest that GO-AgNPs could target specific chemotherapy-resistant cells within a tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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80
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Li S, Yuan H, Pan J, Fan W, Zhu L, Yan Z, Guo C. The treatment of femoral neck fracture using VEGF-loaded nanographene coated internal fixation screws. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187447. [PMID: 29117211 PMCID: PMC5678728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have proved that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a dual role in the promotion of new bone formation and blood vessel repair during fracture healing. However, how to introduce VEGF to a fracture site safely and effectively is still a challenge. This study aimed to prepare a VEGF-loaded nanographene coated internal fixation screw and to evaluate its effects in the treatment of femoral neck fracture. Methods Nanographene coated screws were prepared by direct liquid-phase exfoliation of the graphite method, and the surface characteristics were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). VEGF was loaded on nanographene coatings through physical adsorption, and the VEGF controlled release was examined by ELISA. Then a canine femoral neck fracture model was built to examine both the angiogenic and osteogenic properties of the VEGF-loaded coated screws. X-ray, micro-CT-based microangiography, and histopathologic evaluation were used to assess the fracture healing progress. Results The results demonstrated that nanographene could load VEGF effectively, and the accumulative release of VEGF clearly increased during the entire testing period (9 days) without burst release. In canine fracture models, the results of X-ray, microangiography, and histopathologic examination proved that the speed of fracture healing, new bone formation area, and revascularization of the fractured femoral heads in the VEGF-loaded coated screws groups were significantly higher than in the control groups. Conclusion Our study proved that VEGF-loaded nanographene coated screws were effective in the treatment of femoral neck fracture and prevention of avascular necrosis of femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengfeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshuai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changan Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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81
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When stem cells meet graphene: Opportunities and challenges in regenerative medicine. Biomaterials 2017; 155:236-250. [PMID: 29195230 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in stem cell research and nanotechnology have significantly influenced the landscape of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Precise and reproducible control of the fate of stem cells and their lineage specification have, therefore, become more crucial than ever for the success of stem cell-based technologies. Extensive research has been geared towards developing materials that are capable of mimicking the physiological microenvironment of stem cells and at the same time, controlling their eventual fate. An interesting example of these materials is two-dimensional graphene and its related derivatives. A high specific surface area coupled with superior chemical stability, biocompatibility, and flexibility in functionalization render graphene-based nanomaterials one of the most exciting platforms for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, especially for stem cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In this review, we discuss the love-hate relationship between stem cells and graphene-based nanomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We first discuss the role and importance of stem cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We then highlight the use of nanomaterials for stem cell control, the interaction between stem cells and graphene nanomaterials as well as their biocompatibility, biodistribution, and biodegradability considerations. We also offer our perspectives on the various challenges and opportunities facing the use of graphene and its derivatives for stem cell growth and differentiation.
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82
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Park C, Park S, Lee D, Choi KS, Lim HP, Kim J. Graphene as an Enabling Strategy for Dental Implant and Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:481-493. [PMID: 30603503 PMCID: PMC6171627 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based approaches have been influential in the design and manipulation of dental implants and tissue regeneration to overcome the problems associated with traditional titanium-based dental implants, such as their low biological affinity. Here, we describe the current progress of graphene-based platforms, which have contributed to major advances for improving cellular functions in in vitro and in vivo applications of dental implants. We also present opinions on the principal challenges and future prospects for new graphene-based platforms for the development of advanced graphene dental implants and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Sunho Park
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Dohyeon Lee
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Kyoung Soon Choi
- Advanced Nano-Surface Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), 70, Yuseong-daero 1689-gil, Yuseong-gu Daejeon, 34047 Korea
| | - Hyun-Pil Lim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
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83
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Reinforcing nanomedicine using graphene family nanomaterials. J Control Release 2017; 255:218-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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84
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Recent advances in bioactive 1D and 2D carbon nanomaterials for biomedical applications. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 14:2433-2454. [PMID: 28552644 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the two-dimensional (2D) graphene represent the most widely studied allotropes of carbon. Due to their unique structural, electrical, mechanical and optical properties, 1D and 2D carbon nanostructures are considered to be leading candidates for numerous applications in biomedical fields, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, bioimaging and biosensors. The biocompatibility and toxicity issues associated with these nanostructures have been a critical impediment for their use in biomedical applications. In this review, we present an overview of the various materials types, properties, functionalization strategies and characterization methods of 1D and 2D carbon nanomaterials and their derivatives in terms of their biomedical applications. In addition, we discuss various factors and mechanisms affecting their toxicity and biocompatibility.
