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Simmons A, Sher DJ, Kim N, Leitch M, Haas JA, Gu X, Ahn C, Gao A, Spangler A, Morgan HE, Farr D, Wooldridge R, Seiler S, Goudreau S, Bahrami S, Neufeld S, Mendez C, Lieberman M, Timmerman RD, Rahimi AS. Financial Toxicity and Patient Experience Outcomes on a Multi-Institutional Phase I Single Fraction Stereotactic Partial Breast Irradiation Protocol for Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e259-e260. [PMID: 37784994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Given the demonstrated financial toxicity (FT) of radiation treatment on breast cancer patients shown in both conventional and our recent 5 fraction stereotactic APBI (S-PBI) study, we assessed the FT, as well as patient-reported utility, quality-of-life and patient experience measures, on patients treated in our phase I single fraction S-PBI trial. MATERIALS/METHODS A phase I single fraction dose escalation trial of S-PBI for early-stage breast cancer was conducted. Women with in-situ or stage I-II (AJCC 6) invasive breast cancer following breast conserving surgery were treated with S-PBI in 1 fraction to a total dose of 22.5, 26.5 or 30 Gy (Clinical trials.gov ID NCT02685332). At one month follow-up, patients were asked to complete our novel "Patient Perspective Cost and Convenience of Care Questionnaire". Patients also completed the EQ-5D-5L, including the visual analogue scale of overall health (VAS), at enrollment, 6, 12-, 24-, 36-, and 48-month follow-up. RESULTS Of 29 patients enrolled and treated, questionnaire data was available for all patients. Our trial encompassed a wide range of annual household incomes, education, and employment status. Overall, 44.8% (n = 13/29) of patients reported that radiation treatment presented a financial burden. Interestingly, no demographic information, such as patient race, marital status, education, household income, or employment during treatment predicted perceived FT. Patients reporting FT trended towards younger age (median 64 vs 70.5) and having a cancer related co-pay similar to our 5 fraction S-PBI FT trial; however, due to the small size of this study, this did not reach significance (p = 0.24 and 0.10, respectively). VAS and utility scores were calculated per the EQ-5D-5L and remained unchanged from baseline through 4-year follow-up. Likewise, there was no difference in the utility or VAS between patients who reported FT and those who did not. Interestingly, while patient reported cosmesis was similar for all patients at enrollment, patients who reported FT noted significantly worse cosmesis scores (fair/poor vs good/excellent) at 6 month and 2-year follow-ups (p = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). Finally, patients were surveyed on treatment related disruption to their daily activities and enjoyment of life. The median values were 0 (scale 0-10, with 0 being no disruption) regardless of perceived FT. Patients were also uniformly satisfied with treatment time with a median score of 10 (scale 0-10, 10 being most satisfied). CONCLUSION Here, we show that despite using SPBI in a single fraction, nearly half of the patients treated still reported FT of treatment. Importantly, single fraction S-PBI has no negative impact on patient VAS or utility scores, and all patients were uniformly satisfied with treatment time without significant disruption to their life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Simmons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D J Sher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - N Kim
- Vanderbilt University Department of Radiation Oncology, Nashville, TN
| | - M Leitch
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - J A Haas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center at New York University Langone Hospital - Long Island, Mineola, NY
| | - X Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - C Ahn
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Gao
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Spangler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - D Farr
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R Wooldridge
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S Seiler
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S Goudreau
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S Bahrami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S Neufeld
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - C Mendez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center at New York University Langone Hospital - Long Island, Mineola, NY
| | - M Lieberman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A S Rahimi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Denton G, Green L, Palmera M, Jones A, Quinton S, Simmons A, Choyce A, Higgins D, Arora N. Advanced airway management and drug-assisted intubation skills in an advanced critical care practitioner team. Br J Nurs 2022; 31:564-570. [PMID: 35678814 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2022.31.11.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Airway management, including endotracheal intubation, is one of the cornerstones of care of critically ill patients. Internationally, health professionals from varying backgrounds deliver endotracheal intubation as part of their critical care role. This article considers the development of airway management skills within a single advanced critical care practitioner (ACCP) team and uses case series data to analyse the safety profile in performing this aspect of critical care. Skills were acquired during and after the ACCP training pathway. A combination of theoretical teaching, theatre experience, simulation and work-based practice was used. Case series data of all critical care intubations by ACCPs were collected. Audit results: Data collection identified 675 intubations carried out by ACCPs, 589 of those being supervised, non-cardiac arrest intubations requiring drugs. First pass success was achieved in 89.6% of cases. A second intubator was required in 4.3% of cases. Some form of complication was experienced by 42.3% of patients; however, the threshold for complications was set at a low level. CONCLUSIONS This ACCP service developed a process to acquire advanced airway management skills including endotracheal intubation. Under medical supervision, ACCPs delivered advanced airway management achieving a first pass success rate of 89.6%, which compares favourably with both international and national success rates. Although complications were experienced in 48.3% of patients, when similar complication cut-offs are compared with published data, ACCPs also matched favourably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Denton
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Lindsay Green
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Marion Palmera
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Anita Jones
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Sarah Quinton
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Andrew Choyce
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Daniel Higgins
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Nitin Arora
- Consultant Intensivist, Intensive care unit; Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
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Baker SE, Ayers M, Beausoleil NJ, Belmain SR, Berdoy M, Buckle AP, Cagienard C, Cowan D, Fearn-Daglish J, Goddard P, Golledge HDR, Mullineaux E, Sharp T, Simmons A, Schmolz E. An assessment of animal welfare impacts in wild Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) management. Anim Welf 2022. [DOI: 10.7120/09627286.31.1.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) are considered one of the most significant vertebrate pests globally, because of their impacts on human and animal health. There are legal and moral obligations to minimise the impacts of wildlife management on animal welfare, yet there are few
data on the relative welfare impacts of rat trapping and baiting methods used in the UK with which to inform management decisions. Two stakeholder workshops were facilitated to assess the relative welfare impacts of six lethal rat management methods using a welfare assessment model. Fifteen
stakeholders including experts in wildlife management, rodent management, rodent biology, animal welfare science, and veterinary science and medicine, participated. The greatest welfare impacts were associated with three baiting methods, anticoagulants, cholecalciferol and non-toxic cellulose
baits (severe to extreme impact for days), and with capture on a glue trap (extreme for hours) with concussive killing (mild to moderate for seconds to minutes); these methods should be considered last resorts from a welfare perspective. Lower impacts were associated with cage trapping (moderate
to severe for hours) with concussive killing (moderate for minutes). The impact of snap trapping was highly variable (no impact to extreme for seconds to minutes). Snap traps should be regulated and tested to identify those that cause rapid unconsciousness; such traps might represent the most
welfare-friendly option assessed for killing rats. Our results can be used to integrate consideration of rat welfare alongside other factors, including cost, efficacy, safety, non-target animal welfare and public acceptability when selecting management methods. We also highlight ways of reducing
welfare impacts and areas where more data are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- SE Baker
- University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - M Ayers
- Precision Pest Management Solutions Ltd, Iveson Drive, Leeds LS16 6BG, UK
| | - NJ Beausoleil
- Massey University, Animal Welfare Science and Bioethics Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - SR Belmain
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - M Berdoy
- University of Oxford, Biomedical Services, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - AP Buckle
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK
| | - C Cagienard
- Pest Solutions, 10 Seaward Place, Glasgow G41 1HH, UK
| | - D Cowan
- Newcastle University, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle, UK
| | | | | | - HDR Golledge
- Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead AL4 8AN, UK
| | | | - T Sharp
- Vertebrate Pest Research Unit, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Tocal Agricultural Centre, Paterson, NSW, Australia
| | | | - E Schmolz
- German Environment Agency, Section IV 1.4, Berlin, Germany
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Wierenga LM, Doucet GE, Dima D, Agartz I, Aghajani M, Akudjedu TN, Albajes‐Eizagirre A, Alnæs D, Alpert KI, Andreassen OA, Anticevic A, Asherson P, Banaschewski T, Bargallo N, Baumeister S, Baur‐Streubel R, Bertolino A, Bonvino A, Boomsma DI, Borgwardt S, Bourque J, den Braber A, Brandeis D, Breier A, Brodaty H, Brouwer RM, Buitelaar JK, Busatto GF, Calhoun VD, Canales‐Rodríguez EJ, Cannon DM, Caseras X, Castellanos FX, Chaim‐Avancini TM, Ching CRK, Clark VP, Conrod PJ, Conzelmann A, Crivello F, Davey CG, Dickie EW, Ehrlich S, van't Ent D, Fisher SE, Fouche J, Franke B, Fuentes‐Claramonte P, de Geus EJC, Di Giorgio A, Glahn DC, Gotlib IH, Grabe HJ, Gruber O, Gruner P, Gur RE, Gur RC, Gurholt TP, de Haan L, Haatveit B, Harrison BJ, Hartman CA, Hatton SN, Heslenfeld DJ, van den Heuvel OA, Hickie IB, Hoekstra PJ, Hohmann S, Holmes AJ, Hoogman M, Hosten N, Howells FM, Hulshoff Pol HE, Huyser C, Jahanshad N, James AC, Jiang J, Jönsson EG, Joska JA, Kalnin AJ, Klein M, Koenders L, Kolskår KK, Krämer B, Kuntsi J, Lagopoulos J, Lazaro L, Lebedeva IS, Lee PH, Lochner C, Machielsen MWJ, Maingault S, Martin NG, Martínez‐Zalacaín I, Mataix‐Cols D, Mazoyer B, McDonald BC, McDonald C, McIntosh AM, McMahon KL, McPhilemy G, van der Meer D, Menchón JM, Naaijen J, Nyberg L, Oosterlaan J, Paloyelis Y, Pauli P, Pergola G, Pomarol‐Clotet E, Portella MJ, Radua J, Reif A, Richard G, Roffman JL, Rosa PGP, Sacchet MD, Sachdev PS, Salvador R, Sarró S, Satterthwaite TD, Saykin AJ, Serpa MH, Sim K, Simmons A, Smoller JW, Sommer IE, Soriano‐Mas C, Stein DJ, Strike LT, Szeszko PR, Temmingh HS, Thomopoulos SI, Tomyshev AS, Trollor JN, Uhlmann A, Veer IM, Veltman DJ, Voineskos A, Völzke H, Walter H, Wang L, Wang Y, Weber B, Wen W, West JD, Westlye LT, Whalley HC, Williams SCR, Wittfeld K, Wolf DH, Wright MJ, Yoncheva YN, Zanetti MV, Ziegler GC, de Zubicaray GI, Thompson PM, Crone EA, Frangou S, Tamnes CK. Greater male than female variability in regional brain structure across the lifespan. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:470-499. [PMID: 33044802 PMCID: PMC8675415 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For many traits, males show greater variability than females, with possible implications for understanding sex differences in health and disease. Here, the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Consortium presents the largest-ever mega-analysis of sex differences in variability of brain structure, based on international data spanning nine decades of life. Subcortical volumes, cortical surface area and cortical thickness were assessed in MRI data of 16,683 healthy individuals 1-90 years old (47% females). We observed significant patterns of greater male than female between-subject variance for all subcortical volumetric measures, all cortical surface area measures, and 60% of cortical thickness measures. This pattern was stable across the lifespan for 50% of the subcortical structures, 70% of the regional area measures, and nearly all regions for thickness. Our findings that these sex differences are present in childhood implicate early life genetic or gene-environment interaction mechanisms. The findings highlight the importance of individual differences within the sexes, that may underpin sex-specific vulnerability to disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Wierenga
- Institute of PsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and CognitionLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Gaelle E Doucet
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Boys Town National Research HospitalOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences, CityUniversity of LondonLondonUK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Psychiatric ResearchDiakonhjemmet HospitalOsloNorway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Research & InnovationGGZ inGeestAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Forensic Family and Youth CareLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Theophilus N Akudjedu
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
- Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation, Faculty of Health & Social SciencesBournemouth UniversityBournemouthUK
| | - Anton Albajes‐Eizagirre
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Kathryn I Alpert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Alan Anticevic
- Department of PsychiatryYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Philip Asherson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty MannheimMannheimGermany
| | - Nuria Bargallo
- Imaging Diagnostic CenterHospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- Magnetic Resonance Image Core FacilityIDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty MannheimMannheimGermany
| | | | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense OrgansUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Aurora Bonvino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense OrgansUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological PsychologyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Josiane Bourque
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- CHU Sainte‐Justine Research CenterMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Anouk den Braber
- Department of Biological PsychologyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Alzheimer CenterAmsterdam UMC, Location VUMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty MannheimMannheimGermany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric HospitalUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Neuroscience Centre ZurichUniversity and ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Alan Breier
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of PsychiatryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of PsychiatryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rachel M Brouwer
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain CenterUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Geraldo F Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State, Georgia TechAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Erick J Canales‐Rodríguez
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Xavier Caseras
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and GenomicsCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Francisco X Castellanos
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryNYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric ResearchOrangeburgNew YorkUSA
| | - Tiffany M Chaim‐Avancini
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Christopher RK Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vincent P Clark
- Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of PsychologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
- Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Patricia J Conrod
- CHU Sainte‐Justine Research CenterMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MontrealMontrealCanada
| | - Annette Conzelmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and PsychotherapyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
- Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology II)PFH – Private University of Applied SciencesGöttingenGermany
| | - Fabrice Crivello
- Groupe d'Imagerie NeurofonctionnelleInstitut des Maladies NeurodégénérativesBordeauxFrance
| | - Christopher G Davey
- Centre for Youth Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- OrygenParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Erin W Dickie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological & Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences; Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of MedicineUniversity Hospital C.G. CarusDresdenGermany
| | - Dennis van't Ent
- Department of Biological PsychologyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jean‐Paul Fouche
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
| | - Barbara Franke
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Paola Fuentes‐Claramonte
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
| | - Eco JC de Geus
- Department of Biological PsychologyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - David C Glahn
- Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Department of PsychiatryBoston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Olin Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, Institute of LivingHartford HospitalHartfordConnecticutUSA
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of PsychologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Site Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General PsychiatryHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Patricia Gruner
- Department of PsychiatryYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Lifespan Brain InstituteChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Tiril P Gurholt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Early PsychosisAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Beathe Haatveit
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Ben J Harrison
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of PsychiatryThe University of Melbourne & Melbourne HealthMelbourneAustralia
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulationUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sean N Hatton
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dirk J Heslenfeld
- Departments of Experimental and Clinical PsychologyVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Odile A van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty MannheimMannheimGermany
| | - Avram J Holmes
- Department of PsychiatryYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of PsychologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Norbert Hosten
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and NeuroradiologyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Fleur M Howells
- Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain CenterUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Chaim Huyser
- De Bascule, Academic center child and adolescent psychiatryDuivendrechtThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anthony C James
- Department of PsychiatryWarneford HospitalOxfordUK
- Highfield UnitWarneford HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Jiyang Jiang
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of PsychiatryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
| | - John A Joska
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
| | - Andrew J Kalnin
- Department of RadiologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOhioUSA
| | | | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain CenterUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Laura Koenders
- Department of Early PsychosisAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Knut K Kolskår
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HTNesoddenNorway
| | - Bernd Krämer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General PsychiatryHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jim Lagopoulos
- Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience Thompson InstituteBirtinyaQueenslandAustralia
- University of the Sunshine CoastSunshine CoastQueenslandAustralia
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyHospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institut (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of MedicineUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Irina S Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal AnalysisMental Health Research CenterMoscowRussia
| | - Phil H Lee
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Christine Lochner
