51
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Kirienko M, Sollini M, Corbetta M, Voulaz E, Gozzi N, Interlenghi M, Gallivanone F, Castiglioni I, Asselta R, Duga S, Soldà G, Chiti A. Radiomics and gene expression profile to characterise the disease and predict outcome in patients with lung cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:3643-3655. [PMID: 33959797 PMCID: PMC8440255 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective The objectives of our study were to assess the association of radiomic and genomic data with histology and patient outcome in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods In this retrospective single-centre observational study, we selected 151 surgically treated patients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma who performed baseline [18F] FDG PET/CT. A subgroup of patients with cancer tissue samples at the Institutional Biobank (n = 74/151) was included in the genomic analysis. Features were extracted from both PET and CT images using an in-house tool. The genomic analysis included detection of genetic variants, fusion transcripts, and gene expression. Generalised linear model (GLM) and machine learning (ML) algorithms were used to predict histology and tumour recurrence. Results Standardised uptake value (SUV) and kurtosis (among the PET and CT radiomic features, respectively), and the expression of TP63, EPHA10, FBN2, and IL1RAP were associated with the histotype. No correlation was found between radiomic features/genomic data and relapse using GLM. The ML approach identified several radiomic/genomic rules to predict the histotype successfully. The ML approach showed a modest ability of PET radiomic features to predict relapse, while it identified a robust gene expression signature able to predict patient relapse correctly. The best-performing ML radiogenomic rule predicting the outcome resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87. Conclusions Radiogenomic data may provide clinically relevant information in NSCLC patients regarding the histotype, aggressiveness, and progression. Gene expression analysis showed potential new biomarkers and targets valuable for patient management and treatment. The application of ML allows to increase the efficacy of radiogenomic analysis and provides novel insights into cancer biology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00259-021-05371-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Kirienko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Sollini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marinella Corbetta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Voulaz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Gozzi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Interlenghi
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Milan, Italy
- DeepTrace Technologies s.r.l., Via Conservatorio 17, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gallivanone
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Castiglioni
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Milan, Italy
- Department of Physics "G. Occhialini", University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Asselta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Duga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Soldà
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Arturo Chiti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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52
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Li G, Meng H, Bai Y, Wei W, Feng Y, Li M, Li H, He M, Zhang X, Wei S, Li Y, Guo H. DNA methylome analysis identifies BMI-related epigenetic changes associated with non-small cell lung cancer susceptibility. Cancer Med 2021; 10:3770-3781. [PMID: 33939316 PMCID: PMC8178488 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Body mass index (BMI) has been reported to be inversely associated with incident risk of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of DNA methylation in the relationship between BMI and NSCLC. Methods We carried out a genome‐wide DNA methylation study of BMI in peripheral blood among 2266 Chinese participants by using Illumina Methylation arrays. For the BMI‐related DNA methylation changes, their associations with NSCLC risk were further analyzed and their mediation effects on BMI‐NSCLC association were also evaluated. Results The methylation levels of four CpGs (cg12593793, cg17061862, cg11024682, and cg06500161, annotated to LMNA, ZNF143, SREBF1, and ABCG1, respectively) were found to be significantly associated with BMI. Methylation levels of cg12593793, cg11024682, and cg06500161 were observed to be inversely associated with NSCLC risk [OR (95%CI) =0.22 (0.16, 0.31), 0.39 (0.30, 0.50), and 0.66 (0.53, 0.82), respectively]. Additionally, cg11024682 in SREBF1 and cg06500161 in ABCG1 mediated 45.3% and 19.5% of the association between BMI and decreased NSCLC risk, respectively. Conclusions In this study, we identified four DNA methylation sites associated with BMI in the Chinese populations at the genome‐wide significant level. We also found that the BMI‐related methylations of SREBF1 and ABCG1 could mediate about a quintile‐to‐half of the effect of BMI on reduced NSCLC risk, which adds a potential mechanism underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyanan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Meng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yansen Bai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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53
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Chen E, Zhou J, Xu E, Zhang C, Liu J, Zhou J, Li M, Wu J, Yang Q. A genome-wide screen for differentially methylated long noncoding RNAs identified that lncAC007255.8 is regulated by promoter DNA methylation in Beas-2B cells malignantly transformed by NNK. Toxicol Lett 2021; 346:34-46. [PMID: 33872747 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco exposure is well known to induce genetic and epigenetic changes that contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a significant tobacco-specific carcinogen, but the oncogenic mechanisms of NNK have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study we found that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was overexpressed in malignantly transformed human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells induced by NNK (2B-NNK cells), by treatment with NNK (400 μg/mL) for 7 days. An Arraystar Human noncoding RNA Promoter Microarray was used to detect the DNA methylation status of the promoter region of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). The result showed that 1010 differentially methylated fragments were present in the lncRNA promoter region. QRT-PCR revealed that the expression of lncRNA AC007255.8 was remarkably downregulated in 2B-NNK cells and lung cancer tissues. Furthermore, Methylation-specific PCR showed that the methylation of the lncRNA AC007255.8 promoter was increased in 2B-NNK cells and lung cancer tissues. The reduced expression of lncRNA AC007255.8 was significantly associated with hypermethylation of lncRNA AC007255.8 promoter region. LncRNA AC007255.8 overexpression could result in decreased cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis in 2B-NNK cells. In conclusion, NNK induced lncRNA AC007255.8 promoter hypermethylation via upregulation of DNMT1 in Beas-2B cells, leading to downregulation of lncRNA AC007255.8, and ultimately the enhancement of cell proliferation and the inhibition of apoptosis. This research affords novel insights into the epigenetic mechanisms of lung cancer, and will stimulate further research into the involvement of aberrant DNA methylation of non-coding regions of the genome in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, China; The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, China; The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Enwu Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiazhen Zhou
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mengcheng Li
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, China; The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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Wang H, Zhang K, Liu J, Yang J, Tian Y, Yang C, Li Y, Shao M, Su W, Song N. Curcumin Regulates Cancer Progression: Focus on ncRNAs and Molecular Signaling Pathways. Front Oncol 2021; 11:660712. [PMID: 33912467 PMCID: PMC8072122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.660712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin [(1E,6E) ‑1,7‑bis(4‑hydroxy‑3‑methoxyphenyl) hepta‑1,6‑diene‑3,5‑ dione] is a natural polyphenol derived from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa. Accumulated evidences have presented curcumin’s function in terms of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, and especially anti-tumor activities. Studies demonstrated that curcumin could exert anti-tumor activity via multiple biological signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, NF-ĸB and apoptosis related signaling pathways. Moreover, Curcumin can inhibit tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis by regulating tumor related non-coding RNA (ncRNA) expression. In this review, we summarized the roles of curcumin in regulating signaling pathways and ncRNAs in different kinds of cancers. We also discussed the regulatory effect of curcumin through inhibiting carcinogenic miRNA and up regulating tumor suppressive miRNA. Furthermore, we aim to illustrate the cross regulatory relationship between ncRNA and signaling pathways, further to get a better understanding of the anti-tumor mechanism of curcumin, thus lay a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of curcumin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yidan Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yushan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Minglong Shao
- Department of Mental Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Na Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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55
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Su SF, Liu CH, Cheng CL, Ho CC, Yang TY, Chen KC, Hsu KH, Tseng JS, Chen HW, Chang GC, Yu SL, Li KC. Genome-Wide Epigenetic Landscape of Lung Adenocarcinoma Links HOXB9 DNA Methylation to Intrinsic EGFR-TKI Resistance and Heterogeneous Responses. JCO Precis Oncol 2021; 5:PO.20.00151. [PMID: 34036228 PMCID: PMC8140798 DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show efficacy in treating patients with lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-activating mutations. However, a significant subset of targeted patients fail to respond. Unlike acquired resistance (AR), intrinsic resistance (IR) remains poorly understood. We investigated whether epigenomic factors contribute to patient-to-patient heterogeneity in the EGFR-TKI response and aimed to characterize the IR subpopulation that obtains no benefit from EGFR-TKIs. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of 79 tumors sampled from patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma before they received EGFR-TKI treatment and analyzed the patient responses. Pyrosequencing was performed in a validation cohort of 163 patients with EGFR-activating mutations. RESULTS A DNA methylation landscape of 216 CpG sites with differential methylation was established to elucidate the association of DNA methylation with the characteristics and EGFR-TKI response status of the patients. Functional analysis of 37 transcription-repressive sites identified the enrichment of transcription factors, notably homeobox (HOX) genes. DNA methylation of HOXB9 (cg13643585) in the enhancer region yielded 88% sensitivity for predicting drug response (odds ratio [OR], 6.64; 95% CI, 1.98 to 25.23; P = .0009). Pyrosequencing validated that HOXB9 gained methylation in patients with a poor EGFR-TKI response (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.13 to 8.19; P = .019). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that homeobox DNA methylation could be a novel tumor cellular state that can aid the precise categorization of tumor heterogeneity in the study of IR to EGFR-TKIs. We identified, for the first time, an epigenomic factor that can potentially complement DNA mutation status in discriminating patients with lung adenocarcinoma who are less likely to benefit from EGFR-TKI treatment, thereby leading to improved patient management in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fang Su