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85
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Peng S, Feng P, Wu P, Huang W, Yang Y, Guo W, Gao C, Shuai C. Graphene oxide as an interface phase between polyetheretherketone and hydroxyapatite for tissue engineering scaffolds. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46604. [PMID: 28425470 PMCID: PMC5397874 DOI: 10.1038/srep46604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor bonding strength between biopolymer and bioceramic has remained an unsolved issue. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was introduced as an interface phase to improve the interfacial bonding between polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) for tissue engineering scaffolds. On the one hand, the conjugated structure of GO could form strong π-π stacking interaction with the benzene rings in PEEK. On the other hand, GO with a negatively charge resulting from oxygen functional groups could adsorb the positively charged calcium atoms (C sites) of HAP. Consequently, the dispersibility and compatibility of HAP in the PEEK matrix increased with increasing GO content up to 1 wt%. At this time, the compressive strength and modulus of scaffolds increased by 79.45% and 42.07%, respectively. Furthermore, the PEEK-HAP with GO (PEEK-HAP/GO) scaffolds possessed the ability to induce formation of bone-like apatite. And they could support cellular adhesion, proliferation as well as osteogenic differentiation. More importantly, in vivo bone defect repair experiments showed that new bone formed throughout the scaffolds at 60 days after implantation. All these results suggested that the PEEK-HAP/GO scaffolds have a promising potential for bone tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 410078, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, China
| | - Pei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, 410083, China
| | - Ping Wu
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, 410083, China
| | - Youwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, 410083, China
| | - Wang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, 410083, China
| | - Chengde Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, 410083, China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, 410083, China.,State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, 410083, China
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Tasnim N, Kumar A, Joddar B. Attenuation of the in vitro neurotoxicity of 316L SS by graphene oxide surface coating. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 73:788-797. [PMID: 28183673 PMCID: PMC5312756 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A persistent theme in biomaterials research comprises of surface engineering and modification of bare metallic substrates for improved cellular response and biocompatibility. Graphene Oxide (GO), a derivative of graphene, has outstanding chemical and mechanical properties; its large surface to volume ratio, ease of surface modification and processing make GO an attractive coating material. GO-coatings have been extensively studied as biosensors. Further owing to its surface nano-architecture, GO-coated surfaces promote cell adhesion and growth, making it suitable for tissue engineering applications. The need to improve the long-term durability and therapeutic effectiveness of commercially available bare 316L stainless steel (SS) surfaces led us to adopt a polymer-free approach which is cost-effective and scalable. GO was immobilized on to 316L SS utilizing amide linkage, to generate a strongly adherent uniform coating with surface roughness. GO-coated 316L SS surfaces showed increased hydrophilicity and biocompatibility with SHSY-5Y neuronal cells, which proliferated well and showed decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression. In contrast, cells did not adhere to bare uncoated 316L SS meshes nor maintain viability when cultured in the vicinity of bare meshes. Therefore the combination of the improved surface properties and biocompatibility implies that GO-coating can be utilized to overcome pertinent limitations of bare metallic 316L SS implant surfaces, especially SS neural electrodes. Also, the procedure for making GO-based protective coatings can be applied to numerous other implants where the development of such protective films is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Tasnim
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Alok Kumar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Binata Joddar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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87
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Mehrali M, Thakur A, Pennisi CP, Talebian S, Arpanaei A, Nikkhah M, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A. Nanoreinforced Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: Biomaterials that are Compatible with Load-Bearing and Electroactive Tissues. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603612. [PMID: 27966826 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Given their highly porous nature and excellent water retention, hydrogel-based biomaterials can mimic critical properties of the native cellular environment. However, their potential to emulate the electromechanical milieu of native tissues or conform well with the curved topology of human organs needs to be further explored to address a broad range of physiological demands of the body. In this regard, the incorporation of nanomaterials within hydrogels has shown great promise, as a simple one-step approach, to generate multifunctional scaffolds with previously unattainable biological, mechanical, and electrical properties. Here, recent advances in the fabrication and application of nanocomposite hydrogels in tissue engineering applications are described, with specific attention toward skeletal and electroactive tissues, such as cardiac, nerve, bone, cartilage, and skeletal muscle. Additionally, some potential uses of nanoreinforced hydrogels within the emerging disciplines of cyborganics, bionics, and soft biorobotics are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mehrali
