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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, de Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst K, Knutsen HK, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Fairweather‐Tait S, Vrolijk M, Fabiani L, Titz A, Naska A. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin B6. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08006. [PMID: 37207271 PMCID: PMC10189633 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin B6. Systematic reviews of the literature were conducted by a contractor. The relationship between excess vitamin B6 intakes and the development of peripheral neuropathy is well established and is the critical effect on which the UL is based. A lowest-observed-effect-level (LOAEL) could not be established based on human data. A reference point (RP) of 50 mg/day is identified by the Panel from a case-control study, supported by data from case reports and vigilance data. An uncertainty factor (UF) of 4 is applied to the RP to account for the inverse relationship between dose and time to onset of symptoms and the limited data available. The latter covers uncertainties as to the level of intake that would represent a LOAEL. This leads to a UL of 12.5 mg/day. From a subchronic study in Beagle dogs, a LOAEL of 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day can be identified. Using an UF of 300, and a default bw of 70 kg, a UL of 11.7 mg/day can be calculated. From the midpoint of the range of these two ULs and rounding down, a UL of 12 mg/day is established by the Panel for vitamin B6 for adults (including pregnant and lactating women). ULs for infants and children are derived from the UL for adults using allometric scaling: 2.2-2.5 mg/day (4-11 months), 3.2-4.5 mg/day (1-6 years), 6.1-10.7 mg/day (7-17 years). Based on available intake data, EU populations are unlikely to exceed ULs, except for regular users of food supplements containing high doses of vitamin B6.
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Heynen JP, McHugh RR, Boora NS, Simcock G, Kildea S, Austin MP, Laplante DP, King S, Montina T, Metz GAS. Urinary 1H NMR Metabolomic Analysis of Prenatal Maternal Stress Due to a Natural Disaster Reveals Metabolic Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases: The QF2011 Queensland Flood Study. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040579. [PMID: 37110237 PMCID: PMC10145263 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal stress alters fetal programming, potentially predisposing the ensuing offspring to long-term adverse health outcomes. To gain insight into environmental influences on fetal development, this QF2011 study evaluated the urinary metabolomes of 4-year-old children (n = 89) who were exposed to the 2011 Queensland flood in utero. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze urinary metabolic fingerprints based on maternal levels of objective hardship and subjective distress resulting from the natural disaster. In both males and females, differences were observed between high and low levels of maternal objective hardship and maternal subjective distress groups. Greater prenatal stress exposure was associated with alterations in metabolites associated with protein synthesis, energy metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. These alterations suggest profound changes in oxidative and antioxidative pathways that may indicate a higher risk for chronic non-communicable diseases such obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes, as well as mental illnesses, including depression and schizophrenia. Thus, prenatal stress-associated metabolic biomarkers may provide early predictors of lifetime health trajectories, and potentially serve as prognostic markers for therapeutic strategies in mitigating adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Heynen
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Rebecca R McHugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Naveenjyote S Boora
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Simcock
- Midwifery Research Unit, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sue Kildea
- Midwifery Research Unit, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Alice Springs, NT 0870, Australia
| | - Marie-Paule Austin
- Perinatal and Woman's Health Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David P Laplante
- Centre for Child Development and Mental Health, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 4335 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1E4, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Tony Montina
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Gerlinde A S Metz
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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Wei Y, Qi M, Liu C, Li L. Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating gut microbiota. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 944:175594. [PMID: 36804541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a naturally-occurring compound derived from Astragalus membranaceus with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its beneficial effects and mechanisms on pulmonary fibrosis are unknown. Gut microbiota impact lung diseases via the gut-lung axis. Herein, we investigated APS progression to intervene in pulmonary fibrosis via the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling pathway and gut microbiota homeostasis regulation. METHODS We used bleomycin (BLM) to construct an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) mouse model and assessed the pathology with Masson, hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and Sirius red staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were employed to evaluate the inflammatory cytokine levels. Western blot evaluated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway expression. TUNEL staining to detect apoptosis. Mice feces samples were gathered for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Our findings revealed that APS ameliorated the extent of damage and collagen deposition in lung tissues, reduced inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels, and decreased apoptosis. APS might attenuate the inflammatory response through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition. Meanwhile, the IPF mice model exhibited dysregulation of gut microbiota, and these changes were restored after APS intervention. APS may increase the proportion of probiotics, decrease that of harmful bacteria, and balance the gut microbiota via regulating metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION APS ameliorated lung tissue injury in the IPF mice model, inhibited TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, suppressed inflammatory cytokines activation, and reduced apoptosis. Moreover, APS regulated the metabolism of gut microbiota besides beneficial bacteria content elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Department of Primary Healthcare, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266014, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266014, China.
| | - Lujia Li
- Department of Health Care, People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Cheng X, Hu Y, Ruan Z, Zang G, Chen X, Qiu Z. Association between B-vitamins intake and frailty among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:793-801. [PMID: 36719551 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gain insight into the impact of B vitamins, including vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, total folate, and vitamin B12 on the risk of frailty in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS This study was an American population-based cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 1201 COPD patients were included in the analysis. Of these, the intake of B vitamins was determined by the two 24-h recall interviews. We followed the method constructed by Hakeem et al. to calculate the frailty index (FI), which is used as a reliable tool to assess the debilitating status of patients with COPD. Missing data were imputed by the MissForest method based on random forests. Multivariate logistic regression model and inverse probability weighted based on propensity scores were used to correct for confoundings. RESULTS Logistic regression models showed that vitamin B6 intake was negatively correlated with frailty risk in COPD patients, while other B vitamins including B1, B2, niacin (vitamin B3), total folic acid and vitamin B12 were not. After adjusting for covariates, the association between vitamin B6 and frailty risk (adjusted OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.66-0.95, P = 0.013) remained significant. At the same time, sensitivity analysis proves the robustness of the results. CONCLUSION COPD patients with lower vitamin B6 intake have a higher risk of frailty. However, intake of vitamin B1, B2, niacin, total folic acid, and vitamin B12 was not associated with frailty risk in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Cheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhishen Ruan
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guodong Zang
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xianhai Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lixia District, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhanjun Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lixia District, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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Mciteka LP. A Synthesis Review of Vitamins Involved in the Fight against Covid‐19. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202200032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lulama P. Mciteka
- University of the Western Cape Department of Chemistry Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535 Cape Town South Africa
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Hou Y, Ding T, Guan Z, Wang J, Yao R, Yu Z, Zhao X. Untargeted metabolomics reveals the preventive effect of quercetin on nephrotoxicity induced by four organophosphorus pesticide mixtures. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113747. [PMID: 36997054 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to explore the protective effect of quercetin against nephrotoxicity induced by four organophosphate pesticide mixtures (PM) using untargeted metabolomics technology in rat kidneys. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, low-dose quercetin treated (10 mg/kg. bw), high-dose quercetin treated (50 mg/kg. bw), PM-treated, and two dosages of quercetin + PM-treated. Metabolomics results showed that 17 differential metabolites were identified in the PM-treated group, and pathway analysis revealed that renal metabolic disorders include purine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and vitamin B6 metabolism. When high-dose quercetin and PM-treated were administered to rats concurrently, the intensities of differential metabolites were substantially restored (p < 0.01), suggesting that quercetin can improve renal metabolic disorders caused by organophosphate pesticides (OPs). Mechanistically, quercetin could regulate the purine metabolism disorder and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-mediated autophagy induced by OPs by inhibiting XOD activity. Moreover, quercetin inhibits PLA2 activity to regulate glycerophospholipid metabolism and it could also exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to correct vitamin B6 metabolism in rat kidneys. Taken together, the high dose of quercetin (50 mg/kg.bw) has a certain protective effect on OPs-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, which provides a theoretical basis for quercetin against nephrotoxicity caused by OPs.
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A Vegetarian Diet Significantly Changes Plasma Kynurenine Concentrations. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020391. [PMID: 36830760 PMCID: PMC9953657 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid and a precursor of a number of physiologically important metabolites, including serotonin, melatonin, tryptamine, and kynurenines. We assessed tryptophan, kynurenines, and vitamin B2 and B6, as well as biomarkers of liver function and inflammation, in a group of 158 female omnivores and vegetarians aged 18-40 years. The majority of women were omnivores, and 22% were vegetarians. Vegetarians had 25% lower serum ALT, significantly higher pyridoxal concentrations, and significantly lower plasma concentrations of most kynurenines, varying from 8% lower concentrations of median plasma kynurenine to 42% lower concentrations of plasma xanthurenic acid, compared to omnivores. No significant differences were observed in vitamin B2 status or in inflammation markers, C-reactive protein and neopterin between the groups. Vegetarians had lower levels of several plasma kynurenines compared to omnivores. The reason for this is unknown; however, lower ALT concentrations, suggesting a better liver status, and a more favourable vitamin B6 status might be contributing factors.
