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da Silva Soares R, Ramirez-Chavez KL, Tufanoglu A, Barreto C, Sato JR, Ayaz H. Cognitive Effort during Visuospatial Problem Solving in Physical Real World, on Computer Screen, and in Virtual Reality. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:977. [PMID: 38339693 PMCID: PMC10857420 DOI: 10.3390/s24030977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Spatial cognition plays a crucial role in academic achievement, particularly in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) domains. Immersive virtual environments (VRs) have the growing potential to reduce cognitive load and improve spatial reasoning. However, traditional methods struggle to assess the mental effort required for visuospatial processes due to the difficulty in verbalizing actions and other limitations in self-reported evaluations. In this neuroergonomics study, we aimed to capture the neural activity associated with cognitive workload during visuospatial tasks and evaluate the impact of the visualization medium on visuospatial task performance. We utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) wearable neuroimaging to assess cognitive effort during spatial-reasoning-based problem-solving and compared a VR, a computer screen, and a physical real-world task presentation. Our results reveal a higher neural efficiency in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during 3D geometry puzzles in VR settings compared to the settings in the physical world and on the computer screen. VR appears to reduce the visuospatial task load by facilitating spatial visualization and providing visual cues. This makes it a valuable tool for spatial cognition training, especially for beginners. Additionally, our multimodal approach allows for progressively increasing task complexity, maintaining a challenge throughout training. This study underscores the potential of VR in developing spatial skills and highlights the value of comparing brain data and human interaction across different training settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo da Silva Soares
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- Center of Mathematics Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-405, Brazil;
| | - Kevin L. Ramirez-Chavez
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Altona Tufanoglu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Candida Barreto
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Center of Mathematics Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-405, Brazil;
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Shin JH, Kang MJ, Lee SA. Wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy for measuring dissociable activation dynamics of prefrontal cortex subregions during working memory. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26619. [PMID: 38339822 PMCID: PMC10858338 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been extensively studied in relation to various cognitive abilities, including executive function, attention, and memory. Nevertheless, there is a gap in our scientific knowledge regarding the functionally dissociable neural dynamics across the PFC during a cognitive task and their individual differences in performance. Here, we explored this possibility using a delayed match-to-sample (DMTS) working memory (WM) task using NIRSIT, a high-density, wireless, wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system. First, upon presentation of the sample stimulus, we observed an immediate signal increase in the ventral (orbitofrontal) region of the anterior PFC, followed by activity in the dorsolateral PFC. After the DMTS test stimulus appeared, the orbitofrontal cortex activated once again, while the rest of the PFC showed overall disengagement. Individuals with higher accuracy showed earlier and sustained activation of the PFC across the trial. Furthermore, higher network efficiency and functional connectivity in the PFC were correlated with individual WM performance. Our study sheds new light on the dynamics of PFC subregional activity during a cognitive task and its potential applicability in explaining individual differences in experimental, educational, or clinical populations. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) captured dissociable temporal dynamics across prefrontal subregions during a delayed match-to-sample task. Anterior regions of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activated first during the delay period, followed by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). PFC disengaged overall after the delay, but the OFC reactivated to the test stimulus. Earlier and sustained activation of PFC was associated with better accuracy. Functional connectivity and network efficiency also varied with task performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Han Shin
- Program of Brain and Cognitive EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonSouth Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Min Jun Kang
- Department of Bio and Brain EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
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Parker SM, Andreasen SC, Ricks B, Kaipust MS, Zuniga J, Knarr BA. Comparison of brain activation and functional outcomes between physical and virtual reality box and block test: a case study. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024; 19:273-280. [PMID: 35704460 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2022.2085334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) systems allow for highly repetitive tasks to be performed within a virtual environment that increases practice in home environments. VR can increase access to rehabilitation by reducing access barriers. However, rehabilitation outcomes between immersive VR systems and conventional physical rehabilitation are not well understood. The purpose of this case study was to assess the use of a custom clinically based VR simulation for testing gross hand dexterity with an individual with chronic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS The participant performed the box and blocks test (BBT) in an immersive VR environment and a physical environment. Three trials of the BBT were performed with their less-affected and affected hands each in both environments while measuring cortical activity using fNIRS. Rests were given between trials and environment conditions. RESULTS Our results show that there was no statistical difference in the number of blocks moved between the physical and VR BBT for both the affected and less-affected hands. Furthermore, our results also indicate no statistically significant difference between the physical BBT and VR BBT conditions on contralateral motor cortex activation, suggesting that cortical involvement is comparable between physical and VR conditions. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that an immersive VR system may be able to elicit functional and motor cortex activations that are comparable to the conventional physical BBT. Importantly, these findings highlights the potential benefits of VR therapy as a remote therapy intervention and/or to increase the effectiveness and practicality of current in-person rehabilitation programs.Implications for rehabilitationThese findings highlight the potential benefits of immersive virtual reality as a remote therapy intervention.Immersive virtual reality use has potential benefits to increase the effectiveness and practicality of current in-person rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan M Parker
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sydney C Andreasen
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Brian Ricks
- Department of Computer Science, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mark S Kaipust
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jorge Zuniga
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Brian A Knarr
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
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McLinden J, Rahimi N, Kumar C, Krusienski DJ, Shao M, Spencer KM, Shahriari Y. Investigation of electro-vascular phase-amplitude coupling during an auditory task. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107902. [PMID: 38159399 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Multimodal neuroimaging using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides complementary views of cortical processes, including those related to auditory processing. However, current multimodal approaches often overlook potential insights that can be gained from nonlinear interactions between electrical and hemodynamic signals. Here, we explore electro-vascular phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between low-frequency hemodynamic and high-frequency electrical oscillations during an auditory task. We further apply a temporally embedded canonical correlation analysis (tCCA)-general linear model (GLM)-based correction approach to reduce the possible effect of systemic physiology on fNIRS recordings. Before correction, we observed significant PAC between fNIRS and broadband EEG in the frontal region (p ≪ 0.05), β (p ≪ 0.05) and γ (p = 0.010) in the left temporal/temporoparietal (left auditory; LA) region, and γ (p = 0.032) in the right temporal/temporoparietal (right auditory; RA) region across the entire dataset. Significant differences in PAC across conditions (task versus silence) were observed in LA (p = 0.023) and RA (p = 0.049) γ sub-bands and in lower frequency (5-20 Hz) frontal activity (p = 0.005). After correction, significant fNIRS-γ-band PAC was observed in the frontal (p = 0.021) and LA (p = 0.025) regions, while fNIRS-α (p = 0.003) and fNIRS-β (p = 0.041) PAC were observed in RA. Decreased frontal γ-band (p = 0.008) and increased β-band (p ≪ 0.05) PAC were observed during the task. These outcomes represent the first characterization of electro-vascular PAC between fNIRS and EEG signals during an auditory task, providing insights into electro-vascular coupling in auditory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J McLinden
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - N Rahimi
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - C Kumar
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - D J Krusienski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M Shao
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - K M Spencer
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y Shahriari
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
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Draghici AE, Ely MR, Hamner JW, Taylor JA. Nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in human bone. Microcirculation 2024; 31:e12842. [PMID: 38133925 PMCID: PMC10922487 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regulation of blood flow to bone is critical but poorly understood, particularly in humans. This study aims to determine whether nitric oxide (NO), a major regulator of vascular tone to other tissues, contributes also to the regulation of blood flow to bone. METHODS In young healthy adults (n = 16, 8F, 8M), we characterized NO-mediated vasodilation in the tibia in response to sublingual nitroglycerin and contrasted it to lower leg. Blood flow responses were assessed in supine individuals by continuously measuring tibial total hemoglobin (tHb) via near-infrared spectroscopy and lower leg blood flow (LBF) as popliteal flow velocity via Doppler ultrasound in the same leg. RESULTS LBF increased by Δ9.73 ± 0.66 cm/s and peaked 4.4 min after NO administration and declined slowly but remained elevated (Δ3.63 ± 0.60 cm/s) at 10 min. In contrast, time to peak response was longer and smaller in magnitude in the tibia as tHb increased Δ2.08 ± 0.22 μM and peaked 5.3 min after NO administration and declined quickly but remained elevated (Δ0.87±0.22 μM) at 10 min (p = .01). CONCLUSIONS In young adults, the tibial vasculature demonstrates robust NO-mediated vasodilation, but tHb is delayed and diminishes faster compared to LBF, predominately reflective of skeletal muscle responses. Thus, NO-mediated vasodilation in bone may be characteristically different from other vascular beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina E. Draghici
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Spaulding Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, MA
- Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew R. Ely
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Spaulding Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, MA
- Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation, Boston, MA
| | - Jason W. Hamner
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Spaulding Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, MA
- Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation, Boston, MA
| | - J. Andrew Taylor
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Spaulding Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, MA
- Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation, Boston, MA
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Fu S, Liu F, Zhi X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chen H, Wang Y, Luo M. Applications of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in non-drug therapy of traditional Chinese medicine: a review. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1329738. [PMID: 38333602 PMCID: PMC10851877 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1329738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-drug therapies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including acupuncture, massage, tai chi chuan, and Baduanjin, have emerged as widespread interventions for the treatment of various diseases in clinical practice. In recent years, preliminary studies on the mechanisms of non-drug therapies of TCM have been mostly based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology. FNIRS is an innovative, non-invasive tool to monitor hemodynamic changes in the cerebral cortex. Our review included clinical research conducted over the last 10 years, establishing fNIRS as a reliable and stable neuroimaging technique. This review explores new applications of this technology in the field of neuroscience. First, we summarize the working principles of fNIRS. We then present preventive research on the use of fNIRS in healthy individuals and therapeutic research on patients undergoing non-drug therapies of TCM. Finally, we emphasize the potential for encouraging future advancements in fNIRS studies to establish a theoretical framework for research in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifang Fu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanqi Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhi
