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Basiji K, Sendani AA, Ghavami SB, Farmani M, Kazemifard N, Sadeghi A, Lotfali E, Aghdaei HA. The critical role of gut-brain axis microbiome in mental disorders. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2547-2561. [PMID: 37436588 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The Gut-brain axis is a bidirectional neural and humoral signaling that plays an important role in mental disorders and intestinal health and connects them as well. Over the past decades, the gut microbiota has been explored as an important part of the gastrointestinal tract that plays a crucial role in the regulation of most functions of various human organs. The evidence shows several mediators such as short-chain fatty acids, peptides, and neurotransmitters that are produced by the gut may affect the brain's function directly or indirectly. Thus, dysregulation in this microbiome community can give rise to several diseases such as Parkinson's disease, depression, irritable bowel syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease. So, the interactions between the gut and the brain are significantly considered, and also it provides a prominent subject to investigate the causes of some diseases. In this article, we reviewed and focused on the role of the largest and most repetitive bacterial community and their relevance with some diseases that they have mentioned previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Basiji
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aghamohammadi Sendani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Farmani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nesa Kazemifard
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Lotfali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Govindaraju R, Govindaraju S, Yun K, Kim J. Fluorescent-Based Neurotransmitter Sensors: Present and Future Perspectives. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:1008. [PMID: 38131768 PMCID: PMC10742055 DOI: 10.3390/bios13121008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are endogenous low-molecular-weight chemical compounds that transmit synaptic signals in the central nervous system. These NTs play a crucial role in facilitating signal communication, motor control, and processes related to memory and learning. Abnormalities in the levels of NTs lead to chronic mental health disorders and heart diseases. Therefore, detecting imbalances in the levels of NTs is important for diagnosing early stages of diseases associated with NTs. Sensing technologies detect NTs rapidly, specifically, and selectively, overcoming the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods. In this review, we focus on the fluorescence-based biosensors that use nanomaterials such as metal clusters, carbon dots, and quantum dots. Additionally, we review biomaterial-based, including aptamer- and enzyme-based, and genetically encoded biosensors. Furthermore, we elaborate on the fluorescence mechanisms, including fluorescence resonance energy transfer, photon-induced electron transfer, intramolecular charge transfer, and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, in the context of their applications for the detection of NTs. We also discuss the significance of NTs in human physiological functions, address the current challenges in designing fluorescence-based biosensors for the detection of NTs, and explore their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajapriya Govindaraju
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam Daero, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Saravanan Govindaraju
- Department of Bio Nanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.G.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of Bio Nanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.G.); (K.Y.)
| | - Jongsung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam Daero, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
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53
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Singh A. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor - a key player in the gastrointestinal system. PRZEGLAD GASTROENTEROLOGICZNY 2023; 18:380-392. [PMID: 38572454 PMCID: PMC10985741 DOI: 10.5114/pg.2023.132957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is highly expressed throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and plays a critical role in the regulation of intestinal motility, secretion, sensation, immunity, and mucosal integrity. Dysregulation of BDNF signalling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various GI disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, and diabetic gastroenteropathy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of BDNF localization, synthesis, receptors, and signalling mechanisms in the gut. In addition, current evidence on the diverse physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of BDNF in the control of intestinal peristalsis, mucosal transport processes, visceral sensation, neuroimmune interactions, gastrointestinal mucosal healing, and enteric nervous system homeostasis are discussed. Finally, the therapeutic potential of targeting BDNF for the treatment of functional GI diseases is explored. Advancing knowledge of BDNF biology and mechanisms of action may lead to new therapies based on harnessing the gut trophic effects of this neurotrophin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Zhao M, Yang L, Su K, Wu H, Wang Y, Chang Q, Liu W. Zuojin pill improves chronic unpredictable stress-induced depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice via the theTPH2/5-HT pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155067. [PMID: 37716030 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain is associated with mental disorders such as depression; serotonin, as a crucial neurotransmitter in the communication system between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, has effects on regulating gastrointestinal motility and sensation and improving psychosomatic status. Zuojin pill is used as a traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. This study explored the effects of Zuojin pill on the improvement of depression and gastrointestinal function in CUMS mice via TPH2 and its mechanism. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate whether Zuojin pill could improve depression and concomitant gastrointestinal dysfunction, and to reveal whether Zuojin pill could work through the regulation of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) pathway. METHODS The CUMS model was established to observe the effects of Zuojin pill on depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal function in mice. Nissler staining and HE staining were used to observe the structure of hippocampal neurons and intestinal mucosa respectively. 5-HT levels in serum, hippocampus, and intestinal tissues were measured by ELISA, and TPH2 expression in hippocampus and intestinal nerves was observed by WB and immunofluorescence. In order to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Zuojin pill on PC12 cells, CORT used an in vitro model to produce PC12 cell damage. RESULTS Our study showed that Zuojin pill ameliorated depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal dysfunction in CUMS mice, elevated BDNF, 5-HT, and TPH2 expression in the hippocampus, and restored the ratio of dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons between intestinal muscles. In vitro experiments showed that Zuojin pill exerted a protective effect on neurons by regulating TPH2 ubiquitination and thus inhibiting CORT-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells. CONCLUSION Zuojin pill improves chronic unpredictable stress-induced depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice via the TPH2/5-HT pathway. Therefore, TPH2 may be a potential therapeutic target for depression with gastrointestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuzhen Huang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Kunhan Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
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Mitra S, Dash R, Nishan AA, Habiba SU, Moon IS. Brain modulation by the gut microbiota: From disease to therapy. J Adv Res 2023; 53:153-173. [PMID: 36496175 PMCID: PMC10658262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota (GM) and brain are strongly associated, which significantly affects neuronal development and disorders. GM-derived metabolites modulate neuronal function and influence many cascades in age-related neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Because of the dual role of GM in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration, understanding the balance between beneficial and harmful bacteria is crucial for applying this approach to clinical therapies. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review briefly discusses the role of the gut-brain relationship in promoting brain and cognitive function. Although a healthy gut environment is helpful for brain function, gut dysbiosis can disrupt the brain's environment and create a vicious cycle of degenerative cascades. The ways in which the GM population can affect brain function and the development of neurodegeneration are also discussed. In the treatment and management of NDDs, the beneficial effects of methods targeting GM populations and their derivatives, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) are also highlighted. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT OF THE REVIEW In this review, we aimed to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of the gut microbe-brain relationship and their twin roles in neurodegeneration progression and therapeutic applications. Here, we attempted to highlight the different pathways connecting the brain and gut, together with the role of GM in neuroprotection and neuronal development. Furthermore, potential roles of GM metabolites in the pathogenesis of brain disorders and in strategies for its treatment are also investigated. By analyzing existing in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies, this review attempts to identify new and promising therapeutic strategies for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. As the connection between the gut microbe-brain relationship and responses to NDD treatments is less studied, this review will provide new insights into the global mechanisms of GM modulation in disease progression, and identify potential future perspectives for developing new therapies to treat NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Amena Al Nishan
- Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong 4203, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmin Ummey Habiba
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea.
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Kundu S, Nayak S, Rakshit D, Singh T, Shukla R, Khatri DK, Mishra A. The microbiome-gut-brain axis in epilepsy: pharmacotherapeutic target from bench evidence for potential bedside applications. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3557-3567. [PMID: 36880679 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis augments the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain and modulates gut homeostasis and the central nervous system through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, enteroendocrine system, neuroendocrine system, inflammatory and immune pathways. Preclinical and clinical reports showed that gut dysbiosis might play a major regulatory role in neurological diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that causes recurrent and unprovoked seizures, and numerous risk factors are implicated in developing epilepsy. Advanced consideration of the gut-microbiota-brain axis can reduce ambiguity about epilepsy pathology, antiepileptic drugs, and effective therapeutic targets. Gut microbiota sequencing analysis reported that the level of Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Fusobacteria, and Firmicutes was increased and the level of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes was decreased in epilepsy patients. Clinical and preclinical studies also indicated that probiotics, ketogenic diet, faecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics can improve gut dysbiosis and alleviate seizure by enhancing the abundance of healthy biota. This study aims to give an overview of the connection between gut microbiota, and epilepsy, how gut microbiome changes may cause epilepsy, and whether gut microbiome restoration could be used as a treatment for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehashis Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, India
| | - Sudipta Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, India
| | - Debarati Rakshit
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, India
| | - Tanveer Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, India
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Khan MAS, Chang SL. Alcohol and the Brain-Gut Axis: The Involvement of Microglia and Enteric Glia in the Process of Neuro-Enteric Inflammation. Cells 2023; 12:2475. [PMID: 37887319 PMCID: PMC10605902 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge or chronic alcohol consumption causes neuroinflammation and leads to alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD not only affects the central nervous system (CNS) but also leads to pathologies in the peripheral and enteric nervous systems (ENS). Thus, understanding the mechanism of the immune signaling to target the effector molecules in the signaling pathway is necessary to alleviate AUD. Growing evidence shows that excessive alcohol consumption can activate neuroimmune cells, including microglia, and change the status of neurotransmitters, affecting the neuroimmune system. Microglia, like peripheral macrophages, are an integral part of the immune defense and represent the reticuloendothelial system in the CNS. Microglia constantly survey the CNS to scavenge the neuronal debris. These cells also protect parenchymal cells in the brain and spinal cord by repairing nerve circuits to keep the nervous system healthy against infectious and stress-derived agents. In an activated state, they become highly dynamic and mobile and can modulate the levels of neurotransmitters in the CNS. In several ways, microglia, enteric glial cells, and macrophages are similar in terms of causing inflammation. Microglia also express most of the receptors that are constitutively present in macrophages. Several receptors on microglia respond to the inflammatory signals that arise from danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), endotoxins (e.g., lipopolysaccharides), and stress-causing molecules (e.g., alcohol). Therefore, this review article presents the latest findings, describing the roles of microglia and enteric glial cells in the brain and gut, respectively, and their association with neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, and receptors under the influence of binge and chronic alcohol use, and AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. S. Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Sulie L. Chang