- SA MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of PsychiatryStellenbosch UniversityCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
| | | | - Sophie Maingault
- Institut des maladies neurodégénérativesUniversité de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic EpidemiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Ignacio Martínez‐Zalacaín
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University HospitalBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - David Mataix‐Cols
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- University of BordeauxBordeauxFrance
- Bordeaux University HospitalBordeauxFrance
| | - Brenna C McDonald
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | | | - Katie L McMahon
- Herston Imaging Research Facility and School of Clinical SciencesQueensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Genevieve McPhilemy
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life SciencesMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - José M Menchón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University HospitalBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jilly Naaijen
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation SciencesUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
- Department of Integrative Medical BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamEmma Neuroscience Group, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & DevelopmentAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Clinical Neuropsychology SectionVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Yannis Paloyelis
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Centre of Mental Health, Medical FacultyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense OrgansUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
- Lieber Institute for Brain DevelopmentJohns Hopkins Medical CampusBaltimoreMary LandUSA
| | - Edith Pomarol‐Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
| | - Maria J Portella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Department of PsychiatryInstitut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical‐detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis StudiesInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital FrankfurtFrankfur am MaintGermany
| | - Geneviève Richard
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Joshua L Roffman
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
| | - Pedro GP Rosa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Matthew D Sacchet
- Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress ResearchMcLean Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBelmontMassachusettsUSA
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of PsychiatryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Neuropsychiatric InstituteThe Prince of Wales HospitalRandwickNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
| | - Salvador Sarró
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
| | | | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Mauricio H Serpa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental HealthSingaporeSingapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neurology, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Iris E Sommer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Rijksuniversiteit GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Carles Soriano‐Mas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University HospitalBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health SciencesUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
| | - Lachlan T Strike
- Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Philip R Szeszko
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC)James J. Peters VA Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Henk S Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexander S Tomyshev
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal AnalysisMental Health Research CenterMoscowRussia
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of PsychiatryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyFaculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Ilya M Veer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry & Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam UMC, location VUMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Aristotle Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), partner site GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of RadiologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Bernd Weber
- Institute for Experimental Epileptology and Cognition ResearchUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of PsychiatryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - John D West
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Division of PsychiatryUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Division of PsychiatryRoyal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghUK
| | | | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Site Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Centre for Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Yuliya N Yoncheva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Child Study CenterHassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU LangoneNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Marcus V Zanetti
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Instituto de Ensino e PesquisaHospital Sírio‐LibanêsSão PauloBrazil
| | - Georg C Ziegler
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental HealthUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Greig I de Zubicaray
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Eveline A Crone
- Institute of PsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and CognitionLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies (DPECS), Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral SciencesErasmus University RotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Psychiatric ResearchDiakonhjemmet HospitalOsloNorway
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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Underwood R, Mason L, O'Daly O, Dalton J, Simmons A, Barker GJ, Peters E, Kumari V. You read my mind: fMRI markers of threatening appraisals in people with persistent psychotic experiences. NPJ Schizophr 2021; 7:49. [PMID: 34635671 PMCID: PMC8505497 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Anomalous perceptual experiences are relatively common in the general population. Evidence indicates that the key to distinguishing individuals with persistent psychotic experiences (PEs) with a need for care from those without is how they appraise their anomalous experiences. Here, we aimed to characterise the neural circuits underlying threatening and non-threatening appraisals in people with and without a need for care for PEs, respectively. A total of 48 participants, consisting of patients with psychosis spectrum disorder (clinical group, n = 16), non-need-for-care participants with PEs (non-clinical group, n = 16), and no-PE healthy control participants (n = 16), underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while completing the Telepath task, designed to induce an anomalous perceptual experience. Appraisals of the anomalous perceptual experiences were examined, as well as functional brain responses during this window, for significant group differences. We also examined whether activation co-varied with the subjective threat appraisals reported in-task by participants. The clinical group reported elevated subjective threat appraisals compared to both the non-clinical and no-PE control groups, with no differences between the two non-clinical groups. This pattern of results was accompanied by reduced activation in the superior and inferior frontal gyri in the clinical group as compared to the non-clinical and control groups. Precuneus activation scaled with threat appraisals reported in-task. Resilience in the context of persistent anomalous experiences may be explained by intact functioning of fronto-parietal regions, and may correspond to the ability to contextualise and flexibly evaluate psychotic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Underwood
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, London, UK. .,South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Kent, UK.
| | - Liam Mason
- University College London, Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, UK.,University College London, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, UK
| | - Owen O'Daly
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey Dalton
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - Gareth J Barker
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - Emmanuelle Peters
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Kent, UK
| | - Veena Kumari
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, London, UK.,Brunel University London, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Uxbridge, UK
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Denton G, Green L, Palmer M, Jones A, Quinton S, Simmons A, Choyce A, Higgins D, Arora N. Evaluation of the safety of inter-hospital transfers of critically ill patients led by advanced critical care practitioners. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:470-476. [PMID: 33876681 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.8.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ten thousand inter-hospital transfers of critically ill adults take place annually in the UK. Studies highlight deficiencies in experience and training of staff, equipment, stabilisation before departure, and logistical difficulties. This article is a quality improvement review of an advanced critical care practitioner (ACCP)-led inter-hospital transfer service. METHODS The tool Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence was used as the format for the review, combined with clinical audit of advanced critical care practitioner-led transfers over a period of more than 3 years. RESULTS The transfer service has operated for 8 years; ACCPs conducted 934 critical care transfers of mechanically ventilated patients, including 286 inter-hospital transfers, between January 2017 and September 2020. The acuity of transfer patients was high, 82.2% required support of more than one organ, 49% required more than 50% oxygen. Uneventful transfer occurred in 81.4% of cases; the most common patient-related complication being hypotension, logistical issues were responsible for half of the complications. CONCLUSION This quality improvement project provides an example of safe and effective advanced practice in an area that is traditionally a medically led domain. ACCPs can provide an alternative process of care for critically ill adults who require external transfer, and a benchmark for audit and quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Denton
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Lindsay Green
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Marion Palmer
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Anita Jones
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Sarah Quinton
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Andrew Choyce
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Daniel Higgins
- Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
| | - Nitin Arora
- Intensive Care Consultant Intensive Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham
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Tukachinsky H, Madison RW, Chung JH, Gjoerup OV, Severson EA, Dennis L, Fendler BJ, Morley S, Zhong L, Graf RP, Ross JS, Alexander BM, Abida W, Chowdhury S, Ryan CJ, Fizazi K, Golsorkhi T, Watkins SP, Simmons A, Loehr A, Venstrom JM, Oxnard GR. Genomic Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA in 3,334 Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer Identifies Targetable BRCA Alterations and AR Resistance Mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3094-3105. [PMID: 33558422 PMCID: PMC9295199 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is of increasing value for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). mCRPC tends to metastasize to bone, making tissue biopsies challenging to obtain. We hypothesized CGP of cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) could offer a minimally invasive alternative to detect targetable genomic alterations (GA) that inform clinical care. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using plasma from 3,334 patients with mCRPC (including 1,674 screening samples from TRITON2/3), we evaluated the landscape of GAs detected in ctDNA and assessed concordance with tissue-based CGP. RESULTS A total of 3,129 patients (94%) had detectable ctDNA with a median ctDNA fraction of 7.5%; BRCA1/2 was mutated in 295 (8.8%). In concordance analysis, 72 of 837 patients had BRCA1/2 mutations detected in tissue, 67 (93%) of which were also identified using ctDNA, including 100% of predicted germline variants. ctDNA harbored some BRCA1/2 alterations not identified by tissue testing, and ctDNA was enriched in therapy resistance alterations, as well as possible clonal hematopoiesis mutations (e.g., in ATM and CHEK2). Potential androgen receptor resistance alterations were detected in 940 of 2,213 patients (42%), including amplifications, polyclonal and compound mutations, rearrangements, and novel deletions in exon 8. CONCLUSIONS Genomic analysis of ctDNA from patients with mCRPC recapitulates the genomic landscape detected in tissue biopsies, with a high level of agreement in detection of BRCA1/2 mutations, but more acquired resistance alterations detected in ctDNA. CGP of ctDNA is a compelling clinical complement to tissue CGP, with reflex to tissue CGP if negative for actionable variants.See related commentary by Hawkey and Armstrong, p. 2961.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jon H Chung
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Lucas Dennis
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Lei Zhong
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ryon P Graf
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey S Ross
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | | | - Wassim Abida
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy's, King's, and St. Thomas' Hospital, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Charles J Ryan
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Grivas P, Loriot Y, Morales-Barrera R, Teo MY, Zakharia Y, Feyerabend S, Vogelzang NJ, Grande E, Adra N, Alva A, Necchi A, Rodriguez-Vida A, Gupta S, Josephs DH, Srinivas S, Wride K, Thomas D, Simmons A, Loehr A, Dusek RL, Nepert D, Chowdhury S. Efficacy and safety of rucaparib in previously treated, locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma from a phase 2, open-label trial (ATLAS). BMC Cancer 2021; 21:593. [PMID: 34030643 PMCID: PMC8147008 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATLAS evaluated the efficacy and safety of the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in patients with previously treated locally advanced/unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). METHODS Patients with UC were enrolled independent of tumor homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status and received rucaparib 600 mg BID. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed objective response rate (RECIST v1.1) in the intent-to-treat and HRD-positive (loss of genome-wide heterozygosity ≥10%) populations. Key secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Disease control rate (DCR) was defined post-hoc as the proportion of patients with a confirmed complete or partial response (PR), or stable disease lasting ≥16 weeks. RESULTS Of 97 enrolled patients, 20 (20.6%) were HRD-positive, 30 (30.9%) HRD-negative, and 47 (48.5%) HRD-indeterminate. Among 95 evaluable patients, there were no confirmed responses. However, reductions in the sum of target lesions were observed, including 6 (6.3%) patients with unconfirmed PR. DCR was 11.6%; median PFS was 1.8 months (95% CI, 1.6-1.9). No relationship was observed between HRD status and efficacy endpoints. Median treatment duration was 1.8 months (range, 0.1-10.1). Most frequent any-grade treatment-emergent adverse events were asthenia/fatigue (57.7%), nausea (42.3%), and anemia (36.1%). Of 64 patients with data from tumor tissue samples, 10 (15.6%) had a deleterious alteration in a DNA damage repair pathway gene, including four with a deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 alteration. CONCLUSIONS Rucaparib did not show significant activity in unselected patients with advanced UC regardless of HRD status. The safety profile was consistent with that observed in patients with ovarian or prostate cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03397394). Date of registration: 12 January 2018. This trial was registered in EudraCT (2017-004166-10).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Grivas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, 1144 Eastlake Avenue E, LG- 465, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| | - Y Loriot
- Department of Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U981, Université Paris-Saclay, 39 Rue Camille Desmoulins, 94800, Villejuif, France
| | | | - M Y Teo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Y Zakharia
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Iowa and Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - S Feyerabend
- Studienpraxis Urologie, Steinengrabenstraße 17, 72622, Nürtingen, Germany
| | - N J Vogelzang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, 3730 S Eastern Avenue, Las Vegas, NV, 89169, USA
| | - E Grande
- Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Calle de Arturo Soria, 270 28033, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Adra
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, 535 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - A Alva
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - A Necchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Rodriguez-Vida
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Maritim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Gupta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 1950 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - D H Josephs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - S Srinivas
- Division of Medical Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - K Wride
- Clovis Oncology, Inc., 5500 Flatiron Parkway, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Clovis Oncology, Inc., 5500 Flatiron Parkway, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - A Simmons
- Clovis Oncology, Inc., 5500 Flatiron Parkway, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - A Loehr
- Clovis Oncology, Inc., 5500 Flatiron Parkway, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - R L Dusek
- Clovis Oncology, Inc., 5500 Flatiron Parkway, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - D Nepert
- Clovis Oncology, Inc., 5500 Flatiron Parkway, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - S Chowdhury
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust & Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
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Tukachinsky H, Madison R, Chung J, Dennis L, Fendler B, Morley S, Zhong L, Graf R, Ross JS, Alexander BM, Abida W, Chowdhury S, Ryan CJ, Fizazi K, Golsorkhi AA, Watkins SP, Simmons A, Loehr A, Venstrom J, Oxnard GR. Genomic analysis of circulating tumor DNA in 3,334 patients with advanced prostate cancer to identify targetable BRCA alterations and AR resistance mechanisms. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.6_suppl.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
25 Background: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from plasma provides a minimally invasive method to identify targetable genomic alterations (GAs) and resistance mechanisms in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The circulating tumor fraction in patients with mCRPC and the clinical validity of GAs detected in plasma remain unknown. We evaluated the landscape of GAs using ctDNA-based CGP and assessed concordance with tissue-based CGP. Methods: Plasma from 3,334 patients with advanced prostate cancer (including 1,674 mCRPC screening samples from the TRITON2/3 trials and 1,660 samples from routine clinical CGP) was analyzed using hybrid-capture-based gene panel NGS assays. Results were compared with CGP of 2,006 metastatic prostate cancer tissue biopsies. Concordance was evaluated in 837 patients with both tissue (archival or contemporaneous) and plasma NGS results. Results: 3,127 patients [94%] had detectable ctDNA. BRCA1/2 were mutated in 295 patients [8.8%]. In concordance analysis, 72/837 [8.6%] patients had BRCA1/2 mutations detected in tissue, 67 [93%] of whom were also identified by ctDNA, and 20 patients were identified using ctDNA but not tissue [23% of all patients identified using ctDNA]. ctDNA detected subclonal BRCA1/2 reversions in 10 of 1,660 [0.6%] routine clinical CGP samples. AR alterations, including amplifications and hotspot mutations, which were detected in 940/2,213 patients [42%]. Rare AR compound mutations, rearrangements, and novel in-frame deletions were identified. Altered pathways included PI3K/AKT/mTOR [14%], WNT/β-catenin [17%], and RAS/RAF/MEK [5%]. Microsatellite instability was detected in 31/2,213 patients [1.4%]. Conclusions: In the largest study of mCRPC plasma samples conducted to date, CGP of ctDNA recapitulated the genomic landscape detected in tissue biopsies, with a high level of agreement in detection of BRCA1/2 alterations. It also identified patients who may have gained somatic BRCA1/2 alterations since archival tissue was collected. ctDNA detected more acquired resistance GAs than tissue, including novel AR-activating variants. The large percentage of patients with rich genomic signal from ctDNA, and the sensitive, specific detection of BRCA1/2 alterations position liquid biopsy as a compelling clinical complement to tissue CGP for patients with mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jon Chung
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wassim Abida