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanguo Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingchi Luo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Çınaroğlu O, Bora E, Acar H, Arıkan C, Küçük M, Kırık S. Is near-infrared spectroscopy a promising predictor for early intracranial hemorrhage diagnosis in the Emergency Department? Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13155. [PMID: 38265345 PMCID: PMC10802232 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a serious medical condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Early detection and treatment are essential for improving the outcome in patients with ICH. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive imaging technique that has been used to detect changes in brain tissue oxygenation and blood flow in various conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive potential of NIRS for early diagnosis of ICH in patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) triage with headache. A total of 378 patients were included in the study. According to the final diagnosis of the patients, 4 groups were formed: migraine, tension-cluster headache, intracranial hemorrhage and intracranial mass, and control group. Cerebral NIRS values "rSO2" were measured at the first professional medical contact with the patient. The right and left rSO2 (RrSO2, LrSO2) were significantly lower and the rSO2 difference was significantly higher in the intracranial hemorrhage group compared to all other patient groups (P<0.001). The cut-off values determined in the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis were RrSO2 ≤67, LrSO2 ≤67, and ΔrSO2 ≥9. This study found that a difference of more than 9 in cerebral right-left NIRS values can be a non-invasive, easy-to-administer, rapid, and reliable diagnostic test for early detection of intracranial bleeding. NIRS holds promise as an objective method in ED triage for patients with intracranial hemorrhage. However, further research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and limitations of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- O.S. Çınaroğlu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - E.S. Bora
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - H. Acar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - C. Arıkan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - M. Küçük
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - S. Kırık
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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Bröhl T, Rings T, Pukropski J, von Wrede R, Lehnertz K. The time-evolving epileptic brain network: concepts, definitions, accomplishments, perspectives. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 3:1338864. [PMID: 38293249 PMCID: PMC10825060 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2023.1338864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is now considered a network disease that affects the brain across multiple levels of spatial and temporal scales. The paradigm shift from an epileptic focus-a discrete cortical area from which seizures originate-to a widespread epileptic network-spanning lobes and hemispheres-considerably advanced our understanding of epilepsy and continues to influence both research and clinical treatment of this multi-faceted high-impact neurological disorder. The epileptic network, however, is not static but evolves in time which requires novel approaches for an in-depth characterization. In this review, we discuss conceptual basics of network theory and critically examine state-of-the-art recording techniques and analysis tools used to assess and characterize a time-evolving human epileptic brain network. We give an account on current shortcomings and highlight potential developments towards an improved clinical management of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Bröhl
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Rings
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Pukropski
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Randi von Wrede
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Lehnertz
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Complex Systems, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Xue F, Knight S, Connolly E, O’Halloran A, Shirsath MA, Newman L, Duggan E, Kenny RA, Romero-Ortuno R. Were Frailty Identification Criteria Created Equal? A Comparative Case Study on Continuous Non-Invasively Collected Neurocardiovascular Signals during an Active Standing Test in the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:442. [PMID: 38257535 PMCID: PMC10818961 DOI: 10.3390/s24020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this observational study, we compared continuous physiological signals during an active standing test in adults aged 50 years and over, characterised as frail by three different criteria, using data from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). METHODS This study utilised data from TILDA, an ongoing landmark prospective cohort study of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years or older in Ireland. The initial sampling strategy in TILDA was based on random geodirectory sampling. Four independent groups were identified: those characterised as frail only by one of the frailty tools used (the physical Frailty Phenotype (FP), the 32-item Frailty Index (FI), or the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) classification tree), and a fourth group where participants were not characterised as frail by any of these tools. Continuous non-invasive physiological signals were collected during an active standing test, including systolic (sBP) and diastolic (dBP) blood pressure, as well as heart rate (HR), using digital artery photoplethysmography. Additionally, the frontal lobe cerebral oxygenation (Oxy), deoxygenation (Deoxy), and tissue saturation index (TSI) were also non-invasively measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The signals were visualised across frailty groups and statistically compared using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (SPM). RESULTS A total of 1124 participants (mean age of 63.5 years; 50.2% women) were included: 23 were characterised as frail only by the FP, 97 by the FI, 38 by the CFS, and 966 by none of these criteria. The SPM analyses revealed that only the group characterised as frail by the FI had significantly different signals (p < 0.001) compared to the non-frail group. Specifically, they exhibited an attenuated gain in HR between 10 and 15 s post-stand and larger deficits in sBP and dBP between 15 and 20 s post-stand. CONCLUSIONS The FI proved to be more adept at capturing distinct physiological responses to standing, likely due to its direct inclusion of cardiovascular morbidities in its definition. Significant differences were observed in the dynamics of cardiovascular signals among the frail populations identified by different frailty criteria, suggesting that caution should be taken when employing frailty identification tools on physiological signals, particularly the neurocardiovascular signals in an active standing test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xue
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvin Knight
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma Connolly
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling O’Halloran
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Morgana Afonso Shirsath
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise Newman
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Duggan
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roman Romero-Ortuno
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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Ren L, Yin X, Wang HY, Hao X, Wang D, Jin F, Zhang T, Li T, Zhou T, Liang Z. Correlation and underlying brain mechanisms between rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and executive functions in Parkinson's disease: an fNIRS study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 15:1290108. [PMID: 38274985 PMCID: PMC10809391 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1290108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) affects 30%-40% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and has been linked to a higher risk of cognitive impairment, especially executive dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the brain activation patterns in PD patients with RBD (PD-RBD+) compared to those without RBD (PD-RBD-) and healthy controls (HCs), and to analyze the correlation between changes in cerebral cortex activity and the severity of RBD. Methods We recruited 50 PD patients, including 30 PD-RBD+, 20 PD-RBD-, and 20 HCs. We used functional near infrared spectroscopy during a verbal fluency task (VFT-fNIRS) and clinical neuropsychological assessment to explore the correlation between PD-RBD+ and executive function and changes in neural activity. Results The VFT-fNIRS analysis revealed a significant reduction in activation among PD-RBD+ patients across multiple channels when compared to both the PD-RBD- and HC groups. Specifically, PD-RBD+ patients exhibited diminished activation in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) relative to their PD-RBD- counterparts. Furthermore, compared to the HC group, PD-RBD+ patients displayed reduced activation specifically in the right DLPFC. Significantly, a noteworthy negative correlation was identified between the average change in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (ΔHbO2) in the right DLPFC of PD-RBD+ patients and the severity of their RBD. Conclusion Our study offers compelling evidence that RBD exacerbates cognitive impairment in PD, manifested as executive dysfunction, primarily attributed to reduced prefrontal activation. These aberrations in brain activation may potentially correlate with the severity of RBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhanhua Liang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Yun SH, Jang TS, Kwon JW. Cortical activity and spatiotemporal parameters during gait termination and walking: A preliminary study. Behav Brain Res 2024; 456:114701. [PMID: 37813283 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Gait termination requires an interaction between the biomechanical and neuromuscular systems to arrest forward momentum. Currently, the biomechanical characteristics of gait termination have been demonstrated; however, the neural mechanism of gait termination remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate cortical activity during gait termination using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Thirteen healthy younger adults (mean age:24.0 ± 1.7) participated in this study. All participants performed three experimental sessions: planned gait termination (PGT), unplanned gait termination (UGT), and walking. Each experimental session comprised a block paradigm design (three cycles; 20 s resting, 45 s task). Cortical activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), supplementary motor area (SMA), and primary motor cortex (M1) and spatiotemporal parameters were measured. We compared the cortical activities and spatiotemporal parameters among PGT, UGT, and walking sessions. In addition, we performed Pearson correlations between hemodynamic responses and spatiotemporal parameters. The PGT was activated in the right DLPFC, whereas the UGT and walking were activated in the left SMA (p < 0.05). Comparing cortical activation between sessions, both the PGT and UGT showed significantly higher activation in the right DLPFC than during walking (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in cortical activity between PGT and UGT (p > 0.05). In addition, the gait termination time revealed moderate positive correlation with hemodynamic responses in the right DLPFC (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that the right DLPFC is associated with gait termination, regardless of gait termination type. Our findings provide the potential implication that the hemodynamic response in the right DLPFC would be a biomarker to evaluate the ability of gait termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Ho Yun
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health and Welfare Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jung Won Kwon
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea.
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Acuña K, Sapahia R, Jiménez IN, Antonietti M, Anzola I, Cruz M, García MT, Krishnan V, Leveille LA, Resch MD, Galor A, Habash R, DeBuc DC. Functional Near-Infrared Spectrometry as a Useful Diagnostic Tool for Understanding the Visual System: A Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:282. [PMID: 38202288 PMCID: PMC10779649 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the role of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) in advancing our understanding of the visual system. Beginning with an introduction to fNIRS, we delve into its historical development, highlighting how this technology has evolved over time. The core of the review critically examines the advantages and disadvantages of fNIRS, offering a balanced view of its capabilities and limitations in research and clinical settings. We extend our discussion to the diverse applications of fNIRS beyond its traditional use, emphasizing its versatility across various fields. In the context of the visual system, this review provides an in-depth analysis of how fNIRS contributes to our understanding of eye function, including eye diseases. We discuss the intricacies of the visual cortex, how it responds to visual stimuli and the implications of these findings in both health and disease. A unique aspect of this review is the exploration of the intersection between fNIRS, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI). We discuss how these cutting-edge technologies are synergizing with fNIRS to open new frontiers in visual system research. The review concludes with a forward-looking perspective, envisioning the future of fNIRS in a rapidly evolving technological landscape and its potential to revolutionize our approach to studying and understanding the visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Acuña
- School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA;
| | - Rishav Sapahia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Irene Newman Jiménez
- Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Arts & Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
| | - Michael Antonietti
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Ignacio Anzola
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Marvin Cruz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Michael T. García
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Varun Krishnan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Lynn A. Leveille
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Miklós D. Resch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Anat Galor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Ranya Habash
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Delia Cabrera DeBuc
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.S.); (M.A.); (M.T.G.); (V.K.); (L.A.L.); (A.G.)