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
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58
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Tao R, Liu S, Crawford J, Tao F. Gut-Brain Crosstalk and the Central Mechanisms of Orofacial Pain. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1456. [PMID: 37891825 PMCID: PMC10605055 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that the gut microbiome can contribute to pain modulation through the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Various relevant microbiome metabolites in the gut are involved in the regulation of pain signaling in the central nervous system. In this review, we summarize recent advances in gut-brain interactions by which the microbiome metabolites modulate pain, with a focus on orofacial pain, and we further discuss the role of gut-brain crosstalk in the central mechanisms of orofacial pain whereby the gut microbiome modulates orofacial pain via the vagus nerve-mediated direct pathway and the gut metabolites/molecules-mediated indirect pathway. The direct and indirect pathways both contribute to the central regulation of orofacial pain through different brain structures (such as the nucleus tractus solitarius and the parabrachial nucleus) and signaling transmission across the blood-brain barrier, respectively. Understanding the gut microbiome-regulated pain mechanisms in the brain could help us to develop non-opioid novel therapies for orofacial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas, TX 75246, USA
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Godur DA, Denton AJ, Eshraghi N, Mittal J, Cooper J, Moosa M, Mittal R. Modulation of Gut Microbiome as a Therapeutic Modality for Auditory Disorders. Audiol Res 2023; 13:741-752. [PMID: 37887847 PMCID: PMC10603848 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13050066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been shown to play a pivotal role in health and disease. Recently, there has been increased interest within the auditory community to explore the role of the gut microbiome in the auditory system and its implications for hearing disorders such as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), otitis media, and tinnitus. Studies have suggested that modulating the gut microbiome using probiotics as well as with diets high in monounsaturated and omega-3 fatty acids is associated with a reduction in inflammation prevalence in auditory disorders. This review aims to evaluate the current literature on modulation of the gut microbiome and its effects on otological conditions. The probiotic conversion of nondigestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids has been shown to provide benefits for improving hearing by maintaining an adequate vascular supply. For acute and secretory otitis media, studies have shown that a combination therapy of probiotics with a decreased dose of antibiotics yields better clinical outcomes than aggressive antibiotic treatment alone. Gut microbiome modulation also alters neurotransmitter levels and reduces neuroinflammation, which may provide benefits for tinnitus by preventing increased neuronal activity. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics, natural health products, and micronutrients on auditory disorders, paving the way to develop novel interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri A. Godur
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Alexa J. Denton
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Nicolas Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Jaimee Cooper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Moeed Moosa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
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Liu R, Sun B. Lactic Acid Bacteria and Aging: Unraveling the Interplay for Healthy Longevity. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0926. [PMID: 37962461 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are beneficial microorganisms widely utilized in food fermentation processes and as probiotic supplements. They offer multifarious health benefits, including enhancing digestion, strengthening immune mechanisms, and mitigating inflammation. Recent studies suggest that LAB might be instrumental in the anti-aging domain, modulating key molecular pathways involved in the aging continuum, such as IL-13, TNF-α, mTOR, IFN-γ, TGF-β, AMPK, and GABA. The TLR family, particularly TLR2, appears pivotal during the primary cellular interactions with bacteria and their byproducts. Concurrently, the Sirtuin family, predominantly Sirtuin-1, plays diverse roles upon cellular stimuli by bacterial components. The potential anti-aging benefits postulated include restoring gut balance, enhancing antioxidant potential, and fortifying cognitive and mental faculties. However, the current body of evidence is still embryonic and calls for expansive human trials and deeper mechanistic analyses. The safety and optimal consumption metrics for LAB also warrant rigorous evaluation. Future research trajectories should identify specific LAB strains with potent anti-aging properties and unravel the underlying biological pathways. Given the promising implications, LAB strains stand as potential dietary contenders to foster healthy aging and enrich the quality of life among the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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Xiang X, Vilar Gomez AA, Blomberg SP, Yuan H, Degnan BM, Degnan SM. Potential for host-symbiont communication via neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in an aneural animal, the marine sponge Amphimedon queenslandica. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1250694. [PMID: 37841893 PMCID: PMC10570526 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1250694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interkingdom signalling within a holobiont allows host and symbionts to communicate and to regulate each other's physiological and developmental states. Here we show that a suite of signalling molecules that function as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in most animals with nervous systems, specifically dopamine and trace amines, are produced exclusively by the bacterial symbionts of the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica. Although sponges do not possess a nervous system, A. queenslandica expresses rhodopsin class G-protein-coupled receptors that are structurally similar to dopamine and trace amine receptors. When sponge larvae, which express these receptors, are exposed to agonists and antagonists of bilaterian dopamine and trace amine receptors, we observe marked changes in larval phototactic swimming behaviour, consistent with the sponge being competent to recognise and respond to symbiont-derived trace amine signals. These results indicate that monoamines synthesised by bacterial symbionts may be able to influence the physiology of the host sponge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sandie M. Degnan
- Centre for Marine Science, School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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62
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Matiș L, Alexandru BA, Ghitea TC. Catecholamine Variations in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders and Their Neuropsychiatric Expression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2600. [PMID: 37892974 PMCID: PMC10604142 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the central nervous system and the intestinal environment hinges on neural, hormonal, immune, and metabolic reactions. Over decades, significant effort has gone into exploring the link between the digestive system and the brain. The primary objective of this study is to assess catecholamine levels in children with neuropsychiatric disorders. We aim to examine how these levels impact the mental and physical wellbeing of these children, with a specific focus on psychoemotional symptoms and cognitive performance. Our research seeks to identify the significance of modifying neurotransmitter levels in pediatric medical interventions, ultimately striving to reduce mental health risks and enhance children's future development. A total of 135 individuals were chosen to partake, and they engaged in regular monthly consultations according to established study protocols. Clinical evaluations were conducted in a medical environment, encompassing the observation of constipation, diarrhea, and additional gastrointestinal anomalies not confined to constipation or diarrhea. This entailed the assessment of neurotransmitter imbalances, with a specific focus on dopamine, adrenaline, noradrenaline, and the noradrenaline/adrenaline ratio. Gastrointestinal disorders are indicative of imbalances in catecholamines, with lower gastrointestinal problems being correlated with such imbalances. In subjects with psychiatric disorders, a more pronounced dopamine and noradrenaline/adrenaline ratio was observed, while elevated adrenaline levels were associated with psychoanxiety disorders.
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Napolitano M, Fasulo E, Ungaro F, Massimino L, Sinagra E, Danese S, Mandarino FV. Gut Dysbiosis in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Narrative Review on Correlation with Disease Subtypes and Novel Therapeutic Implications. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2369. [PMID: 37894027 PMCID: PMC10609453 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It can be subclassified in different subtypes according to the main clinical manifestation: constipation, diarrhea, mixed, and unclassified. Over the past decade, the role of gut microbiota in IBS has garnered significant attention in the scientific community. Emerging research spotlights the intricate involvement of microbiota dysbiosis in IBS pathogenesis. Studies have demonstrated reduced microbial diversity and stability and specific microbial alterations for each disease subgroup. Microbiota-targeted treatments, such as antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and even diet, offer exciting prospects for managing IBS. However, definitive conclusions are hindered by the heterogeneity of these studies. Further research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms, developing microbiome-based diagnostics, and enabling personalized therapies tailored to an individual's microbiome profile. This review takes a deep dive into the microscopic world inhabiting our guts, and its implications for IBS. Our aim is to elucidate the complex interplay between gut microbiota and each IBS subtype, exploring novel microbiota-targeted treatments and providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Napolitano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.F.); (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Ernesto Fasulo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.F.); (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.F.); (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.F.); (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Sinagra
- Gastroenterology & Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy;
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.F.); (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Vito Mandarino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.F.); (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
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Strelez C, Perez R, Chlystek JS, Cherry C, Yoon AY, Haliday B, Shah C, Ghaffarian K, Sun RX, Jiang H, Lau R, Schatz A, Lenz HJ, Katz JE, Mumenthaler SM. Integration of Patient-Derived Organoids and Organ-on-Chip Systems: Investigating Colorectal Cancer Invasion within the Mechanical and GABAergic Tumor Microenvironment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.14.557797. [PMID: 37745376 PMCID: PMC10515884 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models are essential in cancer research, but they often neglect physical forces. In our study, we combined patient-derived tumor organoids with a microfluidic organ-on-chip system to investigate colorectal cancer (CRC) invasion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This allowed us to create patient-specific tumor models and assess the impact of physical forces on cancer biology. Our findings showed that the organoid-on-chip models more closely resembled patient tumors at the transcriptional level, surpassing organoids alone. Using 'omics' methods and live-cell imaging, we observed heightened responsiveness of KRAS mutant tumors to TME mechanical forces. These tumors also utilized the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter as an energy source, increasing their invasiveness. This bioengineered model holds promise for advancing our understanding of cancer progression and improving CRC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Strelez
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Perez
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John S Chlystek
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Ah Young Yoon
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bethany Haliday
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Curran Shah
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kimya Ghaffarian
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ren X Sun
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Jiang
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roy Lau
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Schatz
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan E Katz
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shannon M Mumenthaler