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Zagubnaya OA, Nartsissov YR. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THERAPEUTIC ACTION OF VITAMIN B6. PHARMACY & PHARMACOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.19163/2307-9266-2022-10-6-500-514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the molecular mechanisms that determine the possibility of using vitamin B6 in clinical practice for the correction of various pathological conditions.Materials and methods. Information retrieval (Scopus, PubMed) and library (eLibrary) databases were used as research tools. In some cases, the ResearchGate application was used for a semantic search. The analysis and generalization of the scientific literature on the topic of research, covering the period from 1989 to the present, has been carried out in the work.Results. It has been shown that all chemical forms of vitamin B6 are able to penetrate the membranes of most cells by free diffusion, while forming phosphorylated forms inside. Pyridoxal phosphate is a biologically important metabolite that is directly involved as a cofactor in a variety of intracellular reactions. Requirements for this cofactor depend on the age, sex and condition of the patient. Pregnancy and lactation play a special role in the consumption of vitamin B6. In most cases, a balanced diet will provide an acceptable level of this vitamin. At the same time, its deficiency leads to the development of a number of pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, inflammations and diabetes. Negative manifestations from the central nervous system are also possible with an excessive consumption of B6.Conclusion. Replenishment of the vitamin B6 level in case of its identified deficiency is a necessary condition for the successful treatment of the central nervous system diseases, diabetes and correction of patients’ immune status. At the same time, it is necessary to observe a balanced intake of this cofactor in order to avoid negative effects on metabolism in case of its excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. A. Zagubnaya
- Institute of Cytochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology;
Biomedical Research Group, BiDiPharma GmbH
| | - Y. R. Nartsissov
- Institute of Cytochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology;
Biomedical Research Group, BiDiPharma GmbH
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Ta N, A. L, E. E, Qi R, Mu X, Feng L, Ba G, Li Y, Zhang J, Bai L, Fu M. Metabolomics analysis reveals amelioration effects of yellowhorn tea extract on hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1087256. [PMID: 36742424 PMCID: PMC9894254 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1087256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Yellowhorn tea (YT) is traditionally used as a lipid-lowering beverage in Mongolian minorities. However, the pharmacological effects of YT extract and its specific metabolic changes in hyperlipidemia models are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers using untargeted metabolomics techniques and to investigate the mechanisms underlying the changes in metabolic pathways associated with lipid lowering, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant in hyperlipidemic mice. A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic mouse model was established. YT extract was administered as oral gavage at 0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 g/kg doses for 10 weeks. HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and the therapeutic effect of YT extract were evaluated based on histopathology and by assessing blood lipid levels. Liver inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indices were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Liver metabolites were evaluated using untargeted metabolomics. Biochemical and histological examinations showed that YT extract significantly reduced body-weight gain (p < 0.01) and fat deposition in tissues. YT extract significantly reduced the levels of serum and liver triglyceride and total cholesterol; inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α]; malondialdehyde; and leptin (p < 0.05) in hyperlipidemic mice. YT extract also significantly increased the levels of oxidative stress indicators (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and adiponectin. Metabolomics studies revealed several endogenous molecules were altered by the high-fat diet and recovery following intervention with YT extract. The metabolites that were significantly different in the liver after YT intake included citicoline, acetylcholine, pyridoxine, and NAD. Pathway analysis indicated that YT extract ameliorated HFD-induced hyperlipidemia in mice via three major metabolic pathways, namely, glycerophospholipid metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. This study demonstrates YT extract has profound effects on the alleviation of HFD-induced hyperlipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ta
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Lisha A.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Erdunduleng E.
- Department of Mongolian Medicine Preparation, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Rigeer Qi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Xiyele Mu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Lan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Genna Ba
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Laxinamujila Bai
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China,*Correspondence: Laxinamujila Bai,
| | - Minghai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China,Minghai Fu,
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Association between Vitamin B and Obesity in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030483. [PMID: 36771189 PMCID: PMC9921635 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have found that obese people have lower levels of vitamin B, but most have focused on obesity as defined by body mass index (BMI), and its relationship with other types of obesity is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between vitamin B levels and obesity assessed by different definitions among Chinese middle-aged and older community-dwelling adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 887 participants aged 45 years and older (45-82 years). The concentrations of vitamin B (B1, B2, B6, and B9) were measured by robotic dry blood spot extraction systems in combination with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. BMI, body fat percentage (BF%), visceral fat area (VFA), and waist circumference (WC) were used to diagnose obesity. VFA and BF% were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The logistic regression model was used to assess the associations between vitamin B levels and the odds of obesity. RESULTS The average age of all participants was 60.77 (SD 6.33) years. The prevalence of obesity varied from 8.6% to 52.4% depending on different diagnostic criteria. After adjusting for covariates, a negative correlation was observed between vitamin B1 level and obesity according to the criteria of WC, VFA, and BF%, and the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 0.47, 0.52, and 0.46, respectively. When using WC and BF% to define obesity, higher quartiles of vitamin B2 were negatively associated with the odds of obesity (OR: 0.62 and 0.62, respectively). Vitamin B6 was inversely associated with VFA-defined and BF%-defined obesity (OR: 0.64 and 0.64, respectively). When using VFA and BF% to define obesity, a negative correlation was observed in vitamin B9 (OR: 0.61 and 0.67, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin B (B1, B2, B6, and B9) level was negatively related to obesity (defined by WC, VFA, or BF%) in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.
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Relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index Score and Cytokine Levels in Chinese Pregnant Women during the Second and Third Trimesters. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010194. [PMID: 36615851 PMCID: PMC9824482 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of dietary inflammatory potential on serum cytokine concentrations in second and third trimesters of Chinese pregnant women is not clear. A total of 175 pregnant women from the Tianjin Maternal and Child Health Education and Service Cohort (TMCHESC) were included. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) was calculated based on 24-h food records. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in the second and third trimesters were measured. The mean DII scores (mean ± SD) were -0.07 ± 1.65 and 0.06 ± 1.65 in the second and third trimesters, respectively. In the third trimester, IL-1β (p = 0.039) and MCP-1 (p = 0.035) levels decreased and then increased with increasing DII scores. IL-10 concentrations decreased in pregnant women whose DII scores increased between the second and third trimesters (p = 0.011). Thiamin and vitamin C were negatively correlated with MCP-1 (β = -0.879, and β = -0.003) and IL-6 (β = -0.602, and β = -0.002) levels in the third trimester. In conclusion, the DII score had a U-shaped association with cytokine levels during the third trimester. Changes in DII scores between the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were correlated with cytokine levels during the third trimester.
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Vitamins, microelements and the immune system: current standpoint in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:2131-2146. [PMID: 35057876 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease associated with severe systemic inflammation. The optimal status of vitamins and microelements is considered crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system and necessary for successful recovery. Most patients with respiratory distress in COVID-19 are vitamin and microelement deficient, with vitamin D and Se deficiency being the most common. Anyway, various micronutrient supplements are widely and arbitrarily used for prevention or in the treatment of COVID-19. We aimed to summarise current knowledge about molecular and physiological mechanisms of vitamins (D, A, C, B6, B9 and B12) and microelements (Se, Zn, Cu and Fe) involved in the immune system regulation in consideration with COVID-19 pathogenesis, as well as recent findings related to their usage and effects in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. In the early course of the pandemic, several, mainly observational, studies reported an association of some micronutrients, such as vitamin C, D and Zn, with severity reduction and survival improvement. Still, emerging randomised controlled trials showed no effect of vitamin D on hospitalisation length and no effect of vitamin C and Zn on symptom reduction. Up to date, there is evidence neither for nor against the use of micronutrients in the treatment of COVID-19. The doses that exceed the recommended for the general population and age group should not be used, except in clinical trials. Benefits of supplementation are primarily expected in populations prone to micronutrient deficiencies, who are, as well, at a higher risk of worse outcomes in COVID-19.
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Wan Z, Zheng J, Zhu Z, Sang L, Zhu J, Luo S, Zhao Y, Wang R, Zhang Y, Hao K, Chen L, Du J, Kan J, He H. Intermediate role of gut microbiota in vitamin B nutrition and its influences on human health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1031502. [PMID: 36583209 PMCID: PMC9792504 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1031502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B consists of a group of water-soluble micronutrients that are mainly derived from the daily diet. They serve as cofactors, mediating multiple metabolic pathways in humans. As an integrated part of human health, gut microbiota could produce, consume, and even compete for vitamin B with the host. The interplay between gut microbiota and the host might be a crucial factor affecting the absorbing processes of vitamin B. On the other hand, vitamin B supplementation or deficiency might impact the growth of specific bacteria, resulting in changes in the composition and function of gut microbiota. Together, the interplay between vitamin B and gut microbiota might systemically contribute to human health. In this review, we summarized the interactions between vitamin B and gut microbiota and tried to reveal the underlying mechanism so that we can have a better understanding of its role in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wan
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Lan Sang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinwei Zhu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizheng Luo
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yicui Zhang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Hao
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua He
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Banihani SA, Aljabali SM. Men with oligozoospermia had lower level of seminal plasma pyridoxine compared to normozoospermic men. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11983. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Konanur Srinivasa NK, Gande A, Anusha M, Dar H. Nutrition Care in Cancer Surgery Patients: A Narrative Review of Nutritional Screening and Assessment Methods and Nutritional Considerations. Cureus 2022; 14:e33094. [PMID: 36721576 PMCID: PMC9884126 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignancy is a catabolic state, which is precipitated with surgical intervention. Malnutrition is one of the main risk factors for poor outcomes of cancer surgery. We need to screen oncological patients for malnutrition using standardized screening tools, by which patients found to be at nutritional risk are then referred to a registered dietitian for further management. A detailed assessment is required in such patients, which helps in categorizing the patients based on the severity and rendering proper care. Preoperative nutrition care is often overlooked because of the urgency of operating on a cancer patient. Still, studies have shown preoperative nutritional building gives better surgical outcomes and good postoperative quality of life. Preoperative nutrition care includes both early and late preoperative care. For efficient preoperative nutrition care publishing, standard operating procedures at every healthcare center are recommended. Postoperative nutrition care is given to build the patient tackle the surgical trauma, and their diet mainly includes protein to minimize catabolism. Regardless of the route of nutrition delivery, providing appropriate nutrition care in the postoperative period improves cancer patients' condition drastically. Early postoperative nutrition is studied in different cancer surgeries and is considered ideal in cancer surgical patients. There is a need for consensus on the composition of postoperative nutrition. The diet of a cancer patient should include micronutrients like vitamins D and B and minerals along with the usual nutrition care. The use of special diets like branched-chain amino acids and immune nutrition is to be considered on a case-by-case basis and introducing them into the routine care of a patient needs to be studied extensively.