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,YongLin Institute of Health, YongLin Scholar, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Liu
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Ling Cheng
- NTU Centers for Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Internal Medicine, Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- NTU Centers for Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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56
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Song Q, Chen P, Liu XM. The role of cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in COPD. Respir Res 2021; 22:39. [PMID: 33546691 PMCID: PMC7866753 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality. It has become the fifth most burdened and the third most deadly disease in the global economy and increases year by year. The prevention and treatment of COPD are urgent. Smoking is the main and most common risk factor for COPD. Cigarette smoke (CS) contains a large number of toxic substances, can cause a series of changes in the trachea, lung tissue, pulmonary blood vessels, and promotes the occurrence and development of COPD. In recent years, the development of epigenetics and molecular biology have provided new guidance for revealing the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. The latest research indicates that pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis initiates and participates in the pathogenesis of COPD. In this review, we summarize the current research on the epigenetic mechanisms and molecular biology of CS-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in COPD, providing a new research direction for pathogenesis of COPD and a new target for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiang-Ming Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
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Sharma A, Liu H, Herwig-Carl MC, Chand Dakal T, Schmidt-Wolf IGH. Epigenetic Regulatory Enzymes: mutation Prevalence and Coexistence in Cancers. Cancer Invest 2021; 39:257-273. [PMID: 33411587 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1872593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is an important layer of transcriptional control with the particularity to affect the broad spectrum of genome. Over the years, largely due to the substantial number of recurrent mutations, there have been hundreds of novel driver genes characterized in various cancers. Additionally, the relative contribution of two dysregulated epigenomic entities (DNA methylation and histone modifications) that gradually drive the cancer phenotype remains in the research focus. However, a complex scenario arises when the disease phenotype does not harbor any relevant mutation or an abnormal transcription level. Although the cancer landscape involves the contribution of multiple genetic and non-genetic factors, herein, we discuss specifically the mutation spectrum of epigenetically-related enzymes in cancer. In addition, we address the coexistence of these two epigenetic entities in malignant human diseases, especially cancer. We suggest that the study of epigenetically-related somatic mutations in the early cellular differentiation stage of embryonic development might help to understand their later-staged footprints in the cancer genome. Furthermore, understanding the co-occurrence and/or inverse association of different disease types and redefining the general definition of "healthy" controls could provide insights into the genome reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sharma
- Department of Integrated Oncology, CIO Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hongde Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Tikam Chand Dakal
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf
- Department of Integrated Oncology, CIO Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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58
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De Chiara L, Leiro-Fernandez V, Rodríguez-Girondo M, Valverde D, Botana-Rial MI, Fernández-Villar A. Comparison of Bisulfite Pyrosequencing and Methylation-Specific qPCR for Methylation Assessment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239242. [PMID: 33287451 PMCID: PMC7730915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Different methodological approaches are available to assess DNA methylation biomarkers. In this study, we evaluated two sodium bisulfite conversion-dependent methods, namely pyrosequencing and methylation-specific qPCR (MS-qPCR), with the aim of measuring the closeness of agreement of methylation values between these two methods and its effect when setting a cut-off. Methylation of tumor suppressor gene p16/INK4A was evaluated in 80 lung cancer patients from which cytological lymph node samples were obtained. Cluster analyses were used to establish methylated and unmethylated groups for each method. Agreement and concordance between pyrosequencing and MS-qPCR was evaluated with Pearson’s correlation, Bland–Altman, Cohen’s kappa index and ROC curve analyses. Based on these analyses, cut-offs were derived for MS-qPCR. An acceptable correlation (Pearson’s R2 = 0.738) was found between pyrosequencing (PYRmean) and MS-qPCR (NMP; normalized methylation percentage), providing similar clinical results when categorizing data as binary using cluster analysis. Compared to pyrosequencing, MS-qPCR tended to underestimate methylation for values between 0 and 15%, while for methylation >30% overestimation was observed. The estimated cut-off for MS-qPCR data based on cluster analysis, kappa-index agreement and ROC curve analysis were much lower than that derived from pyrosequencing. In conclusion, our results indicate that independently of the approach used for estimating the cut-off, the methylation percentage obtained through MS-qPCR is lower than that calculated for pyrosequencing. These differences in data and therefore in the cut-off should be examined when using methylation biomarkers in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta De Chiara
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-986-813-841
| | - Virginia Leiro-Fernandez
- Pulmonary Department, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, EOXI Vigo, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (V.L.-F.); (M.I.B.-R.); (A.F.-V.)
- PneumoVigo I +i Research Group, Sanitary Research Institute Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Mar Rodríguez-Girondo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Diana Valverde
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - María Isabel Botana-Rial
- Pulmonary Department, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, EOXI Vigo, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (V.L.-F.); (M.I.B.-R.); (A.F.-V.)
- PneumoVigo I +i Research Group, Sanitary Research Institute Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Villar
- Pulmonary Department, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, EOXI Vigo, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (V.L.-F.); (M.I.B.-R.); (A.F.-V.)
- PneumoVigo I +i Research Group, Sanitary Research Institute Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), 36213 Vigo, Spain
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Hong Y, Kim WJ. DNA Methylation Markers in Lung Cancer. Curr Genomics 2020; 22:79-87. [PMID: 34220295 PMCID: PMC8188581 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921999201013164110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. As early symptoms of lung cancer are minimal and non-specific, many patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Despite a concerted effort to diagnose lung cancer early, no biomarkers that can be used for lung cancer screening and prognosis prediction have been established so far. As global DNA demethylation and gene-specific promoter DNA methylation are present in lung cancer, DNA methylation biomarkers have become a major area of research as potential alternative diagnostic methods to detect lung cancer at an early stage. This review summarizes the emerging DNA methylation changes in lung cancer tumorigenesis, focusing on biomarkers for early detection and their potential clinical applications in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Xie X, Ning Y, Long J, Wang H, Chen X. Diverse CBX family members as potential prognostic biomarkers in non-small-cell lung cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:2206-2215. [PMID: 32894652 PMCID: PMC7530393 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromobox (CBX) family members are vital epigenetic regulators that repress the transcription of target genes through chromatin modification. Several studies have investigated the role of CBX family members in cancer. However, the function and prognostic value of diverse CBX family members in non‐small‐cell lung cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, we reveal that CBX family members are overexpressed in non‐small‐cell lung cancer tissue compared with normal lung tissue, with the exception of CBX6. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that high expressions of CBX1 and CBX3 are correlated with overall survival, disease‐specific survival, disease‐free interval, and progression‐free interval for patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Furthermore, regression model analysis suggests that CBX3 may be suitable as an independent prediction factor for overall survival and progression‐free interval in patients with LUAD. In addition, CBX3 mRNA expression was found to be associated with tumor diameter and lymph node metastasis. Gene enrichment analysis suggests that CBX3 is involved in the cell cycle and P53 signaling pathways. Aberrant expression of CBX3 in LUAD is correlated with DNA copy number alteration. In summary, our data imply that CBX3 plays an important role in the promotion of LUAD and may thus have potential as a prognostic biomarker and molecular therapeutic target for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Ning
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Long
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Epigenetic Silencing of LMX1A Contributes to Cancer Progression in Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155425. [PMID: 32751497 PMCID: PMC7432919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modification is considered a major mechanism of the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes that finally contributes to carcinogenesis. LIM homeobox transcription factor 1α (LMX1A) is one of the LIM-homeobox-containing genes that is a critical regulator of growth and differentiation. Recently, LMX1A was shown to be hypermethylated and functioned as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and gastric cancer. However, its role in lung cancer has not yet been clarified. In this study, we used public databases, methylation-specific PCR (MSP), reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and bisulfite genomic sequencing to show that LMX1A was downregulated or silenced due to promoter hypermethylation in lung cancers. Treatment of lung cancer cells with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine restored LMX1A expression. In the lung cancer cell lines H23 and H1299, overexpression of LMX1A did not affect cell proliferation but suppressed colony formation and invasion. These suppressive effects were reversed after inhibition of LMX1A expression in an inducible expression system in H23 cells. The quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) data showed that LMX1A could modulate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through E-cadherin (CDH1) and fibronectin (FN1). NanoString gene expression analysis revealed that all aberrantly expressed genes were associated with processes related to cancer progression, including angiogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, EMT, cancer metastasis, and hypoxia-related gene expression. Taken together, these data demonstrated that LMX1A is inactivated through promoter hypermethylation and functions as a tumor suppressor. Furthermore, LMX1A inhibits non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell invasion partly through modulation of EMT, angiogenesis, and ECM remodeling.