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Zhao L, Liu M, Sun H, Yang JC, Huang YX, Huang JQ, Lei X, Sun LH. Selenium deficiency-induced multiple tissue damage with dysregulation of immune and redox homeostasis in broiler chicks under heat stress. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2056-2069. [PMID: 36795182 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2226-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Broiler chicks are fast-growing and susceptible to dietary selenium (Se) deficiency. This study sought to reveal the underlying mechanisms of how Se deficiency induces key organ dysfunctions in broilers. Day-old male chicks (n=6 cages/diet, 6 chicks/cage) were fed with a Se-deficient diet (Se-Def, 0.047 mg Se/kg) or the Se-Def+0.3 mg Se/kg (Control, 0.345 mg Se/kg) for 6 weeks. The serum, liver, pancreas, spleen, heart, and pectoral muscle of the broilers were collected at week 6 to assay for Se concentration, histopathology, serum metabolome, and tissue transcriptome. Compared with the Control group, Se deficiency induced growth retardation and histopathological lesions and reduced Se concentration in the five organs. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis revealed that dysregulation of immune and redox homeostasis related biological processes and pathways contributed to Se deficiency-induced multiple tissue damage in the broilers. Meanwhile, four metabolites in the serum, daidzein, epinephrine, L-aspartic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, interacted with differentially expressed genes with antioxidative effects and immunity among all the five organs, which contributed to the metabolic diseases induced by Se deficiency. Overall, this study systematically elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Se deficiency-related diseases, which provides a better understanding of the significance of Se-mediated heath in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xingen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Mengoli M, Conti G, Fabbrini M, Candela M, Brigidi P, Turroni S, Barone M. Microbiota-gut-brain axis and ketogenic diet: how close are we to tackling epilepsy? MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:32. [PMID: 38045924 PMCID: PMC10688818 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis refers to the intricate bidirectional communication between commensal microorganisms residing in the digestive tract and the central nervous system, along neuroendocrine, metabolic, immune, and inflammatory pathways. This axis has been suggested to play a role in several neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy, paving the way for microbiome-based intervention strategies for the mitigation and treatment of symptoms. Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological condition affecting more than 50 million individuals worldwide, 30% of whom do not respond to conventional pharmacological therapies. Among the first-hand microbiota modulation strategies, nutritional interventions represent an easily applicable option in both clinical and home settings. In this narrative review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis involvement in epilepsy, discuss the impact of antiepileptic drugs on the gut microbiome, and then the impact of a particular dietary pattern, the ketogenic diet, on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in epileptic patients. The investigation of the microbiota response to non-pharmacological therapies is an ever-expanding field with the potential to allow the design of increasingly accessible and successful intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Mengoli
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Gabriele Conti
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Marco Fabbrini
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
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Ullah H, Arbab S, Tian Y, Liu CQ, Chen Y, Qijie L, Khan MIU, Hassan IU, Li K. The gut microbiota-brain axis in neurological disorder. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1225875. [PMID: 37600019 PMCID: PMC10436500 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1225875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of the host. Microbiota communicate with different organs of the organism by synthesizing hormones and regulating body activity. The interaction of the central nervous system (CNS) and gut signaling pathways includes chemical, neural immune and endocrine routes. Alteration or dysbiosis in the gut microbiota leads to different gastrointestinal tract disorders that ultimately impact host physiology because of the abnormal microbial metabolites that stimulate and trigger different physiologic reactions in the host body. Intestinal dysbiosis leads to a change in the bidirectional relationship between the CNS and GM, which is linked to the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. Increasing preclinical and clinical studies/evidence indicate that gut microbes are a possible susceptibility factor for the progression of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this review, we discuss the crucial connection between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system, the signaling pathways of multiple biological systems and the contribution of gut microbiota-related neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Ullah
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Safia Arbab
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yali Tian
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang-qing Liu
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Qijie
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Inayat Ullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Inam Ul Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Ka Li
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Kim JS, Chen MH, Wang HE, Lu CL, Wang YP, Zhang B. Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Gut Liver 2023; 17:495-504. [PMID: 36843420 PMCID: PMC10352055 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has demonstrated an intricate association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and neurodegenerative conditions, expanding beyond previous foci of comorbidities between IBD and mood disorders. These new discoveries stem from an improved understanding of the gut-microbiome-brain axis: specifically, the ability of the intestinal microbiota to modulate inflammation and regulate neuromodulatory compounds. Clinical retrospective studies incorporating large sample sizes and population-based cohorts have demonstrated and confirmed the relevance of IBD and chronic neurodegeneration in clinical medicine. In this review, we expound upon the current knowledge on the gut-microbiome-brain axis, highlighting several plausible mechanisms linking IBD with neurodegeneration. We also summarize the known associations between IBD with Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia and ischemic stroke, and multiple sclerosis in a clinical context. Finally, we discuss the implications of an improved understanding of the gut-microbiome-brain axis in preventing, diagnosing, and managing neurodegeneration among IBD and non-IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun Kim
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hohui E. Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Liang Lu
- Institute of Brain Science, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Wang
- Institute of Brain Science, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Karpiński P, Żebrowska-Różańska P, Kujawa D, Łaczmański Ł, Samochowiec J, Jabłoński M, Plichta P, Piotrowski P, Bielawski T, Misiak B. Gut microbiota alterations in schizophrenia might be related to stress exposure: Findings from the machine learning analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 155:106335. [PMID: 37467542 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Specific mechanisms underlying gut microbiota alterations in schizophrenia remain unknown. We aimed to compare gut microbiota between patients with schizophrenia and controls, taking into consideration exposure stress across lifespan, dietary habits, metabolic parameters and clinical manifestation. A total of 142 participants, including 89 patients with schizophrenia and 52 controls, were recruited. Gut microbiota were analyzed using the 16 S rRNA sequencing. Additionally, biochemical parameters related to glucose homeostasis, lipid profile and inflammation were assessed. Increased abundance of Lactobacillus and Limosilactobacillus as well as decreased abundance of Faecalibacterium and Paraprevotella were found in patients with schizophrenia. The machine learning analysis demonstrated that between-group differences in gut microbiota were associated with psychosocial stress (a history of childhood trauma, greater cumulative exposure to stress across lifespan and higher level of perceived stress), poor nutrition (lower consumption of vegetables and fish products), lipid profile alterations (lower levels of high-density lipoproteins) and cognitive impairment (worse performance of attention). Our findings indicate that gut microbiota alterations in patients with schizophrenia, including increased abundance of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus and Limosilactobacillus) and decreased abundance of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids (Faecalibacterium and Paraprevotella) might be associated with exposure to stress, poor dietary habits, lipid profile alterations and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Karpiński
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Żebrowska-Różańska
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Kujawa
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łaczmański
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marcin Jabłoński
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Plichta
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patryk Piotrowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bielawski
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Fu Y, Waghray N, Fass R, Song G. Diagnostic Implications of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Is an Independent Risk Factor for Undergoing Surgical Interventions in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13111901. [PMID: 37296752 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can present with overlapping symptoms, making diagnosis and management challenging. Patients with IBD in remission may continue to experience IBS symptoms. Patients with IBS were found to have a disproportionately higher prevalence of abdominal and pelvic surgeries than the general population. AIMS The aim of this study was to determine whether IBS is a risk factor for undergoing surgical interventions in patients with IBD and explore the diagnostic implications of these findings. METHODS A population-based cohort analysis was performed using TriNetX. Patients with Crohn's disease + IBS (CD + IBS) and ulcerative colitis + IBS (UC + IBS) were identified. The control groups consisted of patients with CD or UC alone without IBS. The main outcome was to compare the risks of undergoing surgical interventions between the cohorts. The secondary outcomes were to compare the risks of developing gastrointestinal symptoms and IBD-related complications between the cohorts. RESULTS Patients with IBD who subsequently developed IBS were more likely to experience gastrointestinal symptoms than those without IBS (p < 0.0001). Patients with concomitant IBD and IBS were more likely to develop IBD-related complications, including perforation of the intestine, gastrointestinal bleeding, colon cancer, and abdominal abscess (p < 0.05). Patients with concomitant IBD and IBS were more likely to undergo surgical interventions than patients without IBS, including colectomy, appendectomy, cholecystectomy, exploratory laparotomy, and hysterectomy (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS IBS appears to be an independent risk factor for patients with IBD to develop IBD-related complications and undergo surgical interventions. Patients with concomitant IBD and IBS could represent a unique subgroup of IBD patients with more severe symptoms, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and management in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Nisheet Waghray
- Department of Gastroenterology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Ronnie Fass
- Department of Gastroenterology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Gengqing Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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Lv R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Dong N, Wang X, He Y, Yue H, Yin Q. Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:218. [PMID: 37230968 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common breathing disorder in sleep in which the airways narrow or collapse during sleep, causing obstructive sleep apnea. The prevalence of OSAS continues to rise worldwide, particularly in middle-aged and elderly individuals. The mechanism of upper airway collapse is incompletely understood but is associated with several factors, including obesity, craniofacial changes, altered muscle function in the upper airway, pharyngeal neuropathy, and fluid shifts to the neck. The main characteristics of OSAS are recurrent pauses in respiration, which lead to intermittent hypoxia (IH) and hypercapnia, accompanied by blood oxygen desaturation and arousal during sleep, which sharply increases the risk of several diseases. This paper first briefly describes the epidemiology, incidence, and pathophysiological mechanisms of OSAS. Next, the alterations in relevant signaling pathways induced by IH are systematically reviewed and discussed. For example, IH can induce gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis, impair the intestinal barrier, and alter intestinal metabolites. These mechanisms ultimately lead to secondary oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and sympathetic activation. We then summarize the effects of IH on disease pathogenesis, including cardiocerebrovascular disorders, neurological disorders, metabolic diseases, cancer, reproductive disorders, and COVID-19. Finally, different therapeutic strategies for OSAS caused by different causes are proposed. Multidisciplinary approaches and shared decision-making are necessary for the successful treatment of OSAS in the future, but more randomized controlled trials are needed for further evaluation to define what treatments are best for specific OSAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Lv
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, the 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Na Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yao He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongmei Yue
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.