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Aarsland TIM, Instanes JT, Posserud MBR, Ulvik A, Kessler U, Haavik J. Changes in Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolism in Patients with Depression Undergoing ECT-A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1439. [PMID: 36422569 PMCID: PMC9694349 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism generates multiple biologically active metabolites (kynurenines) that have been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. It has been suggested that modulation of kynurenine metabolism could be involved in the therapeutic effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We performed a systematic review with aims of summarizing changes in Trp and/or kynurenines after ECT and assessing methodological issues. The inclusion criterium was measures of Trp and/or kynurenines before and after ECT. Animal studies and studies using Trp administration or Trp depletion were excluded. Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo and PubMed were searched, most recently in July 2022. Outcomes were levels of Trp, kynurenines and ratios before and after ECT. Data on factors affecting Trp metabolism and ECT were collected for interpretation and discussion of the reported changes. We included 17 studies with repeated measures for a total of 386 patients and 27 controls. Synthesis using vote counting based on the direction of effect found no evidence of effect of ECT on any outcome variable. There were considerable variations in design, patient characteristics and reported items. We suggest that future studies should include larger samples, assess important covariates and determine between- and within-subject variability. PROSPERO (CRD42020187003).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maj-Britt Rocio Posserud
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Arve Ulvik
- Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ute Kessler
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin B6 is essential for life and plays a critical role in many biochemical and physiological processes in the human body. The term B6 collectively refers to 6 water-soluble vitamers, and only the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) serves as the biologically active form. A plasma PLP concentration above 30 nmol/L (7.4 μg/L) is indicative of an adequate vitamin B6 status for all age and sex groups. The currently recommended daily allowance of B6 (1.5-2 mg/d) from dietary sources frequently results in inadequate B6 status (<20 nmol/L or 5 μg/L) in many elderly patients and patients with comorbid conditions. PLP-based supplements are preferred and should be administered weekly in low doses (50-100 mg) to maintain a stable serum PLP level between 30 and 60 nmol/L or 7.4 and 15 μg/L. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY It is challenging for physicians to prescribe a safe dose of B6 supplements because of the narrow therapeutic index. The association between elevated levels of pyridoxine and neuropathy is not well established. PLP-based supplements are shown to be least neurotoxic, but further clinical trials are needed to establish the long-term safety in high doses. DATA SOURCES PubMed search of randomized control trials and meta-analyses. THERAPEUTIC OPINION Plasma B6 levels should be ordered as a part of workup of any unexplained anemia before labeling as "anemia of chronic disease." B6 supplementation is also crucial in the management of chronic Mg deficiency resistant to therapy. When B6 is administered daily in supraphysiologic doses, there is a potential for the development of neurotoxicity (typically at levels >100 nmol/L or 25 μg/L). PLP-based supplements are preferred over pyridoxine supplements because of minimal neurotoxicity observed in neuronal cell viability tests. Since B6 metabolites have a long half-life, weekly administration is preferred over daily use to prevent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Reddy
- Division of General Internal Medicine, UF Health Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL
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Jarrett H, McNulty H, Hughes CF, Pentieva K, Strain JJ, McCann A, McAnena L, Cunningham C, Molloy AM, Flynn A, Hopkins SM, Horigan G, O'Connor C, Walton J, McNulty BA, Gibney MJ, Lamers Y, Ward M. Vitamin B-6 and riboflavin, their metabolic interaction, and relationship with MTHFR genotype in adults aged 18-102 years. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1767-1778. [PMID: 36264281 PMCID: PMC9761749 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The generation of the active form of vitamin B-6, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), in tissues is dependent upon riboflavin as flavin mononucleotide, but whether this interaction is important for maintaining vitamin B-6 status is unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate vitamin B-6 and riboflavin status, their metabolic interaction, and relationship with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype in adulthood. METHODS Data from 5612 adults aged 18-102 y were drawn from the Irish National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS; population-based sample) and the Trinity-Ulster Department of Agriculture (TUDA) and Genovit cohorts (volunteer samples). Plasma PLP and erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac), as a functional indicator of riboflavin, were determined. RESULTS Older (≥65 y) compared with younger (<65 y) adults had significantly lower PLP concentrations (P < 0.001). A stepwise decrease in plasma PLP was observed across riboflavin categories, from optimal (EGRac ≤1.26), to suboptimal (EGRac: 1.27-1.39), to deficient (EGRac ≥1.40) status, an effect most pronounced in older adults (mean ± SEM: 76.4 ± 0.9 vs 65.0 ± 1.1 vs 55.4 ± 1.2 nmol/L; P < 0.001). In individuals with the variant MTHFR 677TT genotype combined with riboflavin deficiency, compared with non-TT (CC/CT) genotype participants with sufficient riboflavin, we observed PLP concentrations of 52.1 ± 2.9 compared with 76.8 ±0.7 nmol/L (P < 0.001). In participants with available dietary data (i.e., NANS cohort, n = 936), PLP was associated with vitamin B-6 intake (nonstandardized regression coefficient β: 2.49; 95% CI 1.75, 3.24; P < 0.001), supplement use (β: 81.72; 95% CI: 66.01, 97.43; P < 0.001), fortified food (β: 12.49; 95% CI: 2.08, 22.91; P = 0.019), and EGRac (β: -65.81; 95% CI: -99.08, -32.54; P < 0.001), along with BMI (β: -1.81; 95% CI: -3.31, -0.30; P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the known metabolic dependency of PLP on flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and suggest that riboflavin may be the limiting nutrient for maintaining vitamin B-6 status, particularly in individuals with the MTHFR 677TT genotype. Randomized trials are necessary to investigate the PLP response to riboflavin intervention within the dietary range. The TUDA study and the NANS are registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02664584 (27 January 2016) and NCT03374748 (15 December 2017), respectively.Clinical Trial Registry details: Trinity-Ulster-Department of Agriculture (TUDA) study, ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT02664584 (January 27th 2016); National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS), ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT03374748 (December 15th 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Jarrett
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | | | - Catherine F Hughes
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina Pentieva
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian McCann
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Liadhan McAnena
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Albert Flynn
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sinead M Hopkins
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Horigan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Ciara O'Connor
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Janette Walton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland
| | - Breige A McNulty
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael J Gibney
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yvonne Lamers
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
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Treatment of refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder with nutraceuticals (TRON): a 20-week, open label pilot study. CNS Spectr 2022; 27:588-597. [PMID: 34165060 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852921000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is often challenging to treat and resistant to psychological interventions and prescribed medications. The adjunctive use of nutraceuticals with potential neuromodulatory effects on underpinning pathways such as the glutamatergic and serotonergic systems is one novel approach. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness and safety of a purpose-formulated combination of nutraceuticals in treating OCD: N-acetyl cysteine, L-theanine, zinc, magnesium, pyridoxal-5' phosphate, and selenium. METHODS A 20-week open label proof-of-concept study was undertaken involving 28 participants with treatment-resistant DSM-5-diagnosed OCD, during 2017 to 2020. The primary outcome measure was the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), administered every 4 weeks. RESULTS An intention-to-treat analysis revealed an estimated mean reduction across time (baseline to week-20) on the YBOCS total score of -7.13 (95% confidence interval = -9.24, -5.01), with a mean reduction of -1.21 points per post-baseline visit (P ≤ .001). At 20-weeks, 23% of the participants were considered "responders" (YBOCS ≥35% reduction and "very much" or "much improved" on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale). Statistically significant improvements were also revealed on all secondary outcomes (eg, mood, anxiety, and quality of life). Notably, treatment response on OCD outcome scales (eg, YBOCS) was greatest in those with lower baseline symptom levels, while response was limited in those with relatively more severe OCD. CONCLUSIONS While this pilot study lacks placebo-control, the significant time effect in this treatment-resistant OCD population is encouraging and suggests potential utility especially for those with lower symptom levels. Our findings need to be confirmed or refuted via a follow-up placebo-controlled study.