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Noguera-Uclés JF, Boyero L, Salinas A, Cordero Varela JA, Benedetti JC, Bernabé-Caro R, Sánchez-Gastaldo A, Alonso M, Paz-Ares L, Molina-Pinelo S. The Roles of Imprinted SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS Gene Overexpression Caused by Promoter CpG Island Hypomethylation as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082075. [PMID: 32726996 PMCID: PMC7466018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a process that involves one gene copy turned-off in a parent-of-origin-dependent manner. The regulation of imprinted genes is broadly dependent on promoter methylation marks, which are frequently associated with both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. The purpose of this study was to assess the DNA methylation patterns of the imprinted solute-carrier family 22 member 18 (SLC22A18) and SLC22A18 antisense (SLC22A18AS) genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients to study their relevance to the disease. We found that both genes were hypomethylated in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patients. Due to this imprinting loss, SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS were found to be overexpressed in NSCLC tissues, which is significantly more evident in lung adenocarcinoma patients. These results were validated through analyses of public databases of NSCLC patients. The reversed gene profile of both genes was achieved in vitro by treatment with ademetionine. We then showed that high SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS expression levels were significantly associated with worsening disease progression. In addition, low levels of SLC22A18AS were also correlated with better overall survival for lung adenocarcinoma patients. We found that SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS knockdown inhibits cell proliferation in vitro. All these results suggest that both genes may be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in NSCLC, revealing novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Noguera-Uclés
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Laura Boyero
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Ana Salinas
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Juan Antonio Cordero Varela
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Johana Cristina Benedetti
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Reyes Bernabé-Caro
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Amparo Sánchez-Gastaldo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Miriam Alonso
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre & Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Molina-Pinelo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Potential Prognostic Role of SPARC Methylation in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061523. [PMID: 32580473 PMCID: PMC7349117 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The silencing of SPARC (secreted protein acid and rich in cysteine) gene through methylation of its promoter region represents a common event in many solid tumors and it is frequently associated with tumor progression and an aggressive clinical outcome. Anyhow, the data concerning the epigenetic mechanism of SPARC deregulation and its prognostic value in lung cancer are still incomplete. We explored the aberrant methylation of SPARC and its effects in 4 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and 59 NSCLC tissues and correlated the methylation levels with clinical-pathological features and disease outcome of patients. In 3 out of 4 tumor cell lines high SPARC methylation levels were observed. An inverse correlation between the epigenetic silencing and SPARC expression was confirmed by 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine ((5-Aza-CdR) treatment that also significantly induced a reduction in cell viability, proliferation and tumor cell migration. In tissues, the DNA methylation levels of the SPARC gene were significantly lower in paired non-neoplastic lungs (NLs) and normal lungs distant from tumor (NLDTs) than in NSCLCs (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0034 respectively). A promoter hypermethylation was detected in 68% of squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCs, 17/25) and 56% of adenocarcinoma (ADCs, 19/34), with SqCC showing the highest levels of methylation. Higher SPARC methylation levels were significantly associated with higher mortality risk both in all NSCLCs early stage patients (Hazard Ratio, HR = 1.97; 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 1.32–2.93; p = 0.001) and in those with SqCC (HR = 2.96; 95% CI: 1.43–6.12; p = 0.003). Promoter methylation of SPARC gene should represent an interesting prognostic biomarker in NSCLC, with potential application in the squamous early-stage context. Further research in this setting on larger independent cohorts of lung patients with different histologies and stages of disease are warranted.
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MiR-320a is associated with cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical value in non-small cell lung cancer: A comprehensive analysis based on microarray data. Lung Cancer 2020; 147:193-197. [PMID: 32731058 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the main treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is surgery and chemotherapy. Although major progress has been made in targeted treatment and immunotherapy, the survival rates for this disease are still low and associated with resistance to chemotherapy. Previous studies have shown that histone acetylation and microRNAs (miRNAs) might play an important role in chemotherapy resistance. The aim of this study was to identify candidate miRNAs related to cisplatin (DDP) resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS We used 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A to reverse the drug resistance of A549/DDP cells in vitro, and miRNA expression profiling was performed by microarrays to identify candidate miRNAs. In addition, we investigated the correlations between miR-320a expression and clinical characteristics through data collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarrays, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to determine the clinical role of miR-320a in lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, we investigated the biological function of miR-320a. TargetScanHuman, PicTar2005 and miRanda v5.1. were used to predict the target genes of miR-320a; then, the function of these genes were suggested from the enrichment of GO categories items and KEGG analyses. RESULTS Treatment with 5-Aza-dc significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, and increased apoptosis in the A549/DDP cells compared with the untreated cells. TSA did not reverse cisplatin resistance. MiR-320a was up-regulated during reversal of cisplatin resistance. The lung adenocarcinoma groups had a significantly lower level of miR-320a expression than the control groups. For the bioinformatics analyses, we found some target genes involved in cell cycle progression, tumor progression, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the ErbB signaling pathway. The promising target genes were highly enriched in various pathways in cancer. CONCLUSIONS The current study confirmed miR-320a was up-regulated during the revering of cisplatin resistance. The results of bioinformatics analyses may present a new method for investigating the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Bandyopadhayaya S, Ford B, Mandal CC. Cold-hearted: A case for cold stress in cancer risk. J Therm Biol 2020; 91:102608. [PMID: 32716858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A negative correlation exists between environmental temperature and cancer risk based on both epidemiological and statistical analyses. Previously, cold stress was reported to be an effective cause of tumorigenesis. Several studies have demonstrated that cold temperature serves as a potential risk factor in cancer development. Most recently, a link was demonstrated between the effects of extreme cold climate on cancer incidence, pinpointing its impact on tumour suppressor genes by causing mutation. The underlying mechanism behind cold stress and its association with tumorigenesis is not well understood. Hence, this review intends to shed light on the role of associated factors, genetic and/or non-genetic, which are modulated by cold temperature, and eventually influence tumorigenic potential. While scrutinizing the effect of cold exposure on the body, the expression of certain genes, e.g. uncoupled proteins and heat-shock proteins, were elevated. Biological chemicals such as norepinephrine, thyroxine, and cholesterol were also elevated. Brown adipose tissue, which plays an essential role in thermogenesis, displayed enhanced activity upon cold exposure. Adaptive measures are utilized by the body to tolerate the cold, and in doing so, invites both epigenetic and genetic changes. Unknowingly, these adaptive strategies give rise to a lethal outcome i.e., genesis of cancer. Concisely, this review attempts to draw a link between cold stress, genetic and epigenetic changes, and tumorigenesis and aspires to ascertain the mechanism behind cold temperature-mediated cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bridget Ford
- Department of Biology, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, 78209, USA
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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Ciesielski O, Biesiekierska M, Panthu B, Vialichka V, Pirola L, Balcerczyk A. The Epigenetic Profile of Tumor Endothelial Cells. Effects of Combined Therapy with Antiangiogenic and Epigenetic Drugs on Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072606. [PMID: 32283668 PMCID: PMC7177242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors require a constant supply of nutrients to grow which are provided through tumor blood vessels. To metastasize, tumors need a route to enter circulation, that route is also provided by tumor blood vessels. Thus, angiogenesis is necessary for both tumor progression and metastasis. Angiogenesis is tightly regulated by a balance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Angiogenic factors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family lead to the activation of endothelial cells, proliferation, and neovascularization. Significant VEGF-A upregulation is commonly observed in cancer cells, also due to hypoxic conditions, and activates endothelial cells (ECs) by paracrine signaling stimulating cell migration and proliferation, resulting in tumor-dependent angiogenesis. Conversely, antiangiogenic factors inhibit angiogenesis by suppressing ECs activation. One of the best-known anti-angiogenic factors is thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). In pathological angiogenesis, the balance shifts towards the proangiogenic factors and an angiogenic switch that promotes tumor angiogenesis. Here, we review the current literature supporting the notion of the existence of two different endothelial lineages: normal endothelial cells (NECs), representing the physiological form of vascular endothelium, and tumor endothelial cells (TECs), which are strongly promoted by the tumor microenvironment and are biologically different from NECs. The angiogenic switch would be also important for the explanation of the differences between NECs and TECs, as angiogenic factors, cytokines and growth factors secreted into the tumor microenvironment may cause genetic instability. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic differences between the two endothelial lineages, which provide a possible window for pharmacological targeting of TECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Ciesielski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
- The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Biesiekierska
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Baptiste Panthu
- INSERM Unit 1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet—BP12, F-69495 Pierre Bénite CEDEX, France; (B.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Varvara Vialichka
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Luciano Pirola
- INSERM Unit 1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet—BP12, F-69495 Pierre Bénite CEDEX, France; (B.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-45-10
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Li N, Zeng Y, Huang J. Signaling pathways and clinical application of RASSF1A and SHOX2 in lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:1379-1393. [PMID: 32266538 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have focused on the early diagnostic value of the methylation of RASSF1A and SHOX2 in lung cancer. However, the intricate cellular events related to RASSF1A and SHOX2 in lung cancer are still a mystery. For researchers and clinicians aiming to more profoundly understand the diagnostic value of methylated RASSF1A and SHOX2 in lung cancer, this review will provide deeper insights into the molecular events of RASSF1A and SHOX2 in lung cancer. METHODOLOGY We searched for relevant publications in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the keywords "RASSF1A", "SHOX2" and "lung cancer" etc. First, we reviewed the RASSF1A and SHOX2 genes, from their family structures to the functions of their basic structural domains. Then we mainly focused on the roles of RASSF1A and SHOX2 in lung cancer, especially on their molecular events in recent decades. Finally, we compared the value of measuring RASSF1A and SHOX2 gene methylation with that of the common methods for the diagnosis of lung cancer patients. RESULTS The RASSF1A and SHOX2 genes were confirmed to be regulators or effectors of multiple cancer signaling pathways, driving tumorigenesis and lung cancer progression. The detection of RASSF1A and SHOX2 gene methylation has higher sensitivity and specificity than other commonly used methods for diagnosing lung cancer, especially in the early stage. CONCLUSIONS The RASSF1A and SHOX2 genes are critical for the processes of tumorigenesis, development, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence in lung cancer. The combined detection of RASSF1A and SHOX2 gene methylation was identified as an excellent method for the screening and surveillance of lung cancer that exhibits high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhong Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524003, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