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy’s, King's, and St. Thomas' Hospitals, and Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles J. Ryan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Karim Fizazi
- Institut Gustave Roussy and University of Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
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10
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Mårtensson G, Ferreira D, Granberg T, Cavallin L, Oppedal K, Padovani A, Rektorova I, Bonanni L, Pardini M, Kramberger MG, Taylor J, Hort J, Snædal J, Kulisevsky J, Blanc F, Antonini A, Mecocci P, Vellas B, Tsolaki M, Kloszewska I, Soininen H, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Aarsland D, Westman E. The reliability of a deep learning model in external memory clinic MRI data: A multi‐cohort study. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.042969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tobias Granberg
- Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Lena Cavallin
- Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ketil Oppedal
- University of Stavanger Stavanger Norway
- Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway
| | | | | | - Laura Bonanni
- University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti‐Pescara Chieti Italy
| | | | | | - John‐Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - Jakub Hort
- Memory Clinic Department of Neurology Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jón Snædal
- Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavik Iceland
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Movement Disorders Unit Neurology Department Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute (IIB‐Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- University of Strasbourg & CNRS ICube Laboratory (UMR 7357) Strasbourg France
- Memory Ressource and Research Center of Strasbourg Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | | | | | - Bruno Vellas
- INSERM UMR 1027 Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age‐Related Medicine Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
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11
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Gilson C, Ingleby F, Gilbert DC, Parry MA, Atako NB, Ali A, Hoyle A, Clarke NW, Gannon M, Wanstall C, Brawley C, Mason MD, Malik Z, Simmons A, Loehr A, Parry-Jones A, Eeles R, Kote-Jarai Z, James ND, Amos C, Parmar MKB, Langley RE, Sydes MR, Attard G, Chowdhury S. Genomic Profiles of De Novo High- and Low-Volume Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Results From a 2-Stage Feasibility and Prevalence Study in the STAMPEDE Trial. JCO Precis Oncol 2020; 4:882-897. [PMID: 35050761 DOI: 10.1200/po.19.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/11/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The STAMPEDE trial recruits men with newly diagnosed, high-risk, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. To ascertain the feasibility of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) and the prevalence of baseline genomic aberrations, we sequenced tumor and germline DNA from patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) starting long-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS In a 2-stage approach, archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate tumor core biopsy samples were retrospectively subjected to 2 tNGS assays. Prospective enrollment enabled validation using tNGS in tumor and germline DNA. RESULTS In stage 1, tNGS data were obtained from 185 tumors from 287 patients (65%); 98% had de novo mPCa. We observed PI3K pathway aberrations in 43%, due to PTEN copy-number loss (34%) and/or activating mutations in PIK3 genes or AKT (18%) and TP53 mutation or loss in 33%. No androgen receptor (AR) aberrations were detected; RB1 loss was observed in < 1%. In stage 2, 93 (92%) of 101 FFPE tumors (biopsy obtained within 8 months) were successfully sequenced prospectively. The prevalence of DNA damage repair (DDR) deficiency was 14% (somatic) and 5% (germline). BRCA2 mutations and mismatch repair gene mutations were exclusive to high-volume disease. Aberrant DDR (22% v 15%), Wnt pathway (16% v 4%), and chromatin remodeling (16% v 8%) were all more common in high-volume compared with low-volume disease, but the small numbers limited statistical comparisons. CONCLUSION Prospective genomic characterization is feasible using residual diagnostic tumor samples and reveals that the genomic landscapes of de novo high-volume mPCa and advanced metastatic prostate cancer have notable similarities (PI3K pathway, DDR, Wnt, chromatin remodeling) and differences (AR, RB1). These results will inform the design and conduct of biomarker-directed trials in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Gilson
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Ingleby
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan C Gilbert
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marina A Parry
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nafisah B Atako
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adnan Ali
- GU Research and FASTMAN groups, Manchester Cancer Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Hoyle
- GU Research and FASTMAN groups, Manchester Cancer Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trusts, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Noel W Clarke
- GU Research and FASTMAN groups, Manchester Cancer Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trusts, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Gannon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Wanstall
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Brawley
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zafar Malik
- Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Rosalind Eeles
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Claire Amos
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mahesh K B Parmar
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E Langley
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew R Sydes
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerhardt Attard
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Park YH, Hodges A, Simmons A, Lovestone S, Weiner MW, Kim S, Saykin AJ, Nho K. Association of blood-based transcriptional risk scores with biomarkers for Alzheimer disease. Neurol Genet 2020; 6:e517. [PMID: 33134515 PMCID: PMC7577551 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine whether transcriptional risk scores (TRSs), a summation of polarized expression levels of functional genes, reflect the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods Blood transcriptome data were from Caucasian participants, which included AD, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitively normal controls (CN) in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI, n = 661) and AddNeuroMed (n = 674) cohorts. To calculate TRSs, we selected functional genes that were expressed under the control of the AD risk loci and were identified as being responsible for AD by using Bayesian colocalization and mendelian randomization methods. Regression was used to investigate the association of the TRS with diagnosis (AD vs CN) and MRI biomarkers (entorhinal thickness and hippocampal volume). Regression was also used to evaluate whether expression of each functional gene was associated with AD diagnosis. Results The TRS was significantly associated with AD diagnosis, hippocampal volume, and entorhinal cortical thickness in the ADNI. The association of the TRS with AD diagnosis and entorhinal cortical thickness was also replicated in AddNeuroMed. Among functional genes identified to calculate the TRS, CD33 and PILRA were significantly upregulated, and TRAPPC6A was significantly downregulated in patients with AD compared with CN, all of which were identified in the ADNI and replicated in AddNeuroMed. Conclusions The blood-based TRS is significantly associated with AD diagnosis and neuroimaging biomarkers. In blood, CD33 and PILRA were known to be associated with uptake of β-amyloid and herpes simplex virus 1 infection, respectively, both of which may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Classification of evidence The study is rated Class III because of the case control design and the risk of spectrum bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Park
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Angela Hodges
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Michael W Weiner
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (Y.H.P., A.J.S., K.N.), and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (Y.H.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (A.H., A.S.), King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (S.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry (M.W.W.), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (A.J.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (K.N.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
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13
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Young KS, Rennalls SJ, Leppanen J, Mataix-Cols D, Simmons A, Suda M, Campbell IC, O'Daly O, Cardi V. Exposure to food in anorexia nervosa and brain correlates of food-related anxiety: findings from a pilot study. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:1068-1075. [PMID: 32663934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the primary target of treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN) is weight gain, established psychological interventions focus on maintaining factors of AN, and do not specifically address eating behaviours. We have previously reported results of a case series investigating in-vivo food exposure in AN, demonstrating the feasibility and acceptability of this treatment together with evidence of significant clinical change (Cardi, Leppanen, Mataix-Cols, Campbell, & Treasure, 2019). The current study examined the neural circuitry of food-related anxiety. METHODS We examined neural reactivity (fMRI) to food images pre- and post-food exposure therapy (n=16), and compared it to a group of healthy control participants (HC n=21) who were scanned on two occasions. RESULTS Prior to treatment, the AN group (compared to HC) showed less reactivity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Following exposure treatment, patients (compared to HC), show increased activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, decreased activity in the superior parietal lobe and no differences in the ACC. The level of activation of the insula (pre-treatment) predicted the degree of post-treatment reduction in self-reported food anxiety in AN. Changes in food-related anxiety were also associated with changes in neural activation in a cluster located in the middle temporal gyrus/lateral parietal cortex. LIMITATIONS The primary limitations of this work are the small sample size and lack of patient comparison group. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to food in AN may be associated with changes in neural circuitries implicated in emotion regulation and attentional processes. However, these findings need replication in larger and controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Young
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London's Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, UK
| | - Samantha J Rennalls
- Dept. of Neuroimaging, King's College London's, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, UK
| | - Jenni Leppanen
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Section of Eating Disorders, King's College London's Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, UK
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Dept. of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Dept. of Neuroimaging, King's College London's, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, UK
| | - Masashi Suda
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University, Japan
| | - Iain C Campbell
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Section of Eating Disorders, King's College London's Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, UK
| | - Owen O'Daly
- Dept. of Neuroimaging, King's College London's, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, UK
| | - Valentina Cardi
- Dept. of Psychological Medicine, Section of Eating Disorders, King's College London's Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, UK; fDepartment of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy.
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14
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Nho K, Nudelman K, Allen M, Hodges A, Kim S, Risacher SL, Apostolova LG, Lin K, Lunnon K, Wang X, Burgess JD, Ertekin-Taner N, Petersen RC, Wang L, Qi Z, He A, Neuhaus I, Patel V, Foroud T, Faber KM, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Weiner MW, Saykin AJ. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis identifies novel dysregulated genes implicated in Alzheimer's pathology. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:1213-1223. [PMID: 32755048 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal gene expression patterns may contribute to the onset and progression of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). METHODS We performed transcriptome-wide meta-analysis (N = 1440) of blood-based microarray gene expression profiles as well as neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) endophenotype analysis. RESULTS We identified and replicated five genes (CREB5, CD46, TMBIM6, IRAK3, and RPAIN) as significantly dysregulated in LOAD. The most significantly altered gene, CREB5, was also associated with brain atrophy and increased amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, especially in the entorhinal cortex region. cis-expression quantitative trait loci mapping analysis of CREB5 detected five significant associations (P < 5 × 10-8 ), where rs56388170 (most significant) was also significantly associated with global cortical Aβ deposition measured by [18 F]Florbetapir positron emission tomography and CSF Aβ1-42 . DISCUSSION RNA from peripheral blood indicated a differential gene expression pattern in LOAD. Genes identified have been implicated in biological processes relevant to Alzheimer's disease. CREB, in particular, plays a key role in nervous system development, cell survival, plasticity, and learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangsik Nho
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kelly Nudelman
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias, Indiana University, Indiana
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Angela Hodges
- Psychology & Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's college London, London, UK
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State University of New York, Oswego, New York
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kuang Lin
- Psychology & Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's college London, London, UK
| | | | - Xue Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Jeremy D Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lisu Wang
- Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut
| | - Zhenhao Qi
- Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut
| | - Aiqing He
- Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut
| | | | | | - Tatiana Foroud
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias, Indiana University, Indiana
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias, Indiana University, Indiana
| | | | - Andrew Simmons
- Psychology & Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's college London, London, UK
| | - Michael W Weiner
- Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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15
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Mårtensson G, Ferreira D, Granberg T, Cavallin L, Oppedal K, Padovani A, Rektorova I, Bonanni L, Pardini M, Kramberger MG, Taylor JP, Hort J, Snædal J, Kulisevsky J, Blanc F, Antonini A, Mecocci P, Vellas B, Tsolaki M, Kłoszewska I, Soininen H, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Aarsland D, Westman E. The reliability of a deep learning model in clinical out-of-distribution MRI data: A multicohort study. Med Image Anal 2020; 66:101714. [PMID: 33007638 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2020.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Deep learning (DL) methods have in recent years yielded impressive results in medical imaging, with the potential to function as clinical aid to radiologists. However, DL models in medical imaging are often trained on public research cohorts with images acquired with a single scanner or with strict protocol harmonization, which is not representative of a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to investigate how well a DL model performs in unseen clinical datasets-collected with different scanners, protocols and disease populations-and whether more heterogeneous training data improves generalization. In total, 3117 MRI scans of brains from multiple dementia research cohorts and memory clinics, that had been visually rated by a neuroradiologist according to Scheltens' scale of medial temporal atrophy (MTA), were included in this study. By training multiple versions of a convolutional neural network on different subsets of this data to predict MTA ratings, we assessed the impact of including images from a wider distribution during training had on performance in external memory clinic data. Our results showed that our model generalized well to datasets acquired with similar protocols as the training data, but substantially worse in clinical cohorts with visibly different tissue contrasts in the images. This implies that future DL studies investigating performance in out-of-distribution (OOD) MRI data need to assess multiple external cohorts for reliable results. Further, by including data from a wider range of scanners and protocols the performance improved in OOD data, which suggests that more heterogeneous training data makes the model generalize better. To conclude, this is the most comprehensive study to date investigating the domain shift in deep learning on MRI data, and we advocate rigorous evaluation of DL models on clinical data prior to being certified for deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Mårtensson
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Granberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Cavallin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ketil Oppedal
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Stavanger Medical Imaging Laboratory (SMIL), Department of Radiology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Irena Rektorova
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, St. Anne's Hospital and CEITEC, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences and CESI, University G d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa and Neurology Clinics, Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Milica G Kramberger
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Medical faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jakub Hort
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jón Snædal
- Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frederic Blanc
- Day Hospital of Geriatrics, Memory Resource and Research Centre (CM2R) of Strasbourg, Department of Geriatrics, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; University of Strasbourg and French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), ICube Laboratory and Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Team Imagerie Multimodale Intégrative en Santé (IMIS)/ICONE, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angelo Antonini
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua & Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, Venezia, Venice, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Bruno Vellas
- UMR INSERM 1027, gerontopole, CHU, University of Toulouse, France
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Memory and Dementia Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Finland; Neurocenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia, London, UK; Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Mullins D, Daly E, Simmons A, Johnston P, Murphy K, Lovestone S, Murphy D. Comparison of Brain Morphology in Alzheimer’s Dementia in the General Population and Demented Subjects with Down’s Syndrome. Eur Psychiatry 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70928-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:To compare Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in Alzheimer's dementia (AD) in the general population with Down's syndrome dementia.Background review: AD is characterised by cognitive dysfunction interfering with activities of daily living. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate state between normal aging and dementia. People with Down's syndrome have an increased risk of developing AD. AD pathology initially appears in the entorhinal cortex, followed by the hippocampus and later in the temporal lobes. These areas are critical for memory functioning.Method:Volumetric analysis was performed on MRI brain scans using Measure software. Manual tracing was undertaken for the hippocampus, temporal lobes and lateral ventricles as well as the total brain volume of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum. Brain volumes were normalised as a percentage of traced intracranial volumes. Freesurfer software was used to obtain entorhinal cortical thickness measures. Statistical analysis was undertaken using SPSS15.Results:Subjects with AD (n=46), MCI (n=28) and controls (n=39) were compared with Down's syndrome demented subjects (DS+, n=20), non-demented subjects with Down's syndrome (DS-, n=45) and age-matched controls (n=43). Hippocampi, entorhinal cortex and temporal lobes were significantly reduced in AD and DS+ compared to controls. Lateral ventricles were significantly increased in AD and DS+ compared to controls. MCI and DS- produced findings between those of dementia and controls.Conclusions:Critical memory regions atrophy in dementia corresponding to decreased cognitive functioning. DS+ morphology is comparable to AD in the general population but the atrophy is less pronounced.