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Zhang D, Li Y, Lang X, Zhang Y. Associations of Serum Vitamin B6 Status and Catabolism With All-Cause Mortality in Patients With T2DM. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2822-2832. [PMID: 35907182 PMCID: PMC9516105 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT There is little evidence regarding the association between serum vitamin B6 status and catabolism and all-cause mortality in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE We aimed to ascertain if the serum level of vitamin B6 and catabolism, including pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA), were associated with risk of all-cause mortality in T2DM patients. METHODS This prospective cohort study involved 2574 patients with T2DM who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2010. The serum concentrations of PLP and 4-PA were used to assess the serum level of vitamin B6. Mortality status was determined by routine follow-up using the National Death Index through December 31, 2015. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 85 months, there were 588 deaths. The fully adjusted Cox model indicated that the highest serum PLP concentrations (> 63.6 nmol/L) were associated with a decrease in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55-0.99, P trend = .035). The risk for all-cause mortality was 59% higher for participants with the highest quartile of 4-PA level compared with the lowest quartile (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.12-2.35; P trend = .003). The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of PLP and 4-PA levels for the prediction of all-cause mortality were 59.5% and 60.9%, respectively (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.632). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival for patients based on different combinations of PLP level and 4-PA level. Patients with PLP less than 24.3 nmol/L and 4-PA greater than or equal to 25.4 nmol/L had the worst outcomes (log-rank P < .001). CONCLUSION Overall, our data suggest that a low serum level of PLP and high serum level of 4-PA, which represent the serum level of vitamin B6, increases the risk of all-cause mortality significantly in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xueyan Lang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Nangang, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Nangang, 150001, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Correspondence: Yao Zhang, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 194 Xuefu Rd, Harbin, Nangang, 150001, China.
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Fan Z, Jia W, Du A, Shi L. Pseudo-targeted metabolomics analysis of the therapeutic effect of phenolics-rich extract from Se-enriched green tea (Camellia sinensis) on LPS-stimulated murine macrophage (RAW264.7). Food Res Int 2022; 159:111666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ge L, Luo J, Zhang L, Kang X, Zhang D. Association of Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate with Sleep-Related Problems in a General Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173516. [PMID: 36079774 PMCID: PMC9460331 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The evidence on the relationship of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) with sleep-related problems is limited and controversial. Notably, there is a lack of studies on the general population and studies of the dose–response relationship. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the associations between serum PLP concentration and sleep-related problems (sleep quality and sleep duration) in adults, using the data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2010. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to test PLP in blood samples. Sleep quality and sleep duration were based on self-reported data, with sleep quality categorized as sleep disorder, trouble falling asleep, waking up during the night, and daytime sleepiness. The primary analyses utilized logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline. Compared with the first quartile (Q1), the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of daytime sleepiness for the Q2 and Q3 of serum PLP concentrations were 0.76 (0.59–0.99) and 0.78 (0.62–0.98), respectively. The relationship was only significant for males. Furthermore, a non-linear dose–response relationship was observed between serum PLP concentration and the risk of daytime sleepiness. Compared with the normal sleep duration group, serum PLP concentrations were negatively associated with the risks of very short, short, and long sleep duration, with relative risk ratios (RRRs) of 0.58 (0.43–0.81) (Q4), 0.71 (0.61–0.83) (Q4) and 0.62 (0.34–0.94) (Q3), respectively. The average serum PLP concentrations were higher in people with normal sleep duration, suggesting a non-linear dose–response relationship. Our study indicated that serum PLP concentrations were negatively associated with daytime sleepiness, and this association may only exist in males. Moreover, it was also inversely related to abnormal sleep duration (very short, short, long) compared to normal sleep duration.
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Explore the Therapeutic Composition and Mechanism of Schisandra chinensis-Acorus tatarinowii Schott on Alzheimer’s Disease by Using an Integrated Approach on Chemical Profile, Network Pharmacology, and UPLC-QTOF/MS-Based Metabolomics Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6362617. [PMID: 35860432 PMCID: PMC9293517 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6362617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Alzheimer’s disease places a heavy economic burden to healthcare systems around the world. However, the effective treatments are still lacking. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) of Schisandra chinensis and Acorus tatarinowii Schott have the pharmacological effects of sedation and neuroprotection and have been clinically proven to be effective in the treatment of AD. However, their main anti-Alzheimer’s compounds and functional mechanisms remain unclear. Purpose. To elucidate the main therapeutic components and possible mechanisms of Sc-At in AD using a comprehensive strategy combining metabolomics and network pharmacology. Methods. First, the UPLC-QTOF/MS method was used to identify the main chemical constituents of Schisandra chinensis and Acorus tatarinowii Schott alcohol extracts in vitro and in vivo. Secondly, the theoretical active ingredients, targets, and pathways of Sc-At for AD treatment were predicted by network pharmacology methods. Finally, plasma metabolomics were detected by UPLC-QTOF/MS to analyze the differential metabolites and metabolic pathways related to Sc-At. Based on the analyses above, the anti-AD mechanism of Sc-At was explored. Results. A total of 95 chemical components were identified in Sc-At extracts in vitro, and 34 prototype drug components were detected in rat plasma; network pharmacology screening identified 14 drug components in line with the principle of Lipinski, of which 10 were present for in vitro drug composition analysis. For these 10 components, 58 AD disease targets were predicted, and 85 AD-related KEGG signaling pathways were enriched. Six core biomarkers of Sc-At (cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid, prostaglandin H2, sphingosine 1-phosphate, enol-phenylpyruvate, 3-methoxytyrosine, and pristanoyl-CoA) were regulated to a normal state during the treatment of AD. Conclusion. The mechanism of Sc-At for the treatment of AD can be achieved by the effect of the 10 compounds of Sc-At on TNF, MAPK8, MAPK14, PTGS1, and other targets, thereby affecting arachidonic acid metabolism, neurotransmitters, and sphingolipid metabolism.
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Associations of plasma carnitine, lysine, trimethyllysine and glycine with incident ischemic stroke: Findings from a nested case-control study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1889-1895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Mucormycosis, a post-COVID infection: possible adjunctive herbal therapeutics for the realigning of impaired immune-metabolism in diabetic subjects. HERBA POLONICA 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2022-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Cytokine storm is believed as a major root cause for multi-organ failure and death in severely infected diabetic patients with COVID-19. This condition is treated with anti-inflammatory drugs, mainly steroids, to recover people from critical conditions. However, steroid therapy causes immune suppression and uncontrolled hyper-glycaemia in post-COVID. This altered immune-metabolism provides a fertile environment for the infection of a black fungus, Rhizopus arrhizus which causes mucormycosis in diabetic patients. It is a life-threatening infection causing death in different countries. It is treated either with anti-fungal drugs, surgical debridement, or adjunctive therapies. The available therapies for mucormycosis have been associated with several drawbacks. Thus, the present review has explored and suggested herbs-spices based adjunctive therapy for possible realignment of the impaired immune system in the post-COVID diabetic subjects. The consumption of herbal therapeutics after COVID-19 could realign the impaired immune-metabolism in the post-COVID and thereby exert prophylactic effects against mucormycosis. Furthermore, the suggested herbal sources could help in the discovery of novel therapeutics against the COVID-19 associated mucormycosis.
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Parâmetros hematológicos de crianças desnutridas após intervenção nutricional: ensaio clínico randomizado. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao0010345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kinash MI, Boyarchuk OR. Pyridoxine, folate, and cobalamin and the condition of the innate and acquired immunity. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj94.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Schorgg P, Karavasiloglou N, Beyer A, Cantwell M, Danquah I, Gojda J, Rohrmann S, Cassidy A, Bärnighausen T, Cahova M, Kühn T. Increased vitamin B6 turnover is associated with greater mortality risk in the general US population: A prospective biomarker study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1343-1356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jia R, Hou Y, Feng W, Li B, Zhu J. Alterations at biochemical, proteomic and transcriptomic levels in liver of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under chronic exposure to environmentally relevant level of glyphosate. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133818. [PMID: 35114268 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of glyphosate (Gly) on aquatic animals has received attention from many researchers. However, the chronic toxicity mechanism of Gly on fish has not yet been clarified entirely. Thus, this study aimed to explore the potential toxicity mechanism of Gly at 2 mg/L, a possibly existing concentration in the aquatic environment, via biochemical, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses in the liver of tilapia. Long-term Gly exposure increased lipid content, and altered redox status in liver. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Gly exposure changed dramatically the expression of 225 genes in liver, including 94 up-regulated genes and 131 down-regulated genes. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analyses showed that these genes were predominantly enriched in ion transport, lipid metabolism and PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) signaling pathway. Meanwhile, at proteomic level, long-term Gly exposure resulted in alteration of 21 proteins, which were principally related to hepatic metabolism function. In conclusion, our data displayed a potential toxicity, mainly manifested as redox imbalance and dysregulation of metabolism function, in the liver of tilapia after long-term Gly exposure at 2 mg/L. This study provided novel insight into underlying toxicity mechanism of long-term Gly exposure at an environmentally relevant concentration in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yiran Hou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Wenrong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Piazza M, Di Cicco M, Pecoraro L, Ghezzi M, Peroni D, Comberiati P. Long COVID-19 in Children: From the Pathogenesis to the Biologically Plausible Roots of the Syndrome. Biomolecules 2022; 12:556. [PMID: 35454144 PMCID: PMC9024951 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Long Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) refers to the persistence of symptoms related to the infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This condition is described as persistent and can manifest in various combinations of signs and symptoms, such as fatigue, headache, dyspnea, depression, cognitive impairment, and altered perception of smells and tastes. Long COVID-19 may be due to long-term damage to different organs-such as lung, brain, kidney, and heart-caused by persisting viral-induced inflammation, immune dysregulation, autoimmunity, diffuse endothelial damage, and micro thrombosis. In this review, we discuss the potential and biologically plausible role of some vitamins, essential elements, and functional foods based on the hypothesis that an individual's dietary status may play an important adjunctive role in protective immunity against COVID-19 and possibly against its long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Piazza
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Maria Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Luca Pecoraro
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Michele Ghezzi
- Allergology and Pneumology Unit, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy;
| | - Diego Peroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.C.); (P.C.)