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Perez MG, Tanasie G, Neree AT, Suarez NG, Lafortune C, Paquin J, Marcocci L, Pietrangeli P, Annabi B, Mateescu MA. P19-derived neuronal cells express H 1, H 2, and H 3 histamine receptors: a biopharmaceutical approach to evaluate antihistamine agents. Amino Acids 2023:10.1007/s00726-023-03273-6. [PMID: 37171719 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Histamine is a biogenic amine implicated in various biological and pathological processes. Convenient cellular models are needed to screen and develop new antihistamine agents. This report aimed to characterize the response of neurons differentiated from mouse P19 embryonal carcinoma cells to histamine treatment, and to investigate the modulation of this response by antihistamine drugs, vegetal diamine oxidase, and catalase. The exposure of P19 neurons to histamine reduced cell viability to 65% maximally. This effect involves specific histamine receptors, since it was prevented by treatment with desloratadine and cimetidine, respectively, H1 and H2 antagonists, but not by the H3 antagonist ciproxifan. RT-PCR analysis showed that P19 neurons express H1 and H2 receptors, and the H3 receptor, although it seemed not involved in the histamine effect on these cells. The H4 receptor was not expressed. H1 and H2 antagonists as well as vegetal diamine oxidase diminished the intracellular Ca2+ mobilization triggered by histamine. The treatment with vegetal diamine oxidase or catalase protected against mortality and a significant reduction of H2O2 level, generated from the cells under the histamine action, was found upon treatments with desloratadine, cimetidine, vegetal diamine oxidase, or catalase. Overall, the results indicate the expression of functional histamine receptors and open the possibility of using P19 neurons as model system to study the roles of histamine and related drugs in neuronal pathogenesis. This model is less expensive to operate and can be easily implemented by current laboratories of analysis and by Contract Research Organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Gomez Perez
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Georgiana Tanasie
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Armelle Tchoumi Neree
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Narjara Gonzalez Suarez
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
- Chaire en Prévention et Traitement du Cancer, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Clara Lafortune
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Joanne Paquin
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Lucia Marcocci
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Pietrangeli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Borhane Annabi
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
- Chaire en Prévention et Traitement du Cancer, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Mircea Alexandru Mateescu
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
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Papantoniou K, Michailides C, Bali M, Papantoniou P, Thomopoulos K. Gastrointestinal bleeding in athletes. Ann Gastroenterol 2023; 36:267-274. [PMID: 37144023 PMCID: PMC10152804 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2023.0788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (GIB) in athletes has previously been reported in several studies, as an important factor of underperformance in competitive sports events. Yet it is still underreported, partly because it is usually occult and self-limited soon after the effort. It can originate in either the upper or the lower GI tract and can be proportionally related to the amount and duration of effort. Key pathophysiological factors seem to include splanchnic hypoperfusion, mechanical trauma of the GI wall, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Appropriate nutrition, hydration and regulation of exercise, along with substances such as arginine and citrulline can relieve upper and lower GI symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, cramping, diarrhea, and possibly hemorrhage. Cessation of NSAIDs, use of proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor-antagonists, as well as "training" the gut, also seem to be effective in reducing the incidence of GIB in athletes. Maintenance of hemodynamic stability and identification of the source of bleeding are key elements in the management of this condition. Endoscopy might be necessary for both. GIB should not be immediately attributed to endurance exercise, and endoscopy should always be performed to rule out other existing pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Papantoniou
- Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital of Patras (Konstantinos Papantoniou, Christos Michailides, Maria Bali)
| | - Christos Michailides
- Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital of Patras (Konstantinos Papantoniou, Christos Michailides, Maria Bali)
| | - Maria Bali
- Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital of Patras (Konstantinos Papantoniou, Christos Michailides, Maria Bali)
| | | | - Konstantinos Thomopoulos
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Patras (Konstantinos Thomopoulos), Greece
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Mistareehi A, Bendowski KT, Bizanti A, Madas J, Zhang Y, Kwiat AM, Nguyen D, Kogut N, Ma J, Chen J, Cheng ZJ. Topographical distribution and morphology of SP-IR axons in the antrum, pylorus, and duodenum of mice. Auton Neurosci 2023; 246:103074. [PMID: 36804650 PMCID: PMC10515648 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Substance-P (SP) is a commonly used marker of nociceptive afferent axons, and it plays an important role in a variety of physiological functions including the regulation of motility, gut secretion, and vascular flow. Previously, we found that SP-immunoreactive (SP-IR) axons densely innervated the pyloric antrum of the flat-mount of the mouse whole stomach muscular layer. However, the regional distribution and morphology of SP-IR axons in the submucosa and mucosa were not well documented. In this study, the mouse antrum-pylorus-duodenum (APD) were transversely and longitudinally sectioned. A Zeiss M2 imager was used to scan the serial sections of each APD (each section montage consisted of 50-100 all-in-focus maximal projection images). To determine the detailed structures of SP-IR axons and terminals, we used the confocal microscope to scan the regions of interest. We found that 1) SP-IR axons innervated the muscular, submucosal, and mucosal layers. 2) In the muscular layer, SP-IR varicose axons densely innervated the muscles and formed varicose terminals which encircled myenteric neurons. 3) In the submucosa, SP-IR axons innervated blood vessels and submucosal ganglia and formed a network in Brunner's glands. 4) In the mucosa, SP-IR axons innervated the muscularis mucosae. Some SP-IR axons entered the lamina propria. 5) The muscular layer of the antrum and duodenum showed a higher SP-IR axon density than the pyloric sphincter. 6) SP-IR axons were from extrinsic and intrinsic origins. This work provided a comprehensive view of the distribution and morphology of SP-IR axons in the APD at single cell/axon/varicosity scale. This data will be used to create a 3D scaffold of the SP-IR axon innervation of the APD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Mistareehi
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Kohlton T Bendowski
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Ariege Bizanti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Jazune Madas
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Andrew M Kwiat
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Duyen Nguyen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Nicole Kogut
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Jichao Ma
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Jin Chen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Zixi Jack Cheng
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America.
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Goodkin K, Evering TH, Anderson AM, Ragin A, Monaco CL, Gavegnano C, Avery RJ, Rourke SB, Cysique LA, Brew BJ. The comorbidity of depression and neurocognitive disorder in persons with HIV infection: call for investigation and treatment. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1130938. [PMID: 37206666 PMCID: PMC10190964 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1130938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and neurocognitive disorder continue to be the major neuropsychiatric disorders affecting persons with HIV (PWH). The prevalence of major depressive disorder is two to fourfold higher among PWH than the general population (∼6.7%). Prevalence estimates of neurocognitive disorder among PWH range from 25 to over 47% - depending upon the definition used (which is currently evolving), the size of the test battery employed, and the demographic and HIV disease characteristics of the participants included, such as age range and sex distribution. Both major depressive disorder and neurocognitive disorder also result in substantial morbidity and premature mortality. However, though anticipated to be relatively common, the comorbidity of these two disorders in PWH has not been formally studied. This is partly due to the clinical overlap of the neurocognitive symptoms of these two disorders. Both also share neurobehavioral aspects - particularly apathy - as well as an increased risk for non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Shared pathophysiological mechanisms potentially explain these intersecting phenotypes, including neuroinflammatory, vascular, and microbiomic, as well as neuroendocrine/neurotransmitter dynamic mechanisms. Treatment of either disorder affects the other with respect to symptom reduction as well as medication toxicity. We present a unified model for the comorbidity based upon deficits in dopaminergic transmission that occur in both major depressive disorder and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Specific treatments for the comorbidity that decrease neuroinflammation and/or restore associated deficits in dopaminergic transmission may be indicated and merit study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Goodkin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, United States
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, United States
| | - Teresa H. Evering
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Albert M. Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ann Ragin
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cynthia L. Monaco
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
- Del Monte Institute of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Chemical Biology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Atlanta Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan J. Avery
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sean B. Rourke
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lucette A. Cysique
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce J. Brew
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Wasiak J, Gawlik-Kotelnicka O. Intestinal permeability and its significance in psychiatric disorders - a narrative review and future perspectives. Behav Brain Res 2023; 448:114459. [PMID: 37121278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The topic of increased intestinal permeability and its impact on the human body is. increasingly being addressed by researchers. It is associated with disruption of the. intestinal barrier, leading to the "leaky gut" syndrome. This can be assessed by. classical methods, determining the concentration of orally administered tracer. molecules in urine or by using biomarkers such as LPS, LBP or zonulin in blood. plasma. The presence of bacterial endotoxins in the body causes inflammation. In this. article, we review research on increased intestinal permeability in psychiatric illness. mood disorders, schizophrenia, alcohol dependence, anxiety disorders,. neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. The results of the studies used. to assess intestinal permeability in different disease entities are presented. Possible. mechanisms for these interactions are the effects of chronic, low-grade inflammation. on the human brain, causing interruption of the brain blood barrier and dysfunction of. astrocytes and microglia. This affects brain function by reducing the number of. dopaminergic neurons, disrupting tryptophan metabolism and altering the amount of. GABA and glutamate. The links and mechanisms found may, in the future, allow earlier. detection of diseases and their targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wasiak
- Medical University of Lodz, Kosciuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 8/10, 92-216 Lodz, Poland.
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77
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Zhang S, Cai H, Wang C, Zhu J, Yu Y. Sex-dependent gut microbiota-brain-cognition associations: a multimodal MRI study. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:169. [PMID: 37106317 PMCID: PMC10134644 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the brain. Empirical evidence has demonstrated sex differences in both the gut microbiome and the brain. However, the effects of sex on the gut microbiota-brain associations have yet to be determined. We aim to elucidate the sex-specific effects of gut microbiota on brain and cognition. METHODS One hundred fifty-seven healthy young adults underwent brain structural, perfusion, functional and diffusion MRIs to measure gray matter volume (GMV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), functional connectivity strength (FCS) and white matter integrity, respectively. Fecal samples were collected and 16S amplicon sequencing was utilized to assess gut microbial diversity. Correlation analyses were conducted to test for sex-dependent associations between microbial diversity and brain imaging parameters, and mediation analysis was performed to further characterize the gut microbiota-brain-cognition relationship. RESULTS We found that higher gut microbial diversity was associated with higher GMV in the right cerebellum VI, higher CBF in the bilateral calcarine sulcus yet lower CBF in the left superior frontal gyrus, higher FCS in the bilateral paracentral lobule, and lower diffusivity in widespread white matter regions in males. However, these associations were absent in females. Of more importance, these neuroimaging biomarkers significantly mediated the association between gut microbial diversity and behavioral inhibition in males. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight sex as a potential influential factor underlying the gut microbiota-brain-cognition relationship, and expose the gut microbiota as a biomarker-driven and sex-sensitive intervention target for mental disorders with abnormal behavioral inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272007, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230022, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China.
