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Buldum G, Mantalaris A. Systematic Understanding of Recent Developments in Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis at Genetic, Bioprocess and Product Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137192. [PMID: 34281246 PMCID: PMC8268586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering biological processes has become a standard approach to produce various commercially valuable chemicals, therapeutics, and biomaterials. Among these products, bacterial cellulose represents major advances to biomedical and healthcare applications. In comparison to properties of plant cellulose, bacterial cellulose (BC) shows distinctive characteristics such as a high purity, high water retention, and biocompatibility. However, low product yield and extensive cultivation times have been the main challenges in the large-scale production of BC. For decades, studies focused on optimization of cellulose production through modification of culturing strategies and conditions. With an increasing demand for BC, researchers are now exploring to improve BC production and functionality at different categories: genetic, bioprocess, and product levels as well as model driven approaches targeting each of these categories. This comprehensive review discusses the progress in BC platforms categorizing the most recent advancements under different research focuses and provides systematic understanding of the progress in BC biosynthesis. The aim of this review is to present the potential of ‘modern genetic engineering tools’ and ‘model-driven approaches’ on improving the yield of BC, altering the properties, and adding new functionality. We also provide insights for the future perspectives and potential approaches to promote BC use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Buldum
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Correspondence:
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52
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Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Produced Using White and Red Grape Bagasse as a Nutrient Source. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to investigate the possibility of using wine industry wastes, such as red and white grape bagasse, to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) instead of using a costly commercial medium. BC was produced using grape bagasse as a carbon source replacement and the sole nutrient in the medium. The BC films were evaluated for their productivity and water-holding capacity. The BC films were also investigated for their morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their viscoelastic properties using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and their chemical composition using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Although the use of grape bagasse as the sole nutrient was successful in the preparation of BC, the BC films had inferior viscoelastic properties to other produced BC films. White grape bagasse proved to be an excellent carbon substitute as the production of BC and its water-holding capacity were five times higher and the produced BC films were up to 72% more flexible than the bacterial cellulose produced using standard HS medium.
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Shavyrkina NA, Budaeva VV, Skiba EA, Mironova GF, Bychin NV, Gismatulina YA, Kashcheyeva EI, Sitnikova AE, Shilov AI, Kuznetsov PS, Sakovich GV. Scale-Up of Biosynthesis Process of Bacterial Nanocellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1920. [PMID: 34207774 PMCID: PMC8227711 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a unique product of microbiological synthesis, having a lot of applications among which the most important is biomedicine. Objective complexities in scaling up the biosynthesis of BNC are associated with the nature of microbial producers for which BNC is not the target metabolite, therefore biosynthesis lasts long, with the BNC yield being small. Thus, the BNC scale-up problem has not yet been overcome. Here we performed biosynthesis of three scaled sheets of BNC (each having a surface area of 29,400 cm2, a container volume of 441 L, and a nutrient medium volume of 260 L and characterized them. The static biosynthesis of BNC in a semisynthetic nutrient medium was scaled up using the Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 symbiotic culture. The experiment was run in duplicate. The BNC pellicle was removed once from the nutrient medium in the first experiment and twice in the second experiment, in which case the inoculum and glucose were not additionally added to the medium. The resultant BNC sheets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, capillary viscosimetry, infrared spectroscopy, thermomechanical and thermogravimetric analyses. When the nutrient medium was scaled up from 0.1 to 260 L, the elastic modulus of BNC samples increased tenfold and the degree of polymerization 2.5-fold. Besides, we demonstrated that scaled BNC sheets could be removed at least twice from one volume of the nutrient medium, with the yield and quality of BNC remaining the same. Consequently, the world's largest BNC sheets 210 cm long and 140 cm wide, having a surface area of 29,400 cm2 each (weighing 16.24 to 17.04 kg), have been obtained in which an adult with burns or vast wounds can easily be wrapped. The resultant sheets exhibit a typical architecture of cellulosic fibers that form a spatial 3D structure which refers to individual and extremely important characteristics of BNC. Here we thus demonstrated the scale-up of biosynthesis of BNC with improved properties, and this result was achieved by using the symbiotic culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda A. Shavyrkina
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
- Biysk Technological Institute, Polzunov Altai State Technical University, 659305 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia
| | - Vera V. Budaeva
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Skiba
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Galina F. Mironova
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Nikolay V. Bychin
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Yulia A. Gismatulina
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Ekaterina I. Kashcheyeva
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Anastasia E. Sitnikova
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
- Biysk Technological Institute, Polzunov Altai State Technical University, 659305 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia
| | - Aleksei I. Shilov
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
- Biysk Technological Institute, Polzunov Altai State Technical University, 659305 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia
| | - Pavel S. Kuznetsov
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
- Biysk Technological Institute, Polzunov Altai State Technical University, 659305 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia
| | - Gennady V. Sakovich
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Altai Krai, Russia; (N.A.S.); (E.A.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.V.B.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.); (A.E.S.); (A.I.S.); (P.S.K.); (G.V.S.)