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Dugué PA, Hodge AM, Ulvik A, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Rinaldi S, MacInnis RJ, Li SX, Meyer K, Navionis AS, Flicker L, Severi G, English DR, Vineis P, Tell GS, Southey MC, Milne RL, Giles GG. Association of Markers of Inflammation, the Kynurenine Pathway and B Vitamins with Age and Mortality, and a Signature of Inflammaging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:826-836. [PMID: 34117761 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a key feature of aging. We aimed to (i) investigate the association of 34 blood markers potentially involved in inflammatory processes with age and mortality and (ii) develop a signature of "inflammaging." METHODS Thirty-four blood markers relating to inflammation, B vitamin status, and the kynurenine pathway were measured in 976 participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study at baseline (median age = 59 years) and follow-up (median age = 70 years). Associations with age and mortality were assessed using linear and Cox regression, respectively. A parsimonious signature of inflammaging was developed and its association with mortality was compared with 2 marker scores calculated across all markers associated with age and mortality, respectively. RESULTS The majority of markers (30/34) were associated with age, with stronger associations observed for neopterin, cystatin C, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), several markers of the kynurenine pathway and derived indices KTR (kynurenine/tryptophan ratio), PAr index (ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid and the sum of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and pyridoxal), and HK:XA (3-hydroxykynurenine/xanthurenic acid ratio). Many markers (17/34) showed an association with mortality, in particular IL-6, neopterin, C-reactive protein, quinolinic acid, PAr index, and KTR. The inflammaging signature included 10 markers and was strongly associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR] per SD = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.24-1.57, p = 2 × 10-8), similar to scores based on all age-associated (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23-1.55, p = 4 × 10-8) and mortality-associated markers (HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.28-1.60, p = 1 × 10-10), respectively. Strong evidence of replication of the inflammaging signature association with mortality was found in the Hordaland Health Study. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the key role of the kynurenine pathway and vitamin B6 catabolism in aging, along with other well-established inflammation-related markers. A signature of inflammaging based on 10 markers was strongly associated with mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sherly X Li
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Navionis
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Leon Flicker
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- WA Centre for Health and Ageing of the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre for Research into Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Faculté de Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Dallas R English
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Li ZB, Shi LY, Han YS, Chen J, Zhang SQ, Chen JX, Liu J, Tu HH, Lu QQ, Yu Y, Jiang TT, Li JC. Pyridoxal phosphate, pyridoxamine phosphate, and folic acid based on ceRNA regulatory network as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 99:105240. [PMID: 35150890 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease burden worldwide, and its effective early diagnosis is still facing challenges. Knowledge, acquired from multi-omics integration analysis about the association between different types of differentially expressed molecules in the plasma of TB patients and the disease traits, is anticipated to improve the accuracy of TB diagnosis through the "integrative pattern". METHODS In this study, the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network was constructed based on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis by integrating our previous data sets of lncRNA, mRNA, miRNA, and metabolites. Moreover, the key regulatory axis was established by co-expression analysis and verified at the level of metabolites. RESULTS A ceRNA regulatory network consisting of 23 lncRNAs, 10 miRNAs, and 113 mRNAs was constructed. The analysis results suggested that lncRNA (OSBPL10-AS1), miRNA (has-miR-485-5p), and mRNA (SLC23A2) might be involved in the regulation of vitamin metabolism in patients with TB. Metabolite analysis showed that compared with the normal control group, TB patients had abnormal vitamin metabolism, and the expression levels of pyridoxal phosphate, pyridoxamine phosphate, and folic acid were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Integrated multi-omics analysis showed that vitamin metabolism disorder may be one of the pathological characteristic of TB. OSBPL10-AS1, hsa-miR-485-5p, SLC23A2, pyridoxal phosphate, pyridoxamine phosphate, and folic acid may collectively constitute the "integrative pattern" of multiple biomarkers, which may provide an accurate diagnosis of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Li
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China; Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li-Ying Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu-Shuai Han
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China; Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Chen
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China; Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shan-Qiang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
| | - Jia-Xi Chen
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
| | - Hui-Hui Tu
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi-Qi Lu
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
| | - Yi Yu
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China; Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting-Ting Jiang
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China; Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Li
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China; Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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83
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Pisoschi AM, Pop A, Iordache F, Stanca L, Geicu OI, Bilteanu L, Serban AI. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory roles of vitamins in COVID-19 therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114175. [PMID: 35151223 PMCID: PMC8813210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
oxidative stress is caused by an abundant generation of reactive oxygen species, associated to a diminished capacity of the endogenous systems of the organism to counteract them. Activation of pro-oxidative pathways and boosting of inflammatory cytokines are always encountered in viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. So, the importance of counteracting cytokine storm in COVID-19 pathology is highly important, to hamper the immunogenic damage of the endothelium and alveolar membranes. Antioxidants prevent oxidative processes, by impeding radical species generation. It has been proved that vitamin intake lowers oxidative stress markers, alleviates cytokine storm and has a potential role in reducing disease severity, by lowering pro-inflammatory cytokines, hampering hyperinflammation and organ failure. For the approached compounds, direct antiviral roles are also discussed in this review, as these activities encompass secretion of antiviral peptides, modulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor expression and interaction with spike protein, inactivation of furin protease, or inhibition of pathogen replication by nucleic acid impairment induction. Vitamin administration results in beneficial effects. Nevertheless, timing, dosage and mutual influences of these micronutrients should be carefullly regarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Aneta Pop
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Iordache
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredana Stanca
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Ionut Geicu
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liviu Bilteanu
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania; Molecular Nanotechnology Laboratory, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126A, Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Iren Serban
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Preclinical Sciences, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania; University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 91-95 Blvd, Splaiul Independentei, 050095, Bucharest, Romania
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84
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Zhang X, Li H, Lv X, Hu L, Li W, Zi M, He Y. Impact of Diets on Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) Therapy against Tumors. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:409. [PMID: 35330159 PMCID: PMC8951256 DOI: 10.3390/life12030409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the established therapeutics against tumors. As the major immunotherapy approach, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) achieved remarkable success in the treatment of malignancies. However, the clinical gains are far from universal and durable, because of the primary and secondary resistance of tumors to the therapy, or side effects induced by ICIs. There is an urgent need to find safe combinatorial strategies that enhance the response of ICIs for tumor treatment. Diets have an excellent safety profile and have been shown to play pleiotropic roles in tumor prevention, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that dietary regimens bolster not only the tolerability but also the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms by which tumor cells evade immune surveillance, focusing on describing the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of resistance to ICIs. We also summarized the impacts of different diets and/or nutrients on the response to ICIs therapy. Combinatory treatments of ICIs therapy with optimized diet regimens own great potential to enhance the efficacy and durable response of ICIs against tumors, which should be routinely considered in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China;
| | - Huiqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (H.L.); (L.H.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiupeng Lv
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China;
| | - Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (H.L.); (L.H.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570216, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650011, China;
| | - Meiting Zi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (H.L.); (L.H.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yonghan He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (H.L.); (L.H.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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85
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The Role of Nutrients in Prevention, Treatment and Post-Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051000. [PMID: 35267974 PMCID: PMC8912782 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 virus, infecting human cells via its spike protein, causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is characterized by shortness of breath, fever, and pneumonia and is sometimes fatal. Unfortunately, to date, there is still no definite therapy to treat COVID-19. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) approved only supportive care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to maintain a correct intake of nutrients to support very weakened patients in overcoming disease arose. The literature available on nutrient intake for COVID-19 is mainly focused on prevention. However, the safe intake of micro- and/or macro-nutrients can be useful either for preventing infection and supporting the immune response during COVID-19, as well as in the post-acute phase, i.e., “long COVID”, that is sometimes characterized by the onset of various long lasting and disabling symptoms. The aim of this review is to focus on the role of nutrient intake during all the different phases of the disease, including prevention, the acute phase, and finally long COVID.