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78
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Homer B, Judd J, Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh M, Ebrahimie E, Trott DJ. Gut Microbiota and Behavioural Issues in Production, Performance, and Companion Animals: A Systematic Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091458. [PMID: 37174495 PMCID: PMC10177538 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature has identified poor nutrition as the leading factor in the manifestation of many behavioural issues in animals, including aggression, hyperalertness, and stereotypies. Literature focused on all species of interest consistently reported that although there were no significant differences in the richness of specific bacterial taxa in the microbiota of individual subjects with abnormal behaviour (termed alpha diversity), there was variability in species diversity between these subjects compared to controls (termed beta diversity). As seen in humans with mental disorders, animals exhibiting abnormal behaviour often have an enrichment of pro-inflammatory and lactic acid-producing bacteria and a reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria. It is evident from the literature that an association exists between gut microbiota diversity (and by extension, the concurrent production of microbial metabolites) and abnormal behavioural phenotypes across various species, including pigs, dogs, and horses. Similar microbiota population changes are also evident in human mental health patients. However, there are insufficient data to identify this association as a cause or effect. This review provides testable hypotheses for future research to establish causal relationships between gut microbiota and behavioural issues in animals, offering promising potential for the development of novel therapeutic and/or preventative interventions aimed at restoring a healthy gut-brain-immune axis to mitigate behavioural issues and, in turn, improve health, performance, and production in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Homer
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Jackson Judd
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
| | | | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
- Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Darren J Trott
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
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López-Pingarrón L, Almeida H, Soria-Aznar M, Reyes-Gonzales MC, Terrón MP, García JJ. Role of Oxidative Stress on the Etiology and Pathophysiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Its Relation with the Enteric Nervous System. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3315-3332. [PMID: 37185741 PMCID: PMC10136958 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons in the spinal cord, cerebral cortex, and medulla oblongata. Most patients present a clinical phenotype of classic ALS-with predominant atrophy, muscle weakness, and fasciculations-and survival of 3 to 5 years following diagnosis. In the present review, we performed a literature search to provide an update on the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms involved in ALS. There are two types of ALS: the familial form with genetic involvement, and the sporadic form with a multifactorial origin. ALS pathophysiology is characterized by involvement of multiple processes, including oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation. Moreover, it is proposed that conditioning risk factors affect ALS development, such as susceptibility to neurodegeneration in motor neurons, the intensity of performed physical activity, and intestinal dysbiosis with involvement of the enteric nervous system, which supports the existing theories of disease generation. To improve patients' prognosis and survival, it is necessary to further deepen our understanding of the etiopathogenesis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura López-Pingarrón
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Henrique Almeida
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto University, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital-CUF Porto, 4100-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisol Soria-Aznar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marcos C Reyes-Gonzales
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Pilar Terrón
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Badajoz, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Joaquín J García
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Hammad AM, Alhusban AA, Alzaghari LF, Alasmari F, Sari Y. Effect of Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Aspirin Treatment on Neurotransmitters’ Tissue Content in Rats’ Hippocampus and Amygdala. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040515. [PMID: 37110173 PMCID: PMC10145483 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke withdrawal can cause anxiety-like behavior and modulate neurotransmitter-related proteins in the brain. We examined the effects of cigarette smoke with and without aspirin treatment on the concentrations of neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA in the amygdala and hippocampus. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four different groups: (1) control group exposed only to standard room air, (2) cigarette smoke exposed group treated with saline vehicle, (3) cigarette smoke exposed group treated with aspirin (30 mg/kg), and (4) control group treated only with aspirin (30 mg/kg). Cigarette smoke exposure was performed for 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 31 days. Behavioral testing was carried out weekly, 24 h after cigarette smoke exposure, during acute withdrawal. At the end of week 4, rats were given either distilled water (1 mL) or aspirin 45 min before cigarette exposure for 11 days. Dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA were extracted from both the amygdala and hippocampus and were separated and quantified using a developed and validated HPLC-MS/MS method. Cigarette smoke withdrawal induced anxiety behaviors, and aspirin treatment reduced this effect. Cigarette smoke exposure increased tissue content of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA, and aspirin treatment reversed this effect. Cigarette smoke caused an increase in tissue content of several neurotransmitters as well as anxiety-like behavior, and these effects were normalized by aspirin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Hammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Ala A. Alhusban
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Lujain F. Alzaghari
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef Sari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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Lama Tamang R, Juritsch AF, Ahmad R, Salomon JD, Dhawan P, Ramer-Tait AE, Singh AB. The diet-microbiota axis: a key regulator of intestinal permeability in human health and disease. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2077069. [PMID: 35603609 PMCID: PMC10161950 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2077069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier orchestrates selective permeability to nutrients and metabolites while excluding noxious stimuli. Recent scientific advances establishing a causal role for the gut microbiota in human health outcomes have generated a resurgent interest toward intestinal permeability. Considering the well-established role of the gut barrier in protection against foreign antigens, there is mounting evidence for a causal link between gut permeability and the microbiome in regulating human health. However, an understanding of the dynamic host-microbiota interactions that govern intestinal barrier functions remains poorly defined. Furthermore, the system-level mechanisms by which microbiome-targeted therapies, such as probiotics and prebiotics, simultaneously promote intestinal barrier function and host health remain an area of active investigation. This review summarizes the recent advances in understanding the dynamics of intestinal permeability in human health and its integration with gut microbiota. We further summarize mechanisms by which probiotics/prebiotics influence the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Lama Tamang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Anthony F. Juritsch
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Salomon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Amanda E. Ramer-Tait
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Amar B. Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson's syndrome: a phase 2, single centre, randomised clinical trial. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 58:101888. [PMID: 36969340 PMCID: PMC10034412 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has demonstrated efficacy in treating gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, such as Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GI dysfunction is a frequent and occasionally dominating symptom of progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS). However, it is not known whether FMT has clinical efficacy for PSP-RS. Methods This 36-week, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 clinical trial was performed at a university tertiary referral hospital in China. From August 15 2021 to December 31 2021, a total of 68 newly diagnosed patients with PSP-RS (male 40 [59%], female 28 [41%]) who had never received any antiparkinsonian medications were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either healthy donor FMT (n = 34, FMT group) or a mixture of 0.9% saline and food colouring (E150c) as sham transplantation (n = 34, placebo group) through transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET). Two days after oral antibiotics, participants received 1 week of transplantation. After an interval of 4 weeks, retransplantation was performed. Then, the last transplantation was given after another interval of 4 weeks, and the participants were followed up for 24 weeks (week 36). Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR-2100045397. Findings Among 68 patients who were randomised (mean age, 67.2 (SD 5.1); 40 [59%] were male, 28 [41%] were female), 63 participants completed the trial. Efficacy analyses were performed on the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis set. At week 16, the mean PSP Rating Scale (PSPRS) scores (the primary outcome) improved from 40.1 (SD 7.6) to 36.9 (SD 5.9) in the FMT group, whereas the scores changed from 40.1 (SD 6.9) to 41.7 (SD 6.2) in the placebo group, for a treatment benefit of 4.3 (95% CI, 3.2-5.4) (P < 0.0001). After 3-cycle intervention, symptoms of constipation, depression, and anxiety (the secondary outcome) improved significantly at week 16 in the FMT group compared with the placebo group, the majority of which were maintained at the 24-week follow-up (week 36). Interpretation Our findings suggest that, compared with placebo, FMT treatment significantly improved motor and nonmotor symptoms in patients with PSP-RS, as well as reduced intestinal inflammation and enhanced the intestinal barrier by regulating the intestinal microbiota composition. Funding The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82122022, 82171248, 81873791, and 82230084), Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province for Excellent Young Scholars (no. 202300410357), and Henan Province Young and Middle-Aged Health Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project (YXKC2020033).
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83
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Liang L, Saunders C, Sanossian N. Food, gut barrier dysfunction, and related diseases: A new target for future individualized disease prevention and management. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1671-1704. [PMID: 37051344 PMCID: PMC10084985 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of gut barrier is known as "leaky gut" or increased intestinal permeability. Numerous recent scientific evidences showed the association between gut dysfunction and multiple gastrointestinal tract (GI) and non-GI diseases. Research also demonstrated that food plays a crucial role to cause or remedy gut dysfunction related to diseases. We reviewed recent articles from electronic databases, mainly PubMed. The data were based on animal models, cell models, and human research in vivo and in vitro models. In this comprehensive review, our aim focused on the relationship between dietary factors, intestinal permeability dysfunction, and related diseases. This review synthesizes currently available literature and is discussed in three parts: (a) the mechanism of gut barrier and function, (b) food and dietary supplements that may promote gut health, and food or medication that may alter gut function, and (c) a table that organizes the synthesized information by general mechanisms for diseases related to leaky gut/intestinal permeability and associated dietary influences. With future research, dietary intervention could be a new target for individualized disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Liang
- University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Nerses Sanossian
- Department of NeurologyMedical School of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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84
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Roy A, De SK, Dey S, Bhattacharya M, Satpati B, Senapati D. Resultant inward imbalanced seeding force (RIISF)-induced concave gold nanostar (CAuNS) for non-enzymatic electrocatalytic detection of serotonin and Kynurenine in human serum. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1248:340908. [PMID: 36813459 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CTAC-based gold nanoseed-induced concave curvature evolution of surface boundary planes from concave gold nanocube (CAuNC) to concave gold nanostar (CAuNS) has been achieved by a novel synthetic methodology simply by controlling the extent of seed used and hence the generated 'Resultant Inward Imbalanced Seeding Force (RIISF)'. The resultant CAuNS shows an excellent enhancement in catalytic activity compared to CAuNC and other intermediates as a function of curvature-induced anisotropy. Detailed characterization evaluates the presence of an enhanced number of multiple defect sites, high energy facets, larger surface area, and roughened surface which ultimately results in an increased mechanical strain, coordinately unsaturation, and multifacet-oriented anisotropic behavior suitable for positive influence on the binding affinity of CAuNSs. While different crystalline and structural parameters improve their catalytic activity, the resultant uniform three-dimensional (3D) platform shows comparatively easy pliability and well absorptivity on the glassy carbon electrode surface for increased shelf life, a uniform structure to confine a large extent of stoichiometric systems, and long-term stability under ambient conditions for making this newly developed material a unique nonenzymatic scalable universal electrocatalytic platform. With the help of various electrochemical measurements, the ability of the platform has been established by performing highly specific and sensitive detection of the two most important human bio messengers: Serotonin (STN) and Kynurenine (KYN) which are metabolites of L-Tryptophan in the human body system. The present study mechanistically surveys the role of seed-induced RIISF-modulated anisotropy in controlling the catalytic activity which offers a universal 3D electrocatalytic sensing tenet by an electrocatalytic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Roy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Sandip Kumar De
- Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Suman Dey
- Surface Physics and Material Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Maireyee Bhattacharya
- Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Biswarup Satpati
- Surface Physics and Material Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Dulal Senapati
- Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India.