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Lao-Kaim NP, Giampietro VP, Williams SCR, Simmons A, Tchanturia K. Functional MRI investigation of verbal working memory in adults with anorexia nervosa. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 29:211-8. [PMID: 23849992 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLiterature regarding verbal working memory (vWM) in anorexia nervosa (AN) has been inconsistent due to a misunderstanding of the key components of vWM and introduction of confounding stimuli. Furthermore, there are no studies looking at how brain function in people with AN relates to vWM performance. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a letter n-back paradigm to study the effect of increasing vWM task difficulty on cortical functioning in the largest AN sample to date (n = 31). Although the AN group had low BMI and higher anxious and depressive symptomology compared to age-matched controls (HC), there were no between-group differences in accuracy and speed at any task difficulty. fMRI data revealed no regions exhibiting significant differences in activation when groups were compared at each difficulty separately and no regions showing group x condition interaction. Although there was a trend towards lower accuracy as duration of illness increased, this was not correlated with activity in regions associated with vWM. These findings indicate that vWM in AN is as efficient and performed using the same cognitive strategy as HC, and that there may not be a need for therapies to pursue remediation of this particular neurocognitive faculty.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Lao-Kaim
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - V P Giampietro
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroimaging, SE5 8AF London, United Kingdom
| | - S C R Williams
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroimaging, SE5 8AF London, United Kingdom; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London, Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Simmons
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroimaging, SE5 8AF London, United Kingdom; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London, Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Tchanturia
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
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Park YH, Hodges A, Risacher SL, Lin K, Jang JW, Ahn S, Kim S, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Weiner MW, Saykin AJ, Nho K. Dysregulated Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis pathway in Alzheimer's disease: network-based gene expression analysis. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 88:24-32. [PMID: 31901293 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomics has become an important tool for identification of biological pathways dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We performed a network-based gene expression analysis of blood-based microarray gene expression profiles using 2 independent cohorts, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; N = 661) and AddNeuroMed (N = 674). Weighted gene coexpression network analysis identified 17 modules from ADNI and 13 from AddNeuroMed. Four of the modules derived in ADNI were significantly related to AD; 5 modules in AddNeuroMed were significant. Gene-set enrichment analysis of the AD-related modules identified and replicated 3 biological pathways including the Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis pathway. Module-based association analysis showed the AD-related module, which has the 3 pathways, to be associated with cognitive function and neuroimaging biomarkers. Gene-based association analysis identified PRKCD in the Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis pathway as being significantly associated with cognitive function and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. The identification of the Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis pathway implicates the peripheral innate immune system in the pathophysiology of AD. PRKCD is known to be related to neurodegeneration induced by amyloid-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Park
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Angela Hodges
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kuang Lin
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jae-Won Jang
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Ahn
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Andrew Simmons
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael W Weiner
- Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Kowalczyk OS, Cubillo AI, Smith A, Barrett N, Giampietro V, Brammer M, Simmons A, Rubia K. Methylphenidate and atomoxetine normalise fronto-parietal underactivation during sustained attention in ADHD adolescents. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:1102-1116. [PMID: 31358436 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.07.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Problems with sustained attention are a key clinical feature of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) which also manifests in poor performance and abnormal fronto-striato-parietal activation during sustained attention. Methylphenidate and atomoxetine improve attention functions and upregulate abnormal fronto-cortical activation during executive function tasks in ADHD patients. Despite this, no functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study has compared the effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on the neurofunctional substrates of sustained attention in ADHD. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study investigated the comparative normalisation effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on fMRI correlates and performance in 14 ADHD adolescents relative to 27 age-matched healthy controls during a parametric sustained attention/vigilance task with progressively increasing load of sustained attention. ADHD patients were scanned three times under a single clinical dose of either methylphenidate, atomoxetine, or placebo in pseudo-randomised order. Healthy controls were scanned once and compared to patients under each drug condition to test for potential drug-normalisation effects. Relative to controls, ADHD boys under placebo were impaired in performance and had underactivation in predominantly right-hemispheric fronto-parietal, and striato-thalamic regions. Both drugs normalised all underactivations, while only methylphenidate improved performance deficits. Within patients, methylphenidate had a drug-specific effect of upregulating left ventrolateral prefrontal/superior temporal activation relative to placebo and atomoxetine, while both drugs increased activation of right middle/superior temporal cortex, posterior cingulate, and precuneus relative to placebo. The study shows shared normalisation effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on fronto-striato-thalamo-parietal dysfunction in ADHD during sustained attention but a drug-specific upregulation effects of methylphenidate on ventral fronto-temporal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia S Kowalczyk
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Ana I Cubillo
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK; Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Smith
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Nadia Barrett
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, UK
| | - Michael Brammer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, UK; Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King´s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
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Denton G, Green L, Palmer M, Jones A, Quinton S, Giles S, Simmons A, Choyce A, Munnelly S, Higgins D, Perkins GD, Arora N. The provision of central venous access, transfer of critically ill patients and advanced airway management.: Are advanced critical care practitioners safe and effective? J Intensive Care Soc 2019; 20:248-254. [PMID: 31447919 PMCID: PMC6693111 DOI: 10.1177/1751143718801706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced critical care practitioners are a new and growing component of the critical care multidisciplinary team in the United Kingdom. This audit considers the safety profile of advanced critical care practitioners in the provision of central venous catheterisation and transfer of ventilated critical care patients without direct supervision and supervised drug assisted intubation of critically ill patients. The audit showed that advanced critical care practitioners can perform central venous cannulation, transfer of critically ill ventilated patients and intubation with parity to published UK literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Denton
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lindsay Green
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marion Palmer
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anita Jones
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah Quinton
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Simon Giles
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Choyce
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sean Munnelly
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel Higgins
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gavin D Perkins
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nitin Arora
- Critical Care Unit, Heartlands Hospital, University
Hospitals, Birmingham, UK
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Park YH, Hodges A, Risacher SL, Lin K, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Weiner MW, Saykin AJ, Nho K. IC-P-057: DYSREGULATED FC GAMMA R-MEDIATED PHAGOCYTOSIS PATHWAY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: NETWORK-BASED GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.4900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Park
- Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seongnam-si Republic of South Korea
| | | | | | - Kuang Lin
- King's College London; London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Michael W. Weiner
- (2) UCSF Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging; San Francisco CA USA
| | | | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
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Lim L, Hart H, Howells H, Mehta MA, Simmons A, Mirza K, Rubia K. Altered white matter connectivity in young people exposed to childhood abuse: a tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and tractography study. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019; 44:E11-E20. [PMID: 30964614 PMCID: PMC6606424 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.170241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood abuse is associated with structural brain abnormalities. Few studies have investigated white matter tract abnormalities in medication-naive, drug-free individuals who experienced childhood abuse. We examined the association between childhood abuse and abnormalities in white matter tracts in that population, controlling for psychiatric comorbidities. METHODS We collected diffusion tensor imaging data for age- and sex-matched youth with childhood abuse, psychiatric controls (matched for psychiatric diagnoses) and healthy controls. Tract-specific analysis was conducted using tractography. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to assess group differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) at the whole-brain level. RESULTS We included 20 youth who experienced childhood abuse, 18 psychiatric controls and 25 healthy controls in our analysis. Tractography analysis showed abuse-specific reduced tract volume in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and inferior frontal-occipital fasciculus (IFoF) in the abuse group relative to both healthy and psychiatric controls. Furthermore, abnormalities in the left IFoF were associated with greater abuse severity. The TBSS analysis showed significantly reduced FA in a left-hemispheric cluster comprising the ILF, IFoF and corpus callosum splenium in the abuse group relative to healthy and psychiatric controls. LIMITATIONS It is unclear to what extent pubertal development, malnutrition and prenatal drug exposure may have influenced the findings. CONCLUSION Childhood abuse is associated with altered structure of neural pathways connecting the frontal, temporal and occipital cortices that are known to mediate affect and cognitive control. The abuse-specific deficits in the ILF and IFoF suggest that fibre tracts presumably involved in conveying and processing the adverse abusive experience are specifically compromised in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Lim
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Lim, Hart, Mirza, Rubia); the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College – Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore (Lim); the NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Howells); and the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Mehta, Simmons)
| | - Heledd Hart
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Lim, Hart, Mirza, Rubia); the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College – Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore (Lim); the NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Howells); and the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Mehta, Simmons)
| | - Henrietta Howells
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Lim, Hart, Mirza, Rubia); the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College – Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore (Lim); the NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Howells); and the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Mehta, Simmons)
| | - Mitul A. Mehta
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Lim, Hart, Mirza, Rubia); the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College – Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore (Lim); the NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Howells); and the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Mehta, Simmons)
| | - Andrew Simmons
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Lim, Hart, Mirza, Rubia); the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College – Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore (Lim); the NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Howells); and the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Mehta, Simmons)
| | - Kah Mirza
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Lim, Hart, Mirza, Rubia); the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College – Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore (Lim); the NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Howells); and the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Mehta, Simmons)
| | - Katya Rubia
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Lim, Hart, Mirza, Rubia); the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College – Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore (Lim); the NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Howells); and the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (Mehta, Simmons)
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Park YH, Hodges A, Risacher SL, Lin K, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Weiner MW, Saykin AJ, Nho K. O4-10-02: DYSREGULATED FC GAMMA R-MEDIATED PHAGOCYTOSIS PATHWAY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: NETWORK-BASED GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.4795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Park
- Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seongnam Republic of South Korea
| | | | | | - Kuang Lin
- King's College London; London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Michael W. Weiner
- UCSF Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging; San Francisco CA USA
| | | | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
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24
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Gilson C, Ingleby F, Gilbert DC, Parry M, Atako NB, Mason MD, Malik Z, Langley RE, Simmons A, Loehr A, Clarke N, James N, Parmar MKB, Sydes MR, Attard G, Chowdhury S. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer (M1 CSPC): A pilot molecular analysis in the STAMPEDE multi-center clinical trial. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.5019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5019 Background: The STAMPEDE trial recruits men with high risk prostate cancer commencing first line systemic therapy. In a pilot study to ascertain the feasibility of tNGS and the prevalence of common genomic aberrations, we tested a commercial clinically-accredited assay on tumor blocks and present data obtained in the largest cohort of treatment-naïve M1 CSPC to date. Methods: Archival FFPE blocks were retrieved from trial participants and a single block submitted for sequencing by a Foundation Medicine. Inc. tNGS assay that includes 395 genes. Results: We successfully obtained tNGS data on 115 (62%) of 186 patients enrolled between Nov-2011 and April-2017 at 15 UK participating centers. The median age was 70 years (IQR 44-85); 97% had de novo M1 disease and 83% Gleason score ≥8. We observed PTEN deficiency (34%) due to copy-number loss (25%) or mutation (9%); TP53 mutation or loss (33%) and aberrations in PI3K signaling (16%), genes involved in DNA repair (14%), Wnt signaling (14%) and cell cycle control (6%). In total, these aberrations were observed in 76% of patients, with 35% harboring two or more. No androgen receptor ( AR) mutations were detected. Conclusions: The prevalence of PTEN deficiency is comparable with that observed in mCRPC consistent with this being a feature of metastatic disease. In contrast, AR mutations are not observed in this treatment-naïve group. The prevalence of DNA repair deficiency is less than observed in mCRPC but more than reported in prostatectomy cohorts. Although it is possible to use FFPE biopsies for tNGS, the test failure-rate poises challenges to evaluating treatments in low prevalence biomarker-defined groups. These data will inform the design and conduct of biomarker-directed trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Gilson
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Ingleby
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Zafar Malik
- Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Merseyside, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E Langley
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Noel Clarke
- The Christie and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trusts, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas James
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences University Hospitals Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mahesh K B Parmar
- Medical Research Center Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Robert Sydes
- Medical Research Center Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy’s, King’s and St. Thomas’ Hospitals, and Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Abida W, Bryce AH, Vogelzang NJ, Amato RJ, Percent IJ, Shapiro JD, McDermott RS, Hussain A, Patnaik A, Petrylak DP, Ryan CJ, Stanton TS, Zhang J, Loehr A, Simmons A, Despain D, Golsorkhi AA, Watkins SP, Scher HI, Chowdhury S. Genomic characteristics of deleterious BRCA1 and BRCA2 alterations and associations with baseline clinical factors in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) enrolled in TRITON2. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.5031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5031 Background: The phase 2 TRITON2 study (NCT02952534) is evaluating the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in patients with mCRPC who have a deleterious germline or somatic alteration in BRCA ( BRCA1 or BRCA2) or 1 of 13 other DNA damage repair genes. Here we present analyses of tumor genomics and baseline clinical characteristics in mCRPC patients with a deleterious alteration in BRCA. Methods: Plasma (baseline) and tissue (archival or baseline) samples from patients with a deleterious alteration in BRCA were analyzed using Foundation Medicine next-generation sequencing assays. The alterations and zygosity of the alterations that were detected, as well as the somatic/germline status from Color Genomics testing, were summarized. Associations between genomic alterations, DNA yield, allele frequency, and baseline clinical characteristics were investigated. Results: Results are shown in the Table for a cohort of 40 BRCA2 and 5 BRCA1 patients enrolled in TRITON2 (Abida W et al. Presented at ESMO 2018. Abst 793PD). A biallelic alteration was observed in 21 of the 22 BRCA2 patients (95%) for whom alteration zygosity could be determined. Among the 5 BRCA1 patients, 1 alteration was monoallelic and 4 were of unknown zygosity. Co-occurring alterations in cancer-related or DNA damage repair genes were observed in many patients with BRCA alterations. At baseline, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) yield correlated positively with the sum of target lesions (STL; P= 0.04), but not with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels ( P= 0.86). No correlation was observed between allele frequency of the BRCA alteration baseline STL ( P= 0.68) or PSA levels ( P= 0.97). Conclusions: Patients with a BRCA mutation enrolled in TRITON2 demonstrate a profile of genomic alterations consistent with that of prior studies of patients with mCRPC. Plasma cfDNA profiling showed a correlation between baseline cfDNA yield and measurable tumor burden, but not baseline PSA. Clinical trial information: NCT02952534. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Abida
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Raymond S. McDermott
- Adelaide and Meath Hospital (Incorporating the National Children's Hospital), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arif Hussain
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Akash Patnaik
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy's Hospital and Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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26
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van Erp TGM, Walton E, Hibar DP, Schmaal L, Jiang W, Glahn DC, Pearlson GD, Yao N, Fukunaga M, Hashimoto R, Okada N, Yamamori H, Clark VP, Mueller BA, de Zwarte SMC, Ophoff RA, van Haren NEM, Andreassen OA, Gurholt TP, Gruber O, Kraemer B, Richter A, Calhoun VD, Crespo-Facorro B, Roiz-Santiañez R, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Loughland C, Catts S, Fullerton JM, Green MJ, Henskens F, Jablensky A, Mowry BJ, Pantelis C, Quidé Y, Schall U, Scott RJ, Cairns MJ, Seal M, Tooney PA, Rasser PE, Cooper G, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, Hong E, Kochunov P, Gur RE, Gur RC, Ford JM, Macciardi F, Mathalon DH, Potkin SG, Preda A, Fan F, Ehrlich S, King MD, De Haan L, Veltman DJ, Assogna F, Banaj N, de Rossi P, Iorio M, Piras F, Spalletta G, Pomarol-Clotet E, Kelly S, Ciufolini S, Radua J, Murray R, Marques TR, Simmons A, Borgwardt S, Schönborn-Harrisberger F, Riecher-Rössler A, Smieskova R, Alpert KI, Bertolino A, Bonvino A, Di Giorgio A, Neilson E, Mayer AR, Yun JY, Cannon DM, Lebedeva I, Tomyshev AS, Akhadov T, Kaleda V, Fatouros-Bergman H, Flyckt L, Rosa PGP, Serpa MH, Zanetti MV, Hoschl C, Skoch A, Spaniel F, Tomecek D, McIntosh AM, Whalley HC, Knöchel C, Oertel-Knöchel V, Howells FM, Stein DJ, Temmingh HS, Uhlmann A, Lopez-Jaramillo C, Dima D, Faskowitz JI, Gutman BA, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Turner JA. Reply to: New Meta- and Mega-analyses of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Schizophrenia: Do They Really Increase Our Knowledge About the Nature of the Disease Process? Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:e35-e39. [PMID: 30470561 PMCID: PMC7041557 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theo GM van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of