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Wagner HJ, Mohsenin H, Weber W. Synthetic Biology-Empowered Hydrogels for Medical Diagnostics. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 178:197-226. [PMID: 33582837 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology is strongly inspired by concepts of engineering science and aims at the design and generation of artificial biological systems in different fields of research such as diagnostics, analytics, biomedicine, or chemistry. To this aim, synthetic biology uses an engineering approach relying on a toolbox of molecular sensors and switches that endows cellular hosts with non-natural computing functions and circuits. Importantly, this concept is not only limited to cellular approaches. Synthetic biological building blocks have also conferred sensing and switching capability to otherwise inactive materials. This principle has attracted high interest for the development of biohybrid materials capable of sensing and responding to specific molecular stimuli, such as disease biomarkers, antibiotics, or heavy metals. Moreover, the interconnection of individual sense-and-respond materials to complex materials systems has enabled the processing of, for example, multiple inputs or the amplification of signals using feedback topologies. Such systems holding high potential for applications in the analytical and diagnostic sectors will be described in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna J Wagner
- Faculty of Biology, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hasti Mohsenin
- Faculty of Biology, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of Biology, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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55
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Feng Y, Yin N, Zhou Z, Han Y. Physical and antibacterial properties of bacterial cellulose films supplemented with cell-free supernatant enterocin-producing Enterococcus faecium TJUQ1. Food Microbiol 2021; 99:103828. [PMID: 34119113 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a composite film was prepared with bacterial cellulose (BC) of Gluconacetobacter xylinus and cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Enterococcus faecium TJUQ1, which was named BC-E. The optimum conditions for the preparation of the composite film with a minimal antibacterial activity were the soak of BC in 80 AU/mL CFS for 6 h. By scanning electron microscope observation, the surface network structure of BC-E was denser than that of BC. The tensile strength of BC and BC-E was 4.65 ± 0.88 MPa and 16.30 ± 0.92 MPa, the elongation at break of BC and BC-E was 3.33 ± 0.89% and 31.60 ± 1.15%, respectively, indicating the mechanical properties of BC-E were significantly higher than that of BC (P < 0.05). The swelling ratio of BC-E (456.67 ± 7.20%) was lower than that of BC (1377.78 ± 9.07%), demonstrating BC-E films presented better water resistance. BC-E films were soaked with 320 AU/mL CFS, and then used to pack the ground meat with 6.55 log10 CFU/g of Listeria monocytogenes. After 8 days of storage, the number of bacteria decreased by 3.16 log10 CFU/g. Similarly, total mesophilic bacterial levels in the ground meat decreased by 2.41 log10 CFU/g compared to control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Nan Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Zhijiang Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Ye Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
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56
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Barja F. Bacterial nanocellulose production and biomedical applications. J Biomed Res 2021; 35:310-317. [PMID: 34253695 PMCID: PMC8383174 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.35.20210036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a homopolymer of β-1,4 linked glycose, which is synthesized by Acetobacter using simple culturing methods to allow inexpensive and environmentally friendly small- and large-scale production. Depending on the growth media and types of fermentation methods, ultra-pure cellulose can be obtained with different physio-chemical characteristics. Upon biosynthesis, bacterial cellulose is assembled in the medium into a nanostructured network of glucan polymers that are semitransparent, mechanically highly resistant, but soft and elastic, and with a high capacity to store water and exchange gasses. BNC, generally recognized as safe as well as one of the most biocompatible materials, has been found numerous medical applications in wound dressing, drug delivery systems, and implants of heart valves, blood vessels, tympanic membranes, bones, teeth, cartilages, cornea, and urinary tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Barja
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Genève-4, Switzerland
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57
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Khan S, Siddique R, Huanfei D, Shereen MA, Nabi G, Bai Q, Manan S, Xue M, Ullah MW, Bowen H. Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:616555. [PMID: 34026739 PMCID: PMC8139407 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.616555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individuals quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemotherapeutic approaches, which may cause complications and bear side effects, the surgical reconstruction involves the implantation of external materials such as ceramics, metals, and different other materials as bone substitutes. Compared to the synthetic substitutes, the use of biomaterials could be an ideal choice for bone regeneration owing to their renewability, non-toxicity, and non-immunogenicity. Among the different types of biomaterials, nanocellulose-based materials are receiving tremendous attention in the medical field during recent years, which are used for scaffolding as well as regeneration. Nanocellulose not only serves as the matrix for the deposition of bioceramics, metallic nanoparticles, polymers, and different other materials to develop bone substitutes but also serves as the drug carrier for treating osteosarcomas. This review describes the natural sources and production of nanocellulose and discusses its important properties to justify its suitability in developing scaffolds for bone and cartilage regeneration and serve as the matrix for reinforcement of different materials and as a drug carrier for treating osteosarcomas. It discusses the potential health risks, immunogenicity, and biodegradation of nanocellulose in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rabeea Siddique
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ding Huanfei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Shereen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sehrish Manan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Bowen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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58
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Moradi M, Jacek P, Farhangfar A, Guimarães JT, Forough M. The role of genetic manipulation and in situ modifications on production of bacterial nanocellulose: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:635-650. [PMID: 33957199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are well-known biomaterials because of their availability and low-cost, with applications in diverse fields. Cellulose, a renowned polysaccharide, can be obtained from different sources including plants, algae, and bacteria, but recently much attention has been paid to the microorganisms due to their potential of producing renewable compounds. In this regard, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a novel type of nanocellulose material that is commercially synthesized mainly by Komagataeibacter spp. Characteristics such as purity, porosity, and remarkable mechanical properties made BNC a superior green biopolymer with applications in pharmacology, biomedicine, bioprocessing, and food. Genetic manipulation of BNC-producing strains and in situ modifications of the culturing conditions can lead to BNC with enhanced yield/productivity and properties. This review mainly highlights the role of genetic engineering of Komagataeibacter strains and co-culturing of bacterial strains with additives such as microorganisms and nanomaterials to synthesize BNC with improved functionality and productivity rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Moradi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Paulina Jacek
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Karl-von-Frisch Strasse 16, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | | | - Jonas T Guimarães
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mehrdad Forough
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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Soares MG, de Lima M, Reolon Schmidt VC. Technological aspects of kombucha, its applications and the symbiotic culture (SCOBY), and extraction of compounds of interest: A literature review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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60
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Felgueiras C, Azoia NG, Gonçalves C, Gama M, Dourado F. Trends on the Cellulose-Based Textiles: Raw Materials and Technologies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:608826. [PMID: 33869148 PMCID: PMC8044815 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.608826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an emerging environmental awareness and social concern regarding the environmental impact of the textile industry, highlighting the growing need for developing green and sustainable approaches throughout this industry's supply chain. Upstream, due to population growth and the rise in consumption of textile fibers, new sustainable raw materials and processes must be found. Cellulose presents unique structural features, being the most important and available renewable resource for textiles. The physical and chemical modification reactions yielding fibers are of high commercial importance today. Recently developed technologies allow the production of filaments with the strongest tensile performance without dissolution or any other harmful and complex chemical processes. Fibers without solvents are thus on the verge of commercialization. In this review, the technologies for the production of cellulose-based textiles, their surface modification and the recent trends on sustainable cellulose sources, such as bacterial nanocellulose, are discussed. The life cycle assessment of several cellulose fiber production methods is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuno G Azoia
- CeNTI-Centre for Nanotechnology and Smart Materials, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Cidália Gonçalves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Miguel Gama
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Dourado
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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61
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Li Z, Chen SQ, Cao X, Li L, Zhu J, Yu H. Effect of pH Buffer and Carbon Metabolism on the Yield and Mechanical Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Produced by Komagataeibacter hansenii ATCC 53582. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:429-438. [PMID: 33323677 PMCID: PMC9705897 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2010.10054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is widely used in the food industry for products such as nata de coco. The mechanical properties of BC hydrogels, including stiffness and viscoelasticity, are determined by the hydrated fibril network. Generally, Komagataeibacter bacteria produce gluconic acids in a glucose medium, which may affect the pH, structure and mechanical properties of BC. In this work, the effect of pH buffer on the yields of Komagataeibacter hansenii strain ATCC 53582 was studied. The bacterium in a phosphate and phthalate buffer with low ionic strength produced a good BC yield (5.16 and 4.63 g/l respectively), but there was a substantial reduction in pH due to the accumulation of gluconic acid. However, the addition of gluconic acid enhanced the polymer density and mechanical properties of BC hydrogels. The effect was similar to that of the bacteria using glycerol in another carbon metabolism circuit, which provided good pH stability and a higher conversion rate of carbon. This study may broaden the understanding of how carbon sources affect BC biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China,School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China
| | - Si-Qian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China,Corresponding authors J. Zhu Phone: +86-769-22862195 Fax: +86-769-22861680 E-mail:
| | - Hongpeng Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China,H. Yu E-mail:
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62
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Almeida T, Silvestre AJD, Vilela C, Freire CSR. Bacterial Nanocellulose toward Green Cosmetics: Recent Progresses and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2836. [PMID: 33799554 PMCID: PMC8000719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the skin care field, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), a versatile polysaccharide produced by non-pathogenic acetic acid bacteria, has received increased attention as a promising candidate to replace synthetic polymers (e.g., nylon, polyethylene, polyacrylamides) commonly used in cosmetics. The applicability of BNC in cosmetics has been mainly investigated as a carrier of active ingredients or as a structuring agent of cosmetic formulations. However, with the sustainability issues that are underway in the highly innovative cosmetic industry and with the growth prospects for the market of bio-based products, a much more prominent role is envisioned for BNC in this field. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent (last 5 years) and relevant developments and challenges in the research of BNC applied to cosmetic, aiming at inspiring future research to go beyond in the applicability of this exceptional biotechnological material in such a promising area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carmen S. R. Freire
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (T.A.); (A.J.D.S.); (C.V.)