- Pathological Diagnosis and Research Center, Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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Zhuang Z, Chen L, Mao Y, Zheng Q, Li H, Huang Y, Hu Z, Jin Y. Diagnostic, progressive and prognostic performance of m 6A methylation RNA regulators in lung adenocarcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1785-1797. [PMID: 32398949 PMCID: PMC7211177 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.39046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is dynamically and reversibly regulated by methyl-transferases ("writers"), binding proteins ("readers"), and demethylases ("erasers"). The m6A is restored to adenosine and thus to achieve demethylation modification. The abnormality of m6A epigenetic modification in cancer has been increasingly attended. However, we are rarely aware of its diagnostic, progressive and prognostic performance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods and Results: The expression of 13 widely reported m6A RNA regulators in LUAD and normal samples were systematically analyzed. There were 12 m6A RNA methylation genes displaying aberrant expressions, and an 11-gene diagnostic score model was finally built (Diagnostic score =0.033*KIAA1429+0.116*HNRNPC+0.115*RBM15-0.067* METTL3-0.048*ZC3H13-0.221*WTAP+0.213*YTHDF1-0.132*YTHDC1-0.135* FTO+0.078*YTHDF2+0.014*ALKBH5). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to demonstrate superiority of the diagnostic score model (Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.996 of training cohort, P<0.0001; AUC was 0.971 of one validation cohort-GSE75037, P<0.0001; AUC was 0.878 of another validation cohort-GSE63459, P<0.0001). In both training and validation cohorts, YTHDC2 was associated with tumor stage (P<0.01), while HNRNPC was up expressed in progressed tumor (P<0.05). Besides, WTAP, RBM15, KIAA1429, YTHDF1, and YTHDF2 were all up expressed for TP53 mutation. Furthermore, using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) regression analysis, a ten-gene risk score model was built. Risk score=0.169*ALKBH5-0.159*FTO+0.581*HNRNPC-0.348* YTHDF2-0.265*YTHDF1-0.123*YTHDC2+0.434*RBM15+0.143*KIAA1429-0.200*WTAP-0.310*METTL3. There existed correlation between the risk score and TNM stage (P<0.01), lymph node stage (P<0.05), gender (P<0.05), living status (P<0.001). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of relevant clinicopathological characters and the risk score revealed risk score was an independent risk factor of lung adenocarcinoma (HR: 2.181, 95%CI (1.594-2.984), P<0.001). Finally, a nomogram was built to facilitate clinicians to predict outcome. Conclusions: m6A epigenetic modification took part in the progression, and provided auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhi Zhuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yuting Mao
- Second clinical college of medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qun Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Department of Respiratory medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yueyue Huang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zijing Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Bersimbaev R, Pulliero A, Bulgakova O, Asia K, Aripova A, Izzotti A. Radon Biomonitoring and microRNA in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2154. [PMID: 32245099 PMCID: PMC7139524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radon is the number one cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. microRNA expression in human bronchial epithelium cells is altered by radon, with particular reference to upregulation of miR-16, miR-15, miR-23, miR-19, miR-125, and downregulation of let-7, miR-194, miR-373, miR-124, miR-146, miR-369, and miR-652. These alterations alter cell cycle, oxidative stress, inflammation, oncogene suppression, and malignant transformation. Also DNA methylation is altered as a consequence of miR-29 modification induced by radon. Indeed miR-29 targets DNA methyltransferases causing inhibition of CpG sites methylation. Massive microRNA dysregulation occurs in the lung due to radon expose and is functionally related with the resulting lung damage. However, in humans this massive lung microRNA alterations only barely reflect onto blood microRNAs. Indeed, blood miR-19 was not found altered in radon-exposed subjects. Thus, microRNAs are massively dysregulated in experimental models of radon lung carcinogenesis. In humans these events are initially adaptive being aimed at inhibiting neoplastic transformation. Only in case of long-term exposure to radon, microRNA alterations lead towards cancer development. Accordingly, it is difficult in human to establish a microRNA signature reflecting radon exposure. Additional studies are required to understand the role of microRNAs in pathogenesis of radon-induced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhmet Bersimbaev
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Akmola 010008, Kazakhstan; (R.B.); (O.B.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandra Pulliero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Olga Bulgakova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Akmola 010008, Kazakhstan; (R.B.); (O.B.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Kussainova Asia
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Akmola 010008, Kazakhstan; (R.B.); (O.B.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Akmara Aripova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Akmola 010008, Kazakhstan; (R.B.); (O.B.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy;
- IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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70
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Zhu Q, Wang J, Zhang Q, Wang F, Fang L, Song B, Xie C, Liu J. Methylation‑driven genes PMPCAP1, SOWAHC and ZNF454 as potential prognostic biomarkers in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1285-1295. [PMID: 32016477 PMCID: PMC7002985 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Of the different types of lung cancer, lung squamous cell cancer (LUSC) has the second highest rates of morbidity and mortality, which have been increasing in recent years. Epigenetic abnormalities may serve as potential biomarkers and diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets, which may help to monitor and improve the prognosis of patients with cancer. In the present study, data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and survival and joint survival analyses were conducted using the R MethylMix package. Peptidase, mitochondrial processing a subunit pseudogene 1 (PMPCAP1), sosondowah ankyrin repeat domain family member C (SOWAHC) and zinc finger protein (ZNF) 454 were identified as independent prognosis‑related hub methylation‑driven genes (MDGs). Of these three genes, PMPCAP1 and SOWAHC, characterized by hypomethylation and high expression levels, were associated with poor prognosis in patients with LUSC, whilst ZNF454 was associated with an improved prognosis. In addition, pathway enrichment analysis suggested that PMPCAP1, SOWAHC and ZNF454 were primarily involved in gene expression or transcription pathways. Furthermore, 5, 1 and 10 key methylation sites of PMPCAP1, SOWAHC and ZNF454, respectively, were confirmed to be significantly relevant to gene expression, establishing a basis for further investigation into the mechanisms and more precise targets of these 3 genes. In conclusion, the MDGs PMPCAP1, SOWAHC and ZNF454 may be potential prognostic biomarkers of LUSC for guiding diagnosis and therapy options, as well as providing a theoretical basis for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Qiujing Zhang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Fuxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yun Cheng Country People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274700, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Fang
- Department of Oncology, Chang Qing District People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250300, P.R. China
| | - Bao Song
- Basic Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Chao Xie
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
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Han W, Xue Q, Li G, Yin J, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Xing W, Cao Y, Su Y, Wang K, Zou J. Genome-wide analysis of the role of DNA methylation in inbreeding depression of reproduction in Langshan chicken. Genomics 2020; 112:2677-2687. [PMID: 32057912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inbreeding depression of chicken reproduction is a major concern in the conservation of chicken genetic resources. To investigate the potential DNA methylation sites involved in the inbreeding depression of chicken reproduction, we carried out whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) of hypothalamus and ovary tissues from the strongly and weakly inbred Langshan chickens, respectively. 5948 and 4593 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified in the hypothalamus and ovary between the strongly and weakly inbred Langshan chickens, respectively. Large numbers of DMR-related genes (DMGs) were enriched in reproduction-related pathways. By combining the WGBS and transcriptome data, two DMRs in SRD5A1 and CDC27 genes were inferred as the most likely biomarkers of inbreeding depression of reproduction in Langshan chicken. Our study provides the first systematic investigation of the DNA methylation changes in strongly inbred chickens, and extends our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying inbreeding depression in chicken reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Qian Xue
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Guohui Li
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Jianmei Yin
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Yunfen Zhu
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Weijie Xing
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Yuxia Cao
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Yijun Su
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Kehua Wang
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Jianmin Zou
- National Chickens Genetic Resources, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225000, China.
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72
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Yuan L, Liu H, Liu X, Zhang X, Wu J, Wang Y, Du X, Wang R, Ma Y, Chen X, Petlulu P, Cheng X, Zhuang D, Guo H, Zhang H. Epigenetic modification of H3K4 and oxidative stress are involved in MC-LR-induced apoptosis in testicular cells of SD rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:277-291. [PMID: 31691492 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a cyclic heptapeptide, produced by aquatic cyanobacteria such as microcystis, with strong reproductive toxicity which poses greater threat to the reproductive abilities of humans and animals. By exploring the role of trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and the role of oxidative stress in MC-LR-induced apoptosis in testicular Sertoli cells in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, this study indicated that MC-LR increased the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes by raising the levels of H3K4me3. 5'-Deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), the inhibitor of H3K4me3, reduced apoptosis, indicating for the first time that epigenetic modification is closely related to the testicular reproductive toxicity induced by MC-LR. MC-LR also induced oxidative stress by stimulating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and subsequently triggering mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing the levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and so on. MC-LR-induced apoptosis of testicular cells could be decreased after pretreatment with oxidative stress inhibitor N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). Furthermore, the pathological damage to mitochondria and testes were observed in SD rats. These results show that MC-LR can induce apoptosis by raising the levels of H3K4me3, and pretreatment with MTA can ameliorate the MC-LR-induced apoptosis of cocultured cells by lowering the levels of H3K4me3. Furthermore, NAC has a protective effect on MC-LR-induced apoptosis of testicular cells in SD rats by inhibiting the oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yuan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinxia Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinghai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Xuemin Cheng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Donggang Zhuang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongxiang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Thiagalingam S. Epigenetic memory in development and disease: Unraveling the mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188349. [PMID: 31982403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic memory is an essential process of life that governs the inheritance of predestined functional characteristics of normal cells and the newly acquired properties of cells affected by cancer and other diseases from parental to progeny cells. Unraveling the molecular basis of epigenetic memory dictated by protein and RNA factors in conjunction with epigenetic marks that are erased and re-established during embryogenesis/development during the formation of somatic, stem and disease cells will have far reaching implications to our understanding of embryogenesis/development and various diseases including cancer. While there has been enormous progress made, there are still gaps in knowledge which includes, the identity of unique epigenetic memory factors (EMFs) and epigenome coding enzymes/co-factors/scaffolding proteins involved in the assembly of defined "epigenetic memorysomes" and the epigenome marks that constitute collections of gene specific epigenetic memories corresponding to specific cell types and physiological conditions. A better understanding of the molecular basis for epigenetic memory will play a central role in improving diagnostics and prognostics of disease states and aid the development of targeted therapeutics of complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Thiagalingam
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics Section and Cancer Center), Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, United States of America.