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, 2800 Kgs, Ørsteds Plads, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ashish Thakur
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, 2800 Kgs, Ørsteds Plads, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Pablo Pennisi
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Sepehr Talebian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Center of Advanced Material, University of Malaya, 50603, Persiaran Universiti 2, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ayyoob Arpanaei
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran - Karaj Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- Engineering Center G Wing 334 School of Biological Health and Systems Engineering (SBHSE), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, 2800 Kgs, Ørsteds Plads, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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88
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Kang ES, Kim DS, Suhito IR, Choo SS, Kim SJ, Song I, Kim TH. Guiding osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells using carbon-based nanomaterials. NANO CONVERGENCE 2017; 4:2. [PMID: 28191446 PMCID: PMC5271168 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-017-0096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the field of regenerative medicine, stem cells are highly promising due to their innate ability to generate multiple types of cells that could replace/repair damaged parts of human organs and tissues. It has been reported that both in vitro and in vivo function/survival of stem cells could significantly be improved by utilizing functional materials such as biodegradable polymers, metal composites, nanopatterns and nanohybrid particles. Of various biocompatible materials available for use in stem cell-based therapy and research, carbon-based materials-including fullerenes graphene/graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes-have been found to possess unique physicochemical characteristics that contribute to the effective guidance of stem cell differentiation into specific lineages. In this review, we discuss a number of previous reports that investigated the use of carbon-based materials to control stem cell behavior, with a particular focus on their immense potential to guide the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We hope that this review will provide information on the full potential of using various carbon-based materials in stem cell-mediated regenerative therapy, particularly for bone regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee-Seul Kang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Seul Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Intan Rosalina Suhito
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Sik Choo
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Inbeom Song
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
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89
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Li X, Lin K, Wang Z. Enhanced growth and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on Ti6Al4V alloys modified with reduced graphene oxide. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25832h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives, including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have been considered as promising candidates in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
- Department of Oral Implant
- School of Stomatology
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
| | - Kaili Lin
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
- School of Stomatology
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zuolin Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
- Department of Oral Implant
- School of Stomatology
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
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90
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Wu X, Ding SJ, Lin K, Su J. A review on the biocompatibility and potential applications of graphene in inducing cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3084-3102. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb03067j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the biocompatibility and cell differentiation inducing capacity of graphene and its potential applications in multi-tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics
- School & Hospital of Stomatology
- Tongji University
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
- Shanghai 200072
| | - Shinn-Jyh Ding
- Institute of Oral Science
- Chung Shan Medical University
- Taichung City 402
- Taiwan
| | - Kaili Lin
- School & Hospital of Stomatology
- Tongji University
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
- Shanghai 200072
- China
| | - Jiansheng Su
- Department of Prosthodontics
- School & Hospital of Stomatology
- Tongji University
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
- Shanghai 200072
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91