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63
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Doineau E, Cathala B, Benezet JC, Bras J, Le Moigne N. Development of Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Fibres to Tailor the Fibre/Matrix Interphase in (Bio)composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:804. [PMID: 33807968 PMCID: PMC7961944 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several naturally occurring biological systems, such as bones, nacre or wood, display hierarchical architectures with a central role of the nanostructuration that allows reaching amazing properties such as high strength and toughness. Developing such architectures in man-made materials is highly challenging, and recent research relies on this concept of hierarchical structures to design high-performance composite materials. This review deals more specifically with the development of hierarchical fibres by the deposition of nano-objects at their surface to tailor the fibre/matrix interphase in (bio)composites. Fully synthetic hierarchical fibre reinforced composites are described, and the potential of hierarchical fibres is discussed for the development of sustainable biocomposite materials with enhanced structural performance. Based on various surface, microstructural and mechanical characterizations, this review highlights that nano-objects coated on natural fibres (carbon nanotubes, ZnO nanowires, nanocelluloses) can improve the load transfer and interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the fibres, and the resulting mechanical performances of biocomposites. Indeed, the surface topography of the fibres is modified with higher roughness and specific surface area, implying increased mechanical interlocking with the matrix. As a result, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between fibres and polymer matrices is enhanced, and failure mechanisms can be modified with a crack propagation occurring through a zig-zag path along interphases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Doineau
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Alès, 30100 Alès, France; (E.D.); (J.-C.B.)
- Institute of Engineering, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, 38000 Grenoble, France;
- INRAE, UR BIA, 44316 Nantes, France
| | | | - Jean-Charles Benezet
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Alès, 30100 Alès, France; (E.D.); (J.-C.B.)
| | - Julien Bras
- Institute of Engineering, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Nicolas Le Moigne
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Alès, 30100 Alès, France; (E.D.); (J.-C.B.)
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64
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Poddar MK, Dikshit PK. Recent development in bacterial cellulose production and synthesis of cellulose based conductive polymer nanocomposites. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maneesh Kumar Poddar
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Karnataka India
| | - Pritam Kumar Dikshit
- Department of Life Sciences School of Basic Sciences and Research Sharda University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh India
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Bang J, Lee H, Yang Y, Oh JK, Kwak HW. Nano/Micro Hybrid Bamboo Fibrous Preforms for Robust Biodegradable Fiber Reinforced Plastics. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040636. [PMID: 33672667 PMCID: PMC7924370 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus on high-strength and functional natural fiber-based composite materials is growing as interest in developing eco-friendly plastics and sustainable materials increases. An eco-friendly fibrous composite with excellent mechanical properties was prepared by applying the bamboo-derived nano and microfiber multiscale hybridization phenomenon. As a result, the cellulose nanofibers simultaneously coated the micro-bamboo fiber surface and adhered between them. The multiscale hybrid phenomenon implemented between bamboo nano and microfibers improved the tensile strength, elongation, Young’s modulus, and toughness of the fibrous composite. The enhancement of the fibrous preform mechanical properties also affected the reinforcement of biodegradable fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP). This eco-friendly nano/micro fibrous preform can be extensively utilized in reinforced preforms for FRPs and other green plastic industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsik Bang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National Universtiy, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (J.-K.O.)
| | - Hyunju Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National Universtiy, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (J.-K.O.)
| | - Yemi Yang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National Universtiy, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (J.-K.O.)
| | - Jung-Kwon Oh
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National Universtiy, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (J.-K.O.)
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyo Won Kwak
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National Universtiy, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (J.-K.O.)
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence:
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66
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Production of bacterial cellulose using Gluconacetobacter kombuchae immobilized on Luffa aegyptiaca support. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2912. [PMID: 33536530 PMCID: PMC7858635 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work report for the first time on the production of bacterial cellulose (BC) using natural loofa sponge (Luffa aegyptiaca) as a scaffold for the immobilization of Gluconacetobacter kombuchae. Bacterial cellulose (BC) are recently gained more attention in several fields including biological and biomedical applications due to their outstanding physico-chemical characteristics including high thermal stability, easy biodegradability, good water holding capacity, high tensile strength, and high degree of polymerization. The increase in requirement of alternative method for the enhancement of BC production under economical aspect develops a positive impact in large scale industries. In this study, Luffa aegyptiaca (LA) was introduced in a separate fermentation medium so as to enhance the concentration of BC production by Gluconacetobacter kombuchae. Different process/medium parameters such as initial pH, static/shaking condition, inoculum size, nitrogen source, C/N ratio, supplements (ethanol and acetic acid) were analysed for the production of bacterial cellulose using LA support. The maximum yield of BC was obtained using following condition: culturing condition -shaking; initial pH - 5.5; nitrogen source- yeast extract, C/N ratio - 40 and supplement-ethanol. The characterization of the BC was examined using Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis. The biofilm formation on the surface of LA was examined by SEM photographs. Thus, implementation of LA as a support in shaking fermentation under suitable medium/process variables enhanced the BC production.