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74
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Current Landscape of Epigenetics in Lung Cancer: Focus on the Mechanism and Application. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:8107318. [PMID: 31889956 PMCID: PMC6930737 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8107318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Tumorigenesis involves a multistep process resulting from the interactions of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies and sequencing studies have identified many epigenetic alterations associated with the development of lung cancer. Epigenetic mechanisms, mainly including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), are heritable and reversible modifications that are involved in some important biological processes and affect cancer hallmarks. We summarize the major epigenetic modifications in lung cancer, focusing on DNA methylation and ncRNAs, their roles in tumorigenesis, and their effects on key signaling pathways. In addition, we describe the clinical application of epigenetic biomarkers in the early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and oncotherapy of lung cancer. Understanding the epigenetic regulation mechanism of lung cancer can provide a new explanation for tumorigenesis and a new target for the precise treatment of lung cancer.
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De Vitis C, Corleone G, Salvati V, Ascenzi F, Pallocca M, De Nicola F, Fanciulli M, di Martino S, Bruschini S, Napoli C, Ricci A, Bassi M, Venuta F, Rendina EA, Ciliberto G, Mancini R. B4GALT1 Is a New Candidate to Maintain the Stemness of Lung Cancer Stem Cells. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1928. [PMID: 31717588 PMCID: PMC6912435 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the cancer stem cells (CSCs) hypothesis, a population of cancer cells with stem cell properties is responsible for tumor propagation, drug resistance, and disease recurrence. Study of the mechanisms responsible for lung CSCs propagation is expected to provide better understanding of cancer biology and new opportunities for therapy. METHODS The Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) NCI-H460 cell line was grown either as 2D or as 3D cultures. Transcriptomic and genome-wide chromatin accessibility studies of 2D vs. 3D cultures were carried out using RNA-sequencing and Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq), respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was also carried out on RNA extracted from primary cultures derived from malignant pleural effusions to validate RNA-seq results. RESULTS RNA-seq and ATAC-seq data disentangled transcriptional and genome accessibility variability of 3D vs. 2D cultures in NCI-H460 cells. The examination of genomic landscape of genes upregulated in 3D vs. 2D cultures led to the identification of 2D cultures led to the identification of Beta-1,4-galactosyltranferase 1 (B4GALT1) as the top candidate. B4GALT1 as the top candidate. B4GALT1 was validated as a stemness factor, since its silencing caused strong inhibition of 3D spheroid formation. CONCLUSION Combined transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility study of 3D vs. 2D LUAD cultures led to the identification of B4GALT1 as a new factor involved in the propagation and maintenance of LUAD CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.V.); (R.M.)
| | - Giacomo Corleone
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Valentina Salvati
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Ascenzi
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Simona di Martino
- Pathology Unit, IRCSS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sara Bruschini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alberto Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Division of Pneumology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Bassi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Erino Angelo Rendina
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.V.); (R.M.)
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Chen B, Gao T, Yuan W, Zhao W, Wang TH, Wu J. Prognostic Value of Survival of MicroRNAs Signatures in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:5793-5804. [PMID: 31737116 PMCID: PMC6843868 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Accumulating evidence showed that a large number of microRNAs (miRNAs) are abnormally expressed in lung cancer tissues and play critical roles in cancer development and progression. The aim of this study is to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and normal lung tissues, and evaluate the prognostic value and potential target gene functional enrichment of the DEMs. Materials and Methods: We first downloaded the high-throughput miRNA data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project (TCGA) database, and subsequently analyzed the data using bioinformatics analysis including limma package in R, Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank method, and several online analysis tools. Results: A total of 125 DEMs and 138 DEMs were respectively identified in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) tissues compared with their matched normal tissues. Moreover, we found that the prognostic function of the eight miRNAs (miR-375, miR-148a, miR-29b-1 and miR-584 for LUAD; miR-4746, miR-326, miR-93 and miR-671 for LUSC). Furthermore, the two four-miRNA signatures were constructed and found to be an independent prognostic factor for LUAD and LUSC patients, respectively. Additionally, our results indicated that the target genes of eight miRNAs may be involved in various pathways related to NSCLC, including PI3K-Akt, TGF-beta, FoxO, Ras, GPI-anchor biosynthesis and metabolic, Rap1, HIF-1 and proteasome. Conclusion: Overall, eight miRNAs were closely correlated with survival of NSCLC patients, and the constructed two four-miRNA signatures could be respectively used as prognostic markers in LUAD and LUSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Tianshun Gao
- Wilmer Bioinformatics, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | - Weiwei Yuan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.,Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Jianqing Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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77
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Li R, Yang YE, Yin YH, Zhang MY, Li H, Qu YQ. Methylation and transcriptome analysis reveal lung adenocarcinoma-specific diagnostic biomarkers. J Transl Med 2019; 17:324. [PMID: 31558162 PMCID: PMC6764142 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation can regulate the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The present study aimed to identify methylation-driven lncRNAs and mRNAs as biomarkers in the prognosis of LUAD using bioinformatics analysis. Methods Differentially expressed RNAs were obtained using the edge R package from 535 LUAD tissues and 59 adjacent non-LUAD tissues. Differentially methylated genes were obtained using the limma R package from 475 LUAD tissues and 32 adjacent non-LUAD tissues. Methylation-driven mRNA and lncRNA were obtained using the MethylMix R package from 465 LUAD tissues with matched DNA methylation and RNA expression and 32 non-LUAD tissues with DNA methylation. Gene ontology and ConsensusPathDB pathway analysis were performed to identify functional enrichment of methylation-driven mRNAs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the independent effect of each variable for predicting the prognosis of LUAD. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression might provide potential prognostic biomarkers for LUAD patients. Results A total of 99 methylation-driven mRNAs and 17 methylation-driven lncRNAs were obtained. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that 6 lncRNAs (FOXE1, HOXB13-AS1_2, VMO1, HIST1H3F, AJ003147.8, ASXL3) were retrieved to construct a predictive model associated with overall survival in LUAD patients. Combined DNA methylation and gene expression survival analysis revealed that 4 lncRNAs (AC023824.1, AF186192.1, LINC01354 and WASIR2) and 8 mRNAs (S1PR1, CCDC181, F2RL1, EFS, KLHDC9, MPV17L, GKN2, ITPRIPL1) might act as independent biomarkers for the prognosis of LUAD. Conclusions Methylation-driven lncRNA and mRNA contribute to the survival of LUAD, and 4 lncRNAs and 8 mRNAs might be potential biomarkers for the prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yi-E Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yun-Hong Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Meng-Yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Yi-Qing Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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He Z, Zhang R, Chen S, Chen L, Li H, Ye L, Li Q, Wang Z, Wang Q, Duan H, Niu Y, Xiao Y, Dong G, Li D, Yu D, Zheng Y, Xing X, Chen W. FLT1 hypermethylation is involved in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-induced cell transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:607-615. [PMID: 31185349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coke oven emissions (COEs) are common particle pollutants in occupational environment and the major constituents of COEs are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Previously, we identified aberrant methylation of the fms related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) gene over the course of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced cell transformation via genome-wide methylation array. To quantify FLT1 methylation, we established a bisulfite pyrosequencing assay and examined the FLT1 hypermethylation in several human cancers. The results revealed that 70.0% (21/30 pairs) of lung cancers harbored hypermethylated FLT1 and concomitant suppression of gene expression compared to the adjacent tissues. This implies that FLT1 hypermethylation might play a role in malignant cell transformation. In addition, FLT1 hypermethylation and gene suppression appeared in primary human lymphocytes in a dose-response manner following COEs treatment. To explore whether FLT1 methylation is correlated with COEs exposure and DNA damage, we recruited 144 male subjects who had been exposed to high levels of COEs and 84 male control subjects. Notably, the FLT1 methylation in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLCs) of the COEs-exposed group (19.8 ± 3.2%) was enhanced by 17.9% compared to that of the control group (16.8 ± 2.8%) (P < 0.001). The FLT1 methylation status was positively correlated with urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) levels, an internal exposure marker of PAHs (β = 0.029, 95% CI = 0.010-0.048, P = 0.003) and positively correlated with DNA damage (βOTM = 0.024, 95% CI = 0.007-0.040, P = 0.005; βTail DNA = 0.035, 95% CI = 0.0017-0.054, P < 0.001) indicated by comet assay. Taken together, these findings indicate that FLT1 might be a tumor suppressor, and its hypermethylation might contribute to PAHs-induced carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhini He
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yan P, Yang X, Wang J, Wang S, Ren H. A novel CpG island methylation panel predicts survival in lung adenocarcinomas. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1011-1022. [PMID: 31423161 PMCID: PMC6607393 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of clinically useful biomarkers compromise the personalized management of lung adenocarcinomas (ADCs); epigenetic events and DNA methylation in particular have exhibited potential value as biomarkers. By comparing genome-wide DNA methylation data of paired lung ADCs and normal tissues from 6 public datasets, cancer-specific CpG island (CGI) methylation changes were identified with a pre-specified criterion. Correlations between DNA methylation and expression data for each gene were assessed by Pearson correlation analysis. A prognostically relevant CGI methylation signature was constructed by risk-score analysis, and was validated using a training-validation approach. Survival data were analyzed by log-rank test and Cox regression model. In total, 134 lung ADC-specific CGI CpGs were identified, among which, a panel of 9 CGI loci were selected as prognostic candidates, and were used to construct a risk-score signature. The novel CGI methylation signature was identified to classify distinct prognostic subgroups across different datasets, and was demonstrated to be a potent independent prognostic factor for overall survival time of patients with lung ADCs. In addition, it was identified that cancer-specific CGI hypomethylation of RPL39L, along with the corresponding gene expression, provided optimized prognostication of lung ADCs. In summary, cancer-specific CGI methylation aberrations are optimal candidates for novel biomarkers of lung ADCs; the 9-CpG methylation panel and hypomethylation of RPL39L exhibited particularly promising significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhao Yan
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Tongchuan, Tongchuan, Shaanxi 727000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Hematology Medicine, People's Hospital of Tongchuan, Tongchuan, Shaanxi 727000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Tongchuan, Tongchuan, Shaanxi 727000, P.R. China
| | - Shichang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Tongchuan, Tongchuan, Shaanxi 727000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Oncology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Humphrey KM, Pandey S, Martin J, Hagoel T, Grand'Maison A, Ohm JE. Establishing a role for environmental toxicant exposure induced epigenetic remodeling in malignant transformation. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 57:86-94. [PMID: 30453042 PMCID: PMC6522338 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a wide variety of environmental exposures throughout their lifespan. These include both naturally occurring toxins and chemical toxicants like pesticides, herbicides, and industrial chemicals, many of which have been implicated as possible contributors to human disease susceptibility [1-3]. We, and others, have hypothesized that environmental exposures may cause adaptive epigenetic changes in regenerative cell populations and developing organisms, leading to abnormal gene expression and increased disease susceptibility later in life [3]. Common epigenetic changes include changes in miRNA expression, covalent histone modifications, and methylation of DNA. Importantly, due to their heritable nature, abnormal epigenetic modifications which occur within stem cells may be particularly deleterious. Abnormal epigenetic changes in regenerative cell linages can be passed onto a large population of daughter cells and can persist for long periods of time. It is well established that an accumulation of epigenetic changes can lead to many human diseases including cancer [4-6]. Subsequently, it is imperative that we increase our understanding of how common environmental toxins and toxicants can induce epigenetic changes, particularly in stem cell populations. In this review, we will discuss how common environmental exposures in the United States and around the world may lead to epigenetic changes and discuss potential links to human disease, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Humphrey