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Sayyar S, Bjorninen M, Haimi S, Miettinen S, Gilmore K, Grijpma D, Wallace G. UV Cross-Linkable Graphene/Poly(trimethylene Carbonate) Composites for 3D Printing of Electrically Conductive Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:31916-31925. [PMID: 27782383 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Conductive, flexible graphene/poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) composites were prepared. Addition of just 3 wt % graphene to PTMC oligomers functionalized with methacrylate end-groups followed by UV cross-linking resulted in more than 100% improvement in tensile strength and enhanced electrical conductivity by orders of magnitude without altering the processability of the host material. The addition of graphene also enhanced mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) attachment and proliferation. When electrical stimulation via the composite material was applied, MSC viability was not compromised, and osteogenic markers were upregulated. Using additive fabrication techniques, the material was processed into multilayer 3D scaffolds which supported MSC attachment. These conducting composites with excellent processability and compatibility with MSCs are promising biomaterials to be used as versatile platforms for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepidar Sayyar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Miina Bjorninen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Suvi Haimi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Clinicum, University of Helsinki , 00100 Helsinki, Finland
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, University of Tampere , 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Dirk Grijpma
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, W.J. Kolff Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , 9600 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
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92
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Shin SR, Li YC, Jang HL, Khoshakhlagh P, Akbari M, Nasajpour A, Zhang YS, Tamayol A, Khademhosseini A. Graphene-based materials for tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 105:255-274. [PMID: 27037064 PMCID: PMC5039063 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and its chemical derivatives have been a pivotal new class of nanomaterials and a model system for quantum behavior. The material's excellent electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, surface area and thermal properties are of much interest to the scientific community. Two-dimensional graphene materials have been widely used in various biomedical research areas such as bioelectronics, imaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. In this review, we will highlight the recent applications of graphene-based materials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In particular, we will discuss the application of graphene-based materials in cardiac, neural, bone, cartilage, skeletal muscle, and skin/adipose tissue engineering. We will also discuss the potential risk factors of graphene-based materials in tissue engineering. In conclusion, we will outline the opportunities in the usage of graphene-based materials for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ryon Shin
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yi-Chen Li
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hae Lin Jang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Parastoo Khoshakhlagh
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Amir Nasajpour
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia; College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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Guo R, Zhang S, Xiao M, Qian F, He Z, Li D, Zhang X, Li H, Yang X, Wang M, Chai R, Tang M. Accelerating bioelectric functional development of neural stem cells by graphene coupling: Implications for neural interfacing with conductive materials. Biomaterials 2016; 106:193-204. [PMID: 27566868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to govern cell-specific behaviors in tissue engineering for neural repair and regeneration, a better understanding of material-cell interactions, especially the bioelectric functions, is extremely important. Graphene has been reported to be a potential candidate for use as a scaffold and neural interfacing material. However, the bioelectric evolvement of cell membranes on these conductive graphene substrates remains largely uninvestigated. In this study, we used a neural stem cell (NSC) model to explore the possible changes in membrane bioelectric properties - including resting membrane potentials and action potentials - and cell behaviors on graphene films under both proliferation and differentiation conditions. We used a combination of single-cell electrophysiological recordings and traditional cell biology techniques. Graphene did not affect the basic membrane electrical parameters (capacitance and input resistance), but resting membrane potentials of cells on graphene substrates were more strongly negative under both proliferation and differentiation conditions. Also, NSCs and their progeny on graphene substrates exhibited increased firing of action potentials during development compared to controls. However, graphene only slightly affected the electric characterizations of mature NSC progeny. The modulation of passive and active bioelectric properties on the graphene substrate was accompanied by enhanced NSC differentiation. Furthermore, spine density, synapse proteins expressions and synaptic activity were all increased in graphene group. Modeling of the electric field on conductive graphene substrates suggests that the electric field produced by the electronegative cell membrane is much higher on graphene substrates than that on control, and this might explain the observed changes of bioelectric development by graphene coupling. Our results indicate that graphene is able to accelerate NSC maturation during development, especially with regard to bioelectric evolvement. Our findings provide a fundamental understanding of the role of conductive materials in tuning the membrane bioelectric properties in a graphene model and pave the way for future studies on the development of methods and materials for manipulating membrane properties in a controllable way for NSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Guo