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Drozd R, Szymańska M, Żywicka A, Kowalska U, Rakoczy R, Kordas M, Konopacki M, Junka AF, Fijałkowski K. Exposure to non-continuous rotating magnetic field induces metabolic strain-specific response of Komagataeibacter xylinus. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Micro- and Nanocellulose in Polymer Composite Materials: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020231. [PMID: 33440879 PMCID: PMC7827473 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The high demand for plastic and polymeric materials which keeps rising every year makes them important industries, for which sustainability is a crucial aspect to be taken into account. Therefore, it becomes a requirement to makes it a clean and eco-friendly industry. Cellulose creates an excellent opportunity to minimize the effect of non-degradable materials by using it as a filler for either a synthesis matrix or a natural starch matrix. It is the primary substance in the walls of plant cells, helping plants to remain stiff and upright, and can be found in plant sources, agriculture waste, animals, and bacterial pellicle. In this review, we discussed the recent research development and studies in the field of biocomposites that focused on the techniques of extracting micro- and nanocellulose, treatment and modification of cellulose, classification, and applications of cellulose. In addition, this review paper looked inward on how the reinforcement of micro- and nanocellulose can yield a material with improved performance. This article featured the performances, limitations, and possible areas of improvement to fit into the broader range of engineering applications.
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69
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Engström J, Reid MS, Brotherton EE, Malmström E, Armes SP, Hatton FL. Investigating the adsorption of anisotropic diblock copolymer worms onto planar silica and nanocellulose surfaces using a quartz crystal microbalance. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report physical adsorption of highly anisotropic copolymer worms with either anionic or cationic charge onto planar silica, cellulose nanocrystal or cellulose nanofibril surfaces using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Engström
- Division of Coating Technology and Wallenberg Wood Science Center, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael S. Reid
- Division of Fibre Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma E. Brotherton
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Eva Malmström
- Division of Coating Technology and Wallenberg Wood Science Center, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Fiona L. Hatton
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK
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70
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Mautner A, Bismarck A. Bacterial nanocellulose papers with high porosity for optimized permeance and rejection of nm-sized pollutants. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:117130. [PMID: 33142661 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Access to clean potable water is increasingly becoming a struggle for whole humankind, thus water treatment to remediate wastewater and fresh water sources is an important task. Pollutants in the nanoscale, such as viruses and macromolecules, are usually removed by means of membrane filtration processes, predominantly nanofiltration or ultrafiltration. Cellulose nanopapers, prepared from renewable resources and manufactured by papermaking, have recently been demonstrated to be versatile alternatives to polymer membranes in this domain. Unfortunately, so far nanopaper filters suffer from limited permeance and thus efficiency. We here present nanopapers made from bacterial cellulose dispersed in water or different types of low surface tension organic liquids (alcohol, ketone, ether) through a simple papermaking process. Nanopapers prepared from organic liquids (BC-org) exhibited 40 times higher permeance, caused by a lower paper density hence increased porosity, compared to conventional nanopapers produced from aqueous dispersions, ultimately enhancing the efficiency of bacterial cellulose nanopaper membranes. Despite their higher porosity, BC-org nanopapers still have pore sizes of 15-20 nm similar to BC nanopapers made from aqueous dispersions, thus enabling removal of contaminants the size of viruses by a size-exclusion mechanism at high permeance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mautner
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Alexander Bismarck
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
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71
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Drakopoulos SX, Karger‐Kocsis J, Psarras GC. The effect of micro‐fibrillated cellulose upon the dielectric relaxations and DC conductivity in thermoplastic starch bio‐composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stavros X. Drakopoulos
- Smart Materials and Nanodielectrics Laboratory, Department of Materials Science University of Patras Patras Hellas Greece
- Department of Materials Loughborough University Leicestershire United Kingdom
| | - József Karger‐Kocsis
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
- MTA–BME Research Group for Composite Science and Technology Budapest Hungary
| | - Georgios C. Psarras
- Smart Materials and Nanodielectrics Laboratory, Department of Materials Science University of Patras Patras Hellas Greece
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72
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Rollini M, Musatti A, Cavicchioli D, Bussini D, Farris S, Rovera C, Romano D, De Benedetti S, Barbiroli A. From cheese whey permeate to Sakacin-A/bacterial cellulose nanocrystal conjugates for antimicrobial food packaging applications: a circular economy case study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21358. [PMID: 33288830 PMCID: PMC7721719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Applying a circular economy approach, this research explores the use of cheese whey permeate (CWP), by-product of whey ultrafiltration, as cheap substrate for the production of bacterial cellulose (BC) and Sakacin-A, to be used in an antimicrobial packaging material. BC from the acetic acid bacterium Komagataeibacter xylinus was boosted up to 6.77 g/L by supplementing CWP with β-galactosidase. BC was then reduced to nanocrystals (BCNCs, 70% conversion yield), which were then conjugated with Sakacin-A, an anti-Listeria bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sakei in a CWP based broth. Active conjugates (75 Activity Units (AU)/mg), an innovative solution for bacteriocin delivery, were then included in a coating mixture applied onto paper sheets at 25 AU/cm2. The obtained antimicrobial food package was found effective in reducing Listeria population in storage trials carried out on a fresh Italian soft cheese (named "stracchino") intentionally inoculated with Listeria. Production costs of the active material have been mainly found to be associated (90%) to the purification steps. Setting a maximum prudential 50% cost reduction during process up-scaling, conjugates coating formulation would cost around 0.89 €/A4 sheet. Results represent a practical example of a circular economy production procedure by using a food industry by-product to produce antimicrobials for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Rollini
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alida Musatti
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cavicchioli
- ESP, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Bussini
- SSCCP, Paper Area, INNOVHUB - Stazioni Sperimentali per l'Industria S.r.l., Via G. Colombo 83, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Farris
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Rovera
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Romano
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano De Benedetti
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Barbiroli
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Singh A, Walker KT, Ledesma-Amaro R, Ellis T. Engineering Bacterial Cellulose by Synthetic Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9185. [PMID: 33276459 PMCID: PMC7730232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology is an advanced form of genetic manipulation that applies the principles of modularity and engineering design to reprogram cells by changing their DNA. Over the last decade, synthetic biology has begun to be applied to bacteria that naturally produce biomaterials, in order to boost material production, change material properties and to add new functionalities to the resulting material. Recent work has used synthetic biology to engineer several Komagataeibacter strains; bacteria that naturally secrete large amounts of the versatile and promising material bacterial cellulose (BC). In this review, we summarize how genetic engineering, metabolic engineering and now synthetic biology have been used in Komagataeibacter strains to alter BC, improve its production and begin to add new functionalities into this easy-to-grow material. As well as describing the milestone advances, we also look forward to what will come next from engineering bacterial cellulose by synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritpal Singh
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (A.S.); (K.T.W.); (R.L.-A.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kenneth T. Walker
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (A.S.); (K.T.W.); (R.L.-A.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (A.S.); (K.T.W.); (R.L.-A.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tom Ellis
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (A.S.); (K.T.W.); (R.L.-A.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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74
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Barhoum A, Jeevanandam J, Rastogi A, Samyn P, Boluk Y, Dufresne A, Danquah MK, Bechelany M. Plant celluloses, hemicelluloses, lignins, and volatile oils for the synthesis of nanoparticles and nanostructured materials. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22845-22890. [PMID: 33185217 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04795c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A huge variety of plants are harvested worldwide and their different constituents can be converted into a broad range of bionanomaterials. In parallel, much research effort in materials science and engineering is focused on the formation of nanoparticles and nanostructured materials originating from agricultural residues. Cellulose (40-50%), hemicellulose (20-40%), and lignin (20-30%) represent major plant ingredients and many techniques have been described that separate the main plant components for the synthesis of nanocelluloses, nano-hemicelluloses, and nanolignins with divergent and controllable properties. The minor components, such as essential oils, could also be used to produce non-toxic metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with high bioavailability, biocompatibility, and/or bioactivity. This review describes the chemical structure, the physical and chemical properties of plant cell constituents, different techniques for the synthesis of nanocelluloses, nanohemicelluloses, and nanolignins from various lignocellulose sources and agricultural residues, and the extraction of volatile oils from plants as well as their use in metal and metal oxide nanoparticle production and emulsion preparation. Furthermore, details about the formation of activated carbon nanomaterials by thermal treatment of lignocellulose materials, a few examples of mineral extraction from agriculture waste for nanoparticle fabrication, and the emerging applications of plant-based nanomaterials in different fields, such as biotechnology and medicine, environment protection, environmental remediation, or energy production and storage, are also included. This review also briefly discusses the recent developments and challenges of obtaining nanomaterials from plant residues, and the issues surrounding toxicity and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Barhoum
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, 11795 Cairo, Egypt.