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Kwami Edem Kukuia K, Boakye Burns F, Kofi Adutwum-Ofosu K, Appiah F, Kwabena Amponsah S, Begyinah R, Efua Koomson A, Yaw Takyi F, Amatey Tagoe T, Amoateng P. Increased BDNF and hippocampal dendritic spine density are associated with the rapid antidepressant-like effect of iron-citalopram and iron-imipramine combinations in mice. Neuroscience 2023; 519:90-106. [PMID: 36948482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Iron supplementation previously demonstrated antidepressant-like effects in post-partum rats. The present study evaluates the possible synergistic antidepressant effect of sub-therapeutic dose of iron co-administered with citalopram or imipramine in female Institute of Cancer Research mice. Depression-like symptoms were induced in the forced swim (FST), tail suspension (TST), and open space swim (OSST) tests while open field test (OFT) was used to assess locomotor activity. Mice (n=8) received iron (0.8- 7.2 mg/kg), citalopram (3-30 mg/kg), imipramine (3-30 mg/kg), desferrioxamine (50 mg/kg) or saline in the single treatment phase of each model and subsequently a sub-therapeutic dose of iron co-administered with citalopram or imipramine. Assessment of serum BDNF and dendritic spine density was done using ELISA and Golgi staining techniques respectively. Iron, citalopram and imipramine, unlike desferrioxamine, reduced immobility score in the TST, FST and OSST without affecting locomotor activity, suggesting antidepressant-like effect. Sub-therapeutic dose of iron in combination with citalopram or imipramine further enhanced the antidepressant-like effect, producing a more rapid effect when compared to the iron, citalopram or imipramine alone. Iron, citalopram and imipramine or their combinations increased serum BDNF concentration, hippocampal neuronal count and dendritic spine densities. Our study provides experimental evidence that iron has antidepressant-like effect and sub-therapeutic dose of iron combined with citalopram or imipramine produces more rapid antidepressant-like effect. We further show that iron alone or its combination with citalopram or imipramine attenuates the neuronal loss associated with depressive conditions, increases dendritic spines density and BDNF levels. These finding suggest iron-induced neuronal plasticity in the mice brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennedy Kwami Edem Kukuia
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Frederick Boakye Burns
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Kevin Kofi Adutwum-Ofosu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Frimpong Appiah
- Department of Community Health and Medicine, School of Food and Health Sciences, Anglican University College of Technology, Nkoranza, Ghana.
| | - Seth Kwabena Amponsah
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Richard Begyinah
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Awo Efua Koomson
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Ferka Yaw Takyi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Thomas Amatey Tagoe
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Patrick Amoateng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
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Blin J, Gautier C, Aubert P, Durand T, Oullier T, Aymeric L, Naveilhan P, Masson D, Neunlist M, Bach-Ngohou K. Psychological stress induces an increase in cholinergic enteric neuromuscular pathways mediated by glucocorticoid receptors. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1100473. [PMID: 36866332 PMCID: PMC9971731 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Repeated acute stress (RASt) is known to be associated with gastrointestinal dysfunctions. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects have not yet been fully understood. While glucocorticoids are clearly identified as stress hormones, their involvement in RASt-induced gut dysfunctions remains unclear, as does the function of glucocorticoid receptors (GR). The aim of our study was to evaluate the involvement of GR on RASt-induced changes in gut motility, particularly through the enteric nervous system (ENS). Methods Using a murine water avoidance stress (WAS) model, we characterized the impact of RASt upon the ENS phenotype and colonic motility. We then evaluated the expression of glucocorticoid receptors in the ENS and their functional impact upon RASt-induced changes in ENS phenotype and motor response. Results We showed that GR were expressed in myenteric neurons in the distal colon under basal conditions, and that RASt enhanced their nuclear translocation. RASt increased the proportion of ChAT-immunoreactive neurons, the tissue concentration of acetylcholine and enhanced cholinergic neuromuscular transmission as compared to controls. Finally, we showed that a GR-specific antagonist (CORT108297) prevented the increase of acetylcholine colonic tissue level and in vivo colonic motility. Discussion Our study suggests that RASt-induced functional changes in motility are, at least partly, due to a GR-dependent enhanced cholinergic component in the ENS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Blin
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Department of Biochemistry, Nantes, France,*Correspondence: Justine Blin,
| | - Camille Gautier
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Aubert
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Tony Durand
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Thibauld Oullier
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Aymeric
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France,Université d’Angers, Department of Biology, Angers, France
| | - Philippe Naveilhan
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Damien Masson
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Department of Biochemistry, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France,Michel Neunlist,
| | - Kalyane Bach-Ngohou
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes, France,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Department of Biochemistry, Nantes, France,Kalyane Bach-Ngohou,
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Song S, Tu D, Meng C, Liu J, Wilson B, Wang Q, Shih YYI, Gao HM, Hong JS. Dysfunction of the noradrenergic system drives inflammation, α-synucleinopathy, and neuronal loss in mouse colon. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1083513. [PMID: 36845109 PMCID: PMC9950510 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1083513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and pathological evidence revealed that α-synuclein (α-syn) pathology seen in PD patients starts in the gut and spreads via anatomically connected structures from the gut to the brain. Our previous study demonstrated that depletion of central norepinephrine (NE) disrupted brain immune homeostasis, producing a spatiotemporal order of neurodegeneration in the mouse brain. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the role of peripheral noradrenergic system in the maintenance of gut immune homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of PD and 2) to investigate whether NE-depletion induced PD-like α-syn pathological changes starts from the gut. For these purposes, we investigated time-dependent changes of α-synucleinopathy and neuronal loss in the gut following a single injection of DSP-4 (a selective noradrenergic neurotoxin) to A53T-SNCA (human mutant α-syn) over-expression mice. We found DPS-4 significantly reduced the tissue level of NE and increased immune activities in gut, characterized by increased number of phagocytes and proinflammatory gene expression. Furthermore, a rapid-onset of α-syn pathology was observed in enteric neurons after 2 weeks and delayed dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra was detected after 3-5 months, associated with the appearance of constipation and impaired motor function, respectively. The increased α-syn pathology was only observed in large, but not in the small, intestine, which is similar to what was observed in PD patients. Mechanistic studies reveal that DSP-4-elicited upregulation of NADPH oxidase (NOX2) initially occurred only in immune cells during the acute intestinal inflammation stage, and then spread to enteric neurons and mucosal epithelial cells during the chronic inflammation stage. The upregulation of neuronal NOX2 correlated well with the extent of α-syn aggregation and subsequent enteric neuronal loss, suggesting that NOX2-generated reactive oxygen species play a key role in α-synucleinopathy. Moreover, inhibiting NOX2 by diphenyleneiodonium or restoring NE function by salmeterol (a β2-receptor agonist) significantly attenuated colon inflammation, α-syn aggregation/propagation, and enteric neurodegeneration in the colon and ameliorated subsequent behavioral deficits. Taken together, our model of PD shows a progressive pattern of pathological changes from the gut to the brain and suggests a potential role of the noradrenergic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Song
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Dezhen Tu
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Institute for Brain Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengbo Meng
- In Vivo Neurobiology Group, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Jie Liu
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Belinda Wilson
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Qingshan Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R & D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Hui-Ming Gao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Institute for Brain Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jau-Shyong Hong
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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Wang ZJ, Chen LH, Xu J, Xu QX, Xu W, Yang XW. Corylin ameliorates chronic ulcerative colitis via regulating the gut-brain axis and promoting 5-hydroxytryptophan production in the colon. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154651. [PMID: 36634380 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic ulcerative colitis (UC) is a lifelong disease, patients with chronic UC have a high prevalence of common mental disorders. The increasing interest in the role of gut-brain axis is seen in inflammatory bowel diseases. PURPOSE Corylin is a representative flavonoid compound isolated from the Psoraleae Fructus. This study aimed to identify the effects and mechanism of corylin on the inflammation interactions and 5-HT synthesis between the gut and brain in chronic UC. METHODS Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced chronic UC mouse model was established to assess the therapeutic effect of corylin on chronic UC symptoms. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was detected in the colon and brain. The expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins of intestinal mucosal barrier and blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) in the hippocampus were determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. In addition, several tryptophan (Trp) metabolites and related neurotransmitters in faeces, colon, serum, and brain were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. The interaction between corylin and 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase (5-HTPDC) was performed by molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Finally, the changes of gut microbiota composition were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS Corylin significantly alleviated colitis symptoms and inhibited inflammatory response in the colon and brain of DSS-induced chronic UC mice. The TJ proteins of intestinal mucosal barrier and BBB were improved and the expression of Iba1 in the hippocampus was normalized after corylin treatment. In addition, corylin treatment increased the expression of neurotransmitters in the brain, especially 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), but the expression of 5-HT in the colon was inhibited. Further study firstly proved that corylin could bind to the 5-HTDPC, and then inhibit the expression of 5-HTDPC and VB6, resulting in the 5-HT reduction and 5-HTP accumulation in the colon. Moreover, the intake of corylin transformed the diversity and composition of intestinal microbiota, Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, and Turicibacter were decreased but Dubosiella, Enterorhabdus, and Candidatus_Stoquefichus were increased. CONCLUSION Corylin administration ameliorated DSS-induced colitis and inhibited intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation via regulating the inflammation interactions across gut-brain axis and increasing 5-HTP generation in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qing-Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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Are neuromodulation interventions associated with changes in the gut microbiota? A systematic review. Neuropharmacology 2023; 223:109318. [PMID: 36334762 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) refers to the bidirectional communication between the brain and the gut microbiota and recent studies have linked the MGBA to health and disease. Research has so far investigated this axis mainly from microbiota to brain but less is known about the other direction. One approach to examine the MGBA from brain to microbiota is through understanding if and how neuromodulation might impact microbiota. Neuromodulation encompasses a wide range of stimulation techniques and is used to treat neurological, psychiatric and metabolic disorders, like Parkinson's Disease, depression and obesity. Here, we performed a systematic review to investigate whether neuromodulation is associated with subsequent changes in the gut microbiota. Searches in PsycINFO and MEDLINE were performed up to March 2022. Included studies needed to be clinical or preclinical studies comparing the effects of deep brain stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation or vagal nerve stimulation on the gut microbiota before and after treatment or between active and control groups. Seven studies were identified. Neuromodulation was associated with changes in relative bacterial abundances, but not with (changes in) α-diversity or β-diversity. Summarizing, currently reported findings suggest that neuromodulation interventions are associated with moderate changes in the gut microbiome. However, findings remain inconclusive due to the limited number and varying quality of included studies, as well as the large heterogeneity between studies. More research is required to more conclusively establish whether, and if so, via which mechanism(s) of action neuromodulation interventions might influence the gut microbiota.