California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA,Corresponding Author: Theo G.M. van Erp, Clinical
Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human
Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 5251 California
Avenue, Suite 240, Irvine, CA 92617, voice: (949) 824-3331,
| | - Esther Walton
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit and
Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, United
Kingdom
| | - Derrek P Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging
& Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern
California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA,Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, CA,
USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental
Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of
Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU
University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT,
USA,Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of
Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT,
USA,Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of
Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Nailin Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT,
USA,Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of
Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for
Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental
Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita,
Osaka, Japan,Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate
School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate school of
Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenaga Yamamori
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate
School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Vincent P Clark
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Bryon A Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sonja MC de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus,
University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus,
University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,University of California Los Angeles Center for
Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neeltje EM van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus,
University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of child and adolescent
psychiatry/psychology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT),
K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine,
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT),
K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction,
Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiril P Gurholt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT),
K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine,
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet
Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and
Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital,
Heidelberg, Germany,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience
and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Georg August University, Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Bernd Kraemer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and
Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital,
Heidelberg, Germany,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience
and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Georg August University, Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Anja Richter
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and
Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital,
Heidelberg, Germany,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience
and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Georg August University, Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital
Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-Valdecilla
Biomedical Research Institute, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute
(IDIVAL), Santander, Spain,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de
Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Santander, Spain
| | - Roberto Roiz-Santiañez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital
Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-Valdecilla
Biomedical Research Institute, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute
(IDIVAL), Santander, Spain,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de
Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Santander, Spain
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital
Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-Valdecilla
Biomedical Research Institute, Marqués de Valdecilla Research Institute
(IDIVAL), Santander, Spain,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de
Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Santander, Spain,Neuroimaging Unit.Technological Facilities, Valdecilla
Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain Dresden, Dresden,
Germany
| | - Carmel Loughland
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW,
Australia,Priority Research Centre for Brain & Mental Health,
The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle,
NSW, Australia
| | | | - Janice M Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW,
Australia,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South
Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa J Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales,
Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW,
Australia
| | - Frans Henskens
- Priority Research Center for Health Behaviour, The
University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW,
Australia,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of
Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Bryan J Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, QLD, Australia,Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne
& Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health,
University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yann Quidé
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales,
Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW,
Australia
| | - Ulrich Schall
- Priority Research Centres for Brain & Mental Health
and Grow Up Well, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW,
Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The
University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW,
Australia
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The
University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW,
Australia
| | - Marc Seal
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne,
VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Tooney
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The
University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW,
Australia,Priority Research Centre for Brain & Mental Health,
The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul E Rasser
- Priority Research Centre for Brain & Mental Health,
The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Gavin Cooper
- Priority Research Centre for Brain & Mental Health,
The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales,
Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW,
Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales,
Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW,
Australia
| | - Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of
Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of
Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Judith M Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA,
USA
| | - Fabio Macciardi
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of
California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA,
USA
| | - Steven G Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of
California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of
California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,
Beijing, China
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and
Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany, Dresden,
Germany,Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School,
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Psychiatric Neuroimaging
Research Program
| | | | - Lieuwe De Haan
- Department of psychiatry, Academic Medical Center,
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Medical
Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Assogna
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and
Behavioral Neurology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa
Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi
e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Rome, Italy
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and
Behavioral Neurology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa
Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro de Rossi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and
Behavioral Neurology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa
Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Salute Mentale e Organi di
Senso (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University
“Sapienza” of Rome, Rome, Italy,Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza
University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Iorio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and
Behavioral Neurology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa
Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and
Behavioral Neurology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa
Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi
e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and
Behavioral Neurology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa
Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of
Neuropsychiatry, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, Tx USA
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- Fundación para la Investigación y Docencia
Maria Angustias Giménez (FIDMAG) Germanes Hospitalaries Research Foundation,
Barcelona, Spain,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de
Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sinead Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and
Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simone Ciufolini
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry,
Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United
Kingdom
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for
Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Fundación para la Investigación y Docencia
Maria Angustias Giménez (FIDMAG) Germanes Hospitalaries Research Foundation,
Barcelona, Spain,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de
Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry,
Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United
Kingdom,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i
Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robin Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry,
Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United
Kingdom
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry,
Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United
Kingdom
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry,
Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United
Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Kathryn I Alpert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and
Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Aurora Bonvino
- Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Casa
Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Casa
Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Emma Neilson
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh,
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of
Korea,Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National
University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG),
Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Galway
Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National
University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | - Tolibjohn Akhadov
- Children's Clinical and Research Institute of
Emergency Surgery and Trauma, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical
Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm
County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Flyckt
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical
Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm
County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Pedro GP Rosa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21),
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied
Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Mauricio H Serpa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21),
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied
Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Marcus V Zanetti
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21),
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied
Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Cyril Hoschl
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech
Republic
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech
Republic,MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional
Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech
Republic
| | - Filip Spaniel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech
Republic
| | - David Tomecek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech
Republic,Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of
Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic,Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical
University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh,
Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology,
University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh,
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Knöchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt,
Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Viola Oertel-Knöchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt,
Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fleur M Howells
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote
Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa
| | - Dan J Stein
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote
Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa,Medical Research Council Unit on Risk & Resilience
in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town,
South Africa
| | - Henk S Temmingh
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote
Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote
Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa,MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders,
Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry,
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London,
London, United Kingdom,Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King's College
London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua I Faskowitz
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging
& Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern
California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Boris A Gutman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute
of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging
& Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern
California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging
& Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern
California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Imaging Genetics and Neuroinformatics Lab, Department of
Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Grivas P, Vogelzang NJ, Alva AS, Feyerabend S, Loriot Y, Necchi A, Gupta S, Josephs DH, Rodriguez-Vida A, Srinivas S, Zakharia Y, Wride K, Thomas D, Dusek R, Simmons A, Nepert DL, Chowdhury S. ATLAS: A phase II open-label study of rucaparib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.7_suppl.tps496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TPS496 Background: There are currently no standard treatment options for patients with mUC that has progressed on or after platinum (cisplatin/carboplatin)–based chemotherapy (PBC) and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), emphasizing the need for new therapies. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas bladder cancer dataset suggests that approximately 60% of bladder cancer tumors have homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), as defined by high genomic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) or a deleterious mutation in a homologous recombination pathway gene. The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) rucaparib has demonstrated activity in tumors with HRD and in homologous recombination proficient tumors in the recurrent ovarian cancer setting. The ATLAS (NCT03397394) trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of rucaparib in patients with locally advanced/unresectable UC or mUC treated with 1–2 prior anticancer treatments. Methods: Eligible patients must have measurable disease per RECIST v1.1, adequate organ function, and radiographic progression after 1–2 prior regimens (eg, PBC and/or ICI). Confirmation of HRD status before enrollment is not required, but fresh tumor tissue or recently obtained archival tissue is mandatory for HRD profiling. Prior PARPi treatment is exclusionary. All patients will receive oral rucaparib 600 mg BID until disease progression or other reason for discontinuation. The coprimary endpoints are confirmed objective response rate (investigator-assessed per RECIST v1.1) in the intent-to-treat and HRD-positive (signature based on tumor genomic LOH) populations. Secondary endpoints include response duration, progression-free survival, overall survival, safety, and pharmacokinetics. Exploratory endpoints include evaluation of molecular biomarkers associated with response and resistance to rucaparib, including changes in plasma and tumor samples, and circulating tumor DNA. Patients are being enrolled in 6 countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, and USA), with a target enrollment of 200 patients. The study has > 90% power to reject the null hypothesis (P = 0.10) at a 5% significance level if the true response rate for rucaparib is 20%. Clinical trial information: NCT03397394.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sumati Gupta
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | - Yousef Zakharia
- University of Iowa Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy's Hospital and Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Boccardi V, Westman E, Pelini L, Lindberg O, Muehlboeck JS, Simmons A, Tarducci R, Floridi P, Chiarini P, Soininen H, Kloszewska I, Tsolaki M, Vellas B, Spenger C, Wahlund LO, Lovestone S, Mecocci P. Differential Associations of IL-4 With Hippocampal Subfields in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 10:439. [PMID: 30705627 PMCID: PMC6344381 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: We aimed to assess the association between in volumetric measures of hippocampal sub-regions - in healthy older controls (HC), subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD- with circulating levels of IL-4. Methods: From AddNeuroMed Project 113 HC, 101 stable MCI (sMCI), 22 converter MCI (cMCI) and 119 AD were included. Hippocampal subfield volumes were analyzed using Freesurfer 6.0.0 on high-resolution sagittal 3D-T1W MP-RAGE acquisitions. Plasmatic IL-4 was measured using ELISA assay. Results: IL-4 was found to be (a) positively associate with left subiculum volume (β = 0.226, p = 0.037) in sMCI and (b) negatively associate with left subiculum volume (β = -0.253, p = 0.011) and left presubiculum volume (β = -0.257, p = 0.011) in AD. Conclusion: Our results indicate a potential neuroprotective effect of IL-4 on the areas of the hippocampus more vulnerable to aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Boccardi
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Pelini
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Olof Lindberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J-Sebastian Muehlboeck
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Tarducci
- Division of Medical Physics, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Piero Floridi
- Division of Neuroradiology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Pietro Chiarini
- Division of Neuroradiology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland - Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bruno Vellas
- University of Toulouse, INSERM 1027, Gérontopôle, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Spenger
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars-Olof Wahlund
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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29