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Urbina L, Eceiza A, Gabilondo N, Corcuera MÁ, Retegi A. Tailoring the in situ conformation of bacterial cellulose-graphene oxide spherical nanocarriers. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1249-1260. [PMID: 32673723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC)/graphene oxide (GO) sphere-like hydrogels have been biosynthesized by in situ route in dynamic cultivation. The GO concentration during BC biosynthesis (0.01 and 0.05 mg mL-1) was the determining factor for the conformation of the final hydrogels: encapsulation (BC/GO 0.01) or distribution through all the body of the spheres (BC/GO 0.05). The as-prepared sphere hydrogels were characterized in terms of physico-chemical properties, thermal stability, microstructure, and swelling capacity in different media. In addition, a chemical treatment with ascorbic acid was performed in order to obtain reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into the spheres (BC/rGO). After the chemical treatment, electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) revealed electrical interactions due to the presence of rGO inside the spheres and resistivity values in the range of semiconductive materials were obtained (106 Ω·cm), making BC/rGO spheres promising for the development of electro-stimulated systems. The in vitro release study of ibuprofen (IB), showed that the reduction process led to an increase of 73 and 92% of drug release with respect to BC/GO 0.05 and BC/GO 0.01 spheres, respectively. Moreover, the encapsulation conformation showed more homogeneous porous structure and thus, a cumulative drug release of 63% was reached after 6 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Urbina
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Arantxa Eceiza
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Nagore Gabilondo
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Ángeles Corcuera
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Aloña Retegi
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
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76
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Sriplai N, Pinitsoontorn S. Bacterial cellulose-based magnetic nanocomposites: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 254:117228. [PMID: 33357842 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer that has unique and interesting structural, physical and chemical properties. These characteristics make it very attractive as a starting point for several novel developments in innovative research. However, the pristine BC lacks certain properties, in particular, magnetic property, which can be imparted to BC by incorporation of several types of magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetic nanocomposites based on BC exhibit additional magnetic functionality on top of the excellent properties of pristine BC, which make them promising materials with potential uses in various medical and environmental applications, as well as in advanced electronic devices. This review has compiled information about all classes of BC magnetic nanocomposites fabricated by various synthesis approaches and an overview of applications as well as improved features of these materials. A summary of the key developments of BC magnetic nanocomposites and emphasis on novel advances in this field is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipaporn Sriplai
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Program, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Supree Pinitsoontorn
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Program, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy (IN-RIE), NANOTEC-KKU RNN on Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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77
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A Review on Natural Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer and Cement-Based Composites. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204603. [PMID: 33081091 PMCID: PMC7602782 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of ecological materials for building and industrial applications contributes to minimizing the environmental impact of new technologies. In this context, the cement and geopolymer sectors are considering natural fibers as sustainable reinforcement for developing composites. Natural fibers are renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic, and they exhibit attractive mechanical properties in comparison with their synthetic fiber counterparts. However, their hydrophilic character makes them vulnerable to high volumes of moisture absorption, thus conferring poor wetting with the matrix and weakening the fiber–matrix interface. Therefore, modification and functionalization strategies for natural fibers to tailor interface properties and to improve the durability and mechanical behavior of cement and geopolymer-based composites become highly important. This paper presents a review of the physical, chemical and biological pre-treatments that have been performed on natural fibers, their results and effects on the fiber–matrix interface of cement and geopolymer composites. In addition, the degradation mechanisms of natural fibers used in such composites are discussed. This review finalizes with concluding remarks and recommendations to be addressed through further in-depth studies in the field.