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90
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Mao L, Xia Y, Fan Y, Li N, Jiang Z, Qin X, Jiang Y, Liu G, Qiu F, Zhang J, Zou Z, Chen C. Disruption of the lung-gut-brain axis is responsible for cortex damage induced by pulmonary exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Toxicology 2023; 485:153390. [PMID: 36535435 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that gut microbiota is important for host health in response to metal nanomaterials exposure. However, the effect of gut microbiota on the cortex damage caused by pulmonary exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) remains mainly unknown. In this study, a total of 48 adult C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally instilled with 0.6 mg/kg ZnONPs in the presence or absence of antibiotics (ABX) treatment. Besides, 24 mice were treated with or without fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) after the intraperitoneal administration of ABX. Our results demonstrated for the first time that dysbiosis induced by ABX treatment significantly aggravated cortex damage induced by pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs. Such damage might highly occur through the induction of oxidative stress, manifested by the enhancement of antioxidative enzymes and products of lipid peroxidation. However, ferroptosis was not involved in this process. Interestingly, our data revealed that ABX treatment exacerbated the alterations of gut-brain peptides (including Sst, Sstr2, and Htr4) induced by ZnONPs in both gut and cortex tissues. Moreover, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was able to alleviate cerebral cortex damage, oxidative stress, and alterations of gut-brain peptides induced by pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs. The results together indicate that pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs causes cerebral cortex damage possibly via the disruption of the lung-gut-brain axis. These findings not only propose valuable insights into the mechanism of ZnONPs neurotoxicity but also provide a potential therapeutic method against brain disorders induced by pulmonary exposure to ZnONPs. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the The corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yandan Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lejiao Mao
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yinzhen Fan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ziqi Jiang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xia Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University‑Town Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Emergency, The University‑Town Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Zhen Zou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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91
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Lobo B, Tramullas M, Finger BC, Lomasney KW, Beltran C, Clarke G, Santos J, Hyland NP, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. The Stressed Gut: Region-specific Immune and Neuroplasticity Changes in Response to Chronic Psychosocial Stress. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29:72-84. [PMID: 36606438 PMCID: PMC9837549 DOI: 10.5056/jnm22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Chronic psychological stress affects gastrointestinal physiology which may underpin alterations in the immune response and epithelial transport, both functions are partly regulated by enteric nervous system. However, its effects on enteric neuroplasticity are still unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic unpredictable psychological stress on intestinal motility and prominent markers of enteric function. Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 19 day of unpredictable stress protocol schedule of social defeat and overcrowding. We investigated the effects on plasma corticosterone, food intake, and body weight. In vivo gastrointestinal motility was assessed by fecal pellet output and by whole-gastrointestinal transit (using the carmine red method). Tissue monoamine level, neural and glial markers, neurotrophic factors, monoamine signaling, and Toll-like receptor expression in the proximal and distal colon, and terminal ileum were also assessed. Results Following chronic unpredictable psychological stress, stressed mice showed increased food intake and body weight gain (P < 0.001), and reduced corticosterone levels (P < 0.05) compared to control mice. Stressed mice had reduced stool output without differences in water content, and showed a delayed gastrointestinal transit compared to control mice (P < 0.05). Stressed mice exhibited decreased mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf), as well as Toll-like receptor 2 (Tlr2) compared to control (P < 0.05), only proximal colon. These molecular changes in proximal colon were associated with higher levels of monoamines in tissue. Conclusion Unpredictable psychological chronic stress induces region-specific impairment in monoamine levels and neuroplasticity markers that may relate to delayed intestinal transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Lobo
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Digestive System Research Unit, Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron Barcelona, Spain,Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Correspondence: Beatriz Lobo, PhD, MD, Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit. Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain, Tel: +34-93-489-4035, E-mail:
| | - Mónica Tramullas
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain (Current address)
| | - Beate-C Finger
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin W Lomasney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Caroll Beltran
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Clinico Universidad de Chile, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Javier Santos
- Digestive System Research Unit, Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron Barcelona, Spain,Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niall P Hyland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Physiology, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland,John F Cryan, PhD, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, room 3.86 Western Gateway Building, Ireland, Fax: +353-0214205497, E-mail:
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Analysis of Intestinal Metabolites in SR-B1 Knockout Mice via Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020610. [PMID: 36677669 PMCID: PMC9866485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1), a multiligand membrane receptor, is expressed in a gradient along the gastrocolic axis. SR-B1 deficiency enhances lymphocyte proliferation and elevates inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages. However, whether SR-B1 affects intestinal metabolites is unclear. In this study, we detected metabolite changes in the intestinal tissue of SR-B1-/- mice, including amino acids and neurotransmitters, by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and HPLC. We found that SR-B1-/- mice exhibited changes in intestinal lipid metabolites and metabolic pathways, including the glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, linoleic acid, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolic pathways. SR-B1 deficiency influenced the contents of amino acids and neurotransmitters in all parts of the intestine; the contents of leucine (LEU), phenylalanine (PHE), tryptophan (TRP), and tyrosine (TYR) were affected in all parts of the intestine; and the contents of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and dopamine (DA) were significantly decreased in both the colon and rectum. In summary, SR-B1 deficiency regulated intestinal lipids, amino acids, and neurotransmitter metabolism in mice.
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93
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Lê A, Selle A, Aubert P, Durand T, Brosseau C, Bordron P, Delage E, Chaffron S, Petitfils C, Cenac N, Neunlist M, Bodinier M, Rolli-Derkinderen M. Maternal prebiotic supplementation impacts colitis development in offspring mice. Front Nutr 2023; 9:988529. [PMID: 36687706 PMCID: PMC9849907 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Maternal diet plays a key role in preventing or contributing to the development of chronic diseases, such as obesity, allergy, and brain disorders. Supplementation of maternal diet with prebiotics has been shown to reduce the risk of food allergies and affect the intestinal permeability in offspring later in life. However, its role in modulating the development of other intestinal disorders, such as colitis, remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of prebiotic supplementation in pregnant mice on the occurrence of colitis in their offspring. Materials and methods Offspring from mothers, who were administered prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides and inulin during gestation or fed a control diet, were subjected to three cycles of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) treatment to induce chronic colitis, and their intestinal function and disease activity were evaluated. Colonic remodelling, gut microbiota composition, and lipidomic and transcriptomic profiles were also assessed. Results DSS-treated offspring from prebiotic-fed mothers presented a higher disease score, increased weight loss, and increased faecal humidity than those from standard diet-fed mothers. DSS-treated offspring from prebiotic-fed mothers also showed increased number of colonic mucosal lymphocytes and macrophages than the control group, associated with the increased colonic concentrations of resolvin D5, protectin DX, and 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, and modulation of colonic gene expression. In addition, maternal prebiotic supplementation induced an overabundance of eight bacterial families and a decrease in the butyrate caecal concentration in DSS-treated offspring. Conclusion Maternal prebiotic exposure modified the microbiota composition and function, lipid content, and transcriptome of the colon of the offspring. These modifications did not protect against colitis, but rather sensitised the mice to colitis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Lê
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Institut National Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Amandine Selle
- Unité de Recherche 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Aubert
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Institut National Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Tony Durand
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Institut National Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Brosseau
- Unité de Recherche 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Bordron
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Institut National Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Erwan Delage
- UMR 6004, LS2N, Nantes Université, Ecole Centrale Nantes, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Samuel Chaffron
- UMR 6004, LS2N, Nantes Université, Ecole Centrale Nantes, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Camille Petitfils
- UMR 1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Cenac
- UMR 1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Institut National Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Marie Bodinier
- Unité de Recherche 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Nantes, France
| | - Malvyne Rolli-Derkinderen
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, Institut National Pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, Nantes, France,*Correspondence: Malvyne Rolli-Derkinderen,
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Serio R, Zizzo MG. The multiple roles of dopamine receptor activation in the modulation of gastrointestinal motility and mucosal function. Auton Neurosci 2023; 244:103041. [PMID: 36372052 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2022.103041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine regulatory molecule with potential role in physiology and physiopathology of the intestinal tract. Various cellular sources of DA have been indicated as enteric neurons, immune cells, intestinal flora and gastrointestinal epithelium. Moreover, DA is produced by nutritional tyrosine. All the five DA receptors, actually described, are present throughout the gut. Current knowledge of DA in this area is reviewed, focusing on gastrointestinal function in health and during inflammation. Research on animal models and humans are reported. A major obstacle to understanding the physiologic and/or pharmacological roles of enteric DA is represented by the multiplicity of receptors involved in the responses together with many signalling pathways related to each receptor subtype. It is mandatory to map precisely the distributions of DA receptors, to determine the relevance of a receptor in a specific location in order to explore novel therapies directed to dopaminergic targets that may be useful in the control of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Zizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; ATeN (Advanced Technologies Network) Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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95