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86
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Zhang L, Li X, Zhang J, Xu G. Prognostic Implication and Oncogenic Role of PNPO in Pan-Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:763674. [PMID: 35127701 PMCID: PMC8814662 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.763674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase (PNPO) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of vitamin B6 and affects the tumorigenesis of ovarian and breast cancers. However, the roles of PNPO in other types of cancer remain unknown.Methods: The expression of PNPO was interpreted by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Genotype Tissue-Expression (GTEX) database. Analysis of PNPO genomic alterations and protein expression in human organic tissues was analyzed by the cBioPortal database and human multiple organ tissue arrays. PNPO with drug sensitivity analysis was performed from the CellMiner database. The correlations between PNPO expression and survival outcomes, clinical features, DNA mismatch repair system (MMR), microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and immune-associated cell infiltration were analyzed using the TCGA, ESTIMATE algorithm, and TIMER databases. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was applied to elucidate the biological function of PNPO in pan-cancer.Results: The differential analysis showed that the level of PNPO mRNA expression was upregulated in 21 tumor types compared with normal tissues, which was consistent with its protein expression in most cancer types. The abnormal expression of PNPO could predict the survival outcome of patients with esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV), and uveal melanoma (UVM). Furthermore, the most frequent mutation type of PNPO genomic was amplified. Moreover, the aberrant PNPO expression was related to MMR, MSI, TMB, and drug sensitivity in various types of cancer. The expression of PNPO was related to the infiltration levels of various immune-associated cells in pan-cancer by ESTIMATE algorithm and TIMER database mining.Conclusion: Our results suggest that PNPO is a potential molecular biomarker for predicting patient prognosis, drug sensitivity, and immunoreaction in pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxiong Xu, ; Lingyun Zhang,
| | - Xin Li
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinguo Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxiong Xu, ; Lingyun Zhang,
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87
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Yeung KTD, Penney N, Whiley L, Ashrafian H, Lewis MR, Purkayastha S, Darzi A, Holmes E. The impact of bariatric surgery on serum tryptophan-kynurenine pathway metabolites. Sci Rep 2022; 12:294. [PMID: 34996930 PMCID: PMC8741964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the immediate effects of bariatric surgery on serum tryptophan–kynurenine pathway metabolites in individuals with type 2 diabetes and BMI > 30. With the goal of providing insight into the link between tryptophan pathway metabolites, type 2 diabetes, and chronic obesity-induced inflammation. This longitudinal study included 20 participants. Half were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. 11 and 9 underwent RYGB and SG respectively. Blood samples were obtained at pre-operative and 3 months post-operative timepoints. Tryptophan and downstream metabolites of the kynurenine pathway were quantified with an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation method. At 3 months post-operation, RYGB led to significant reductions in tryptophan, kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid levels when compared to baseline. Significant reductions of the same metabolites after surgery were also observed in individuals with T2D irrespective of surgical procedure. These metabolites were significantly correlated with serum HbA1c levels and BMI. Bariatric surgery, in particular RYGB reduces serum levels of tryptophan and its downstream kynurenine metabolites. These metabolites are associated with T2D and thought to be potentially mechanistic in the systemic processes of obesity induced inflammation leading to insulin resistance. Its reduction after surgery is associated with an improvement in glycaemic control (HbA1c).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tai Derek Yeung
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Penney
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Luke Whiley
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK.,Australian National Phenome Centre & Centre for Computational & Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Hutan Ashrafian
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Matthew R Lewis
- National Phenome Centre, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Sanjay Purkayastha
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Ara Darzi
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK. .,Australian National Phenome Centre & Centre for Computational & Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Midtbø H, Kringeland E, Gerdts E, Ueland PM, Meyer K, Linde A, Ulvik A, Jonsson R, Tveit KS. Biomarkers of inflammation and left ventricular remodelling in psoriasis patients treated with infliximab. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221111131. [PMID: 35968808 PMCID: PMC9379959 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Psoriasis is an immune mediated disorder associated with T cell activation and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We explored the association of inflammation with left ventricular (LV) remodelling in psoriasis patients receiving treatment with the tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) blocker infliximab. Methods: Psoriasis patients (n = 47, age 47 ± 14 years, 66% men) and 99 control subjects without psoriasis (age 47 ± 11 years, 72% men) were examined by echocardiography in a cross-sectional study. LV remodelling was assessed by LV mass index for height in the allometric power of 2.7. Serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), neopterin, kynurenine:tryptophan ratio (KTR) and the pyridoxic acid ratio (PAr) index were measured. Results: Serum concentration of neopterin (p = .007) was higher in psoriasis patients, while the other inflammatory biomarkers had similar levels. LV mass index was lower in patients than controls (35.6 ± 9.6 g/m2.7 vs. 40.3 ± 9.8 g/m2.7, p = .008). In the total study population, serum SAA (β = 0.18, p = .02), KTR (β = 0.20, p = .02) and the PAr index (β = 0.26, p = .002) were all associated with higher LV mass index independent of age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, smoking, renal function and psoriasis. Also in psoriasis patients, higher SAA level (β = 0.34, p = .02), KTR (β = 0.32, p = .02) and the PAr index (β = 0.29, p = .05) were associated with higher LV mass index independent of body mass index, hypertension and diabetes. Conclusion: Higher levels of the inflammatory biomarkers SAA, KTR and the PAr index were associated with greater LV mass index in psoriasis patients, indicating a role of chronic inflammation in LV remodelling evident even during treatment with TNF-α blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Midtbø
- Department of Heart Disease, 60498Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Research on Cardiac Disease in Women, Department of Clinical Science, 1658University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ester Kringeland
- Centre for Research on Cardiac Disease in Women, Department of Clinical Science, 1658University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva Gerdts
- Department of Heart Disease, 60498Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Research on Cardiac Disease in Women, Department of Clinical Science, 1658University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, 1658University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Anja Linde
- Centre for Research on Cardiac Disease in Women, Department of Clinical Science, 1658University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Research Centre for Women's Health, 155272Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Roland Jonsson
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, 1658University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kåre Steinar Tveit
- Department of Dermatology, 60498Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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89
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Sun H, Gao J, Li D, Li B. Observations on the clinical efficacy of rhaFGF combined with Vitamin B complex for patients with Severe Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37:2004-2007. [PMID: 34912434 PMCID: PMC8613052 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.7.4364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To observe the therapeutic effect of rha FGF combined with vitamin B complex on severe recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAUs). Methods: Ninety patients with severe RAU (grade III and IV) admitted to Chinese PLA General Hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were selected and divided into two groups using a random number table, 45 patients/group. Patients in the control group gargled with a mixture of vitamin B complex (250 ml of 9% normal saline +250 ml of vitamin B complex +160,000 U of gentamicin +25 ml of lidocaine) after oral cleaning; patients in the observation group gargled with a mixture of the same ratio after oral cleaning and then sprayed rhaFGF on their oral ulcers. The clinical symptoms and treatment effects of the 2 groups within 1 week of medication were compared. Results: The total effective rate of treatment was 97.78% in the observation group and 82.22% in the control group; the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The time to ulcer pain disappearance and eating recovery and the ulcer healing time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: rhaFGF combined with vitamin B complex has a significant therapeutic effect for patients with severe RAU; it can relieve pain and illness faster and shorten the healing time of ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Hui Sun, Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Jie Gao, Department of Emergency, Shandong Weifang Yi Du Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, China
| | - Dan Li
- Dan Li, Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Bing Li
- Bing Li Department of Pain, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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90
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Liu Y, Yang K, Wang L, Yang J, Wang Y, Luo H, Li P, Yin Y. Vitamin B6 prevents Isocarbophos-induced posterior cerebral artery injury in offspring rats through up-regulating S1P receptor expression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1691-1701. [PMID: 34718372 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that the long-term exposure of Isocarbophos, a kind of organophosphorus compounds, induces vascular dementia (VD) in rats. Studies have also shown that organophosphorus compounds have adverse effects on offsprings. Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme mainly involved in the regulation of metabolism and has been demonstrated to ameliorate VD. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a biologically active lipid, plays a vital role in the cardiovascular system. However, whether S1P is involved in the therapeutic effects of Vitamin B6 on posterior cerebral artery injury has yet to be further answered. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential influence of Vitamin B6 on Isocarbophos-induced posterior cerebral artery injury in offspring rats and the role of the S1P receptor in this process. We found that Vitamin B6 significantly improves the vasoconstriction function of the posterior cerebral artery in rats induced by Isocarbophos by the blood gas analysis and endothelium-dependent relaxation function assay. We further demonstrated that Vitamin B6 alleviates the Isocarbophos-induced elevation of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-1, and IL-6 by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. By performing immunofluorescence and the western blot assay, we revealed that Vitamin B6 prevents the down-regulation of S1P in posterior cerebral artery injury. It is worth noting that Fingolimod, the S1P inhibitor, significantly inhibits the Vitamin B6-induced up-regulation of S1P in posterior cerebral artery injury. Collectively, our data indicate that Vitamin B6 may be a novel drug for the treatment of posterior cerebral artery injury and that S1P may be a drug target for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liu
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kunli Yang
- Department of Physiology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637007, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jinfang Yang
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Zhengzhou No.7 People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hu Luo
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yaling Yin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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91