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Qian Y, Von Eyben R, Liu Y, Chin F, Miao Z, Apte S, Carter J, Binkley M, Pollom E, Harris J, Prionas N, Kissel M, Simmons A, Diehn M, Shultz D, Brown M, Maxim P, Koong A, Graves E, Loo B. 18F-EF5 PET-based Imageable Hypoxia Predicts Local Recurrence in Tumors Treated with Highly Conformal Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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van Erp TGM, Walton E, Hibar DP, Schmaal L, Jiang W, Glahn DC, Pearlson GD, Yao N, Fukunaga M, Hashimoto R, Okada N, Yamamori H, Bustillo JR, Clark VP, Agartz I, Mueller BA, Cahn W, de Zwarte SMC, Hulshoff Pol HE, Kahn RS, Ophoff RA, van Haren NEM, Andreassen OA, Dale AM, Doan NT, Gurholt TP, Hartberg CB, Haukvik UK, Jørgensen KN, Lagerberg TV, Melle I, Westlye LT, Gruber O, Kraemer B, Richter A, Zilles D, Calhoun VD, Crespo-Facorro B, Roiz-Santiañez R, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Loughland C, Carr VJ, Catts S, Cropley VL, Fullerton JM, Green MJ, Henskens F, Jablensky A, Lenroot RK, Mowry BJ, Michie PT, Pantelis C, Quidé Y, Schall U, Scott RJ, Cairns MJ, Seal M, Tooney PA, Rasser PE, Cooper G, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, Morris DW, Hong E, Kochunov P, Beard LM, Gur RE, Gur RC, Satterthwaite TD, Wolf DH, Belger A, Brown GG, Ford JM, Macciardi F, Mathalon DH, O’Leary DS, Potkin SG, Preda A, Voyvodic J, Lim KO, McEwen S, Yang F, Tan Y, Tan S, Wang Z, Fan F, Chen J, Xiang H, Tang S, Guo H, Wan P, Wei D, Bockholt HJ, Ehrlich S, Wolthusen RPF, King MD, Shoemaker JM, Sponheim SR, De Haan L, Koenders L, Machielsen MW, van Amelsvoort T, Veltman DJ, Assogna F, Banaj N, de Rossi P, Iorio M, Piras F, Spalletta G, McKenna PJ, Pomarol-Clotet E, Salvador R, Corvin A, Donohoe G, Kelly S, Whelan CD, Dickie EW, Rotenberg D, Voineskos A, Ciufolini S, Radua J, Dazzan P, Murray R, Marques TR, Simmons A, Borgwardt S, Egloff L, Harrisberger F, Riecher-Rössler A, Smieskova R, Alpert KI, Wang L, Jönsson EG, Koops S, Sommer IEC, Bertolino A, Bonvino A, Di Giorgio A, Neilson E, Mayer AR, Stephen JM, Kwon JS, Yun JY, Cannon DM, McDonald C, Lebedeva I, Tomyshev AS, Akhadov T, Kaleda V, Fatouros-Bergman H, Flyckt L, Busatto GF, Rosa PGP, Serpa MH, Zanetti MV, Hoschl C, Skoch A, Spaniel F, Tomecek D, Hagenaars SP, McIntosh AM, Whalley HC, Lawrie SM, Knöchel C, Oertel-Knöchel V, Stäblein M, Howells FM, Stein DJ, Temmingh H, Uhlmann A, Lopez-Jaramillo C, Dima D, McMahon A, Faskowitz JI, Gutman BA, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Turner JA. Cortical Brain Abnormalities in 4474 Individuals With Schizophrenia and 5098 Control Subjects via the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics Through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:644-654. [PMID: 29960671 PMCID: PMC6177304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The profile of cortical neuroanatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia is not fully understood, despite hundreds of published structural brain imaging studies. This study presents the first meta-analysis of cortical thickness and surface area abnormalities in schizophrenia conducted by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Schizophrenia Working Group. METHODS The study included data from 4474 individuals with schizophrenia (mean age, 32.3 years; range, 11-78 years; 66% male) and 5098 healthy volunteers (mean age, 32.8 years; range, 10-87 years; 53% male) assessed with standardized methods at 39 centers worldwide. RESULTS Compared with healthy volunteers, individuals with schizophrenia have widespread thinner cortex (left/right hemisphere: Cohen's d = -0.530/-0.516) and smaller surface area (left/right hemisphere: Cohen's d = -0.251/-0.254), with the largest effect sizes for both in frontal and temporal lobe regions. Regional group differences in cortical thickness remained significant when statistically controlling for global cortical thickness, suggesting regional specificity. In contrast, effects for cortical surface area appear global. Case-control, negative, cortical thickness effect sizes were two to three times larger in individuals receiving antipsychotic medication relative to unmedicated individuals. Negative correlations between age and bilateral temporal pole thickness were stronger in individuals with schizophrenia than in healthy volunteers. Regional cortical thickness showed significant negative correlations with normalized medication dose, symptom severity, and duration of illness and positive correlations with age at onset. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the ENIGMA meta-analysis approach can achieve robust findings in clinical neuroscience studies; also, medication effects should be taken into account in future genetic association studies of cortical thickness in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo GM. van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Esther Walton
- Imaging Genetics and Neuroinformatics Lab, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Derrek P. Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA,Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Godfrey D. Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Nailin Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan,Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate school of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenaga Yamamori
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Vincent P. Clark
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bryon A. Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja MC. de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - René S. Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel A. Ophoff
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neeltje EM. van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Departments of Neurosciences, Radiology, Psychiatry, and Cognitive Science, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Translational Imaging and Precision Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiril P. Gurholt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cecilie B. Hartberg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unn K. Haukvik
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil N. Jørgensen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine V. Lagerberg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Kraemer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anja Richter
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Zilles
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - Roberto Roiz-Santiañez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Santander, Spain,Neuroimaging Unit.Technological Facilities, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain, Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carmel Loughland
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Vaughan J. Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Vanessa L. Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Janice M. Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa J. Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Frans Henskens
- PRC for Health Behaviour, and FEBE, University of Newcastle Australia, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Rhoshel K. Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bryan J. Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Patricia T. Michie
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yann Quidé
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ulrich Schall
- The University of Newcastle, Priority Research Centres for Brain & Mental Health and Grow Up Well, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray J. Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc Seal
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A. Tooney
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The University of Newcastle, Priority Research Centres for Brain & Mental Health and Grow Up Well, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The University of Newcastle, Priority Research Centre for Brain & Mental Health, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul E. Rasser
- The University of Newcastle, Priority Research Centre for Brain & Mental Health, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Gavin Cooper
- The University of Newcastle, Priority Research Centre for Brain & Mental Health, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas W. Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek W. Morris
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics, School of Psychology and Department of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland,Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lauren M. Beard
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Daniel H. Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aysenil Belger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gregory G. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Judith M. Ford
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fabio Macciardi
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Steven G. Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - James Voyvodic
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kelvin O. Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sarah McEwen
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fude Yang
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuping Tan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxu Chen
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyou Tang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Zhumadian Psychiatry Hospital, Henan province, Zhumadian, China
| | - Ping Wan
- Zhumadian Psychiatry Hospital, Henan province, Zhumadian, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Luoyang Fifth People’s Hospital, Henan province, Luoyang, China
| | - Henry J. Bockholt
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA,Advanced Biomedical Informatics Group, LLC, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany, Dresden, Germany,Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Psychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program
| | - Rick PF. Wolthusen
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany, Dresden, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Emotion and Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Scott R. Sponheim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,Minneapolis VA HCS, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lieuwe De Haan
- Department of psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Koenders
- Department of psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marise W. Machielsen
- Department of psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Assogna
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Rome, Italy
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro de Rossi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University “Sapienza” of Rome, Rome, Italy,Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Iorio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tx USA
| | - Peter J. McKenna
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalaries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalaries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalaries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics, School of Psychology and Department of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland,Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher D. Whelan
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Simone Ciufolini
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalaries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Robin Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Laura Egloff
- University of Basel Psychiatric Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Kathryn I. Alpert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanne Koops
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Iris EC. Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Aurora Bonvino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Emma Neilson
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dara M. Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | - Tolibjohn Akhadov
- Children’s Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Surgery and Trauma, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Flyckt
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Geraldo F. Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21), Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro GP. Rosa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21), Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio H. Serpa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21), Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus V. Zanetti
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM 21), Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cyril Hoschl
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic,MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Spaniel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - David Tomecek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Saskia P. Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heather C. Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Knöchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Viola Oertel-Knöchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Stäblein
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fleur M. Howells
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa
| | - Dan J. Stein
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa,MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henk Temmingh
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- University of Cape Town Dept of Psychiatry, Groote Schuur Hospital (J2), Cape Town South Africa,MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom,Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes McMahon
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Joshua I. Faskowitz
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Boris A. Gutman
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- Imaging Genetics and Neuroinformatics Lab, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Mårtensson G, Pereira JB, Mecocci P, Vellas B, Tsolaki M, Kłoszewska I, Soininen H, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Volpe G, Westman E. Stability of graph theoretical measures in structural brain networks in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11592. [PMID: 30072774 PMCID: PMC6072788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Graph analysis has become a popular approach to study structural brain networks in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, reported results across similar studies are often not consistent. In this paper we investigated the stability of the graph analysis measures clustering, path length, global efficiency and transitivity in a cohort of AD (N = 293) and control subjects (N = 293). More specifically, we studied the effect that group size and composition, choice of neuroanatomical atlas, and choice of cortical measure (thickness or volume) have on binary and weighted network properties and relate them to the magnitude of the differences between groups of AD and control subjects. Our results showed that specific group composition heavily influenced the network properties, particularly for groups with less than 150 subjects. Weighted measures generally required fewer subjects to stabilize and all assessed measures showed robust significant differences, consistent across atlases and cortical measures. However, all these measures were driven by the average correlation strength, which implies a limitation of capturing more complex features in weighted networks. In binary graphs, significant differences were only found in the global efficiency and transitivity measures when using cortical thickness measures to define edges. The findings were consistent across the two atlases, but no differences were found when using cortical volumes. Our findings merits future investigations of weighted brain networks and suggest that cortical thickness measures should be preferred in future AD studies if using binary networks. Further, studying cortical networks in small cohorts should be complemented by analyzing smaller, subsampled groups to reduce the risk that findings are spurious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Mårtensson
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Joana B Pereira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Bruno Vellas
- INSERM U 558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Memory and Dementia Unit, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neurocenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Giovanni Volpe
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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32
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Howells H, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Dell’Acqua F, Beyh A, Zappalà G, Leslie A, Simmons A, Murphy DG, Catani M. Frontoparietal Tracts Linked to Lateralized Hand Preference and Manual Specialization. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:2482-2494. [PMID: 29688293 PMCID: PMC6005057 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans show a preference for using the right hand over the left for tasks and activities of everyday life. While experimental work in non-human primates has identified the neural systems responsible for reaching and grasping, the neural basis of lateralized motor behavior in humans remains elusive. The advent of diffusion imaging tractography for studying connectional anatomy in the living human brain provides the possibility of understanding the relationship between hemispheric asymmetry, hand preference, and manual specialization. In this study, diffusion tractography was used to demonstrate an interaction between hand preference and the asymmetry of frontoparietal tracts, specifically the dorsal branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, responsible for visuospatial integration and motor planning. This is in contrast to the corticospinal tract and the superior cerebellar peduncle, for which asymmetry was not related to hand preference. Asymmetry of the dorsal frontoparietal tract was also highly correlated with the degree of lateralization in tasks requiring visuospatial integration and fine motor control. These results suggest a common anatomical substrate for hand preference and lateralized manual specialization in frontoparietal tracts important for visuomotor processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrietta Howells
- Natbrainlab, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Group, Sorbonne Universities, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Frontlab, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), UPMC UMRS 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Flavio Dell’Acqua
- Natbrainlab, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Ahmad Beyh
- Natbrainlab, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Zappalà
- Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesú, 5, Catania, Italy
| | - Anoushka Leslie
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Declan G Murphy
- Natbrainlab, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Marco Catani
- Natbrainlab, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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Simmons A, Robillard L, Nguyen M, Harding TC, Charych DH. Efficacy and immune modulation of the tumor microenvironment with the combination of the PARP inhibitor rucaparib and CD122-biased agonist NKTR-214. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.5582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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34
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Grivas P, Nepert DL, Wride K, Thomas D, Loehr A, Simmons A, Chowdhury S. ATLAS: A phase 2, open-label study of rucaparib in patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.tps4592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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35
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Poulakis K, Pereira JB, Mecocci P, Vellas B, Tsolaki M, Kłoszewska I, Soininen H, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Wahlund LO, Westman E. Heterogeneous patterns of brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 65:98-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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36
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Hart H, Lim L, Mehta MA, Simmons A, Mirza KAH, Rubia K. Altered fear processing in adolescents with a history of severe childhood maltreatment: an fMRI study. Psychol Med 2018; 48:1092-1101. [PMID: 29429419 PMCID: PMC6088776 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716003585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with a history of maltreatment suffer from altered emotion processing but the neural basis of this phenomenon is unknown. This pioneering functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the effects of severe childhood maltreatment on emotion processing while controlling for psychiatric conditions, medication and substance abuse. METHOD Twenty medication-naive, substance abuse-free adolescents with a history of childhood abuse, 20 psychiatric control adolescents matched on psychiatric diagnoses but with no maltreatment and 27 healthy controls underwent a fMRI emotion discrimination task comprising fearful, angry, sad happy and neutral dynamic facial expressions. RESULTS Maltreated participants responded faster to fearful expressions and demonstrated hyper-activation compared to healthy controls of classical fear-processing regions of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex, which survived at a more lenient threshold relative to psychiatric controls. Functional connectivity analysis, furthermore, demonstrated reduced connectivity between left vmPFC and insula for fear in maltreated participants compared to both healthy and psychiatric controls. CONCLUSIONS The findings show that people who have experienced childhood maltreatment have enhanced fear perception, both at the behavioural and neurofunctional levels, associated with enhanced fear-related ventromedial fronto-cingulate activation and altered functional connectivity with associated limbic regions. Furthermore, the connectivity adaptations were specific to the maltreatment rather than to the developing psychiatric conditions, whilst the functional changes were only evident at trend level when compared to psychiatric controls, suggesting a continuum. The neurofunctional hypersensitivity of fear-processing networks may be due to childhood over-exposure to fear in people who have been abused.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Hart
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - L. Lim
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - M. A. Mehta
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A. Simmons
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust and King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | | | - K. Rubia
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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37
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood abuse is associated with abnormalities in brain structure and function. Few studies have investigated abuse-related brain abnormalities in medication-naïve, drug-free youth that also controlled for psychiatric comorbidities by inclusion of a psychiatric control group, which is crucial to disentangle the effects of abuse from those associated with the psychiatric conditions. METHODS Cortical volume (CV), cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) were measured in 22 age- and gender-matched medication-naïve youth (aged 13-20) exposed to childhood abuse, 19 psychiatric controls matched for psychiatric diagnoses and 27 healthy controls. Both region-of-interest (ROI) and whole-brain analyses were conducted. RESULTS For the ROI analysis, the childhood abuse group compared with healthy controls only, had significantly reduced CV in bilateral cerebellum and reduced CT in left insula and right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). At the whole-brain level, relative to healthy controls, the childhood abuse group showed significantly reduced CV in left lingual, pericalcarine, precuneus and superior parietal gyri, and reduced CT in left pre-/postcentral and paracentral regions, which furthermore correlated with greater abuse severity. They also had increased CV in left inferior and middle temporal gyri relative to healthy controls. Abnormalities in the precuneus, temporal and precentral regions were abuse-specific relative to psychiatric controls, albeit at a more lenient level. Groups did not differ in SA. CONCLUSIONS Childhood abuse is associated with widespread structural abnormalities in OFC-insular, cerebellar, occipital, parietal and temporal regions, which likely underlie the abnormal affective, motivational and cognitive functions typically observed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lim