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Lorenz EA, Su X, Skjæret-Maroni N. A review of combined functional neuroimaging and motion capture for motor rehabilitation. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:3. [PMID: 38172799 PMCID: PMC10765727 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-023-01294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technological advancements in functional neuroimaging and motion capture have led to the development of novel methods that facilitate the diagnosis and rehabilitation of motor deficits. These advancements allow for the synchronous acquisition and analysis of complex signal streams of neurophysiological data (e.g., EEG, fNIRS) and behavioral data (e.g., motion capture). The fusion of those data streams has the potential to provide new insights into cortical mechanisms during movement, guide the development of rehabilitation practices, and become a tool for assessment and therapy in neurorehabilitation. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE This paper aims to review the existing literature on the combined use of motion capture and functional neuroimaging in motor rehabilitation. The objective is to understand the diversity and maturity of technological solutions employed and explore the clinical advantages of this multimodal approach. METHODS This paper reviews literature related to the combined use of functional neuroimaging and motion capture for motor rehabilitation following the PRISMA guidelines. Besides study and participant characteristics, technological aspects of the used systems, signal processing methods, and the nature of multimodal feature synchronization and fusion were extracted. RESULTS Out of 908 publications, 19 were included in the final review. Basic or translation studies were mainly represented and based predominantly on healthy participants or stroke patients. EEG and mechanical motion capture technologies were most used for biomechanical data acquisition, and their subsequent processing is based mainly on traditional methods. The system synchronization techniques at large were underreported. The fusion of multimodal features mainly supported the identification of movement-related cortical activity, and statistical methods were occasionally employed to examine cortico-kinematic relationships. CONCLUSION The fusion of motion capture and functional neuroimaging might offer advantages for motor rehabilitation in the future. Besides facilitating the assessment of cognitive processes in real-world settings, it could also improve rehabilitative devices' usability in clinical environments. Further, by better understanding cortico-peripheral coupling, new neuro-rehabilitation methods can be developed, such as personalized proprioceptive training. However, further research is needed to advance our knowledge of cortical-peripheral coupling, evaluate the validity and reliability of multimodal parameters, and enhance user-friendly technologies for clinical adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel A Lorenz
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Xiaomeng Su
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nina Skjæret-Maroni
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Boere K, Hecker K, Krigolson OE. Validation of a mobile fNIRS device for measuring working memory load in the prefrontal cortex. Int J Psychophysiol 2024; 195:112275. [PMID: 38049074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.112275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a neuroimaging technique that measures cortical blood flow to infer neural activation. Traditionally limited to laboratory settings due to high costs and complex operation, recent advancements have introduced mobile fNIRS devices, significantly broadening the scope of potential research participants. This study validates the use of the Mendi, a two-channel mobile fNIRS system, for measuring prefrontal oxyhemoglobin concentration changes during an n-back task. We manipulated task difficulty through different n-back levels (one-back versus three-back), revealing increased oxyhemoglobin concentrations in the prefrontal cortex during the more demanding three-back task compared to the one-back task. This finding demonstrates the Mendi's ability to distinguish between low and high cognitive task loads. Behavioural data, showing a decrease in accuracy under high load conditions, further corroborates these neuroimaging findings. Our study validates the Mendi mobile fNIRS system as an effective tool for assessing working memory load and underscores its potential in enhancing neuroscientific research accessibility. The user-friendly and cost-effective nature of mobile fNIRS systems like the Mendi opens up neuroscientific research to a diverse set of participants, enabling the investigation of neural processes in real-world environments across a variety of demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Boere
- Theoretical and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, The University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
| | - Kent Hecker
- The Health Education Neuroassessment Laboratory, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Olave E Krigolson
- Theoretical and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, The University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
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Licea J, Khan OA, Singh T, Modlesky CM. Prefrontal cortex hemodynamic activity during a test of lower extremity functional muscle strength in children with cerebral palsy: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:298-307. [PMID: 38128061 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Children with cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit impaired motor control and significant muscle weakness due to a brain lesion. However, studies that assess the relationship between brain activity and performance on dynamic functional muscle strength assessments in CP are needed. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a progressive lateral step-up test on prefrontal cortex (PFC) hemodynamic activity in children with CP. Fourteen ambulatory children with spastic CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System level I; 5-11 y) and 14 age- and sex-matched typically developing control children completed a progressive lateral step-up test at incremental step heights (0, 10, 15 and 20 cm) using their non-dominant lower limb. Hemodynamic activity in the PFC was assessed using non-invasive, portable functional neuroimaging (functional near-infrared spectroscopy). Children with CP completed fewer repetitions at each step height and exhibited lower PFC hemodynamic activity across step heights compared to controls. Lower PFC activation in CP was maintained after statistically controlling for the number of repetitions completed at each step height. PFC hemodynamic activity was not associated with LSUT task performance in children with CP, but a positive relationship was observed in controls at the most challenging 20 cm step height. The results suggest there is an altered PFC recruitment pattern in children with CP during a highly dynamic test of functional strength. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying the suppressed PFC activation observed in children with CP compared to typically developing children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Licea
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Owais A Khan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tarkeshwar Singh
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
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66
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Ersöz S, Nissen A, Schütte R. Risk, Trust, and Emotion in Online Pharmacy Medication Purchases: Multimethod Approach Incorporating Customer Self-Reports, Facial Expressions, and Neural Activation. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e48850. [PMID: 38145483 PMCID: PMC10775049 DOI: 10.2196/48850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online pharmacies are used less than other e-commerce sites in Germany. Shopping behavior does not correspond to consumption behavior, as online purchases are predominantly made for over-the-counter (OTC) medications. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to understand the purchasing experiences of online pharmacy customers in terms of critical factors for online pharmacy adoption. METHODS This study examined the perceived risk, perceived trust, and emotions related to purchasing medications online and, consequently, the purchase intention toward online pharmacies. In a within-subjects design (N=37 participants), 2 German online pharmacies with different perceptions of risk and trust were investigated for their main business, namely OTC and prescription drugs. The results of a preliminary study led to 1 online pharmacy with high and 1 with significantly low self-reported risk by the prestudy sample. Emotions were measured with a multimethod approach during and after the purchase situation as follows: (1) neural evaluation processes using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, (2) the automated direct motor response during the use of the online pharmacy via facial expression analysis (FaceReader), and (3) subjective evaluations through self-reports. Following the shopping experiences at both pharmacies for both product types, risk, trust, and purchase intention toward the pharmacies were assessed using self-assessments. RESULTS The 2 online pharmacies were rated differently in terms of risk, trust, emotions, and purchase intention. The high-risk pharmacy was also perceived as having lower trust and vice versa. Significantly stronger negative emotional expressions on customers' faces and different neural activations in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex were measured when purchasing prescription drugs from the high-risk pharmacy than from the low-risk pharmacy, combined with OTC medications. In line with this, customers' self-ratings indicated higher negative emotions for the high-risk pharmacy and lower negative emotions for the low-risk pharmacy. Moreover, the ratings showed lower purchase intention for the high-risk pharmacy. CONCLUSIONS Using multimethod measurements, we showed that the preceding neural activation and subsequent verbal evaluation of online pharmacies are reflected in the customers' immediate emotional facial expressions. High-risk online pharmacies and prescription drugs lead to stronger negative emotional facial expressions and trigger neural evaluation processes that imply perceived loss. Low-risk online pharmacies and OTC medications lead to weaker negative emotional facial expressions and trigger neural evaluation processes that signify certainty and perceived reward. The results may provide an explanation for why OTC medications are purchased online more frequently than prescription medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Ersöz
- Institute for Marketing and Retail, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anika Nissen
- Institute for Business Administration, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Hagen, Hagen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schütte
- Institute for Computer Science and Business Information Systems, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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67
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Yu J, Zou Y, Wu Y. The neural mechanisms underlying the processing of consonant, vowel and tone during Chinese typing: an fNIRS study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1258480. [PMID: 38178832 PMCID: PMC10766364 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1258480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Many studies have explored the role of consonant, vowel, and tone in Chinese word identification or sentence comprehension. However, few studies have explored their roles and neural basis during Chinese word production, especially when involving neural basis. The present fNIRS study investigated the neural mechanisms of consonant, vowel, and tone processing during Chinese typing. Participants were asked to name the Chinese characters displayed on a computer screen by typing on a keyboard while hearing a simultaneously presented auditory stimulus. The auditory stimulus was either consistent with the characters' pronunciation (consistent condition) or mismatched in the consonant, vowel, or tone of the character pronunciation. The fNIRS results showed that compared with the consistent condition (as baseline), the consonant mismatch condition evoked lower levels of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus Broca's triangle and left superior temporal gyrus. Vowel mismatch condition evoked a higher level of HbO activation in the top of the left inferior frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus. The regions and patterns of brain activation evoked by tone mismatch were the same as those of vowel mismatch. The study indicated that consonant, vowel and tone all play a role in Chinese character production. The sensitive brain areas were all in the left hemisphere. However, the neural mechanism of consonant processing differed from vowel processing in both brain regions and patterns, while tone and vowel processing shared the same regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Yu
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yun Zou
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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68
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Xie H, Li X, Xu G, Huo C, Fan Y, Li Z, Dou Z. Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on dynamic functional networks in stroke patients as assessed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11668-11678. [PMID: 37885140 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that there is heterogeneity in the efficacy bewteen the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), but the neural mechanisms underlying the differences in efficacy remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the specific effects of LF- and HF-rTMS on cortial functional network and the process of neural regulation. A total of sixty-eight patients with hemiplegic motor impairment after stroke were randomly allocated to one of three groups: the LF-rTMS, HF-rTMS, and sham groups. Tissue concentrations of oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin oscillations in cerebral cortex regions were measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the resting and rTMS states. Four specific time-windows were divided from the trial duration to observe dynamic changes in cortical haemodynamic responses. Compared with sham, LF-rTMS significantly induced the activation of the contralesional superior frontal cortex and premotor cortex, and continuously regulated ipsilesional hemisphere functional networks in stroke patients. However, HF-rTMS did not induce a significant neurovascular coupling response. Our study provided evidence that LF- and HF-rTMS interventions induced different neurovascular coupling responses and demonstrated the cortical functional network change process of rTMS in specific time-windows. These findings may help to understand the differences in the efficacy of rTMS modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100086, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Gongcheng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100086, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Congcong Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100086, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Zengyong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Zulin Dou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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69
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Yuan X, Zhong X, Wang C, Dai Y, Yang Y, Jiang C. Temporo-Parietal cortex activation during motor imagery in older adults: A case study of Baduanjin. Brain Cogn 2023; 173:106103. [PMID: 37922628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2023.106103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated cognitive and motor decline is related to central nervous system injury in older adults. Motor imagery training (MIT), as an emerging rehabilitative intervention, can activate neural basis similar to that in actual exercise, so as to promote motor function in older adults. The complex motor skills rely on the functional integration of the cerebral cortex. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying motor imagery in older adults would support its application in motor rehabilitation and slowing cognitive decline. Based on this, the present study used functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to record the changes in oxygen saturation in older adults (20 participants; mean age, 64.8 ± 4.5 years) during Baduanjin motor execution (ME) and motor imagery (MI). ME significantly activated the left postcentral gyrus, while the oxy-hemoglobin concentration in the right middle temporal gyrus increased significantly during motor imagery. These results indicate that advanced ME activates brain regions related to sensorimotor function, and MI increases the activation of the frontal-parietal cortex related to vision. In older adults, MI overactivated the temporo-parietal region associated with vision, and tend to be activated in the right brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Technical Analysis, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China; The Center of Neuroscience and Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China; School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B25 2TT, UK.
