51
|
Han KM, Won E, Kang J, Kim A, Yoon HK, Chang HS, Son KR, Lee MS, Tae WS, Ham BJ. Local gyrification index in patients with major depressive disorder and its association with tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) polymorphism. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:1299-1310. [PMID: 27807918 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) gene is considered a promising genetic candidate regarding its association with a predisposition to major depressive disorder (MDD). Local gyrification reflects the early neural development of cortical connectivity, and is regarded as a potential neural endophenotype in psychiatric disorders. They aimed to investigate the alterations in the cortical gyrification of the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex and their association with the TPH2 rs4570625 polymorphism in patients with MDD. One hundred and thirteen patients with MDD and eighty-six healthy controls underwent T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging and genotyping for TPH2 rs4570625. The local gyrification index of 22 cortical regions in the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex was analyzed using the FreeSurfer. The patients with MDD showed significant hypergyria in the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (P = 0.001), medial orbitofrontal cortex (P = 0.003), and frontal pole (P = 0.001). There was a significant genotype-by-diagnosis interaction for the local gyrification index in the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (P = 0.003). Their study revealed significant hypergyria of the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex and an interactive effect between the diagnosis of MDD and the genotype in the anterior cingulate cortex. This might be associated with the dysfunction of neural circuits mediating emotion processing, which could contribute to pathophysiology of MDD. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1299-1310, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Won
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Kyoung Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Soo Chang
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Son
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Palaniyappan L, Marques TR, Taylor H, Mondelli V, Reinders AATS, Bonaccorso S, Giordano A, DiForti M, Simmons A, David AS, Pariante CM, Murray RM, Dazzan P. Globally Efficient Brain Organization and Treatment Response in Psychosis: A Connectomic Study of Gyrification. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:1446-1456. [PMID: 27352783 PMCID: PMC5049536 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Converging evidence suggests that patients with first-episode psychosis who show a poor treatment response may have a higher degree of neurodevelopmental abnormalities than good Responders. Characterizing the disturbances in the relationship among brain regions (covariance) can provide more information on neurodevelopmental integrity than searching for localized changes in the brain. Graph-based connectomic approach can measure structural covariance thus providing information on the maturational processes. We quantified the structural covariance of cortical folding using graph theory in first-episode psychosis, to investigate if this systems-level approach would improve our understanding of the biological determinants of outcome in psychosis. METHODS Magnetic Resonance Imaging data were acquired in 80 first-episode psychosis patients and 46 healthy controls. Response to treatment was assessed after 12 weeks of naturalistic follow-up. Gyrification-based connectomes were constructed to study the maturational organization of cortical folding. RESULTS Nonresponders showed a reduction in the distributed relationship among brain regions (high segregation, poor integration) when compared to Responders and controls, indicating a higher burden of aberrant neurodevelopment. They also showed reduced centrality of key regions (left insula and anterior cingulate cortex) indicating a marked reconfiguration of gyrification. Nonresponders showed a vulnerable pattern of covariance that disintegrated when simulated lesions removed high-degree hubs, indicating an abnormal dependence on highly central hub regions in Nonresponders. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a perturbed maturational relationship among brain regions underlies poor treatment response in first-episode psychosis. The information obtained from gyrification-based connectomes can be harnessed for prospectively predicting treatment response and prognosis in psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Palaniyappan
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Medical Biophysics & Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada;,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada;,*To whom correspondence should be addressed; Room 3208, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, 100 Perth Drive, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada; tel: 519-685-8054, fax: 519-685-8074, e-mail:
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Heather Taylor
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Stefania Bonaccorso
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Annalisa Giordano
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Marta DiForti
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony S. David