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78
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Thomas P, Duolikun T, Rumjit NP, Moosavi S, Lai CW, Bin Johan MR, Fen LB. Comprehensive review on nanocellulose: Recent developments, challenges and future prospects. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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79
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Thakur K, Kumar V, Kumar V, Yadav SK. Genomic characterization provides genetic evidence for bacterial cellulose synthesis by Acetobacter pasteurianus RSV-4 strain. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:598-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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80
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Nirmal N, Pillay MN, Mariola M, Petruccione F, van Zyl WE. Formation of dialysis-free Kombucha-based bacterial nanocellulose embedded in a polypyrrole/PVA composite for bulk conductivity measurements. RSC Adv 2020; 10:27585-27597. [PMID: 35516931 PMCID: PMC9055618 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04649c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation of dialysis-free bacterial nanocrystalline cellulose (BNCC) combined with a suitable polymer to form a robust conducting material remains a challenge. In this work, we developed a polypyrrole@BNCC/PVA nanocomposite that avoids the time-consuming dialysis step and which exhibits bulk electrical conductivity. The nanocellulose (NC) was derived from bacterial cellulose (BC) that was grown from a symbiotic colony of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) starting from Kombucha tea, and then subjected to sulfuric acid hydrolysis that led to isolable bacterial nanocrystalline cellulose (BNCC) product and subsequently utilized as a stabilizer and support. Pyrrole monomer was reacted with FeCl3·6H2O as a polymerization initiator to form polypyrrole (PPy) and combined with BNCC it produced PPy@BNCC nanocomposite. We found PPy to BNCC in a 1 : 1 ratio provided the best suspension of the components and formed a well dispersed homogeneous network. The PPy@BNCC nanocomposite was then suspended in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), that facilitated the construction of a continuous PPy@BNCC/PVA conductive network in the matrix. We designed an in-house electrical measurement apparatus and developed a method that recorded bulk resistance. The results obtained from the measurements of the electrical properties of the PPy@BNCC/PVA composite prepared dialysis-free were then compared with (i) a dialyzed sample of similar composition, and (ii) a traditional four-point probe measurement. The PPy@BNCC/PVA dialysis-free sample showed a higher conductivity compared to the dialyzed composite at 4.27 × 10-1 and 3.41 × 10-1 S m-1, respectively, and both values closely matched the traditional four-point probe measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Nirmal
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa +27 31 260 3188
| | - Michael N Pillay
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa +27 31 260 3188
| | - Marco Mariola
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa +27 31 260 3188
| | - Francesco Petruccione
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa +27 31 260 3188
| | - Werner E van Zyl
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa +27 31 260 3188
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81
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Pogorelova N, Rogachev E, Digel I, Chernigova S, Nardin D. Bacterial Cellulose Nanocomposites: Morphology and Mechanical Properties. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13122849. [PMID: 32630464 PMCID: PMC7345597 DOI: 10.3390/ma13122849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising material for biomedical applications due to its unique properties such as high mechanical strength and biocompatibility. This article describes the microbiological synthesis, modification, and characterization of the obtained BC-nanocomposites originating from symbiotic consortium Medusomyces gisevii. Two BC-modifications have been obtained: BC-Ag and BC-calcium phosphate (BC-Ca3(PO4)2). Structure and physicochemical properties of the BC and its modifications were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and infrared Fourier spectroscopy as well as by measurements of mechanical and water holding/absorbing capacities. Topographic analysis of the surface revealed multicomponent thick fibrils (150–160 nm in diameter and about 15 µm in length) constituted by 50–60 nm nanofibrils weaved into a left-hand helix. Distinctive features of Ca-phosphate-modified BC samples were (a) the presence of 500–700 nm entanglements and (b) inclusions of Ca3(PO4)2 crystals. The samples impregnated with Ag nanoparticles exhibited numerous roundish inclusions, about 110 nm in diameter. The boundaries between the organic and inorganic phases were very distinct in both cases. The Ag-modified samples also showed a prominent waving pattern in the packing of nanofibrils. The obtained BC gel films possessed water-holding capacity of about 62.35 g/g. However, the dried (to a constant mass) BC-films later exhibited a low water absorption capacity (3.82 g/g). It was found that decellularized BC samples had 2.4 times larger Young’s modulus and 2.2 times greater tensile strength as compared to dehydrated native BC films. We presume that this was caused by molecular compaction of the BC structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pogorelova
- Department of Food and Food Biotechnology, Omsk State Agrarian University, 644008 Omsk, Russia; (N.P.); (S.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Evgeniy Rogachev
- Department of Physics, Omsk State Technical University, 6440050 Omsk, Russia;
| | - Ilya Digel
- Institute for Bioengineering, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428 Juelich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-241-6009-53862
| | - Svetlana Chernigova
- Department of Food and Food Biotechnology, Omsk State Agrarian University, 644008 Omsk, Russia; (N.P.); (S.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Dmitry Nardin
- Department of Food and Food Biotechnology, Omsk State Agrarian University, 644008 Omsk, Russia; (N.P.); (S.C.); (D.N.)
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82
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Gromovykh TI, Pigaleva MA, Gallyamov MO, Ivanenko IP, Ozerova KE, Kharitonova EP, Bahman M, Feldman NB, Lutsenko SV, Kiselyova OI. Structural organization of bacterial cellulose: The origin of anisotropy and layered structures. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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83
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He X, Meng H, Song H, Deng S, He T, Wang S, Wei D, Zhang Z. Novel bacterial cellulose membrane biosynthesized by a new and highly efficient producer Komagataeibacter rhaeticus TJPU03. Carbohydr Res 2020; 493:108030. [PMID: 32442702 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose(BC) is a kind of extracellular polymer synthesized by bacteria and it has very wide applications in many fields. However, the application of BC in a large commercial scale can still not be fulfilled due to the low yield and demanding for BC membranes with very different properties. To this end, a new BC-producer Komagataeibacter rhaeticus TJPU03 was isolated from rotten orange peel, which produced 8.28 ± 0.27 g/L(dry weight) in standard HS medium at the 10th day. The membrane is easier to be purified by one-step alkaline treatment and the produced BC(K-BC) membranes possess homogeneous, looser and more porous three-dimensional network composed by thinner cellulose fibrils. However, the wet K-BC possesses stronger mechanical properties and exhibits lower toxicity and higher cytocompatibility to mammalian cell. Owing to the more porous and homogeneous network, K-BC possesses high loading capacity of cell and protein drugs. Also, it exhibits sustained-controlled release ability for proteinaceous drug. The high yield of this strain and the special characteristics of K-BC predict this strain to be a very promising BC-producer and broad applications of K-BC in the fields of wound healing, scaffolds of tissue engineering, tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling He
- State Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Hongyan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Haode Song
- State Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Shiyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Tingting He
- State Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Dongsheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory of Storage of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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84
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Atykyan N, Revin V, Shutova V. Raman and FT-IR Spectroscopy investigation the cellulose structural differences from bacteria Gluconacetobacter sucrofermentans during the different regimes of cultivation on a molasses media. AMB Express 2020; 10:84. [PMID: 32363535 PMCID: PMC7196602 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used for investigation of structural differences of bacterial celluloses (BC), obtained by cultivation native and immobilized cells of Gluconacetobacter sucrofermentans during static and dynamic regimes of cultivation on a molasses media. It was found that the Raman and FT-IR spectra could characterized the groups of the cellulose molecules. The culturing bacterial cellulose in the presence of results in an increase of crystalline and it increased during cultivated on a molasses media with the addition of 1.5% ethanol-75.62%. The degree of BC crystallinity increased during dynamic regime of cultivation is higher than under static regime one. The maximal BC content was observed when 0.5% ascorbic acid was added to the cultivation medium with molasses and native cells. It was found, the degree of BC crystallinity during static regime cultivation on a molasses medium with ethanol, increased significantly to 73.5%, and during dynamic regime-75.6%. So, in this study, the changes of the bacterial cellulose conformation of were revealed during bacterial cultivation in a medium containing molasses in various cultivation modes.