| | - Xiaoke Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Technical Analysis, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China; The Center of Neuroscience and Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Technical Analysis, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China; The Center of Neuroscience and Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yuanfu Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Technical Analysis, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China; The Center of Neuroscience and Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yuan Yang
- Sports Department, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Changhao Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Technical Analysis, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China; The Center of Neuroscience and Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
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70
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Brassard P, Roy MA, Burma JS, Labrecque L, Smirl JD. Quantification of dynamic cerebral autoregulation: welcome to the jungle! Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:791-810. [PMID: 37758907 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00986-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with dysautonomia often experience symptoms such as dizziness, syncope, blurred vision and brain fog. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation, or the ability of the cerebrovasculature to react to transient changes in arterial blood pressure, could be associated with these symptoms. METHODS In this narrative review, we go beyond the classical view of cerebral autoregulation to discuss dynamic cerebral autoregulation, focusing on recent advances pitfalls and future directions. RESULTS Following some historical background, this narrative review provides a brief overview of the concept of cerebral autoregulation, with a focus on the quantification of dynamic cerebral autoregulation. We then discuss the main protocols and analytical approaches to assess dynamic cerebral autoregulation, including recent advances and important issues which need to be tackled. CONCLUSION The researcher or clinician new to this field needs an adequate comprehension of the toolbox they have to adequately assess, and interpret, the complex relationship between arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow in healthy individuals and clinical populations, including patients with autonomic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Brassard
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
- Research center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Canada.
| | - Marc-Antoine Roy
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Research center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Joel S Burma
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lawrence Labrecque
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Research center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Smirl
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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71
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Alemi R, Wolfe J, Neumann S, Manning J, Towler W, Koirala N, Gracco VL, Deroche M. Audiovisual integration in children with cochlear implants revealed through EEG and fNIRS. Brain Res Bull 2023; 205:110817. [PMID: 37989460 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Sensory deprivation can offset the balance of audio versus visual information in multimodal processing. Such a phenomenon could persist for children born deaf, even after they receive cochlear implants (CIs), and could potentially explain why one modality is given priority over the other. Here, we recorded cortical responses to a single speaker uttering two syllables, presented in audio-only (A), visual-only (V), and audio-visual (AV) modes. Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were successively recorded in seventy-five school-aged children. Twenty-five were children with normal hearing (NH) and fifty wore CIs, among whom 26 had relatively high language abilities (HL) comparable to those of NH children, while 24 others had low language abilities (LL). In EEG data, visual-evoked potentials were captured in occipital regions, in response to V and AV stimuli, and they were accentuated in the HL group compared to the LL group (the NH group being intermediate). Close to the vertex, auditory-evoked potentials were captured in response to A and AV stimuli and reflected a differential treatment of the two syllables but only in the NH group. None of the EEG metrics revealed any interaction between group and modality. In fNIRS data, each modality induced a corresponding activity in visual or auditory regions, but no group difference was observed in A, V, or AV stimulation. The present study did not reveal any sign of abnormal AV integration in children with CI. An efficient multimodal integrative network (at least for rudimentary speech materials) is clearly not a sufficient condition to exhibit good language and literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Alemi
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Jace Wolfe
- Oberkotter Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sara Neumann
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Jacy Manning
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Will Towler
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, 11500 Portland Av., Oklahoma City, OK 73120, USA
| | - Nabin Koirala
- Haskins Laboratories, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - Mickael Deroche
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
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72
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Adingupu DD, Evans T, Soroush A, Hansen A, Jarvis S, Brown L, Dunn JF. Temporal Pattern of Cortical Hypoxia in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Significance on Neuropsychological and Clinical Measures of Disability. Ann Neurol 2023; 94:1067-1079. [PMID: 37605937 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage. It has been hypothesized that hypoxia plays a role in the pathogenesis of MS. This study was undertaken to investigate the reproducibility of non-invasively measured cortical microvascular hemoglobin oxygenation (St O2 ) using frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy (fdNIRS), investigate its temporal pattern of hypoxia in people with MS (pwMS), and its relationship with neurocognitive function and mood. METHODS We investigated the reproducibility of fdNIRS measurements. We measured cortical hypoxia in pwMS, and the relationships between St O2 , neurocognitive function, fatigue, and measures of physical disability. Furthermore, we cataloged the temporal pattern of St O2 measured at 1-week intervals for 4 weeks, and at 8 weeks and ~1 year. RESULTS We show that fdNIRS parameters were highly reproducible in 7 healthy control participants measured over 6 days (p > 0.05). There was low variability between and within subjects. In line with our previous findings, we show that 33% of pwMS (n = 88) have cortical microvascular hypoxia. Over 8 weeks and at ~1 year, St O2 values for normoxic and hypoxic groups did not change significantly. There was no significant association between cognitive function and St O2 . This conclusion should be revisited as only a small proportion of the relapsing-remitting MS group (21%) was cognitively impaired. INTERPRETATION The fdNIRS parameters have high reproducibility and repeatability, and we have demonstrated that hypoxia in MS is a chronic condition, lasting at least a year. The results show a weak relationship between cognitive functioning and oxygenation, indicating future study is required. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:1067-1079.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damilola D Adingupu
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Taelor Evans
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ateyeh Soroush
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ayden Hansen
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Scott Jarvis
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Neurologic Centre, Calgary, Canada
| | - Lenora Brown
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jeff F Dunn
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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73
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Li G, Niu Y, Liang X, Andari E, Liu Z, Zhang KR. Psychological characteristics and emotional difficulties underlying school refusal in adolescents using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:898. [PMID: 38041012 PMCID: PMC10691063 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to explore the psychological characteristics, related emotional problems and potential NIR brain function mechanism of adolescents who refuse to attend school. METHODS The study included 38 adolescents (12-18 years old) who were not attending school and 35 healthy controls (12-18 years old) who are attending school regularly. Participants completed (1) general demographics, (2) Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), (3) Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), (4) Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and (5) Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). In addition to the clinical tests, participants completed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Mental health, personality, and emotional state were evaluated in both groups to explore the differences and to understand the underlying mechanisms of school refusal during adolescence. RESULTS Adolescents who did not attend school had higher neuroticism scores on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire than healthy controls (p(FDR) < 0.001), introversion and concealment scores were lower than those of healthy controls (p(FDR) < 0.001), there was no significant difference in psychoticism scores between groups. SDS, SAS, SCL-90 scores and factor scores were higher than those of healthy control group (p(FDR) < 0.001), NIR functional brain imaging was different from healthy control group in the 12 and 27 channels (p(FDR) = 0.030, p(FDR) = 0.018), and no difference was found in the remaining channels (p(FDR) > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in age and gender between the adolescents who refused school and the control group (p(FDR) < 0.001). CONCLUSION School refusal adolescents are relatively introverted and sensitive and need more attention in daily life. Although the adolescents' emotional problems did not reach the diagnostic criteria of depressive disorder and anxiety disorder, their scores were still higher than those of the control group, suggesting that we should pay more attention to their emotional problems in order to better help them return to school. Using fNIRS, it was found that abnormalities in frontal lobe regions in adolescents with school refusal behaviors, which would contribute to early diagnosis and timely intervention of school refusal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaizhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ying Niu
- College of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiumei Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Elissar Andari
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Zhifen Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Ke-Rang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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Cheng C, Yang Y. Food stimuli decrease activation in regions of the prefrontal cortex related to executive function: an fNIRS study. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:96. [PMID: 37982958 PMCID: PMC10661783 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Overweight/obese individuals show impairments in executive functions such as inhibitory control. However, the neural mechanisms underlying these disturbances-and specifically, whether or not they involve altered activation of the specific prefrontal cortex regions-are not yet fully understood. METHODS The motivational dimensional model of affect suggests that high approach-motivated positive affect (e.g., desire) may impair executive function. In the present study, we investigated individual differences in neural responses to videos of food stimuli, and examined brain activity during a cognitive task in an approach-motivated positive state using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In Experiment 1, in 16 healthy young adults, we tested whether prefrontal cortex activation differed during a food video clip versus a neutral video clip. Then, after viewing each video clip, we tested for differences in executive function performance and prefrontal cortex activation during a Stroop task. Experiment 2 was the same, except that we compared 20 overweight/obese with 20 healthy young adults, and it incorporated only the food video clip. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The results of both experiments indicated that food stimuli decrease activation in regions of the prefrontal cortex related to executive function. This study also suggests that overweight/obese might consciously suppress their responses to a desired stimulus, yet here it seems that effect was less pronounced than in healthy controls. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, Cohort Studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Tennis College, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Graduate institute of athletics and coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport university, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of NeuroCognition/Imaging, School of Physical Education and Sport, Chaohu University, No. 1 Bantang Road, Chaohu City, Hefei City, 238000, Anhui Province, China.