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Zhao G, Denisova K, Sehatpour P, Long J, Gui W, Qiao J, Javitt DC, Wang Z. Fractal Dimension Analysis of Subcortical Gray Matter Structures in Schizophrenia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155415. [PMID: 27176232 PMCID: PMC4866699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A failure of adaptive inference—misinterpreting available sensory information for appropriate perception and action—is at the heart of clinical manifestations of schizophrenia, implicating key subcortical structures in the brain including the hippocampus. We used high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) fractal geometry analysis to study subtle and potentially biologically relevant structural alterations (in the geometry of protrusions, gyri and indentations, sulci) in subcortical gray matter (GM) in patients with schizophrenia relative to healthy individuals. In particular, we focus on utilizing Fractal Dimension (FD), a compact shape descriptor that can be computed using inputs with irregular (i.e., not necessarily smooth) surfaces in order to quantify complexity (of geometrical properties and configurations of structures across spatial scales) of subcortical GM in this disorder. Probabilistic (entropy-based) information FD was computed based on the box-counting approach for each of the seven subcortical structures, bilaterally, as well as the brainstem from high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images in chronic patients with schizophrenia (n = 19) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 19) (age ranges: patients, 22.7–54.3 and healthy controls, 24.9–51.6 years old). We found a significant reduction of FD in the left hippocampus (median: 2.1460, range: 2.07–2.18 vs. median: 2.1730, range: 2.15–2.23, p<0.001; Cohen’s effect size, U3 = 0.8158 (95% Confidence Intervals, CIs: 0.6316, 1.0)), the right hippocampus (median: 2.1430, range: 2.05–2.19 vs. median: 2.1760, range: 2.12–2.21, p = 0.004; U3 = 0.8421 (CIs: 0.5263, 1)), as well as left thalamus (median: 2.4230, range: 2.40–2.44, p = 0.005; U3 = 0.7895 (CIs: 0.5789, 0.9473)) in schizophrenia patients, relative to healthy individuals. Our findings provide in-vivo quantitative evidence for reduced surface complexity of hippocampus, with reduced FD indicating a less complex, less regular GM surface detected in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guihu Zhao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Kristina Denisova
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Sackler Institute for Psychobiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Pejman Sehatpour
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States of America
| | - Jun Long
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- * E-mail: ; ; (ZW); (JL)
| | - Weihua Gui
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jianping Qiao
- College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Daniel C. Javitt
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States of America
| | - Zhishun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- * E-mail: ; ; (ZW); (JL)
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Sasabayashi D, Takayanagi Y, Nishiyama S, Takahashi T, Furuichi A, Kido M, Nishikawa Y, Nakamura M, Noguchi K, Suzuki M. Increased Frontal Gyrification Negatively Correlates with Executive Function in Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2016; 27:2686-2694. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
55
|
Brain structure-function associations identified in large-scale neuroimaging data. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 221:4459-4474. [PMID: 26749003 PMCID: PMC5102954 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-015-1177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between structural and functional measures of the human brain remain largely unknown. A majority of our limited knowledge regarding structure–function associations has been obtained through comparisons between specific groups of patients and healthy controls. Unfortunately, a direct and complete view of the associations across multiple structural and functional metrics in normal population is missing. We filled this gap by learning cross-individual co-variance among structural and functional measures using large-scale neuroimaging datasets. A discover-confirm scheme was applied to two independent samples (N = 184 and N = 340) of multi-modal neuroimaging datasets. A data mining tool, gRAICAR, was employed in the discover stage to generate quantitative and unbiased hypotheses of the co-variance among six functional and six structural imaging metrics. These hypotheses were validated using an independent dataset in the confirm stage. Fifteen multi-metric co-variance units, representing different co-variance relationships among the 12 metrics, were reliable across the two sets of neuroimaging datasets. The reliable co-variance units were summarized into a database, where users can select any location on the cortical map of any metric to examine the co-varying maps with the other 11 metrics. This database characterized the six functional metrics based on their co-variance with structural metrics, and provided a detailed reference to connect previous findings using different metrics and to predict maps of unexamined metrics. Gender, age, and handedness were associated to the co-variance units, and a sub-study of schizophrenia demonstrated the usefulness of the co-variance database.