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Wu X, Ueland PM, Roper J, Koh GY, Liang X, Crott JW, Yilmaz ÖH, Bronson RT, Mason JB. Combined Supplementation with Vitamin B-6 and Curcumin is Superior to Either Agent Alone in Suppressing Obesity-Promoted Colorectal Tumorigenesis in Mice. J Nutr 2021; 151:3678-3688. [PMID: 34590119 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity increases the colorectal cancer risk, in part by elevating colonic proinflammatory cytokines. Curcumin (CUR) and supplemental vitamin B-6 each suppress colonic inflammation. OBJECTIVES We examined whether the combination of CUR and vitamin B-6 amplifies each supplement's effects and thereby suppress obesity-promoted tumorigenesis. METHODS Male Friend Virus B (FVB) mice (4-week-old; n = 110) received 6 weekly injections of azoxymethane beginning 1 week after arrival. Thereafter, they were randomized to receive a low-fat diet (10% energy from fat), a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% energy from fat), a HFD containing 0.2% CUR, a HFD containing supplemental vitamin B-6 (24 mg pyridoxine HCl/kg), or a HFD containing both CUR and supplemental vitamin B-6 (C + B) for 15 weeks. Colonic inflammation, assessed by fecal calprotectin, and tumor metrics were the primary endpoints. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the combination was also determined in human colonic organoids. RESULTS HFD-induced obesity produced a 2.6-fold increase in plasma IL-6 (P < 0.02), a 1.9-fold increase in fecal calprotectin (P < 0.05), and a 2.2-fold increase in tumor multiplicity (P < 0.05). Compared to the HFD group, the C + B combination, but not the individual agents, decreased fecal calprotectin (66%; P < 0.01) and reduced tumor multiplicity and the total tumor burden by 60%-80% (P < 0.03) in an additive fashion. The combination of C + B also significantly downregulated colonic phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, Wnt, and NF-κB signaling by 31%-47% (P < 0.05), effects largely absent with the single agents. Observations that may explain how the 2 agents work additively include a 2.8-fold increased colonic concentration of 3-hydroxyanthranillic acid (P < 0.05) and a 1.3-fold higher colonic concentration of the active coenzymatic form of vitamin B-6 (P < 0.05). In human colonic organoids, micromolar concentrations of CUR, vitamin B-6, and their combination suppressed secreted proinflammatory cytokines by 41%-93% (P < 0.03), demonstrating relevance to humans. CONCLUSIONS In this mouse model, C + B is superior to either agent alone in preventing obesity-promoted colorectal carcinogenesis. Augmented suppression of procancerous signaling pathways may be the means by which this augmentation occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jatin Roper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gar Yee Koh
- Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xu Liang
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jimmy W Crott
- Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ömer H Yilmaz
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Joel B Mason
- Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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92
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The Association between Daily Total Dietary Nutrient Intake and Recent Glycemic Control States of Non-Pregnant Adults 20+ Years Old from NHANES 1999-2018 (Except for 2003-2004). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114168. [PMID: 34836424 PMCID: PMC8620762 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although daily total dietary nutrient intakes were potentially important factors in maintaining glycemic balance, their overall effect on glycemic control was still unclear among American adults. Objectives: We aimed to examine the association between daily total dietary nutrient intake and recent glycemic control status (RGCS). Methods: This cohort was composed of 41,302 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The daily total intake of dietary nutrients and RGCS were independent and dependent variables, respectively. To evaluate their association, we carried out binary logistic regression, model fitting, linear discriminant analysis, and the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: The result of robust check model showed that only the daily total dietary vitamin B6 intake (adjusted OR = 0.848; 95% CI: 0.738, 0.973; p-value = 0.019) was significantly negatively correlated with RGCS. When daily total dietary vitamin B6 intake and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were used as independent variables and dependent variables, respectively, to fit the curves and lines, the established robust check model could distinguish American adults with different RGCS well. Moreover, the robust check model results of ROC analysis indicated that daily total dietary vitamin B6 intake might be a potential predictor for RGCS (AUC = 0.977; 95% CI: 0.974, 0.980; p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed that only daily total dietary vitamin B6 intake was a beneficial factor in RGCS, but it might need further multicenter or prospective studies to verify whether vitamin B6 had biological implications and public health meaning for glycemic control among American adults (specifically referred to non-pregnant participants over 20 years old).
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93
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Bakker L, Ramakers IHGB, van Boxtel MPJ, Schram MT, Stehouwer CDA, van der Kallen CJH, Dagnelie PC, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Wesselius A, Midttun Ø, Ueland PM, Verhey FRJ, Eussen SJPM, Köhler S. Associations between plasma kynurenines and cognitive function in individuals with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: the Maastricht Study. Diabetologia 2021; 64:2445-2457. [PMID: 34409496 PMCID: PMC8494700 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Studies investigating associations between kynurenines and cognitive function have generally been small, restricted to clinical samples or have found inconsistent results, and associations in the general adult population, and in individuals with type 2 diabetes in particular, are not clear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate cross-sectional associations between plasma kynurenines and cognitive function in a cohort of middle-aged participants with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes (defined as impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Plasma kynurenines were quantified in 2358 participants aged 61 ± 8 years. Cross-sectional associations of kynurenines with cognitive impairment and cognitive domain scores were investigated using logistic, multiple linear and restricted cubic spline regression analyses adjusted for several confounders. RESULTS Effect modification by glucose metabolism status was found for several associations with cognitive impairment, hence analyses were stratified. In individuals with prediabetes, 3-hydroxykynurenine (OR per SD 0.59 [95% CI 0.37, 0.94]) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (0.67 [0.47, 0.96]) were associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment after full adjustment. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, kynurenine (0.80 [0.66, 0.98]), 3-hydroxykynurenine (0.82 [0.68, 0.99]), kynurenic acid (0.81 [0.68, 0.96]), xanthurenic acid (0.73 [0.61, 0.87]) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (0.73 [0.60, 0.87]) were all associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment. Kynurenic acid (β per SD 0.07 [95% CI 0.02, 0.13]) and xanthurenic acid (0.06 [0.01, 0.11]) were also associated with better executive function/attention. No associations were observed in individuals with normal glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Several kynurenines were cross-sectionally associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment and better cognitive functioning in type 2 diabetes, while less widespread associations were seen in prediabetes. Low levels of kynurenines might be involved in the pathway of type 2 diabetes and cognitive decline but this needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Bakker
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Inez H G B Ramakers
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin P J van Boxtel
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda T Schram
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carla J H van der Kallen
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen M J van Greevenbroek
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Wesselius
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Per M Ueland
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frans R J Verhey
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Badrfam R, Mostafavi SA, Khaleghi A, Akhondzadeh S, Zandifar A, Farid M, Mohammadian Khonsari N, Mohammadi MR. The efficacy of vitamin B6 as an adjunctive therapy to lithium in improving the symptoms of acute mania in patients with bipolar disorder, type 1; a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2394. [PMID: 34662000 PMCID: PMC8613435 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin B6 has been linked to a variety of probable roles, including anti-inflammatory, homocysteine-lowering, serotonin-regulating, and dopamine-lowering. In this study, we investigated the possible effect of vitamin B6 on bipolar disorder in manic episode with psychotic feature in a placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial in a psychiatric hospital. METHODS This study was performed on 50 patients who were equally divided into two groups (each group included 25 patients) using 80 mg of vitamin B6 daily or placebo. At the beginning and end of the study, they were evaluated for lab tests, inflammatory biomarkers and level of blood homocysteine. Also, at the baseline and in weeks 2, 4, and 8, they were evaluated based on the anthropometric measurements, score obtained from the Young Mania Questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire. RESULTS Accordingly, based on Yang Mania scoring scale, no significant difference was observed between the two groups receiving vitamin B6 and placebo (22.68 ± 5.39 vs. 21.80 ± 5.39 [p-value = .51]). Based on MMSE, significant improvement in cognitive status was obtained in group placebo compared to vitamin B6 group (25.24 ± 1.96 vs. 24.40 ± 3.25, respectively [p-value = .01]). At the Pittsburg scale (total, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups receiving vitamin B6 and placebo (1.04 ± 0.20 vs. 0.48 ± 0.50 [p-value = .23]). Additionally, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the anthropometric status. CONCLUSIONS According to this study, the daily dose of 80 mg of vitamin B6 for 8 weeks in patients with bipolar disorder in the manic episode with psychotic feature treated daily with lithium, was not associated with a significant improvement in mood status compared to the control-placebo group. It is recommended to perform similar studies in a multi-center manner with a larger sample size and longer duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Badrfam
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Ali Mostafavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khaleghi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zandifar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hossein Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Malihe Farid
- Non communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Orsatti L, Stiehl T, Dischinger K, Speziale R, Di Pasquale P, Monteagudo E, Müller-Tidow C, Radujkovic A, Dreger P, Luft T. Kynurenine pathway activation and deviation to anthranilic and kynurenic acid in fibrosing chronic graft-versus-host disease. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 2:100409. [PMID: 34755129 PMCID: PMC8561165 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosing chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a debilitating complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). A driver of fibrosis is the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway, and Kyn metabolism patterns and cytokines may influence cGVHD severity and manifestation (fibrosing versus gastrointestinal [GI] cGVHD). Using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach on sera obtained from 425 patients with allografts, we identified high CXCL9, high indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity, and an activated Kyn pathway as common characteristics in all cGVHD subtypes. Specific Kyn metabolism patterns could be identified for non-severe cGVHD, severe GI cGVHD, and fibrosing cGVHD, respectively. Specifically, fibrosing cGVHD was associated with a distinct pathway shift toward anthranilic and kynurenic acid, correlating with reduced activity of the vitamin-B2-dependent kynurenine monooxygenase, low vitamin B6, and increased interleukin-18. The Kyn metabolite signature is a candidate biomarker for severe fibrosing cGVHD and provides a rationale for translational trials on prophylactic vitamin B2/B6 supplementation for cGVHD prevention. High IDO activity and an activated Kyn pathway are common in all cGVHD subtypes Specific Kyn metabolism patterns were identified for gastrointestinal and fibrosing cGVHD A pathway shift toward anthranilic and kynurenic acid was found in fibrosing cGVHD A rationale for vitamin B2/B6 adjustment for cGVHD prevention is presented