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75
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Lingelbach K, Gado S, Wirzberger M, Vukelić M. Workload-dependent hemispheric asymmetries during the emotion-cognition interaction: a close-to-naturalistic fNIRS study. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2023; 4:1273810. [PMID: 38234490 PMCID: PMC10790862 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2023.1273810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Introduction We investigated brain activation patterns of interacting emotional distractions and cognitive processes in a close-to-naturalistic functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study. Methods Eighteen participants engaged in a monitoring-control task, mimicking common air traffic controller requirements. The scenario entailed experiencing both low and high workload, while concurrently being exposed to emotional speech distractions of positive, negative, and neutral valence. Results Our investigation identified hemispheric asymmetries in prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during the presentation of negative and positive emotional speech distractions at different workload levels. Thereby, in particular, activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) seems to play a crucial role. Brain activation patterns revealed a cross-over interaction indicating workload-dependent left hemispheric inhibition processes during negative distractions and high workload. For positive emotional distractions under low workload, we observed left-hemispheric PFC recruitment potentially associated with speech-related processes. Furthermore, we found a workload-independent negativity bias for neutral distractions, showing brain activation patterns similar to those of negative distractions. Discussion In conclusion, lateralized hemispheric processing, regulating emotional speech distractions and integrating emotional and cognitive processes, is influenced by workload levels and stimulus characteristics. These findings advance our understanding of the factors modulating hemispheric asymmetries during the processing and inhibition of emotional distractions, as well as the interplay between emotion and cognition. Moreover, they emphasize the significance of exploring emotion-cognition interactions in more naturalistic settings to gain a deeper understanding of their implications in real-world application scenarios (e.g., working and learning environments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lingelbach
- Applied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart, Germany
- Applied Neurocognitive Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Gado
- Experimental Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Wirzberger
- Department of Teaching and Learning with Intelligent Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Vukelić
- Applied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart, Germany
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76
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Fleury M, Figueiredo P, Vourvopoulos A, Lécuyer A. Two is better? combining EEG and fMRI for BCI and neurofeedback: a systematic review. J Neural Eng 2023; 20:051003. [PMID: 37879343 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad06e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are two commonly used non-invasive techniques for measuring brain activity in neuroscience and brain-computer interfaces (BCI).Objective. In this review, we focus on the use of EEG and fMRI in neurofeedback (NF) and discuss the challenges of combining the two modalities to improve understanding of brain activity and achieve more effective clinical outcomes. Advanced technologies have been developed to simultaneously record EEG and fMRI signals to provide a better understanding of the relationship between the two modalities. However, the complexity of brain processes and the heterogeneous nature of EEG and fMRI present challenges in extracting useful information from the combined data.Approach. We will survey existing EEG-fMRI combinations and recent studies that exploit EEG-fMRI in NF, highlighting the experimental and technical challenges.Main results. We made a classification of the different combination of EEG-fMRI for NF, we provide a review of multimodal analysis methods for EEG-fMRI features. We also survey the current state of research on EEG-fMRI in the different existing NF paradigms. Finally, we also identify some of the remaining challenges in this field.Significance. By exploring EEG-fMRI combinations in NF, we are advancing our knowledge of brain function and its applications in clinical settings. As such, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and engineers working in the field of neural engineering and rehabilitation, highlighting the promising future of EEG-fMRI-based NF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Fleury
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, Inserm, Empenn ERL U1228 Rennes, France
- ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Figueiredo
- ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Athanasios Vourvopoulos
- ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anatole Lécuyer
- Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, Inserm, Empenn ERL U1228 Rennes, France
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77
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Hartman ME. Prefrontal NIRS signal is unaffected by forehead Doppler flux during incremental cycling exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2023; 43:393-403. [PMID: 37243413 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is used to measure tissue concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (O2 Hb) and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb). In the context of exercise, NIRS confers a higher signal-to-noise ratio than other neuroimaging techniques. However, part of the signal may be influenced by thermoregulatory hyperemia in the superficial cutaneous capillaries of the forehead. The degree to which NIRS signals during exercise reflect cerebral or extracerebral hemodynamic changes is a continuing source of controversy. However, the influence of skin blood flow may be attenuated depending on the NIRS technique (e.g., frequency domain machines with maximal optode separation distances >3.5 cm). The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in forehead skin blood flow and cerebral hemoglobin concentration during incremental exercise versus direct vasodilation of the forehead skin induced by gradual local heating. Thirty participants (12 females, 18 males; age: 20.8 ± 3.2 years; body mass index: 23.8 ± 3.7 kg·m-2 ) participated in the study. Forehead skin blood flow was quantified laser Doppler flux and absolute concentrations of cerebral O2 Hb and HHb were measured by NIRS. Local heating significantly increased the Doppler flux signal across time and these changes were significantly correlated with skin temperature. During incremental exercise, skin temperature, Doppler flux, O2 Hb and HHb increased however, the only significant change that was consistently correlated with Doppler flux was skin temperature. Therefore, a significant change in forehead skin blood flow may not significantly the NIRS hemoglobin data, depending on the type of NIRS device used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Hartman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
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78
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Liu SJ, Lee SY, Pivetti C, Kulubya E, Wang A, Farmer DL, Ghiasi S, Yang W. Recovering fetal signals transabdominally through interferometric near-infrared spectroscopy (iNIRS). BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:6031-6047. [PMID: 38021126 PMCID: PMC10659808 DOI: 10.1364/boe.500898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive transabdominal fetal pulse oximetry can provide clinicians critical assessment of fetal health and potentially contribute to improved management of childbirth. Conventional pulse oximetry through continuous wave (CW) light has challenges measuring the signals from deep tissue and separating the weak fetal signal from the strong maternal signal. Here, we propose a new approach for transabdominal fetal pulse oximetry through interferometric near-infrared spectroscopy (iNIRS). This approach provides pathlengths of photons traversing the tissue, which facilitates the extraction of fetal signals by rejecting the very strong maternal signal from superficial layers. We use a multimode fiber combined with a mode-field converter at the detection arm to boost the signal of iNIRS. Together, we can detect signals from deep tissue (>∼1.6 cm in sheep abdomen and in human forearm) at merely 1.1 cm distance from the source. Using a pregnant sheep model, we experimentally measured and extracted the fetal heartbeat signals originating from deep tissue. This validated a key step towards transabdominal fetal pulse oximetry through iNIRS and set a foundation for further development of this method to measure the fetal oxygen saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Jiuan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Su Yeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Christopher Pivetti
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Edwin Kulubya
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Diana L. Farmer
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Soheil Ghiasi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Weijian Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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79
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Godavarty A, Leiva K, Amadi N, Klonoff DC, Armstrong DG. Diabetic Foot Ulcer Imaging: An Overview and Future Directions. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2023; 17:1662-1675. [PMID: 37594136 PMCID: PMC10658670 DOI: 10.1177/19322968231187660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) affect one in every three people with diabetes. Imaging plays a vital role in objectively complementing the gold-standard visual yet subjective clinical assessments of DFUs during the wound treatment process. Herein, an overview of the various imaging techniques used to image DFUs is summarized. Conventional imaging modalities (e.g., computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, single-photon emitted computed tomography, and ultrasound) are used to diagnose infections, impact on the bones, foot deformities, and blood flow in patients with DFUs. Transcutaneous oximetry is a gold standard to assess perfusion in DFU cases with vascular issues. For a wound to heal, an adequate oxygen supply is needed to facilitate reparative processes. Several optical imaging modalities can assess tissue oxygenation changes in and around the wounds apart from perfusion measurements. These include hyperspectral imaging, multispectral imaging, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, laser Doppler flowmetry or imaging, and spatial frequency domain imaging. While perfusion measurements are dynamically monitored at point locations, tissue oxygenation measurements are static two-dimensional spatial maps. Recently, we developed a spatio-temporal NIR-based tissue oxygenation imaging approach to map for the extent of asynchrony in the oxygenation flow patterns in and around DFUs. Researchers also measure other parameters such as thermal maps, bacterial infections (from fluorescence maps), pH, collagen, and trans-epidermal water loss to assess DFUs. A future direction for DFU imaging would ideally be a low-cost, portable, multi-modal imaging platform that can provide a visual and physiological assessment of wounds for comprehensive wound care intervention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Godavarty
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kevin Leiva
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noble Amadi
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David C. Klonoff
- Diabetes Research Institute, Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, San Mateo, CA, USA
| | - David G. Armstrong
- Southwestern Academic Limb Salvage Alliance (SALSA), Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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80
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Simpson MW, Mak M. Modulating Cortical Hemodynamic Activity in Parkinson's Disease Using Focal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: A Pilot Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy Study. Brain Topogr 2023; 36:926-935. [PMID: 37676389 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-01002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Reduced thalamocortical facilitation of the motor cortex in PD leads to characteristic motor deficits such as bradykinesia. Recent research has highlighted improved motor function following tDCS, but a lack of neurophysiological evidence limits the progress of tDCS as an adjunctive therapy. Here, we tested the hypothesis that tDCS may modulate M1 hemodynamic activity in PD and healthy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In this randomized crossover experiment, fourteen PD and twelve healthy control participants attended three laboratory sessions and performed a regulated (3 Hz) right index finger tapping task before and after receiving tDCS. On each visit, participants received either anodal, cathodal, or sham tDCS applied over M1. Hemodynamic activity of M1 was quantified using fNIRS. Significant task related activity was observed in M1 and the inferior parietal lobe in PD and healthy (p < 0.05). PD additionally recruited the dorsal premotor cortex. During tDCS, while at rest, anodal and cathodal tDCS significantly increased the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration of M1 compared to sham (t62 = 4.09 and t62 = 4.25, respectively). Task related hemodynamic activity was unchanged following any tDCS intervention (p > 0.05). Task related hemodynamic activity of M1 is not modulated by tDCS in PD or healthy. During tDCS, both anodal and cathodal stimulation cause a significant increase of M1 oxygenation, the clinical significance of which remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Simpson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Margaret Mak
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Park JH. Effects of Personalized Cognitive Training Using Mental Workload Monitoring on Executive Function in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment. BRAIN & NEUROREHABILITATION 2023; 16:e21. [PMID: 38047099 PMCID: PMC10689865 DOI: 10.12786/bn.2023.16.e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a variety of cognitive training has been performed, its optimally personalized delivery is still unknown. This study established the mental workload classification model using a convolutional neural network based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy-derived data. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) while thirty individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) performed spatial working memory testing was found to be a considerable indicator to classify 3 levels of mental workload with an accuracy of over 86%. In the next step, forty subjects with MCI were randomly allocated into the experimental group (EG) that received cognitive training with mental workload-based difficulty adjustment or the control group (CG) that received conventional cognitive training. To compare both groups, the Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) and hemodynamic responses in the DLPFC during the TMT-B were measured. After the 16 training sessions, the EG subjects achieved a greater improvement in the TMT-B than the CG subjects (p < 0.05). Also, the EG subject showed a significantly lower DLPFC activity during the TMT-B than the CG subject (p < 0.05). In sum, the EG subjects better performed executive function with lower energy from the DLPFC. These findings imply that the importance of mental workload monitoring to provide personalized cognitive training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hyuck Park
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
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Muñoz V, Muñoz-Caracuel M, Angulo-Ruiz BY, Gómez CM. Neurovascular coupling during auditory stimulation: event-related potentials and fNIRS hemodynamic. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1943-1961. [PMID: 37658858 PMCID: PMC10517045 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Intensity-dependent amplitude changes (IDAP) have been extensively studied using event-related potentials (ERPs) and have been linked to several psychiatric disorders. This study aims to explore the application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in IDAP paradigms, which related to ERPs could indicate the existence of neurovascular coupling. Thirty-three and thirty-one subjects participated in two experiments, respectively. The first experiment consisted of the presentation of three-tone intensities (77.9 dB, 84.5 dB, and 89.5 dB) lasting 500 ms, each type randomly presented 54 times, while the second experiment consisted of the presentation of five-tone intensities (70.9 dB, 77.9 dB, 84.5 dB, 89.5 dB, and 94.5 dB) in trains of 8 tones lasting 70 ms each tone, the trains were presented 20 times. EEG was used to measure ERP components: N1, P2, and N1-P2 peak-to-peak amplitude. fNIRS allowed the analysis of the hemodynamic activity in the auditory, visual, and prefrontal cortices. The results showed an increase in N1, P2, and N1-P2 peak-to-peak amplitude with auditory intensity. Similarly, oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations showed amplitude increases and decreases, respectively, with auditory intensity in the auditory and prefrontal cortices. Spearman correlation analysis showed a relationship between the left auditory cortex with N1 amplitude, and the right dorsolateral cortex with P2 amplitude, specifically for deoxyhemoglobin concentrations. These findings suggest that there is a brain response to auditory intensity changes that can be obtained by EEG and fNIRS, supporting the neurovascular coupling process. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of fNIRS application in auditory paradigms and highlights its potential as a complementary technique to ERPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Muñoz
- Human Psychobiology Laboratory, Experimental Psychology Department, University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Muñoz-Caracuel
- Human Psychobiology Laboratory, Experimental Psychology Department, University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Brenda Y. Angulo-Ruiz
- Human Psychobiology Laboratory, Experimental Psychology Department, University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Gómez
- Human Psychobiology Laboratory, Experimental Psychology Department, University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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Ohkubo M. The emergence of non-cryogenic quantum magnetic sensors: Synergistic advancement in magnetography together with SQUID. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:111501. [PMID: 38010159 DOI: 10.1063/5.0167372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Emerging non-superconductor quantum magnetic sensors, such as optically pumped magnetometer, fluxgate, magnetic tunnel junction, and diamond nitrogen-vacancy center, are approaching the performance of superconductor quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). These sensors are enabling magnetography for human bodies and brain-computer interface. Will they completely replace the SQUID magnetography in the near future?