Collapse
|
56
|
Nanda P, Tandon N, Mathew IT, Padmanabhan JL, Clementz BA, Pearlson GD, Sweeney JA, Tamminga CA, Keshavan MS. Impulsivity across the psychosis spectrum: Correlates of cortical volume, suicidal history, and social and global function. Schizophr Res 2016; 170:80-6. [PMID: 26711526 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Patients with psychotic disorders appear to exhibit greater impulsivity-related behaviors relative to healthy controls. However, the neural underpinning of this impulsivity remains uncertain. Furthermore, it remains unclear how impulsivity might differ or be conserved between psychotic disorder diagnoses in mechanism and manifestation. In this study, self-reported impulsivity, measured by Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), was compared between 305 controls (HC), 139 patients with schizophrenia (SZ), 100 with schizoaffective disorder (SZA), and 125 with psychotic bipolar disorder (PBP). In each proband group, impulsivity was associated with regional cortical volumes (using FreeSurfer analysis of T1 MRI scans), suicide attempt history, Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), and Social Functioning Scale (SFS). BIS scores were found to differ significantly between participant groups, with SZA and PBP exhibiting significantly higher impulsivity than SZ, which exhibited significantly higher impulsivity than HC. BIS scores were significantly related to suicide attempt history, and they were inversely associated with GAF, SFS, and bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) volume in both SZA and PBP, but not SZ. These findings indicate that psychotic disorders, particularly those with prominent affective symptoms, are characterized by elevated self-reported impulsivity measures. Impulsivity's correlations with suicide attempt history, GAF, and SFS suggest that impulsivity may be a mediator of clinical outcome. The observed impulsivity-OFC correlations corroborate the importance of OFC deficits in impulsivity. These correlations' presence in SZA and PBP but not in SZ suggests that impulsivity may have different underlying mechanisms in affective and non-affective psychotic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Nanda
- College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neeraj Tandon
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ian T Mathew
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jaya L Padmanabhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Hirjak D, Wolf RC, Paternoga I, Kubera KM, Thomann AK, Stieltjes B, Maier-Hein KH, Thomann PA. Neuroanatomical Markers of Neurological Soft Signs in Recent-Onset Schizophrenia and Asperger-Syndrome. Brain Topogr 2015; 29:382-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-015-0468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
58
|
Hirjak D, Kubera KM, Wolf RC, Thomann AK, Hell SK, Seidl U, Thomann PA. Local brain gyrification as a marker of neurological soft signs in schizophrenia. Behav Brain Res 2015; 292:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
59
|
Nenadic I, Maitra R, Dietzek M, Langbein K, Smesny S, Sauer H, Gaser C. Prefrontal gyrification in psychotic bipolar I disorder vs. schizophrenia. J Affect Disord 2015; 185:104-7. [PMID: 26160154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia share phenotypic and genotypic features, but might differ in aspects of abnormal neurodevelopmental trajectories. We studied gyrification, a marker of early developmental pathology, in high-resolution MRI scans of 34 patients with schizophrenia, 17 euthymic bipolar I disorder patients with previous psychotic symptoms, and 34 matched healthy controls in order to test the hypothesis of overlapping and diverging prefrontal gyrification abnormalities. We applied a novel, validated method for measuring local gyrification in each vertex point of the reconstructed cortical surface. Psychotic bipolar I patients had higher gyrification in dorsal anterior and infragenual cingulate cortex compared to either schizophrenia or healthy controls, while schizophrenia patients had higher gyrification than controls in anterior medial (BA 10) and orbitofrontal areas, altogether indicating disease-specific alterations in the prefrontal cortex. Our findings indicate gyrification changes in a specific subgroup of bipolar I disorder to affect an area relevant to emotion regulation, and distinct from changes seen in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Nenadic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Raka Maitra
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Maren Dietzek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Langbein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Smesny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Favaro A, Tenconi E, Degortes D, Manara R, Santonastaso P. Gyrification brain abnormalities as predictors of outcome in anorexia nervosa. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:5113-22. [PMID: 26374960 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gyrification brain abnormalities are considered a marker of early deviations from normal developmental trajectories and a putative predictor of poor outcome in psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to explore cortical folding morphology in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). A MRI brain study was conducted on 38 patients with AN, 20 fully recovered patients, and 38 healthy women. Local gyrification was measured with procedures implemented in FreeSurfer. Vertex-wise comparisons were carried out to compare: (1) AN patients and healthy women; (2) patients with a full remission at a 3-year longitudinal follow-up assessment and patients who did not recover. AN patients exhibited significantly lower gyrification when compared with healthy controls. Patients with a poor 3-year outcome had significantly lower baseline gyrification when compared to both healthy women and patients with full recovery at follow-up, even after controlling for the effects of duration of illness and gray matter volume. No significant correlation has been found between gyrification, body mass index, amount of weight loss, onset age, and duration of illness. Brain gyrification significantly predicted outcome at follow-up even after controlling for the effects of duration of illness and other clinical prognostic factors. Although the role of starvation in determining our findings cannot be excluded, our study showed that brain gyrification might be a predictor of outcome in AN. Further studies are needed to understand if brain gyrification abnormalities are indices of early neurodevelopmental alterations, the consequence of starvation, or the interaction between both factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Favaro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy.,Centro Neuroscienze Cognitive, University of Padova, Italy.,Neuroradiology Unit, IRCSS San Camillo, Venice, Italy