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - H Hart
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - M Mehta
- Department of Neuroimaging,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - A Worker
- Department of Neuroimaging,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - A Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - K Mirza
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - K Rubia
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
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38
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Norman LJ, Carlisi CO, Christakou A, Murphy CM, Chantiluke K, Giampietro V, Simmons A, Brammer M, Mataix-Cols D, Rubia K. Frontostriatal Dysfunction During Decision Making in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2018; 3:694-703. [PMID: 29706587 PMCID: PMC6278892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of the current paper is to provide the first comparison of computational mechanisms and neurofunctional substrates in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during decision making under ambiguity. Methods Sixteen boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD, and 20 matched control subjects (12–18 years of age) completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging version of the Iowa Gambling Task. Brain activation was compared between groups using three-way analysis of covariance. Hierarchical Bayesian analysis was used to compare computational modeling parameters between groups. Results Patient groups shared reduced choice consistency and relied less on reinforcement learning during decision making relative to control subjects, while adolescents with ADHD alone demonstrated increased reward sensitivity. During advantageous choices, both disorders shared underactivation in ventral striatum, while OCD patients showed disorder-specific underactivation in the ventromedial orbitofrontal cortex. During outcome evaluation, shared underactivation to losses in patients relative to control subjects was found in the medial prefrontal cortex and shared underactivation to wins was found in the left putamen/caudate. ADHD boys showed disorder-specific dysfunction in the right putamen/caudate, which was activated more to losses in patients with ADHD but more to wins in control subjects. Conclusions The findings suggest shared deficits in using learned reward expectancies to guide decision making, as well as shared dysfunction in medio-fronto-striato-limbic brain regions. However, findings of unique dysfunction in the ventromedial orbitofrontal cortex in OCD and in the right putamen in ADHD indicate additional, disorder-specific abnormalities and extend similar findings from inhibitory control tasks in the disorders to the domain of decision making under ambiguity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Norman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Christina O Carlisi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, Department of Clinical, Education and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Christakou
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Clodagh M Murphy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom; Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism Service, Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kaylita Chantiluke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Brammer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
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Khan W, Giampietro V, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Büchel C, Conrod P, Flor H, Frouin V, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Lemaître H, Nees F, Paus T, Pausova Z, Rietschel M, Smolka MN, Ströhle A, Gallinat J, Vellas B, Soininen H, Kloszewska I, Tsolaki M, Mecocci P, Spenger C, Villemagne VL, Masters CL, Muehlboeck JS, Bäckman L, Fratiglioni L, Kalpouzos G, Wahlund LO, Schumann G, Lovestone S, Williams SCR, Westman E, Simmons A. A Multi-Cohort Study of ApoE ɛ4 and Amyloid-β Effects on the Hippocampus in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 56:1159-1174. [PMID: 28157104 PMCID: PMC5302035 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has been consistently shown to modulate the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, using an AD and normal aging dataset primarily consisting of three AD multi-center studies (n = 1,781), we compared the effect of APOE and amyloid-β (Aβ) on baseline hippocampal volumes in AD patients, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects, and healthy controls. A large sample of healthy adolescents (n = 1,387) was also used to compare hippocampal volumes between APOE groups. Subjects had undergone a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and APOE genotyping. Hippocampal volumes were processed using FreeSurfer. In the AD and normal aging dataset, hippocampal comparisons were performed in each APOE group and in ɛ4 carriers with positron emission tomography (PET) Aβ who were dichotomized (Aβ+/Aβ–) using previous cut-offs. We found a linear reduction in hippocampal volumes with ɛ4 carriers possessing the smallest volumes, ɛ3 carriers possessing intermediate volumes, and ɛ2 carriers possessing the largest volumes. Moreover, AD and MCI ɛ4 carriers possessed the smallest hippocampal volumes and control ɛ2 carriers possessed the largest hippocampal volumes. Subjects with both APOE ɛ4 and Aβ positivity had the lowest hippocampal volumes when compared to Aβ- ɛ4 carriers, suggesting a synergistic relationship between APOE ɛ4 and Aβ. However, we found no hippocampal volume differences between APOE groups in healthy 14-year-old adolescents. Our findings suggest that the strongest neuroanatomic effect of APOE ɛ4 on the hippocampus is observed in AD and groups most at risk of developing the disease, whereas hippocampi of old and young healthy individuals remain unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Khan
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Arun L W Bokde
- Institute of Neuroscience and Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Patricia Conrod
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Canada
| | - Herta Flor
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Paris, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Anreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hervé Lemaître
- Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM CEA Unit 1000 "Imaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud, Orsay, and AP-HP Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tomas Paus
- otman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, UK.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Canada
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Neuroimaging Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeurgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno Vellas
- INSERM U 558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Magda Tsolaki
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Christian Spenger
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victor L Villemagne
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - J-Sebastian Muehlboeck
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Grégoria Kalpouzos
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars-Olof Wahlund
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunther Schumann
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Lovestone
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Steven C R Williams
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eric Westman
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Simmons
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abida W, Bryce AH, Balar AV, Chatta GS, Dawson NA, Guancial EA, Hussain A, Jha GG, Lipsitz DU, Patnaik A, Petrylak DP, Ryan CJ, Stanton TS, Vogelzang NJ, Zhang J, Simmons A, Go J, Golsorkhi T, Chowdhury S, Scher HI. TRITON2: An international, multicenter, open-label, phase II study of the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) associated with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.tps388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TPS388 Background: Up to 25% of patients with advanced prostate cancer, including mCRPC, have a deleterious germline or somatic mutation in BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM or another homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair gene that can serve as a molecular marker to select those who may respond to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis). PARPis are lethal to cells with HRD, and PARPi treatment has shown preliminary evidence of an antitumor effect in patients with mCRPC who harbor a mutation in an HR DNA repair gene (Mateo et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1697-708). These data provide a compelling rationale for evaluating rucaparib, a potent PARP1, PARP2 and PARP3 inhibitor, in patients with mCRPC associated with HRD. Methods: TRITON2 (NCT02952534) is a phase 2 study evaluating rucaparib 600 mg BID in patients with mCRPC. Patients with a deleterious germline or somatic BRCA1, BRCA2 or ATM mutation (per prior local test or central test during screening) will be enrolled into 1 of 2 cohorts based on the presence or absence of measurable visceral and/or nodal disease. An exploratory cohort will enroll patients with an alteration in any of 12 other prespecified HR genes (eg, RAD51C, RAD51D and PALB2), with or without measurable visceral and/or nodal disease. Patients must have progressed on androgen receptor signaling–directed therapy and 1 prior taxane-based chemotherapy for mCRPC. Patients who received prior treatment with a PARPi, mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide or platinum-based chemotherapy are excluded. The primary endpoint is objective response rate measured using modified RECIST v1.1/PCWG3 for patients with soft-tissue disease and prostate-specific antigen response for patients with nonmeasurable disease. Secondary endpoints include duration of response, radiographic progression-free survival, overall survival, clinical benefit rate and safety. Pretreatment blood samples collected from all patients will enable development of a plasma-based companion diagnostic to select patients who may benefit from rucaparib treatment. Patients (≈160) will be enrolled at > 100 sites worldwide. Clinical trial information: NCT02952534.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Abida
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Nancy Ann Dawson
- Georgetown University Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC
| | | | - Arif Hussain
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Akash Patnaik
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Charles J. Ryan
- UC San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Jingsong Zhang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | | | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital/ Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Ryan CJ, Abida W, Bryce AH, Balar AV, Dumbadze I, Given RW, Morris D, Petrylak DP, Redfern CH, Scher HI, Watkins SP, Simmons A, Passler L, Golsorkhi T, Chowdhury S. TRITON3: An international, randomized, open-label, phase III study of the PARP inhibitor rucaparib vs. physician’s choice of therapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) associated with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.tps389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TPS389 Background: Recent data have shown that up to 25% of patients with advanced prostate cancer, including mCRPC, have a deleterious germline or somatic mutation in BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, or another homologous recombination DNA repair gene. Such mutations can be used as a molecular marker to select patients for targeted treatment with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis), which are lethal to cells with HRD. Treatment with PARPis has shown preliminary evidence of antitumor activity in patients with mCRPC and a mutation in a homologous recombination DNA repair gene (Mateo et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1697-708). These data provide a compelling rationale for evaluating rucaparib, a potent inhibitor of PARP1, PARP2, and PARP3, in patients with mCRPC associated with HRD. Methods: TRITON3 (NCT02975934) is a randomized, phase 3 study evaluating rucaparib 600 mg BID vs physician’s choice of abiraterone, enzalutamide, or docetaxel in patients with mCRPC and a deleterious germline or somatic BRCA1, BRCA2, or ATM mutation (identified by prior local testing or central testing during screening). Patients must have progressed on androgen receptor signaling–directed therapy in the mCRPC setting; prior PARPi treatment or chemotherapy for mCRPC are exclusion criteria. Patients will be randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to either rucaparib or physician’s choice, with the possibility for cross over from the comparator treatment to rucaparib upon radiographic progression confirmed by independent radiology review. The primary endpoint is radiographic progression-free survival (modified RECIST v1.1/PCWG3 criteria) assessed by independent radiology review. Secondary endpoints include objective response rate, duration of response, patient-reported outcomes, overall survival, and safety. Pretreatment blood samples collected from all patients will enable development of a noninvasive plasma-based companion diagnostic to select patients who may benefit from rucaparib treatment. Patients (≈400) will be enrolled at > 100 sites worldwide. Clinical trial information: NCT02975934.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J. Ryan
- UC San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Wassim Abida
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Simon Chowdhury
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital/ Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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42
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Mendiratta P, Loehr A, Simmons A, Barata PC, Klek S, Pritchard A, Emamekhoo H, Funchain P, Sohal D, Ali SM, Gilligan TD, Ornstein MC, Garcia JA, Rini BI, Grivas P. Response to platinum-based therapy (PBT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients (pts) with genomic alterations (GA) in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
447 Background: Deleterious GA in genes of the HRR pathway and tumor mutational load (TML; mutations/Mb) were shown to predict response to PBT and ICI; further validation can be informative. We assessed the predictive role of such GA in mUC. Methods: Tissue from mUC pts treated with PBT or ICI in the 1st line setting underwent genomic profiling (GP) via FoundationOne. Pts were analyzed in 2 groups based on the presence of potentially function-impairing GA (using classification criteria) in any of 15 pre-selected HRR genes. Exploratory assessment of overall response rate (ORR; RECIST v1.1), progression-free and overall survival (PFS, OS) based on presence of relevant GA was performed using Cox proportional hazards model, Kaplan Meier estimates, and Fisher’s exact test. Results: GA were noted in 22% of 88 identified mUC pts with available GP from 2012 to 2017. The most common deleterious GA were BRCA1/2 (n=6), ATM (n=6), CDK12 (n=2), BRIP1 (n=2), BARD1 (n=1), RAD51 (n=1), and CHEK2 (n=1). Of 88 pts, 62 were treated in the 1st line setting (median age 69; 27% women; 42% never smokers). Of these 62 pts, 42 received PBT and 20 ICI. Deleterious GAs were noted in ≥1 HR gene in 24% and 10% of pts in each group, respectively. The ORR was 40% and 43% in PBT pts with and without GA in any HRR gene, respectively. Analysis showed a median OS (10.6 vs 14.3 months, p=0.11), median PFS (6.1 vs 7.9 months, p=0.05), and no difference in the rate of responders vs non-responders (p=0.53) to PBT in pts with vs without GA in HRR genes. Analysis of ICI treated pts was not feasible (only 2 had GA in HRR genes). Median TML was 8 and 10 in pts with available data treated with PBT and ICI, respectively. There was no correlation between TML and response to either 1st line therapy (analysis underpowered). Of pts with GA in HR genes, the one with the longest OS had 2 GA (CDK12; FANCA). Conclusions: Deleterious GAs in genes of HRR pathway are frequent in mUC supporting TCGA and other datasets but did not confer sensitivity to 1st line PBT in our relatively small cohort. Further biomarker validation combined with LOH assessment can inform decision making and clinical trial designs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Brian I. Rini
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Petros Grivas
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
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43
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Hart H, Lim L, Mehta MA, Curtis C, Xu X, Breen G, Simmons A, Mirza K, Rubia K. Altered Functional Connectivity of Fronto-Cingulo-Striatal Circuits during Error Monitoring in Adolescents with a History of Childhood Abuse. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:7. [PMID: 29434543 PMCID: PMC5797423 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment is associated with error hypersensitivity. We examined the effect of childhood abuse and abuse-by-gene (5-HTTLPR, MAOA) interaction on functional brain connectivity during error processing in medication/drug-free adolescents. Functional connectivity was compared, using generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, between 22 age- and gender-matched medication-naïve and substance abuse-free adolescents exposed to severe childhood abuse and 27 healthy controls, while they performed an individually adjusted tracking stop-signal task, designed to elicit 50% inhibition failures. During inhibition failures, abused participants relative to healthy controls exhibited reduced connectivity between right and left putamen, bilateral caudate and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and between right supplementary motor area (SMA) and right inferior and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Abuse-related connectivity abnormalities were associated with longer abuse duration. No group differences in connectivity were observed for successful inhibition. The findings suggest that childhood abuse is associated with decreased functional connectivity in fronto-cingulo-striatal networks during error processing. Furthermore that the severity of connectivity abnormalities increases with abuse duration. Reduced connectivity of error detection networks in maltreated individuals may be linked to constant monitoring of errors in order to avoid mistakes which, in abusive contexts, are often associated with harsh punishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heledd Hart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lena Lim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College London-Nanyang Technological University Singapore, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mitul A. Mehta
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Curtis
- MRC SGDP Centre, NIHR BRC for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience and SLaM NHS Trust, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- MRC SGDP Centre, NIHR BRC for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience and SLaM NHS Trust, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerome Breen
- MRC SGDP Centre, NIHR BRC for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience and SLaM NHS Trust, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kah Mirza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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El Meskini R, Iacovelli A, Kulaga A, Gumprecht M, Spencer M, Ileva L, Simmons A, Weaver Ohler Z. Abstract A162: Continuous treatment with rociletinib in EGFR transgenic mice results in acquired resistance to both rociletinib and osimertinib and intra-“patient” tumor heterogeneity. Mol Cancer Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-17-a162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Activating mutations in EGFR are key drivers in a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, as well as effective predictors of response to first-generation reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. However, resistance develops in many patients due to acquisition of a T790M mutation in EGFR. Rociletinib and osimertinib target the T790M mutation, and have been evaluated in previously treated EGFR mutant lung cancer patients. Osimertinib recently received FDA approval for treatment of patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC whose disease has progressed on or after EGFR TKI therapy. However, there is limited information on the mechanisms of resistance to these drugs, as well as limited in vivo models for acquired resistance to examine signaling pathways and/or possible treatments to abrogate resistance. We treated an EGFR-L858R-T790M transgenic lung adenocarcinoma mouse model daily with rociletinib to examine sensitivity and acquired resistance. Rociletinib exhibited potent antitumor activity as a single agent, resulting in complete tumor regression and suppression of phospho-EGFR. Despite the success of treatment, after long-term dosing (4-5 months) tumors acquired resistance to the drug, as evidenced by tumor regrowth on MRI. DNA from multiple tumor samples representing four individual drug-resistant mice was sequenced, and several novel mutations in EGFR were observed that may account for the resistant outgrowth of tumors in these mice. These included an insertion and a deletion mutation as well as missense mutations. Interestingly, in some cases different mutations arose in individual tumor nodules within the same mouse, suggesting that each tumor is an individual resistant clone. All mutations were located in the kinase domain of EGFR. For example, a de novo G796C mutation was one of the potential mechanisms of resistance to rociletinib found in two isolated nodules from one mouse lung. A mutation at the same amino acid has been found in a lung cancer patient after treatment with osimertinib; moreover, this mutation was found in a cell line mutagenesis screen to study the resistance to different EGFR TKIs. We generated Ba/F3 cell lines carrying each de novo identified EGFR mutation (along with the activating L858R and T790M mutations) and compared the potency of EGFR TKIs to cell lines carrying only the activating mutations. The cells that expressed putative acquired resistance mutations proved to be resistant to both rociletinib and osimertinib in vitro, suggesting that these mutations indeed mediated acquired resistance in vivo. Tumor nodules from drug-resistant transgenic mice were transplanted into recipient mice and expanded for further evaluation. Mice with transplanted resistant tumors did not respond to rociletinib or osimertinib treatment. Pathway analysis showed that phospho-EGFR was no longer suppressed in drug-resistant tumors carrying a deletion mutation, confirming that novel mutations result in drug resistance. We discovered that resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors may occur through novel mutations in EGFR. Heterogeneity of mutations in different nodules within the same lung is akin to intra-patient heterogeneity and highlights the utility of mouse models for examining acquired resistance to drugs.