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Ohkubo
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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84
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Wang Q, Li Y, Su H, Zhong N, Xu Q, Li X. Deep neural network to differentiate internet gaming disorder from healthy controls during stop-signal task: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2023; 68:457-468. [PMID: 37099486 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), as one of worldwide mental health issues, leads to negative effects on physical and mental health and has attracted public attention. Most studies on IGD are based on screening scales and subjective judgments of doctors, without objective quantitative assessment. However, public understanding of internet gaming disorder lacks objectivity. Therefore, the researches on internet gaming disorder still have many limitations. In this paper, a stop-signal task (SST) was designed to assess inhibitory control in patients with IGD based on prefrontal functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). According to the scale, the subjects were divided into health and gaming disorder. A total of 40 subjects (24 internet gaming disorders; 16 healthy controls) signals were used for deep learning-based classification. The seven algorithms used for classification and comparison were deep learning algorithms (DL) and machine learning algorithms (ML), with four and three algorithms in each category, respectively. After applying hold-out method, the performance of the model was verified by accuracy. DL models outperformed traditional ML algorithms. Furthermore, the classification accuracy of the two-dimensional convolution neural network (2D-CNN) was 87.5% among all models. This was the highest accuracy out of all models that were tested. The 2D-CNN was able to outperform the other models due to its ability to learn complex patterns in data. This makes it well-suited for image classification tasks. The findings suggested that a 2D-CNN model is an effective approach for predicting internet gaming disorder. The results show that this is a reliable method with high accuracy to identify patients with IGD and demonstrate that the use of fNIRS to facilitate the development of IGD diagnosis has great potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Wang
- College of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongkang Li
- College of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Su
- Shanghai Mental health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Zhong
- Shanghai Mental health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoou Li
- College of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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85
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Zhao M, Liu J, Liu Y, Kang P. Effects of mental rotation on map representation in orienteers-behavioral and fNIRS evidence. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16299. [PMID: 37868057 PMCID: PMC10588725 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Taking orienteering as an example, this study aimed to reveal the effects of mental rotation on orienteers' map representation and their brain processing characteristics. Methods Functional near-infrared spectroscopic imaging (fNIRS) was used to explore the behavioral performance and cortical oxyhemoglobin concentration changes of map-represented cognitive processing in orienteering athletes under two task conditions: normal and rotational orientation. Results Compared to that in the normal orientation, athletes' task performance in the rotated orientation condition was significantly decreased, as evidenced by a decrease in correct rate and an increase in reaction time; in the normal orientation condition, blood oxygen activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe was significantly greater than that in the ventral prefrontal lobe, which was significantly correlated with the correct rate. With rotating orientation, the brain oxygen average of each region of interest was enhanced, and the brain region specifically processed was the ventral prefrontal lobe, specifically correlating with the correct rate. Conclusions Mental rotation constrains the map representation ability of athletes, and map representation in rotational orientation requires more functional brain activity for information processing. Ventral lateral prefrontal lobe activation plays an important role in the map representation task in rotational orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingru Liu
- Physical Education Department, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengyang Kang
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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86
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Flanagan K, Saikia MJ. Consumer-Grade Electroencephalogram and Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neurofeedback Technologies for Mental Health and Wellbeing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8482. [PMID: 37896575 PMCID: PMC10610697 DOI: 10.3390/s23208482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Neurofeedback, utilizing an electroencephalogram (EEG) and/or a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) device, is a real-time measurement of brain activity directed toward controlling and optimizing brain function. This treatment has often been attributed to improvements in disorders such as ADHD, anxiety, depression, and epilepsy, among others. While there is evidence suggesting the efficacy of neurofeedback devices, the research is still inconclusive. The applicability of the measurements and parameters of consumer neurofeedback wearable devices has improved, but the literature on measurement techniques lacks rigorously controlled trials. This paper presents a survey and literary review of consumer neurofeedback devices and the direction toward clinical applications and diagnoses. Relevant devices are highlighted and compared for treatment parameters, structural composition, available software, and clinical appeal. Finally, a conclusion on future applications of these systems is discussed through the comparison of their advantages and drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Flanagan
- Electrical Engineering, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Biomedical Sensors and Systems Laboratory, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Manob Jyoti Saikia
- Electrical Engineering, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Biomedical Sensors and Systems Laboratory, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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87
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Bonzano L, Biggio M, Brigadoi S, Pedullà L, Pagliai M, Iester C, Brichetto G, Cutini S, Bove M. Don't plan, just do it: Cognitive and sensorimotor contributions to manual dexterity. Neuroimage 2023; 280:120348. [PMID: 37625501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Manual dexterity is referred to as the skill to perform fine motor movements and it has been assumed to be associated to the cognitive domain, as well as the sensorimotor one. In this work, we investigated with functional near-infrared spectroscopy the cortical activations elicited by the execution of the 9-HPT, i.e., a standard test evaluating manual dexterity in which nine pegs were taken, placed into and then removed from nine holes on a board as quickly as possible. For comparison, we proposed a new active control task mainly involving the sensorimotor domain, in which the pegs must be placed and removed using the same single hole (1-HPT). Behaviorally, we found two distinct groups based on the difference between the execution time of the 9-HPT and the 1-HPT (ΔHPT). Cortical areas belonging to the network controlling reaching and grasping movements were active in both groups; however, participants showing a large ΔHPT presented significantly higher activation in prefrontal cortical areas (right BA10 and BA11) during 9-HPT and 1-HPT performance with respect to the participants with a small ΔHPT, who showed a deactivation in BA10. Unexpectedly, we observed a significant linear relationship between ΔHPT and right BA10 activity. This suggested that participants performing the 9-HPT more slowly than the 1-HPT recruited prefrontal areas implicitly exploiting the cognitive skills of planning, perhaps in search of a motor strategy to solve the test activating attentional and cognitive control processes, but this resulted not efficient and instead increased the time to accomplish a manual dexterity task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bonzano
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Biggio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Brigadoi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 8, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Ludovico Pedullà
- Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation, Scientific Research Area, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Costanza Iester
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Brichetto
- Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation, Scientific Research Area, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Cutini
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 8, Padua 35131, Italy.
| | - Marco Bove
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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88
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Li Y, Niu R, Liu L, Liu Y. Premotor function in interpersonal bimanual coordination: Neural responses to varying frequencies and spatio-temporal relationships. Physiol Behav 2023; 270:114303. [PMID: 37481151 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interpersonal movement coordination is an important aspect of daily life. Behavioral studies have found that rhythmic bimanual coordination of movement is mainly influenced by two factors, spatio-temporal relationship and frequency of movements. How these factors affect action coordination at the neural level needs further exploration. The current study used a factor design to investigate the brain basis of movement coordination under various spatiotemporal relationships and frequencies, as well as their intricate interaction. METHODS Participants were asked to perform symmetric or alternating hand movements under conditions of different spatio-temporal relationships (symmetric, alternating) and frequencies. A multi-channel, continuous wave, functional near-infrared spectral (fNIRS) imaging instrument was used to monitor hemodynamic activity while 16 pairs of volunteers performed the task. RESULTS Behaviorally, as indexed by phase locking value, movements were more stable in symmetric mode than in alternate mode. With increasing frequency, symmetric mode became more unstable; in contrast, alternating mode became more stable at higher frequencies, suggesting phase transition. Activation in brain regions of interest was much stronger in symmetric mode as compared with alternate mode. In alternate mode, but not symmetric mode, [HbO] varied with frequency. CONCLUSION Interpersonal bimanual coordination involves activity in premotor areas (premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, and frontal eye fields). More oxygen is consumed in these regions in alternating mode than in symmetric mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoyu Niu
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; Key Lab of Cognitive Evaluation and Regulation in Sport, General Administration of Sport of China, Shanghai, China.