| | - Elena Tenconi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy.,Centro Neuroscienze Cognitive, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Renzo Manara
- Department of Medicine, University of Salerno, Italy.,Neuroradiology Unit, IRCSS San Camillo, Venice, Italy
| | - Paolo Santonastaso
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy.,Centro Neuroscienze Cognitive, University of Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Liu CH, Keshavan MS, Tronick E, Seidman LJ. Perinatal Risks and Childhood Premorbid Indicators of Later Psychosis: Next Steps for Early Psychosocial Interventions. Schizophr Bull 2015; 41:801-16. [PMID: 25904724 PMCID: PMC4466191 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and affective psychoses are debilitating disorders that together affect 2%-3% of the adult population. Approximately 50%-70% of the offspring of parents with schizophrenia manifest a range of observable difficulties including socioemotional, cognitive, neuromotor, speech-language problems, and psychopathology, and roughly 10% will develop psychosis. Despite the voluminous work on premorbid vulnerabilities to psychosis, especially on schizophrenia, the work on premorbid intervention approaches is scarce. While later interventions during the clinical high-risk (CHR) phase of psychosis, characterized primarily by attenuated positive symptoms, are promising, the CHR period is a relatively late phase of developmental derailment. This article reviews and proposes potential targets for psychosocial interventions during the premorbid period, complementing biological interventions described by others in this Special Theme issue. Beginning with pregnancy, parents with psychoses may benefit from enhanced prenatal care, social support, parenting skills, reduction of symptoms, and programs that are family-centered. For children at risk, we propose preemptive early intervention and cognitive remediation. Empirical research is needed to evaluate these interventions for parents and determine whether interventions for parents and children positively influence the developmental course of the offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy H Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Division of Public Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA;
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Division of Public Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Ed Tronick
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA; Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Larry J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Division of Public Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Pearlson GD. Etiologic, Phenomenologic, and Endophenotypic Overlap of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2015; 11:251-81. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey D. Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510;
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Connecticut 06106
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Effects of lithium on cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volumes in psychotic bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2015; 61:180-7. [PMID: 25563516 PMCID: PMC4859940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Relative to healthy controls, lithium free bipolar patients exhibit significant gray matter abnormalities. Lithium, the long-time reference standard medication treatment for bipolar disorder, has been proposed to be neuro-protective against these abnormalities. However, its effects on cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield (HSF) volumes remain unstudied and unclear, respectively, in bipolar disorder. This study included 342 healthy controls (HC), 51 lithium free PBD patients (NoLi), and 51 PBD patients taking lithium (Li). Regional gray matter thickness and HSF volume values were extracted from 3T MRI images. After matching NoLi and Li samples, regions where HC differed from either Li or NoLi were identified. In regions of significant or trending HC-NoLi difference, Li-NoLi comparisons were made. No significant HC-Li thickness or HSF volume differences were found. Significantly thinner occipital cortices were observed in NoLi compared to HC. In these regions, Li consistently exhibited non-significant trends for greater cortical thickness relative to NoLi. Significantly less volume was observed in NoLi compared to both HC and Li in right HSFs. Our results suggest that PBD in patients not treated with Li is associated with thinner occipital cortices and reduced HSF volumes compared with HC. Patients treated with Li exhibited significantly larger HSF volumes than NoLi, and those treated with Li were no different from HC in cortical thickness or hippocampal volumes. This evidence directly supports the hypothesis that Li may counteract the locally thinner and smaller gray matter structure found in PBD.
Collapse
|
64
|
Docherty AR, Hagler DJ, Panizzon MS, Neale MC, Eyler LT, Fennema-Notestine C, Franz CE, Jak A, Lyons MJ, Rinker DA, Thompson WK, Tsuang MT, Dale AM, Kremen WS. Does degree of gyrification underlie the phenotypic and genetic associations between cortical surface area and cognitive ability? Neuroimage 2015; 106:154-60. [PMID: 25433211 PMCID: PMC4313767 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic and genetic relationship between global cortical size and general cognitive ability (GCA) appears to be driven by surface area (SA) and not cortical thickness (CT). Gyrification (cortical folding) is an important property of the cortex that helps to increase SA within a finite space, and may also improve connectivity by reducing distance between regions. Hence, gyrification may be what underlies the SA-GCA relationship. In previous phenotypic studies, a 3-dimensional gyrification index (3DGI) has been positively associated with cognitive ability and negatively associated with mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and psychiatric disorders affecting cognition. However, the differential genetic associations of 3DGI and SA with GCA are still unclear. We examined the heritability of 3DGI, and the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental associations of 3DGI with SA and GCA in a large sample of adult male twins (N = 512). Nearly 85% of the variance in 3DGI was due to genes, and 3DGI had a strong phenotypic and genetic association with SA. Both 3DGI and total SA had positive phenotypic correlations with GCA. However, the SA-GCA correlation remained significant after controlling for 3DGI, but not the other way around. There was also significant genetic covariance between SA and GCA, but not between 3DGI and GCA. Thus, despite the phenotypic and genetic associations between 3DGI and SA, our results do not support the hypothesis that gyrification underlies the association between SA and GCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Docherty
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23220, USA.