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85
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Abstract
Bacteria are prime cell factories that can efficiently convert carbon and nitrogen sources into a large diversity of intracellular and extracellular biopolymers, such as polysaccharides, polyamides, polyesters, polyphosphates, extracellular DNA and proteinaceous components. Bacterial polymers have important roles in pathogenicity, and their varied chemical and material properties make them suitable for medical and industrial applications. The same biopolymers when produced by pathogenic bacteria function as major virulence factors, whereas when they are produced by non-pathogenic bacteria, they become food ingredients or biomaterials. Interdisciplinary research has shed light on the molecular mechanisms of bacterial polymer synthesis, identified new targets for antibacterial drugs and informed synthetic biology approaches to design and manufacture innovative materials. This Review summarizes the role of bacterial polymers in pathogenesis, their synthesis and their material properties as well as approaches to design cell factories for production of tailor-made bio-based materials suitable for high-value applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fata Moradali
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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86
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mautner
- Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) GroupInstitute of Materials Chemistry and Research, University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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87
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Cabañas-Romero LV, Valls C, Valenzuela SV, Roncero MB, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P, Martínez J. Bacterial Cellulose–Chitosan Paper with Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1568-1577. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Verónica Cabañas-Romero
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Valls
- CELBIOTECH_Paper Engineering Research Group, EGE Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona Tech, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Susana V. Valenzuela
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Blanca Roncero
- CELBIOTECH_Paper Engineering Research Group, EGE Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona Tech, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - F. I. Javier Pastor
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Diaz
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Martínez
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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88
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Characterization and optimization of production of bacterial cellulose from strain CGMCC 17276 based on whole-genome analysis. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 232:115788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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89
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Films of Bacterial Cellulose Prepared from Solutions in N-Methylmorpholine-N-Oxide: Structure and Properties. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, one of the possible methods of the bacterial cellulose processing is proposed via its dissolution in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide using the stage of mechano-chemical activation of the solid polymer–solvent system. Preliminary solid-phase activation is apparently a decisive factor affecting the dissolution rate of bacterial cellulose in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide. The effects of bacterial cellulose concentration, solvent nature, degree of polymerization and temperature on dissolution time were studied. The rheological behavior of the solutions does not change at 120 °C for at least half an hour that allowed us to process such solutions for films preparation. The films from these solutions by means of dry-wet jet spinning in aqueous coagulant were formed. The structure of the nascent cellulose and formed films was tested by the X-ray diffraction method and SEM. The thermal behavior of the films revealed an increase in the carbon yield for the formed films compared to the nascent bacterial cellulose. The process of film pyrolysis is accompanied by exothermic effects, which are not typical for wood cellulose. Some reasons of such thermal behavior are considered.
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90
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Gupta A, Briffa SM, Swingler S, Gibson H, Kannappan V, Adamus G, Kowalczuk M, Martin C, Radecka I. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Curcumin-Cyclodextrins Loaded into Bacterial Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Wound Dressing Applications. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1802-1811. [PMID: 31967794 PMCID: PMC7588018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Chronic wounds are
often recalcitrant to treatment because of high
microbial bioburden and the problem of microbial resistance. Silver
is a broad-spectrum natural antimicrobial agent with wide applications
extending to proprietary wound dressings. Recently, silver nanoparticles
have attracted attention in wound management. In the current study,
the green synthesis of nanoparticles was accomplished using a natural
reducing agent, curcumin, which is a natural polyphenolic compound
that is well-known as a wound-healing agent. The hydrophobicity of
curcumin was overcome by its microencapsulation in cyclodextrins.
This study demonstrates the production, characterization of silver
nanoparticles using aqueous curcumin:hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
complex and loading them into bacterial cellulose hydrogel with moist
wound-healing properties. These silver nanoparticle-loaded bacterial
cellulose hydrogels were characterized for wound-management applications.
In addition to high cytocompatibility, these novel dressings exhibited
antimicrobial activity against three common wound-infecting pathogenic
microbes Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, and Candida auris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY Wolverhampton, U.K.,Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - Sophie M Briffa
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, U.K
| | - Sam Swingler
- Wolverhampton School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - Hazel Gibson
- Wolverhampton School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, Wolverhampton, U.K.,Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - Vinodh Kannappan
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - Grazyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Claire Martin
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and the Environment, University of Worcester, WR1 3AS Worcester, U.K
| | - Iza Radecka
- Wolverhampton School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, Wolverhampton, U.K.,Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY Wolverhampton, U.K
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91
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Blanco Parte FG, Santoso SP, Chou CC, Verma V, Wang HT, Ismadji S, Cheng KC. Current progress on the production, modification, and applications of bacterial cellulose. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:397-414. [PMID: 31937141 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1713721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adoption of biomass for the development of biobased products has become a routine agenda in evolutionary metabolic engineering. Cellulose produced by bacteria is a "rising star" for this sustainable development. Unlike plant cellulose, bacterial cellulose (BC) shows several unique properties like a high degree of crystallinity, high purity, high water retention, high mechanical strength, and enhanced biocompatibility. Favored with those extraordinary properties, BC could serve as ideal biomass for the development of various industrial products. However, a low yield and the requirement for large growth media have been a persistent challenge in mass production of BC. A significant number of techniques has been developed in achieving efficient BC production. This includes the modification of bioreactors, fermentation parameters, and growth media. In this article, we summarize progress in metabolic engineering in order to solve BC growth limitation. This article emphasizes current engineered BC production by using various bioreactors, as well as highlighting the structure of BC fermented by different types of engineered-bioreactors. The comprehensive overview of the future applications of BC, aims to provide readers with insight into new economic opportunities of BC and their modifiable properties for various industrial applications. Modifications in chemical composition, structure, and genetic regulation, which preceded the advancement of BC applications, were also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco German Blanco Parte
- Polymer Biotechnology Group, Microbial and Plant Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chan Chou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Hsueh-Ting Wang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suryadi Ismadji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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92
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Nawawi WMFBW, Jones M, Murphy RJ, Lee KY, Kontturi E, Bismarck A. Nanomaterials Derived from Fungal Sources-Is It the New Hype? Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:30-55. [PMID: 31592650 PMCID: PMC7076696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Greener alternatives to synthetic polymers are constantly being investigated and sought after. Chitin is a natural polysaccharide that gives structural support to crustacean shells, insect exoskeletons, and fungal cell walls. Like cellulose, chitin resides in nanosized structural elements that can be isolated as nanofibers and nanocrystals by various top-down approaches, targeted at disintegrating the native construct. Chitin has, however, been largely overshadowed by cellulose when discussing the materials aspects of the nanosized components. This Perspective presents a thorough overview of chitin-related materials research with an analytical focus on nanocomposites and nanopapers. The red line running through the text emphasizes the use of fungal chitin that represents several advantages over the more popular crustacean sources, particularly in terms of nanofiber isolation from the native matrix. In addition, many β-glucans are preserved in chitin upon its isolation from the fungal matrix, enabling new horizons for various engineering solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan M. F. B. W. Nawawi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Biotechnology Engineering, International
Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mitchell Jones
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora
East Campus, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia
- Polymer and
Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry
and Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger
Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard J. Murphy
- Centre
for Environment & Sustainability, University
of Surrey, Arthur C Clarke
building, Floor 2, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K.