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Sumali Pandey
- Minnesota State University Moorhead, Moorhead, MN, United States
| | - Jeffery Martin
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Tamara Hagoel
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Anne Grand'Maison
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Joyce E Ohm
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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81
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Qin J, Wen B, Liang Y, Yu W, Li H. Histone Modifications and their Role in Colorectal Cancer (Review). Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:2023-2033. [PMID: 31055775 PMCID: PMC7471167 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer is a complex and multistep process mediated by a variety of factors including the dysregulation of genetic and epigenetic under the influence of microenvironment. It is evident that epigenetics that affects gene activity and expression has been recognized as a critical role in the carcinogenesis. Aside from DNA methylation, miRNA level, and genomic imprinting, histone modification is increasingly recognized as an essential mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. Aberrant regulation of histone modification like acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation levels on specific residues is implicated in a wide spectrum of cancers, including colorectal cancer. In addition, as this process is reversible and accompanied by a plethora of deregulated enzymes, inhibiting those histone-modifying enzymes activity and regulating its level has been thought of as a potential path for tumor therapy. This review provides insight into the basic information of histone modification and its application in the colorectal cancer treatment, thereby offering new potential targets for treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Qin
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Yuqi Liang
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Weitao Yu
- Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huixuan Li
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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82
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Liu Y, Sun H, Makabel B, Cui Q, Li J, Su C, Ashby CR, Chen Z, Zhang J. The targeting of non‑coding RNAs by curcumin: Facts and hopes for cancer therapy (Review). Oncol Rep 2019; 42:20-34. [PMID: 31059075 PMCID: PMC6549103 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin [(1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione] is a natural polyphenol that is derived from the turmeric plant (curcuma longa L.). Curcumin is widely used in food coloring, preservatives, and condiments. Curcumin possesses anti-tumor, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory efficacy, as well as other pharmacological effects. Emerging evidence indicates that curcumin alters microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in various types of cancers. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs are non-coding RNAs that can epigenetically modulate the expression of multiple genes via post-transcriptional regulation. In the present review, the interactions between curcumin and non-coding RNAs are summarized in numerous types of cancers, including lung, colorectal, prostate, breast, nasopharyngeal, pancreatic, blood, and ovarian cancer, and the vital non-coding RNAs and their downstream targets are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Jiangmen, Guangdong 529156, P.R. China
| | - Bolat Makabel
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830004, P.R. China
| | - Qingbin Cui
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jiajun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyue Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Charles R Ashby
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Zhesheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jianye Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
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83
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Jia BY, Yang RH, Jiao WJ, Tian KH. Investigation of the effect of P14 promoter aberrant methylation on the biological function of human lung cancer cells. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:1388-1394. [PMID: 31017733 PMCID: PMC6558480 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to investigate the effect of P14 promoter aberrant methylation on the biological function of human lung adenocarcinoma cells. METHODS We used nested methylation-specific PCR (NMSP) to detect the methylation status of the p14ARF promoter region in SPCA1 and BEAS2B cell lines. The experimental groups were treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza). Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, flow cytometry, and Cell Counting Kit 8 were used to detect the expression of p14ARF messenger RNA and protein in each group, apoptosis, and cell proliferation inhibition, respectively. RESULTS NMSP detected that the p14 promoter region of SPCA1 cells has abnormal methylation status. After treatment with 5-Aza, the expression of p14ARF messenger RNA and protein in SPCA1 cells (P < 0.05) and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation (P < 0.05) were significantly increased, while the apoptosis rate was markedly increased (P < 0.05). However, no differences were observed in BEAS2B cells (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Abnormal methylation of the p14ARF promoter region plays an important role in the development of lung cancer cells. Our results suggest the use of P14 promoter aberrant methylation as a therapeutic target for drug research or to improve the sensitivity of other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Yang Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong-Hua Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen-Jie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai-Hua Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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84
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Abstract
Cancer can be identified as a chaotic cell state, which breaks the rules that govern growth and reproduction, with main characteristics such as uncontrolled division, invading other tissues, usurping resources, and eventually killing its host. It was once believed that cancer is caused by a progressive series of genetic aberrations, and certain mutations of genes, including oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, have been identified as the cause of cancer. However, piling evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications working in concert with genetic mechanisms to regulate transcriptional activity are dysregulated in many diseases, including cancer. Cancer epigenetics explain a wide range of heritable changes in gene expression, which do not come from any alteration in DNA sequences. Aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key epigenetic mechanisms associated with tumor initiation, cancer progression, and metastasis. Within the past decade, cancer epigenetics have enabled us to develop novel biomarkers and therapeutic target for many types of cancers. In this review, we will summarize the major epigenetic changes involved in cancer biology along with clinical and preclinical results developed as novel cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Woo Park
- Research Center for Epigenome Regulation, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung-Whan Han
- Research Center for Epigenome Regulation, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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85
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Dobersch S, Rubio K, Barreto G. Pioneer Factors and Architectural Proteins Mediating Embryonic Expression Signatures in Cancer. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:287-302. [PMID: 30795971 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of mutations causing aberrant changes in the genome promotes cancer. However, mutations do not occur in every cancer subtype, suggesting additional events that trigger cancer. Chromatin rearrangements initiated by pioneer factors and architectural proteins are key events occurring before cancer-related genes are expressed. Both protein groups are also master regulators of important processes during embryogenesis. Several publications demonstrated that embryonic gene expression signatures are reactivated during cancer. This review article highlights current knowledge on pioneer factors and architectural proteins mediating chromatin rearrangements, which are the backbone of embryonic expression signatures promoting malignant transformation. Understanding chromatin rearrangements inducing embryonic expression signatures in adult cells might be the key to novel therapeutic approaches against cancers subtypes that arise without genomic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Dobersch
- Lung Cancer Epigenetic, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Karla Rubio
- Lung Cancer Epigenetic, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Guillermo Barreto
- Lung Cancer Epigenetic, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; Laboratoire Croissance, Réparation et Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), CNRS ERL 9215, Université Paris Est Créteil, Université Paris Est, F-94000, Créteil, France; Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation; Member of the Excellence Cluster Cardio Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35932 Giessen, Germany; Member of the German Center of Lung Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung, DZL).
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86
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Li J, Tao X, Shen J, Liu L, Zhao Q, Ma Y, Tao Z, Zhang Y, Ding B, Xiao Z. The molecular landscape of histone lysine methyltransferases and demethylases in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:922-930. [PMID: 31341405 PMCID: PMC6643118 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.34322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Histone methylation was reported to regulate the expression of a variety of genes in cancer. However, comprehensive understanding of the expression profiles of histone methyltransferases and demethylases in lung cancer is still lacking. Methods: We analyzed the expression profile of methyltransferases and demethylases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using TCGA and cBioportal databases. The mutation, expression level, association with survival and clinical parameters of histone methyltransferases and demethylases were determined. Results: We found overall upregulation of histone regulators in NSCLC. Mutation and copy number alteration of histone methylation related genes both exist in NSCLC. The expression of certain histone methylation related genes were significantly associated with overall survival and clinical attributes. Conclusions: Our result suggests that alteration of histone methylation is strongly involved in NSCLC. Some histone methylation related genes might serve as potential prognosis predictor or therapeutic target for NSCLC. The significance of some histone methylation related genes was contrary to the literature and awaits further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xinlu Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institution for Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Linling Liu
- The People's Hospital of Weiyuan, Neijiang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institution for Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yongshun Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institution for Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zheng Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, PR China
| | - Boying Ding
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, PR China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institution for Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
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87
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An H, Ma X, Liu M, Wang X, Wei X, Yuan W, Ma J. Stomatin plays a suppressor role in non-small cell lung cancer metastasis. Chin J Cancer Res 2019; 31:930-944. [PMID: 31949395 PMCID: PMC6955161 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.06.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Metastasis is one of the key causes of high mortality in lung cancer. Aberrant DNA methylation is a common event in metastatic lung cancer. We aimed to identify new epigenetic regulation of metastasis-associated genes and characterize their effects on lung cancer progression. Methods We screened genes associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis by integrating datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We obtained epigenetic-regulated candidate genes by analyzing the expression profile of demethylation genes. By overlapping analysis, epigenetically modulated metastasis-associated genes were obtained. Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) was utilized to assess the overall survival (OS) of stomatin in lung cancer. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to determine the association between stomatin and metastasis-associated clinical indicators. Both in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the potential role of stomatin in metastasis. The regulation mechanisms of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) on stomatin were determined by Sequenom MassARRAY quantitative methylation and western blot assays.