| | - Donald J Hagler
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael C Neale
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Lisa T Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, 92093, CA USA
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Amy Jak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael J Lyons
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel A Rinker
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Abayomi O, Amato D, Bailey C, Bitanihirwe B, Bowen L, Burshtein S, Cullen A, Fusté M, Herrmann AP, Khodaie B, Kilian S, Lang QA, Manning EE, Massuda R, Nurjono M, Sadiq S, Sanchez-Gutierrez T, Sheinbaum T, Shivakumar V, Simon N, Spiteri-Staines A, Sirijit S, Toftdahl NG, Wadehra S, Wang Y, Wigton R, Wright S, Yagoda S, Zaytseva Y, O'Shea A, DeLisi LE. The 4th Schizophrenia International Research Society Conference, 5-9 April 2014, Florence, Italy: a summary of topics and trends. Schizophr Res 2014; 159:e1-22. [PMID: 25306204 PMCID: PMC4394607 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The 4th Schizophrenia International Research Society Conference was held in Florence, Italy, April 5-9, 2014 and this year had as its emphasis, "Fostering Collaboration in Schizophrenia Research". Student travel awardees served as rapporteurs for each oral session, summarized the important contributions of each session and then each report was integrated into a final summary of data discussed at the entire conference by topic. It is hoped that by combining data from different presentations, patterns of interest will emerge and thus lead to new progress for the future. In addition, the following report provides an overview of the conference for those who were present, but could not participate in all sessions, and those who did not have the opportunity to attend, but who would be interested in an update on current investigations ongoing in the field of schizophrenia research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olukayode Abayomi
- Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, PMB 4007, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Davide Amato
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Ulmenweg 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Candace Bailey
- University of Texas Medical Branch, School of Medicine, 215 Mechanic Street, Apt. M206, Galveston77550, TX, United States
| | - Byron Bitanihirwe
- Laboratory of System and Cell Biology of Neurodegeneration, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lynneice Bowen
- Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | | | - Alexis Cullen
- Health Services and Population Research Department, David Goldberg Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Montserrat Fusté
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF London, UK
| | - Ana P Herrmann
- Pharmacology Department, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Sanja Kilian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Qortni A Lang
- Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street, Washington, DC 20059, United States
| | - Elizabeth E Manning
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Raffael Massuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Milawaty Nurjono
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, MD3, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Sarosh Sadiq
- Government College University, 170-S, 19/B, College Road, New Samanabad, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Teresa Sanchez-Gutierrez
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, C/Ibiza, 43 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Sheinbaum
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nicholas Simon
- Department of Neuroscience, A210 Langley Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Anneliese Spiteri-Staines
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suttajit Sirijit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nanna Gilliam Toftdahl
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, Entrance 13A, 3rd floor, DK-2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Sunali Wadehra
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, 469 West Hancock, Detroit 48201, MI, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rebekah Wigton
- Cognition and Schizophrenia Imaging Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, 16 De Crespigny Park Rd, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Susan Wright
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neuroimaging Research Program, P.O. Box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, United States
| | - Sergey Yagoda
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Medical Psychology of Stavropol State Medical University, 28b Aivazovsky str, Stavropol 355007, Russia
| | - Yuliya Zaytseva
- Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry, Russian Federation/Prague Psychiatric Centre affiliated with 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anne O'Shea
- Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA 02301, United States. anne_o'
| | - Lynn E DeLisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 940 Belmont Street, Brockton, MA 02301, United States; VA Boston Healthcare System, 940 Belmont Street, Brockton, MA 02301, United States.
| |
Collapse
|