| | - Koon-Yang Lee
- Department
of Aeronautics, Imperial College London,
South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Alexander Bismarck
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Polymer and
Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry
and Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger
Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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93
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Buldum G, Tsipa A, Mantalaris A. Linking Engineered Gene Circuit Kinetic Modeling to Cellulose Biosynthesis Prediction in Escherichia coli: Toward Bioprocessing of Microbial Cell Factories. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Buldum
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Argyro Tsipa
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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94
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Raghavendran V, Asare E, Roy I. Bacterial cellulose: Biosynthesis, production, and applications. Adv Microb Physiol 2020; 77:89-138. [PMID: 34756212 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer produced by the acetic acid producing bacterium and has gathered much interest over the last decade for its biomedical and biotechnological applications. Unlike the plant derived cellulose nanofibres, which require pretreatment to deconstruct the recalcitrant lignocellulosic network, BC are 100% pure, and are extruded by cells as nanofibrils. Moreover, these nanofibrils can be converted to macrofibers that possess excellent material properties, surpassing even the strength of steel, and can be used as substitutes for fossil fuel derived synthetic fibers. The focus of the review is to present the fundamental long-term research on the influence of environmental factors on the organism's BC production capabilities, the production methods that are available for scaling up/scaled-up processes, and its use as a bulk commodity or for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendran Raghavendran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Asare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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95
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Gismatulina YA, Gladysheva EK, Budaeva VV, Sakovich GV. Synthesis of bacterial cellulose nitrates. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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96
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Ashrafi Z, Lucia L, Krause W. Bioengineering tunable porosity in bacterial nanocellulose matrices. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9359-9367. [PMID: 31697286 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01895f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A facile and effective method is described to engineer original bacterial cellulose fibrous networks with tunable porosity. We showed that the pore shape, volume, and size distribution of bacterial nanocellulose membranes can be tailored under appropriate culture conditions specifically carbon sources. Pore characterization techniques such as capillary flow porometry, the bubble point method, and gas adsorption-desorption technique as well as visualization techniques such as scanning electron and atomic force microscopy were utilized to investigate the morphology and shape of the pores within the membranes. Engineering various shape, size and volume characteristics of the pores available in pristine bacterial nanocellulose membranes leads to fabrication and development of eco-friendly materials with required characteristics for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ashrafi
- Fiber and Polymer Science, NC State University, Campus Box 7616, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
| | - Lucian Lucia
- Fiber and Polymer Science, NC State University, Campus Box 7616, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA. and Department of Forest Biomaterials, NC State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA and Department of Chemistry, NC State University, Campus Box 8204, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA and State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials & Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology/Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
| | - Wendy Krause
- Fiber and Polymer Science, NC State University, Campus Box 7616, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
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97
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Chen G, Chen L, Wang W, Chen S, Wang H, Wei Y, Hong FF. Improved bacterial nanocellulose production from glucose without the loss of quality by evaluating thirteen agitator configurations at low speed. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 12:1387-1402. [PMID: 31503407 PMCID: PMC6801155 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen agitator configurations were investigated at low speed in stirred-tank reactors (STRs) to determine if improved crude bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) productivity can be achieved from glucose-based media while maintaining high BNC quality using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 23770 as a model organism. A comparison of five single impellers showed the pitched blade (large) was the optimal impeller at 300 rpm. The BNC production was further increased by maintaining the pH at 5.0. Among the single helical ribbon and frame impellers and the combined impellers, the twin pitched blade provided the best results. The combined impellers at 150 rpm performed better than the single impellers, and after optimizing the agitation conditions, the twin pitched blade (large) and helical ribbon impellers performed the best at 100 rpm. The performances of different agitators at low speed during BNC production were related to how efficiently the agitators improved the oxygen mass transfer coefficient. The twin pitched blade (large) was verified as providing the optimum performance by an observed crude BNC production of 1.97 g (L×d)-1 and a BNC crude yield of consumed glucose of 0.41 g g-1 , which were 2.25 and 2.37 times higher than the initial values observed using the single impeller respectively. Further characterization indicated that the BNC obtained at 100 rpm from the STR equipped with the optimal agitator maintained high degree of polymerization and crystallinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genqiang Chen
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco‐textileMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
| | - Lin Chen
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco‐textileMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Yen Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polymer ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanotechnology and Institute of Biomedical TechnologyChung‐Yuan Christian UniversityTaiwanChina
| | - Feng F. Hong
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco‐textileMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
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98
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Characterization of Hydrothermal Deposition of Copper Oxide Nanoleaves on Never-Dried Bacterial Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11111762. [PMID: 31717841 PMCID: PMC6918234 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has attracted a great deal of interest due to its green synthesis and biocompatibility. The nanoscale dimension of BC nanofibers generates an enormous surface area that enhances interactions with water and soluble components within aqueous solution. Recent work has demonstrated that BC is a versatile platform for the formation of metal/metal oxide nanocomposites. Copper oxide (CuO) is a useful material to compare nanomaterial deposition on BC with other cellulosic materials because of copper’s colorimetric reaction as it forms copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) and transitions to CuO. In this research, we found that never-dried BC readily deposits CuO into its matrix in a way that does not occur on cotton, dried BC, or regenerated cellulose fibers. We conclude that hydroxyl group availability does not adequately explain our results and that intrafibrillar pores in never-dried BC nanofibers play a critical role in CuO deposition.
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99
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Soares da Silva FAG, Fernandes M, Souto AP, Ferreira EC, Dourado F, Gama M. Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9143-9154. [PMID: 31650194 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). Further, the BNC obtained was used to produce composites. A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. The results show that BNC composites with distinct performances can be easily designed by simply varying the polymers percentage contents. This strategy represents a simple approach towards the production of BNC and BNC-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Fernandes
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António Pedro Souto
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eugénio C Ferreira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Dourado
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Gama
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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100
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Sajadi E, Fatemi SSA, Babaeipour V, Deldar AA, Yakhchali B, Anvar MS. Increased cellulose production by heterologous expression of bcsA and B genes from Gluconacetobacterxylinus in E. coli Nissle 1917. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:2023-2034. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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