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89
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Lim SB, Peters S, Yang CL, Boyd LA, Liu-Ambrose T, Eng JJ. Premotor and Posterior Parietal Cortex Activity is Increased for Slow, as well as Fast Walking Poststroke: An fNIRS Study. Neural Plast 2023; 2023:2403175. [PMID: 37868191 PMCID: PMC10589070 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2403175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods Twenty individuals in the chronic stage of stroke walked: (1) at their normal pace, (2) slower than normal, and (3) as fast as possible. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess bilateral prefrontal, premotor, sensorimotor, and posterior parietal cortices during walking. Results No significant differences in laterality were observed between walking speeds. The ipsilesional prefrontal cortex was overall more active than the contralesional prefrontal cortex. Premotor and posterior parietal cortex activity were larger during slow and fast walking compared to normal-paced walking with no differences between slow and fast walking. Greater increases in brain activation in the ipsilesional prefrontal cortex during fast compared to normal-paced walking related to greater gait speed modulation. Conclusions Brain activation is not linearly related to gait speed. Ipsilesional prefrontal cortex, bilateral premotor, and bilateral posterior parietal cortices are important areas for gait speed modulation and could be an area of interest for neurostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon B. Lim
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Rehabilitation Research Program, GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sue Peters
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Chieh-ling Yang
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Lara A. Boyd
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- The David Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- The David Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Janice J. Eng
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Rehabilitation Research Program, GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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90
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Hu H, Lin X, Fang L, Li Y, Gao H. Evaluating the Efficacy and Underlying Mechanisms of Acupuncture for Chronic Subjective Tinnitus Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pain Res 2023; 16:3367-3378. [PMID: 37814607 PMCID: PMC10560467 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s433048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for chronic subjective tinnitus and explore the central mechanism underlying acupuncture for chronic subjective tinnitus using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods We will randomly assign 60 tinnitus patients to either an acupuncture group or a waiting-list control group. The acupuncture group will undergo 12 treatment sessions over 4 weeks, whereas the waiting-list control group will receive no intervention concurrently. Clinical outcome measures include the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score, tinnitus loudness assessed by 11-point NRS, average pure-tone threshold, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) score. Neuroimaging outcomes assessed by fNIRS included blood oxygen concentration and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). All outcome measurements will be assessed at the baseline, after 4-week treatment, and at 3-month follow-ups. Results Our investigation will determine if significant differences exist between the two groups regarding THI, NRS, average pure-tone threshold, and HAM-A scores. Moreover, the analysis will reveal whether the acupuncture group demonstrates significant change in blood oxygen concentration and RSFC between specific brain regions compared to the waiting-list control group. Conclusion With the novel technique of fNIRS, in addition to efficacy evaluation of acupuncture, this study's findings are anticipated to partly elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying acupuncture treatment for subjective tinnitus and offer an objective assessment method for its therapeutic impact, thereby contributing to filling the research gap. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials registry (identification code NCT05829278).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hantong Hu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianqiang Fang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China
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Parker SM, Ricks B, Zuniga J, Knarr BA. Comparison of virtual reality to physical box and blocks on cortical an neuromuscualar activations in young adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16567. [PMID: 37783719 PMCID: PMC10545674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in neural activations when performing the box and block test (BBT) in virtual reality (VR) compared to the physical BBT. Young healthy participants performed three trials of the BBT with their left and right hands in both the VR BBT, using VR hand controllers, and physical BBT conditions. Electromyography sensors were placed on the upper extremity of both arms and functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure motor cortex activations throughout each condition. While a reduction in BBT score and increased wrist extensor neuromuscular activity is exhibited during the VR condition, there is no statistical difference in motor cortex activation between the two BBT conditions. This work provides a basis for exploring cortical and neuromuscular responses to VR in patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan M Parker
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Dr S., Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.
| | - Brian Ricks
- Department of Computer Science, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 1110 South 67th Street, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Jorge Zuniga
- Department of Computer Science, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 1110 South 67th Street, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Brian A Knarr
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Dr S., Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
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Xu S, Momin M, Ahmed S, Hossain A, Veeramuthu L, Pandiyan A, Kuo CC, Zhou T. Illuminating the Brain: Advances and Perspectives in Optoelectronics for Neural Activity Monitoring and Modulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303267. [PMID: 37726261 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetic modulation of brain neural activity that combines optical and electrical modes in a unitary neural system has recently gained robust momentum. Controlling illumination spatial coverage, designing light-activated modulators, and developing wireless light delivery and data transmission are crucial for maximizing the use of optical neuromodulation. To this end, biocompatible electrodes with enhanced optoelectrical performance, device integration for multiplexed addressing, wireless transmission, and multimodal operation in soft systems have been developed. This review provides an outlook for uniformly illuminating large brain areas while spatiotemporally imaging the neural responses upon optoelectrical stimulation with little artifacts. Representative concepts and important breakthroughs, such as head-mounted illumination, multiple implanted optical fibers, and micro-light-delivery devices, are discussed. Examples of techniques that incorporate electrophysiological monitoring and optoelectrical stimulation are presented. Challenges and perspectives are posed for further research efforts toward high-density optoelectrical neural interface modulation, with the potential for nonpharmacological neurological disease treatments and wireless optoelectrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumao Xu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Marzia Momin
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Arafat Hossain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Loganathan Veeramuthu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Republic of China
| | - Archana Pandiyan
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ching Kuo
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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Bonilauri A, Pirastru A, Sangiuliano Intra F, Isernia S, Cazzoli M, Blasi V, Baselli G, Baglio F. Surface-based integration approach for fNIRS-fMRI reliability assessment. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 398:109952. [PMID: 37625649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies integrating functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with functional MRI (fMRI) employ heterogeneous methods in defining common regions of interest in which similarities are assessed. Therefore, spatial agreement and temporal correlation may not be reproducible across studies. In the present work, we address this issue by proposing a novel method for integration and analysis of fNIRS and fMRI over the cortical surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen healthy volunteers (age mean±SD 30.55 ± 4.7, 7 males) performed a motor task during non-simultaneous fMRI and fNIRS acquisitions. First, fNIRS and fMRI data were integrated by projecting subject- and group-level source maps over the cortical surface mesh to define anatomically constrained functional ROIs (acfROI). Next, spatial agreement and temporal correlation were quantified as Dice Coefficient (DC) and Pearson's correlation coefficient between fNIRS-fMRI in the acfROIs. RESULTS Subject-level results revealed moderate to substantial spatial agreement (DC range 0.43 - 0.64), confirmed at the group-level only for blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal vs. HbO2 (0.44 - 0.69), while lack of agreement was found for BOLD vs. HbR in some instances (0.05 - 0.49). Subject-level temporal correlation was moderate to strong (0.79 - 0.85 for BOLD vs. HbO2 and -0.62 to -0.72 for BOLD vs. HbR), while an overall strong correlation was found for group-level results (0.95 - 0.98 for BOLD vs. HbO2 and -0.91 to -0.94 for BOLD vs. HbR). CONCLUSION The proposed method directly compares fNIRS and fMRI by projecting individual source maps to the cortical surface. Our results indicate spatial and temporal correspondence between fNIRS and fMRI, and promotes the use of fNIRS when more ecological acquision settings are required, such as longitudinal monitoring of brain activity before and after rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Bonilauri
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Pirastru
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Sara Isernia
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cazzoli
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Blasi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Baselli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Liang X, Qiao D, Ren T, Wen Y, Xu Y, Ma L, Li Q, Li G, Liu Z. Neural association between cognitive function and anhedonia in adolescents with melancholic major depressive disorder: A fNIRS study. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:305-311. [PMID: 37290527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction is common among adolescent patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the pattern and magnitude of cognition impairment in patients during melancholic episodes remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the neurocognitive performance and the underlying cerebral blood flow activation of adolescent patients with melancholic and non-melancholic features. METHODS Fifty-seven and 44 adolescent patients with MDD with or without melancholic feature (MDD-MEL/nMEL) and 58 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. We used the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS) measuring neurocognitive function, and used functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) monitoring cerebral hemodynamic changes, described by β value. The non-parametric test and post-hoc analysis were conducted in RBANS scores and β values among three groups. Spearman correlation and mediating analysis was performed for RBANS scores, β values, and clinical symptoms in the MDD-MEL group. RESULTS There were no significant difference in RBANS scores between MDD-MEL and MDD-nMEL group. Compared with patients in MDD-nMEL, patients in MDD-MEL have lower β values in eight channels (ch10, ch16, ch20, ch25, ch27, ch37, ch41, ch45). The cognitive function is significantly correlated with anhedonia, and the β values play a partial mediating role between anhedonia and cognitive function. LIMITATION It's a cross-sectional study and monitoring longitudinal effects are needed to further elucidate the mechanism. CONCLUSION The cognitive function in adolescents with MDD-MEL may not significantly differ from those with MDD-nMEL. However, the anhedonia may influenced the cognitive function by altering the function of medial frontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dan Qiao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tian Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yujiao Wen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gaizhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhifen Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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95
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Girolamo T, Butler L, Canale R, Aslin RN, Eigsti IM. fNIRS Studies of Individuals with Speech and Language Impairment Underreport Sociodemographics: A Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2023:10.1007/s11065-023-09618-y. [PMID: 37747652 PMCID: PMC10961255 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a promising tool for scientific discovery and clinical application. However, its utility depends upon replicable reporting. We evaluate reporting of sociodemographics in fNIRS studies of speech and language impairment and asked the following: (1) Do refereed fNIRS publications report participant sociodemographics? (2) For what reasons are participants excluded from analysis? This systematic review was preregistered with PROSPERO (CRD42022342959) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Searches in August 2022 included the terms: (a) fNIRS or functional near-infrared spectroscopy or NIRS or near-infrared spectroscopy, (b) speech or language, and (c) disorder or impairment or delay. Searches yielded 38 qualifying studies from 1997 to present. Eight studies (5%) reported at least partial information on race or ethnicity. Few studies reported SES (26%) or language background (47%). Most studies reported geographic location (100%) and gender/sex (89%). Underreporting of sociodemographics in fNIRS studies of speech and language impairment hinders the generalizability of findings. Replicable reporting is imperative for advancing the utility of fNIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Girolamo
- School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Lindsay Butler
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Rebecca Canale
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Richard N Aslin
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Child Study Center and Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Inge-Marie Eigsti
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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96
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Chen Y, Youk S, Wang PT, Pinti P, Weber R. A calculus of probability or belief? Neural underpinnings of social decision-making in a card game. Neuropsychologia 2023; 188:108635. [PMID: 37423422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
For decades, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been the focus of social neuroscience research, specifically regarding its role in competitive social decision-making. However, the distinct contributions of PFC subregions when making strategic decisions involving multiple types of information (social, non-social, and mixed information) remain unclear. This study investigates decision-making strategies (pure probability calculation vs. mentalizing) and their neural representations using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data collected during a two-person card game. We observed individual differences in information processing strategy, indicating that some participants relied more on probability than others. Overall, the use of pure probability decreased over time in favor of other types of information (e.g., mixed information), with this effect being more pronounced within-round trials than across rounds. In the brain, (1) the lateral PFC activates when decisions are driven by probability calculations; (2) the right lateral PFC responds to trial difficulty; and (3) the anterior medial PFC is engaged when decision-making involves mentalizing. Furthermore, neural synchrony, which reflects the real-time interplay between individuals' cognitive processes, did not consistently contribute to correct decisions and fluctuated throughout the experiment, suggesting a hierarchical mentalizing mechanism at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibei Chen
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Communication - Media Neuroscience Lab, USA
| | - Sungbin Youk
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Communication - Media Neuroscience Lab, USA
| | - Paula T Wang
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Communication - Media Neuroscience Lab, USA
| | - Paola Pinti
- Birkbeck, University of London, Center for Brain and Cognitive Development, USA
| | - René Weber
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Communication - Media Neuroscience Lab, USA; University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, USA; Ewha Womans University, School of Communication and Media, South Korea.