Citation Format: Rajaa El Meskini, Anthony Iacovelli, Alan Kulaga, Michelle Gumprecht, Myla Spencer, Lilia Ileva, Andrew Simmons, Zoë Weaver Ohler. Continuous treatment with rociletinib in EGFR transgenic mice results in acquired resistance to both rociletinib and osimertinib and intra-“patient” tumor heterogeneity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2017 Oct 26-30; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2018;17(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A162.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan Kulaga
- NCI-Frederick/Leidos Biomed. Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | | | - Myla Spencer
- NCI-Frederick/Leidos Biomed. Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - Lilia Ileva
- NCI-Frederick/Leidos Biomed. Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - Andrew Simmons
- NCI-Frederick/Leidos Biomed. Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
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Fusté M, Pauls A, Worker A, Reinders AATS, Simmons A, Williams SCR, Haro JM, Hazelgrove K, Pawlby S, Conroy S, Vecchio C, Seneviratne G, Pariante CM, Mehta MA, Dazzan P. Brain structure in women at risk of postpartum psychosis: an MRI study. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:1286. [PMID: 29249808 PMCID: PMC5802701 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Postpartum psychosis (PP) is the most severe psychiatric disorder associated with childbirth. The risk of PP is very high in women with a history of bipolar affective disorder or schizoaffective disorder. However, the neurobiological basis of PP remains poorly understood and no study has evaluated brain structure in women at risk of, or with, PP. We performed a cross-sectional study of 256 women at risk of PP and 21 healthy controls (HC) in the same postpartum period. Among women at risk, 11 who developed a recent episode of PP (PPE) (n = 2 with lifetime bipolar disorder; n = 9 psychotic disorder not otherwise specified) and 15 at risk women who did not develop an episode of PP (NPPE) (n = 10 with lifetime bipolar disorder; n = 1 with schizoaffective disorder; n = 1 with a history of PP in first-degree family member; n = 3 with previous PP). We obtained T1-weighted MRI scans at 3T and examined regional gray matter volumes with voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness and surface area with Freesurfer. Women with PPE showed smaller anterior cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus compared to NPPE women. These regions also showed decreased surface area. Moreover, the NPPE group showed a larger superior and inferior frontal gyrus volume than the HC. These results should be interpreted with caution, as there were between-group differences in terms of duration of illness and interval between delivery and MRI acquisition. Nevertheless, these are the first findings to suggest that MRI can provide information on brain morphology that characterize those women at risk of PP more likely to develop an episode after childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Fusté
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK, SE5 8AF. .,CIBERSAM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Astrid Pauls
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF
| | - Amanda Worker
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Antje A. T. S Reinders
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF
| | - Andrew Simmons
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK ,0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Steven C. R. Williams
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK ,0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Josep M. Haro
- CIBERSAM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kate Hazelgrove
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF
| | - Susan Pawlby
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Conroy
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Costanza Vecchio
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Gertrude Seneviratne
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- 0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK ,0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cSection of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology and Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mitul A. Mehta
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College of London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK SE5 8AF ,0000 0001 2116 3923grid.451056.3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
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Horgusluoglu-Moloch E, Nho K, Risacher SL, Kim S, Foroud T, Shaw LM, Trojanowski JQ, Aisen PS, Petersen RC, Jack CR, Lovestone S, Simmons A, Weiner MW, Saykin AJ. Targeted neurogenesis pathway-based gene analysis identifies ADORA2A associated with hippocampal volume in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 60:92-103. [PMID: 28941407 PMCID: PMC5774672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients display hippocampal atrophy, memory impairment, and cognitive decline. New neurons are generated throughout adulthood in 2 regions of the brain implicated in AD, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the olfactory bulb. Disruption of this process contributes to neurodegenerative diseases including AD, and many of the molecular players in AD are also modulators of adult neurogenesis. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying adult neurogenesis in AD have been underexplored. To address this gap, we performed a gene-based association analysis in cognitively normal and impaired participants using neurogenesis pathway-related candidate genes curated from existing databases, literature mining, and large-scale genome-wide association study findings. A gene-based association analysis identified adenosine A2a receptor (ADORA2A) as significantly associated with hippocampal volume and the association between rs9608282 within ADORA2A and hippocampal volume was replicated in the meta-analysis after multiple comparison adjustments (p = 7.88 × 10-6). The minor allele of rs9608282 in ADORA2A is associated with larger hippocampal volumes and better memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrin Horgusluoglu-Moloch
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State University of New York Oswego, Oswego, NY, USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul S Aisen
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Andrew Simmons
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael W Weiner
- Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Carlisi CO, Norman L, Murphy CM, Christakou A, Chantiluke K, Giampietro V, Simmons A, Brammer M, Murphy DG, Mataix-Cols D, Rubia K. Shared and Disorder-Specific Neurocomputational Mechanisms of Decision-Making in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:5804-5816. [PMID: 29045575 PMCID: PMC6919268 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often share phenotypes of repetitive behaviors, possibly underpinned by abnormal decision-making. To compare neural correlates underlying decision-making between these disorders, brain activation of boys with ASD (N = 24), OCD (N = 20) and typically developing controls (N = 20) during gambling was compared, and computational modeling compared performance. Patients were unimpaired on number of risky decisions, but modeling showed that both patient groups had lower choice consistency and relied less on reinforcement learning compared to controls. ASD individuals had disorder-specific choice perseverance abnormalities compared to OCD individuals. Neurofunctionally, ASD and OCD boys shared dorsolateral/inferior frontal underactivation compared to controls during decision-making. During outcome anticipation, patients shared underactivation compared to controls in lateral inferior/orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum. During reward receipt, ASD boys had disorder-specific enhanced activation in inferior frontal/insular regions relative to OCD boys and controls. Results showed that ASD and OCD individuals shared decision-making strategies that differed from controls to achieve comparable performance to controls. Patients showed shared abnormalities in lateral-(orbito)fronto-striatal reward circuitry, but ASD boys had disorder-specific lateral inferior frontal/insular overactivation, suggesting that shared and disorder-specific mechanisms underpin decision-making in these disorders. Findings provide evidence for shared neurobiological substrates that could serve as possible future biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina O Carlisi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Luke Norman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Clodagh M Murphy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism Service, Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, UK
| | - Anastasia Christakou
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Kaylita Chantiluke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Brammer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Declan G Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism Service, Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, UK
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
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Norman LJ, Carlisi CO, Christakou A, Chantiluke K, Murphy C, Simmons A, Giampietro V, Brammer M, Mataix-Cols D, Rubia K. Neural dysfunction during temporal discounting in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Psychiatry Res 2017; 269:97-105. [PMID: 28988149 PMCID: PMC5647646 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Both Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) are associated with choice impulsivity, i.e. the tendency to prefer smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards. However, the extent to which this impulsivity is mediated by shared or distinct underlying neural mechanisms is unclear. Twenty-six boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD and 20 matched controls (aged 12-18) completed an fMRI version of an individually adjusted temporal discounting (TD) task which requires choosing between a variable amount of money now or £100 in one week, one month or one year. Activations to immediate and delayed reward choices were compared between groups using a three-way ANCOVA. ADHD patients had steeper discounting rates on the task relative to controls. OCD patients did not differ from controls or patients with ADHD. Patients with ADHD and OCD showed predominantly shared activation deficits during TD in fronto-striato-insular-cerebellar regions responsible for self-control and temporal foresight, suggesting that choice impulsivity is mediated by overlapping neural dysfunctions in both disorders. OCD patients alone showed dysfunction relative to controls in right orbitofrontal and rostrolateral prefrontal cortex, extending previous findings of abnormalities in these regions in OCD to the domain of choice impulsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Norman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Christina O Carlisi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Anastasia Christakou
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Kaylita Chantiluke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Clodagh Murphy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King׳s College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Michael Brammer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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Carlisi CO, Norman L, Murphy CM, Christakou A, Chantiluke K, Giampietro V, Simmons A, Brammer M, Murphy DG, Mataix-Cols D, Rubia K. Disorder-Specific and Shared Brain Abnormalities During Vigilance in Autism and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2017; 2:644-654. [PMID: 29167833 PMCID: PMC5685008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are often comorbid and share similarities across some cognitive phenotypes, including certain aspects of attention. However, no functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have compared the underlying neural mechanisms contributing to these shared phenotypes. METHODS Age- and IQ-matched boys (11-17 years old) with ASD (n = 20), boys with OCD (n = 20), and healthy control boys (n = 20) performed a parametrically modulated psychomotor vigilance functional magnetic resonance imaging task. Brain activation and performance were compared among adolescents with OCD, adolescents with ASD, and control adolescents. RESULTS Whereas boys with ASD and OCD were not impaired on task performance, there was a significant group by attention load interaction in several brain regions. With increasing attention load, left inferior frontal cortex/insula and left inferior parietal lobe/pre/post-central gyrus were progressively less activated in boys with OCD relative to the other two groups. In addition, boys with OCD showed progressively increased activation with increasing attention load in rostromedial prefrontal/anterior cingulate cortex relative to boys with ASD and control boys. Shared neurofunctional abnormalities between boys with ASD and boys with OCD included increased activation with increasing attention load in cerebellum and occipital regions, possibly reflecting increased default mode network activation. CONCLUSIONS This first functional magnetic resonance imaging study to compare boys with ASD and OCD showed shared abnormalities in posterior cerebellar-occipital brain regions. However, boys with OCD showed a disorder-specific pattern of reduced activation in left inferior frontal and temporo-parietal regions but increased activation of medial frontal regions, which may potentially be related to neurobiological mechanisms underlying cognitive and clinical phenotypes of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina O. Carlisi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, London
| | - Luke Norman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, London
| | - Clodagh M. Murphy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, London
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism Service, Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - Anastasia Christakou
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Kaylita Chantiluke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, London
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (AS), Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Brammer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London
| | - Declan G. Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism Service, Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | | | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience(DM-C), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, London
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50
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Falkenberg I, Benetti S, Raffin M, Wuyts P, Pettersson-Yeo W, Dazzan P, Morgan KD, Murray RM, Marques TR, David AS, Jarosz J, Simmons A, Williams S, McGuire P. Clinical utility of magnetic resonance imaging in first-episode psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 2017; 211:231-237. [PMID: 28473319 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.116.195834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThere is no consensus as to whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be used as part of the initial clinical evaluation of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP).Aims(a) To assess the logistical feasibility of routine MRI; (b) to define the clinical significance of radiological abnormalities in patients with FEP.MethodRadiological reports from MRI scans of two FEP samples were reviewed; one comprised 108 patients and 98 healthy controls recruited to a research study and the other comprised 241 patients scanned at initial clinical presentation plus 66 healthy controls.ResultsIn the great majority of patients, MRI was logistically feasible. Radiological abnormalities were reported in 6% of the research sample and in 15% of the clinical sample (odds ratio (OR)=3.1, 95% CI 1.26-7.57, χ2(1) = 6.63, P = 0.01). None of the findings necessitated a change in clinical management.ConclusionsRates of neuroradiological abnormalities in FEP are likely to be underestimated in research samples that often exclude patients with organic abnormalities. However, the majority of findings do not require intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Falkenberg
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Stefania Benetti
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Marie Raffin
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Phillipe Wuyts
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - William Pettersson-Yeo
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Kevin D Morgan
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Robin M Murray
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Anthony S David
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Jozef Jarosz
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Steve Williams
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- Irina Falkenberg, MD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Stefania Benetti, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Marie Raffin, MD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Phillipe Wuyts, MD, EDHEC Business School, Nice, France; William Pettersson-Yeo, PhD, Paola Dazzan, MBChB, MSc, MRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Kevin D. Morgan, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK; Robin M. Murray, MBChB, MPhil, FRCPsych, Tiago Reis Marques, PhD, Anthony S. David, FRCP, FRCPsych, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Jozef Jarosz, MD, Department of Neuroimaging, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Andrew Simmons, PhD, Steve Williams, Professor, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Philip McGuire, Professor, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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