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Miao Xiao
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fuping Qian
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zuhong He
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing Research Institute, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Ming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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94
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Graphene oxide-based substrate: physical and surface characterization, cytocompatibility and differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1019-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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95
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Lim KT, Seonwoo H, Choi KS, Jin H, Jang KJ, Kim J, Kim JW, Kim SY, Choung PH, Chung JH. Pulsed-Electromagnetic-Field-Assisted Reduced Graphene Oxide Substrates for Multidifferentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2069-79. [PMID: 27332788 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can modulate cell proliferation, DNA replication, wound healing, cytokine expression, and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Graphene, a 2D crystal of sp(2) -hybridized carbon atoms, has entered the spotlight in cell and tissue engineering research. However, a combination of graphene and EMFs has never been applied in tissue engineering. This study combines reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and pulsed EMFs (PEMFs) on the osteogenesis and neurogenesis of MSCs. First, the chemical properties of RGO are measured. After evaluation, the RGO is adsorbed onto glass, and its morphological and electrical properties are investigated. Next, an in vitro study is conducted using human alveolar bone marrow stem cells (hABMSCs). Their cell viability, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation are increased by RGO and PEMFs. The combination of RGO and PEMFs enhances osteogenic differentiation. Together, RGO and PEMFs enhance the neurogenic and adipogenic differentiation of hABMSCs. Moreover, in a DNA microarray analysis, the combination of RGO and PEMFs synergically increases ECM formation, membrane proteins, and metabolism. The combination of RGO and PEMFs is expected to be an efficient platform for stem cell and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering; College of Agricultural and Life Sciences; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 200-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Seonwoo
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soon Choi
- Advanced Nano-Surface Research Group; Korea Basic Science Institute; Daejeon 305-333 Republic of Korea
| | - Hexiu Jin
- School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing 10050 China
| | - Kyung-Je Jang
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Kim
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering; Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering; University of Arkansas; Fayetteville AR 72701 USA
| | - Soo Young Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Pill-Hoon Choung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Seoul 110-774 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Chung
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
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96
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Gurunathan S, Kim JH. Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1927-45. [PMID: 27226713 PMCID: PMC4863686 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s105264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal, and since its development it has been applied in many novel ways in both research and industry. Graphene possesses unique properties, and it has been used in many applications including sensors, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, transistors, components of high-strength machinery, and display screens in mobile devices. In the past decade, the biomedical applications of graphene have attracted much interest. Graphene has been reported to have antibacterial, antiplatelet, and anticancer activities. Several salient features of graphene make it a potential candidate for biological and biomedical applications. The synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene are fundamental issues that require thorough investigation in any kind of applications related to human welfare. Therefore, this review addresses the various methods available for the synthesis of graphene, with special reference to biological synthesis, and highlights the biological applications of graphene with a focus on cancer therapy, drug delivery, bio-imaging, and tissue engineering, together with a brief discussion of the challenges and future perspectives of graphene. We hope to provide a comprehensive review of the latest progress in research on graphene, from synthesis to applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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97