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Orsatti
- ADME/DMPK Department, IRBM SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Stiehl
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine–Disease Modeling, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Dreger
- Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Luft
- Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Corresponding author
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96
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Brun EMSPT, Calvert ND, Suchý M, Kirby A, Melkus G, Garipov R, Addison CL, Shuhendler AJ. Mapping vitamin B 6 metabolism by hydrazoCEST magnetic resonance imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10867-10870. [PMID: 34665184 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new CEST-MRI contrast agent, 2-HYNIC, capable of sensing aromatic aldehydes is reported. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, a key Vitamin B6 metabolite necessary for >140 biotransformations was mapped by CEST-MRI in vitro and in vivo in lung cancer. 2-HYNIC provided access to this key biomarker associated with a variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Marie Sophie Patit-Tha Brun
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas David Calvert
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mojmír Suchý
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexia Kirby
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Dept. Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerd Melkus
- Dept. Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Dept. Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Christina L Addison
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Dept. Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Dept. Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam J Shuhendler
- Dept. Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Dept. Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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97
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Zhu JP, Gong H, Labreche F, Kou XH, Wu CE, Fan GJ, Li TT, Wang JH. In vivo toxicity assessment of 4'-O-methylpyridoxine from Ginkgo biloba seeds: Growth, hematology, metabolism, and oxidative parameters. Toxicon 2021; 201:66-73. [PMID: 34425140 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
4'-O-methylpyridoxine (MPN), a recognized antivitamin B6 compound, is a potentially poisonous substance found in Ginkgo biloba seeds and leaves. In this work, the body weights, histopathological changes, plasma vitamin B6 (VB6), biochemical parameters, oxidative stress responses, and amino acids of rats were investigated after intragastric administration of MPN for 15 days. Results showed that intragastric administration of 50 mg/kg BW MPN caused pathological changes in the brain and heart tissues of rats. Administration of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg BW MPN can significantly increase VB6 analogs in the plasma of rats, such as pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, pyridoxal. Results of biochemical parameters indicated that MPN can damage brains and hearts by changing the enzyme activity of these organs. These results suggest that consumption of Ginkgo biloba seeds for the long term, even in a small quantity, may lead to poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Peng Zhu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hao Gong
- College of Food Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China
| | - Faiza Labreche
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Kou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Cai-E Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Gong-Jian Fan
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jia-Hong Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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98
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Song W, Sun LY, Zhu ZJ. Effects of Previous Kasai Surgery on Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid in Biliary Atresia With End-Stage Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:704328. [PMID: 34646837 PMCID: PMC8502819 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.704328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common cholestatic liver disease in neonates. Although the Kasai procedure can improve temporary biliary drainage in some cases, complications and liver fibrosis still develop. Liver transplantation is the ultimate treatment. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of previous Kasai surgery on gut microbiota and bile acid in BA with end-stage liver disease. Methods: Patients with BA with end-stage liver disease were divided into two groups according to whether they had previously undergone Kasai surgery (non-Kasai: n = 8, post-Kasai: n = 8). Metagenomic sequencing and ultraperformance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry were performed to identify the gut microbiota and bile acid. Results: Previous Kasai surgery had some effects on gut microbiota and bile acid in BA with end-stage liver disease. In the gut microbiome, the differential species were mainly distributed at the species level. Veillonella atypica had a significant increase in the non-Kasai group (P < 0.05). Bacteroides spp., Prevotella spp., Barnesiella spp., Parabacteroides spp., Heliobacterium spp., Erysipelatoclostridium spp. and Diaporthe spp. were increased in the post-Kasai group (P < 0.05). Concerning functional profiles, methionine biosynthesis was enriched in the non-Kasai group, while pyridoxal biosynthesis and riboflavin biosynthesis were enriched in the post-Kasai group (linear discriminant analysis > 2, P < 0.05). In stools, 17 bile acids were distinctly elevated in the post-Kasai group, such as cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, β-muricholic acid and tauro α-muricholate (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation test showed that V. atypica had an enormously positive correlation with liver enzymes. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Escherichia coli were associated with derivatives of the alternative pathway of bile acid metabolism. Conclusion: Previous Kasai surgery can improve the gut microbiota and bile acid in patients with BA with end-stage liver disease. This improvement contributes to maintaining the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Liver Transplantation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center for Pediatric Liver Transplantation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ying Sun
- Liver Transplantation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center for Pediatric Liver Transplantation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhu
- Liver Transplantation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center for Pediatric Liver Transplantation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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99
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Travica N, Ried K, Hudson I, Scholey A, Pipingas A, Sali A. The effects of cardiovascular and orthopaedic surgery on vitamin concentrations: a narrative review of the literature and mechanisms of action. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-31. [PMID: 34619992 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1983762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Given the rise in worldwide chronic diseases, supplemented by an aging population, the volume of global major surgeries, encompassing cardiac and orthopedic procedures is anticipated to surge significantly. Surgical trauma can be accompanied by numerous postoperative complications and metabolic changes. The present review summarized the results from studies assessing the effects of orthopedic and cardiovascular surgery on vitamin concentrations, in addition to exploring the possible mechanisms associated with changes in concentrations. Studies have revealed a potentially severe depletion in plasma/serum concentrations of numerous vitamins following these surgeries acutely. Vitamins C, D and B1 appear particularly vulnerable to significant depletions, with vitamin C and D depletions consistently transpiring into inadequate and deficient concentrations, respectively. The possible multifactorial mechanisms impacting postoperative vitamin concentrations include changes in hemodilution and vitamin utilization, redistribution, circulatory transport and absorption. For a majority of vitamins, there has been a lack of investigation into the effects of both, cardiac and orthopedic surgery. Additionally, studies were predominantly restricted to short-term postoperative investigations, primarily performed within the first postoperative week of surgery. Overall, results indicated that further examination is necessary to determine the severity and clinical significance of the possible depletions in vitamin concentrations that ensue cardiovascular and orthopedic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Travica
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Geelong, Australia.,Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karin Ried
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, Australia.,Honorary Associate Professor, Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Torrens University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Irene Hudson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Digital Health, CRC, College of STEM, Mathematical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Melbourne, Australia.,School of Mathematical and Physical Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Avni Sali
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
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100
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Li SX, Hodge AM, MacInnis RJ, Bassett JK, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A, Rinaldi S, Meyer K, Navionis AS, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Flicker L, Severi G, Jayasekara H, English DR, Vineis P, Southey MC, Milne RL, Giles GG, Dugué PA. Inflammation-Related Marker Profiling of Dietary Patterns and All-cause Mortality in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. J Nutr 2021; 151:2908-2916. [PMID: 34320210 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional epidemiology research using self-reported dietary intake is prone to measurement error. Objective methods are being explored to overcome this limitation. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine 1) the association between plasma markers related to inflammation and derive marker scores for dietary patterns [Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM), Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI)] and 2) the associations of these marker scores with mortality. METHODS Weighted marker scores were derived from the cross-sectional association between 30 plasma markers and each dietary score (assessed using food-frequency questionnaires) using linear regression for 770 participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (aged 50-82 y). Prospective associations between marker scores and mortality (n = 249 deaths) were assessed using Cox regression (median follow-up: 14.4 y). RESULTS The MDS, E-DII, and AHEI were associated (P < 0.05) with 9, 14, and 11 plasma markers, respectively. Healthier diets (higher MDS and AHEI, and lower anti-inflammatory, E-DII) were associated with lower concentrations of kynurenines, neopterin, IFN-γ, cytokines, and C-reactive protein. Five of 6 markers common to the 3 dietary scores were components of the kynurenine pathway. The 3 dietary-based marker scores were highly correlated (Spearman ρ: -0.74, -0.82, and 0.93). Inverse associations (for 1-SD increment) were observed with all-cause mortality for the MDS marker score (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72-0.98) and the AHEI marker score (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.66-0.89), whereas a positive association was observed with the E-DII marker score (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01-1.39). The same magnitude of effect was not observed for the respective dietary patterns. CONCLUSIONS Markers involved in inflammation-related processes are associated with dietary quality, including a substantial overlap between markers associated with the MDS, the E-DII, and the AHEI, especially kynurenines. Unfavorable marker scores, reflecting poorer-quality diets, were associated with increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherly X Li
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie K Bassett
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Arve Ulvik
- Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Klaus Meyer
- Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne-Sophie Navionis
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Leon Flicker
- WA Centre for Health and Ageing of the University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Université Paris-Saclay, UPS, USQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Turin, Italy
| | - Harindra Jayasekara
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dallas R English
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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