Results A series of bioinformatic analyses revealed stomatin as the metastasis-associated gene regulated by DNA methylation. The KM plotter analysis showed a positive association between stomatin and the OS of lung cancer. IHC analysis indicated that the decreased stomatin expression is linked with advanced TNM stage. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments displayed that stomatin could inhibit the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, TGFβ1 repressed stomatin expression during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The negative correlation between stomatin and TGFβ1 was also validated in advanced stage III lung tumor samples. The underlying mechanism by which TGFβ1 inhibits stomatin is due in part to DNA methylation. Conclusions Our results suggest that stomatin may be a target for epigenetic regulation and can be used to prevent metastatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying An
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Mingyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xundong Wei
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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88
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Sun J, Qiao Y, Song T, Wang H. MiR‑495 suppresses cell proliferation by directly targeting HMGA2 in lung cancer. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1463-1470. [PMID: 30569167 PMCID: PMC6390076 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of microRNA-495 (miR-495) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cells, as well as its function on the proliferation of lung cancer cells. The expression of miR-495 in 122 pairs of NSCLC tissues and matched paracarcinoma tissues, as well as in human lung cancer cell lines (A549, H460, H1650, H520 and SK-MES-1) and the normal human pulmonary bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE was determined using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). As predicted by bioinformatics analysis, high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) may be a potential target gene of miR-495. In addition, the regulatory function of miR-495 on its target gene HMGA2 was evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR and western blotting. Furthermore, the effect of miR-495 on the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells was investigated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The results demonstrated that the expression of miR-495 in NSCLC tissues and cells was significantly downregulated compared with the control. In addition, downregulated expression of miR-495 was associated with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and tumor, node and metastasis staging. Additionally, a dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-495 could directly associated with the 3′-untranslated region of HMGA2. Upregulated expression of miR-495 significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGA2 in A549 cells. Furthermore, the results of CCK-8 assay revealed that upregulated expression of miR-495 significantly suppressed the proliferation of A549 cells; HMGA2 overexpression reversed this inhibition. In summary, the findings of the present study demonstrated that miR-495 was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. In addition, miR-495 suppressed the proliferation of lung cancer cells by directly targeting HMGA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Qiao
- Department of Hematology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Haiwen Wang
- Department of Cardio‑Thoracic Surgery, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
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89
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Liu W, Ouyang S, Zhou Z, Wang M, Wang T, Qi Y, Zhao C, Chen K, Dai L. Identification of genes associated with cancer progression and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma: Analyses based on microarray from Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 7:e00528. [PMID: 30556321 PMCID: PMC6393652 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for approximately 40% of all lung cancer patients. There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of cancer progression in LUAD and to identify useful biomarkers to predict prognosis. Methods In this study, Oncomine database was used to identify potential genes contributed to cancer progression. Bioinformatics analysis including pathway enrichment and text mining was used to explain the potential roles of identified genes in LUAD. The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to analyze the association of gene expression with survival result. Results Our results indicated that 80 genes were significantly dysregulated in LUAD according to four microarrays covering 356 cases of LUAD and 164 cases of normal lung tissues. Twenty genes were consistently and stably dysregulated by more than twofold. Ten of 20 genes had a relationship with overall survival or disease‐free survival in a cohort of 516 LUAD patients, and 19 genes were associated with tumor stage, gender, age, lymph node, or smoking. Low expression of AGER and high expression of CCNB1 were specifically associated with poor survival. Conclusion Our findings implicate AGER and CCNB1 might be potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis targets for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Songyun Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Department of Radiology in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Radiology in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Medical Examination in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chunling Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Kuisheng Chen
- Department of Pathology in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Liping Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine in the First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Department of Tumor Research in the Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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90
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Song X, Zhao C, Jiang L, Lin S, Bi J, Wei Q, Yu L, Zhao L, Wei M. High PITX1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients is associated with DNA methylation and poor prognosis. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:2046-2053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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91
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Gao C, Zhuang J, Li H, Liu C, Zhou C, Liu L, Sun C. Exploration of methylation-driven genes for monitoring and prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:194. [PMID: 30498398 PMCID: PMC6258452 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0691-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the most common malignant tumors in humans, lung cancer has experienced a gradual increase in morbidity and mortality. This study examined prognosis-related methylation-driven genes specific to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) to provide a basis for prognosis prediction and personalized targeted therapy for LUAD patients. Methods The methylation and survival time data from LUAD patients in the TCGA database were downloaded. The MethylMix algorithm was used to identify the differential methylation status of LUAD and adjacent tissues based on the β-mixture model to obtain disease-related methylation-driven genes. A COX regression model was then used to screen for LUAD prognosis-related methylation-driven genes, and a linear risk model based on five methylation-driven gene expression profiles was constructed. A methylation and gene expression combined survival analysis was performed to further explore the prognostic value of 5 genes independently. Results There were 118 differentially expressed methylation-driven genes in the LUAD tissues and adjacent tissues. Five of the genes, CCDC181, PLAU, S1PR1, ELF3, and KLHDC9, were used to construct a prognostic risk model. Overall, the survival time was significantly lower in the high-risk group compared with that in the low-risk group (P < 0.05). In addition, the methylation and gene expression combined survival analysis found that the combined expression levels of the genes CCDC181, PLAU, and S1PR1 as well as KLHDC9 alone can be used as independent prognostic markers or drug targets. Conclusion Our findings provide an important bioinformatic basis and relevant theoretical basis for guiding subsequent LUAD early diagnosis and prognosis assessments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0691-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chundi Gao
- 1College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- 2Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031 Shandong People's Republic of China.,Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261041 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Huayao Li
- 1College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Cun Liu
- 4College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhou
- 2Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031 Shandong People's Republic of China.,Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261041 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- 2Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031 Shandong People's Republic of China.,Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261041 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Changgang Sun
- 2Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031 Shandong People's Republic of China.,Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261041 Shandong People's Republic of China
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92
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Zhang Y, Xu H, Mu J, Guo S, Ye L, Li D, Peng W, He X, Xiang T. Inactivation of ADAMTS18 by aberrant promoter hypermethylation contribute to lung cancer progression. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6965-6975. [PMID: 30417422 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Epigenetic regulation contributes to lung cancer pathogenesis. The ADAMTS18 tumor suppressor gene is inactivated in some cancers, but its involvement in lung cancer has not been shown. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and methylation-specific PCR were used to assay ADAMTS18 expression and promoter methylation in lung tumor tissues and adjacent tissues. Cell viability, transwell, and wound-healing assays, as well as flow cytometry were used to characterize the biological activity of ADAMTS18. The influence of ADAMTS18 on protein expression was assayed using western blots analysis, and its effect on chemosensitivity was assayed by the response to cisplatin. We found that ADAMTS18 was silenced in lung cancer cells by promoter methylation. Demethylation by the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, with or without the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, restored ADAMTS18 expression. Compared with normal lung tissue, ADAMTS18 in lung tumors was frequently methylated. Overexpression of ADAMTS18 in lung cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasiveness and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, ADAMTS18 suppressed epidermal growth factor receptor/protein kinase B (EGFR/AKT) signaling, which sensitized lung cancer cells to cisplatin. Thus, our results demonstrated that the tumor suppressor gene ADAMTS18 was downregulated in lung cancer by promoter CpG methylation, and it promoted sensitivity to cisplatin via EGFR/AKT signaling. Our study suggests that ADAMTS18 promoter methylation is a potential epigenetic biomarker for early detection of lung cancer and warrants investigation as a therapeutic target for early-stage lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongying Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhao Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dairong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyan Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqian He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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93
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Yang Q. MicroRNA-5195-3p plays a suppressive role in cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting MYO6 in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:212-220. [PMID: 30387375 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1540288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MiRNA-5195-3p (miR-5195-3p), a recently discovered and poorly studied miRNA, has been reported to suppress bladder cancer cell behavior. However, its regulatory role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Here, the expression of miR-5195-3p was found to be reduced in NSCLC tissues and cells. The in vitro experiments showed that miR-5195-3p upregulation repressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion by CCK-8 and transwell assays. In addition, MYO6 was predicted and confirmed as a potential target of miR-5195-3p by Bioinformatics analysis, Luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis. There was significantly negative correlation between miR-5195-3p and MYO6 in NSCLC tissues. Furthermore, MYO6 knockdown exhibited similar effects to those of miR-5195-3p overexpression in NSCLC cells, and restored MYO6 expression reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-5195-3p. Therefore, these results demonstrate that miR-5195-3p functions as a tumor suppressor by directly modulating MYO6 expression in NSCLC cells, and may be an innovative candidate target for NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanfu Yang
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , The First Hospital of Tianshui , Tianshui , China