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Zancanela DC, Simão AMS, Francisco CG, de Faria AN, Ramos AP, Gonçalves RR, Matsubara EY, Rosolen JM, Ciancaglini P. Graphene oxide and titanium: synergistic effects on the biomineralization ability of osteoblast cultures. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:71. [PMID: 26886819 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted remarkable attention in recent years due to properties such as extremely large surface area, biocompatibility, biostability, and easy chemical functionalization. Osteoblasts underlie the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone protein matrix during biomineralization; hydroxyapatite deposition involves extracellular matrix vesicles that are rich in alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Here, we have investigated how GO affects osteoblast viability, ALP activity, and mineralized matrix formation in osteoblast cultures in three different phases of cell growth, in the presence and in the absence of titanium (Ti). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectra, and energy dispersive spectroscopy aided GO characterization. The presence of GO increased the viability of osteoblast cells grown on a plastic surface. However, osteoblast viability on Ti discs was lower in the presence than in the absence of GO. ALP activity emerged at 14 days for the cell culture incubated with GO. The total protein concentration also increased at 21 days on both the Ti discs and plastic surface. Osteoblasts grown on Ti discs had increased mineralized matrix formation in the presence of GO as compared to the cells grown in the absence of GO. SEM images of the cell cultures on plastic surfaces in the presence of GO suggested delayed mineralized matrix formation. In conclusion, applications requiring the presence of Ti, such as prostheses and implants, should benefit from the use of GO, which may increase mineralized nodule formation, stimulate biomineralization, and accelerate bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C Zancanela
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria S Simão
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Camila G Francisco
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Amanda N de Faria
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Rogéria R Gonçalves
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Elaine Y Matsubara
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - José Maurício Rosolen
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil.
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98
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Kumar S, Raj S, Sarkar K, Chatterjee K. Engineering a multi-biofunctional composite using poly(ethylenimine) decorated graphene oxide for bone tissue regeneration. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:6820-36. [PMID: 26955801 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06906h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Toward preparing strong multi-biofunctional materials, poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) conjugated graphene oxide (GO_PEI) was synthesized using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as a spacer and incorporated in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) at different fractions. GO_PEI significantly promoted the proliferation and formation of focal adhesions in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on PCL. GO_PEI was highly potent in inducing stem cell osteogenesis leading to near doubling of alkaline phosphatase expression and mineralization over neat PCL with 5% filler content and was ≈50% better than GO. Remarkably, 5% GO_PEI was as potent as soluble osteoinductive factors. Increased adsorption of osteogenic factors due to the amine and oxygen containing functional groups on GO_PEI augment stem cell differentiation. GO_PEI was also highly efficient in imparting bactericidal activity with 85% reduction in counts of E. coli colonies compared to neat PCL at 5% filler content and was more than twice as efficient as GO. This may be attributed to the synergistic effect of the sharp edges of the particles along with the presence of the different chemical moieties. Thus, GO_PEI based polymer composites can be utilized to prepare bioactive resorbable biomaterials as an alternative to using labile biomolecules for fabricating orthopedic devices for fracture fixation and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Shammy Raj
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Kishor Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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99
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Shadjou N, Hasanzadeh M. Graphene and its nanostructure derivatives for use in bone tissue engineering: Recent advances. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1250-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Shadjou
- Department of Nanochemistry; Nano Technology Research Center and Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz 51664 Iran
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100
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Bioactivity of periodontal ligament stem cells on sodium titanate coated with graphene oxide. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19343. [PMID: 26763307 PMCID: PMC4725920 DOI: 10.1038/srep19343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a biocompatible and low cytotoxic nanomaterial, graphene oxide (GO) has captured tremendous interests in tissue engineering. However, little is known about the behavior of dental stem cells on GO. This study was to evaluate the bioactivity of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) on GO coated titanium (GO-Ti) substrate in vitro as compared to sodium titanate (Na-Ti) substrate. By scanning electron microscope (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis, we investigated the attachment, morphology, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs on these two substrates. When seeded on GO-Ti substrate, PDLSCs exhibited significantly higher proliferation rate, ALP activity and up-regulated gene expression level of osteogenesis-related markers of collagen type I (COL-I), ALP, bone sialoprotein (BSP), runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) compared with those on Na-Ti substrate. Moreover, GO promoted the protein expression of BSP, Runx2 and OCN. These findings suggest that the combination of GO and PDLSCs provides a promising construct for regenerative dentistry.
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