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97
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Moussalli P, Li S, Geweid GGN, Zhu H, Chen JDZ. An efficient online peak detection algorithm for synchronized intestinal electrical stimulation and its application for treating diabetes. Med Biol Eng Comput 2023; 61:2317-2327. [PMID: 37060485 PMCID: PMC10461231 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-023-02832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is one of leading risk factors for type 2 diabetes and other types of chronic diseases. Synchronized intestinal electrical stimulation (SIES) has been explored for treating obesity and diabetes. In SIES, electrical stimulation is delivered to the small intestine in synchronization with the intrinsic intestinal myoelectrical activity (its basic rhythm is called slow wave) and therefore, the accurate detection of intestinal slow waves is critically important for SIES. The aim of this study is to detect the peaks in intestinal slow waves in real-time based on the automatic multiscale peak detection (AMPD) method. In this paper, we introduce an efficient technique for real-time detection of peaks in intestinal slow waves. The presented method is based on peak estimation of a given quasi-periodic signal using the AMPD method. This method uses a multi-scale approach to identify the peaks of the intestinal slow waves with high detection accuracy and a minimal delay. Throughout the experiments, the multi-scale technique is used to estimate the quasi-periodic signals using different signal-to-noise ratio, λ (optimal scale), and the "lag" β (number of datapoints for right hand estimation) as important performance factors. The performance of the presented method is also calculated and utilized in the comparison process for 10 datasets of the intestinal slow waves from rats at λ = 150 ms and two values of β = 100 ms and 150 ms. The experimental results show that the presented method has good overall accuracy for online peak detection while maintaining low memory and computational complexity. Numerically, the overall accuracy is above 90%, and 98% for the rodent intestinal slow waves at a time-lag of 150 ms. The developed SIES system has been applied to successfully reduce postprandial blood glucose in a rodent model of hyperglycemia. In conclusion, the developed algorithm is adequate for on-line peak detection of the intestinal slow waves; the SIES method used the developed peak detection algorithm which is effective in reducing postprandial blood glucose in a rodent model of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Moussalli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Catholic University of Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Shiying Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gamal G N Geweid
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hongbing Zhu
- Transtimulation Research Inc, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jiande D Z Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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98
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Love LK, Hodgson MD, Keir DA, Kowalchuk JM. The effect of increasing work rate amplitudes from a common metabolic baseline on the kinetic response of V̇o 2p, blood flow, and muscle deoxygenation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:584-600. [PMID: 37439241 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00566.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A step-transition in external work rate (WR) increases pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇o2p) in a monoexponential fashion. Although the rate of this increase, quantified by the time constant (τ), has frequently been shown to be similar between multiple different WR amplitudes (ΔWR), the adjustment of O2 delivery to the muscle (via blood flow; BF), a potential regulator of V̇o2p kinetics, has not been extensively studied. To investigate the role of BF on V̇o2p kinetics, 10 participants performed step-transitions on a knee-extension ergometer from a common baseline WR (3 W) to: 24, 33, 45, 54, and 66 W. Each transition lasted 8 min and was repeated four to six times. Volume turbinometry and mass spectrometry, Doppler ultrasound, and near-infrared spectroscopy were used to measure V̇o2p, BF, and muscle deoxygenation (deoxy[Hb + Mb]), respectively. Similar transitions were ensemble-averaged, and phase II V̇o2p, BF, and deoxy[Hb + Mb] were fit with a monoexponential nonlinear least squares regression equation. With increasing ΔWR, τV̇o2p became larger at the higher ΔWRs (P < 0.05), while τBF did not change significantly, and the mean response time (MRT) of deoxy[Hb + Mb] became smaller. These findings that V̇o2p kinetics become slower with increasing ΔWR, while BF kinetics are not influenced by ΔWR, suggest that O2 delivery could not limit V̇o2p in this situation. However, the speeding of deoxy[Hb + Mb] kinetics with increasing ΔWR does imply that the O2 delivery-to-O2 utilization of the microvasculature decreases at higher ΔWRs. This suggests that the contribution of O2 delivery and O2 extraction to V̇O2 in the muscle changes with increasing ΔWR.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A step increase in work rate produces a monoexponential increase in V̇o2p and blood flow to a new steady-state. We found that step transitions from a common metabolic baseline to increasing work rate amplitudes produced a slowing of V̇o2p kinetics, no change in blood flow kinetics, and a speeding of muscle deoxygenation kinetics. As work rate amplitude increased, the ratio of blood flow to V̇o2p became smaller, while the amplitude of muscle deoxygenation became greater. The gain in vascular conductance became smaller, while kinetics tended to become slower at higher work rate amplitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo K Love
- Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Redeemer University, Ancaster, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael D Hodgson
- Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel A Keir
- Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John M Kowalchuk
- Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Redeemer University, Ancaster, Ontario, Canada
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99
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Kong Y, Peng W, Li J, Zhu C, Zhang C, Fan Y. Alteration in brain functional connectivity in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment during memory task: A fNIRS study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107280. [PMID: 37517137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study attempted to evaluate the functional connectivity (FC) in relevant cortex areas during three memory tasks using the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) method to expound the neural mechanisms in individuals with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). METHODS Short-term memory and visuospatial abilities were assessed using the clock drawing test, digit span test, and Corsi Block-tapping tests with simultaneous fNIRS. The oxygenated hemoglobin concentration signals were recorded from the bilateral motor sense cortex (LMS/RMS) and prefrontal lobe (LPFT/PFT/RPFT) of 19 subjects with cognitive impairment (PSCI group), 27 stroke subjects (STR group) and 26 healthy subjects (HC group). RESULTS MMSE scores were positively correlated with the clock drawing test and digit span test scores but not with Corsi Block-tapping scores. During each test, functional connectivity between the bilateral MS (LMS/RMS) was highest within each group, but the functional connectivity between motor sense cortex and frontal lobe was lowest. PSCI group showed decreased FC between bilateral motor sense cortex (P < 0.05) and between motor sense cortex and frontal lobe (P > 0.05) during clock drawing test and Corsi Block-tapping test while decreased FC between each region of interest during digit span test with no significant difference. Functional connectivity levels were closely related to MMSE scores. CONCLUSIONS Decreased functional connectivity level may be a marker of impaired cognitive function in post-stroke cognitive impairment. The fNIRS-based functional connectivity provides a non-invasive method to recognize cognitive impairment post-stroke. Functional connectivity changes may help to further understand the neural mechanisms of cognitive impairment post stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kong
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Rd. Furong District, Changsha 410011, Hunan China
| | - Wenna Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Rd. Furong District, Changsha 410011, Hunan China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Rd. Furong District, Changsha 410011, Hunan China
| | - Chunjiao Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Rd. Furong District, Changsha 410011, Hunan China
| | - Changjie Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Rd. Furong District, Changsha 410011, Hunan China
| | - Yongmei Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Rd. Furong District, Changsha 410011, Hunan China.
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100
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Almasri RM, Ladouceur F, Mawad D, Esrafilzadeh D, Firth J, Lehmann T, Poole-Warren LA, Lovell NH, Al Abed A. Emerging trends in the development of flexible optrode arrays for electrophysiology. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:031503. [PMID: 37692375 PMCID: PMC10491464 DOI: 10.1063/5.0153753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical-electrode (optrode) arrays use light to modulate excitable biological tissues and/or transduce bioelectrical signals into the optical domain. Light offers several advantages over electrical wiring, including the ability to encode multiple data channels within a single beam. This approach is at the forefront of innovation aimed at increasing spatial resolution and channel count in multichannel electrophysiology systems. This review presents an overview of devices and material systems that utilize light for electrophysiology recording and stimulation. The work focuses on the current and emerging methods and their applications, and provides a detailed discussion of the design and fabrication of flexible arrayed devices. Optrode arrays feature components non-existent in conventional multi-electrode arrays, such as waveguides, optical circuitry, light-emitting diodes, and optoelectronic and light-sensitive functional materials, packaged in planar, penetrating, or endoscopic forms. Often these are combined with dielectric and conductive structures and, less frequently, with multi-functional sensors. While creating flexible optrode arrays is feasible and necessary to minimize tissue-device mechanical mismatch, key factors must be considered for regulatory approval and clinical use. These include the biocompatibility of optical and photonic components. Additionally, material selection should match the operating wavelength of the specific electrophysiology application, minimizing light scattering and optical losses under physiologically induced stresses and strains. Flexible and soft variants of traditionally rigid photonic circuitry for passive optical multiplexing should be developed to advance the field. We evaluate fabrication techniques against these requirements. We foresee a future whereby established telecommunications techniques are engineered into flexible optrode arrays to enable unprecedented large-scale high-resolution electrophysiology systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M. Almasri
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Damia Mawad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Josiah Firth
- Australian National Fabrication Facility, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Torsten Lehmann
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | | | - Amr Al Abed
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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