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94
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Moon DH, Kwon SO, Kim WJ, Hong Y. Identification of Serial DNA Methylation Changes in the Blood Samples of Patients with Lung Cancer. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2018; 82:126-132. [PMID: 30302959 PMCID: PMC6435926 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2018.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of lung cancer results from the interaction between genetic mutations and dynamic epigenetic alterations, although the exact mechanisms are not completely understood. Changes in DNA methylation may be a promising biomarker for early detection and prognosis of lung cancer. We evaluated the serial changes in genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in blood samples of lung cancer patients. Methods Blood samples were obtained for three consecutive years from three patients (2 years before, 1 year before, and after lung cancer detection) and from three control subjects (without lung cancer). We used the MethylationEPIC BeadChip method, which covers the 850,000 bp cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) site, to conduct an epigenome-wide analysis. Significant differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified using p-values <0.05 in a correlation test identifying serial methylation changes and serial increase or decrease in β value above 0.1 for three consecutive years. Results We found three significant CpG sites with differentially methylated β values and 7,105 CpG sites with significant correlation from control patients without lung cancer. However, there were no significant DMRs. In contrast, we found 11 significant CpG sites with differentially methylated β values and 10,562 CpG sites with significant correlation from patients with lung cancer. There were two significant DMRs: cg21126229 (RNF212) and cg27098574 (BCAR1). Conclusion This study revealed DNA methylation changes that might be implicated in lung cancer development. The DNA methylation changes may be the possible candidate target regions for the early detection and prevention of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Ok Kwon
- Biomedical Research Institute, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yoonki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
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95
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Kuo KT, Huang WC, Bamodu OA, Lee WH, Wang CH, Hsiao M, Wang LS, Yeh CT. Histone demethylase JARID1B/KDM5B promotes aggressiveness of non-small cell lung cancer and serves as a good prognostic predictor. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:107. [PMID: 30092824 PMCID: PMC6085612 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Recently, epigenetic dysregulation has been known to promote tumor progression and therefore may be a therapeutic target for anticancer therapy. JARID1B, a member of histone demethylases, has been found to be related to tumorigenesis in certain kinds of cancers. However, its biological roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain largely unclear. Methods We firstly examined the expression of JARID1B in surgical specimens and six NSCLC cell lines. Then, we evaluated the relationship between JARID1B expression and clinicopathologic parameters in 72 NSCLC patients, thereby established its prognostic importance. We subsequently studied the functional roles of JARID1B in tumorigenesis to verify its clinicopathologic significance. Results Our results showed that JARID1B was overexpressed in NSCLC cells and JARID1B overexpression was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced stages, and poor overall survival in NSCLC patients. JARID1B overexpression resulted in increased cell proliferation and formation of tumorspheres and correlated positively with the expression of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, while the c-Met signaling pathway was actively involved. It also correlated with the strength of resistance to cisplatin and doxorubicin. On the contrary, downregulation of JARID1B expression by applying shRNA or JARID1B inhibitor PBIT reversed these phenomena. Conclusions JARID1B worsens prognosis of NSCLC patients by promotion of tumor aggressiveness through multiple biological facets which were associated with activation of the c-Met signaling, and can be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0533-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Tai Kuo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Huang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - M Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shun Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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96
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Hong Y, Hong SH, Oh YM, Shin SH, Choi SS, Kim WJ. Identification of lung cancer specific differentially methylated regions using genome-wide DNA methylation study. Mol Cell Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-018-0034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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97
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Hypermethylation of MDFI promoter with NSCLC is specific for females, non-smokers and people younger than 65. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9017-9024. [PMID: 29805634 PMCID: PMC5958687 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a major subtype of lung cancer. Aberrant DNA methylation has been frequently observed in NSCLC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of MyoD family inhibitor (MDFI) methylation in NSCLC. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from a total of 111 patients with NSCLC. A methylation assay was performed using the quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction method. The percentage of methylated reference was used to represent the methylation level of the MDFI promoter. Data mining of a dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) demonstrated that MDFI promoter methylation levels were significantly increased in 830 tumor tissues compared with 75 non-tumor tissues (P=0.012). However, the results on tissues obtained in the present study indicated that the MDFI promoter methylation levels in tumor tissues were not significantly different compared with those in the adjacent non-tumor tissues (P=0.159). Subsequent breakdown analysis identified that higher MDFI promoter methylation levels were significantly associated with NSCLC in females (P=0.031), but not in males (P=0.832). Age-based subgroup analysis demonstrated that higher MDFI promoter methylation levels were significantly associated with NSCLC in younger patients (≤65 years; P=0.003), but not in older patients (P=0.327). In addition, the association of MDFI methylation with NSCLC was significant in non-smokers (P=0.014), but not in smokers (P=0.832). Similar results also have been determined from subgroup analysis of the TCGA datasets. The Gene Expression Omnibus database indicated MDFI expression restoration in partial lung cancer cell lines (H1299 and Hotz) following demethylation treatment. However, it was identified that MDFI promoter hypermethylation was not significantly associated with prognosis of NSCLC (P>0.05). In conclusion, the present study indicated that the association of higher methylation of the MDFI promoter with NSCLC may be specific to females, non-smokers and people aged ≤65.
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98
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Liu S, Chen X, Chen R, Wang J, Zhu G, Jiang J, Wang H, Duan S, Huang J. Diagnostic role of Wnt pathway gene promoter methylation in non small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36354-36367. [PMID: 28422739 PMCID: PMC5482660 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signal pathway genes are known to be involved with cancer development. Here we tested the hypothesis whether DNA methylation of genes part of the Wnt signaling pathway could help the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The methylation levels of SFRP1, SFRP2, WIF1 and PRKCB in 111 NSCLC patients were evaluated by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). Promoter methylation levels of four candidate genes were significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with the adjacent tissues. SFRP1, SFRP2 and PRKCB genes were all shown to be good predictors of NSCLC risk (SFRP1: AUC = 0.711; SFRP2: AUC = 0.631; PRKCB: AUC = 0.650). The combined analysis showed that the methylation status of the four genes had a sensitivity of 70.3% and a specificity of 73.9% in the prediction of NSCLC risk for study cohort. A higher diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.945 (95% CI: 0.923–0.967, sensitivity: 90.6%, specificity: 93.0%) was found in TCGA cohort. In addition, SFRP1 and SFRP2 hypermethylation events were specific to male patients. Further TCGA data mining analysis suggested that SFRP1_cg15839448, SFRP2_cg05774801, and WIF1_cg21383810 were inversely associated with the host gene expression. Moreover, GEO database analysis showed that 5′-Aza-deoxycytidine was able to upregulate gene expression in several lung cancer cell lines. Subsequent dual-luciferase reporter assay showed a crucial regulatory function of PRKCB promoter. In summary, our study showed that a panel of Wnt signal pathway genes (SFRP1, SFRP2, WIF1 and PRKCB) had the potential as methylation biomarkers in the diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunlin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Ruhua Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, China
| | - Guoliang Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou First People's Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Jianzhong Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Realgen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Zhangjiang High Technology Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
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99
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Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) are targets for genomic aberrations and emerging treatments against cancer. It has been demonstrated that targeting miR-569 may potentially benefit patients with ovarian or breast cancer. However, the exact roles of miR-569 remain unclear in human lung cancer cells. Using the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), it was demonstrated that miR-569 expression was consistently decreased in lung cancer cells. As well as cell proliferation and migration inhibition, apoptosis and cell arrest at the G1 phase were induced following reversion of miR-569 expression in lung cancer cells. The present study demonstrated that miR-569 was able to downregulate FOS and high mobility group A2 mRNA and protein expression using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The observed role of miRNA-569 in lung cancer cells in the present study suggested that it may be a novel and promising therapeutic target, and a novel biomarker for detecting lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ping Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical College, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Linxia Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical College, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical College, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Yanfu Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical College, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
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100
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Gao L, Cheng D, Yang J, Wu R, Li W, Kong AN. Sulforaphane epigenetically demethylates the CpG sites of the miR-9-3 promoter and reactivates miR-9-3 expression in human lung cancer A549 cells. J Nutr Biochem 2018. [PMID: 29525530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic aberrations contribute to the development and progression of cancers such as lung cancer. The promoter region of miR-9-3 was recently found to be hypermethylated in lung cancer, resulting in down-regulation of miR-9-3 and poor patient prognosis. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural compound that is obtained from cruciferous vegetables, has potent anticancer activities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of SFN on restoring the miR-9-3 level in lung cancer A549 cells through epigenetic regulation. DNA methylation of the miR-9-3 promoter was examined using bisulfite genomic sequencing and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation analysis. The expression levels of miR-9-3 and several epigenetic modifying enzymes were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. The transcriptional activity of the miR-9-3 promoter was evaluated by patch methylation, and histone modifications were analyzed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. We found that CpG methylation was reduced in the miR-9-3 promoter and that miR-9-3 expression was increased after 5 days of treatment with SFN. In vitro methylation analysis showed that the methylated recombinant construct exhibited lower luciferase reporter activity than the unmethylated counterpart. ChIP assays revealed that SFN treatment increased H3K4me1 enrichment at the miR-9-3 promoter. Furthermore, SFN treatment attenuated enzymatic DNMT activity and DNMT3a, HDAC1, HDAC3, HDAC6 and CDH1 protein expression. Taken together, these findings indicate that SFN may exert its chemopreventive effects partly through epigenetic demethylation and restoration of miR-9-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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