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Zeng Y, Cao S, Yang H. Roles of gut microbiome in epilepsy risk: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1115014. [PMID: 36922970 PMCID: PMC10010438 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1115014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have suggested an association between gut microbiomes (GMs) and epilepsy. However, the GM taxa identified in different studies are variable. In addition, observational studies cannot indicate causality. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the causal association of GMs with epilepsy and identify the most influential GM taxa. Methods We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 211 GM taxa and epilepsy. The GWAS summary statistics for 211 GM taxa (from phylum to genus level) were generated by the MiBioGen consortium, while the FinnGen consortium provided the GWAS summary statistics for epilepsy. The primary analytical method to assess causality was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach. To complement the IVW method, we also applied four additional MR methods: MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted. In addition, we conducted sensitivity analyses using Cochrane's Q-test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and leave-one-out analysis. Results We evaluated the causal effect of 211 GM taxa (from phylum to genus level) on epilepsy, generalized epilepsy, and focal epilepsy. After using the Bonferroni method for multiple testing correction, Class Betaproteobacteria [odds ratio (OR) = 1.357, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.126-1.635, p = 0.001] and Order Burkholderiales (OR = 1.336, 95% CI: 1.112-1.606, p = 0.002). In addition, 21 nominally significant causal relationships were also identified. Further, the MR-Egger intercept test and MR-PRESSO global test suggested that our MR analysis was unaffected by horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05). Finally, the leave-one-out analysis suggested the robustness of the results. Conclusion Through the MR study, we analyzed the causal relationship of 211 GM taxa with epilepsy and determined the specific intestinal flora associated with increased epilepsy risk. Our findings may provide helpful biomarkers for disease progression and potential candidate therapeutic targets for epilepsy. In addition, in-depth analysis of large-scale microbiome GWAS datasets based on metagenomics sequencing is necessary for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjie Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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96
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Wang Y, Qiao H, Zhang Y. Changes of Dopamine and Tyrosine Hydroxylase Levels in the Brain of Germ-free Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 21:e2798. [PMID: 36811101 PMCID: PMC9938933 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2022.236732.2798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Dopamine (DA) is one of the most important catecholamine neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. The degeneration and deletion of dopaminergic neurons are closely linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) and other psychiatric or neurological diseases. Several studies have been suggesting that intestinal microorganisms are associated with the occurrence of central nervous diseases, including diseases that are closely related to dopaminergic neurons. However, the intestinal microorganism's regulation of dopaminergic neurons in the brain is largely unknown. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the hypothetical differences of DA and its synthase tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in different parts of the brain of germ free (GF) mice. Materials and Methods Several studies in recent years have shown that commensal intestinal microbiota promotes changes in DA receptor expression, DA levels, and affects this monoamine turnover. Germ free (GF) and specific pathogen free (SPF) C57b/L male mice were used to analyze TH mRNA and expression levels, and DA levels in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum, using real time PCR, western blotting, and ELISA tools. Results Compared with SPF mice, the TH mRNA levels were decreased in the cerebellum of GF mice, while the TH protein expression was tended to increase in the hippocampus, and conversely showed significant decrease in the striatum. The average optical density (AOD) of TH immunoreactive nerve fibers and the number of axons in striatum of mice in GF group were significantly lower than that in SPF group. Compared with SPF mice, the DA concentration in the hippocampus, striatum and frontal cortex of GF mice was decreased in GF mice. Conclusion The changes of DA and its synthase TH in the brain of GF mice showed that the absence of conventional intestinal microbiota had certain regulatory effects on central dopaminergic nervous system, which is considered helpful for studying the effect of commensal intestinal flora on diseases related to impaired dopaminergic nerve system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhi Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Potential relationship between Tourette syndrome and gut microbiome. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2023; 99:11-16. [PMID: 35914739 PMCID: PMC9875241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this article, the author aims to discuss and review the relationship between gut microbiota and Tourette syndrome, and whether the change in gut microbiota can affect the severity of Tourette syndrome. SOURCES Literature from PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure was mainly reviewed. Both original studies and review articles were discussed. The articles were required to be published as of May 2022. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS Current studies on the gut microbiome have found that the gut microbiome and brain seem to interact. It is named the brain-gut-axis. The relationship between the brain-gut axis and neurological and psychiatric disorders has been a topic of intense interest. Tourette syndrome is a chronic neurological disease that seriously affects the quality of life of children, and there appears to be an increase in Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroides in the gut of patients with Tourette syndrome. After clinical observation and animal experiments, there appear to be particular gut microbiota changes in Tourette syndrome. It provides a new possible idea for the treatment of Tourette syndrome. Probiotics and fecal microbial transplantation have been tried to treat Tourette syndrome, especially Tourette syndrome which is not sensitive to drugs, and some results have been achieved. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between gut microbiota and Tourette syndrome and how to alleviate Tourette syndrome by improving gut microbiota are new topics, more in-depth and larger sample size research is still needed.
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98
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Channer B, Matt SM, Nickoloff-Bybel EA, Pappa V, Agarwal Y, Wickman J, Gaskill PJ. Dopamine, Immunity, and Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:62-158. [PMID: 36757901 PMCID: PMC9832385 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function, regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also regulates critical functions in peripheral organs, such as blood pressure, renal activity, and intestinal motility. Beyond these functions, a growing body of evidence indicates that dopamine is an important immunoregulatory factor. Most types of immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopaminergic proteins, and many immune cells take up, produce, store, and/or release dopamine, suggesting that dopaminergic immunomodulation is important for immune function. Targeting these pathways could be a promising avenue for the treatment of inflammation and disease, but despite increasing research in this area, data on the specific effects of dopamine on many immune cells and disease processes remain inconsistent and poorly understood. Therefore, this review integrates the current knowledge of the role of dopamine in immune cell function and inflammatory signaling across systems. We also discuss the current understanding of dopaminergic regulation of immune signaling in the CNS and peripheral tissues, highlighting the role of dopaminergic immunomodulation in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, several neuropsychiatric conditions, neurologic human immunodeficiency virus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and others. Careful consideration is given to the influence of experimental design on results, and we note a number of areas in need of further research. Overall, this review integrates our knowledge of dopaminergic immunology at the cellular, tissue, and disease level and prompts the development of therapeutics and strategies targeted toward ameliorating disease through dopaminergic regulation of immunity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Canonically, dopamine is recognized as a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of movement, cognition, and reward. However, dopamine also acts as an immune modulator in the central nervous system and periphery. This review comprehensively assesses the current knowledge of dopaminergic immunomodulation and the role of dopamine in disease pathogenesis at the cellular and tissue level. This will provide broad access to this information across fields, identify areas in need of further investigation, and drive the development of dopaminergic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breana Channer
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Stephanie M Matt
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Emily A Nickoloff-Bybel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Yash Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Jason Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Peter J Gaskill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
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99
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Gasmi A, Nasreen A, Menzel A, Gasmi Benahmed A, Pivina L, Noor S, Peana M, Chirumbolo S, Bjørklund G. Neurotransmitters Regulation and Food Intake: The Role of Dietary Sources in Neurotransmission. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010210. [PMID: 36615404 PMCID: PMC9822089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are biologically active chemicals, which mediate the electrochemical transmission between neurons. NTs control numerous organic functions particularly crucial for life, including movement, emotional responses, and the physical ability to feel pleasure and pain. These molecules are synthesized from simple, very common precursors. Many types of NTs have both excitatory and inhibitory effects. Neurotransmitters' imbalance can cause many diseases and disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, depression, insomnia, increased anxiety, memory loss, etc. Natural food sources containing NTs and/or their precursors would be a potential option to help maintain the balance of NTs to prevent brain and psychiatric disorders. The level of NTs could be influenced, therefore, by targeting dietary habits and nutritional regimens. The progressive implementation of nutritional approaches in clinical practice has made it necessary to infer more about some of the nutritional NTs in neuropsychiatry. However, the importance of the intake of nutritional NTs requires further understanding, since there are no prior significant studies about their bioavailability, clinical significance, and effects on nerve cells. Interventional strategies supported by evidence should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aniqa Nasreen
- Department of Physiology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Alain Menzel
- Laboratoires Réunis, 38, Rue Hiehl, L-6131 Junglinster, Luxembourg
| | - Asma Gasmi Benahmed
- Académie Internationale de Médecine Dentaire Intégrative, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Lyudmila Pivina
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan
- CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Sàdaf Noor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- CONEM Scientific Secretary, Strada Le Grazie 9, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Toften 24, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
- Correspondence:
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100
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Lai Y, Dhingra R, Zhang Z, Ball LM, Zylka MJ, Lu K. Toward Elucidating the Human Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis: Molecules, Biochemistry, and Implications for Health and Diseases. Biochemistry 2022; 61:2806-2821. [PMID: 34910469 PMCID: PMC10857864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a substantial amount of data have supported an active role of gut microbiota in mediating mammalian brain function and health. Mining gut microbiota and their metabolites for neuroprotection is enticing but requires that the fundamental biochemical details underlying such microbiota-brain crosstalk be deciphered. While a neuronal gut-brain axis (through the vagus nerve) is not disputable, accumulating studies also point to a humoral route (via blood/lymphatic circulation) by which innumerable microbial molecular cues translocate from local gut epithelia to circulation with potentials to further cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the brain. In this Perspective, we review a realm of gut microbial molecules to evaluate their fate, function, and neuroactivities in vivo as mediated by microbiota. We turn to seminal studies of neurophysiology and neurologic disease models for the elucidation of biochemical pathways that link microbiota to gut-brain signaling. In addition, we discuss opportunities and challenges for advancing the microbiota-brain axis field while calling for high-throughput discovery of microbial molecules and studies for resolving the interspecies, interorgan, and interclass interaction among these neuroactive microbial molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Lai
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7431, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Radhika Dhingra
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7431, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Institute of Environmental Health Solutions, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Zhenfa Zhang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7431, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Louise M Ball
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7431, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Mark J Zylka
- UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carrboro, North Carolina 27510, United States
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7431, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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